SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2002
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO .
Commission file number 1-12431
Unity Bancorp, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
22-3282551
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. employer identification no.)
64 Old Highway 22, Clinton, NJ
08809
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrants telephone number, including area code (908) 730-7630
Indicate by check mark whether the Issuer: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
The number of shares outstanding of each of the registrants classes of common equity stock, as of April 30, 2002:
Common stock, no par value: 5,181,877 shares outstanding
PART I
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM I
Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at March 31, 2002, December 31, 2001 and March 31, 2001
Consolidated Statements of Operations For the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001
Consolidated statements of changes in Shareholders Equity For the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
ITEM II
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
ITEM III
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1
Legal Proceedings
ITEM 2
Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
ITEM 3
Defaults upon Senior Securities
ITEM 4
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
ITEM 5
Other Information
ITEM 6
Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
Exhibit Index
SIGNATURES
1
Unity Bancorp
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(unaudited)
(in thousands)
03/31/02
12/31/01
03/31/01
Assets
Cash and due from banks
$
13,762
16,832
16,027
Federal funds sold
12,000
36,500
Securities:
Available for sale
57,979
59,773
53,497
Held to maturity
21,988
20,923
25,666
Total securities
79,967
80,696
79,163
Loans:
SBA loans held for sale
14,279
17,719
7,337
SBA
37,816
35,754
26,251
Commercial
131,487
119,262
85,971
Residential mortgages
69,757
73,144
76,026
Consumer loans
26,247
26,680
28,363
Total loans
279,586
272,559
223,948
Allowance for loan losses
3,180
3,165
2,550
Net loans
276,406
269,394
221,398
Premises and equipment, net
8,333
8,567
9,174
Accrued interest receivable
2,270
2,261
2,810
Other assets
1,492
1,482
1,972
Total assets
394,230
379,232
367,044
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits
Non-interest bearing
62,246
64,697
53,046
Interest bearing checking
135,196
119,864
107,039
Savings deposits
32,141
30,982
31,115
Time deposits
84,378
83,644
98,776
Time, $100,000 and over
39,816
40,767
41,112
Total deposits
353,777
339,954
331,088
Other debt
12,831
12,853
12,915
Accrued interest payable
412
366
885
Accrued expense and other liabilities
1,350
1,223
476
Total liabilities
368,370
354,396
345,364
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders equity
Preferred stock, class A, 10%, cumulative and convertible 104 thousand shares outstanding 6 thousand outstanding at Mar. 31, 2002 and Dec. 31, 2002, 104 outstanding at Mar. 31, 2001
285
4,929
Common stock, no par value, 7,500 shares authorized, 5,181 issued and outstanding Mar, 31, 2002, 5,113 issued and outstanding Dec. 31, 2001, 3,864 issued 3,707 outstanding Mar. 31, 2001.
33,630
33,248
26,234
Treasury stock, at cost, 157 thousand outstanding at Mar. 31, 2001
(1,762
)
Retained deficit
(7,878
(8,692
(7,665
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(177
(5
(56
Total Shareholders Equity
25,860
24,836
21,680
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
2
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the three monthsended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
2002
2001
Interest income:
Fed funds sold and interest on deposits
30
454
791
657
333
473
1,124
1,130
SBA loans
899
851
Commercial loans
2,263
1,885
Residential mortgage loans
1,043
1,139
389
557
Total loan interest income
4,594
4,432
Total interest income
5,748
6,016
Interest expense:
572
973
167
178
1,182
2,007
Total deposit interest expense
1,921
3,158
Borrowings
197
195
Total interest expense
2,118
3,353
Net interest income
3,630
2,663
Provision for loan losses
600
150
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
3,030
2,513
Non-interest Income:
Deposit service charges
343
327
Loan and servicing fees
352
291
Net gains on loan sales
784
402
Net security gains
34
Other income
107
Total non-interest income
1,891
1,161
Non-interest expense:
Compensation and benefits
1,808
1,628
Occupancy
408
413
Processing and communications
511
482
Furniture and equipment
263
Professional fees
153
207
Deposit insurance
38
224
Loan servicing costs
67
75
Other expenses
382
248
Total non-interest expense
3,652
3,540
Net income before provision for income taxes
1,269
134
Provision for income taxes
447
6
Net income
822
128
Preferred stock dividends
8
129
Net income (loss) to common shareholders
814
(1
Net income per common share - Basic
0.16
(0.00
Net income per common share - Diluted
0.15
Average common shares outstanding - Basic
5,132
3,707
Average common shares outstanding - Diluted
5,547
3
Unity Bancorp, Inc
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity
For the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001
(In thousands)
PreferredStock
CommonStock
TreasuryStock
RetainedDeficit
AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveloss
TotalShareholdersEquity
Balance, December 31, 2000
(7,793
(294
21,314
Comprehensive income:
Net Income
Net unrealized holding loss on securities arising during the period, net of tax $46
238
Total comprehensive income
Balance, March 31, 2001
Balance, December 31, 2001
Net unrealized holding loss on securities arising during the period, net of tax $277
(172
650
(8
Warrant exercises (63 shares)
349
Benefit plans (5 shares)
33
Balance, March 31, 2002
4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the three months endedMarch 31,
Operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization
355
240
Net gain on sale of securities
(34
Gain on sale of SBA loans held for sale
(784
(402
Gain on sale of premises and equipment
(2
Origination of SBA loans held for sale
(6,875
(7,563
Proceeds from the sale of SBA loans
11,099
6,107
Net change in other assets and liabilities
2,056
Net cash provided by operating activities
5,414
680
Investing activities:
Purchases of securities held to maturity
(3,026
(1,012
Purchases of securities available for sale
(7,890
(19,337
Maturities and principal payments on securities held to maturity
1,961
8,374
Maturities and principal payments on securities available for sale
9,407
3,618
Proceeds from sale of securities available for sale
302
Purchase of loans
(3,373
Net (increase) decrease in loans
(7,709
3,892
Purchases in premises and equipment
(29
(4
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment
(12
Net cash used in investing activities
(10,659
(4,179
Financing activities:
Increase in deposits
13,823
10,770
(Decrease) Increase in borrowings
(22
16
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
Dividends on preferred stock
Net cash provided by financing activities
14,175
10,786
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
8,930
7,287
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
45,240
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
25,762
52,527
Supplemental disclosures:
Cash:
Interest paid
2,072
3,142
Non-Cash investing activities:
Transfer of loan to Other Real Estate Owned
140
5
March 31, 2002
NOTE 1. Organization and principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unity Bancorp, Inc. (the Parent Company) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Unity Bank (the Bank, or when consolidated with the Parent Company, the Company), and reflect all adjustments and disclosures which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of interim results. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years amounts to conform to the current year presentation. The financial information has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and has not been audited. In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the dates of the statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant changes related to the determination of the allowance for loan losses. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions in the market. The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2002 are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year. As used in this Form 10-Q, we and us and our refer to Unity Bancorp, Inc and its consolidated subsidiary, Unity Bank, depending on the context. Interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2001 included in the Companys annual report on Form 10-K.
NOTE 2. Litigation
The Company may, in the ordinary course of business become a party to litigation involving collection matters, contract claims and other legal proceedings relating to the conduct of its business. The company does not believe that any existing legal claims or proceedings will have a material impact on the Companys financial position, or results of operations.
NOTE 3. Net income (loss) per common share
The following is a reconciliation of the calculation of basic net income (loss) per common share. Basic net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per common share is computed similarly to that of basic net income per common share, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all potentially dilutive common shares were issued during the reporting period. As of March 31, 2002 the Company had 1.0 million common stock warrants exercisable at $5.50 per share which expire in October 2002. The Company believes that the majority of these warrants will be exercised.
Three Months ended March 31,
0.00
NOTE 4. Recent accounting pronouncements
On October 3, 2001, The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. While SFAS No. 144 Supersedes SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of, it retains many of the fundamental provisions of that statement. The Statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The initial adoption of SFAS No. 144 did not have a significant impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
In August, 2001,the FASB issued SFAS No. 143 Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, which addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. SFAS No. 143 requires an enterprise to record the fair value of an asset retirement obligation as a liability in the period in which it incurs a legal obligation associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets. The Company is required to adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 143 for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002. The Company does not anticipate that SFAS No. 143 will significantly impact the Companys consolidated financial statements.
On July 20, 2001, the FASB issued Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Statement 142 requires that goodwill and any intangible asset determined to have an indefinite useful life that are acquired in a purchase business combination completed after June 30, 2001 will not be amortized, but will continue to be evaluated for impairment in accordance with the appropriate pre-Statement 142 accounting literature. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in business combinations completed before July 1, 2001 will continue to be amortized prior to the adoption of Statement 142. The Company adopted Statement 142 effective January 1, 2002. The Company currently has no recorded goodwill or intangible assets and the initial adoption of Statement 142 had no impact the Companys consolidated financial statements.
7
Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes. When necessary, reclassifications have been made to prior period data throughout the following discussion and analysis for purposes of comparability. This Form 10-Q contains certain forward looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which may be identified by the use of such words as believe, expect, anticipate, should, planned, estimated and potential. Examples of forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, estimates with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of Unity Bancorp, Inc. that are subject to various factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from these estimates. These factors include: changes in general, economic, and market conditions, legislative and regulatory conditions, or the development of an interest rate environment that adversely affects Unity Bancorp, Inc.s interest rate spread or other income anticipated from operations and investments.
Overview and Strategy
Unity Bancorp, Inc. (the Parent Company) is incorporated in Delaware and is a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. Its wholly owned subsidiary, Unity Bank (the Bank or, when consolidated with the Parent Company, the Company) is charted by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance. The Bank provides a full range of commercial and retail banking services through the internet and 12 branch offices located in Hunterdon, Somerset, Middlesex, and Union counties in New Jersey. These services include the acceptance of demand, savings, and time deposits; extension of consumer, real estate, Small Business Administration and other commercial credits, as well as personal investment advisory services through the Banks wholly owned subsidiary, Unity Financial Services, Inc. Unity Investment Company, Inc. is also a wholly owned subsidiary of the Bank, used to hold part of the Banks investment portfolio.
In 1999, the Company incurred losses causing the Bank and the Companys capital ratios to fall below levels required under federal regulation. Due to continued losses in 2000, the Bank and the Company entered into stipulations and agreements with each of their respective regulators on July 18, 2000. As a result of the improvement in the Companys financial condition and capital ratios, in the first quarter of 2002, the regulators lifted all agreements with the Bank and the Company. As a result of the lifting of the agreements, the Bank and the Company are no longer prohibited from paying dividends.
Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2002
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2002 was $822 thousand compared to a net income of $128 thousand for the same period in 2001. After consideration of the preferred stock dividends, net income to common shareholders was $814 thousand, or $0.16 per basic share and $0.15 per diluted share, compared to a loss of $1 thousand, or $0.00 per basic and diluted share for the same period a year ago. The improved operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2002, were primarily the result of increased non-interest and net interest income. The following are key performance indicators for the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001.
Net income per common share - basic
Net income per common share - diluted
Return on average assets
0.87
%
Return on average common equity
13.19
(0.02
Efficiency ratio
66.15
92.57
Consolidated Average Balance Sheets with resultant Interest and Rates
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2001
Balance
Interest
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks
7,675
1.59
33,257
5.54
Securities available for sale
57,483
5.50
42,467
6.19
Securities held to maturity
20,773
6.41
31,852
5.94
78,256
5.75
74,319
6.08
Loans, net of unearned discount:
53,795
6.68
32,221
10.56
123,553
7.43
85,992
8.89
Residential mortgage
71,354
5.85
76,851
5.93
Consumer
26,524
5.95
28,991
7.79
275,226
6.73
224,055
7.97
Total interest-earning assets
361,157
331,631
7.30
Noninterest-earning assets:
14,616
11,017
Less: Allowance for loan losses
3,347
2,633
12,018
14,204
Total noninterest-earning assets
23,287
22,588
Total Assets
384,444
354,219
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing checking
127,986
1.81
103,501
3.81
32,058
2.11
30,373
2.38
123,085
3.89
132,962
6.12
Total interest-bearing deposits
283,129
2.75
266,836
4.80
Other borrowed funds
14,023
5.70
12,902
6.13
Total interest-bearing liabilities
297,152
2.89
279,738
4.86
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits
60,468
51,896
Other liabilities
1,516
1,225
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities
61,984
53,121
25,308
21,360
Net interest spread
3.52
2.44
Net interest margin
4.02
3.21
9
Net Interest Income
Interest income was $5.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to $6.0 million a year ago. Interest-earning assets averaged $361.2 million, an increase of $29.6 million, or 8.9 percent, compared to the prior year period. The increase in average earning assets was primarily as a result of the growth in commercial and SBA loans. The rate earned on interest-earning assets decreased 89 basis points to 6.41 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to the same period a year ago, primarily due to the lower rate environment. Of the $268 thousand decline in interest income, $1.1 million can be attributed to the reduction in yield, partially offset by $854 thousand increase due to the growth in interest earning assets.
Interest expense decreased $1.2 million or 36.8 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to the same period a year ago. Interest-bearing liabilities averaged $297.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, an increase of $17.4 million or 6.2 percent compared to the prior year period. The increases in average interest bearing liabilities can be attributed to an increase in interest-bearing demand deposits. The rate paid on interest bearing liabilities decreased 197 basis points to 2.89 percent. The majority of the $1.2 million decline in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2002 was related to the reduction in the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Total interest-bearing deposits were $283.1 million, an increase of $16.3 million from the same period a year ago. The rate paid on interest bearing deposits was 2.75 percent for the quarter ended March 31, 2002, a decrease of 205 basis points from the same period a year ago. The decrease in rate was due to the run off of higher promotional rate time deposits and the lower interest rate environment.
Net interest income was $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, an increase of $967 thousand or 36.3 percent from the same period a year ago. The increase in net interest income was a result of an increased spread and margin. The net interest spread (the difference between the rate earned on average interest-earning assets and the rate paid on average interest-bearing liabilities) was 3.52 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to 2.44 for the same period a year ago. Net interest margin (net interest income as a percentage of average interest earning assets) was 4.02 percent for the quarter compared to 3.21 percent for the same period a year ago.
The rate volume table below presents an analysis of the impact on interest income and expense resulting from changes in average volume and rates over the periods presented. Changes that are due to both volume and rate variances have been allocated proportionally to both, based on their relative absolute values.
Rate Volume Table
Amount of Increase (Decrease)
Three months ended March 31, 2002Versus March 31, 2001
Due to change in:
Volume
Total
Interest Income
725
(347
378
435
(387
48
(81
(15
(96
(44
(124
(168
Total Loans
1,035
(873
162
Other earning assets:
Available for sale securities
213
(79
Held to maturity securities
(174
(140
Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits
(220
(204
(424
Total Interest-income
854
(1,122
(268
Interest expense
Deposits:
192
(593
(401
11
(11
(685
(825
Total Interest Bearing Deposits
63
(1,300
(1,237
(14
Total Interest-expense
79
(1,314
(1,235
Increase in net interest income
775
967
10
Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses totaled $600 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2002, an increase of $450 thousand, compared with $150 thousand for the same period a year ago. The increase was primarily attributable to the increased charge offs (primarily third party lease loans), the increase and change in the composition of the loan portfolio, the specific and general reserve factors used to determine reserve levels on certain types of loans, the analysis of the estimated potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio based upon the review of particular loans, the credit worthiness of particular borrowers, and general economic conditions. The provision is based on managements assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, described under the section titled Allowance for Loan Losses. As such the current provision is appropriate under the assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.
Non-Interest Income
Non-interest income categories for the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001 are shown in the following table:
Three months ended March 31,
PercentChange
4.9
21.0
Net gains on SBA loan sales
95.0
N/M
285.0
62.9
Non-interest income consists of service charges on deposits, loan and servicing fees, gains on sales of SBA loans and securities, and other income. Non-interest income was $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, an increase of $730 thousand compared with the same period a year ago.
Deposit service charges increased $16 thousand or 4.9 percent compared to the same period a year ago. Deposit service charges increased as a result of increased fees and the growth in the deposit base.
Loan and servicing fees increased $61 thousand, or 21.0 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002. The growth in loan and servicing fees for the three months ended can be attributed to the growth of the serviced SBA loan portfolio, which amounted to $106.5 million at March 31, 2002, compared to $90.0 million at March 31, 2001.
Net gains on loan sales include participation in the SBAs guaranteed loan program. Under the program, the SBA guarantees up to 85 percent of the principal of a qualifying loan. The guaranteed portion of the loan is then sold into the secondary market. The premium received on the sale of the loans sold is recorded as a gain on the sale. SBA loan sales, all without recourse, totaled $10.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to $5.7 million for the same period a year ago. Gains on SBA loan sales were $784 thousand compared to $402 thousand for the same period a year ago. The increase in gains on the sale of SBA loans is a result of the increase of SBA loans being sold and higher premiums.
Other non-interest income increased by $305 thousand to $412 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared with $107 thousand the same period a year ago. The increase was primarily due to an increase in commercial loan referral fees which amounted to $297 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to $28 thousand for the same period a year ago.
Non-Interest Expense
Non-Interest expense categories for the three month periods ended March 31, 2002 and 2001 are shown in the following table:
11.1
(1.2
6.0
8.4
Professional services
(26.1
(83.0
(10.7
Other expense
54.0
3.2
Compensation and benefits expense increased 11.1 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to the same period a year ago. The increase in compensation and benefits was a result of merit increases effective January 1, 2002 and compensation incentives not included in 2001. As of March 31, 2002 there were 144 employees compared to 151 for the same period a year ago.
Occupancy expense decreased 1.2 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to the same period a year ago primarily related to lower maintenance costs.
Processing and communications expense increased 6.0 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to the same period a year ago primarily as a result of higher items processing costs related to the growth in the deposit and loan portfolios.
Furniture and equipment expense increased 8.4 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to the same period a year ago primarily related to higher depreciation costs.
Professional fees decreased 26.1 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to the same period a year ago due to reduced legal and accounting costs as the Company is no longer under a regulatory order.
Deposit insurance decreased 83.0 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to the same period a year ago due to an improved insurance assessment related to the Companys improved financial condition.
Loan servicing expense decreased 10.7 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to the same period a year ago primarily related to lower legal costs related to loan collections.
Other expense increased 54.0 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to the same period a year ago primarily related to higher advertising costs.
Income Tax Expense
For the first quarter of 2002, the provision for income taxes was $447 thousand compared to $6 thousand for the same period a year ago. In 2001, the Company reversed the tax valuation reserves to substantially offset tax expense. The current 2002 tax provision represents an effective tax rate of 35%. Management anticipates an effective rate of 35 percent for the remainder of 2002.
Financial Condition at March 31, 2002
Total assets at March 31, 2002, were $394.2 million compared to $367.0 million a year ago and $379.2 million at year-end 2001. The increases in assets were the result of deposit generation used to fund loan growth and investments in securities.
Securities
Securities available for sale are investments carried at fair value that may be sold in response to changing market and interest rate conditions or for other business purposes. Securities held to maturity, which are carried at amortized cost, are investments for which there is the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. Management determines the appropriate security classification of available for sale or held to maturity at the time of purchase. The investment
12
securities portfolio is maintained for asset-liability management purposes, as an additional source of liquidity, and as an additional source of earnings. The portfolio is comprised of U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. Government and government sponsored agencies, collateralized mortgage obligations and corporate and equity securities. Approximately 86 percent of the total investment portfolio has a fixed rate of interest. In the normal course of business, the Company accepts government deposits that require investment securities to be held as collateral. As of March 31, 2002, $12.6 million of securities were required to be pledged for governmental deposits.
Securities available for sale were $58.0 million at March 31, 2002, a decrease of $1.8 million, or 3.0 percent from year-end 2001. During the first three months of 2002, $7.9 million of securities available for sale were purchased, funded by $9.4 million of maturities and paydowns. The yield on securities available for sale was 5.50 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002, compared to 6.19 percent a year ago, reflecting declines in market rates of interest.
Securities held to maturity were $22.0 million at March 31, 2002, an increase of $1.1 million or 5.1 percent from year-end 2001. During the first three months of 2002, $3.0 million of held to maturity securities were purchased and primarily funded by $2.0 million of maturities and paydowns. The yield on securities held to maturity was 6.41 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to 5.94 for the same period a year ago, reflecting the maturity of lower yielding investments and the purchase of higher yielding instruments. As of March 31, 2002, and December 31, 2001 the market value of held to maturity securities was $22.0 million and $21.1 million, respectively.
Loan Portfolio
The loan portfolio, which represents the Companys largest asset group, is a significant source of both interest and fee income. The portfolio consists of commercial, Small Business Administration (SBA), residential mortgage and consumer loans. Elements of the loan portfolio are subject to differing levels of credit and interest rate risk. Loans increased $7.0 million, or 2.6 percent to $279.6 million at March 31, 2002, from year-end 2001.
SBA loans provide guarantees up to 85 percent of the principal from the SBA. SBA loans are generally sold in the secondary market with the non-guaranteed portion held in the portfolio. SBA loans amounted to $37.8 million at March 31, 2002, an increase of $2.1 million from year-end 2001. SBA loans held for sale, carried at the lower of aggregate cost or market, amounted to $14.3 million at March 31, 2002, a decrease of $3.4 million from year-end 2001. The SBA held for sale portfolio decreased due to the increased volume of loan sales. SBA loans are often originated outside of the Companys market place. The yield on SBA loan was 6.68 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to 10.56 percent for the same period a year ago.
Commercial loans are generally made in the Companys market place for the purpose of providing working capital, financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate and for other business purposes. These loans amounted to $131.5 million at March 31, 2002, an increase of $12.2 million or 10.3 percent from year-end 2001. The increase in the portfolio was a result of new originations exceeding prepayments. Included in commercial loans as of March 31, 2002 are $2.9 million of commercial leases. The Company no longer finances commercial leases. The yield on commercial loans was 7.43 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to 8.89 percent for the same period a year ago.
Residential mortgage loans consist of loans secured by residential properties. These loans amounted to $69.8 million at March 31, 2002, a decrease of $3.4 million from year-end 2001. The decrease in residential mortgages was a result of pay-downs in the portfolio partially offset by purchases totaling $3.3 million. The Company does not originate a material amount of mortgage loans held for investment. The yield on residential mortgages was 5.85 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to 5.93 percent for the same period a year ago.
Consumer loans consist of home equity loans and loans for the purpose of financing the purchase of consumer goods, home improvements, and other personal needs, and are generally secured by the personal property being purchased. These loans amounted to $26.2 million at March 31, 2002 a decrease of $0.4 million from year-end December 2001. The decrease in the consumer loan portfolio was primarily the result of loan pay-downs. The yield on consumer loans was 5.95 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2002 compared to 7.79 percent for the same period a year ago.
The declines in yield throughout the loan portfolio reflect the declining interest rate environment in 2001.
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Asset Quality
Inherent in the lending function is the possibility a customer may not perform in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. A borrowers inability to pay its obligations according to the contractual terms can create the risk of past due loans and ultimately credit losses, especially on collateral deficient loans.
Non-performing loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (non-accrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the collectibility of principal and interest according to the contractual terms is in doubt. When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, interest accruals discontinue and all past due interest previously recognized as income is reversed and charged against current period income. Generally, until the loan becomes current, any payments received from the borrower are applied to outstanding principal until such time as management determines that the financial condition of the borrower and other factors merit recognition of a portion of such payments as interest income. Loans past due 90 days and still accruing interest are not included in non-performing loans. Management has evaluated the loans past due 90 days or greater and still accruing interest and determined that they are well collateralized and in the process of collection. The majority of loans 90 days past due and still accruing interest are loans where customers continue to make the monthly principal and interest payments, however, the loans have matured and are pending renewal.
Credit risk is minimized by loan diversification and adhering to credit administration policies and procedures. Due diligence on loans begins upon the origination of a loan with a borrower. Documentation, including a borrowers credit history, materials establishing the value and liquidity of potential collateral, the purpose of the loan, the source of funds for repayment of the loan, and other factors are analyzed before a loan is submitted for approval. The loan portfolio is then subject to ongoing internal reviews for credit quality.
The following table sets forth information concerning non-accrual loans and non-performing assets at March 31, 2002 and 2001, and December 31, 2001:
Non-performing loans(In thousands)
December 31, 2001
Non-performing loans
1,991
2,015
1,962
989
1,234
186
180
Total non-performing loans
2,612
3,184
3,376
OREO
194
258
427
Total Non-Performing Assets
2,806
3,442
3,803
Past Due 90 days or more and still accruing interest
2,322
74
56
14
Total accruing loans 90 days or more past due
84
69
2,339
Non-Performing assets to total assets
0.71
0.91
1.04
Non-Performing assets to loans and OREO
1.00
1.26
1.69
Allowance for loans losses as a percentage of non-performing loans
121.75
99.40
75.53
Allowance for loan losses to total loans
1.14
1.16
Non-performing loans amounted to $2.6 million at March 31, 2002, a decrease of $572 thousand from $3.2 million at year-end 2001. Included in non-accrual loans at March 31, 2002 are $1.2 million of loans guaranteed by the SBA. Loans past due 90 days or more were $84 thousand at March 31, 2002.
Potential problem loans are those where information about possible credit problems of borrowers causes management to have doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with loan repayment terms. These loans are not included in non-performing loans as they continue to perform. Potential problem loans, which consist primarily of commercial loans, were $1.5 million at March 31, 2002 and $0.3 million at December 31, 2001. Subsequent to the close of the first quarter a loan participation of $1.1 million was included in potential problem loans as of March 31, 2002, where the borrower defaulted on the terms of the loan agreement. The $1.1 million loan is secured by a payment bond issued by a surety company unrelated to the borrower. The bond issuer was notified of this development, and payment has been demanded.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The determination of the adequacy of allowance for loan losses is a critical accounting policy of the Company and is maintained at a level deemed sufficient by management to absorb estimated credit losses as of the balance sheet date. Management utilizes a standardized methodology to assess the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. This process consists of the identification of specific reserves for identified problem loans based on loan grades and the calculation of general reserves based on minimum reserve levels by loan type. Risks within the loan portfolio are analyzed on a continuous basis by management, and periodically by an independent credit review function and by the audit committee. A risk system, consisting of multiple grading categories, is utilized as an analytical tool to assess risk and to quantify the appropriate level of loss reserves. Along with the risk system, management further evaluates risk characteristics of the loan portfolio under current economic conditions and considers such factors as the financial condition of the borrowers, past and expected loss experience based upon current conditions in the portfolio, and other factors management feels deserve recognition in establishing an adequate reserve. This risk assessment process, which includes the determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, is performed at least quarterly, and, as adjustments become necessary, they are realized in the periods in which they become known.
Provisions charged to expense increase the allowance and the allowance is reduced by net charge-offs. Although management attempts to maintain the allowance at a level deemed adequate to provide for potential losses, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based upon certain factors including obtaining updated financial information about the borrowers financial condition and changes in market conditions. In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. These agencies have in the past and may in the future require the Bank to make additional adjustments based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.
The allowance for loan losses totaled $3.2 million, and $2.6 million at March 31, 2002, and March 31, 2001, respectively with resulting allowance to total loan ratios of 1.14 percent for both periods. The allowance for loan losses totaled $3.2 million for December 31, 2001 with a resulting allowance to loans of 1.16 percent.
The following is a summary of the allowance for loan losses the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2001:
Allowance for Loan Loss Activity
Balance, beginning of period
2,558
Provision charged to expense
3,765
2,708
Charge-offs:
45
544
70
Total Charge-offs
614
188
Recoveries:
27
15
Total recoveries
29
Total net charge-offs
585
158
Balance, end of period
Selected loan quality ratios:
Net charge offs to average loans (quarter to date)
0.86
0.29
Allowance for loan losses to:
Total loans at period end
Deposits, which include non-interest and interest-bearing deposits, are the primary source of the Companys funds. The Company offers a variety of products designed to attract and retain both retail and commercial customers.
For the three months ended March 31, 2002, the Company realized continued growth in core deposits. This growth was achieved through emphasis on customer service, competitive rate structures and selective marketing through the Companys twelve branch network. The Companys objective is to establish a comprehensive relationship with personal and business borrowers, seeking deposits as well as lending relationships.
Total deposits increased $13.8 million to $353.8 million at March 31, 2002 from $340.0 million at December 31, 2001. The increase in deposits was primarily the result of a $15.3 million increase in interest bearing checking and $1.2 million in savings, partially offset by a decline in demand deposits. Included in time deposits at March 31, 2002 are $18.9 million of Government deposits, compared to $19.9 million at December 31, 2001. These deposits are generally a short-term funding source, and are subject to price competition.
Other Debt
Other debt, which includes $10.0 million in advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB), and $2.8 million of lease obligations, amounted to $12.8 million at March 31, 2002, a decline of $22 thousand from year-end 2001. The 4.92% borrowings from the FHLB mature in 2010 and are callable at any time.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
The principal objectives of the asset and liability management function are to establish prudent risk management guidelines, evaluate and control the level of interest rate risk in balance sheet accounts, determine the level of appropriate risk given the business focus, operating environment, capital, and liquidity requirements, and actively manage risk within the Board approved guidelines. The Company seeks to reduce the vulnerability of the operations to changes in interest rates, and actions in this regard are taken under the guidance of the Asset/Liability Management Committee (ALCO) of the Board of Directors. The ALCO reviews the maturities and repricing of loans, investments, deposits and borrowings, cash flow needs, current market conditions, and interest rate levels.
The Company utilizes Modified Duration of Equity and Economic Value of Portfolio Equity (EVPE) models to measure the impact of longer-term asset and liability mismatches beyond two years. The modified duration of equity measures the potential price risk of equity to changes in interest rates. A longer modified duration of equity indicates a greater degree of risk to rising interest rates. Because of balance sheet optionality, an EVPE analysis is also used to dynamically model the present value of asset and liability cash flows, with rate shocks of 200 basis points. The economic value of equity is likely to be different as interest rates change. Like the simulation model, results falling outside prescribed ranges require action by the ALCO. The Companys variance in the economic value of equity, as a percentage of assets with rate shocks of 200 basis points at March 31 2002, is a decline of 1.5 percent in a rising rate environment and an increase of 0.1 percent in a falling rate environment. Both variances are within the board-approved guidelines of +/- 3.00 percent. At December 31, 2001 the economic value of equity with rate shocks of 200 basis points was a decline of 1.4 percent in a rising rate environment and an increase of 0.1 percent in a falling rate environment.
Operating, Investing, and Financing Cash
Cash and cash equivalents amounted to $25.8 million at March 31, 2002, an increase of $8.9 million from December 31, 2001. Net cash used by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2002, amounted to $5.4 million, primarily from proceeds from the sales of loans held for sale, net income from operations and the provision for loan losses partially offset by originations of loans held for sale. Net cash used in investing activities amounted to $10.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, primarily from the funding of and purchases in the loan portfolio, increased investment in securities, partially offset by maturities of securities. Net cash provided by financing activities, amounted to $14.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002, attributable to deposit growth of $13.8 million and the proceeds from the issuance of common stock.
Liquidity
The Companys liquidity is a measure of its ability to fund loans, withdrawals or maturities of deposits and other cash outflows in a cost-effective manner.
Holding Company
The principal source for funds for the holding company is dividends paid by the Bank. At March 31, 2002, the Holding Company had $1.1 million in cash and $120 thousand in marketable securities. Expenses at the Holding Company are minimal and the management believes that the Holding Company has adequate liquidity.
Consolidated Bank
Liquidity is a measure of the ability to fund loans, withdrawals or maturities of deposits and other cash outflows in a cost-effective manner. The principal sources of funds are deposits, scheduled amortization and repayments of loan principal, sales and maturities of investment securities and funds provided by operations. While scheduled loan payments and maturing investments are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.
At March 31, 2002, $7.1 million was available for additional borrowings from the FHLB of New York. Pledging additional collateral in the form of 1-4 family residential mortgages or investment securities can increase the line with the FHLB. The maximum borrowing line available if additional collateral was pledged as of March 31, 2002 amounted to $53.5 million. An additional source of liquidity is Federal Funds sold, which were $12.0 million at March 31, 2002.
As of March 31, 2002, deposits included $32.6 million of Government deposits, as compared to $33.2 million at December 31, 2001. These deposits are generally short in duration, and are sensitive to price competition. The Company has reduced its reliance on these deposits as a source of funds, and believes the current portfolio of these deposits to be appropriate. Included in the portfolio are $31.9 million of deposits from three municipalities. The withdrawal of these deposits, in whole or in part would not create a liquidity shortfall for the Company. At March 31, 2002, the Bank had approximately $117.8 million of loan commitments, which will generally either expire or be funded within one year. The Company believes it has the necessary liquidity to honor all commitments. Many of these commitments will expire and never be funded. In addition, approximately $37.0 million of these commitments are for SBA loans, which may be sold into the secondary market.
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Capital
A significant measure of the strength of a financial institution is its capital base. Federal regulators have classified and defined capital into the following components: (1) tier 1 capital, which includes tangible shareholders equity for common stock and qualifying preferred stock, and (2) tier 2 capital, which includes a portion of the allowance for loan losses, certain qualifying long-term debt and preferred stock which does not qualify for tier 1 capital. Minimum capital levels are regulated by risk-based capital adequacy guidelines, which require a bank to maintain certain capital as a percent of assets, and certain off-balance sheet items adjusted for predefined credit risk factors (risk-adjusted assets). A bank is required to maintain, at a minimum, tier 1 capital as a percentage of risk-adjusted assets of 4.0 percent and combined tier 1 and tier 2 capital as a percentage of risk-adjusted assets of 8.0 percent.
In addition to the risk-based guidelines, regulators require that a bank which meets the regulators highest performance and operation standards maintain a minimum leverage ratio (tier 1 capital as a percentage of tangible assets) of 4 percent. For those banks with higher levels of risk or that are experiencing or anticipating significant growth, the minimum leverage ratio will be proportionately increased. Minimum leverage ratios for each bank are evaluated through the ongoing regulatory examination process.
The Companys capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table.
To Be Well Capitalized
Actual
For CapitalAdequacy Purposes
Under Prompt Corrective ActionProvisions
Amount
Ratio
As of March 31, 2002-
Leverage Ratio
25,982
6.76
³
15,372
4.00
19,215
5.00
Tier I risk-based ratio
9.49
10,951
16,426
6.00
Total risk-based ratio
29,162
10.65
21,901
8.00
27,376
10.00
As of December 31, 2001-
24,786
6.62
14,977
18,721
9.53
10,405
15,607
27,951
10.75
20,810
26,012
The Banks capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table.
For Capital Adequacy Purposes
Under Prompt Corrective ActioProvisions
24,710
6.44
15,338
19,172
9.04
10,933
16,399
27,890
10.20
21,865
27,332
Leverage Ratio (a)
23,384
6.25
14,970
18,713
9.00
10,394
15,591
26,549
10.22
20,788
25,986
(a) In connection with the branch expansion the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance imposed a tier 1 capital to total assets ratio of 6%.
Shareholders Equity
Shareholders equity increased $1.0 million, or 4.1 percent, to $25.9 million at March 31, 2002 compared to $24.8 million at December 31, 2001. This increase was the result of the $822 thousand net income and $382 thousand from the exercise of common stock warrants and employee stock plans, partially offset by a $172 thousand increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss. As of March 31, 2002 the Company had 1.0 million common stock warrants exercisable at $5.50 per share which expire in October 2002. The Company believes that the majority of these warrants will be exercised.
18
Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices
The financial statements and notes thereto, presented elsewhere herein, have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the change in the relative purchasing power of money over time and due to inflation. The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of the operations. Unlike most industrial companies, nearly all the Companys assets and liabilities are monetary. As a result, interest rates have a greater impact on performance than do the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.
Looking ahead
This report contains certain forward-looking statements; either expressed or implied, which are provided to assist the reader to understand anticipated future financial performance. These forward-looking statements involve certain risks, uncertainties, estimates and assumptions made by management. Factors that may cause actual results to differ from those results expressed or implied include, but are not limited to, the interest rate environment and the overall economy, the ability of customers to repay their obligations, the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, including realizable collateral valuations, charge offs and recoveries, competition and technological changes. Although management has taken certain steps to mitigate any negative effect of the above-mentioned items, significant unfavorable changes could severely impact the assumptions used and have an adverse affect on profitability.
ITEM III Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
During 2002, there have been no significant changes in the Companys assessment of market risk as reported in Item 6 of the Companys Form 10-K. See the interest rate sensitivity in Managements discussion and analysis.
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds - - None
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities - None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders None
Item 5. Other Information None
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits Not applicable
(b) Reports of form 8-K - None
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.
UNITY BANCORP, INC.
Dated: May 15, 2002
By:/s/
JAMES A. HUGHES
JAMES A. HUGHES,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
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