Companies: 10,838     total market cap: โ‚ฌ127.322 T
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Independent Bank Corp.
INDB
#3663
Rank
โ‚ฌ3.27 B
Marketcap
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
Country
67,92ย โ‚ฌ
Share price
0.20%
Change (1 day)
28.27%
Change (1 year)
๐Ÿฆ Banks๐Ÿ’ณ Financial services
Categories
  1. Independent Bank Corp.
  2. Quarterly Reports (10-Q)
  3. Submitted on 2026-05-06

Independent Bank Corp. - 10-Q quarterly report FY


Text size:
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
___________________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
___________________________________________________
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026
or
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number:1-9047
___________________________________________________
Independent Bank Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 ___________________________________________________
MA04-2870273
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
Office Address:2036 Washington Street,Hanover,MA02339
Mailing Address:288 Union Street,Rockland,MA02370
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(781) 878-6100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each ClassTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per shareINDBThe Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x    No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large Accelerated FilerxAccelerated Filer☐
Non-accelerated Filer☐Smaller Reporting Company☐
Emerging Growth Company☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)Yes☐No☒
As of May 4, 2026, there were 48,327,110 shares of the issuer’s common stock outstanding, par value $0.01 per share.




Table of Contents
 PAGE
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheets - March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
5
Consolidated Statements of Income - Three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
7
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income -Three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
8
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - Three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
9
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
10
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - March 31, 2026
Note 1 - Basis of Presentation
12
Note 2 - Recent Accounting Standards Updates
12
Note 3 - Securities
13
Note 4 - Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality
17
Note 5 - Stock Based Compensation
25
Note 6 - Derivative and Hedging Activities
26
Note 7 - Fair Value Measurements
32
Note 8 - Revenue Recognition
39
Note 9 - Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
40
Note 10 - Commitments and Contingencies
41
Note 11 - Segment Information
42
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
43
Table 1 - Closed Residential Real Estate Loans
50
Table 2 - Residential Mortgage Loan Sales
50
Table 3 - Mortgage Servicing Asset
51
Table 4 - Non-performing Assets
56
Table 5 - Activity in Non-performing Assets
56
Table 6 - Summary of Net Charge-Offs/(Recoveries) to Average Loans Outstanding
58
Table 7 - Summary of Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses
59
Table 8 - Company and Bank’s Capital Amounts and Ratios
62
Table 9 - Assets Under Administration
63
Table 10 - Summary of Results of Operations
64
Table 11 - Average Balance, Interest Earned/Paid & Average Yields Quarter-to-Date
65
Table 12 - Volume Rate Analysis
67
Table 13 - Non-interest Income
68
Table 14- Non-interest Expense
69
Table 15 - Tax Provision and Applicable Tax Rates
70
Table 16 - Liquidity Sources
72
Table 17 - Interest Rate Sensitivity
73




.
3
4


PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

INDEPENDENT BANK CORP.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited—Dollars in thousands)
 
March 31
2026		December 31
2025
Assets
Cash and due from banks$223,291 $229,770 
Interest-earning deposits with banks505,687 542,132 
Securities
Trading5,525 4,720 
Equity21,518 21,581 
Available for sale (amortized cost $2,148,222 and $2,051,822)
2,088,365 2,004,247 
Held to maturity (fair value $1,166,302 and $1,190,733)
1,256,566 1,279,027 
Total securities3,371,974 3,309,575 
Loans held for sale (at fair value)16,758 35,909 
Loans
Commercial and industrial4,651,453 4,611,789 
Commercial real estate8,181,340 8,275,408 
Commercial construction1,403,613 1,399,193 
Residential real estate2,842,144 2,873,443 
Home equity1,307,746 1,297,662 
Other consumer39,182 46,282 
   Total loans18,425,478 18,503,777 
Less: allowance for credit losses(190,560)(189,877)
Net loans18,234,918 18,313,900 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock17,752 21,835 
Bank premises and equipment, net217,695 218,190 
Goodwill1,090,610 1,090,610 
Other intangible assets126,687 133,576 
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies380,423 378,576 
Other assets 597,785 638,823 
Total assets$24,783,580 $24,912,896 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Deposits
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits$5,633,079 $5,600,955 
Savings and interest checking accounts6,310,870 6,482,970 
Money market4,898,267 4,774,645 
Time certificates of deposit3,255,294 3,268,220 
Total deposits20,097,510 20,126,790 
Borrowings
Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings316,734 416,549 
Line of credit (less unamortized debt issuance costs of $31 and $47)
99,969 49,953 
Junior subordinated debentures (less unamortized debt issuance costs of $25 and $26)
62,863 62,862 
5
Subordinated debentures (less unamortized debt issuance costs of $3,310 and $3,517)
296,690 296,483 
Total borrowings776,256 825,847 
Other liabilities367,773 394,531 
Total liabilities21,241,539 21,347,168 
Commitments and contingencies— — 
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, authorized: 1,000,000 shares, outstanding: none
— — 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized: 75,000,000 shares,
issued and outstanding: 48,572,237 shares at March 31, 2026 and 49,243,813 shares at December 31, 2025 (includes 297,143 and 254,359 shares of unvested participating restricted stock awards, respectively)
483 490 
Value of shares held in rabbi trust at cost: 77,307 shares at March 31, 2026 and 75,247 shares at December 31, 2025
(3,622)(3,452)
Deferred compensation and other retirement benefit obligations3,622 3,452 
Additional paid in capital2,272,910 2,335,879 
Retained earnings1,317,946 1,269,113 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax(49,298)(39,754)
Total stockholders’ equity3,542,041 3,565,728 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$24,783,580 $24,912,896 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6


INDEPENDENT BANK CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited—Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Three Months Ended
March 31
 20262025
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans$260,982 $195,093 
Taxable interest and dividends on securities25,260 15,296 
Non-taxable interest and dividends on securities114 1 
Interest on loans held for sale252 92 
Interest on federal funds sold and short-term investments3,657 1,438 
Total interest and dividend income290,265 211,920 
Interest expense
Interest on deposits66,935 59,436 
Interest on borrowings10,871 6,979 
Total interest expense77,806 66,415 
Net interest income212,459 145,505 
Provision for credit losses5,500 15,000 
Net interest income after provision for credit losses206,959 130,505 
Non-interest income
Deposit account fees9,249 7,053 
Interchange and ATM fees5,018 4,622 
Investment management and advisory14,165 11,220 
Mortgage banking income1,270 741 
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies2,712 2,065 
Gain on life insurance benefits346 — 
Loan level derivative income910 1,042 
Other non-interest income6,592 5,796 
Total non-interest income40,262 32,539 
Non-interest expenses
Salaries and employee benefits80,737 61,931 
Occupancy and equipment expenses17,306 13,859 
Data processing and facilities management3,259 2,642 
Software and subscriptions7,068 5,027 
FDIC assessment3,328 2,988 
Debit card expense2,402 1,935 
Amortization of intangible assets6,890 1,344 
Merger and acquisition expense3,024 1,155 
Other non-interest expenses18,904 14,997 
Total non-interest expenses142,918 105,878 
Income before income taxes104,303 57,166 
Provision for income taxes24,384 12,742 
Net income$79,919 $44,424 
Basic earnings per share$1.63 $1.04 
Diluted earnings per share$1.63 $1.04 
Weighted average common shares (basic)48,970,060 42,550,274 
Common share equivalents29,685 22,353 
Weighted average common shares (diluted)48,999,745 42,572,627 
Cash dividends declared per common share$0.64 $0.59 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
7

INDEPENDENT BANK CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited—Dollars in thousands)
 
 Three Months Ended
March 31
 20262025
Net income$79,919 $44,424 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale(9,493)16,394 
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges(32)3,456 
Net change in other comprehensive income for defined benefit postretirement plans(19)(45)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income (9,544)19,805 
Total comprehensive income $70,375 $64,229 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.


8

INDEPENDENT BANK CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
(Unaudited—Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Common Stock OutstandingCommon StockValue of Shares Held in Rabbi 
Trust at Cost		Deferred Compensation ObligationAdditional Paid in CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total
Balance December 31, 202549,243,813$490 $(3,452)$3,452 $2,335,879 $1,269,113 $(39,754)$3,565,728 
Net income— — — — — 79,919 — 79,919 
Other comprehensive loss— — — — — — (9,544)(9,544)
Common dividend declared ($0.64 per share)
— — — — — (31,086)— (31,086)
Stock based compensation— — — — 2,315 — — 2,315 
Restricted stock awards issued, net of awards surrendered121,283 1 — — (2,131)— — (2,130)
Shares issued under direct stock purchase plan9,457 — — — 734 — — 734 
Shares repurchased under share repurchase program(802,316)(8)— — (63,887)— — (63,895)
Deferred compensation and other retirement benefit obligations— — (170)170 — — — — 
Balance March 31, 202648,572,237 $483 $(3,622)$3,622 $2,272,910 $1,317,946 $(49,298)$3,542,041 
Balance December 31, 202442,500,611 $423 $(3,383)$3,383 $1,909,980 $1,172,724 $(90,007)$2,993,120 
Net income— — — — — 44,424 — 44,424 
Other comprehensive income— — — — — — 19,805 19,805 
Common dividend declared ($0.59 per share)
— — — — — (25,140)— (25,140)
Stock based compensation— — — — 1,896 — — 1,896 
Restricted stock awards issued, net of awards surrendered100,430 1 — — (1,309)— — (1,308)
Shares issued under direct stock purchase plan9,230 — — — 595 — — 595 
Deferred compensation and other retirement benefit obligations— — (141)141 — — — — 
Balance March 31, 202542,610,271 $424 $(3,524)$3,524 $1,911,162 $1,192,008 $(70,202)$3,033,392 

9

INDEPENDENT BANK CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited—Dollars in thousands)
 
 Three Months Ended
March 31
20262025
Cash flow from operating activities
Net income$79,919 $44,424 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization10,208 10,292 
Change in unamortized net loan costs and fees(315)(338)
Net accretion of acquired loans(9,186)(410)
Provision for credit losses5,500 15,000 
Deferred income tax expense1,331 1,021 
Net gain on equity securities(25)(98)
Net loss on bank premises and equipment— 74 
Stock based compensation2,315 1,896 
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies(2,712)(2,065)
Gain on life insurance benefits(346)— 
Operating lease payments(3,955)(3,991)
Change in fair value on loans held for sale417 (57)
Net change in:
Trading assets(805)(571)
Loans held for sale18,734 (1,196)
Other assets36,522 (10,384)
Other liabilities(20,384)(40,255)
Total adjustments37,299 (31,082)
Net cash provided by operating activities117,218 13,342 
Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities
Purchases of equity securities(185)(179)
Proceeds from maturities and principal repayments of securities available for sale79,030 60,035 
Purchases of securities available for sale(168,446)(70,806)
Proceeds from maturities and principal repayments of securities held to maturity23,636 26,415 
Net decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank stock4,083 5,769 
Investments in low income housing projects(3,863)(15,333)
Purchases of life insurance policies— (47)
Proceeds from life insurance policies1,074 — 
Net decrease (increase) in loans82,983 (23,735)
Purchases of bank premises and equipment(5,604)(2,032)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities12,708 (19,913)
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
Net decrease in time deposits(12,926)(37,852)
Net (decrease) increase in other deposits(16,354)407,873 
Net repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings(99,786)(138,000)
Proceeds from line of credit, net of issuance costs50,000 — 
Proceeds from subordinated debentures, net of issuance costs— 296,491 
10
Restricted stock awards issued, net of awards surrendered(2,195)(1,351)
Proceeds from shares issued under direct stock purchase plan727 589 
Payments for shares repurchased under share repurchase program(63,261)— 
Common dividends paid(29,055)(24,225)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(172,850)503,525 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(42,924)496,954 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year771,902 219,890 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$728,978 $716,844 
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities
Net increase in capital commitments relating to low income housing project investments$— $10,223 
Recognition of operating lease at commencement and/or at extension$972 $793 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
11
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Independent Bank Corp. (the “Company”) is a state chartered, federally registered bank holding company, incorporated in 1985. The Company is the sole stockholder of Rockland Trust Company (“Rockland Trust” or the “Bank”), a Massachusetts trust company chartered in 1907.

All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements, primarily consisting of normal recurring adjustments, have been included. Results for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026 or any other interim period.

For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “2025 Form 10-K”).

NOTE 2 - RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS UPDATES

Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 815 “Derivatives and Hedging” Update No. 2025-09. Update No. 2025-09 was issued in November 2025 to clarify certain aspects of the guidance on hedge accounting and to address several incremental hedge accounting issues arising from the global reference rate reform initiative. The objective of this update is to more closely align hedge accounting with the economics of an entity’s risk management activities and to better reflect those strategies in financial reporting by enabling entities to achieve and maintain hedge accounting for highly effective economic hedges of forecasted transactions. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted on any date on or after the issuance of this update. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard and does not expect the adoption to have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.

FASB ASC Topic 326 “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Purchased Loans” Update No. 2025-08. Update No. 2025-08 was issued in November 2025 requires entities to apply the gross-up approach under Topic 326 to all “purchased seasoned loans.” According to the amendments in this update, purchased seasoned loans are loans (excluding purchased financial assets with credit deterioration, credit card receivables, debt securities and trade receivables) that are (1) acquired in a business combination, or (2) obtained through a transfer that is not a business combination or initially recognized through the consolidation of a variable interest entity, if certain seasoning criteria are met. A loan is considered seasoned if it is obtained more than 90 days after its origination date and the transferee was not involved in the origination. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption is permitted. This standard will be effective for the Company, on a prospective basis, for loans acquired on or after the adoption date. The Company does not expect the adoption to have an impact on the Company’s current financial statements.

FASB ASC Subtopic 220-40 “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures” Update No. 2024-03. Update No. 2024-03 was issued in November 2024 and requires disclosure, in the notes to financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses for both interim and annual reporting periods. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard and does not expect the adoption to have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.
12
NOTE 3 - SECURITIES
    
Trading Securities

The Company had trading securities of $5.5 million and $4.7 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. These securities are held in a rabbi trust and will be used for future payments associated with the Company’s non-qualified 401(k) Restoration Plan and Non-qualified Deferred Compensation Plan.

Equity Securities

The Company had equity securities of $21.5 million and $21.6 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. These securities consist primarily of mutual funds held in a rabbi trust and will be used for future payments associated with the Company’s supplemental executive retirement plans.

The following table represents a summary of the gains and losses recognized within non-interest income and non-interest expense within the Consolidated Statements of Income that relate to equity securities for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
March 31
20262025
Dollars in thousands
Net gains recognized during the period on equity securities$25 $98 
Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity securities sold during the period— 6 
Unrealized gains recognized during the reporting period on equity securities still held at the reporting date$25 $92 

Available for Sale Securities

The following table summarizes the amortized cost, allowance for credit losses, and fair value of available for sale securities and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at the dates indicated:
 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross Unrealized
Losses		Allowance for credit lossesFair
Value		Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross Unrealized
Losses		Allowance for credit lossesFair
Value
 (Dollars in thousands)
U.S. government agency securities$228,507 $— $(9,947)$— $218,560 $228,697 $— $(10,025)$— $218,672 
U.S. treasury securities435,551 — (13,195)— 422,356 485,388 32 (14,336)— 471,084 
Agency mortgage-backed securities944,915 1,909 (27,169)— 919,655 790,764 4,430 (22,231)— 772,963 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations267,747 202 (7,962)— 259,987 273,321 784 (4,529)— 269,576 
Municipal securities229,123 1,506 (184)— 230,445 230,052 3,056 (30)— 233,078 
Pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurers 1,120 — (76)— 1,044 1,120 — (78)— 1,042 
Small business administration pooled securities41,259 — (4,941)— 36,318 42,480 — (4,648)— 37,832 
Total available for sale securities$2,148,222 $3,617 $(63,474)$— $2,088,365 $2,051,822 $8,302 $(55,877)$— $2,004,247 

Excluded from the table above is accrued interest on available for sale securities of $6.2 million and $5.6 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, which is included within other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company did not record any write-offs of accrued interest income on available for sale securities during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Furthermore, no securities held by the Company were delinquent on contractual payments nor were any securities placed on non-accrual status at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
13

When securities are sold, the adjusted cost of the specific security sold is used to compute the gain or loss on the sale. The Company had no sales of securities available for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and therefore no gains or losses were realized for such periods.
The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position as of the dates indicated. These available for sale securities are aggregated by major security type and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
 March 31, 2026
  Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
 # of 
holdings		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses
 (Dollars in thousands)
U.S. government agency securities9 $— $— $218,560 $(9,947)$218,560 $(9,947)
U.S. treasury securities10 6,564 (17)415,793 (13,178)422,357 (13,195)
Agency mortgage-backed securities117 467,011 (5,731)233,557 (21,438)700,568 (27,169)
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations80 224,557 (6,549)22,206 (1,413)246,763 (7,962)
Municipal securities56 49,363 (184)— — 49,363 (184)
Pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurers1 — — 1,044 (76)1,044 (76)
Small business administration pooled securities8 — — 36,318 (4,941)36,318 (4,941)
Total 281 $747,495 $(12,481)$927,478 $(50,993)$1,674,973 $(63,474)
December 31, 2025
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
# of 
holdings		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses
(Dollars in thousands)
U.S. government agency securities9 $— $— $218,672 $(10,025)$218,672 $(10,025)
U.S. treasury securities10 — — 464,514 (14,336)464,514 (14,336)
Agency mortgage-backed securities106 178,837 (911)237,923 (21,320)416,760 (22,231)
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations54 175,697 (3,216)23,265 (1,313)198,962 (4,529)
Municipal securities8 6,792 (30)— — 6,792 (30)
Pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurers1 — — 1,042 (78)1,042 (78)
Small business administration pooled securities8 — — 37,832 (4,648)37,832 (4,648)
Total 196 $361,326 $(4,157)$983,248 $(51,720)$1,344,574 $(55,877)

The Company does not intend to sell these investments and has determined, based upon available evidence, that it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell each security before the recovery of its amortized cost basis. In addition, management does not believe that any of the securities are impaired due to reasons of credit quality. As a result, the Company did not recognize a provision for credit losses on these investments during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The Company made this determination by reviewing various qualitative and quantitative factors regarding each investment category, such as current market conditions, extent and nature of changes in fair value, issuer rating changes and trends, volatility of earnings, and current analysts’ evaluations.
14
As a result of the Company’s review of these qualitative and quantitative factors, the causes of the impairments listed in the table above by category were as follows at March 31, 2026:
•U.S. Government Agency Securities, U.S. Treasury Securities, Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities, Agency Collateralized Mortgage Obligations and Small Business Administration Pooled Securities: These portfolios have contractual terms that generally do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the current par value of the investment. The decline in market value of these securities is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality. Additionally, these securities are implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies.
•Municipal Securities: This portfolio has contractual terms that generally do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the current par value of the investment. The decline in market value of these securities is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality.
•Pooled Trust Preferred Securities: This portfolio consists of one security which is performing. The unrealized loss on this security is attributable to the illiquid nature of the trust preferred market in the current economic and regulatory environment. Management evaluates collateral credit and instrument structure, including current and expected deferral and default rates and timing. In addition, discount rates are determined by evaluating comparable spreads observed currently in the market for similar instruments.

Held to Maturity Securities
The following table summarizes the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses of held to maturity securities and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized at the dates indicated:
 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross Unrealized
Losses		Allowance for credit lossesFair
Value		Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross Unrealized
Losses		Allowance for credit lossesFair
Value
 (Dollars in thousands)
U.S. treasury securities$100,892 $— $(3,648)$— $97,244 $100,872 $— $(3,748)$— $97,124 
Agency mortgage-backed securities686,110 249 (36,983)— 649,376 694,903 339 (35,827)— 659,415 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations360,263 — (45,871)— 314,392 370,698 — (44,900)— 325,798 
Small business administration pooled securities109,301 36 (4,047)— 105,290 112,554 183 (4,341)— 108,396 
Total held to maturity securities$1,256,566 $285 $(90,549)$— $1,166,302 $1,279,027 $522 $(88,816)$— $1,190,733 
All held to maturity securities held by the Company are guaranteed by the U.S. federal government or other government sponsored agencies and have a long history of no credit losses. As a result, management has determined these securities to have a zero loss expectation and therefore the Company did not record a provision for estimated credit losses on any held to maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Excluded from the table above is accrued interest on held to maturity securities of $2.8 million and $3.4 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, which is included within other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company did not record any write-offs of accrued interest income on held to maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Furthermore, no securities held by the Company were delinquent on contractual payments nor were any securities placed on non-accrual status at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

When securities are sold, the adjusted cost of the specific security sold is used to compute the gain or loss on the sale. The Company had no sales of held to maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and therefore no gains or losses were realized for such periods.

The Company monitors the credit quality of held to maturity securities through the use of credit ratings. Credit ratings are monitored by the Company on at least a quarterly basis. As of March 31, 2026, all held to maturity securities held by the Company were rated investment grade or higher.
15
The actual maturities of certain available for sale or held to maturity securities may differ from the contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. A schedule of the contractual maturities of securities available for sale and securities held to maturity at March 31, 2026 is presented below:
Due in one year or lessDue after one year to five yearsDue after five to ten yearsDue after ten yearsTotal
Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value		Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value		Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value		Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value		Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)
Available for sale securities
U.S. government agency securities$67,548 $66,733 $160,959 $151,827 $— $— $— $— $228,507 $218,560 
U.S. treasury securities195,253 192,669 240,298 229,687 — — — — 435,551 422,356 
Agency mortgage-backed securities23,773 23,441 208,639 201,586 22,738 21,855 689,765 672,773 944,915 919,655 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations— — 4,448 4,444 1,800 1,689 261,499 253,854 267,747 259,987 
Municipal securities1,923 1,925 119,275 119,807 106,466 107,224 1,459 1,489 229,123 230,445 
Pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurers — — — — — — 1,120 1,044 1,120 1,044 
Small business administration pooled securities— — — — 10,264 9,670 30,995 26,648 41,259 36,318 
Total available for sale securities$288,497 $284,768 $733,619 $707,351 $141,268 $140,438 $984,838 $955,808 $2,148,222 $2,088,365 
Held to maturity securities
U.S. treasury securities$99,898 $96,377 $994 $867 $— $— $— $100,892 $97,244 
Agency mortgage-backed securities104,300 103,524 377,411 355,833 90,223 82,710 114,176 107,309 686,110 649,376 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations25,314 25,197 34,695 32,853 12,277 11,231 287,977 245,111 360,263 314,392 
Small business administration pooled securities— — — — 5,106 4,845 104,195 100,445 109,301 105,290 
Total held to maturity securities$229,512 $225,098 $413,100 $389,553 $107,606 $98,786 $506,348 $452,865 $1,256,566 $1,166,302 
Total$518,009 $509,866 $1,146,719 $1,096,904 $248,874 $239,224 $1,491,186 $1,408,673 $3,404,788 $3,254,667 
Included in the table above is $130.0 million of callable securities at March 31, 2026.

The carrying value of securities pledged to secure public funds, trust deposits, and for other purposes, as required or permitted by law, was $2.8 billion and $2.5 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had no investments in obligations of individual states, counties, or municipalities which exceeded 10% of consolidated stockholders’ equity.






16
.
NOTE 4 - LOANS, ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES AND CREDIT QUALITY
Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table summarizes the change in allowance for credit losses by loan category, and bifurcates the amount of loans allocated to each loan category for the period indicated:
 Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
 (Dollars in thousands)
 Commercial and
Industrial		Commercial
Real Estate		Commercial
Construction		Residential
Real Estate		      
Home Equity		Other ConsumerTotal
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$47,976 $84,916 $14,254 $29,254 $12,376 $1,101 $189,877 
Charge-offs(470)(4,224)— — — (1,082)(5,776)
Recoveries159 190 — — 12 598 959 
Provision for (release of) credit losses1,617 2,110 (42)646 880 289 5,500 
Ending balance (1)
$49,282 $82,992 $14,212 $29,900 $13,268 $906 $190,560 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and
Industrial		Commercial
Real Estate		Commercial
Construction		Residential
Real Estate		Home EquityOther ConsumerTotal
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$30,799 $93,718 $8,166 $25,238 $11,007 $1,056 $169,984 
Charge-offs(167)(39,996)— — (96)(1,141)(41,400)
Recoveries15 — — — 18 475 508 
Provision for (release of) credit losses6,572 7,694 211 231 (83)375 15,000 
Ending balance (1)
$37,219 $61,416 $8,377 $25,469 $10,846 $765 $144,092 
(1)Balances of accrued interest receivable excluded from amortized cost and the calculation of allowance for credit losses amounted to $69.1 million and $53.7 million as of March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

The balance of allowance for credit losses increased $683,000 to $190.6 million as of March 31, 2026, as compared to $189.9 million at December 31, 2025, driven by provision for credit losses of $5.5 million, offset by net charge-offs of $4.8 million.

Each of the following loan categories possesses unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level of allowance for each segment.  Some of the characteristics unique to each loan category include:
Commercial Portfolio
•Commercial and Industrial: Consists of revolving, non-revolving, and term loan obligations extended to business and corporate enterprises for the purpose of financing working capital and/or capital investment, as well as loans to finance owner-occupied commercial properties. Collateral generally consists of accounts receivable, inventory, plant and equipment, real estate, or other business assets. The primary source of repayment is operating cash flow and, secondarily, liquidation of assets.
•Commercial Real Estate: Consists of mortgage loans to finance investment in real property such as multi-family residential, commercial/retail, office, industrial, hotels, educational and healthcare facilities, as well as other specific use properties and is inclusive of non-owner-occupied commercial properties.  Loans are typically written with amortizing payment structures.  Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations.  Permissible loan to value ratios at origination are governed by Company policy and regulatory guidelines. The primary source of repayment is cash flow from operating leases and rents and, secondarily, liquidation of assets.
•Commercial Construction: Consists of short-term construction loans, revolving and non-revolving credit lines and construction/permanent loans to finance the acquisition, development and construction or rehabilitation of real property.  Project types include residential land development, one-to-four family, condominium, and multi-family home construction, commercial/retail, office, industrial, hotels, educational and healthcare facilities as well as other specific use properties.  Loans may be written with non-amortizing or hybrid payment structures depending upon the type of project.  Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations.  Permissible loan to value ratios at origination are
17
governed by Company policy and regulatory guidelines.  Repayment sources vary depending upon the type of project and may consist of proceeds from the sale or lease of units, operating cash flows or liquidation of other assets.

For the commercial portfolio the Company typically obtains personal guarantees for payment from individuals and/or from other corporate or business entities holding a material ownership interest in the borrowing entities. Guarantees may be either unlimited or limited with respect to guaranteed loan amounts or with respect to other terms and conditions.
Consumer Portfolio
•Residential Real Estate: Residential mortgage loans held in the Company’s portfolio are made to borrowers who demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors such as current and expected income, employment status, current assets, other financial resources, credit history and the value of the collateral.  Collateral consists of mortgage liens on one-to-four family residential properties.  Residential mortgage loans also include loans to construct owner-occupied one-to-four family residential properties.
•Home Equity: Home equity loans and credit lines are made to qualified individuals and are primarily secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on one-to-four family homes, condominiums or vacation homes. Each home equity loan has a fixed rate and is billed in equal payments comprised of principal and interest. The majority of home equity lines of credit have a variable rate and are billed in interest-only payments during the draw period. At the end of the draw period, the home equity line of credit is billed as a percentage of the then outstanding principal balance plus all accrued interest over a predetermined repayment period, as set forth in the note. Additionally, the Company has the option of renewing each line of credit for additional draw periods.  Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan to value ratios within established policy guidelines.
•Other Consumer: Other consumer loan products include personal lines of credit and amortizing loans made to qualified individuals for various purposes such as debt consolidation, personal expenses or overdraft protection.  Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and collateral requirements within established policy guidelines.  These loans may be secured or unsecured.
Credit Quality

The Company continually monitors the asset quality of the loan portfolio using all available information. Based on this information, loans demonstrating certain payment issues or other weaknesses may be categorized as adversely risk-rated, delinquent, non-performing and/or put on non-accrual status. Additionally, in the course of resolving such loans, the Company may choose to modify the contractual terms of certain loans to match the borrower’s ability to repay the loan based on their current financial condition.

The Company reviews numerous credit quality indicators when assessing the risk in its loan portfolio. For the commercial portfolio, the Company utilizes a 10-point credit risk-rating system, which assigns a risk-grade to each loan obligation based on a number of quantitative and qualitative factors associated with a commercial or small business loan transaction. Factors considered include industry and market conditions, position within the industry, earnings trends, operating cash flow, asset/liability values, debt capacity, guarantor strength, management and controls, financial reporting, collateral, and other considerations. The risk-rating categories for the commercial portfolio are defined as follows:
•Pass: Risk-rating “1” through “6” comprises loans ranging from ‘Substantially Risk Free’ which indicates borrowers are of unquestioned credit standing and the pinnacle of credit quality, well established companies with a very strong financial condition, and loans fully secured by cash collateral, through ‘Acceptable Risk,’ which indicates borrowers may exhibit declining earnings, strained cash flow, increasing or above average leverage and/or weakening market fundamentals that indicate below average asset quality, margins and market share. Collateral coverage is protective.
•Special Mention: Borrowers exhibit potential credit weaknesses or downward trends deserving management’s close attention. If not checked or corrected, these trends will weaken the Company’s asset and position. While potentially weak, currently these borrowers are marginally acceptable; no loss of principal or interest is envisioned.
•Substandard: Borrowers exhibit well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt. Loans may be inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Normal repayment from the borrower is in jeopardy, although no loss of principal is envisioned. However, there is a distinct possibility that a partial loss of interest and/or principal will occur if the deficiencies are not corrected. Collateral coverage may be inadequate to cover the principal obligation.
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•Doubtful: Borrowers exhibit well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt with the added provision that the weaknesses make collection of the debt in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Serious problems exist to the point where partial loss of principal is likely.
•Loss: Borrowers deemed incapable of repayment. Loans to such borrowers are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuation as active assets of the Company is not warranted.

The Company utilizes a comprehensive, continuous strategy for evaluating and monitoring commercial credit quality. Initially, credit quality is determined at loan origination and is re-evaluated when subsequent actions, such as renewals, modifications or reviews, occur. Actively managed commercial borrowers are required to provide updated financial information at least annually which is carefully evaluated for any changes in credit quality. Larger loan relationships are subject to a full annual credit review by experienced credit professionals, while continuous portfolio monitoring techniques are employed to evaluate changes in credit quality for smaller loan relationships. Any changes in credit quality are reflected in risk-rating changes. Additionally, the Company retains an independent loan review firm to evaluate the credit quality of the commercial loan portfolio. The independent loan review process achieves significant penetration into the commercial loan portfolio and reports the results of these reviews to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors on a quarterly basis.

For the Company’s consumer portfolio, the quality of the loan is best indicated by the repayment performance of an individual borrower. As a result, for this portfolio the Company utilizes a pass/default risk-rating system, based on an age analysis (i.e., days past due) associated with each consumer loan. Under this structure, consumer loans less than 90 days past due are assigned a “pass” rating, while any consumer loans 90 days or more past due are assigned a “default” rating.

The following table details the amortized cost balances of the Company's loan portfolios, presented by credit quality indicator and origination year, as of March 31, 2026, and gross charge-offs for the three month period then ended:


19
 March 31, 2026
20262025202420232022PriorRevolving Loans
Revolving converted to Term(1)
Total(2)
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and
industrial
Pass $240,270 $910,184 $646,520 $417,374 $379,632 $1,011,104 $850,197 $5,398 $4,460,679 
Special mention2,291 45,856 16,970 8,975 3,553 18,291 17,054 — 112,990 
Substandard8,304 27,626 7,946 391 4,046 5,160 24,036 — 77,509 
Doubtful— — — 17 — — 258 — 275 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial and industrial$250,865 $983,666 $671,436 $426,757 $387,231 $1,034,555 $891,545 $5,398 $4,651,453 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $22 $20 $9 $44 $375 $— $470 
Commercial real estate
Pass$290,220 $1,216,650 $849,524 $936,207 $1,210,410 $3,258,025 $134,875 $— $7,895,911 
Special mention17,634 49,888 21,408 11,158 340 57,992 242 — 158,662 
Substandard3,620 8,122 27,083 20,926 2,650 25,853 3,245 — 91,499 
Doubtful— 35,268 — — — — — — 35,268 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial real estate$311,474 $1,309,928 $898,015 $968,291 $1,213,400 $3,341,870 $138,362 $— $8,181,340 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $4,224 $— $— $— $— $— $— $4,224 
Commercial construction
Pass$138,378 $480,477 $300,597 $233,531 $41,758 $51,915 $57,582 $— $1,304,238 
Special mention— 49,821 24,459 8,962 — — — — 83,242 
Substandard— 9,827 1,138 — — 2,992 2,176 — 16,133 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial construction$138,378 $540,125 $326,194 $242,493 $41,758 $54,907 $59,758 $— $1,403,613 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Residential real estate
Pass$39,122 $264,756 $236,732 $471,141 $633,673 $1,192,184 $— $— $2,837,608 
Default— — — 564 596 3,376 — — 4,536 
Total residential real estate$39,122 $264,756 $236,732 $471,705 $634,269 $1,195,560 $— $— $2,842,144 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Home equity
Pass$1,669 $10,810 $12,823 $17,585 $28,858 $182,510 $1,042,381 $6,412 $1,303,048 
Default— — — 82 — 588 4,000 28 4,698 
Total home equity$1,669 $10,810 $12,823 $17,667 $28,858 $183,098 $1,046,381 $6,440 $1,307,746 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Other consumer(3)
Pass$164 $1,305 $1,665 $1,431 $820 $1,603 $32,174 $— $39,162 
Default— — — — — 20 — — 20 
Total other consumer$164 $1,305 $1,665 $1,431 $820 $1,623 $32,174 $— $39,182 
Current-period gross write-offs $1,065 $— $— $— $2 $— $15 $— $1,082 
Total$741,672 $3,110,590 $2,146,865 $2,128,344 $2,306,336 $5,811,613 $2,168,220 $11,838 $18,425,478 
Total current-period gross write-offs$1,065 $4,224 $22 $20 $11 $44 $390 $— $5,776 
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The following table details the amortized cost balances of the Company's loan portfolios, presented by credit quality indicator and origination year, as of December 31, 2025, and gross charge-offs for the year then ended:
December 31, 2025
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans
Revolving converted to Term(1)
Total(2)
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and
industrial
Pass$1,050,723 $674,956 $427,794 $408,646 $310,331 $777,748 $802,675 $— $4,452,873 
Special mention22,454 8,171 7,458 4,700 10,241 7,253 17,091 — 77,368 
Substandard28,004 15,826 445 5,045 2,358 2,306 27,544 — 81,528 
Doubtful— — 20 — — — — — 20 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial and industrial$1,101,181 $698,953 $435,717 $418,391 $322,930 $787,307 $847,310 $— $4,611,789 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $42 $62 $98 $900 $76 $7,635 $— $8,813 
Commercial real estate
Pass$1,254,204 $868,351 $991,179 $1,233,528 $1,212,646 $2,323,268 $153,939 $— $8,037,115 
Special mention56,300 20,655 9,865 697 4,052 29,328 197 — 121,094 
Substandard25,600 32,514 20,927 1,326 10,291 4,266 — — 94,924 
Doubtful22,275 — — — — — — — 22,275 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial real estate$1,358,379 $921,520 $1,021,971 $1,235,551 $1,226,989 $2,356,862 $154,136 $— $8,275,408 
Current-period gross write-offs$8,126 $— $26,862 $— $7,089 $1,335 $— $— $43,412 
Commercial construction
Pass$509,630 $362,300 $237,679 $69,779 $62,752 $23,781 $57,615 $— $1,323,536 
Special mention29,634 29,516 — — — — — — 59,150 
Substandard9,822 848 — — — 2,992 — — 13,662 
Doubtful— — — 2,845 — — — — 2,845 
Loss— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial construction$549,086 $392,664 $237,679 $72,624 $62,752 $26,773 $57,615 $— $1,399,193 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Residential real estate
Pass$273,907 $252,544 $487,064 $640,426 $405,352 $807,275 $— $— $2,866,568 
Default— — 742 1,626 301 4,206 — — 6,875 
Total residential real estate$273,907 $252,544 $487,806 $642,052 $405,653 $811,481 $— $— $2,873,443 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Home equity
Pass$10,970 $13,118 $18,339 $29,574 $43,928 $145,224 $1,011,854 $21,027 $1,294,034 
Default— — — — — 587 2,991 50 3,628 
Total home equity$10,970 $13,118 $18,339 $29,574 $43,928 $145,811 $1,014,845 $21,077 $1,297,662 
Current-period gross write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $96 $— $96 
Other consumer(3)
Pass$1,395 $1,781 $1,570 $906 $868 $1,067 $38,693 $— $46,280 
Default— — — — — — 2 — 2 
Total other consumer$1,395 $1,781 $1,570 $906 $868 $1,067 $38,695 $— $46,282 
Current-period gross write-offs$4,428 $22 $10 $— $— $— $23 $— $4,483 
Total$3,294,918 $2,280,580 $2,203,082 $2,399,098 $2,063,120 $4,129,301 $2,112,601 $21,077 $18,503,777 
Total current-period gross write-offs$12,554 $64 $26,934 $98 $7,989 $1,411 $7,754 $— $56,804 
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(1)Amounts presented represent the amortized cost as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 of revolving loans that were converted to term loans during the three and twelve months then ended, respectively.
(2)Loan origination dates in the tables above reflect the original origination date, or the date of a material modification of a previously originated loan.
(3)Other consumer portfolio is inclusive of deposit account overdrafts recorded as loan balances and the associated gross write-offs.
    
For the Company’s consumer portfolio, the quality of the loan is best indicated by the repayment performance of an individual borrower. However, the Company does supplement performance data with current Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores and Loan to Value (“LTV”) estimates. Current FICO data is purchased and appended to all consumer loans on a regular basis. In addition, automated valuation services and broker opinions of value are used to supplement original value data for the residential real estate and home equity portfolios, periodically. The following table shows the weighted average FICO scores and the weighted average combined LTV ratios at the dates indicated below:
March 31
2026		December 31
2025
Residential real estate portfolio
FICO score (re-scored) (1)
754 754 
LTV (re-valued) (1)
57.3 %57.2 %
Home equity portfolio
FICO score (re-scored) (1)
769 769 
LTV (re-valued) (2)(3)
45.9 %45.3 %
(1)The average FICO scores at March 31, 2026 are based upon rescores from March 2026, as available for previously originated loans, or the origination score data for loans booked in March 2026. The average FICO scores at December 31, 2025 were based upon rescores from December 2025, as available for previously originated loans, or origination score data for loans booked in December 2025.
(2)The combined LTV ratios for March 31, 2026 are based upon updated automated valuations as of February 2026, when available, and/or the most current valuation data available.  The combined LTV ratios for December 31, 2025 were based upon updated automated valuations as of November 2025, when available, and/or the most current valuation data available.  The updated automated valuations provide new information on loans that may be available since the previous valuation was obtained.  If no new information is available, the valuation will default to the previously obtained data or most recent appraisal.
(3)For home equity loans and lines in a subordinate lien, the LTV data represents a combined LTV, taking into account the senior lien data for loans and lines.
The Company’s philosophy toward managing its loan portfolios is predicated upon careful monitoring, which stresses early detection and response to delinquent and default situations. Delinquent loans are managed by a team of collection specialists and the Company seeks to make arrangements to resolve any delinquent or default situation over the shortest possible time frame.  As a general rule, loans 90 days or more past due with respect to principal or interest are classified as non-accrual loans, or sooner if management considers such action to be prudent. However, loans that are 90 days or more past due may be kept on accruing status if the loan is well secured and/or in process of collection.

The following table shows information regarding non-accrual loans as of the dates indicated:
Non-accrual Balances
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
With Allowance for Credit Losses
Without Allowance for Credit Losses (1)
TotalWith Allowance for Credit Losses
Without Allowance for Credit Losses (1)
Total
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial$8,453 $— $8,453 $8,173 $987 $9,160 
Commercial real estate26,394 38,457 64,851 26,674 23,841 50,515 
Commercial construction698 — 698 848 2,845 3,693 
Residential real estate15,593 — 15,593 15,043 — 15,043 
Home equity7,011 — 7,011 5,102 — 5,102 
Other consumer37 — 37 44 — 44 
Total non-accrual loans $58,186 $38,457 $96,643 $55,884 $27,673 $83,557 
(1)Non-accrual balances reported above without an allowance for credit losses are attributable to loans evaluated on an individual basis where it was determined that there was no risk of loss due to sufficient underlying collateral values.
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It is the Company’s policy to reverse any accrued interest when a loan is put on non-accrual status, and, as such, the Company did not record any interest income on non-accrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, except for instances where non-accrual loans were paid off in excess of the recorded book balance. Total accrued interest reversed against interest income amounted to $215,000 and $344,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

The following table shows information regarding foreclosed residential real estate property at the dates indicated:
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Foreclosed residential real estate property held by the creditor$— $— 
Recorded investment in mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure$6,282 $4,102 

The following tables show the age analysis of past due financing receivables as of the dates indicated:
 March 31, 2026
 30-59 days60-89 days90 days or moreTotal Past Due 
Total
Financing
Receivables (2)
 Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Current
 (Dollars in thousands)
Loan Portfolio
Commercial and industrial37 $12,862 23 $959 40 $2,693 100 $16,514 $4,634,939 $4,651,453 
Commercial real estate16 18,594 3 763 8 13,331 27 32,688 8,148,652 8,181,340 
Commercial construction1 2,176 — — 2 698 3 2,874 1,400,739 1,403,613 
Residential real estate31 6,900 16 3,959 19 4,536 66 15,395 2,826,749 2,842,144 
Home equity24 2,228 14 1,512 26 4,698 64 8,438 1,299,308 1,307,746 
Other consumer (1)
588 278 13 15 3 20 604 313 38,869 39,182 
Total697 $43,038 69 $7,208 98 $25,976 864 $76,222 $18,349,256 $18,425,478 
 December 31, 2025
 30-59 days60-89 days90 days or moreTotal Past Due 
Total
Financing
Receivables (2)
 Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Number
of Loans		Principal
Balance		Current
 (Dollars in thousands)
Loan Portfolio
Commercial and industrial36 $7,765 18 $3,627 35 $5,776 89 $17,168 $4,594,621 $4,611,789 
Commercial real estate15 7,037 3 619 7 10,103 25 17,759 8,257,649 8,275,408 
Commercial construction1 804 1 488 2 3,693 4 4,985 1,394,208 1,399,193 
Residential real estate20 5,592 16 3,597 18 3,278 54 12,467 2,860,976 2,873,443 
Home equity20 3,247 9 456 24 3,629 53 7,332 1,290,330 1,297,662 
Other consumer (1)
624 321 15 27 3 3 642 351 45,931 46,282 
Total716 $24,766 62 $8,814 89 $26,482 867 $60,062 $18,443,715 $18,503,777 
(1)Other consumer portfolio is inclusive of deposit account overdrafts recorded as loan balances.
(2)The amount of net deferred fees/costs on originated loans included in the ending balance was $7.9 million and $7.7 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Net unamortized discounts on acquired loans included in the ending balance were $147.8 million and $157.0 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

Unfunded Commitments

Management evaluates the need for a reserve on unfunded lending commitments in a manner consistent with loans held for investment. The Company’s estimated reserve for unfunded commitments amounted to $1.9 million and $1.8 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
23

Loan Modifications

The following tables present the period end amortized cost basis of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods indicated, disaggregated by class of financing receivable, type of modification granted and the financial effect of the modifications:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Amortized Cost Basis% of Total Class of Financing ReceivableFinancial Effect
(Dollars in thousands)
Term Extension
Commercial and industrial$1,090 0.02 %
Extended contractual term on one loan by 1 year
Commercial real estate15,170 0.19 %
Added a weighted-average contractual term of 10 months to the life of the loans
Total$16,260 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Amortized Cost Basis% of Total Class of Financing ReceivableFinancial Effect
(Dollars in thousands)
Term Extension
Commercial and industrial$5,204 0.16 %
Added a weighted-average contractual term of 11 months to the life of the loans
Commercial real estate3,375 0.05 %
Added a weighted-average contractual term of 6 months to the life of the loans
Residential real estate277 0.01 %
Extended contractual term on one loan by 17.8 years
Total$8,856 
Other Than Insignificant Payment Delays
Commercial real estate$11,002 0.16 %Modification was made with minimal financial effect
Total$11,002 
Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial real estate$12,109 0.18 %
Extended the contractual term on one loan by 4.5 years and reduced the interest rate from 8.01% to 7.45%
Home equity958 0.08 %
Extended the contractual term on one loan by 25.0 years and reduced the interest rate from 7.25% to 6.88%
Total$13,067 
Total Outstanding Modified$32,925 
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The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. At March 31, 2026, all material loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the previous twelve months were performing in accordance with modified terms. At March 31, 2025, all material loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the previous twelve months were performing in accordance with modified terms, with the exception of one $4.6 million commercial real estate loan that was greater than 90 days past due at and was in the process of being resolved.

The Company considers a loan to have defaulted when it reaches 90 days past due. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively, there were no material loans that had a payment default during the period and were modified to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty in the previous twelve months.

At March 31, 2026, the Company had $1.9 million in additional commitments to lend to one borrower experiencing financial difficulty, pertaining to a term extension granted on a commercial and industrial loan during the three months then ended. At March 31, 2025 the Company had no additional commitments to lend to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose loans were modified and included in the above tables for the three months then ended.
    
Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are evaluated on a collective basis with loans sharing similar risk characteristics in accordance with the CECL methodology.


NOTE 5 - STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company had the following activity related to stock based compensation:

Time-Vested Restricted Stock Awards

The Company made the following awards of time vested restricted stock:
DateShares GrantedPlanGrant Date Fair Value Per Share Vesting Period
2/19/2026142,0002023 Omnibus Incentive Plan$80.45Ratably on February 27th of 2027, 2028 and 2029

Performance-Based Restricted Stock Awards

On February 19, 2026, the Company granted performance-based restricted stock awards to certain executive level employees. These performance-based restricted stock awards were issued from the 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan and were determined to have a grant date fair value per share of $80.45. The number of shares to be vested is contingent upon the Company’s attainment of certain performance criteria to be measured at the end of a three-year performance period ending December 31, 2028. The awards will vest upon the earlier of the date on which it is determined if the performance goal is achieved subsequent to the performance period, or March 15, 2029. Excluding the impact of any forfeitures, achievement of target performance will result in the issuance of 20,150 shares, while achievement of the maximum performance will result in the issuance of 40,300 shares.

On March 12, 2026, the performance-based restricted stock awards that were awarded on February 16, 2023 vested at 92% of the target shares awarded, or 11,206 shares, net of forfeitures.

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NOTE 6 - DERIVATIVE AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally to manage the Company’s interest rate risk. Additionally, the Company enters into interest rate derivatives, foreign exchange contracts and risk participation agreements to accommodate the business requirements of its customers (“customer related positions”). The Company minimizes the market and liquidity risks of customer related positions by entering into similar offsetting positions with broker-dealers. Derivative instruments are carried at fair value in the Company’s financial statements. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument is dependent upon whether or not it qualifies as a hedge for accounting purposes, and further, by the type of hedging relationship.

The Company does not enter into proprietary trading positions for any derivatives.

The Company is subject to over-the-counter derivative clearing requirements which require certain derivatives to be cleared through central clearing houses. Accordingly, the Company clears certain derivative transactions through the Chicago Mercantile Exchange Clearing House (“CME”). The CME requires the Company to post initial and variation margin to mitigate the risk of non-payment, the latter of which is received or paid daily based on the net asset or liability position of the contracts.

Interest Rate Positions

The Company may utilize various interest rate derivatives as hedging instruments against interest rate risk associated with the Company’s borrowings and loan portfolios. An interest rate derivative is an agreement whereby one party agrees to pay a floating rate of interest on a notional principal amount in exchange for receiving a fixed rate of interest on the same notional amount, for a predetermined period of time, from a second party. The amounts relating to the notional principal amount are not actually exchanged.

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The following tables reflect information about the Company’s derivative positions at the dates indicated below for interest rate swaps which qualify as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes:
March 31, 2026
Weighted Average Rate
Notional AmountAverage MaturityCurrent
Rate
Received		Pay Fixed
Swap Rate		Fair Value
(in thousands)(in years)(in thousands)
Interest rate swaps on borrowings$300,000 0.473.67 %3.57 %$277 
Current Rate PaidReceive Fixed
Swap Rate
Interest rate swaps on loans 550,000 1.423.67 %2.81 %(8,251)
Current Rate PaidReceive Fixed Swap Rate
Cap - Floor
Interest rate collars on loans 150,000 0.703.78 %
3.94% - 2.33%
(221)
Total$1,000,000 $(8,195)
December 31, 2025
Weighted Average Rate
Notional AmountAverage MaturityCurrent
Rate
Received		Pay Fixed
Swap Rate		Fair Value
(in thousands)(in years)(in thousands)
Interest rate swaps on borrowings$400,000 0.583.87 %3.67 %$(209)
Current Rate PaidReceive Fixed
Swap Rate
Interest rate swaps on loans 550,000 1.213.89 %2.73 %(7,903)
Current Rate PaidReceive Fixed Swap Rate
Cap - Floor
Interest rate collars on loans 150,000 0.944.05 %
3.94% - 2.33%
(140)
Total$1,100,000 $(8,252)

The maximum length of time over which the Company is currently hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions related to the payment of variable interest on existing financial instruments is 4.9 years.

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedging instruments, the effective portion of the gains or losses is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.  The Company expects approximately $270,000 (pre-tax) to be reclassified as an increase to net interest income and $4.4 million (pre-tax) to be reclassified as a decrease to net interest income, from other comprehensive income related to the Company’s cash flow hedges in the twelve months following March 31, 2026.  This reclassification is due to anticipated payments that will be made and/or received on the swaps based upon the forward curve at March 31, 2026.

The Company had no fair value hedges as of March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.

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Customer Related Positions

Loan level derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps, offered to commercial borrowers through the Company’s loan level derivative program do not qualify as hedges for accounting purposes. The Company believes that its exposure to commercial customer derivatives is limited because these contracts are simultaneously matched at inception with an offsetting dealer transaction. Derivatives with dealer counterparties are then either cleared through a clearinghouse or settled directly with a single counterparty. The commercial customer derivative program allows the Company to retain variable-rate commercial loans while allowing the customer to synthetically fix the loan rate by entering into a variable-to-fixed interest rate swap. The amounts relating to the notional principal amount are not actually exchanged.

Foreign exchange contracts offered to commercial borrowers through the Company’s derivative program do not qualify as hedges for accounting purposes. The Company acts as a seller and buyer of foreign exchange contracts to accommodate its customers. To mitigate the market and liquidity risk associated with these derivatives, the Company enters into similar offsetting positions. The amounts relating to the notional principal amount are exchanged.

The Company has entered into risk participation agreements with other dealer banks in commercial loan agreements. Participating banks guarantee the performance on borrower-related interest rate swap contracts. These derivatives are not designated as hedges and, therefore, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. Under a risk participation-out agreement, a derivative asset, the Company participates out a portion of the credit risk associated with the interest rate swap position executed with the commercial borrower for a fee paid to the participating bank. Under a risk participation-in agreement, a derivative liability, the Company assumes, or participates in, a portion of the credit risk associated with the interest rate swap position with the commercial borrower for a fee received from the other bank.

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The following tables reflect the Company’s customer related derivative positions at the dates indicated below for those derivatives not designated as hedging:
  Notional Amount Maturing 
 
Number of  Positions(1)
Less than 1 yearLess than 2 yearsLess than 3 yearsLess than 4 yearsThereafterTotalFair Value
March 31, 2026
 (Dollars in thousands)
Loan level swaps
Receive fixed, pay variable258 $169,361 $283,414 $176,078 $257,490 $793,390 $1,679,733 $(40,163)
Pay fixed, receive variable258 169,361 283,414 176,078 257,490 793,390 1,679,733 40,157 
Foreign exchange contracts
Buys foreign currency, sells U.S. currency50 97,887 — — — — 97,887 (1,460)
Buys U.S. currency, sells foreign currency50 97,887 — — — — 97,887 1,521 
Risk participation agreements
Participation out17 — 47,706 7,660 38,031 47,720 141,117 64 
Participation in13 19,243 5,500 6,941 — 61,836 93,520 (47)
Notional Amount Maturing
Number of  Positions(1)
Less than 1 yearLess than 2 yearsLess than 3 yearsLess than 4 yearsThereafterTotalFair Value
December 31, 2025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Loan level swaps
Receive fixed, pay variable259 $151,688 $261,876 $224,449 $192,734 $878,490 $1,709,237 $(41,517)
Pay fixed, receive variable259 151,688 261,876 224,449 192,734 878,490 1,709,237 41,503 
Foreign exchange contracts
Buys foreign currency, sells U.S. currency47 95,672 — — — — 95,672 1,385 
Buys U.S. currency, sells foreign currency47 95,672 — — — — 95,672 (1,328)
Risk participation agreements
Participation out19 — 26,865 28,643 33,850 79,953 169,311 59 
Participation in15 — 22,314 20,291 — 61,994 104,599 (44)
(1)The Company may enter into one dealer swap agreement which offsets multiple commercial borrower swap agreements.
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Mortgage Derivatives

The Company enters into commitments to fund residential mortgage loans at specified rates and times in the future, with the intention that loans may be sold subsequently in the secondary market. Mortgage loan commitments are referred to as derivative loan commitments if the loan that will result from exercise of the commitment will be held for sale upon funding. These commitments are recognized at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in other assets and other liabilities with changes in their fair values recorded within mortgage banking income. In addition, the Company has elected the fair value option to carry loans held for sale at fair value. The change in fair value of loans held for sale is recorded in current period earnings as a component of mortgage banking income in accordance with the Company’s fair value election. The fair value of loans held for sale decreased by $417,000 and increased by $57,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. These amounts were offset in earnings by the change in the fair value of mortgage derivatives.

Outstanding loan commitments expose the Company to the risk that the price of the loans arising from exercise of the loan commitment might change from inception of the rate lock to funding of the loan due to changes in mortgage interest rates. If interest rates increase, the value of these loan commitments decreases. Conversely, if interest rates decrease, the value of these loan commitments increases. To protect against the price risk inherent in derivative loan commitments, the Company utilizes both “mandatory delivery” and “best efforts” forward loan sale commitments to mitigate the risk of potential decreases in the values of loans that would result from the exercise of the derivative loan commitments. Mandatory delivery contracts are accounted for as derivative instruments. Included in the mandatory delivery forward commitments are To Be Announced securities (“TBAs”). Certain assumptions, including pull through rates and rate lock periods, are used in managing the existing and future hedges. The accuracy of underlying assumptions will impact the ultimate effectiveness of any hedging strategies.

With mandatory delivery contracts, the Company commits to deliver a certain principal amount of mortgage loans to an investor at a specified price on or before a specified date. If the Company fails to deliver the amount of mortgages necessary to fulfill the commitment by the specified date, it is obligated to pay a “pair-off” fee, based on then-current market prices, to the investor/counterparty to compensate the investor for the shortfall. Generally, the Company makes this type of commitment once mortgage loans have been funded and are held for sale, in order to minimize the risk of failure to deliver the requisite volume of loans to the investor and paying pair-off fees as a result. The Company also sells TBA securities to offset potential changes in the fair value of derivative loan commitments. Generally, the Company sells TBA securities by entering into derivative loan commitments for settlement in 30 to 90 days. The Company expects that mandatory delivery contracts, including TBA securities, will experience changes in fair value opposite to the changes in the fair value of derivative loan commitments.

With best effort contracts, the Company commits to deliver an individual mortgage loan of a specified principal amount and quality to an investor if the loan to the underlying borrower closes. Generally, best efforts cash contracts have no pair off risk regardless of market movement. The price the investor will pay the seller for an individual loan is specified prior to the loan being funded (e.g., on the same day the lender commits to lend funds to a potential borrower). The Company expects that these best efforts forward loan sale commitments will experience a net neutral shift in fair value with related derivative loan commitments.

The aggregate amount of net realized gains on sales of mortgage loans included within mortgage banking income was $1.7 million and $705,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Balance Sheet Offsetting

The Company does not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments. The Company does net the amount recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral against the obligation to return cash collateral arising from derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement. Collateral legally required to be maintained at dealer banks by the Company is monitored and adjusted as necessary.

A daily settlement occurs through the CME for changes in the fair value of centrally cleared derivatives. Not all of the derivatives are required to be cleared through the daily clearing agent. As a result, the total fair values of loan level derivative assets and liabilities recognized on the Company’s financial statements are not equal and offsetting.

30
The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the balance sheet and the potential effect of netting arrangements on its financial position, at the dates indicated:
 Asset Derivatives (1)Liability Derivatives (2)
Fair Value atFair Value atFair Value atFair Value at
 March 31
2026		December 31
2025		March 31
2026		December 31
2025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Derivatives designated as hedges:
Interest rate derivatives$284 (3)$77 (3)$8,479 (4)$8,329 (4)
Derivatives not designated as hedges:
Customer Related Positions
Loan level derivatives50,074 (3)57,790 (3)50,080 (4)57,804 (4)
Foreign exchange contracts1,735 1,814 1,674 1,757 
Risk participation agreements64 59 47 44 
Mortgage Derivatives
Interest rate lock commitments224 355 — — 
Forward sale loan commitments125 35 — — 
Forward sale hedge commitments98 — — 31 
Total derivatives not designated as hedges52,320 60,053 51,801 59,636 
Total gross derivatives on the balance sheet52,604 60,130 60,280 67,965 
Netting Adjustments (5)
(25,893)(25,765)8,178 8,135 
Net derivatives on the balance sheet26,711 34,365 52,102 59,830 
Gross amounts not offset on the balance sheet:
Financial instruments (6)
4,528 5,164 4,528 5,164 
Cash collateral 8,275 12,420 720 3,130 
Net derivatives not offset$13,908 $16,781 $46,854 $51,536 
(1)All asset derivatives are reflected in other assets on the balance sheet.
(2)All liability derivatives are reflected in other liabilities on the balance sheet.
(3)Approximately $14,000 and $1.0 million of accrued interest receivable is included in the fair value of interest rate and loan level derivative assets, respectively, at March 31, 2026, in comparison to accrued interest payable of approximately $9,000 and accrued interest receivable of approximately $1.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2025.
(4)Approximately $284,000 and $1.0 million of accrued interest payable is included in the fair value of interest rate and loan level derivative liabilities, respectively, at March 31, 2026, in comparison to accrued interest payable of approximately $363,000 and $1.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2025.
(5)Netting adjustments represent the amounts recorded to convert derivative assets and liabilities cleared through CME from a gross basis to a net basis, inclusive of the variation margin payments, in accordance with applicable accounting guidance.
(6)Reflects offsetting derivative positions with the same counterparty that are not netted on the balance sheet.











31

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments included in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and current earnings for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
March 31
 20262025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Derivatives designated as hedges
(Loss) gain in OCI on derivatives (effective portion), net of tax$(32)$3,456 
Loss reclassified from OCI into interest income or interest expense (effective portion)$(1,367)$(2,670)
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Changes in fair value of customer related positions
Other income$32 $36 
Other expense(22)(17)
Changes in fair value of mortgage derivatives
Mortgage banking income 88 125 
Total$98 $144 

    The Company’s derivative agreements with institutional counterparties contain various credit-risk related contingent provisions, such as requiring the Company to maintain a well-capitalized capital position. If the Company fails to meet these conditions, the counterparties could request the Company make immediate payment or demand that the Company provide immediate and ongoing full collateralization on derivative positions in net liability positions. All derivative instruments with credit-risk contingent features were in a net asset position at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

    By using derivatives, the Company is exposed to credit risk to the extent that counterparties to the derivative contracts do not perform as required. Should a counterparty fail to perform under the terms of a derivative contract, the Company’s credit exposure on interest rate swaps is limited to the net positive fair value and accrued interest of all swaps with each counterparty. The Company seeks to minimize counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures, and obtaining collateral, where appropriate. Institutional counterparties must have an investment grade credit rating and be approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. In addition, certain derivative contracts executed bilaterally with a dealer counterparty in the over-the-counter market are cleared through a clearinghouse, whereby the clearinghouse becomes the counterparty to the transaction. As such, management believes the risk of incurring credit losses on derivative contracts with those counterparties is remote. The Company’s exposure relating to institutional counterparties was $45.4 million and $49.7 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company’s exposure relating to customer counterparties was approximately $5.0 million and $8.1 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Credit exposure may be reduced by the value of collateral pledged by the counterparty.

NOTE 7 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of a market participant rather than an entity-specific measure. Therefore, even when market assumptions are not readily available, the assumptions applied by the Company when determining fair value reflect those that the Company determines market participants would use to price the asset or liability at the measurement date. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, regardless of the valuation technique(s) used, the objective of a fair value measurement remains the same. Fair value is the price that would be received if the asset were to be sold or that would be paid if the liability were to be transferred in an orderly market transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. When determining fair value, the Company considers pricing information and other inputs that are current as of the measurement date. In periods of market dislocation, the observability of prices and other inputs may be reduced for certain instruments, or not available at all. The unavailability or reduced availability of pricing or other input information could cause an instrument to be reclassified from one level to another.

The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC defines fair value and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to
32
unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC are described below:
Level 1 – Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 – Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 – Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Valuation Techniques

There were no changes in the valuation techniques used during the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Securities

Trading and Equity Securities

These equity securities are valued based on market quoted prices. These securities are categorized in Level 1 as they are actively traded and no valuation adjustments have been applied.

U.S. Government Agency and U.S. Treasury Securities

Fair value is estimated using either multi-dimensional spread tables or benchmarks. The inputs used include benchmark yields, reported trades, and broker/dealer quotes. These securities are classified as Level 2.

Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities

Fair value is estimated using either a matrix or benchmarks. The inputs used include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, and issuer spreads. These securities are categorized as Level 2.

Agency Collateralized Mortgage Obligations and Small Business Administration Pooled Securities

The valuation model for these securities is volatility-driven and ratings based, and uses multi-dimensional spread tables. The inputs used include benchmark yields, reported trades, new issue data, broker dealer quotes, and collateral performance. If there is at least one significant model assumption or input that is not observable, these securities are categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy; otherwise, they are classified as Level 2.

Municipal Securities

The fair value is estimated using a valuation matrix with inputs including bond interest rate tables, recent transactions, and yield relationships. These securities are categorized as Level 2.

Pooled Issuer Trust Preferred Securities

The fair value of pooled issuer trust preferred securities is estimated using external pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques. The inputs used in these valuations include benchmark yields, reported trades, new issue data, broker dealer quotes, and collateral performance. If there is at least one significant model assumption or input that is
33
not observable, these securities are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy; otherwise, they are classified as Level 2.

Loans Held for Sale

The Company has elected the fair value option to account for originated closed loans intended for sale. The fair value is measured on an individual loan basis using quoted market prices and when not available, comparable market value or discounted cash flow analysis may be utilized. These assets are typically classified as Level 2.

Derivative Instruments

Derivatives

The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect non-performance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of non-performance risk, the Company has considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings. Additionally, in conjunction with fair value measurement guidance, the Company has made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio. Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its interest rate derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its interest rate derivatives and risk participation agreements may also utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparties. However, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives. As a result, the Company has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are properly classified as Level 2.

Mortgage Derivatives

The fair value of mortgage derivatives is determined based on current market prices for similar assets in the secondary market and, therefore, classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

Individually Assessed Collateral Dependent Loans

In accordance with the CECL standard, expected credit losses on individually assessed loans deemed to be collateral dependent are valued based upon the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell.  The inputs used in the appraisals of the collateral are not always observable, and in such cases the loans may be classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy; otherwise, they are classified as Level 2.

Other Real Estate Owned and Other Foreclosed Assets

Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) and Other Foreclosed Assets, when applicable, are valued at the lower of cost or fair value of the property, less estimated costs to sell. The fair values are generally estimated based upon recent appraisal values of the property less costs to sell the property. Certain inputs used in appraisals are not always observable, and therefore OREO and Other Foreclosed Assets may be classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.


34
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis were as follows at the dates indicated:
  Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
BalanceQuoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 March 31, 2026
 (Dollars in thousands)
Recurring fair value measurements
Assets
Trading securities$5,525 $5,525 $— $— 
Equity securities21,518 21,518 — — 
Securities available for sale
U.S. government agency securities218,560 — 218,560 — 
U.S. treasury securities422,356 — 422,356 — 
Agency mortgage-backed securities919,655 — 919,655 — 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations259,987 — 259,987 — 
Municipal securities230,445 — 230,445 — 
Pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurers1,044 — 1,044 — 
Small business administration pooled securities36,318 — 36,318 — 
Loans held for sale16,758 — 16,758 — 
Derivative instruments52,604 — 52,604 — 
Liabilities
Derivative instruments60,280 — 60,280 — 
Total recurring fair value measurements$2,124,490 $27,043 $2,097,447 $— 
Non-recurring fair value measurements
Assets
Individually assessed collateral dependent loans (1)
$73,348 $— $— $73,348 
Other real estate owned and other foreclosed assets2,100 — — 2,100 
Total non-recurring fair value measurements$75,448 $— $— $75,448 
35
  Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
BalanceQuoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 December 31, 2025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Recurring fair value measurements
Assets
Trading securities$4,720 $4,720 $— $— 
Equity securities21,581 21,581 — — 
Securities available for sale
U.S. government agency securities218,672 — 218,672 — 
U.S. treasury securities471,084 — 471,084 — 
Agency mortgage-backed securities772,963 — 772,963 — 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations269,576 — 269,576 — 
Municipal securities233,078 — 233,078 — 
Pooled trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurers1,042 — 1,042 — 
Small business administration pooled securities37,832 — 37,832 — 
Loans held for sale35,909 — 35,909 — 
Derivative instruments60,130 — 60,130 — 
Liabilities
Derivative instruments67,965 — 67,965 — 
Total recurring fair value measurements, net$2,058,622 $26,301 $2,032,321 $— 
Non-recurring fair value measurements
Assets
Individually assessed collateral dependent loans (1)
$79,868 $— $— $79,868 
Other real estate owned and other foreclosed assets2,100 — — 2,100 
Total non-recurring fair value measurements$81,968 $— $— $81,968 
(1)    The carrying value of individually assessed collateral dependent loans is based on the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell. The fair value of the underlying collateral is generally determined through independent appraisals, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable. Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic factors and estimated liquidation expenses. The range of these possible adjustments may vary.


36
The estimated fair values and related carrying amounts for assets and liabilities for which fair value is only disclosed are shown below at the dates indicated:
   Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 Carrying
Value		Fair
Value		Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  
March 31, 2026
 (Dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Securities held to maturity (a)
U.S. treasury securities$100,892 $97,244 $— $97,244 $— 
Agency mortgage-backed securities686,110 649,376 — 649,376 — 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations360,263 314,392 — 314,392 — 
Small business administration pooled securities109,301 105,290 — 105,290 — 
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses (b)
18,161,570 17,831,282 — — 17,831,282 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock (c)
17,752 17,752 — 17,752 — 
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies (d)
380,423 380,423 — 380,423 — 
Financial liabilities
Deposit liabilities, other than time deposits (e)
$16,842,216 $16,842,216 $— $16,842,216 $— 
Time certificates of deposits (f)
3,255,294 3,248,416 — 3,248,416 — 
Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings (f)
316,734 317,436 — 317,436 — 
Line of credit (f)
99,969 103,723 — 103,723 — 
Junior subordinated debentures (g)
62,863 62,520 — 62,520 — 
Subordinated debentures (h)
296,690 306,790 — — 306,790 
 
37
   Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 Carrying
Value		Fair
Value		Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
  
December 31, 2025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Securities held to maturity (a)
U.S. treasury securities$100,872 $97,124 $— $97,124 $— 
Agency mortgage-backed securities694,903 659,415 — 659,415 — 
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations370,698 325,798 — 325,798 — 
Small business administration pooled securities112,554 108,396 — 108,396 — 
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses (b)
18,234,032 17,842,036 — — 17,842,036 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock (c)
21,835 21,835 — 21,835 — 
Cash surrender value of life insurance policies (d)
378,576 378,576 — 378,576 — 
Financial liabilities
Deposit liabilities, other than time deposits (e)
$16,858,570 $16,858,570 $— $16,858,570 $— 
Time certificates of deposits (f)
3,268,220 3,262,605 — 3,262,605 — 
Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings (f)
416,549 417,352 — 417,352 — 
Line of credit (f)
49,953 52,494 — 52,494 — 
Junior subordinated debentures (g)
62,862 62,492 — 62,492 — 
Subordinated debentures (f)
296,483 308,794 — — 308,794 
(a)The fair values presented are based on quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments and/or discounted cash flow analysis.
(b)Fair value of loans is measured using the exit price valuation method, determined primarily by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities or cash flows, while incorporating liquidity and credit assumptions. Additionally, this amount excludes individually assessed collateral dependent loans, which are deemed to be marked to fair value on a non-recurring basis.
(c)Federal Home Loan Bank stock has no quoted market value and is carried at cost, therefore the carrying amount approximates fair value.
(d)Cash surrender value of life insurance policies is recorded at its cash surrender value (or the amount that can be realized upon surrender of the policy), therefore, carrying amount approximates fair value.
(e)Fair value of demand deposits, savings and interest checking accounts and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.
(f)Fair value was determined by discounting anticipated future cash payments using rates currently available for instruments with similar remaining maturities.
(g)Fair value was determined based upon market prices of securities with similar terms and maturities.

This summary excludes certain financial assets and liabilities for which the carrying value approximates fair value. For financial assets, these may include cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and short-term investments. For financial liabilities, these may include federal funds purchased. These instruments would all be considered to be classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. Also excluded from the summary are financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis, as previously described.

The Company considers its current use of financial instruments to be the highest and best use of the instruments.

38
NOTE 8 - REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company has disaggregated its revenue from contracts with customers into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following table presents the revenue streams that the Company has disaggregated for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
March 31
2026		March 31
2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Deposit account fees (inclusive of cash management fees)$9,249 $7,053 
Interchange fees3,365 3,083 
ATM fees1,085 1,032 
Investment management - wealth management and advisory services12,849 10,022 
Investment management - retail investments and insurance revenue1,316 1,198 
Payment processing income 779 560 
Credit card income814 587 
Other non-interest income1,542 1,563 
Total non-interest income in-scope of ASC 606 30,999 25,098 
Total non-interest income out-of-scope of ASC 606 9,263 7,441 
Total non-interest income$40,262 $32,539 

In each of the revenue streams identified above, there were no significant judgments made in determining or allocating the transaction price, as the consideration and service requirements are generally explicitly identified in the associated contracts.

The following table provides the amount of investment management revenue earned but not received as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Receivables, included in other assets $8,011 $7,884 

39

NOTE 9 - OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following tables present a reconciliation of the changes in the components of other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods indicated, including the amount of income tax (expense) benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss):
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2026
Pre-Tax
Amount		Tax (Expense)
Benefit		After Tax
Amount
 (Dollars in thousands)
Change in fair value of securities available for sale$(12,282)$2,789 $(9,493)
Less: net security losses reclassified into other non-interest expense— — — 
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale(12,282)2,789 (9,493)
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges(1,412)388 (1,024)
Less: net cash flow hedge losses reclassified into interest income or interest expense (1,367)375 (992)
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges(45)13 (32)
Amortization of net actuarial gains(30)8 (22)
Amortization of net prior service costs4 (1)3 
Net change in other comprehensive income for defined benefit postretirement plans (1)
(26)7 (19)
Total other comprehensive loss$(12,353)$2,809 $(9,544)
 Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025
 Pre-Tax
Amount		Tax (Expense)
Benefit		After Tax
Amount
 (Dollars in thousands)
Change in fair value of securities available for sale$21,264 $(4,870)$16,394 
Less: net security losses reclassified into other non-interest expense— — — 
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale21,264 (4,870)16,394 
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges2,089 (572)1,517 
Less: net cash flow hedge losses reclassified into interest income or interest expense (2,670)731 (1,939)
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges4,759 (1,303)3,456 
Amortization of net actuarial gains(66)18 (48)
Amortization of net prior service costs4 (1)3 
Net change in other comprehensive income for defined benefit postretirement plans (1)
(62)17 (45)
Total other comprehensive income$25,961 $(6,156)$19,805 

(1)The amortization of prior service costs is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost as disclosed in Note 13 - Employee Benefit Plans within the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of the 2025 Form 10-K.
40
Information on the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, is comprised of the following components as of the dates indicated:
Unrealized Gain (Loss)
on Securities		Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow HedgeDefined Benefit Postretirement PlansAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Dollars in thousands)
2026
Beginning balance: January 1, 2026$(36,727)$(5,509)$2,482 $(39,754)
Net change in other comprehensive loss(9,493)(32)(19)(9,544)
Ending balance: March 31, 2026$(46,220)$(5,541)$2,463 $(49,298)
 2025
Beginning balance: January 1, 2025$(79,488)$(13,862)$3,343 $(90,007)
Net change in other comprehensive income (loss)16,394 3,456 (45)19,805 
Ending balance: March 31, 2025$(63,094)$(10,406)$3,298 $(70,202)


NOTE 10 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk
    
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various transactions to meet the financing needs of its customers, which, in accordance with GAAP, are not included in its Consolidated Balance Sheets. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, and loan exposures with recourse, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company minimizes its exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures.

    The Company enters into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of these commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding.

The Company has certain loan exposures for which there is recourse. These loan relationships could require the Company to repurchase or cover certain losses per agreements for certain loans that are either sold or referred to third parties.
    
Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, the Company would be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment were funded, the Company would be entitled to seek recovery from the customer. The Company’s policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements contain security and debt covenants similar to those contained in loan agreements.
    
The fees collected in connection with the issuance of standby letters of credit are representative of the fair value of the Company’s obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. In accordance with applicable accounting standards related to guarantees, fees collected in connection with the issuance of standby letters of credit are deferred. The fees are then recognized in income proportionately over the life of the standby letter of credit agreement. The deferred standby letter of credit fees represent the fair value of the Company’s potential obligations under the standby letter of credit guarantees.
41
    
The following table summarizes the above financial instruments at the dates indicated:
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commitments to extend credit$6,361,190 $6,378,011 
Loan exposures sold with recourse128,083 131,108 
Standby letters of credit68,108 65,559 
Deferred standby letter of credit fees464 432 

Lease Commitments

The Company leases space for offices, parking, and ATM locations, as well as certain branch locations under non-cancellable operating leases. Several of these leases contain renewal options to extend lease terms for a period of 1 to 20 years.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2026, there were no significant changes in future minimum lease payments payable by the Company. See the 2025 Form 10-K for information regarding leases and other commitments.

Other Contingencies

At March 31, 2026, the Bank was involved in pending lawsuits, which management has reviewed with legal counsel and has taken into consideration the view of counsel as to their outcome. In the opinion of management, the final disposition of pending lawsuits is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

NOTE 11 - SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company is a bank holding company, the principal subsidiary of which is the Bank. The Bank provides a variety of banking, investment, and financial services through its retail branches, commercial banking centers, investment management offices, and mortgage lending centers throughout Eastern Massachusetts, as well as in Worcester County, Southern New Hampshire, and Rhode Island. The Bank is a community-oriented commercial bank, and has only one reportable segment, which is community banking. The community banking segment derives revenues primarily from providing loans to individuals and small-to-medium sized businesses in its market area. The accounting policies of the community banking segment are the same as those described in Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of the 2025 Form 10-K.

The Company’s reportable segment is determined by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, who are the Company’s designated chief operating decision makers (“CODMs”), based upon information about the Company’s products and services offered to customers as part of its community banking operations. The CODMs assess performance for the community banking segment and decide how to allocate resources based on the Company’s consolidated net income and diluted earnings per share, as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The significant expense categories reviewed by the CODMs are also consistent with those presented on the Consolidated Statements of Income, with an emphasis on interest expense on deposits and borrowings, as well as provision for credit losses, salaries and benefits, and occupancy and equipment costs. Other segment expenses are comprised of the remaining expense categories presented on the Consolidated Statements of Income, including other non-interest expenses. Other non-interest expenses are inclusive of costs related to professional services, advertising, technology and communications costs, and various other general and administrative costs. Net income and diluted earnings per share are used by the CODMs to monitor management’s budgeted results versus actual, as well as to benchmark the Company’s relative performance against other banking institutions in its peer group. The results of these monitoring and benchmarking analyses are used in assessing performance of the community banking segment and to inform decisions surrounding general corporate strategy, capital allocations, and compensation. Asset details provided to the CODMs are consistent with those reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with an emphasis on interest-earning assets, including loans and investment securities, which provide the majority of revenues generated by the community banking segment.

42

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, notes and tables included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “2025 Form 10-K”).

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

    This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”), in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are not historical facts and include expressions about management’s confidence and strategies and management’s expectations about new and existing programs and products, acquisitions, relationships, opportunities, taxation, technology, market conditions and economic expectations. These statements may be identified by forward-looking terminology such as “should,” “could,” “will,” “may,” “expect,” “believe,” “forecast,” “view,” “opportunity,” “allow,” “continues,” “reflects,” “typically,” “usually,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” or similar statements or variations of such terms. Such forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties and our actual results may differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements, in addition to those risk factors listed under the “Risk Factors” section of the 2025 Form 10-K, include but are not limited to:

•adverse economic conditions in the regional and local economies within the New England region and the Company’s market area;
•events impacting the financial services industry, including high profile bank failures, and any resulting decreased confidence in banks among depositors, investors, and other counterparties, as well as competition for deposits and significant disruption, volatility and depressed valuations of equity and other securities of banks in the capital markets;
•the effects to the Company of an increasingly competitive labor market, including the possibility that the Company will have to devote significant resources to attract and retain qualified personnel;
•political and policy uncertainties, changes in U.S. and international trade policies, such as tariffs or other factors, and the potential impact of such factors on the Company and its customers, including the potential for decreases in deposits and loan demand, unanticipated loan delinquencies, loss of collateral and decreased service revenues;
•the instability or volatility in financial markets and unfavorable domestic or global general economic, political or business conditions, including international conflicts and hostilities, such as the ongoing conflict involving Israel, the U.S. and Iran;
•unanticipated loan delinquencies, loss of collateral, decreased service revenues, and other potential negative effects on the Company’s local economies or the Company’s business caused by adverse weather conditions and natural disasters, changes in climate, public health crises or other external events and any actions taken by governmental authorities in response to any such events;
•adverse changes or volatility in the local real estate market, including limitations on rent growth, increases in operating expenses, reductions in property cash flows, reductions in collateral values, and decreased investor demand, which may be exacerbated by legislative or regulatory actions such as rent control or tenant protection laws, including a pending ballot initiative which would establish rent control for all residential properties in Massachusetts, subject to limited exceptions;
•changes in interest rates and any resulting impact on interest earning assets and/or interest bearing liabilities, the level of voluntary prepayments on loans and the receipt of payments on mortgage-backed securities, decreased loan demand or increased difficulty in the ability of borrowers to repay variable rate loans;
•risks related to the Company’s acquisition activities, including disruption to current plans and operations; difficulties in customer and employee retention; fees, expenses and charges related to these transactions being significantly higher than anticipated; impairment of goodwill and/or other intangibles; and the Company’s inability to achieve expected revenues, cost savings, synergies, and other benefits at levels or within the timeframes originally anticipated;
•the effect of laws, regulations, new requirements or expectations, or additional regulatory oversight in the highly regulated financial services industry, and the resulting need to invest in technology to meet heightened regulatory expectations, increased costs of compliance or required adjustments to strategy;
•changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;
•higher than expected tax expense, including as a result of failure to comply with general tax laws and changes in tax laws;
43
•increased competition in the Company’s market areas, including competition that could impact deposit gathering, retention of deposits and the cost of deposits, increased competition due to the demand for innovative products and service offerings, and competition from non-depository institutions which may be subject to fewer regulatory constraints and lower cost structures;
•a deterioration in the conditions of the securities markets;
•a deterioration of the credit rating for U.S. long-term sovereign debt or uncertainties surrounding the federal budget;
•inability to adapt to changes in information technology, including changes to industry accepted delivery models driven by a migration to the internet as a means of service delivery, including any inability to effectively implement new technology-driven products, such as artificial intelligence (“AI”);
•electronic or other fraudulent activity within the financial services industry, especially in the commercial banking sector;
•adverse changes in consumer spending and savings habits;
•the effect of laws and regulations regarding the financial services industry, including the need to invest in technology to meet heightened regulatory expectations or the introduction of new requirements or expectations resulting in increased costs of compliance or required adjustments to strategy;
•changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance) generally applicable to the Company’s business and the associated costs of such changes;
•the Company’s potential judgments, claims, damages, penalties, fines and reputational damage resulting from pending or future litigation and regulatory and government actions;
•changes in accounting policies, practices and standards, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, and other accounting standard setters;
•operational risks related to the Company and its customers’ reliance on information technology; cyber threats, attacks, intrusions, and fraud; and outages or other issues impacting the Company or its third party service providers which could lead to interruptions or disruptions of the Company’s operating systems, including systems that are customer facing, and adversely impact the Company’s business;
•risks related to the development and use of AI by the Company, its third-party vendors, clients and counterparties; and
•any unexpected material adverse changes in the Company’s operations or earnings.

Except as required by law, the Company disclaims any intent or obligation to update publicly any such forward-looking statements, whether in response to new information, future events or otherwise. Any public statements or disclosures by the Company following this Report which modify or impact any of the forward-looking statements contained in this Report will be deemed to modify or supersede such statements in this Report.

All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation, including a reclassification of the Company’s small business portfolio, with the majority of the portfolio reclassified into the commercial and industrial category, and the remainder of the portfolio, consisting of loans secured by non-owner occupied real estate, reclassified to the commercial real estate category.
44


Selected Quarterly Financial Data

The selected consolidated financial and other data of the Company set forth below does not purport to be complete and should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the more detailed information, including the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes, appearing elsewhere in this Report.
Three Months Ended
March 31
2026		December 31
2025		September 30
2025		June 30
2025		March 31
2025
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Financial condition data
Securities$3,371,974 $3,309,575 $3,325,015 $2,695,280 $2,719,792 
Loans18,425,478 18,503,777 18,452,443 14,533,828 14,491,969 
Allowance for credit losses(190,560)(189,877)(190,476)(144,773)(144,092)
Goodwill and other intangible assets1,217,297 1,224,186 1,225,106 994,814 996,013 
Total assets24,783,580 24,912,896 24,993,239 20,048,934 19,888,209 
Total deposits20,097,510 20,126,790 20,295,869 15,893,740 15,676,017 
Total borrowings776,256 825,847 775,377 759,428 859,874 
Stockholders’ equity3,542,041 3,565,728 3,546,887 3,074,856 3,033,392 
Non-performing loans96,643 83,557 86,597 56,217 89,493 
Non-performing assets98,743 85,657 88,697 58,317 89,493 
Income statement
Interest income$290,265 $297,535 $294,753 $218,192 $211,920 
Interest expense77,806 85,049 91,409 70,696 66,415 
Net interest income212,459 212,486 203,344 147,496 145,505 
Provision for credit losses5,500 4,750 38,519 7,200 15,000 
Non-interest income40,262 41,445 40,398 34,308 32,539 
Non-interest expenses142,918 154,370 160,836 108,798 105,878 
Net income79,919 75,335 34,262 51,101 44,424 
Per share data
Net income—basic$1.63 $1.52 $0.69 $1.20 $1.04 
Net income—diluted1.63 1.52 0.69 1.20 1.04 
Cash dividends declared0.64 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 
Book value per share72.92 72.41 71.24 72.13 71.19 
Tangible book value per share (1)
47.86 47.55 46.63 48.80 47.81 
Performance ratios
Return on average assets1.31 %1.20 %0.55 %1.04 %0.93 %
Return on average common equity9.02 %8.38 %3.82 %6.68 %5.94 %
Net interest margin (on a fully tax equivalent basis)3.90 %3.77 %3.62 %3.37 %3.42 %
Dividend payout ratio36.36 %39.01 %73.41 %49.20 %54.53 %
Asset Quality Ratios
Non-performing loans as a percent of gross loans0.52 %0.45 %0.47 %0.39 %0.62 %
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets0.40 %0.34 %0.35 %0.29 %0.45 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percent of total loans1.03 %1.03 %1.03 %1.00 %0.99 %
45
Allowance for credit losses as a percent of non-performing loans197.18 %227.24 %219.96 %257.53 %161.01 %
Capital ratios
Equity to assets14.29 %14.31 %14.19 %15.34 %15.25 %
Tangible equity to tangible assets (1)
9.86 %9.88 %9.77 %10.92 %10.78 %
Tier 1 leverage capital ratio10.23 %10.15 %10.11 %11.44 %11.43 %
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio12.89 %12.86 %12.84 %14.70 %14.52 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio12.89 %12.86 %12.84 %14.70 %14.52 %
Total risk-based capital ratio15.76 %15.70 %15.68 %18.08 %17.91 %

(1)     Represents a non-GAAP measure. For reconciliation to GAAP book value per share, see Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Executive Level Overview - Non-GAAP Measures” below.


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Executive Level Overview

    Management evaluates the Company’s operating results and financial condition using measures that include net income, earnings per share, return on assets and equity, return on tangible common equity, net interest margin, tangible book value per share, asset quality indicators, and many others. These metrics are used by management to make key decisions regarding the Company’s balance sheet, liquidity, interest rate sensitivity, and capital resources and assist with identifying opportunities for improving the Company’s financial position or operating results. The Company is focused on organic growth, but will also consider acquisition opportunities that are expected to provide a satisfactory financial return.

Financial Highlights
    
•The company reported net income of $79.9 million, or $1.63 on a diluted earnings per share basis, as compared to $44.4 million, or $1.04 on a diluted earnings per share basis, for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in net income was driven primarily by the Company’s July 2025 acquisition of Enterprise Bancorp Inc. (“Enterprise”) and improving net interest margin.

•Financial results for the first quarter of 2026 were inclusive of $3.0 million of pre-tax merger-related costs related to the Enterprise acquisition, as compared to $1.2 million during the same prior year period. Excluding these merger-related costs associated with the Enterprise acquisition, and their related tax effects, operating net income was $82.1 million, or $1.68 per diluted share for the first quarter of 2026, as compared to $45.3 million, or $1.06 per diluted share basis for the first quarter of 2025(1).

•The net interest margin of 3.90% compared to 3.42% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and was driven by higher yields on interest-earning assets and decreased funding costs.

•Loan balances decreased by $78.3 million from December 31, 2025, with core commercial and industrial growth offset by runoff in the commercial and residential portfolios.

•Deposits decreased $29.3 million from December 31, 2025, driven primarily by seasonality in business operating balances.

•The Company executed on its previously announced $150 million stock repurchase plan, buying back approximately 802,000 shares of common stock for $63.3 million at an average price per share of $78.85.

•The Company’s tangible book value per share at March 31, 2026 grew by $0.31 compared to December 31, 2025(1).

•The Company increased its quarterly dividend by 8.5% in the first quarter of 2026, from $0.59 to $0.64 per share.

•The first quarter 2025 provision for credit losses increased to $5.5 million, as compared to $4.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2025.

•Net charge-offs decreased slightly to $4.8 million, as compared to $5.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2025, representing 0.11% and 0.12%, respectively, of average loans annualized. The largest individual charge-off in the quarter was $4.2 million related to a commercial real estate loan that was partially reserved for in the prior quarter.

•During the first quarter of 2026, the Company’s non-performing loans increased to $96.6 million as compared to $83.6 million at December 31, 2025.

(1)Represents a non-GAAP measure. See “Non-GAAP Measures” below for reconciliation to the corresponding GAAP measures.

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Non-GAAP Measures

When management assesses the Company’s financial performance for purposes of making day-to-day and strategic decisions, it does so based upon the performance of its core banking business, which is primarily derived from the combination of net interest income and non-interest or fee income, reduced by operating expenses, the provision for credit losses, and the impact of income taxes and other non-core items shown in the table that follows. There are items that impact the Company’s results that management believes are unrelated to its core banking business such as gains or losses on the sales of securities, merger and acquisition expenses, provision for credit losses on acquired portfolios, loss on extinguishment of debt, impairment and other items. Management, therefore, excludes items management considers to be non-core when computing the Company’s non-GAAP operating earnings and operating EPS, non-interest income on an operating basis, non-interest expense on an operating basis, and efficiency ratio on an operating basis. Management believes excluding these items facilitates greater visibility into the Company’s core banking business and underlying trends that may, to some extent, be obscured by inclusion of such items.
    
Management also supplements its evaluation of financial performance with analysis of tangible book value per share (which is computed by dividing stockholders’ equity less goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, or “tangible common equity,” by common shares outstanding), and the tangible common equity ratio (which is computed by dividing tangible common equity by “tangible assets,” defined as total assets less goodwill and other intangibles). The Company has included information on tangible book value per share and the tangible common equity ratio because management believes that investors may find it useful to have access to the same analytical tools used by management.  As a result of merger and acquisition activity, the Company has recognized goodwill and other intangible assets in conjunction with business combination accounting principles.  Excluding the impact of goodwill and other intangibles in measuring asset and capital values for the ratios provided, along with other bank standard capital ratios, provides a framework to compare the capital adequacy of the Company to other companies in the financial services industry.

These non-GAAP measures should not be viewed as a substitute for operating results and other financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. An item which management excludes when computing these non-GAAP measures can be of substantial importance to the Company’s results for any particular quarter or year. The Company’s non-GAAP performance measures, including operating net income, operating EPS, tangible book value per share, and the tangible common equity ratio, are not necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures which may be presented by other companies.

The following table summarizes the impact of non-core items on net income and reconciles non-GAAP net operating earnings to net income available to common shareholders for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended March 31
Net IncomeDiluted
Earnings Per Share
2026202520262025
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net income available to common shareholders (GAAP)$79,919 $44,424 $1.63 $1.04 
Non-GAAP adjustments
Non-interest expense components
Add: merger and acquisition expenses3,024 1,155 0.07 0.03 
Non-core increases to income before taxes3,024 1,155 0.07 0.03 
Net taxes associated with non-core items (1)(830)(325)(0.02)(0.01)
Non-core increases to net income2,194 830 0.05 0.02 
Operating net income (Non-GAAP)$82,113 $45,254 $1.68 $1.06 
(1)The net tax benefit associated with non-core items is determined by assessing whether each non-core item is included or excluded from net taxable income and applying the Company’s combined marginal tax rate to only those items included in net taxable income.

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The following table summarizes the calculation of tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio and tangible book value per share and shows the reconciliation of non-GAAP measures:
March 31
2026		December 31
2025		September 30
2025		June 30
2025		March 31
2025
Tangible common equity(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Stockholders’ equity (GAAP)$3,542,041$3,565,728$3,546,887$3,074,856$3,033,392(a)
Less: Goodwill and other intangibles1,217,2971,224,1861,231,242994,814996,013
Tangible common equity (Non-GAAP)2,324,7442,341,5422,315,6452,080,0422,037,379(b)
Common shares48,572,23749,243,81349,787,30542,627,28642,610,271(c)
Book value per share (GAAP)$72.92 $72.41 $71.24 $72.13 $71.19 (a/c)
Tangible book value per share (Non-GAAP)$47.86 $47.55 $46.51 $48.80 $47.81 (b/c)

Critical Accounting Estimates

Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant management judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Certain estimates associated with these policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of assumptions and judgments and, as such, have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. These critical accounting estimates are defined as estimates made in accordance with GAAP that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had, or are reasonably likely to have, a material impact on financial condition or results of operations.

There have been no material changes in critical accounting estimates during the first three months of 2026. Refer to “Critical Accounting Estimates” in Item 7. “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the 2025 Form 10-K for a complete listing of critical accounting policies.

FINANCIAL POSITION

Securities Portfolio The Company's securities portfolio primarily consists of U.S. Treasury, U.S. government agency securities, agency mortgage-backed securities, agency collateralized mortgage obligations, municipal securities and small business administration pooled securities. Also included in the Company’s securities portfolio are trading and equity securities related to certain employee benefit programs. The majority of these securities are investment grade debt obligations with average lives of five years or less. U.S. government agency securities entail a lesser degree of risk than loans made by the Bank by virtue of the guarantees that back them, require less capital under risk-based capital rules than non-insured or non-guaranteed mortgage loans, are more liquid than individual mortgage loans, and may be used to collateralize borrowings or other obligations of the Bank. The Bank views its securities portfolio as a source of income and liquidity. Interest and principal payments generated from securities provide a source of liquidity to fund loans and meet short-term cash needs.

Total securities increased by $62.4 million, or 1.9%, to $3.4 billion at March 31, 2026 compared to $3.3 billion at December 31, 2025, driven by new purchases of $168.4 million in the available for sale portfolio which were partially offset by maturities, calls, and paydowns in the combined available for sale and held to maturity portfolios. Total securities represented 13.6% and 13.3% of total assets at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company estimates expected credit losses for its available for sale and held to maturity securities in accordance with the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) methodology. Further details regarding the Company's measurement of expected credit losses on securities can be found in Note 3 “Securities” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report.

Residential Mortgage Loan Sales The Bank’s residential mortgage loans are generally originated in compliance with terms, conditions and documentation which permit the sale of such loans to investors in the secondary market. Loan sales in the secondary market provide funds for additional lending and other banking activities. Depending on market conditions, the Bank may sell the servicing of the sold loans for a servicing released premium, simultaneous with the sale of the loan. For the remainder of the sold loans for which the Company retains the servicing, a mortgage servicing asset is recognized. Additionally, as part of its asset/liability management strategy, the Bank may opt to retain certain residential real estate loan originations for its portfolio. When a loan is sold, the Company enters into agreements that contain representations and
49
warranties about the characteristics of the loans sold and their origination. The Company may be required to either repurchase mortgage loans or to indemnify the purchaser from losses if representations and warranties are found to be not accurate in all material respects. The Company incurred no losses related to residential mortgage repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
    
     The volume of residential real estate loan sales fluctuate based on customer demands, which is often driven by the interest rate environment. The following table shows the total residential real estate loans closed and the breakdown of amounts held in portfolio or sold (or held for sale) in the secondary market during the periods indicated:

Table 1 - Closed Residential Real Estate Loans
 Three Months Ended March 31
 20262025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Held in portfolio$39,577 $45,250 
Sold or held for sale in the secondary market76,473 38,272 
Total closed loans$116,050 $83,522 



When a loan is sold, the Company may decide to also sell the servicing of sold loans for a servicing release premium, simultaneously with the sale of the loan, or the Company may opt to sell the loan and retain the servicing. The table below reflects additional information related to the loans sold during the periods indicated and the sale or retention of the related servicing rights:

Table 2 - Residential Mortgage Loan Sales
Three Months Ended March 31
20262025
(Dollars in thousands)
Sold with servicing rights released$94,756 $35,971 
Sold with servicing rights retained (1)
452 1,105 
Total loans sold$95,208 $37,076 
(1) All loans sold with servicing rights retained during the above periods were sold without recourse.

In the event of a sale with servicing rights retained, a mortgage servicing asset is established, which represents the then current estimated fair value based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts, when available, or alternatively is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses. Servicing rights are recorded in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income, and are assessed for impairment based on fair value at each reporting date. Impairment is determined by stratifying the rights based on predominant characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance, to the extent that fair value is less than the capitalized amount. If the Company later determines that all or a portion of the impairment no longer exists, a reduction of the allowance may be recorded as an increase to income. The principal balance of loans serviced by the Bank on behalf of investors was $260.9 million, $266.0 million and $275.8 million at March 31, 2026, December 31, 2025, and March 31, 2025, respectively.
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    The following table shows the adjusted cost of the servicing rights associated with these loans and the changes for the periods indicated:
Table 3 - Mortgage Servicing Asset
 Three Months Ended March 31
 20262025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period$2,209 $2,466 
Additions5 8 
Amortization(80)(86)
Change in valuation allowance37 (14)
Balance at end of period $2,171 $2,374 

See Note 6, “Derivative and Hedging Activities” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report for more information on mortgage activity and mortgage related derivatives.

Loan Portfolio The Company’s total loan portfolio at March 31, 2026 decreased $78.3 million, or 0.4%, when compared to December 31, 2025, driven primarily by a decrease in the combined commercial real estate and construction portfolio of $89.6 million, or 0.9%, due to elevated payoffs and amortization of balances, including a reduction of $55.9 million in the Company’s office portfolio. This decrease was partially offset by growth in commercial and industrial portfolio of $39.7 million, or 0.9% (3.5% annualized), despite runoff of $38.7 million attributable to the Company’s strategic exit from the dealer finance business.

The total consumer portfolio decreased $28.3 million, or 0.7%, primarily attributable to a decline in the residential real estate portfolio of $31.3 million, or 1.1%, reflecting seasonally lower volume. This decrease was partially offset by a modest increase in the home equity portfolio of $10.1 million, or 0.8% (3.2% annualized).

The Bank’s commercial real estate portfolio, inclusive of commercial construction, is the Bank’s largest loan type concentration. The Bank believes this portfolio is well diversified with loans secured by a variety of property types, such as non-owner-occupied commercial real estate, retail, office, industrial, warehouse, industrial development bonds and other special purpose properties, such as hotels, motels, nursing homes, restaurants, churches, and recreational facilities. The portfolio also includes loans secured by certain residential-related property types including multi-family apartment buildings, residential development tracts and condominiums.





















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The following pie chart shows the diversification of the commercial real estate loan portfolio as of March 31, 2026:
807
*Inclusive of commercial construction balances.

Select Statistics Regarding the Commercial Real Estate Portfolio
(Dollars in thousands)
Average loan size$1,547 
Largest individual commercial real estate mortgage outstanding$59,029 
Commercial real estate non-performing loans/commercial real estate loans0.68 %
    
Commercial and industrial loans consist of both term loans and revolving or non-revolving lines of credit. Term loans generally have a repayment schedule of five years or less and are collateralized by equipment, machinery or other business assets. In addition, the Bank generally obtains personal guarantees from the principal owners of the borrower for its commercial and industrial loans. Lines of credit, including asset-based lines, are typically collateralized by accounts receivable, inventory, or both, as well as other business assets. Commercial lines of credit and asset-based lines generally are reviewed on an annual basis and usually require either a borrowing base formula or reflect varying levels of repayment of principal during the course of a year. Additionally, other commercial term loans are typically secured by machinery and equipment, and/or owner occupied commercial real estate. To limit the risk within this portfolio, the loans are made across a diverse set of industry groups.












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The following pie chart shows the diversification of the commercial and industrial portfolio as of March 31, 2026:
1992
Select Statistics Regarding the Commercial and Industrial Portfolio
(Dollars in thousands)
Average loan size (excluding floor plan tranches) $272 
Largest individual commercial and industrial loan outstanding $45,095 
Commercial and industrial non-performing loans/commercial and industrial loans0.18 %

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The Company’s consumer portfolio primarily consists of both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate residential real estate loans as well as residential construction lending related to single-home residential development within the Company’s market area. The Company also provides home equity loans and lines of credit that may be made as a fixed-rate term loan or under a variable rate revolving line of credit secured by a first or junior mortgage on the borrower’s residence or second home. Additionally, the Company makes loans for other personal needs. Other consumer loans primarily consist of investment management secured lines of credit, installment loans and overdraft protections. The residential real estate, home equity and other consumer portfolios totaled $4.2 billion at March 31, 2026, as noted below:
2743

(Dollars in thousands)
Average loan size$123 
Largest individual consumer loan outstanding$7,860 
Consumer non-performing loans/consumer loans0.54 %

Asset Quality   The Company continually monitors the asset quality of the loan portfolio using all available information. Based on this assessment, loans demonstrating certain payment issues or other weaknesses may be categorized as delinquent, non-performing and/or put on non-accrual status. Further details surrounding relevant asset quality categories are summarized below:

Delinquency     The Company’s philosophy toward managing its loan portfolios is predicated upon careful monitoring, which stresses early detection and response to delinquent and default situations.  The Company seeks to make arrangements to resolve any delinquent or default situation over the shortest possible time frame.  Generally, the Company requires that a delinquency notice be mailed to a borrower upon expiration of a grace period (typically no longer than 15 days beyond the due date).  Reminder notices may be sent and telephone calls may be made prior to the expiration of the grace period. If the delinquent status is not resolved within a reasonable time frame following the mailing of a delinquency notice, the Bank’s personnel charged with managing its loan portfolios contacts the borrower to ascertain the reasons for delinquency and the prospects for payment.  Any subsequent actions taken to resolve the delinquency will depend upon the nature of the loan and the length of time that the loan has been delinquent. The borrower’s needs are considered as much as reasonably possible without jeopardizing the Bank’s position. A late charge is usually assessed on loans upon expiration of the grace period as permitted by loan agreements.

Non-accrual Loans     As a general rule, loans 90 days or more past due with respect to principal or interest are classified as non-accrual loans, or sooner if management considers such action to be prudent. However, certain loans that are 90 days or
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more past due may be kept on an accruing status if the loans are well secured and in the process of collection. Income accruals are suspended on all non-accrual loans and all previously accrued and uncollected interest is reversed against current income. A loan remains on non-accrual status until it becomes current with respect to principal and interest and remains current for a minimum period of six months, the loan is liquidated, or when the loan is determined to be uncollectible and is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses.

Loan Modifications In the course of resolving problem loans, the Company may choose to modify the contractual terms of certain loans. The Company attempts to work out an alternative payment schedule with the borrower in order to avoid or cure a default. Terms may be modified to fit the ability of the borrower to repay in line with its current financial status and may include adjustments to term extensions, interest rates, and accommodations for other than insignificant payment delays and/or a combination thereof. These actions are intended to minimize economic loss and avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. If such efforts by the Company do not result in satisfactory performance, the loan is referred to legal counsel, at which time foreclosure proceedings are initiated. At any time prior to a sale of the property at foreclosure, the Company may terminate foreclosure proceedings if the borrower is able to work out a satisfactory payment plan. All loan modifications are reviewed by the Company to identify if a borrower is deemed to be experiencing financial difficulty at time of the modification.
    Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans     Purchased Credit Deteriorated (“PCD”) loans are acquired loans which have shown a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination. PCD loans are recorded at amortized cost with an allowance for credit losses recorded upon purchase.

Non-performing Assets      Non-performing assets are typically comprised of non-performing loans and other real estate owned (“OREO”). Non-performing loans consist of non-accrual loans and loans that are 90 days or more past due but still accruing interest.

OREO consists of real estate properties, which have primarily served as collateral to secure loans, that are controlled or owned by the Bank. These properties are recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell at the date control is established, resulting in a new cost basis. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan exceeds the fair value (net of estimated costs to sell) of the foreclosed asset is charged to the allowance for credit losses. Subsequent declines in the fair value of the foreclosed asset below the new cost basis are recorded through the use of a valuation allowance. Subsequent increases in the fair value are recorded as reductions in the valuation allowance, but not below zero. All costs incurred thereafter in maintaining the property are generally charged to non-interest expense. In the event the real estate is utilized as a rental property, net rental income and expenses are recorded as incurred within non-interest expense.

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The following table sets forth information regarding non-performing assets held by the Company at the dates indicated:

Table 4 - Non-Performing Assets
March 31
2026		December 31
2025		March 31
2025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis
Commercial and industrial $8,453 $9,160 $9,839 
Commercial real estate64,851 50,515 65,840 
Commercial construction698 3,693 — 
Residential real estate15,593 15,043 10,966 
Home equity7,011 5,102 2,840 
Other consumer37 44 8 
Total non-performing loans$96,643 $83,557 $89,493 
Other real estate owned2,100 2,100 — 
Total non-performing assets $98,743 $85,657 $89,493 
Non-performing loans as a percent of gross loans0.52 %0.45 %0.62 %
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets0.40 %0.34 %0.45 %


    The following table summarizes the changes in non-performing assets for the periods indicated:
Table 5 - Activity in Non-Performing Assets
Three Months Ended
March 31
2026		March 31
2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Non-performing assets beginning balance$85,657 $101,529 
New to non-performing 24,714 41,777 
Loans charged-off(5,776)(41,400)
Loans paid-off(5,272)(10,932)
Loans restored to performing status(608)(1,356)
Other28 (125)
Non-performing assets ending balance$98,743 $89,493 


Allowance for Credit Losses  The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level that management considers appropriate to provide for the Company’s current estimate of expected lifetime credit losses on loans measured at amortized cost. The allowance is increased by providing for credit losses through a charge to expense and by credits for recoveries of loans previously charged-off and is reduced by loans being charged-off.

In accordance with its Allowance for Credit Losses Program, the Company uses the CECL model methodology to estimate credit losses for financial assets on a collective basis for loans sharing similar risk characteristics using a quantitative model combined with an assessment of certain qualitative factors designed to address forecast risk and model risk inherent in the quantitative model output. The model estimates expected credit losses using loan level data over the contractual life of the exposure, which is adjusted for estimated prepayments. Economic forecasts are incorporated into the estimate over a reasonable and supportable forecast period of 12 months, beyond which is a reversion to the Company’s historical long-run average over a period of six months. The Company’s qualitative assessment is structured based upon nine qualitative risk factors impacting the expected risk of loss within the loan portfolio, with an additional factor designed to capture model imprecision. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with any pools of assets are subject to individual assessment and are removed from the collectively assessed pools to avoid double counting. For the loans that will be individually assessed,
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the Company uses either a discounted cash flow approach or a fair value of collateral approach. The latter approach is used for loans deemed to be collateral dependent or when foreclosure is probable.

Management’s allowance for credit loss estimate incorporates an economic forecast over a reasonable and supportable period of 12 months. As of March 31, 2026, management utilized the Moody’s S6 forecast to estimate the effect of anticipated current and future economic conditions on the Company’s allowance for credit losses. This scenario selected by management assumes, among other things, a temporary but significant increase in oil prices related to the ongoing conflict in Iran, which in turn may lead to higher inflation, reduced economic growth, and greater uncertainty surrounding monetary policy changes implemented by the Federal Reserve. Additionally, the allowance for credit losses is qualitatively adjusted on a quarterly basis in order to ensure coverage for relationships that are deemed to be more at risk within certain industries, specific collateral types, or other specific characteristics that may be highly impacted by the current economic environment.

The allowance for credit losses of $190.6 million at March 31, 2026 represents an increase of $683,000, or 0.4%, compared to December 31, 2025, driven by provision for credit losses of $5.5 million, offset by net charge-offs of $4.8 million.
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The following table summarizes the ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding within each major loan category for the periods presented:

Table 6 - Summary of Net Charge-Offs/(Recoveries) to Average Loans Outstanding
Net Charge-Offs/(Recoveries)Average Loans OutstandingRatio of Annualized Net Charge-Offs to Average Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Commercial and industrial $311 $4,605,582 0.03 %
Commercial real estate4,034 8,240,241 0.20 %
Commercial construction— 1,404,278 — %
Residential real estate— 2,856,572 — %
Home equity(12)1,300,202 — %
Other consumer (1)
484 43,789 4.48 %
Total$4,817 $18,450,664 0.11 %
Net Charge-Offs/(Recoveries)Average Loans OutstandingRatio of Annualized Net Charge-Offs to Average Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Commercial and industrial $152 $3,250,960 0.02 %
Commercial real estate39,996 6,804,605 2.38 %
Commercial construction— 785,312 — %
Residential real estate— 2,464,464 — %
Home equity78 1,140,190 0.03 %
Other consumer (1)
666 38,618 6.99 %
Total$40,892 $14,484,149 1.14 %
(1)Other consumer portfolio is inclusive of deposit account overdrafts recorded as loan balances and the associated net charge-offs.


Net charge-offs were $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to $40.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The elevated charge-off activity in the prior year was primarily attributable to three isolated classified commercial loans.
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For purposes of the allowance for credit losses, management segregates the portfolio based upon loans sharing similar risk characteristics. The allocation of the allowance for credit losses is made to each loan category using the analytical techniques and estimation methods described in this Report. While these amounts represent management’s best estimate of credit losses at the evaluation dates, they are not necessarily indicative of either the categories in which actual losses may occur or the extent of actual losses that may be recognized within each category. Each of these loan categories possess unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level of allowance for each segment. The total allowance is available to absorb losses from any segment of the loan portfolio.

The following table sets forth the allocation of the allowance for credit losses by loan category at the dates indicated:
Table 7 - Summary of Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses
 
 March 31
2026		December 31
2025
 Allowance
Amount		Allowance Amount as a Percentage of Total AllowancePercent of Loans in Category to Total LoansAllowance
Amount		Allowance Amount as a Percentage of Total AllowancePercent of Loans in Category to Total Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial $49,282 25.8 %25.2 %$47,976 25.3 %24.9 %
Commercial real estate82,992 43.5 %44.5 %84,916 44.7 %44.7 %
Commercial construction14,212 7.5 %7.6 %14,254 7.5 %7.6 %
Residential real estate29,900 15.7 %15.4 %29,254 15.4 %15.5 %
Home equity13,268 7.0 %7.1 %12,376 6.5 %7.0 %
Other consumer906 0.5 %0.2 %1,101 0.6 %0.3 %
Total$190,560 100.0 %100.0 %$189,877 100.0 %100.0 %

To determine if a loan should be charged-off, all possible sources of repayment are analyzed. Possible sources of repayment include the potential for future cash flows, the value of the Bank’s collateral, and the strength of co-makers or guarantors. When available information confirms that specific loans or portions thereof are uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged-off against the allowance for credit losses and any recoveries of such previously charged-off amounts are credited to the allowance.

Regardless of whether a loan is unsecured or collateralized, the Company charges off the amount of any confirmed loan loss in the period when the loans, or portions of loans, are deemed uncollectible. For troubled, collateral-dependent loans, loss-confirming events may include an appraisal or other valuation that reflects a shortfall between the value of the collateral and the carrying value of the loan or receivable, or a deficiency balance following the sale of the collateral.

For additional information regarding the Company’s allowance for credit losses, see Note 4 “Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock The Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) is a cooperative that provides services to its member banking institutions. The primary reason for the FHLB of Boston membership is to gain access to a reliable source of wholesale funding as a tool to manage liquidity and interest rate risk. The purchase of stock in the FHLB is a requirement for a member to gain access to funding. The Company either purchases additional FHLB stock or is subject to redemption of FHLB stock proportional to the volume of funding received. The Company views the holdings as a necessary long-term investment for the purpose of balance sheet liquidity and not for investment return. The Company’s investments in FHLB of Boston stock decreased to $17.8 million at March 31, 2026 from $21.8 million at December 31, 2025 in conjunction with net paydowns of FHLB term borrowings during the first quarter of 2026.

    Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and other intangible assets were $1.2 billion at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
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The Company typically performs its annual goodwill impairment testing during the third quarter of the year, unless certain indicators suggest earlier testing to be warranted. Accordingly, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment testing during the third quarter of 2025 and determined that the Company’s goodwill was not impaired as of August 31, 2025. Other intangible assets are also reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. There were no other events or changes during the first quarter of 2026 that indicated impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets.

Cash Surrender Value of Life Insurance Policies The Bank holds life insurance policies for the purpose of offsetting its future obligations to its employees under its retirement and benefits plans. The cash surrender value of life insurance policies was $380.4 million at March 31, 2026 compared to $378.6 million at December 31, 2025.

The Company recorded tax exempt income from life insurance policies of $2.7 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company recorded $346,000 in gains on life insurance benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and no such gains were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Deposits As of March 31, 2026, total deposits were $20.1 billion, representing a decrease of $29.3 million, or 0.1%, from December 31, 2025, driven primarily by seasonal outflows in business operating accounts. Total non-interest bearing demand deposits comprised 28.0% of total deposits at March 31, 2026, as compared with 27.8% at December 31, 2025. The total cost of deposits was 1.36% and 1.56% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

The Company’s deposits are comprised primarily of core deposits (demand, savings and money market), as well as time deposits. The Company’s ratio of core deposits, inclusive of reciprocal money market deposits, to total deposits represented 83.8% of total deposits at March 31, 2026, compared to 83.7% of total deposits at December 31, 2025. In addition, the Company may also utilize brokered deposit sources, as needed, with balances of $6.0 million outstanding at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The Company’s deposit accounts are insured to the maximum extent permitted by the Deposit Insurance Fund which is administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The FDIC offers insurance coverage on deposits up to the federally insured limit of $250,000. The Company participates in the IntraFi Network, allowing it to provide easy access to multi-million dollar FDIC deposit insurance protection on certificate of deposit and money market investments for consumers, businesses and public entities. This channel allows the Company to access a reciprocal deposit exchange that can be used to benefit customers seeking increased FDIC insurance protection, and amounted to $2.1 billion and $2.2 billion at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The estimated balances of uninsured deposits at the Bank were $6.5 billion at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Included in these amounts were $971.4 million and $932.0 million of collateralized deposits at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, which offer additional protection.

Borrowings  The Company’s borrowings consist of both short-term and long-term borrowings and provide the Bank with one of its primary sources of funding. Maintaining available borrowing capacity provides the Bank with a contingent source of liquidity. Borrowings were $776.3 million at March 31, 2026, representing a decrease of $49.6 million, or 6.0%, as compared to December 31, 2025, reflecting approximately $100 million in net paydowns on FHLB borrowings, partially offset by $50 million advanced on a working capital line of credit during the first quarter of 2026.

The Company had $13.3 billion and $12.9 billion of assets pledged as collateral against borrowings at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. These assets are primarily pledged to the FHLB of Boston and the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.

Capital Resources On March 19, 2026 the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.64 per share to shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 30, 2026. This dividend was paid on April 9, 2026.
The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s and the Bank’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of Total, Tier 1 Capital and Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
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(as defined for regulatory purposes) to risk weighted assets (as defined for regulatory purposes) and Tier 1 Capital to average assets (as defined for regulatory purposes). Total capital consists of Tier 1 Capital and Tier 2 Capital, as defined in the regulations. Tier 2 capital includes the permissible portions of qualifying subordinated debt, trust preferred securities, and the allowance for credit losses.
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At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company and the Bank exceeded the minimum requirements for all applicable ratios that were in effect during the respective periods. The Company’s and the Bank’s capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table, along with the applicable minimum requirements as of each date indicated:

Table 8 - Company and Bank’s Capital Amounts and Ratios 
 ActualFor Capital Adequacy PurposesTo Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt
Corrective Action Provisions
 AmountRatioAmount RatioAmount Ratio
 March 31, 2026
 (Dollars in thousands)
Company (consolidated)
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)$2,946,536 15.76 %$1,495,582 ≥8.0 %N/AN/A
Common equity tier 1 capital
(to risk weighted assets)		2,409,235 12.89 %841,265 ≥4.5 %N/AN/A
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)2,409,235 12.89 %1,121,686 ≥6.0 %N/AN/A
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)2,409,235 10.23 %942,472 ≥4.0 %N/AN/A
Bank
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)$2,941,519 15.73 %$1,495,678 ≥8.0 %$1,869,598 ≥10.0 %
Common equity tier 1 capital
(to risk weighted assets)		2,761,877 14.77 %841,319 ≥4.5 %1,215,239 ≥6.5 %
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)2,761,877 14.77 %1,121,759 ≥6.0 %1,495,678 ≥8.0 %
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)2,761,877 11.72 %942,436 ≥4.0 %1,178,045 ≥5.0 %
 December 31, 2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Company (consolidated)
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)$2,953,734 15.70 %$1,504,816 ≥8.0 %N/AN/A
Common equity tier 1 capital
(to risk weighted assets)		2,418,180 12.86 %846,459 ≥4.5 %N/AN/A
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)2,418,180 12.86 %1,128,612 ≥6.0 %N/AN/A
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)2,418,180 10.15 %952,995 ≥4.0 %N/AN/A
Bank
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)$2,906,245 15.46 %$1,504,129 ≥8.0 %$1,880,162 ≥10.0 %
Common equity tier 1 capital
(to risk weighted assets)		2,728,127 14.51 %846,073 ≥4.5 %1,222,105 ≥6.5 %
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)2,728,127 14.51 %1,128,097 ≥6.0 %1,504,129 ≥8.0 %
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)2,728,127 11.45 %953,126 ≥4.0 %1,191,407 ≥5.0 %

    In addition to the minimum risk-based capital requirements outlined in the table above, the Company is required to maintain a minimum capital conservation buffer, in the form of common equity, in order to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonuses. The required amount of the capital conservation buffer is 2.5%. At March 31, 2026, the Company’s capital levels exceeded the buffer.

Dividend Restrictions The Company is subject to capital and dividend requirements administered by federal and state bank regulators, and the Company will not declare a cash dividend that would cause the Company to violate regulatory requirements. The Company is, in the ordinary course of business, dependent upon the receipt of cash dividends from the Bank to pay cash dividends to shareholders and satisfy the Company’s other cash needs. Federal and state law impose limits on capital distributions by the Bank. Massachusetts-chartered banks, such as the Bank, may declare from net profits cash dividends not more frequently than quarterly and non-cash dividends at any time. No dividends may be declared, credited, or paid if the Bank’s capital stock would be impaired. Massachusetts Bank Commissioner approval is required if the total of all
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dividends declared by the Bank in any calendar year would exceed the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits of the preceding two years, less any required transfer to surplus or a fund for the retirement of any preferred stock. Dividends paid by the Bank to the Company totaled $62.4 million and $36.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Investment Management The following table presents total assets under administration and number of accounts held by the Rockland Trust Investment Management Group at the following dates:

Table 9 - Assets Under Administration
March 31
2026		December 31
2025		March 31
2025
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets under administration$9,172,082 $9,217,333 $7,098,961 
Number of trust, fiduciary and agency accounts7,884 7,843 6,688 

The Company’s Investment Management Group provides investment management and trust services to individuals, institutions, small businesses, and charitable institutions.

Accounts maintained by the Investment Management Group consist of managed and non-managed accounts. Managed accounts are those for which the Bank is responsible for administration and investment management and/or investment advice, while non-managed accounts are those for which the Bank acts solely as a custodian or directed trustee. The Bank receives fees dependent upon the level and type of service(s) provided. The Investment Management Group generated gross fee revenues of $12.8 million and $10.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Total assets under administration at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were $9.2 billion, which included $444.8 million and $444.3 million, respectively, of investment solutions designed by Rockland Trust that are administered and executed through its agreement with LPL Financial (“LPL”). The Company also has a subsidiary that is a registered investment advisor, Bright Rock Capital Management, LLC (“Bright Rock”), which provides institutional quality investment management services to both institutional and high net worth clients. Total assets under administration as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 include $510.2 million and $520.5 million, respectively, related to Bright Rock.

The administration of trust and fiduciary accounts is monitored by the Trust Committee of the Bank’s Board of Directors. The Trust Committee has delegated administrative responsibilities to three committees, one for investments, one for administration, and one for operations, all of which are comprised of Investment Management Group officers who meet no less than quarterly.

The Bank has an agreement with LPL and its affiliates and their insurance subsidiary, LPL Insurance Associates, Inc., to offer the sale of mutual fund shares, unit investment trust shares, general securities, fixed and variable annuities and life insurance. Registered representatives who are both employed by the Bank and licensed and contracted with LPL are onsite to offer these products to the Bank’s customer base. These same agents are also approved and appointed with various other broker general agents for the purposes of processing insurance solutions for clients. Retail investments and insurance revenue was $1.3 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table provides a summary of results of operations for the periods presented:
Table 10 - Summary of Results of Operations
 
 Three Months Ended March 31
 20262025
 (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net income$79,919 $44,424 
Diluted earnings per share$1.63 $1.04 
Return on average assets1.31 %0.93 %
Return on average equity9.02 %5.94 %
Net interest margin3.90 %3.42 %

Net Interest Income The amount of net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates and by the volume, mix, and interest rate sensitivity of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

On a fully tax equivalent basis (“FTE”), net interest income for the first quarter of 2026 was $213.9 million, representing an increase of $67.3 million, or 45.9%, when compared to the first quarter of 2025. The first quarter 2026 increase in net interest income was primarily attributable to increased average interest earning assets obtained from the July 2025 acquisition of Enterprise, as well a higher yields on interest earning assets, which were positively impacted by the accretion of purchase accounting marks from the Enterprise acquisition, and decreased funding costs. These factors resulted in a net interest margin of 3.90% for the three months ended March 31, 2026, representing an increase of 48 basis points compared to the same prior year period.


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The following tables present the Company’s average balances, net interest income, interest rate spread, and net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Non-taxable income from loans and securities is presented on a FTE basis by adjusting tax-exempt income upward by an amount equivalent to the prevailing income tax rate that would have been paid if the income had been fully taxable.

Table 11 - Average Balance, Interest Earned/Paid & Average Yields Quarter-to-Date
 Three Months Ended March 31
 20262025
 Average
Balance		Interest
Earned/
Paid		Yield/RateAverage
Balance		Interest
Earned/
Paid		Yield/Rate
 (Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets
Interest-earning deposits with banks, federal funds sold, and short term investments$415,532 $3,657 3.57 %$141,410 $1,438 4.12 %
Securities
Securities - trading5,108 — — %4,513 — — %
Securities - taxable investments3,325,253 25,260 3.08 %2,747,039 15,296 2.26 %
Securities - non-taxable investments (1)
11,634 144 5.02 %195 1 2.08 %
Total securities$3,341,995 $25,404 3.08 %$2,751,747 $15,297 2.25 %
Loans held for sale19,495 252 5.24 %6,396 92 5.83 %
Loans (2)
Commercial and industrial (1)
4,605,582 70,426 6.20 %3,250,960 50,895 6.35 %
Commercial real estate (1)
8,240,241 112,466 5.54 %6,804,605 86,086 5.13 %
Commercial construction (1)
1,404,278 23,926 6.91 %785,312 13,167 6.80 %
Total commercial14,250,101 206,818 5.89 %10,840,877 150,147 5.62 %
Residential real estate2,856,572 35,503 5.04 %2,464,464 27,716 4.56 %
Home equity1,300,202 19,429 6.06 %1,140,190 17,774 6.32 %
Total consumer real estate4,156,774 54,932 5.36 %3,604,654 45,490 5.12 %
Other consumer43,789 664 6.15 %38,618 593 6.23 %
Total loans$18,450,664 $262,414 5.77 %$14,484,149 $196,230 5.49 %
Total interest-earning assets$22,227,686 $291,727 5.32 %$17,383,702 $213,057 4.97 %
Cash and due from banks228,015 197,536 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock20,474 27,646 
Other assets2,226,216 1,852,073 
Total assets$24,702,391 $19,460,957 
Interest-bearing liabilities
Deposits
Savings and interest checking accounts$6,333,509 $15,883 1.02 %$5,222,353 $16,162 1.26 %
Money market4,862,134 24,672 2.06 %3,178,879 17,710 2.26 %
Time deposits3,269,232 26,380 3.27 %2,723,975 25,564 3.81 %
Total interest-bearing deposits$14,464,875 $66,935 1.88 %$11,125,207 $59,436 2.17 %
Borrowings
Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings$380,062 $3,596 3.84 %$547,713 $5,566 4.12 %
Line of credit54,404 755 5.63 %— — — %
Junior subordinated debentures62,863 874 5.64 %62,860 974 6.28 %
Subordinated debentures296,573 5,646 7.72 %23,070 439 7.72 %
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Total borrowings$793,902 $10,871 5.55 %$633,643 $6,979 4.47 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities$15,258,777 $77,806 2.07 %$11,758,850 $66,415 2.29 %
Non-interest bearing demand deposits5,498,339 4,345,631 
Other liabilities353,886 323,728 
Total liabilities$21,111,002 $16,428,209 
Stockholders’ equity3,591,389 3,032,748 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$24,702,391 $19,460,957 
Net interest income (1)
$213,921 $146,642 
Interest rate spread (2)
3.25 %2.68 %
Net interest margin (4)
3.90 %3.42 %
Supplemental information
Total deposits, including demand deposits$19,963,214 $66,935 $15,470,838 $59,436 
Cost of total deposits1.36 %1.56 %
Total funding liabilities, including demand deposits$20,757,116 $77,806 $16,104,481 $66,415 
Cost of total funding liabilities1.52 %1.67 %

(1)The total amount of adjustment to present interest income and yield on a FTE basis was $1.5 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
(2)Includes average non-accruing loans.
(3)Interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
(4)Net interest margin represents annualized net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

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The following table presents certain information on a FTE basis regarding changes in the Company’s interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated. For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided with respect to changes attributable to: (1) changes in rate (change in rate multiplied by prior period volume), (2) changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by old rate), and (3) changes in volume/rate (change in volume multiplied by change in rate) which is allocated to the change due to rate column:
Table 12 - Volume Rate Analysis
Three Months Ended March 31
2026 Compared To 2025
Change
Due to
Rate 		Change
Due to
Volume		Total Change
 (Dollars in thousands)
Income on interest-earning assets
Interest earning deposits, federal funds sold and short term investments$(569)$2,788 $2,219 
Securities
Securities - taxable investments6,744 3,220 9,964 
Securities - non-taxable investments (1)
84 59 143 
Total securities10,107 
Loans held for sale(28)188 160 
Loans
Commercial and industrial (1)
(1,676)21,207 19,531 
Commercial real estate (1)
8,218 18,162 26,380 
Commercial construction381 10,378 10,759 
Total commercial56,670 
Residential real estate3,377 4,410 7,787 
Home equity(839)2,494 1,655 
Total consumer real estate9,442 
Other consumer(8)79 71 
Total loans (1)(2)
66,183 
Total income of interest-earning assets$78,669 
Expense of interest-bearing liabilities
Deposits
Savings and interest checking accounts$(3,718)$3,439 $(279)
Money market(2,416)9,378 6,962 
Time certificates of deposits(4,301)5,117 816 
Total interest bearing deposits7,499 
Borrowings
Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings(266)(1,704)(1,970)
Line of Credit755 — 755 
Junior subordinated debentures(100)— (100)
Subordinated debentures2 5,204 5,206 
Total borrowings3,891 
Total expense of interest-bearing liabilities11,390 
Change in net interest income$67,279 
 
(1)Reflects income determined on a FTE basis. See footnote (1) to Table 11 in this Report for the related adjustments.
(2)Loans include portfolio loans and non-accrual loans; however, unpaid interest on non-accrual loans has not been included for purposes of determining interest income.

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Provision For Credit Losses The provision for credit losses represents the charge to expense that is required to maintain an adequate level of allowance for credit losses. The Company recorded a provision for credit loss of $5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as compared to $15.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, reflecting lower levels of charge-off activity and specific reserve allocations.

The Company’s allowance for credit losses, as a percentage of total loans, was 1.03% at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 and 0.99% at March 31, 2025. Refer to Note 4, “Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report, for further details surrounding the primary drivers of the provision for credit losses for the period.

Non-Interest Income The following table sets forth information regarding non-interest income for the periods shown:
Table 13 - Non-Interest Income
Three Months Ended
 March 31Change
 20262025Amount%
 (Dollars in thousands)
Deposit account fees$9,249 $7,053 $2,196 31.14 %
Interchange and ATM fees5,018 4,622 396 8.57 %
Investment management and advisory14,165 11,220 2,945 26.25 %
Mortgage banking income1,270 741 529 71.39 %
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies2,712 2,065 647 31.33 %
Gain on life insurance benefits346 — 346 100.00%
Loan level derivative income910 1,042 (132)(12.67)%
Other non-interest income6,592 5,796 796 13.73 %
Total$40,262 $32,539 $7,723 23.73 %

The primary reasons for significant variances in the non-interest income categories shown in the preceding table are noted below:

•Deposit account fees were higher as a result of increases in overdraft and cash management fees, as well as increased volume attributable to the Enterprise acquisition.

•Interchange and ATM fees were higher primarily due to increased volume due to the Enterprise acquisition.

•Mortgage banking income increased, driven by increased origination volumes and a higher ratio of new originations sold in the secondary market versus held in portfolio as to the same prior year period.

•The increase in investment management and advisory income was primarily due to higher asset-based revenue attributable to higher levels of assets under administration, which increased by $2.1 billion, or 29.2%, to $9.2 billion at March 31, 2026, as compared to $7.1 billion at March 31, 2025, including the addition of $1.5 billion in assets under administration acquired from Enterprise on July 1, 2025. The Company also generated higher insurance commission income during the first quarter of 2026, as compared to the same prior year period.

•The increases in cash surrender value of life insurance policies were primarily attributable to policies obtained in connection with the Enterprise acquisition.

•The Company received proceeds on life insurance policies resulting in a gain of $346,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2026. No such gains were recorded during the first quarter of 2025.

•Other non-interest income increased, driven primarily by increases in income from other investments of $442,000, credit card fee income of $227,000, and payment processing income of $219,000.

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Non-Interest Expense The following table sets forth information regarding non-interest expense for the periods shown:
Table 14 - Non-Interest Expense
 Three Months Ended
March 31Change
 20262025Amount%
 (Dollars in thousands) 
Salaries and employee benefits$80,737 $61,931 $18,806 30.37 %
Occupancy and equipment expenses17,306 13,859 3,447 24.87 %
Data processing & facilities management3,259 2,642 617 23.35 %
Software and subscriptions7,068 5,027 2,041 40.60 %
FDIC assessment3,328 2,988 340 11.38 %
Debit card expense2,402 1,935 467 24.13 %
Amortization of intangible assets6,890 1,344 5,546 412.65 %
Merger and acquisition expenses3,024 1,155 1,869 161.82 %
Other non-interest expenses18,904 14,997 3,907 26.05 %
Total$142,918 $105,878 $37,040 34.98 %

The primary reasons for significant variances in the non-interest expense categories shown in the preceding table are noted below:
•Salaries and employee benefits were higher, driven primarily by increases in general salaries of $11.3 million, including the impact of an expanded employee base as a result of the Enterprise acquisition, as well as increases in medical plan insurance of $2.2 million, incentive programs of $2.9 million, payroll taxes of $947,000, and commissions of $591,000.
•Occupancy and equipment costs increased, primarily attributable to the expanded branch network, real estate and other fixed assets obtained from the Enterprise acquisition, as well as a $1.2 million increase in snow removal costs compared to the first quarter of 2025.
•Data processing and facilities management costs increased, reflecting higher overall levels of transactional activity in conjunction with the Company’s growth, including due to the Enterprise acquisition.
•Software and subscriptions costs increased, driven by the Company’s continued investment in its technology infrastructure.
•FDIC assessment expense increased in comparison to the prior year, primarily attributable to an increased assessment rate following the Enterprise acquisition.
•Debit card expense increased compared to the same period prior year driven primarily by increased transaction volume attributable to the Enterprise acquisition.
•Amortization of intangible assets increased, driven by increased amortization attributable to the core deposit intangible, customer list, and other intangible assets established as part of the Enterprise acquisition.
•The Company incurred merger and acquisition expenses of $3.0 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, related to the Company’s acquisition of Enterprise. Merger-related expenses were primarily attributable to severance contracts and legal fees for first quarters of 2026 and 2025, respectively.
•Other non-interest expense increased, primarily attributable to increases in consultant fees of $880,000, check fraud losses of $537,000, state-charter assessments of $483,000, loan workout costs of $364,000, internet banking expense of $344,000, appraisals of $255,000, and advertising expense of $234,000.

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Income Taxes The tax effect of all income and expense transactions is recognized by the Company in each year’s consolidated statements of income, regardless of the year in which the transactions are reported for income tax purposes. The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s tax provision and applicable tax rates for the periods indicated:
Table 15 - Tax Provision and Applicable Tax Rates
Three Months Ended
 March 31
 20262025
 (Dollars in thousands)
Combined federal and state income tax provision$24,384 $12,742 
Effective income tax rate23.38 %22.29 %
Blended statutory tax rate27.47 %27.37 %

The effective tax rate is largely impacted by pre-tax income levels. The effective tax rates in the table are lower than the blended statutory tax rates due to the impact of discrete items, including tax benefits related to equity compensation, as well as certain tax preference assets such as life insurance policies, tax exempt bonds and federal tax credits, such as low income housing tax credits.

The Company invests in various low income housing projects, which are real estate limited partnerships that acquire, develop, own and operate low and moderate-income housing developments. As a limited partner in these operating partnerships, the Company will receive tax credits and tax deductions for losses incurred by the underlying properties. The investments are accounted for using the proportional amortization method and will be amortized over various periods through 2042, which represents the period that the tax credits and other tax benefits will be utilized. The total committed investment in these partnerships is $340.2 million, of which $245.9 million had been funded as of March 31, 2026. It is expected that the limited partnership investments will generate a net tax benefit of approximately $6.2 million for the fiscal year 2026 and a total of $52.5 million over the remaining life of the investments from the combination of the tax credits and operating losses.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted on July 4, 2025. Among other things, the new law makes permanent certain expiring business tax provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. These include provisions which allow businesses to immediately expense, for tax purposes, the cost of new investments in certain qualified depreciable assets and the cost of qualified domestic research and development. The OBBBA also imposes a floor on tax deductions taken on charitable contributions. Further, the OBBBA significantly changes U.S. tax law related to foreign operations and certain tax credits; however, such changes are not anticipated to have a material impact to the Company’s financial statements.
Risk Management

The Board of Directors has approved an Enterprise Risk Management Policy and Risk Appetite Statement to state the Company’s goals and objectives in identifying, measuring, and managing the risks associated with the Company’s current and near future anticipated size and complexity. Management is responsible for comprehensive enterprise risk management, and continually strives to adopt and implement practices that strike an appropriate balance between risk and reward and permit the achievement of strategic goals in a controlled environment.

The Company has implemented the “three lines of defense” enterprise risk management model . The first line of defense represents all operating business units, and corporate functions. Under the purview of the Chief Risk Officer, the second line of defense monitors and provides risk management advice across all risk domains, and is comprised of Enterprise Risk Management/Operational Risk, Enterprise Compliance, and Information Security. The activities of the second line of defense are overseen by and reported to the Board Risk Committee on a regular basis. Under the purview of the Chief Internal Auditor, the third line of defense is the independent assurance function primarily executed by the Company’s internal audit department. Third line of defense audit activities are overseen by and reported to the Company’s Board Audit Committee on a regular basis. Risk management efforts are further supported and bolstered through a formal and robust risk governance structure comprised of various management level committees that are designed to identify, monitor, report and mitigate top risks faced by the Company based on its risk taxonomy as described below.

The Board of Directors, with the assistance of its Risk Committee, exercises oversight of the Company’s risk management program and practices. As risks must be taken to create value, the Board of Directors has approved a Risk Appetite Statement that defines the acceptable residual risk appetite for the Company and the nine major risk types identified as having the potential to create significant adverse impacts on the Company, such as financial losses, reputational damage, legal
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or regulatory actions, failure to achieve strategic objectives, diminished customer experience, and/or cultural erosion. The nine major risk categories identified by the Company and addressed in the Risk Appetite Statement are strategic and emerging risk, culture risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, market and interest rate risk, operational risk, reputation risk, regulatory and compliance risk, and technology and cyber risk, each of which is discussed below.

Strategic and Emerging Risk   Strategic and emerging risk is the risk arising from adverse strategic or business decisions, misalignment of strategic direction with the Company’s mission and values, failure to execute strategies or tactics, or an inadequate adaptation or lack of responsiveness to industry and/or operating environment changes. Management seeks to mitigate strategic and emerging risk through strategic planning, frequent executive review of strategic plan progress, monitoring of competitors and technology, assessment of new products, new branches, and new business initiatives, customer advocacy, and crisis management planning.

Culture Risk   Culture risk is the risk arising from failed leadership and/or ineffective colleague engagement and workplace management that causes the Company to lose sight of core values and, through acts or omissions, damage the relationship-based culture that has been one of the foundations of the Company’s success. Management seeks to mitigate culture risk through effective employee relations, leadership that encourages continuous improvement, cultural development and reinforcement of core values, communication of clear ethical and behavioral standards, consistent enforcement of policies and programs, discipline of misbehavior, alignment of incentives and compensation, and by promoting a company-wide focus on respect for individual differences and differing perspectives.

Credit Risk   Credit risk is the risk arising from the failure of a borrower or a counterparty to a contract to make payments as agreed, and includes the risks arising from inadequate collateral and mismanagement of loan concentrations. While the collateral securing loans may be sufficient in some cases to recover the amount due, in other cases the Company may experience significant credit losses that could have an adverse effect on its operating results. The Company makes assumptions and judgments about the collectability of its loan portfolio, including the creditworthiness of its borrowers and counterparties and the value of collateral for the repayment of loans. For further discussion regarding the credit risk and the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, see Note 4, “Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report.

Liquidity Risk     Liquidity risk is the risk arising from the Company being unable to meet obligations when due. Liquidity risk includes the inability to access funding sources or manage fluctuations in available funding levels. Liquidity risk also results from a failure to recognize or address market condition changes that affect the ability to liquidate assets quickly with minimal value loss.

The Company’s primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowings, and the amortization, prepayment, and maturities of loans and securities. The Bank utilizes its extensive branch network to access retail customers who provide a base of in-market core deposits. These funds are principally comprised of demand deposits, interest checking accounts, savings accounts, and money market accounts. Interest rates, economic conditions, and competitive factors greatly influence deposit levels.

The Company measures funds availability and surplus under both stress and non-stress conditions. In addition, liquidity monitoring ensures appropriate oversight of funding exposures and reliance, as well as available capacity. The Company continually monitors both on and off balance sheet liquidity sources to understand vulnerabilities and when adjustments to the balance between sources and uses of funds may be necessary. Management regularly performs liquidity stress testing to assess potential liquidity outflows or funding concerns resulting from economic or industry disruptions, volatility in the financial markets, or unforeseen credit events. The results of these scenarios are used to inform the Company’s Contingency Funding Plan and help provide the basis for its liquidity needs.

The Company prioritizes core deposits as a primary funding source and continues to maintain a variety of available liquidity sources, including FHLB advances, and Federal Reserve borrowing capacity. These funding sources serve as a contingent source of liquidity and, when profitable lending and investment opportunities exist, the Company may access them to provide the liquidity needed to grow the balance sheet. The amount and type of assets that the Company has available to pledge affects the Company’s FHLB and Federal Reserve borrowing capacity. The Company’s lending decisions, therefore, can also affect its liquidity position.

The Company may also have the ability to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or unsecured debt privately or publicly, as demonstrated by the $300.0 million subordinated debt issuance completed by the Company during the first quarter of 2025. Additionally, the Company is able to acquire brokered certificates of deposits at its discretion. The availability and cost of equity or debt on an unsecured basis is dependent on many factors, including the Company’s financial
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position, the market environment, and the Company’s credit rating. The Company monitors the factors that could affect its ability to raise liquidity through these channels.

The following table depicts current and unused liquidity capacity from various sources as of the dates indicated:

Table 16 - Liquidity Sources
 March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
 OutstandingAdditional
Borrowing
Capacity		OutstandingAdditional
Borrowing  Capacity
 (Dollars in thousands)
Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (1)
$316,734 $3,421,976 $416,549 $2,812,217 
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (2)
— 5,634,123 — 5,472,672 
Unpledged securities — 299,936 — 576,504 
Lines of credit 99,969 25,000 49,953 75,000 
Federal funds lines of credit— 140,000 — 140,000 
Junior subordinated debentures (3)
62,863 — 62,862 — 
Subordinated debt (3)
296,690 — 296,483 — 
Brokered deposits (3)
6,000 — 6,000 — 
$782,256 $9,521,035 $831,847 $9,076,393 

(1)Loans and securities with a carrying value of $5.0 billion and $4.5 billion as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, were pledged to the FHLB of Boston.
(2)Loans and securities with a carrying value of $8.3 billion as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
(3)The additional borrowing capacity has not been assessed for these categories.

In addition to customary operational liquidity practices, the Board and management recognize the need to establish reasonable guidelines to manage a heightened liquidity risk environment. Catalysts for elevated liquidity risk can be Company-specific issues and/or systemic macro-economic or industry-wide events. Management is therefore responsible for instituting systems and controls designed to provide advanced detection of potentially significant funding shortages, establishing methods for assessing and monitoring risk levels, and instituting responses that may alleviate or circumvent a potential liquidity crisis. Management has established a Contingency Funding Plan to provide a framework to detect potential liquidity problems and appropriately address them in a timely manner.
    
Market and Interest Rate Risk   Market risk refers to the risk of potential losses arising from changes in interest rates and the value of assets due to market conditions or other external factors or events. Interest rate risk is the most significant market risk to which the Company has exposure to due to the nature of its operations.

Interest rate risk is the sensitivity of income to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes, as well as fluctuations in the level and duration of assets and liabilities, affect net interest income, which is the Company’s primary source of revenue. Interest rate risk arises from the Company’s core banking activities. In addition to directly affecting net interest income, changes in the level of interest rates can also affect the amount of loans originated, the timing of cash flows on loans and securities, and the fair value of securities and derivatives, and have other effects.

Management strives to control interest rate risk within limits approved by the Board of Directors that reflect the Company’s tolerance for interest rate risk over short-term and long-term horizons. The Company attempts to manage interest rate risk by identifying, quantifying, and, where appropriate, hedging exposure. If assets and liabilities do not re-price simultaneously and in equal volume, the potential for interest rate exposure exists. It is the Company’s objective to maintain stability in the growth of net interest income through the maintenance of an appropriate mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and, when necessary within limits management deems prudent, with hedging instruments such as interest rate swaps, floors, and caps.

The Company quantifies its interest rate exposures using net interest income and Economic Value of Equity analysis. Key assumptions in these analyses relate to behavior of interest rates and behavior of the Company’s deposit and loan customers. The most material assumptions relate to the prepayment of loans and securities and the life and sensitivity of non-maturity deposits (e.g., demand deposit, savings, and money market accounts). The risk of prepayment tends to increase when
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interest rates fall. Since future prepayment behavior of loan customers is uncertain, interest rate sensitivity of loans cannot be determined with precision and actual behavior may differ from assumptions to a significant degree. Non-maturity deposits, assumptions over customer behavior, shifts in deposits categories, and magnitude of impact to the cost of deposits all may differ from modeling or expectations.

Given the volatility associated with market rates, and the uncertainty surrounding future rate movements, management has continued to maintain a more neutral interest rate risk position. The Company runs numerous scenarios to quantify and effectively assist in managing interest rate risk, including instantaneous parallel shifts over one and two year horizons, and a series of non-parallel shocks to evaluate the impact of different yield curve shape. Key highlights of the Company’s net interest income sensitivity are summarized in the following table:
Table 17 - Interest Rate Sensitivity
March 31
 20262025
Year 1Year 1
Parallel rate shocks (basis points)
-200(1.2)%(4.6)%
-100(0.4)%(1.7)%
+1000.3 %1.5 %
+2000.4 %2.8 %

The results depicted in the table above are dependent on material assumptions, such as prepayment rates, betas, rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits, and other factors, which management believes are reasonable. These assumptions may be impacted by customer preferences or competitive influences and therefore actual experience may differ from the assumptions in the model. Accordingly, although the tables provide an indication of the Company’s interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to and do not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates, and actual results may differ.

The most significant market factors affecting the Company’s net interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2026 were the shape of the U.S. Government securities and interest rate swap yield curve, the U.S. prime interest rate, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, and other interest rates offered on long-term fixed rate loans.

The Company manages the interest rate risk inherent in both its loan and borrowing portfolios by using interest rate swap agreements and interest rate caps and floors. An interest rate swap is an agreement in which one party agrees to pay a floating rate of interest on a notional principal amount in exchange for receiving a fixed rate of interest on the same notional amount for a predetermined period from the other party. Interest rate caps and floors are agreements where one party agrees to pay a floating rate of interest on a notional principal amount for a predetermined period to a second party if certain market interest rate thresholds are realized. While interest is paid or received in swap, cap, and floors agreements, the notional principal amount is not exchanged. The Company may also manage the interest rate risk inherent in its mortgage banking operations by entering into forward sales contracts under which the Company agrees to deliver whole mortgage loans to various investors. See Note 6, “Derivative and Hedging Activities” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report for additional information regarding the Company’s derivative financial instruments.

Movements in foreign currency rates or commodity prices do not directly or materially affect the Company’s earnings. Movements in equity prices may have a modest impact on earnings by affecting the volume of activity or the amount of fees from investment-related business lines. See Note 3, “Securities” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report.

Operational Risk Operational risk is the risk arising from human error or misconduct, transaction errors or delays, inadequate or failed internal systems or processes, data unavailability, loss, or poor quality, or adverse external events. Operational risk includes fraud risk and model risk. Potential operational risk exposure exists throughout the Company. The continued effectiveness of colleagues and operational infrastructure are integral to mitigating operational risk, and any shortcomings subject the Company to risks that vary in size, scale and scope.

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Reputation Risk Reputation risk is the risk arising from negative public opinion of the Company and the Bank. Management seeks to mitigate reputational risk through actions that include a structured process of customer complaint resolution and ongoing reputational monitoring.

Regulatory and Compliance Risk Regulatory and Compliance risk is the risk arising from violations of laws or regulations, non-conformance with prescribed practices, internal bank policies and procedures, or ethical standards. Compliance risk includes consumer compliance risk, legal risk, and regulatory compliance risk. Management seeks to mitigate compliance risk through compliance training and regulatory change management processes.

Technology and Cyber Risk Technology and Cyber risk is the risk of losses or other impacts arising from the failure of technology systems to function in accordance with expectations and business requirements. Technology risks include technical failures, unlawful tampering with technical systems, cyber security, terrorist activities, ineffectiveness or exposure due to interruption in third party support. Management seeks to mitigate technology risk through appropriate security and controls over data and its technological environment. The Bank manages cybersecurity threats proactively and maintains robust controls to protect its critical systems and information assets by investing in secure, reliable and resilient technology infrastructure, fostering a culture of technology risk awareness and continuously improving its technology risk management practices.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments, Contingencies, and Off-Balance Sheet Financial Information

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements There were no material changes in off-balance sheet arrangements during the three months ended March 31, 2026.

See Note 6, “Derivative and Hedging Activities” and Note 10, “Commitments and Contingencies” within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I. Item 1 of this Report for more information relating to the Company’s other off-balance sheet financial instruments.

Contractual Obligations, Commitments, and Contingencies There were no material changes in contractual obligations, commitments, or contingencies during the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Information required by this Item 3 is included in the “Risk Management” section of Part I. Item 2 “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer along with the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer along with the Company’s Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter of 2026 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item  1. Legal Proceedings

At March 31, 2026, the Bank was involved in pending lawsuits, which management has reviewed with legal counsel and has taken into consideration the view of counsel as to their outcome. In the opinion of management, the final disposition of pending lawsuits is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

The section titled Risk Factors in Part I, Item 1A of the 2025 Form 10-K, includes a discussion of the material risks and uncertainties the Company faces, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, or financial condition (including capital and liquidity). As of the date of this Report, there have been no material changes with regard to the Risk Factors disclosed in Item 1A of the 2025 Form 10-K, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a) Not applicable.
(b) Not applicable.
(c) The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s repurchases of its common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2026:
 Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)Average Price Paid Per Share (2)Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan or
Program		Maximum Number of Shares (or Approximate Dollar Value) That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan or Program (3)
Period
January 1 to January 31, 2026170,337 $79.49 170,337 $75,604,180 
February 1 to February 28, 2026377,995 $80.45 354,963 $47,098,210 
March 1 to March 31, 2026280,920 $76.55 277,016 $25,882,553 
Total829,252 $78.93 802,316 
(1)The number of shares surrendered in connection with the vesting of equity compensation grants to satisfy related tax withholding obligations was 23,032 shares in February 2026 and 3,904 shares in March 2026.
(2)During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the average price per share of repurchased shares was $78.85 and the average price per share of surrendered shares related to tax withholding obligations was $81.47.
(3)    On July 17, 2025, the Company announced a stock buyback plan which authorized repurchases by the Company of up to $150 million in common stock. Repurchases under the plan may be made from time to time on the open market and in privately negotiated transactions, including through the use of trading plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. The extent to which the Company repurchases shares and the size and timing of these repurchases will depend on a variety of factors, including pricing, market and economic conditions, the Company’s capital position and amount of retained earnings, and legal and contractual requirements. The repurchase plan is scheduled to expire on July 16, 2026 and may be modified, suspended or discontinued without prior notice at any time. The Company announced a new stock buyback plan, effective April 30, 2026, under which the Company may repurchase up to $200 million in common stock. Repurchases under the new plan may also be made from time to time on the open market and in privately negotiated transactions, including through the use of trading plans intended to qualify under Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, and the extent to which the Company repurchases shares and the size and timing of these repurchases under the new plan will also depend on a variety of factors, including those identified above with respect to the prior plan. Repurchases under the new stock buyback plan are expected to commence after the Company completes the prior stock buyback plan, under which approximately $10.5 million remains outstanding. The repurchase plan is scheduled to expire on April 29, 2027 and may be modified, suspended or discontinued without prior notice at any time.



Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities - None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures - Not Applicable.


Item 5. Other Information

(a)None

(b)None

(c)Insider Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans. During the quarter ended March 31, 2026, none of our directors or executive officers adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

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Table of Contents
Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Index
 
No.Exhibit
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.*
104Cover page interactive data file (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).*

*Filed herewith
+Furnished herewith

76
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
INDEPENDENT BANK CORP.
(registrant)
 
May 6, 2026 /s/ Jeffrey J. Tengel
 Jeffrey J. Tengel
President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
May 6, 2026 /s/ Mark J. Ruggiero
 Mark J. Ruggiero
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

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