Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2014
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 001-34436
Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland
27-0247747
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
591 West Putnam Avenue
Greenwich, Connecticut
06830
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(203) 422-8100
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
The number of shares of the issuers common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding as of August 1, 2014 was 222,602,294.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements, including without limitation, statements concerning our operations, economic performance and financial condition. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are developed by combining currently available information with our beliefs and assumptions and are generally identified by the words believe, expect, anticipate and other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements do not guarantee future performance, which may be materially different from that expressed in, or implied by, any such statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates.
These forward-looking statements are based largely on our current beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance taking into account all information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us or within our control, and which could materially affect actual results, performance or achievements. Factors that may cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
· factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, including those set forth under the captions Risk Factors and Business;
· defaults by borrowers in paying debt service on outstanding indebtedness;
· impairment in the value of real estate property securing our loans;
· availability of mortgage origination and acquisition opportunities acceptable to us;
· our ability to fully integrate LNR Property LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (LNR), which was acquired on April 19, 2013, into our business and achieve the benefits that we anticipate from this acquisition;
· potential mismatches in the timing of asset repayments and the maturity of the associated financing agreements;
· national and local economic and business conditions;
· general and local commercial and residential real estate property conditions;
· changes in federal government policies;
· changes in federal, state and local governmental laws and regulations;
· increased competition from entities engaged in mortgage lending and securities investing activities;
· changes in interest rates; and
· the availability of and costs associated with sources of liquidity.
In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurances that the results referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q will in fact occur. Except to the extent required by applicable law or regulation, we undertake no obligation to, and expressly disclaim any such obligation to, update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events, changes to future results over time or otherwise.
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Part I
Financial Information
Item 1.
Financial Statements
4
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity
7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
10
Note 1 Business and Organization
Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
11
Note 3 Acquisitions and Divestitures
14
Note 4 Loans
16
Note 5 Investment Securities
18
Note 6 Investment in Unconsolidated Entities
22
Note 7 Goodwill and Intangible Assets
23
Note 8 Secured Financing Agreements
24
Note 9 Convertible Senior Notes
25
Note 10 Loan Securitization/Sale Activities
26
Note 11 Derivatives and Hedging Activity
27
Note 12 Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
29
Note 13 Variable Interest Entities
Note 14 Related-Party Transactions
30
Note 15 Stockholders Equity
31
Note 16 Earnings per Share
32
Note 17 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
34
Note 18 Fair Value
35
Note 19 Income Taxes
40
Note 20 Commitments and Contingencies
41
Note 21 Segment Data
42
Note 22 Subsequent Events
48
Item 2.
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
49
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
68
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
70
Part II
Other Information
Legal Proceedings
71
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5.
Item 6.
Exhibits
73
3
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands, except share data)
As of June 30, 2014
As of December 31, 2013
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
518,627
317,627
Restricted cash
44,561
69,052
Loans held-for-investment, net
4,885,854
4,363,718
Loans held-for-sale, at fair value
154,412
206,672
Loans transferred as secured borrowings
142,867
180,414
Investment securities ($532,328 and $566,789 held at fair value)
902,424
935,107
Intangible assetsservicing rights ($138,318 and $150,149 held at fair value)
156,846
177,173
Residential real estate, net
749,214
Non-performing residential loans
215,371
Investment in unconsolidated entities
118,621
122,954
Goodwill
140,437
Derivative assets
4,681
7,769
Accrued interest receivable
37,483
37,630
Other assets
165,532
95,813
Variable interest entity (VIE) assets, at fair value
114,091,158
103,151,624
Total Assets
121,363,503
110,770,575
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
140,809
225,374
Related-party payable
24,475
17,793
Dividends payable
108,012
90,171
Derivative liabilities
26,294
24,192
Secured financing agreements, net
2,561,267
2,257,560
Convertible senior notes, net
1,003,847
997,851
Secured borrowings on transferred loans
142,815
181,238
VIE liabilities, at fair value
113,541,151
102,649,263
Total Liabilities
117,548,670
106,443,442
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)
Equity:
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 per share, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 223,224,144 issued and 222,598,294 outstanding as of June 30, 2014 and 196,139,045 issued and 195,513,195 outstanding as of December 31, 2013
2,232
1,961
Additional paid-in capital
3,784,575
4,300,479
Treasury stock (625,850 shares)
(10,642
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
74,962
75,449
Accumulated deficit
(49,686
(84,719
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders Equity
3,801,441
4,282,528
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries
13,392
44,605
Total Equity
3,814,833
4,327,133
Total Liabilities and Equity
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands, except per share data)
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
2014
2013
Revenues:
Interest income from loans
105,455
74,936
210,365
142,626
Interest income from investment securities
27,620
18,577
57,074
34,817
Servicing fees
32,681
39,135
66,892
Other revenues
4,994
1,795
8,398
1,874
Total revenues
170,750
134,443
342,729
218,452
Costs and expenses:
Management fees
25,085
16,146
52,906
31,215
Interest expense
37,695
22,648
75,526
40,074
General and administrative
43,094
44,335
89,195
48,373
Business combination costs
13,420
17,616
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs
771
916
1,165
997
Depreciation and amortization
5,154
2,228
9,790
Loan loss allowance, net
(139
725
358
755
Other expense
6,026
196
7,715
229
Total costs and expenses
117,686
100,614
236,655
141,487
Income before other income, income taxes and non-controlling interests
53,064
33,829
106,074
76,965
Other income:
Income of consolidated VIEs, net
47,028
31,949
103,032
Change in fair value of servicing rights
(5,523
2,898
(10,774
Change in fair value of investment securities, net
4,959
(1,392
13,320
(987
Change in fair value of mortgage loans held-for-sale, net
11,608
458
32,501
Earnings from unconsolidated entities
9,563
3,770
9,627
4,511
Gain (loss) on sale of investments, net
10,078
(18
11,633
13,506
(Loss) gain on derivative financial instruments, net
(9,790
6,158
(17,656
22,386
Foreign currency gain (loss), net
3,777
1,580
5,254
(6,085
Total other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI)
(800
(846
(1,992
(1,373
Noncredit portion of OTTI recognized in other comprehensive income
487
982
972
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
(797
(359
(1,010
(401
Other income, net
692
39
710
Total other income
71,595
45,083
146,637
68,274
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
124,659
78,912
252,711
145,239
Income tax provision
(4,277
(11,343
(9,897
(11,958
Income from continuing operations
120,382
67,569
242,814
133,281
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax (Note 3)
(6,058
(1,551
(8,346
Net income
61,511
241,263
124,935
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
(2,514
(1,057
(2,794
(2,238
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
117,868
60,454
238,469
122,697
Earnings per share data attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.:
Basic:
0.53
0.41
1.14
0.87
Loss from discontinued operations
(0.04
(0.01
(0.05
0.37
1.13
0.82
Diluted:
0.52
1.12
Net income.
1.11
Dividends declared per common share
0.48
0.46
0.96
0.90
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)
Other comprehensive loss (net change by component):
Cash flow hedges
(93
1,501
1,780
Available-for-sale securities
(9,618
(11,778
(6,120
(14,127
Foreign currency remeasurement
4,558
5,604
(7,043
Other comprehensive loss
(5,153
(10,259
(487
(19,390
Comprehensive income
115,229
51,252
240,776
105,545
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests
Comprehensive income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
112,715
50,195
237,982
103,307
Common stock
Additional
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
Non-
Par
Paid-In
Treasury Stock
Accumulated
Income
Stockholders
Controlling
Total
Shares
Value
Capital
Amount
Deficit
(Loss)
Equity
Interests
Balance, January 1, 2014
196,139,045
625,850
Proceeds from public offering of common stock
25,300,000
253
564,442
564,695
Proceeds from ATM Agreement
759,000
18,338
18,346
Proceeds from DRIP Plan
481
12
Equity offering costs
(1,636
Stock-based compensation
735,014
14,724
14,731
Manager incentive fee paid in stock
290,604
6,959
6,962
2,794
Dividends declared, $0.48 per share
(203,436
Spin-off of SWAY
(1,118,743
(1,594
(1,120,337
Other comprehensive income, net
VIE non-controlling interests
996
Distribution to non-controlling interests
(33,409
Balance, June 30, 2014
223,224,144
Balance, January 1, 2013
136,125,356
1,361
2,721,353
(72,401
79,675
2,719,346
77,859
2,797,205
30,475,000
305
822,063
822,368
(617
Convertible senior notes
28,107
350,002
8,825
8,829
13,188
365
2,238
Dividends declared, $0.90 per share
(137,046
Other comprehensive loss, net
Non-controlling interest assumed through LNR acquisition
8,277
Contributions from non-controlling interests
1,007
(47,534
Balance, June 30, 2013
166,963,546
1,670
3,580,096
(86,750
60,285
3,544,659
41,847
3,586,506
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of deferred financing costs
5,543
4,986
Amortization of convertible debt discount and deferred fees
6,209
2,652
Accretion of net discount on investment securities
(11,680
(16,568
Accretion of net deferred loan fees and discounts
(10,147
(14,243
Amortization of premium from secured borrowings on transferred loans
(824
(731
Share-based compensation
Share-based component of incentive fees
Change in fair value of fair value option investment securities
(13,320
988
Change in fair value of consolidated VIEs
(25,610
(11,132
10,774
(2,898
Change in fair value of loans held-for-sale
(32,501
(458
Change in fair value of derivatives
16,494
(23,760
Foreign currency (gain) loss, net
(5,464
5,867
Gain on non-performing loans and sale of investments
(12,575
(15,666
Other-than-temporary impairment
1,010
859
10,550
3,366
(9,627
(1,919
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities
6,016
787
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Related-party payable, net
6,682
22,093
Accrued interest receivable, less purchased interest
(18,840
(4,985
(10,535
(4,969
(29,787
30,393
Originations of loans held-for-sale, net of principal collections
(582,033
(390,669
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-sale
666,793
476,453
Net cash provided by operating activities
230,442
195,330
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Spin-off of Starwood Waypoint Residential Trust
(111,960
Purchase of LNR, net of cash acquired
(586,383
Purchase of investment securities
(53,453
(59,476
Proceeds from sales of investment securities
50,219
235,904
Proceeds from principal collections on investment securities
19,114
40,124
Origination and purchase of loans held-for-investment
(1,277,636
(651,897
Proceeds from principal collections on loans
587,018
140,478
Proceeds from loans sold
202,514
97,490
Acquisition and improvement of single family homes
(61,901
(262,315
Proceeds from sale of single family homes
1,784
4,095
Purchase of other assets
(15,502
(136
Purchase of non-performing loans
(132,957
Proceeds from sale of non-performing loans
1,153
10,742
(21,973
(5,000
Distribution of capital from unconsolidated entities
30,544
1,569
Payments for purchase or termination of derivatives
(14,253
(39
Proceeds from termination of derivatives
2,092
3,544
Return of investment basis in purchased derivative asset
798
1,028
Increase in restricted cash, net
(5,941
(41,797
Net cash used in investing activities
(667,383
(1,205,026
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Borrowings under financing agreements
1,807,229
1,614,133
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes
587,700
Principal repayments on borrowings
(1,510,052
(1,650,974
Payment of deferred financing costs
(7,881
(8,529
Proceeds from secured borrowings
95,000
Proceeds from common stock issuances
583,053
Payment of equity offering costs
Payment of dividends
(185,594
(133,944
Distributions to non-controlling interests
Issuance of debt of consolidated VIEs
71,756
Repayment of debt of consolidated VIEs
(99,763
(81,870
Distributions of cash from consolidated VIEs
13,413
2,124
Net cash provided by financing activities
637,116
1,198,864
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
200,175
189,168
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
177,671
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
825
(52
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
366,787
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest
65,229
22,580
Income taxes paid
14,792
2,214
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Net assets distributed in spin-off of Starwood Waypoint Residential Trust
1,008,377
Dividends declared, but not yet paid
76,900
Consolidation of VIEs (VIE asset/liability additions)
23,991,532
10,674,125
Deconsolidation of VIEs (VIE asset/liability reductions)
6,038,375
584,460
Fair value of assets acquired
1,152,360
Fair value of liabilities assumed
562,279
Unsettled trades and loans receivable
52,815
9
(Unaudited)
1. Business and Organization
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (STWD together with its subsidiaries, we or the Company) is a Maryland corporation that commenced operations in August 2009, upon the completion of our initial public offering (IPO). We are focused primarily on originating, acquiring, financing and managing commercial mortgage loans and other commercial real estate debt investments, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), and other commercial real estate-related debt investments in both the U.S. and Europe. We refer to the following as our target assets:
· commercial real estate mortgage loans, including preferred equity interests;
· CMBS; and
· other commercial real estate-related debt investments.
We may also invest in residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS), certain residential mortgage loans, distressed or non-performing commercial loans, commercial properties subject to net leases and commercial real estate owned. As market conditions change over time, we may adjust our strategy to take advantage of changes in interest rates and credit spreads as well as economic and credit conditions.
We have two reportable business segments as of June 30, 2014:
· Real estate investment lending (the Lending Segment)includes all business activities of the Company, excluding the LNR business, which generally represents investments in real estate-related loans and securities that are held-for-investment.
· LNRincludes all business activities of the acquired LNR Property LLC (LNR) business excluding the consolidation of securitization VIEs.
On April 19, 2013, we acquired the equity of LNR and certain of its subsidiaries for an initial agreed upon purchase price of approximately $859 million, which was reduced for transaction expenses and distributions occurring after September 30, 2012, resulting in cash consideration of approximately $730 million. Immediately prior to the acquisition, an affiliate of the Company acquired the remaining equity comprising LNRs commercial property division for a purchase price of $194 million. The portion of the LNR business acquired by us includes the following: (i) servicing businesses in both the U.S. and Europe that manage and work out problem assets, (ii) a finance business that is focused on selectively acquiring and managing real estate finance investments, including unrated, investment grade and non-investment grade rated CMBS, including subordinated interests of securitization and resecuritization transactions, and high yielding real estate loans; and (iii) a mortgage loan business which originates conduit loans for the primary purpose of selling these loans into securitization transactions.
On January 31, 2014, we completed the spin-off of our former single family residential (SFR) segment to our stockholders. The newly-formed real estate investment trust, Starwood Waypoint Residential Trust (SWAY), is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and trades under the ticker symbol SWAY. Our stockholders received one common share of SWAY for every five shares of our common stock held at the close of business on January 24, 2014. As part of the spin-off, we contributed $100 million to the unlevered balance sheet of SWAY to fund its growth and operations. As of January 31, 2014, SWAY held net assets of $1.1 billion. The net assets of SWAY consisted of approximately 7,200 units of single-family homes and residential non-performing mortgage loans as of January 31, 2014. In connection with the spin-off, 40.1 million shares of SWAY were issued. Refer to Note 3 herein for additional information regarding SFR segment financial information, which has been presented within discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations included herein.
We are organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a real estate investment trust (REIT) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). As such, we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on that portion
of our net income that is distributed to stockholders if we distribute at least 90% of our taxable income to our stockholders by prescribed dates and comply with various other requirements.
In connection with the LNR acquisition, we established additional taxable REIT subsidiaries (TRSs). TRSs permit us to participate in certain activities from which REITs are generally precluded, as long as these activities meet specific criteria, are conducted within the parameters of certain limitations established by the Code, and are conducted in entities which elect to be treated as taxable subsidiaries under the Code. To the extent these criteria are met, we will continue to maintain our qualification as a REIT.
These TRSs engage in various real estate related operations, including special servicing of commercial real estate, originating and securitizing commercial mortgage loans, and investing in entities which engage in real estate related operations. As of June 30, 2014, $854.5 million of the LNR assets were owned by TRS entities. Our TRSs are not consolidated for federal income tax purposes, but are instead taxed as corporations. For financial reporting purposes, a provision for current and deferred taxes is established for the portion of earnings recognized by us with respect to our interest in TRSs.
We are organized as a holding company and conduct our business primarily through our various wholly-owned subsidiaries. We are externally managed and advised by SPT Management, LLC (our Manager) pursuant to the terms of a management agreement. Our Manager is controlled by Barry Sternlicht, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Our Manager is an affiliate of Starwood Capital Group, a privately-held private equity firm founded and controlled by Mr. Sternlicht.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Balance Sheet Presentation of LNR Variable Interest Entities
The acquisition of LNR substantially changed the presentation of our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). As noted above, LNR operates a finance business that acquires unrated, investment grade and non-investment grade rated CMBS. These securities represent interests in securitization structures (commonly referred to as special purpose entities, or SPEs). These SPEs are structured as pass through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. Under GAAP, SPEs typically qualify as variable interest entities (VIEs). These are entities that, by design, either (1) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (2) have equity investors that do not have the ability to make significant decisions relating to the entitys operations through voting rights, or do not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses, or do not have the right to receive the residual returns of the entity.
Because LNR often serves as the special servicer of the trusts in which it invests, consolidation of these structures is required pursuant to GAAP as outlined in detail below. This results in a consolidated balance sheet which presents the gross assets and liabilities of the SPEs. The assets and other instruments held by these SPEs are restricted and can only be used to fulfill the obligations of the entity. Additionally, the obligations of the SPEs do not have any recourse to the general credit of any other consolidated entities, nor to us as the consolidator of these SPEs.
The SPE liabilities initially represent investment securities on our balance sheet (pre-consolidation). Upon consolidation of these VIEs, our associated investment securities are eliminated, as is the interest income related to those securities. Similarly, the fees we earn in our roles as special servicer of the bonds issued by the consolidated VIEs or as collateral administrator of the consolidated VIEs are also eliminated. Finally, an allocable portion of the identified servicing intangible associated with the eliminated fee streams is eliminated in consolidation.
Please refer to the segment data in Note 21 herein for a presentation of the LNR business without consolidation of these VIEs.
Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our consolidated subsidiaries and VIEs. Intercompany amounts have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows have been included.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 (the Form 10-K), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.
Refer to our Form 10-K for a description of our recurring accounting policies. We have included disclosure in this Note 2 regarding principles of consolidation and other accounting policies that (i) are required to be disclosed quarterly, (ii) we view as critical, or (iii) became significant since December 31, 2013 due to a corporate action or increase in the significance of the underlying business activity.
Variable Interest Entities
We evaluate all of our interests in VIEs for consolidation. When our interests are determined to be variable interests, we assess whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. ASC 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could be potentially significant. We consider our variable interests as well as any variable interests of our related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and we consolidate the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, we are not the primary beneficiary and do not consolidate the VIE.
To assess whether we have the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance, we consider all facts and circumstances, including our role in establishing the VIE and our ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes first, identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance; and second, identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the parties that make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE or have the right to unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE.
To assess whether we have the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, we consider all of our economic interests, including debt and equity investments, servicing fees, and other arrangements deemed to be variable interests in the VIE. This assessment requires that we apply judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE. Factors considered in assessing significance include: the design of the VIE, including its capitalization structure; subordination of interests; payment priority; relative share of interests held across various classes within the VIEs capital structure; and the reasons why the interests are held by us.
Our purchased investment securities include CMBS, which are unrated and non-investment grade rated securities issued by CMBS trusts. In certain cases, we may contract to provide special servicing activities for these CMBS trusts, or, as holder of the controlling class, we may have the right to name and remove the special servicer for these trusts. In our role as special servicer, we provide services on defaulted loans within the trusts, such as foreclosure or work-out procedures, as permitted by the underlying contractual agreements. In exchange for these services, we receive a fee. These rights give us the ability to direct activities that could significantly impact the trusts economic performance. However, in those instances where an unrelated third party has the right to unilaterally remove us as special servicer, we do not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the trusts economic performance. We evaluated all of our positions in such investments for consolidation.
For VIEs in which we are determined to be the primary beneficiary, all of the underlying assets, liabilities and equity of the structures are recorded on our books, and the initial investment, along with any associated unrealized holding gains and losses, are eliminated in consolidation. Similarly, the interest income earned from these structures, as well as the fees paid by these trusts to us in our capacity as special servicer, are eliminated in consolidation. Further, an allocable portion of the identified servicing intangible asset associated with the servicing fee streams, and the corresponding allocable amortization or change in fair value of the servicing intangible asset, are also eliminated in consolidation.
We perform ongoing reassessments of: (1) whether any entities previously evaluated under the majority voting interest framework have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore subject to the VIE consolidation framework, and (2) whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding our involvement with a VIE causes our consolidation conclusion regarding the VIE to change.
We have elected the fair value option in measuring the assets and liabilities of any VIEs we consolidate. Fluctuations in the fair values of the VIE assets and liabilities, along with trust interest income and trust interest and administrative expenses, are presented net in income of consolidated VIEs in our consolidated statements of operations.
Discontinued Operations
On January 31, 2014, we completed the spin-off of our former SFR segment to our stockholders as discussed in Note 1. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 205, Presentation of Financial Statements, the results of the SFR segment are presented within discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.
Fair Value Option
The guidance in ASC 825, Financial Instruments, provides a fair value option election that allows entities to make an irrevocable election of fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument by instrument basis and must be applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value pursuant to this guidance are required to be reported separately in our consolidated balance sheets from those instruments using another accounting method.
We have elected the fair value option for eligible financial assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs, loans held-for-sale originated by LNRs conduit platform, purchased CMBS issued by VIEs we could consolidate in the future and certain investments in marketable equity securities. The fair value elections for VIE and securitization related items were made in order to mitigate accounting mismatches between the carrying value of the instruments and the related assets and liabilities that we consolidate at fair value. The fair value elections for mortgage loans held-for-sale originated by LNRs conduit platform were made due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value elections for investments in marketable equity securities were made because the shares are listed on an exchange, which allows us to determine the fair value using a quoted price from an active market.
Loans Receivable and Provision for Loan Losses
In our Lending Segment we purchase and originate commercial real estate debt and related instruments generally to be held as long-term investments at amortized cost. We are required to periodically evaluate each of these loans for possible impairment. Impairment is indicated when it is deemed probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. If a loan is determined to be impaired, we write down the loan through a charge to the provision for loan losses. Actual losses, if any, could ultimately differ from these estimates.
We perform a quarterly review of our portfolio of loans. In connection with this review, we assess the performance of each loan and assign a risk rating based on several factors including risk of loss, loan-to-value ratio (LTV), collateral performance, structure, exit plan, and sponsorship. Loans are rated 1 through 5, from less risk to greater risk, in connection with this review.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The most significant and subjective estimate that we make is the projection of cash flows we expect to receive on our loans, investment securities and intangible assets, which has a significant impact on the amounts of interest income, credit losses (if any), and fair values that we record and/or disclose. In addition, the fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are estimated using a discounted cash flows method is significantly impacted by the rates at which we estimate market participants would discount the expected cash flows.
Reclassifications and Measurement Period Adjustments
As a result of the spin-off, the results from our SFR segment have been reclassified as discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013. In addition, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation, which had no effect on our previously reported net income. In that regard, we reclassified $177.0 million of proceeds from sales of loans held-for-sale by LNR to cash flows from operating activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2013 in order to conform to the current period presentation, which is also consistent with the presentation in our Form 10-K. These proceeds were previously reported as a non-cash financing activity and reflected net against principal repayments on borrowings for the related repurchase agreements that were settled net with those proceeds.
13
The prior period financial statements included herein reflect the retrospective measurement period adjustment related to the LNR acquisition as described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K. Such adjustment reduced earnings from unconsolidated entities and net income by $1.8 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2013.
Recent Accounting Developments
On April 10, 2014 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, which requires only those disposals which represent a strategic shift that has or will have a major impact on an entitys operations or financial results be presented as discontinued operations. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2014, and interim periods within those annual periods, and requires prospective application. Early adoption is permitted for disposals not already reported in previously issued financial statements. We do not expect the application of this ASU to materially impact the Company.
On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which establishes key principles by which an entity determines the amount and timing of revenue recognized from customer contracts. The ASU is effective for the first interim or annual period beginning after December 15, 2016. Early application is not permitted. We do not expect the application of this ASU to materially impact the Company.
On June 12, 2014 the FASB issued ASU 2014-11, Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860): Repurchase-to-Maturity Transactions, Repurchase Financings, and Disclosures, which requires entities to account for repurchase-to-maturity transactions as secured borrowings rather than as sales and expands disclosure requirements related to certain transfers of financial assets. The ASU is effective for the first interim or annual period beginning after December 15, 2014. Early application is not permitted. We do not expect the application of this ASU to materially impact the Company.
On July 16, 2014, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 12-G, Measuring the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity. Final issuance of the ASU is pending. At its June 2014 meeting, the EITF reached a consensus which enables the application of a measurement alternative for collateralized financing entities (CFEs). This measurement alternative allows qualifying entities to measure both the CFEs financial assets and financial liabilities based on the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, whichever is more observable. The measurement alternative is only available upon initial consolidation of the CFE or adoption of 12-G and can be applied on a CFE-by-CFE basis. We expect to be eligible to apply the measurement alternative and will elect to do so. Application of this alternative is consistent with our current accounting treatment for consolidated CFEs.
3. Acquisitions and Divestitures
SFR Spin-off
As described in Note 1, on January 31, 2014, we completed the spin-off of our former SFR segment to our stockholders. The results of operations for the SFR segment are presented within discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. We have no continuing involvement with the SFR segment following the spin-off. Subsequent to the spin-off, SWAY entered into a management agreement with an affiliate of our Manager. The following table presents the summarized consolidated results of operations for the SFR segment prior to the spin-off, excluding segment allocations during the six months ended June 30, 2014 (in thousands):
2,594
3,876
3,758
9,870
6,369
13,495
Loss before other income and income taxes
(7,276
(2,493
(9,737
1,068
942
1,403
Loss before income taxes
(6,208
(8,334
Income tax benefit (provision)
150
(12
Net loss
The following table presents the summarized consolidated balance sheet of the SFR segment as of January 31, 2014, the date of the spin-off (in thousands):
January 31, 2014
111,960
189
812,017
211,019
9,498
1,144,683
24,346
1,130,405
(11,662
Total Stockholders Equity
1,118,743
1,594
1,120,337
LNR Acquisition
As described in Note 1, on April 19, 2013, we acquired the equity of LNR for an initial agreed upon purchase price of $859 million, which was reduced for transaction expenses and distributions occurring after September 30, 2012, resulting in cash consideration of approximately $730 million. We applied the provisions of ASC 805 in accounting for our acquisition of LNR. Refer to Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of the LNR acquisition including the final purchase price allocation and retrospective measurement period adjustments.
15
4. Loans
Our loans held-for-investment are accounted for at amortized cost and our loans held-for-sale are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value, unless we have elected the fair value option. The following tables summarize our investments in mortgages and loans by subordination class as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Carrying Value
Face Amount
Weighted Average Coupon
Weighted Average Life (WAL) (years)(2)
June 30, 2014
First mortgages
3,259,428
3,317,358
5.4
%
3.9
Subordinated mortgages(1)
355,561
388,449
8.6
4.1
Mezzanine loans
1,275,207
1,281,518
10.6
3.3
Total loans held-for-investment
4,890,196
4,987,325
Loans held-for-sale, fair value option elected
153,724
4.7
9.8
142,883
5.5
2.8
Total gross loans
5,187,475
5,283,932
Loan loss allowance (loans held-for-investment)
(4,342
Total net loans
5,183,133
December 31, 2013
2,714,512
2,766,217
4.3
407,462
442,475
9.7
4.2
1,245,728
1,246,841
11.7
3.5
4,367,702
4,455,533
209,099
5.3
9.6
180,483
2.9
4,754,788
4,845,115
(3,984
4,750,804
(1) Subordinated mortgages include B-notes and junior participations in first mortgages where we do not own the senior A-note or senior participation. If we own both the A-note and B-note we categorize the loan as a first mortgage loan.
(2) Represents the WAL of each respective group of loans as of the respective balance sheet date. The WAL of each individual loan is calculated as a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of the timing (in years) of each expected future principal payment multiplied by the balance of the respective payment, and with a denominator equal to the sum of the expected principal payments using the contractually extended maturity dates of the assets. Assumptions for the calculation of the WAL are adjusted as necessary for changes in projected principal repayments and/or maturity dates of the loan.
As of June 30, 2014, approximately $3.9 billion, or 74.8%, of the loans were variable rate and paid interest principally at LIBOR plus a weighted-average spread of 5.65%. The following table summarizes our investments in floating rate loans (amounts in thousands):
Index
Base Rate
1 Month LIBOR
0.1552%
137,092
0.1677%
150,076
3 Month LIBOR
0.5525%
406,392
0.5253%
392,950
LIBOR Floor
0.15% - 3.00%(1)
3,333,849
0.19% - 3.00%(1)
2,688,308
3,877,333
3,231,334
(1) The weighted-average LIBOR Floor was 0.36% and 0.49% as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
As of June 30, 2014, the risk ratings for loans subject to our rating system, which are described in our Form 10-K and excludes loans on the cost recovery method and loans for which the fair value option has been elected, by class of loan were as follows (amounts in thousands):
Balance Sheet Classification
Loans Held-For-Investment
Loans
Risk Rating Category
First Mortgages
Subordinated Mortgages
Mezzanine Loans
Cost Recovery Loans
Loans Held- For-Sale
Transferred As Secured Borrowings
1
101,875
104,821
209,690
12,971
429,357
3,010,516
218,685
950,268
129,896
4,309,365
142,166
32,055
115,249
289,470
N/A
455
4,416
159,283
3,255,012
As of December 31, 2013, the risk ratings for loans subject to our rating system by class of loan were as follows (amounts in thousands):
94,981
103,369
153,119
13,022
364,491
2,452,763
272,375
1,012,674
167,392
3,905,204
153,987
31,718
79,935
265,640
12,781
219,453
2,701,731
After completing our impairment evaluation process as described in our Form 10-K, we concluded that no impairment charges were required on any individual loans held-for-investment as of June 30, 2014 or December 31, 2013. As of June 30, 2014, approximately $4.4 million of our loans held-for-investment were in default, all of which are within the LNR Segment and were acquired as non-performing loans prior to the April 19, 2013 acquisition.
In accordance with our policies, we record an allowance for loan losses equal to (i) 1.5% of the aggregate carrying amount of loans rated as a 4, plus (ii) 5% of the aggregate carrying amount of loans rated as a 5. These groups accounted for 5.6% of our loan portfolios as of both June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The following table presents the activity in our allowance for loan losses (amounts in thousands):
Allowance for loan losses at January 1
3,984
2,061
Provision for loan losses
577
Charge-offs
Recoveries
(219
Allowance for loan losses at June 30
4,342
2,816
Recorded investment in loans related to the allowance for loan loss
160,893
17
The activity in our loan portfolio was as follows (amounts in thousands):
Balance at January 1
3,000,335
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding
1,860,026
1,308,602
Capitalized interest(1)
19,022
5,279
Basis of loans sold(2)
(868,804
(573,825
Loan maturities/principal repayments
(633,425
(140,596
Discount accretion/premium amortization
10,147
14,243
Changes in fair value
Unrealized foreign currency remeasurement gain (loss)
16,462
(4,572
Capitalized costs written off
(1,517
(358
(755
Transfer to other assets
(3,242
Balance at June 30
3,607,652
(1) Represents accrued interest income on loans whose terms do not require current payment of interest.
(2) See Note 10 for additional disclosure on these transactions.
5. Investment Securities
Investment securities were comprised of the following as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Carrying Value as of
RMBS, available-for-sale
231,605
296,236
Single-borrower CMBS, available-for-sale
116,071
114,346
CMBS, fair value option (1)
638,069
550,282
Held-to-maturity (HTM) securities
370,096
368,318
Equity security, fair value option
16,104
15,247
Subtotal - Investment securities
1,371,945
1,344,429
VIE eliminations (1)
(469,521
(409,322
Total investment securities
(1) Certain fair value option CMBS are eliminated in consolidation against VIE liabilities pursuant to ASC 810.
Purchases, sales and principal collections for all investment securities were as follows (amounts in thousands):
Three Months ended
Available-for-sale
CMBS, fair
HTM
RMBS
CMBS
value option
Securities
Security
Purchases
43,563
Sales
53,236
13,548
66,784
Principal collections
10,466
421
10,887
June 30, 2013
20,090
1,618
21,708
10,072
15,771
2,627
18,398
Six Months ended
53,453
62,546
(1)
32,032
94,578
18,285
829
37,190
58,898
12,712
206,608
6,769
236,161
32,638
7,484
40,122
(1) Settlement of $44.4 million occurred subsequent to June 30, 2014. We account for all investment securities transactions on a trade-date basis.
RMBS and Single-borrower CMBS, Available-for-Sale
With the exception of one CMBS classified as HTM, the Company classified all of its RMBS and CMBS investments where the fair value option has not been elected as available-for-sale as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. These RMBS and CMBS are reported at fair value in the balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI).
The tables below summarize various attributes of our investments in available-for-sale RMBS and single-borrower CMBS where the fair value option has not been elected as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Unrealized Gains or (Losses) Recognized in AOCI
Purchase Amortized Cost
Credit OTTI
Recorded Amortized Cost
Non-Credit OTTI
Gross Unrealized Gains
Gross Unrealized Losses
Net Fair Value Adjustment
Fair Value
193,084
(10,322
182,762
(3
49,529
(683
48,843
Single-borrower CMBS
103,498
12,573
296,582
286,260
62,102
61,416
347,676
253,912
(11,134
242,778
(55
55,154
(1,641
53,458
100,687
13,659
354,599
343,465
68,813
67,117
410,582
Weighted Average Coupon(1)
Weighted Average Rating (Standard & Poors)
WAL (Years)(3)
1.0
B-
7.4
11.6
BB+
(2)
3.7
6.8
11.5
5.9
19
(1) Calculated using the June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 one-month LIBOR rate of 0.155% and 0.168%, respectively, for floating rate securities.
(2) As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, approximately 99.3% and 98.8%, respectively, of the CMBS securities were rated BB+.
(3) Represents the WAL of each respective group of securities calculated as of the respective balance sheet date. The WAL of each individual security or loan is calculated as a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of the timing (in years) of each expected future principal payment multiplied by the balance of the respective payment, and with a denominator equal to the sum of the expected principal payments using the contractually extended maturity dates of the assets. Assumptions for the calculation of the WAL are adjusted as necessary for changes in projected principal repayments and/or maturity dates of the security.
As of June 30, 2014, $0.9 million, or 0.7%, of the single-borrower CMBS were variable rate. As of December 31, 2013, $1.3 million, or 1.2%, of the single-borrower CMBS were variable rate. As of June 30, 2014, approximately $195.4 million, or 84.3%, of RMBS were variable rate and paid interest at LIBOR plus a weighted average spread of 0.44%. As of December 31, 2013, approximately $256.1 million, or 86.5%, of RMBS were variable rate and paid interest at LIBOR plus a weighted average spread of 0.37%. We purchased all of the RMBS at a discount that will be accreted into income over the expected remaining life of the security. The majority of the income from this strategy is earned from the accretion of these discounts.
The following table contains a reconciliation of aggregate principal balance to amortized cost for our RMBS and single-borrower CMBS as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, excluding CMBS where we have elected the fair value option (amounts in thousands):
Principal balance
312,280
414,020
Accretable yield
(90,876
(101,046
Non-accretable difference
(38,642
(70,196
Total discount
(129,518
(171,242
Amortized cost
The principal balance of credit deteriorated RMBS was $240.8 million and $320.4 million as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Accretable yield related to these securities totaled $73.5 million and $78.3 million as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
The following table discloses the changes to accretable yield and non-accretable difference for our RMBS and single-borrower CMBS during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, excluding CMBS where we have elected the fair value option (amounts in thousands):
Accretable Yield
Non-Accretable Difference
Three Months ended June 30, 2014
Balance as of April 1, 2014
99,622
55,432
Accretion of discount
(3,323
Principal write-downs
(509
(10,276
(11,428
OTTI
Transfer to/from non-accretable difference
4,853
(4,853
Balance as of June 30, 2014
90,876
38,642
Six Months ended June 30, 2014
Balance as of January 1, 2014
101,046
70,196
(9,887
(875
(12,238
(18,937
213
11,742
(11,742
20
Subject to certain limitations on durations, we have allocated an amount to invest in RMBS that cannot exceed 10% of our total assets excluding LNR VIEs. We have engaged a third party manager who specializes in RMBS to execute the trading of RMBS, the cost of which was $0.5 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $1.1 million and $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, which has been recorded as management fees in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the available-for-sale securities (i) where we have not elected the fair value option, (ii) that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and (iii) for which OTTIs (full or partial) have not been recognized in earnings (amounts in thousands):
Estimated Fair Value
Unrealized Losses
Securities with a loss less than 12 months
Securities with a loss greater than 12 months
16,255
1,552
(480
(206
26,344
1,809
(1,444
(252
As of June 30, 2014, there were three securities with unrealized losses reflected in the table above. After evaluating each security and recording adjustments, as necessary, for other-than-temporary impairments, the remaining unrealized losses reflected above were not considered to represent credit-related other-than-temporary impairments. We considered a number of factors in reaching this conclusion, including that we did not intend to sell any individual security, it was not considered more likely than not that we would be forced to sell any individual security prior to recovering our amortized cost, and there were no material credit events that would have caused us to otherwise conclude that we would not recover our cost. Credit losses, which represent most of the other-than-temporary impairments we record, are calculated by comparing (i) the estimated future cash flows of each security discounted at the yield determined as of the initial acquisition date or, if since revised, as of the last date previously revised, to (ii) our amortized cost basis. Significant judgment is used in projecting cash flows for our non-agency RMBS. As a result, actual income and/or impairments could be materially different from what is currently projected and/or reported.
CMBS, Fair Value Option
As discussed in the Fair Value Option section of Note 2 herein, we elect the fair value option for LNRs CMBS in an effort to eliminate accounting mismatches resulting from the current or potential consolidation of securitization VIEs. As of June 30, 2014, the fair value and unpaid principal balance of CMBS where we have elected the fair value option, before consolidation of securitization VIEs, was $638.1 million and $4.1 billion, respectively. These balances represent our economic interests in these assets. However, as a result of our consolidation of securitization VIEs, the vast majority of this fair value ($469.5 million at June 30, 2014) is eliminated against VIE liabilities before arriving at our GAAP balance for fair value option CMBS. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we purchased $107.1 million and $151.7 million of CMBS, respectively, for which we elected the fair value option. Due to our consolidation of securitization VIEs, $63.5 million and $98.3 million, respectively, of these amounts are reflected as repayment of debt of consolidated VIEs in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.
As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, none of our CMBS where we have elected the fair value option were variable rate. The table below summarizes various attributes of our investment in fair value option CMBS as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Weighted Average Rating
WAL (Years)(1)
CMBS, fair value option
5.0
CCC
CC
4.4
(1) The WAL of each security is calculated based on the period of time over which we expect to receive principal cash flows. Expected principal cash flows are based on contractual payments net of expected losses.
21
(2) As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, excludes $27.3 million and $55.5 million, respectively, in fair value option CMBS that are not rated.
HTM Securities
The table below summarizes various attributes of our investments in HTM securities as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Net Carrying Amount (Amortized Cost)
Gross Unrealized Holding Gains
Gross Unrealized Holding Losses
Preferred interests
285,946
2,083
288,029
84,150
(576
83,574
371,603
284,087
135
284,222
84,231
368,453
During 2013, we originated two preferred equity interests of $246.1 million and $37.2 million, respectively, in limited liability companies that own commercial real estate. These preferred equity interests mature in December 2018 and October 2014, respectively. During 2013, we also purchased a CMBS security with a face value and purchase price of $84.1 million, which we expect to hold to maturity. The stated maturity of this security is November 2016.
Equity Security, Fair Value Option
During 2012, we acquired 9,140,000 ordinary shares from a related-party (approximately a 4% interest) in Starwood European Real Estate Finance Limited (SEREF), a debt fund that is externally managed by an affiliate of our Manager and is listed on the London Stock Exchange. We have elected to report the investment using the fair value option because the shares are listed on an exchange, which allows us to determine the fair value using a quoted price from an active market, and also due to potential lags in reporting resulting from differences in the respective regulatory requirements. The fair value of the investment remeasured in U.S. dollars (USD) was $16.1 million and $15.2 million as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
6. Investment in Unconsolidated Entities
The below table summarizes our investments in unconsolidated entities as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Participation /
Carrying value as of
Carrying value over (under) equity in net assets as of
Ownership %(1)
June 30, 2014(2)
Equity method:
Investor entity which owns equity interests in two real estate services providers
50%
20,010
19,371
Small balance bridge loan financing venture
26,445
26,121
European investment fund
7,974
23,779
(4,235
Mezzanine loan venture
49%
23,335
23,676
Healthcare bridge loan venture
various
14,945
14,163
Various
25% - 50%
5,118
4,371
97,827
111,481
Cost method:
Loan servicing venture
4% - 6%
9,225
8,014
2% - 10%
11,569
3,459
20,794
11,473
(1) None of these investments are publicly traded and therefore quoted market prices are not available.
(2) Differences between the carrying value of our investment and the underlying equity in net assets of the investee are accounted for as if the investee were a consolidated entity in accordance with ASC 323, InvestmentsEquity Method and Joint Ventures.
7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets of LNR acquired on April 19, 2013. The goodwill recognized is attributable to value embedded in LNRs existing platform, which includes an international network of commercial real estate asset managers, work-out specialists, underwriters and administrative support professionals as well as proprietary historical performance data on commercial real estate assets.
Servicing Rights Intangibles
In connection with the LNR acquisition, we identified domestic and European servicing rights that existed at the purchase date, based upon the expected future cash flows of the associated servicing contracts. All of our servicing fees are specified by these Pooling and Servicing Agreements. At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the balance of the domestic servicing intangible was net of $67.8 million and $80.6 million, respectively, that was eliminated in consolidation pursuant to ASC 810 against VIE assets in connection with our consolidation of securitization VIEs. Before VIE consolidation, as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the domestic servicing intangible had a balance of $206.1 million and $230.7 million, respectively, which represents our economic interest in this asset.
The table below presents information about our GAAP servicing intangibles for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands):
Domestic servicing rights, at fair value
Fair value at January 1
150,149
Acquisition of LNR
156,993
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions
Other
Fair value at June 30
138,318
159,891
European servicing rights
Net carrying amount at January 1 (fair value of $29.3 million)
27,024
32,649
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
713
Amortization and OTTI
(9,209
(1,876
Net carrying value at June 30 (fair value of $18.5 million and $33.9 million)
18,528
30,755
Total servicing rights at June 30
190,646
8. Secured Financing Agreements
The following table is a summary of our secured financing agreements in place as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (dollars in thousands):
Pledged Asset
Maximum
Carrying Value at
Facility Type
Revolver
Eligible Assets
Current Maturity
Extended Maturity(a)
Pricing
Facility Size
Lender 1 Repo 1
Repurchase
Yes
Identified Loans and CMBS
(b)
LIBOR + 1.85% to 5.25%
1,349,733
1,000,000
753,032
449,323
Lender 1 Repo 2
Identified RMBS
(c)
LIBOR + 1.90%
230,129
175,000
120,627
127,943
Lender 1 Repo 3
No
Identified Loans
Dec 2014
Dec 2016
LIBOR + 2.75%
210,041
148,860
154,133
Lender 2 Repo 1
Oct 2015
Oct 2018
LIBOR + 2.00% to 2.75%
269,290
225,000
(d)
181,151
100,886
Lender 3 Repo 1
May 2017
May 2019
LIBOR + 2.85%
135,132
93,836
50,871
Conduit Repo 1
Sep 2014
LIBOR + 2.20%
250,000
129,843
Conduit Repo 2
Nov 2014
LIBOR + 2.10%
128,083
150,000
95,568
Lender 4 Repo 1
Oct 2017
LIBOR + 2.60%
456,758
359,226
347,697
Lender 5 Repo 1
Identified CMBS
LIBOR + 2.00%
58,467
Borrowing Base
Bank Credit Facility
Sep 2015
Sep 2017
LIBOR + 3.25%(e)
661,164
84,386
169,104
Term Loan
Syndicated Facility
Specifically Identified Assets
Apr 2020
LIBOR + 2.75%(e)
2,936,771
668,423
666,114
(f)
669,293
6,461,251
3,378,812
(a) Subject to certain conditions as defined in the respective facility agreement.
(b) Maturity date for borrowings collateralized by loans of January 2017 before extension options and January 2019 assuming initial extension options. Maturity date for borrowings collateralized by CMBS of January 2015 before extension options and January 2016 assuming initial extension options.
(c) The date that is 180 days after the buyer delivers notice to seller, subject to a maximum date of March 13, 2015.
(d) On July 24, 2014, we amended the Lender 2 Repo 1 facility to upsize available borrowings from $225 million to $325 million and reduce pricing 25-50 basis points depending on the collateral type.
(e) Subject to borrowers option to choose alternative benchmark based rates pursuant to the terms of the credit agreement. The Term Loan is also subject to a 75 basis point floor.
(f) Term loan outstanding balance is net of $2.3 million and $2.5 million of unamortized discount as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013.
In January 2014, we amended the Lender 1 Repo 1 facility to (i) upsize available borrowings to $1.0 billion from $550 million; (ii) extend the maturity date for loan collateral to January 2019 and for CMBS collateral to January 2016, each from August 2014, and each assuming initial extension options; (iii) allow for up to four additional one-year extension options with respect to any loan collateral that remains financed at maturity, in an effort to match the term of the maturity dates of these assets; (iv) reduce pricing and debt-yield thresholds for purchased assets; and (v) amend certain financial covenants to contemplate the spin-off of the SFR segment. STWD guarantees certain of the obligations of the consolidated subsidiary, which is the borrower under the repurchase agreement, up to a maximum liability of either 25% or 100% of the then-currently outstanding repurchase price of purchased assets, depending upon the type of asset being financed.
In May 2014, we amended our Lender 3 Repo 1 facility to (i) increase additional borrowings by $42.7 million; (ii) extend the maturity date for loan collateral to May 2019, assuming the exercise of two one-year extension options; (iii) reduce pricing for all purchased assets; and (iv) increase advance rates for certain purchased assets.
Our secured financing agreements contain certain financial tests and covenants. As of June 30, 2014, we were in compliance with all such covenants.
The following table sets forth our five-year principal repayments schedule for the secured financings, assuming no defaults or expected extensions and excluding the loans transferred as secured borrowings. Our credit facilities generally require principal to be paid down prior to the facilities respective maturities if and when we receive principal payments on, or sell, the investment collateral that we have pledged. The amount reflected in each period includes principal repayments on our credit facilities that would be required if (i) we received the repayments that we expect to receive on the investments that have been pledged as collateral under the
credit facilities, as applicable, and (ii) the credit facilities that are expected to have amounts outstanding at their current maturity dates are extended where extension options are available to us (amounts in thousands):
2014 (remainder of)
194,472
2015
155,464
2016
296,329
2017
568,760
2018
223,683
Thereafter(1)
1,124,868
2,563,576
(1) Principal paydown of the Term Loan through 2020 excludes $2.3 million of discount amortization.
Secured financing maturities for 2014 primarily relate to $95.6 million on the Conduit Repo 2 facility, $58.5 million on the Lender 5 Repo 1 facility, and $26.2 million on the Lender 1 Repo 3 facility.
As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had approximately $24.9 million and $22.5 million, respectively, of deferred financing costs from secured financing agreements, net of amortization, which is included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, approximately $2.6 million, and $5.3 million, respectively, of amortization was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, approximately $1.8 million, and $5.0 million, respectively, of amortization was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
9. Convertible Senior Notes
On February 15, 2013, we issued $600.0 million of 4.55% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018 (the 2018 Notes). On July 3, 2013, we issued $460.0 million of 4.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 (the 2019 Notes). The following summarizes the unsecured convertible senior notes (collectively, the Convertible Notes) outstanding as of June 30, 2014 (amounts in thousands, except rates):
Principal Amount
Coupon Rate
Effective Rate(1)
Conversion Rate(2)
Maturity Date
Remaining Period of Amortization
2018 Notes
599,981
4.55
6.08
44.6455
3/1/2018
3.7 years
2019 Notes
459,997
4.00
5.37
47.5456
1/15/2019
4.5 years
Total principal
1,059,978
1,060,000
Net unamortized discount
(56,131
(62,149
Carrying amount of debt components
Carrying amount of conversion option equity components recorded in additional paid-in capital
48,502
(1) Effective rate includes the effects of underwriter purchase discount and the adjustment for the conversion option, the value of which reduced the initial liability and was recorded in additional paid-in-capital.
(2) The conversion rate represents the number of shares of common stock issuable per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes converted, as adjusted in accordance with the applicable indentures as a result of the spin-off of the SFR segment and cash dividend payments. The if-converted value of the 2018 Notes exceeded their principal amount by $36.7 million at June 30, 2014 since the closing market price of the Companys common stock of $23.77 per share exceeded the implicit conversion price of $22.40 per share. The if-converted value of the 2019 Notes exceeded their principal amount by $59.9 million at June 30, 2014 since the closing market price of $23.77 per share exceeded the implicit conversion price of $21.03 per share for the 2019 Notes. The Company has asserted its intent and ability to settle the principal amount of the Convertible Notes in cash. As a result, conversion of this principal amount, totaling 44.6 million and 44.8 million shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, was not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share (EPS). However, the conversion spread value,
representing 4.1 million and 3.9 million shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively, was included in the computation of diluted EPS. See further discussion at Note 16.
As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we had approximately $1.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively, of deferred financing costs from our Convertible Notes, net of amortization, which is included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Conditions for Conversion
Prior to September 1, 2017 for the 2018 Notes and July 15, 2018 for the 2019 Notes, the Convertible Notes will be convertible only upon satisfaction of one or more of the following conditions: (1) the closing market price of the Companys common stock is at least 130% of the conversion price of the respective Convertible Notes for at least 20 out of 30 trading days prior to the end of the preceding fiscal quarter, (2) the trading price of the Convertible Notes is less than 98% of the product of (i) the conversion rate and (ii) the closing price of the Companys common stock during any five consecutive trading day period, (3) the Company issues certain equity instruments at less than the 10-day average closing market price of its common stock or the per-share value of certain distributions exceeds the market price of the Companys common stock by more than 10% or (4) other specified corporate events (significant consolidation, sale, merger, share exchange, fundamental change, etc.) occur.
On or after September 1, 2017 for the 2018 Notes and July 15, 2018 for the 2019 Notes, holders may convert each of their notes at the applicable conversion rate at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.
Impact of Spin-off on Convertible Senior Notes
As described in Note 1, on January 31, 2014, the Company distributed all of its interest in the SFR segment to the Companys stockholders of record as of January 24, 2014. As the per-share value of the distribution was expected to exceed 10% of the last reported market price of the Companys common stock on the trading day prior to the announcement for such distribution, holders of the Convertible Notes were eligible to surrender their notes for conversion at any time during the period beginning November 26, 2013 (the 45th trading day immediately prior to the scheduled ex-dividend date for the distribution) and ending on the close of the business day immediately preceding February 3, 2014, the ex-dividend date for such distribution. During this period, the Company received notices of conversion totaling $19 thousand and $3 thousand in principal for the 2018 Notes and 2019 Notes, respectively. The cash settlement of these conversions occurred in April 2014.
Due to the distribution, the quarterly dividend threshold amounts for the Convertible Notes were adjusted to $0.3548 and $0.3710 (from $0.44 and $0.46) per share of common stock for the 2018 Notes and 2019 Notes, respectively, effective February 3, 2014.
Refer to Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion regarding our accounting for the Convertible Notes.
10. Loan Securitization/Sale Activities
As described below, we regularly sell loans and notes under various strategies. We evaluate such sales as to whether they meet the criteria for treatment as a salelegal isolation, ability of transferee to pledge or exchange the transferred assets without constraint, and transfer of control.
Within LNR, we originate commercial mortgage loans with the intent to sell these mortgage loans to SPEs for the purposes of securitization. These SPEs then issue CMBS that are collateralized in part by these assets, as well as other assets transferred to the SPE. In certain instances, we retain a subordinated interest in the SPE and serve as special servicer for the SPE. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we sold $348.0 million and $637.4 million, respectively, par value of loans held-for-sale from our conduit platform for their fair values of $364.3 million and $666.8 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, the sale proceeds were used in part to repay $261.0 million and $478.1 million, respectively, of the outstanding balance of the repurchase agreements associated with these loans.
Within the Lending Segment (refer to Note 21), we originate or acquire loans and then subsequently sell a senior portion, which can be represented in various forms including first mortgages, A-Notes and senior participations. Typically, our motivation for entering into these transactions is to effectively create leverage on the subordinated position that we will retain and hold for investment. The following table summarizes our loans sold and loans transferred as secured borrowings by the Lending Segment net of expenses (in thousands):
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Secured Borrowings
Proceeds
For the three months ended June 30,
56,975
56,124
52,849
52,859
For the six months ended June 30,
204,859
202,524
97,380
11. Derivatives and Hedging Activity
Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives
We are exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and economic conditions. Refer to Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of our risk management objectives and policies.
Designated Hedges
Our objective in using interest rate derivatives is to manage our exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for us making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.
In connection with our repurchase agreements, we have entered into seven outstanding interest rate swaps that have been designated as cash flow hedges of the interest rate risk associated with forecasted interest payments. As of June 30, 2014, the aggregate notional amount of our interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk totaled $162.9 million. Under these agreements, we will pay fixed monthly coupons at fixed rates ranging from 0.56% to 2.23% of the notional amount to the counterparty and receive floating rate LIBOR. Our interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk have maturities ranging from November 2015 to May 2021.
The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in AOCI and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 we did not recognize any hedge ineffectiveness in earnings.
Amounts reported in AOCI related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the associated variable-rate debt. Over the next twelve months, we estimate that an additional $1.0 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense. We are hedging our exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions over a maximum period of 83 months.
Non-designated Hedges
Derivatives not designated as hedges are derivatives that do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting under GAAP or which we have not elected to designate as hedges. We do not use these derivatives for speculative purposes but instead they are used to manage our exposure to foreign exchange rates, interest rate changes, and certain credit spreads. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The LNR conduit platform uses interest rate and credit index instruments to manage exposures related to commercial mortgage loans held-for-sale.
We have entered into a series of forward contracts whereby we agreed to sell an amount of foreign currency for an agreed upon amount of USD at various dates through January 2018. These forward contracts were executed to economically fix the USD amounts of foreign denominated cash flows expected to be received by us related to foreign denominated loan investments.
As of June 30, 2014, we had 66 foreign exchange forward derivatives to sell pounds sterling (GBP) with a total notional amount of £226.2 million, 29 foreign exchange forward derivatives to sell Euros (EUR) with a total notional amount of 147.9 million, two foreign exchange forward derivatives to sell Swedish Krona (SEK) with a total notional of SEK 23.0 million, one foreign exchange forward derivative to sell Norwegian Krone (NOK) with a notional of NOK 1.3 million and one foreign exchange forward to sell Danish Krone (DKK) with a notional of DKK 3.2 million that were not designated as hedges in qualifying hedging relationships. We also had one foreign exchange forward contract to buy EUR with a total notional of 60.3 million. As of June 30, 2014, there were 34 interest rate swaps where the Company is paying fixed rates, with maturities ranging from 2 to 10 years and a total notional amount of $203.1 million, four interest rate swaps where the Company is receiving fixed rates with maturities ranging from 0 to 3 years and a total notional of $59.9 million and eight credit index instruments with a total notional amount of $50.0 million. The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Fair Value of Derivatives in an Asset Position(1) As of
Fair Value of Derivatives in a Liability Position(2) As of
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps
63
125
638
729
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
5,102
1,819
983
Foreign exchange contracts
502
269
23,837
22,480
Credit index instruments
2,242
2,273
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
4,618
7,644
25,656
23,463
Total derivatives
(1) Classified as derivative assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2) Classified as derivative liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The tables below present the effect of our derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013:
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments For the Three Months Ended June 30,
(Loss) Gain Recognized in OCI (effective portion)
(Loss) Gain Reclassified from AOCI into Income (effective portion)
(Loss) Gain Recognized in Income (ineffective portion)
Location of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Income
(457
(364
1,094
(407
(708
(737
926
(854
Derivatives Not Designated as
Location of (Loss) Gain
Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Income for the Three Months Ended June 30,
Amount of (Loss) Gain Recognized in Income for the Six Months Ended June 30,
Hedging Instruments
Recognized in Income
(Loss) gain on derivative financial instruments
(2,314
6,863
(6,511
7,013
(6,965
(1,311
(10,012
14,767
(511
606
(1,133
28
Credit-risk-related Contingent Features
We have entered into agreements with certain of our derivative counterparties that contain provisions providing that if we were to default on any of our indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, we may also be declared in default on our derivative obligations. We also have certain agreements that contain provisions providing that if our ratio of principal amount of indebtedness to total assets at any time exceeds 75%, then we could be declared in default of our derivative obligations.
As of June 30, 2014, the fair value of derivatives in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk related to these agreements, was $24.5 million. As of June 30, 2014, we had posted collateral of $19.1 million related to these agreements. If we had breached any of these provisions at June 30, 2014, we could have been required to settle our obligations under the agreements at their termination liability value of $24.5 million.
12. Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
The following tables present the potential effects of netting arrangements on our financial position for financial assets and liabilities within the scope of ASC 210-20, Balance SheetOffsetting, which for us are derivative assets and liabilities as well as repurchase agreement liabilities (amounts in thousands):
(ii)
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
(iv) Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
(i) Gross Amounts Recognized
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position
Financial Instruments
Cash Collateral Received / Pledged
(v) = (iii) - (iv) Net Amount
1,564
2,511
18,412
7,276
Repurchase agreements
1,810,767
1,837,061
1,811,373
1,916
5,161
7,150
16,350
1,419,163
1,443,355
1,419,855
13. Variable Interest Entities
Investment Securities
As discussed in Note 2, we evaluate all of our investments and other interests in entities for consolidation, including our investments in CMBS and our retained interests in securitization transactions we initiated, all of which are generally considered to be variable interests in VIEs.
The VIEs consolidated in accordance with ASC 810 are structured as pass through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. The assets and other instruments held by these securitization entities are restricted and can only be used to fulfill the obligations of the entity. Additionally, the obligations of the securitization entities do not have any recourse to the general credit of any other consolidated entities, nor to us as the primary beneficiary. The SPE liabilities initially represent investment securities on our balance sheet (pre-consolidation). Upon consolidation of these VIEs, our associated investment securities are eliminated, as is the interest income related to those securities. Similarly, the fees we earn in our roles as special servicer of the bonds issued by the consolidated VIEs or as collateral administrator of the consolidated VIEs are also eliminated. Finally, an allocable portion of the identified servicing intangible associated with the eliminated fee streams is eliminated in consolidation.
VIEs in which we are the Primary Beneficiary
The inclusion of the assets and liabilities of VIEs in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary has no economic effect on us. Our exposure to the obligations of VIEs is generally limited to our investment in these entities. We are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support for any of these consolidated structures.
VIEs in which we are not the Primary Beneficiary
In certain instances, we hold a variable interest in a VIE in the form of CMBS, but either (i) we are not appointed, or do not serve as, special servicer or (ii) an unrelated third party has the rights to unilaterally remove us as special servicer. In these instances, we do not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance. In other cases, the variable interest we hold does not obligate us to absorb losses or provide us with the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could potentially be significant. For these structures, we are not deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and we do not consolidate these VIEs.
As of June 30, 2014, one of our collateralized debt obligation (CDO) structures was in default, which pursuant to the underlying indentures, changes the rights of the variable interest holders. Upon default of a CDO, the trustee or senior note holders are allowed to exercise certain rights, including liquidation of the collateral, which at that time, is the activity which would most significantly impact the CDOs economic performance. Further, when the CDO is in default, the collateral administrator no longer has the option to purchase securities from the CDO. In cases where the CDO is in default and we do not have the ability to exercise rights which would most significantly impact the CDOs economic performance, we do not consolidate the VIE. As of June 30, 2014, this CDO structure was not consolidated. During the three months ended March 31, 2014, one of our CDOs, which was previously in default as of December 31, 2013, ceased to be in default. This event triggered the initial consolidation of CDO and its underlying assets during the three months ended March 31, 2014.
As noted above, we are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support for any of our securitization SPEs, whether or not we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. As such, the risk associated with our involvement in these VIEs is limited to the carrying value of our investment in the entity. As of June 30, 2014, our maximum risk of loss related to VIEs in which we were not the primary beneficiary was $168.5 million on a fair value basis.
As of June 30, 2014, the securitization SPEs which we do not consolidate had debt obligations to beneficial interest holders with unpaid principal balances of $106.4 billion. The corresponding assets are comprised primarily of commercial mortgage loans with unpaid principal balances corresponding to the amounts of the outstanding debt obligations.
14. Related-Party Transactions
Management Agreement
We are party to a management agreement (the Management Agreement) with our Manager. Under the Management Agreement, our Manager, subject to the oversight of our board of directors, is required to manage our day-to-day activities, for which our Manager receives a base management fee and is eligible for an incentive fee and stock awards. Our Managers personnel perform certain due diligence, legal, management and other services that outside professionals or consultants would otherwise perform. As such, in accordance with the terms of our Management Agreement, our Manager is paid or reimbursed for the documented costs of performing such tasks, provided that such costs and reimbursements are in amounts no greater than those which would be payable to outside professionals or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant to agreements negotiated on an arms-length basis. Refer to Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of this agreement.
Base Management Fee. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, approximately $13.6 million and $12.7 million, respectively, was incurred for base management fees. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, approximately $26.8 million and $22.4 million, respectively, was incurred for base management fees. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, there were $13.5 million and $0, respectively, of unpaid base management fees included in related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Incentive Fee. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, approximately $4.1 million and $0, respectively, was incurred for incentive fees. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, approximately $11.3 million and $0, respectively, was incurred for incentive fees. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, approximately $4.1 million and $6.8 million, respectively, of unpaid incentive fees were included in related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Expense Reimbursement. For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, approximately $2.0 million and $1.8 million, respectively, was incurred for executive compensation and other reimbursable expenses. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, approximately $3.9 million and $4.3 million, respectively, was incurred for executive compensation and other reimbursable
expenses. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, approximately $2.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively, of unpaid reimbursable executive compensation and other expenses were included in related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Manager Equity Plan
In January 2014, we granted 2,489,281 restricted stock units to our Manager under the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Manager Equity Plan (Manager Equity Plan). In connection with these grants and prior similar grants, we recognized share-based compensation expense of $6.8 million and $4.0 million within management fees in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, we recognized $13.6 million and $8.5 million, respectively, related to these awards. Refer to Note 15 herein for further discussion of these grants.
Investment in Loan
In October 2012, we co-originated $475.0 million in financing for the acquisition and redevelopment of a 10-story retail building located at 701 Seventh Avenue in the Times Square area of Manhattan through a joint venture with Starwood Distressed Opportunity Fund IX (Fund IX), an affiliate of our Manager. In January 2014, we refinanced the initial financing with an $815.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine financing to facilitate the further development of the property. Fund IX did not participate in the refinancing. As such, the joint venture distributed $31.6 million to Fund IX for the liquidation of Fund IXs interest in the joint venture.
LNR Related-Party Arrangement
In connection with the LNR acquisition, we were required to cash collateralize certain obligations of LNR, including letters of credit and performance obligations. Fund IX funded $6.2 million of this obligation, but the account is within our name and is thus reflected within our restricted cash balance. We have recognized a corresponding payable to Fund IX of $4.4 million and $6.2 million within related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
15. Stockholders Equity
On February 24, 2014, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.48 per share for the first quarter of 2014, which was paid on April 15, 2014 to common stockholders of record as of March 31, 2014.
On May 6, 2014, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.48 per share for the second quarter of 2014, which was paid on July 15, 2014 to common stockholders of record as of June 30, 2014.
On April 11, 2014, we issued 22.0 million shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $491.0 million. In connection with this offering, the underwriters had a 30-day option to purchase an additional 3.3 million shares of common stock, which they exercised in full, resulting in additional gross proceeds of $73.7 million.
On May 15, 2014, we established the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan (the DRIP Plan) which provides stockholders with a means of purchasing additional shares of our common stock by reinvesting the cash dividends paid on our common stock and by making additional optional cash purchases. Shares of our common stock purchased under the DRIP Plan will either be issued directly by the Company or purchased in the open market by the plan administrator. The Company may issue up to 11 million shares of common stock under the DRIP Plan. During the three months ended June 30, 2014, shares issued under the DRIP Plan were not material.
On May 27, 2014, we entered into an amended and restated At-The-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement (the ATM Agreement) with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated to sell shares of the Companys common stock of up to $500 million from time to time, through an at the market equity offering program. Sales of shares under the ATM Agreement will be made by means of ordinary brokers transactions on the NYSE or otherwise at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at negotiated prices. During the three months ended June 30, 2014, we issued 759 thousand shares under the ATM Agreement for gross proceeds of $18.3 million.
Equity Incentive Plans
The Company currently maintains the Manager Equity Plan, the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Equity Plan (the Equity Plan), and the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Non-Executive Director Stock Plan (Non-Executive Director Stock Plan). Refer to Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further information regarding these plans.
On January 2, 2014, the Company granted 2,000,000 restricted stock units to our Manager under the Manager Equity Plan. These awards vest ratably on a quarterly basis over a three-year period beginning on March 31, 2014 and had a grant date fair value of $55.4 million. On January 31, 2014, in connection with the spin-off of the SFR segment, the Company granted our Manager 489,281 restricted stock units of the Company in consideration of the Companys currently unvested restricted stock units. Of these restricted stock units, 99,480 vest ratably on a quarterly basis over a 21-month period beginning on March 31, 2014 and 389,801 vest ratably on a quarterly basis over a three-year period beginning on March 31, 2014. These restricted stock units had a grant date fair value of $14.8 million.
As of June 30, 2014, there were 3.4 million shares available for future grants under the Manager Equity Plan and the Equity Plan.
Schedule of Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents
Non-Executive Director Stock Plan
Equity Plan
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
11,228
22,502
510,415
544,145
22.88
Granted
162,458
2,489,281
2,651,739
27.94
Vested
(42,475
(572,556
(615,031
26.65
Forfeited
142,485
2,427,140
2,580,853
27.18
16. Earnings per Share
We present both basic and diluted EPS amounts in our financial statements. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the maximum potential dilution that could occur from (i) our share-based compensation, consisting of unvested restricted stock units and awards, (ii) contingently issuable shares to our Manager; and (iii) the in-the-money conversion options associated with our outstanding Convertible Notes (see further discussion below). Potential dilutive shares are excluded from the calculation if they have an anti-dilutive effect in the period.
The Companys unvested restricted share units and awards contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends and thus are participating securities. Due to the existence of these participating securities, the two-class method of computing EPS is required, unless another method is determined to be more dilutive. Under the two-class method, undistributed earnings are reallocated between common shares and participating securities. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the two-class method resulted in the most dilutive EPS calculation.
The following table provides a reconciliation of net income from continuing operations and the number of shares of common stock used in the computations of basic EPS and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share amounts):
For the Three Month Ended June 30,
For the Six Month Ended June 30,
Basic Earnings
Continuing Operations:
Income from continuing operations attributable to STWD common stockholders
66,512
240,020
131,043
Less: Income attributable to unvested shares
(1,367
(369
(3,100
(823
Basic Income from continuing operations
116,501
66,143
236,920
130,220
Discontinued Operations:
Basic Net income attributable to STWD common stockholders after allocation to participating securities
60,085
235,369
121,874
Diluted Earnings
Basic Income from continuing operations attributable to STWD common stockholders
Add: Undistributed earnings to unvested shares
128
480
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to unvested shares
(126
(471
Diluted Income from continuing operations
116,503
236,929
Basic Loss from discontinued operations
Diluted Net income attributable to STWD common stockholders after allocation to participating securities
235,378
Number of Shares:
Basic Average shares outstanding
218,751
162,448
207,203
149,037
Effect of dilutive securities Convertible Notes
4,056
3,906
Effect of dilutive securities Contingently Issuable Shares
85
Diluted Average shares outstanding
222,892
211,194
Earnings Per Share Attributable to STWD Common Stockholders
As of June 30, 2014 and 2013, unvested restricted shares of 2.6 million and 0.9 million, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS as their effect was determined to be anti-dilutive.
Also as of June 30, 2014, there were 48.7 million potential shares of common stock contingently issuable upon the conversion of the Convertible Notes. The Company has asserted its intent and ability to settle the principal amount of the Convertible Notes in cash. As a result, this principal amount, representing 44.6 million and 44.8 million shares for the three and six months ended
33
June 30, 2014, respectively, was not included in the computation of diluted EPS. However, as discussed in Note 9, the conversion options associated with both Convertible Notes are in-the-money. The if-converted value of the 2018 Notes and the 2019 Notes exceeded their respective principal amounts by $36.7 million and $59.9 million, respectively, at June 30, 2014. The dilutive effect to EPS is determined by dividing this conversion spread value by the average share price. The conversion spread value is the value that would be delivered to investors in shares based on the terms of the Convertible Notes, upon an assumed conversion. In calculating the dilutive effect of these shares, the treasury stock method was used and resulted in a dilution of 4.1 million shares and 3.9 million shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, respectively.
17. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The changes in AOCI by component are as follows (in thousands):
Effective Portion of Cumulative Loss on Cash Flow Hedges
Cumulative Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for- Sale Securities
Foreign Currency Translation
Balance at March 31, 2014
(482
70,064
10,533
80,115
OCI before reclassifications
2,285
6,386
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
364
(11,903
(11,539
Net period OCI
Balance at June 30, 2014
(575
60,446
15,091
Three Months ended June 30, 2013
Balance at March 31, 2013
(2,292
79,897
(7,061
70,544
(11,419
(10,307
407
Balance at June 30, 2013
(791
68,119
Balance at January 1, 2014
(604
66,566
9,487
5,566
10,462
737
(11,686
(10,949
Six Months ended June 30, 2013
Balance at January 1, 2013
(2,571
82,246
537
(5,580
854
(14,664
(13,810
The reclassifications out of AOCI impacted the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 as follows:
Amounts Reclassified from AOCI during the Three Months Ended June 30,
Amounts Reclassified from AOCI during the Six Months Ended June 30,
Affected Line Item
Details about AOCI Components
in the Statements
Losses on cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities:
Net realized gain on sale of investments
11,903
718
11,899
15,065
(213
359
11,686
14,664
Total reclassifications for the period
11,539
(48
10,949
13,810
18. Fair Value
GAAP establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the observability of inputs utilized in measuring financial assets and liabilities at fair value. GAAP establishes market-based or observable inputs as the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management assumptions in the absence of market inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy are described below:
Level IInputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level IIInputs (other than quoted prices included in Level I) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instruments anticipated life.
Level IIIInputs reflect managements best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.
Valuation Process
We have valuation control processes in place to validate the fair value of the Companys financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value including those derived from pricing models. These control processes are designed to assure that the values used for financial reporting are based on observable inputs wherever possible. Refer to Note 21 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of our valuation process.
We determine the fair value of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis in accordance with the methodology described in our Form 10-K.
The following tables present our financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets by their level in the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Level I
Level II
Level III
Financial Assets:
Loans held-for-sale, fair value option
284,619
2,258
282,361
Equity security
Domestic servicing rights
VIE assets
114,920,897
6,939
114,897,854
Financial Liabilities:
VIE liabilities
108,355,026
5,186,125
113,567,445
108,381,320
255,306
47,300
208,006
104,083,003
55,069
104,012,687
101,051,279
1,597,984
102,673,455
101,075,471
36
The changes in financial assets and liabilities classified as Level III were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 (amounts in thousands):
Loans Held-for-sale
Domestic Servicing Rights
VIE Assets
VIE Liabilities
April 1, 2014 balance
74,117
291,217
240,665
144,898
118,451,518
(3,482,922
115,719,493
Total realized and unrealized (losses) gains:
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale
11,546
10,130
4,393
(3,332,084
(1,664
(3,313,202
Net accretion
3,323
Included in OCI
(9,363
2,740
(6,623
Purchases / Originations
320,566
42,740
363,306
(251,612
(53,236
(13,457
(318,305
Issuances
(25,995
Cash repayments / receipts
(205
(10,466
(421
50,984
39,892
Transfers into Level III
5,480
(1,983,525
(1,978,045
Transfers out of Level III
293,115
292,058
Consolidations of VIEs
3,720,885
(68,772
3,652,113
Deconsolidations of VIEs
221
(4,749,161
32,654
(4,716,286
June 30, 2014 balance
(5,186,125
109,711,729
Amount of total gains (losses) included in earnings attributable to assets still held at June 30, 2014
688
2,804
4,513
(3,331,266
April 1, 2013 balance
321,043
256,502
62,432
90,989,793
(1,994,243
89,471,477
Change in fair value
(1,187
(3,794,641
94,448
(3,698,024
Impairment
5,755
(11,103
1,908
(9,195
390,669
410,798
(476,336
(10,072
(486,408
(117
(15,771
79,735
63,847
115,814
(489,513
(373,699
(3,499
152,683
149,184
(178,631
10,495,494
(1,054
(584,804
861
(584,997
June 30, 2013 balance
171,176
319,655
164,399
97,284,473
(2,334,660
95,764,934
Amount of total (losses) gains included in earnings attributable to assets still held at June 30, 2013
(8,344
6,627
(3,430
(3,702,442
37
January 1, 2014 balance
(1,597,984
102,414,703
32,439
11,141
9,600
(7,013,623
99,837
(6,871,380
9,887
(4,615
2,207
(2,408
582,391
46,571
628,962
(554,073
(62,546
(29,301
(645,920
(71,756
(297
(18,285
(829
86,349
66,938
52,780
(2,555,137
(2,502,357
(112,720
(179
712,856
598,900
(6,715
(1,892,944
22,091,873
(6,038,375
(6,005,500
7,971
9,018
(6,906,883
January 1, 2013 balance
333,153
2,129
2,147
(402
11,906
(1,871
(12,712
(499,120
(32,638
46,980
14,306
(3,694,763
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2014, we transferred $5.5 million and $52.8 million, respectively of CMBS investments from Level II to Level III due to a decrease in the observable relevant market activity. During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, we transferred $115.8 million of CMBS investments from Level II to Level III due to a decrease in the observable relevant market activity.
38
The following table presents the fair values of our financial instruments not carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets (amounts in thousands):
Financial assets not carried at fair value:
Loans held-for-investment and loans transferred as secured borrowings
5,028,721
5,163,988
4,544,132
4,609,040
Securities, held-to-maturity
29,327
Financial liabilities not carried at fair value:
Secured financing agreements and secured borrowings on transferred loans
2,704,082
2,705,452
2,438,798
2,436,708
1,190,700
1,160,000
The following is quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs in our Level III measurements for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (dollar amounts in thousands):
Valuation
Range as of (1)
Technique
Unobservable Input
Discounted cash flow
Yield (b)
4.5% - 5.2%
5.2% - 5.9%
Duration(c)
5.0 - 10.0 years
Constant prepayment rate(a)
0.3% - 16.8%
(0.6)% - 16.6%
Constant default rate(b)
1.5% - 9.5%
1.4% - 11.3%
Loss severity(b)
12% - 81%(e)
15% - 92%(e)
Delinquency rate(c)
3% - 32%
3% - 48%
Servicer advances(a)
23% - 96%
24% - 95%
Annual coupon deterioration(b)
0% - 0.8%
0% - 0.7%
Putback amount per projected total collateral loss(d)
0% - 11%
0% - 9%
Yield(b)
0% - 527.9%
0% - 890.0%
0 11.5 years
0 - 11.0 years
Debt yield(a)
8.75%
Discount rate(b)
15%
Control migration(b)
0% - 80%
0% - 912.2%
0% - 952.3%
0 21.9 years
0 - 22.7 years
(1) The ranges of significant unobservable inputs are represented in percentages and years.
Sensitivity of the Fair Value to Changes in the Unobservable Inputs
(a) Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.
(b) Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(c) Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in either a significantly lower or higher (lower or higher) fair value measurement depending on the structural features of the security in question.
(d) Any delay in the putback recovery date leads to a decrease in fair value, for the majority of securities in our RMBS portfolio.
(e) 85% and 90% of the portfolio falls within a range of 45%-80% as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
19. Income Taxes
As described in Note 1, we established additional TRSs to hold certain operations of the LNR Segment. Our income tax provision consisted of the following for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 (in thousands):
Current
Federal
5,484
9,481
10,624
9,931
Foreign
1,782
570
3,231
State
929
1,534
1,799
1,861
Total current
8,195
11,585
15,654
12,362
Deferred
(2,344
(3,048
(1,192
(465
(2,198
(382
Total deferred
(3,918
(392
(5,757
Total income tax provision (1)
4,277
11,193
9,897
11,970
(1) Includes (benefit) provision of $0 and $(150) thousand reflected in discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and $0 and $12 thousand reflected in discontinued operators for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented net by tax jurisdiction and are reported in other assets and other liabilities, respectively. At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, our U.S. tax jurisdiction was in a net deferred tax asset position, while our European tax jurisdiction was in a net deferred tax liability position. The following table presents each of these tax jurisdictions and the tax effects of temporary differences on their respective net deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands):
U.S.
Deferred tax asset, net
Reserves and accruals
11,506
11,454
Domestic intangible assets
3,673
(714
Investment securities and loans
(2,303
(892
1,901
1,811
Deferred income
360
59
Net operating and capital loss carryforwards
1,379
967
Valuation allowance
(1,379
(799
Other U.S. temporary differences
(202
(242
14,935
11,644
Europe
Deferred tax liability, net
(4,224
(6,257
11,064
10,951
(11,064
(10,951
Other European temporary differences
(373
(527
(4,597
(6,784
Net deferred tax assets
10,338
4,860
Unrecognized tax benefits were not material as of and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014.
The following table is a reconciliation of our federal income tax determined using our statutory federal tax rate to our reported income tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Federal statutory tax rate
43,631
35.0
25,446
87,906
47,917
REIT and other non-taxable income
(38,989
(31.3
)%
(15,516
(21.3
(79,372
(31.7
(37,308
(27.3
State income taxes
753
0.6
1,592
2.2
1,203
0.5
1.2
Federal benefit of state tax deduction
(263
(0.2
(557
(0.8
(0.4
(1,100
(0.9
412
0.2
245
228
0.3
169
0.1
326
Effective tax rate
3.4
15.4
8.7
20. Commitments and Contingencies
As of June 30, 2014, we had future funding commitments on 43 loans totaling $1.8 billion, primarily related to construction projects, capital improvements, tenant improvements, and leasing commissions. Generally, funding commitments are subject to certain conditions that must be met, such as customary construction draw certifications, minimum debt service coverage ratios or executions of new leases before advances are made to the borrower.
Management is not aware of any other contractual obligations, legal proceedings, or any other contingent obligations incurred in the normal course of business that would have a material adverse effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
21. Segment Data
In its operation of the business, management, including our chief operating decision maker, who is our Chief Executive Officer, reviews certain financial information, including segmented internal profit and loss statements prepared on a basis prior to the impact of consolidating VIEs under ASC 810. The segment information within this note is reported on that basis. Refer to Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of the composition of our reportable business segments.
The table below presents our results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2014 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Real Estate Investment Lending
LNR
Subtotal
LNR VIEs
102,892
2,563
15,178
30,081
45,259
(17,639
153
57,834
57,987
(25,306
108
5,236
5,344
(350
118,331
95,714
214,045
(43,295
Management fees (1)
20,423
4,622
25,045
Interest expense (1)
31,557
6,138
7,921
34,992
42,913
181
523
248
66
5,960
60,351
57,114
117,465
57,980
38,600
96,580
(43,516
(12,804
7,281
16,294
17,155
(12,196
Change in fair value of mortgage loans held- for-sale, net
3,432
5,219
8,651
912
Gain on sale of investments, net
Loss on derivative financial instruments, net
(7,610
(2,180
4,082
(305
657
10,878
17,692
28,570
43,025
68,858
56,292
125,150
(491
(443
(3,834
68,415
52,458
120,873
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
(3,005
491
65,410
(1) Due to the structure of our business, certain costs incurred by one segment may benefit other segments. Costs that are identifiable are allocated to the segments that benefit so that one segment is not solely burdened by this cost. Allocated costs currently include interest expense related to our consolidated debt (excluding VIEs) and management fees payable to our Manager, both of which represent shared costs. Each allocation is measured differently based on the specific facts and circumstances of the costs being allocated. During the three months ended June 30, 2014, management fees and interest expense of $4.6 million and $5.2 million, respectively, were allocated to the LNR segment.
The table below presents our results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2013 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Single Family Residential
72,676
2,260
13,638
11,758
25,396
(6,819
52,860
(13,725
96
1,972
2,068
(273
86,410
68,850
155,260
(20,817
13,854
2,274
16,128
19,941
2,707
3,615
40,573
44,188
147
525
391
Loan loss allowance
58
138
52,138
48,311
100,449
165
34,272
20,539
54,811
(20,982
6,114
(3,216
(331
6,388
6,057
(7,449
1,851
2,115
3,966
(196
Loss on sale of investments
(2,001
8,159
1,647
(67
789
23,206
23,995
21,088
35,061
43,745
78,806
106
(411
(10,932
34,650
32,813
67,463
61,405
(951
(106
33,699
43
The table below presents our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2014 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
204,979
5,386
33,467
53,089
86,556
(29,482
190
114,019
114,209
(47,317
188
8,833
9,021
(623
238,824
181,327
420,151
(77,422
41,778
10,259
791
52,828
78
62,811
11,624
1,091
15,066
73,762
88,828
367
735
430
52
7,663
120,800
113,528
1,882
236,210
445
118,024
67,799
(1,882
183,941
(77,867
(24,979
14,205
705
53,246
53,951
(40,631
4,972
3,836
8,808
819
(10,398
(7,258
5,643
(389
53
12,395
56,817
69,212
77,425
130,419
124,616
253,153
(442
(526
(9,371
129,893
115,245
243,256
(3,433
241,705
(3,236
442
126,657
(1) Refer to Note 1 to the table above for the three months ended June 30, 2014. During the six months ended June 30, 2014, management fees and interest expense of $10.2 million and $9.7 million, respectively, were allocated to the LNR segment while $0.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively, were allocated to the SFR segment.
44
The table below presents our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2013 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
140,366
29,878
41,636
175
170,419
239,269
28,923
31,197
37,367
7,653
48,226
91
93,011
141,322
77,408
97,947
Change in fair value of investment securities
74
6,462
2,592
4,707
Gain on sale of investments
Gain on derivative financial instruments
14,227
Foreign currency loss, net
(6,018
23,980
47,186
101,388
145,133
(1,026
100,362
133,175
124,829
(2,132
98,230
45
The table below presents our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2014 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
382,285
136,148
518,433
194
34,324
10,237
4,881,439
4,415
Loans held-for-sale
8,750
145,662
Investment securities
733,876
Intangible assetsservicing rights
224,676
(67,830
52,541
68,644
121,185
(2,564
2,321
2,360
36,904
579
80,279
86,432
166,711
(1,179
VIE assets, at fair value
6,355,586
1,457,659
7,813,245
113,550,258
50,540
89,904
140,444
19,784
4,691
25,019
1,275
2,465,699
3,815,716
191,438
4,007,154
113,541,516
Preferred stock
2,417,704
1,366,871
Treasury stock
65,712
9,250
Retained earnings (deficit)
60,214
(109,900
2,535,220
1,266,221
4,650
8,742
2,539,870
3,806,091
46
The table below presents our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
232,270
40,274
44,807
317,351
276
36,593
32,208
251
4,350,937
794,147
Intangible assets-servicing rights
257,736
(80,563
50,167
76,170
126,337
(3,383
3,138
4,631
35,501
31,020
57,620
8,045
96,685
(872
5,714,187
1,380,940
1,017,688
8,112,815
102,657,760
66,127
135,882
23,056
225,065
309
11,245
6,548
24,149
2,127,717
3,498,498
272,316
3,793,870
102,649,572
1,987,133
1,308,500
1,004,846
68,092
7,357
132,625
(207,233
(10,111
2,179,169
1,108,624
994,735
36,520
(103
36,417
8,188
2,215,689
994,632
4,318,945
47
22. Subsequent Events
Our significant events subsequent to June 30, 2014 were as follows:
Secured Financing Agreements
On July 24, 2014, we amended the Lender 2 Repo 1 facility to upsize available borrowings from $225 million to $325 million and reduce pricing 25-50 basis points depending on the collateral type.
On August 1, 2014, we entered into a new $250 million warehouse line to finance our more transitional assets.
Dividend Declaration
On August 6, 2014, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.48 per share for the third quarter of 2014, which is payable on October 15, 2014 to common stockholders of record as of September 30, 2014.
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 (the Form 10-K). This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. See Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements at the beginning of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
· Real estate investment lending (the Lending Segment)includes all business activities of the Company, excluding the LNR Property LLC (LNR) business, which generally represents investments in real estate related loans and securities that are held-for-investment.
· LNRincludes all business activities of the acquired LNR business excluding the consolidation of securitization VIEs.
Refer to Note 1 of our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for further discussion of our business and organization including our material business acquisitions and dispositions.
Developments During the Second Quarter of 2014
· Originated a $152.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine financing for the acquisition of a Class A office campus in Pleasanton, California, of which the Company funded $106.5 million during the second quarter.
· Originated a $120.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine refinancing of existing first mortgage, senior mezzanine and junior mezzanine loans on a six property office portfolio located in Rosslyn, Virginia. The Company was the original lender on the $49.8 million junior mezzanine loan. The Company fully funded the refinancing during the second quarter.
· Originated a $69.6 million first mortgage and mezzanine financing for the acquisition of a Class A office building in Parsippany, New Jersey, of which the Company funded $58.9 million during the second quarter.
· Originated a $62.2 million first mortgage financing for the acquisition of a 953 key, full service hotel in San Diego, California, of which the Company funded $59.6 million during the second quarter.
· Originated a $59.7 million first mortgage and mezzanine financing for the acquisition of a seven property office portfolio in Minneapolis, Minnesota, of which the Company funded $54.3 million during the second quarter.
· Originated a $58.0 million first mortgage financing for the acquisition of a Class A office building in San Francisco, California. The Company fully funded the loan during the second quarter.
· Funded $72.3 million of previously originated loan commitments during the second quarter.
· Named special servicer on six new issue CMBS deals with total unpaid principal balances of $6.6 billion.
· Purchased $107.1 million of CMBS, including $97.0 million in new issue B-pieces.
· Originated new conduit loans of $320.6 million.
· Received proceeds of $364.3 million from sales of conduit loans.
· Amended our Lender 3 Repo 1 facility to (i) increase additional borrowings by $42.7 million; (ii) extend the maturity date for loan collateral to May 2019, assuming the exercise of two one-year extension options; (iii) reduce pricing for all purchased assets; and (iv) increase advance rates for certain purchased assets.
· Issued 22.0 million shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $491.0 million. In connection with this offering, the underwriters had a 30-day option to purchase an additional 3.3 million shares of common stock, which they exercised in full, resulting in additional gross proceeds of $73.7 million.
· Entered into an amended and restated At-The-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement (the ATM Agreement) with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated to sell shares of the Companys common stock of up to $500 million from time to time, through an at the market equity offering program. During the second quarter, we issued 759 thousand shares under the ATM Agreement for gross proceeds of $18.3 million.
· Established the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan (the DRIP Plan) which provides stockholders with a means of purchasing additional shares of our common stock by reinvesting the cash dividends paid on our common stock and by making additional optional cash purchases. During the second quarter, shares issued under the DRIP Plan were not material.
Developments During the First Quarter of 2014
· Completed the spin-off of our SFR segment to our stockholders on January 31, 2014, as described above.
· Originated a $450.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine construction financing for the development of a 57-story tower containing luxury condominium residences and ground floor retail space in Manhattan, New York, of which the Company funded $26.1 million during the first quarter.
· Originated a $234.9 million first mortgage and mezzanine construction financing for the development of a mixed-use luxury residential and retail development in the Flushing area of Queens, New York, of which the Company funded $19.9 million during the first quarter.
· Co-originated $407.5 million out of a total of $815.0 million of first mortgage and mezzanine financing, which was used to refinance and recapitalize loans the Company had co-originated in October 2012 for the acquisition and redevelopment of a 10-story retail building in the Times Square area of Manhattan, New York, including the addition of a hotel. The Companys balance under the prior loans was $210.9 million. The Company funded $182.0 million of the financing during the first quarter.
· Originated and fully funded $197.2 million of first mortgage and mezzanine financing secured by an 89-asset bank branch portfolio in California.
· Originated a $179.5 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan to finance the acquisition of a premier data center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, of which the Company funded $99.9 million during the first quarter.
· Originated a $113.5 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan to finance the acquisition of a 31-story class A office tower located in Burbank, California, of which the Company funded $74.0 million during the first quarter.
· Named special servicer on three new issue CMBS deals with total unpaid principal balances of $3.2 billion.
50
· Purchased $44.7 million of CMBS, including $38.9 million in new issue B-pieces.
· Originated new conduit loans of $261.8 million.
· Received proceeds of $302.5 million from sales of conduit loans.
· Amended one of our repurchase facilities to upsize available borrowings to $1.0 billion from $550 million, extend the maturity date, allow for additional extension options, reduce pricing and debt-yield thresholds for purchased assets and amend certain financial covenants to contemplate the spin-off of the SFR segment. Refer to Note 8 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
Subsequent Events
Refer to Note 22 of our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for a discussion of subsequent events.
Results of Operations
The discussion below is based on accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and therefore reflects the elimination of certain key financial statement line items related to the consolidation of variable interest entities (VIEs), particularly within revenues and other income, as discussed in Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included herein. For a discussion of our results of operations excluding the impact of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 810 as it relates to the consolidation of VIEs, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section herein.
The following table compares our summarized results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
$ Change
Lending segment
31,921
68,405
LNR segment
26,864
112,477
(22,478
(56,605
36,307
124,277
8,213
27,789
8,803
65,217
SFR segment allocations
56
280
17,072
95,168
10,089
(11,585
(5,514
33,611
21,937
56,337
26,512
78,363
Income from continuing operations before income taxes:
33,797
29,031
12,547
80,871
(597
(548
45,747
107,472
7,066
6,058
6,795
Net income attributable to non- controlling interests
(1,457
(556
57,414
115,772
51
Three Months Ended June 30, 2014 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2013
Lending Segment
Revenues
For the three months ended June 30, 2014, revenues of our Lending Segment increased $31.9 million to $118.3 million, compared to $86.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013. This increase was primarily due to a $30.2 million increase in interest income from loans, which reflects a $1.6 billion net increase in loan investments of our Lending Segment between June 30, 2013 and 2014, mainly resulting from new loan originations.
Costs and Expenses
For the three months ended June 30, 2014, costs and expenses of our Lending Segment increased $8.2 million to $60.3 million, compared to $52.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013. The increase was primarily due to increases of $11.6 million in interest expense, $6.6 million in management fees and $4.3 million in general and administrative (G&A) expenses, all partially offset by the absence of $13.4 million of business combination costs incurred in the 2013 quarter associated with the LNR acquisition. The increase in interest expense reflects a $0.9 billion increase in outstanding balances under secured financing agreements of our Lending Segment between June 30, 2013 and 2014, as well as our issuance of $460 million principal amount of 4.0% convertible senior notes in July 2013. These borrowings, along with equity issuances, are used to fund the growth of our investment portfolio. The increase in management fees reflects the impacts of (i) higher returns on invested capital which resulted in an incentive fee in the 2014 second quarter, compared to none in the 2013 quarter, and (ii) higher manager stock compensation expense resulting from awards granted in the 2014 first quarter. The increase in G&A expenses reflects higher legal fees principally associated with the administration of our financing facilities and higher compensation expense, both reflective of the increased size of our investment portfolio and related borrowings.
Other Income
For the three months ended June 30, 2014, other income of our Lending Segment increased $10.1 million to $10.9 million, from $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2013. The increase was primarily due to $10.1 million of gains on sales of investments, particularly RMBS, in the 2014 second quarter, compared to a negligible loss on sales of investments in the 2013 quarter.
LNR Segment and VIEs
The Company acquired LNR on April 19, 2013. Therefore, a comparison of results of the LNR Segment and VIEs for the three months ended June 30, 2014 to the three months ended June 30, 2013 is not meaningful as the current year quarter has an additional 18 days of operational activity.
For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, revenues of LNR were $52.4 million and $48.0 million, respectively, after consolidated VIE eliminations of $43.3 million and $20.8 million, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2014, these revenues primarily consisted of $32.5 million of servicing fees and $15.0 million of interest income from investment securities and loans, after consolidated VIE eliminations of $25.3 million and $17.6 million, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2013, these revenues primarily consisted of $39.1 million of servicing fees and $7.2 million of interest income from investment securities and loans, after consolidated VIE eliminations of $13.7 million and $6.8 million, respectively. The VIE eliminations are merely a function of the number of CMBS trusts consolidated in any given period, and as such, are not a meaningful indicator of the operating results for this segment. The increase in revenues of $26.9 million (before VIE eliminations) is not only attributable to additional days in the 2014 second quarter, but also to improved performance of the CMBS book.
For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, costs and expenses of LNR were $57.3 million and $48.5 million, respectively, including nominal VIE eliminations. For the three months ended June 30, 2014, these costs and expenses primarily consisted of G&A expenses of $35.2 million, direct and allocated interest expense of $6.1 million, depreciation and amortization of $5.2 million (including $4.4 million related to the European servicing rights intangible), allocated management fees of $4.6 million, and other expenses of $6.0 million, which includes accruals for contingencies and fee sharing arrangements. For the three months ended June 30, 2013, these costs and expenses primarily consisted of G&A expenses of $40.7 million, direct and allocated interest
expense of $2.7 million, depreciation and amortization of $2.2 million and allocated management fees of $2.3 million. G&A expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2013 included $8.5 million of expenses recognized under LNRs change in control bonus plan as well as non-recurring severance expenses of $6.7 million incurred in connection with the LNR segment restructuring which occurred after the acquisition.
For the three months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, other income of LNR was $60.7 million and $44.3 million, respectively, including additive net VIE eliminations of $43.0 million and $21.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2014, other income primarily consisted of $47.0 million of income of consolidated VIEs and $15.7 million of net increases in fair value of investment securities and mortgage loans held-for-sale, which reflect both realized and unrealized net gains. For the three months ended June 30, 2013, other income primarily consisted of $31.9 million of income of consolidated VIEs and $8.2 million of net gain on derivatives which are used to hedge interest rate risk and credit risk on LNRs conduit loans held-for-sale. Income of consolidated VIEs reflects amounts associated with LNRs variable interests in the CMBS trusts it consolidates, including special servicing fees, interest income, and changes in fair value of CMBS and servicing rights. As noted above, this number is merely a function of the number of CMBS trusts consolidated in any given period, and as such, is not a meaningful indicator of the operating results for this segment.
Income Tax Provision
Most of our consolidated income tax provision relates to the taxable nature of LNRs loan servicing and loan conduit businesses which are housed in TRSs. Our tax provision for the three months ended June 30, 2014, as well as the overall effective tax rate, is lower than for the three months ended June 30, 2013 primarily due to the finalization of our tax planning strategies associated with the LNR acquisition.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, revenues of our Lending Segment increased $68.4 million to $238.8 million, compared to $170.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013. This increase is primarily due to a $64.6 million increase in interest income from loans, which reflects a $1.6 billion net increase in loan investments of our Lending Segment between June 30, 2013 and 2014, mainly resulting from new loan originations.
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, costs and expenses of our Lending Segment increased $27.8 million to $120.8 million, compared to $93.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013. The increase was primarily due to increases of $25.4 million in interest expense, $12.9 million in management fees and $7.4 million in G&A expenses, all partially offset by the absence of $17.6 million of business combination costs incurred in the 2013 period associated with the LNR acquisition. The increase in interest expense reflects our issuance of $1.1 billion total principal amount of 4.6% and 4.0% convertible senior notes in February and July of 2013, respectively, and a $0.9 billion increase in outstanding balances under secured financing agreements of our Lending Segment between June 30, 2013 and 2014. These borrowings, along with equity issuances, are used to fund the growth of our investment portfolio. The increase in management fees reflects the impacts of (i) higher returns on invested capital which resulted in an incentive fee in the 2014 period, compared to none in the 2013 period, and (ii) higher manager stock compensation expense resulting from awards granted in the 2014 first quarter. The increase in G&A expenses reflects higher legal fees principally associated with the administration of our financing facilities and higher compensation expense, both reflective of the increased size of our investment portfolio and related borrowings.
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, other income of our Lending Segment decreased $11.6 million to $12.4 million, from $24.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2013. The decrease was primarily due to a $24.6 million unfavorable swing in gain (loss) on derivatives partially offset by an $11.7 million favorable swing in foreign currency gain (loss). The unfavorable swing in gain (loss) on derivatives was primarily due to $14.8 million of unrealized gains on foreign currency hedges in the six months ended June 30, 2013 driven by a deterioration of the European currency markets principally in the 2013 first quarter compared to a $10.0 million loss in the six months ended June 30, 2014 driven by a strengthening of those currency markets. These foreign currency hedges are used to fix the U.S. dollar amounts of cash flows (both interest and principal payments) we expect to receive from our foreign currency denominated loans and CMBS investments. The unfavorable swing in these foreign currency hedges is greater than
the offsetting favorable swing in foreign currency gain (loss) mainly because the portion of unrealized foreign currency gain (loss) associated with our available-for-sale CMBS investments is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income rather than earnings, in accordance with GAAP, whereas the full change in fair value of the related currency hedges is reported in earnings since they are not designated hedges.
The Company acquired LNR on April 19, 2013. Therefore, a comparison of results of the LNR Segment and VIEs for the six months ended June 30, 2014 to the six months ended June 30, 2013 is not meaningful as the current year period has an additional 108 days of operational activity. Refer to the three month discussion above with respect to the composition of LNRs revenues, costs and expenses and other income for the 2013 six month period, which is the same as the 2013 three month period.
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, revenues of LNR were $103.9 million, after consolidated VIE eliminations of $77.4 million, and primarily consisted of $66.7 million of servicing fees and $29.0 million of interest income from investment securities and loans, after consolidated VIE eliminations of $47.3 million and $29.5 million, respectively.
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, costs and expenses of LNR were $114.0 million, including nominal VIE eliminations, and primarily consisted of G&A expenses of $74.1 million, direct and allocated interest expense of $11.6 million, allocated management fees of $10.3 million and depreciation and amortization of $9.8 million (including $8.4 million related to the European servicing rights intangible). Other expenses were $7.7 million, which includes accruals for contingencies and fee sharing arrangements.
For the six months ended June 30, 2014, other income of LNR was $134.2 million, including additive net VIE eliminations of $77.4 million, and primarily consisted of $103.0 million of income of consolidated VIEs and $45.1 million of net increases in fair value of investment securities and mortgage loans held-for-sale, which are accounted for using the fair value option. These increases were partially offset by a $10.8 million decrease in the fair value of our domestic servicing intangible resulting from the expected amortization of this deteriorating asset, net of increases in fair value due to the attainment of new servicing contracts, and $7.3 million of net loss on derivatives which are used to hedge interest rate risk and credit risk on LNRs conduit loans held-for-sale.
Most of our consolidated income tax provision relates to the taxable nature of LNRs loan servicing and loan conduit businesses which are housed in TRSs. Our tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2014, as well as the overall effective tax rate, is lower than for the six months ended June 30, 2013 primarily due to the finalization of our tax planning strategies associated with the LNR acquisition.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Core Earnings is a non-GAAP financial measure. We calculate Core Earnings as GAAP net income (loss) excluding non-cash equity compensation expense, the incentive fee due under our Management Agreement, depreciation and amortization of real estate (to the extent that we own properties), any unrealized gains, losses or other non-cash items recorded in net income for the period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income or loss, or in net income. The amount is adjusted to exclude one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain other non-cash charges as determined by our Manager and approved by a majority of our independent directors.
We believe that Core Earnings provides an additional measure of our core operating performance by eliminating the impact of certain non-cash expenses and facilitating a comparison of our financial results to those of other comparable REITs with fewer or no non-cash charges and comparison of our own operating results from period to period. Our management uses Core Earnings in this way, and also uses Core Earnings to compute the incentive fee due under our management agreement. The Company believes that its investors also use Core Earnings or a comparable supplemental performance measure to evaluate and compare the performance of the Company and its peers, and as such, the Company believes that the disclosure of Core Earnings is useful to (and expected by) its investors.
54
However, the Company cautions that Core Earnings does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (determined in accordance with GAAP), or an indication of our cash flows from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP), a measure of our liquidity, or an indication of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. In addition, our methodology for calculating Core Earnings may differ from the methodologies employed by other REITs to calculate the same or similar supplemental performance measures, and accordingly, our reported Core Earnings may not be comparable to the Core Earnings reported by other REITs.
In assessing the appropriate weighted average diluted share count to apply to Core Earnings for purposes of determining Core earnings per share (EPS), management considered the following: (i) in accordance with GAAP, the two-class method was deemed most dilutive; and (ii) under the two-class method, our participating securities were determined to be anti-dilutive and were thus excluded from the denominator. Because compensation expense related to participating securities is added back for Core Earnings purposes pursuant to the definition above, there is no dilution to Core Earnings resulting from the associated expense recognition. As a result, we determined that the two-class method, adjusted to include (instead of exclude) participating securities, was the most conservative and appropriate weighted average share count to apply to the calculation. The following table presents the diluted weighted average shares used in our calculation of Core EPS (in thousands):
Diluted weighted average shares
225,766
163,489
214,070
150,156
The definition of Core Earnings allows management to make adjustments, subject to the approval of a majority of the independent directors, in non-standard situations where such adjustments are considered appropriate in order for Core Earnings to be calculated in a manner consistent with its definition and objective. We encountered this type of situation during 2014 when a hedged loan was expected to be repaid, but was instead extended. The series of foreign exchange forward contracts which hedged this loan were in a loss position on the expected repayment date. In order to accommodate the revised repayment date, the hedges were extended. In doing so, the counterparty required that the existing hedges be effectively liquidated. As a result, for GAAP and Core Earnings purposes, the loss on the hedge is realized, while the corresponding gain on the loan continues as unrealized until the repayment occurs. In an effort to treat this transaction consistently with similar past transactions, and to match the income statement effects of a hedge with the related hedged item, we modified the definition of Core Earnings to allow for hedged loans and their corresponding hedges to be treated as realized in the same accounting period.
55
The following table presents our summarized results of operations and reconciliation to Core Earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2014, by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Costs and expenses
(60,351
(57,114
(117,465
Other income
Income attributable to non-controlling interests
Add / (Deduct):
Non-cash equity compensation expense
7,524
Management incentive fee
2,674
1,373
4,047
788
Interest income adjustment for securities
(948
396
(552
Other non-cash items
250
(Gains) / losses on:
(512
(690
(16,577
(17,267
Derivatives
(2,622
1,362
(1,260
Foreign currency
5,017
(522
Core Earnings
76,226
39,016
115,242
Core Earnings per Weighted Average Diluted Share
0.34
0.17
0.51
The following table presents our summarized results of operations and reconciliation to Core Earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2013, by business segment (amounts in thousands):
(52,138
(48,311
(100,449
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
4,173
Change in Control Plan
8,512
112
715
827
(488
3,806
3,318
Loans held for sale
8,344
690
(5,248
(4,558
Impairment of real estate
1,144
(6,037
(4,893
(1,716
(546
U.S. special servicing intangible
(6,114
Core Earnings (Loss)
38,227
35,642
(4,885
68,984
Core Earnings (Loss) per Weighted Average Diluted Share
0.23
0.22
(0.03
0.42
Real Estate Investment Lending Segment
The Lending Segments Core Earnings increased by $38.0 million, from $38.2 million during the second quarter of 2013 to $76.2 million in the second quarter of 2014. After making adjustments for the calculation of Core Earnings, revenues were $117.4 million, costs and expenses were $50.3 million, other income was $12.6 million and income taxes were $0.4 million.
Core revenues, consisting principally of interest income on loans, increased by $31.5 million due to growth of $1.6 billion in our loan portfolio since June 30, 2013.
Core costs and expenses increased by $3.1 million in the second quarter of 2014, primarily due to higher interest expense associated with the various facilities utilized to fund the growth of our investment portfolio. This increase in interest expense was partially offset by the absence of $13.4 million of costs incurred in the second quarter of 2013 associated with the LNR acquisition. General and administrative expenses increased by $4.3 million during the quarter primarily due to higher legal fees principally associated with the administration of our financing facilities and higher compensation expense.
Core other income increased by $11.7 million, principally due to higher gains on sales of investments of $9.6 million. The nature and timing of investment sales will depend upon a variety of factors, including our current outlook and strategy with respect to an investment, other available investment opportunities, and market pricing. As a result, gains (or losses) from sales of our investments have fluctuated over time, and we would expect this variability to continue for the foreseeable future.
57
LNR Segment
The Company acquired LNR on April 19, 2013. Therefore, a comparison of the LNR Segment Core Earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2014 to the three months ended June 30, 2013 is not meaningful as the current year quarter has an additional 18 days of operational activity.
The LNR Segment contributed Core Earnings of $39.0 million during the second quarter of 2014. After making adjustments for the calculation of Core Earnings, revenues were $96.1 million, costs and expenses were $54.7 million, other income was $1.4 million and income taxes were $3.8 million.
Core revenues benefited from servicing fees of $57.8 million, CMBS interest income of $30.5 million, interest income on our conduit loans of $2.6 million, and other revenues of $5.2 million. Our U.S. servicing operation earned $45.3 million in fees during the period while our European servicer earned $12.5 million. The treatment of CMBS interest income on a GAAP basis is complicated by our application of the ASC 810 consolidation rules. In an attempt to treat these securities similar to the trusts other investment securities, we compute core interest income pursuant to an effective yield methodology. In doing so, we segregate the portfolio into various categories based on the components of the bonds cash flows and the volatility related to each of these components. We then accrete interest income on an effective yield basis using the components of cash flows that are reliably estimable. Other minor adjustments are made to reflect managements expectations for other components of the projected cash flow stream.
Included in core costs and expenses were general and administrative expenses of $35.0 million, allocated segment management fees of $3.2 million, direct interest expense of $1.0 million, allocated interest expense of $5.1 million and amortization expense of $4.4 million. Amortization expense principally represents the amortization of the European special servicing intangible, which reflects the deterioration of this asset as fees are earned.
Core other income includes profit realized upon securitization of loans by our conduit business, gains on sales of CMBS, gains on derivatives that were either effectively terminated or novated, and earnings from unconsolidated entities. Derivatives include instruments which hedge interest rate risk and credit risk on our conduit loans. For GAAP purposes, the loans, CMBS and derivatives are accounted for at fair value, with all changes in fair value (realized or unrealized) recognized in earnings. The adjustments to Core Earnings outlined above are also applied to the GAAP earnings of our unconsolidated entities.
Income taxes principally relate to the operating results of our servicing business and our conduit business, which are held in TRSs.
Single Family Residential Segment
As discussed in Note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein, the SFR segment was spun off to our stockholders on January 31, 2014.
The following table presents our summarized results of operations and reconciliation to Core Earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2014, by business segment (amounts in thousands):
(120,800
(113,528
(236,210
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
7,148
4,075
11,223
1,279
1,070
1,540
2,610
(1,350
5,854
4,504
(3,116
(1,053
(39,114
(40,167
(180
3,325
3,145
4,072
(593
150,383
88,275
(1,893
236,765
0.70
The following table presents our summarized results of operations and reconciliation to Core Earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2013, by business segment (amounts in thousands):
(93,011
(141,322
1,428
252
(4,996
(15,436
(21,473
5,711
97,900
(6,460
127,082
0.65
0.24
0.85
The Lending Segments Core Earnings increased by $52.5 million, from $97.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2013 to $150.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014. After making adjustments for the calculation of Core Earnings, revenues were $237.5 million, costs and expenses were $98.6 million, other income was $15.2 million and income taxes were $0.5 million.
Core revenues, consisting principally of interest income on loans, increased by $67.5 million due to growth of $1.6 billion in our loan portfolio since June 30, 2013.
Core costs and expenses increased by $15.2 million, primarily due to higher interest expense associated with the various facilities utilized to fund the growth of our investment portfolio. This increase in interest expense was partially offset by the absence of $17.6 million of costs associated with the LNR acquisition. General and administrative expenses increased by $7.0 million primarily due to higher legal fees principally associated with the administration of our financing facilities and higher compensation expense.
Core other income increased by $0.7 million on a net basis.
The Company acquired LNR on April 19, 2013. Therefore, a comparison of the LNR Segment Core Earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2014 to the six months ended June 30, 2013 is not meaningful as the current year period has an additional 108 days of operational activity.
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The LNR Segment contributed Core Earnings of $88.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014. After making adjustments for the calculation of Core Earnings, revenues were $187.2 million, costs and expenses were $106.8 million, other income was $17.3 million and income taxes were $9.4 million.
Core revenues benefited from servicing fees of $114.0 million, CMBS interest income of $58.9 million, interest income on our conduit loans of $5.4 million, and other revenues of $8.9 million. Our U.S. servicing operation earned $88.6 million in fees during the period while our European servicer earned $25.4 million. The treatment of CMBS interest income on a GAAP basis is complicated by our application of the ASC 810 consolidation rules. In an attempt to treat these securities similar to the trusts other investment securities, we compute core interest income pursuant to an effective yield methodology. In doing so, we segregate the portfolio into various categories based on the components of the bonds cash flows and the volatility related to each of these components. We then accrete interest income on an effective yield basis using the components of cash flows that are reliably estimable. Other minor adjustments are made to reflect managements expectations for other components of the projected cash flow stream.
Included in core costs and expenses were general and administrative expenses of $72.8 million, allocated segment management fees of $6.1 million, direct interest expense of $1.9 million, allocated interest expense of $9.7 million and amortization expense of $8.4 million. Amortization expense principally represents the amortization of the European special servicing intangible, which reflects the deterioration of this asset as fees are earned.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet our cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain our assets and operations, make new investments where appropriate, pay any dividends to our stockholders, and other general business needs. We closely monitor our liquidity position and believe that we have sufficient current liquidity and access to additional liquidity to meet our financial obligations for at least the next 12 months. Our strategy for managing liquidity and capital resources has not changed since December 31, 2013, other than as set forth below. Please refer to our Form 10-K for a description of these strategies.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
As of June 30, 2014, we had cash and cash equivalents of $518.6 million.
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Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2014
GAAP
VIE Adjustments
Excluding LNR VIEs
82
230,524
(98,291
(151,744
Proceeds from sales and collections of investment securities
69,333
85,169
154,502
Proceeds from principal collections and sale of loans
789,532
Acquisition and improvement of single family homes and acquisition of non-performing loans, net of sales proceeds
(58,964
Net cash flows from other investments and assets
(18,294
(1,472
(19,766
(14,594
(681,977
Proceeds from common stock issuances, net of offering costs
581,417
99,763
(13,413
14,594
651,710
200,257
(276
(194
The discussion below is on a non-GAAP basis, after removing adjustments principally resulting from the consolidation of LNRs VIEs under ASC 810. These adjustments principally relate to (i) purchase of CMBS related to consolidated VIEs, which are reflected as repayments of VIE debt on a GAAP basis and (ii) sales of CMBS related to consolidated VIEs, which are reflected as VIE distributions on a GAAP basis. There is no significant net impact to cash flows from operations or to overall cash resulting from these consolidations. Refer to Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for further discussion.
Cash and cash equivalents increased by $200.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014, reflecting net cash provided by operating activities of $230.5 million and net cash provided by financing activities of $651.7 million partially offset by net cash used in investing activities of $682.0 million.
Net cash provided by operating activities of $230.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 related primarily to cash interest income of $264.2 million from our loan origination and conduit programs, plus cash interest income on investment securities of $76.0 million. Servicing fees provided cash of $111.4 million and other revenues provided $13.3 million. Offsetting these revenues were general and administrative expenses of $66.7 million, a net change in operating assets and liabilities of $76.4 million, cash interest expense of $65.2 million and management fees of $26.6 million.
Net cash used in investing activities of $682.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2014 related primarily to the origination and acquisition of new loans held-for-investment of $1.3 billion, $112.0 million distributed in connection with the SWAY spin-off, the acquisition and improvement of real estate and non-performing residential loans of $59.0 million, all partially offset by proceeds received from principal repayments and sales of loans of $789.5 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities of $651.7 million for the six months ended June 30 related primarily to net proceeds from our April 2014 equity offering and other common stock issuances of $581.4 million and net borrowings after repayments on our secured debt of $289.3 million, partially offset by dividend distributions of $185.6 million and distributions to non-controlling entities of $33.4 million.
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Our Investment Portfolio
The following table sets forth the amount of each category of investments we owned across various property types within our Lending Segment as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
% Owned
Asset Specific Financing
Net Investment
Vintage
3,309,328
3,255,013
100
1,492,005
1,763,008
1989-2014
Subordinated mortgages
2,000
353,561
1999-2014
42,100
1,233,107
2006-2014
RMBSAFS(1)
110,978
2003 - 2007
CMBSAFS(1)
103,113
2012 - 2013
HTM securities(2)
371,700
311,629
15,635
Investments in unconsolidated entities
5,986,197
5,819,473
1,858,014
3,961,459
2,749,072
2,701,730
1,099,628
1,602,102
1989 - 2013
4,000
403,462
1999-2013
1,245,729
2010-2013
180,484
168,293
100,648
309,851
15,133
5,570,540
5,375,665
1,471,276
3,904,389
(1) RMBS and CMBS available-for-sale (AFS) securities.
(2) Mandatorily redeemable preferred equity interests in commercial real estate entities and CMBS held-to-maturity (HTM).
As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, our Lending Segments investment portfolio, excluding other investments, had the following characteristics based on carrying values:
Collateral Property Type
Office
43.6
33.1
Hospitality
25.3
25.6
Multi-family
1.3
Retail
7.3
Mixed Use
6.6
16.9
Residential
4.6
Industrial
3.0
1.8
100.0
Geographic Location
West
30.2
25.7
North East
20.8
International
14.2
South East
13.4
17.7
Mid Atlantic
10.3
9.1
Midwest
6.7
South West
6.0
The following table sets forth the amount of each category of investments we owned within our LNR Segment as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (amounts in thousands):
4,049,330
Servicing rights intangibles
144,974
50,094
Loans held-for-investment
8,027
4,202,331
1,081,466
985,898
3,871,803
76,829
17,144
4,098,046
1,103,641
973,798
(1) Includes $469.5 million and $409.3 million of CMBS reflected in VIE liabilities in accordance with ASC 810 as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
(2) Includes $67.8 million and $80.6 million of servicing rights intangibles reflected in VIE assets in accordance with ASC 810 as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
New Credit Facilities
In January 2014, we amended our Lender 1 Repo 1 facility to (i) upsize available borrowings to $1.0 billion from $550 million; (ii) extend the maturity date for loan collateral to January 2019 and for CMBS collateral to January 2016, each from August 2014, and each assuming initial extension options; (iii) allow for up to four additional one-year extension options with respect to any loan collateral that remains financed at maturity, in an effort to match the term of the maturity dates of these assets; (iv) reduce pricing and debt-yield thresholds for purchased assets; and (v) amend certain financial covenants to contemplate the spin-off of the SFR segment. STWD guarantees certain of the obligations of the consolidated subsidiary, which is the borrower under the repurchase
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agreement, up to a maximum liability of either 25% or 100% of the then-currently outstanding repurchase price of purchased assets, depending upon the type of asset being financed.
Borrowings under Various Financing Arrangements
The following table is a summary of our financing facilities as of June 30, 2014 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Pledged Asset Carrying Value
Maximum Facility Size
Outstanding balance
Approved but Undrawn Capacity(b)
Unallocated Financing Amount(c)
125,218
121,750
(e)
32,421
21,952
43,849
54,432
LIBOR + 3.25%(g)
165,614
LIBOR + 2.75%(g)
(h)
157,639
657,597
(b) Approved but undrawn capacity represents the total draw amount that has been approved by the lender related to those assets that have been pledged as collateral, less the drawn amount.
(c) Unallocated financing amount represents the maximum facility size less the total draw capacity that has been approved by the lender.
(d) Maturity date for borrowings collateralized by loans of January 2017 before extension options and January 2019 assuming initial extension options. Maturity date for borrowings collateralized by CMBS of January 2015 before extension options and January 2016 assuming initial extension options.
(e) The date that is 180 days after the buyer delivers notice to seller, subject to a maximum date of March 13, 2015.
(f) On July 24, 2014, we amended the Lender 2 Repo 1 facility to upsize available borrowings from $225 million to $325 million and reduce pricing 25-50 basis points depending on the collateral type.
(g) Subject to borrowers option to choose alternative benchmark based rates pursuant to the terms of the credit agreement. The Term Loan is also subject to a 75 basis point floor.
(h) Term loan outstanding balance is net of $2.3 million of unamortized discount.
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Refer to Note 8 of our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for further disclosure regarding the terms of our financing arrangements.
Variance between Average and Quarter-End Credit Facility Borrowings Outstanding
The following table compares the average amount outstanding of our secured financing agreements during each quarter and the amount outstanding as of the end of each quarter, together with an explanation of significant variances:
Quarter Ended
Quarter-End Balance (in 000s)
Weighted-Average Balance During Quarter (in 000s)
Variance (in 000s)
Explanations for Significant Variances
1,850,572
406,988
(a)
March 31, 2014
2,601,062
2,536,926
64,136
2,366,435
194,832
(a) Variance primarily due to the following: (i) $375.0 million in proceeds from the upsize of the Term Loan in December 2013, and (ii) $86.1 million draw on the Borrowing Base facility.
(b) Variance primarily due to the following: (i) $281.6 million in draws on the Lender 1 Repo 1 facility subsequent to its upsizing in January 2014; partially offset by (ii) $146.0 million repayment on the Borrowing Base facility in March 2014.
(c) Variance primarily due to the following: (i) $90.0 million drawn on the Lender 1 Repo 1 facility in June 2014; (ii) $84.4 million drawn on the borrowing base facility in June 2014; and (iii) $43.5 million drawn on the Lender 2 Repo 1 facility in June 2014.
Scheduled Principal Repayments on Investments and Overhang on Financing Facilities
The following scheduled and/or projected principal repayments on our investments were based upon the amounts outstanding and contractual terms of the financing facilities in effect as of June 30, 2014 (amounts in thousands):
Scheduled Principal Repayments on Loans and Preferred Interests
Scheduled/Projected Principal Repayments on RMBS and CMBS
Projected Required Repayments of Financing
Scheduled Principal Inflows Net of Financing Outflows
Third Quarter 2014
173,275
16,682
(106,985
82,972
Fourth Quarter 2014
74,913
21,464
(87,486
8,891
First Quarter 2015
20,216
16,845
(124,776
(87,715
Second Quarter 2015
54,913
21,763
(10,831
65,845
323,317
76,754
(330,078
69,993
The Company is in discussions with its lenders to extend or amend any financing facilities which contain near term expirations.
Issuances of Equity Securities
We may raise funds through capital market transactions by issuing capital stock. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to access the capital markets at any particular time or on any particular terms. We have authorized 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock and 500,000,000 shares of common stock. At June 30, 2014, we had 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock available for issuance and 276,775,856 shares of common stock available for issuance.
Refer to Note 15 of our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for discussion of our issuances of equity securities during the six months ended June 30, 2014.
Other Potential Sources of Financing
In the future, we may also use other sources of financing to fund the acquisition of our target assets, including other secured as well as unsecured forms of borrowing and/or sale of certain investment securities which no longer meet our return requirements. We may also seek to raise further equity capital, issue debt securities or liquidate investment securities which no longer meet our return requirements in order to fund our future investments.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have relationships with unconsolidated entities and/or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as SPEs or VIEs. We are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support for any SPEs or VIEs. As such, the risk associated with our involvement is limited to the carrying value of our investment in the entity. Refer to Note 13 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for further discussion.
Dividends
We intend to continue to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its net taxable income. We intend to continue to pay regular quarterly dividends to our stockholders in an amount approximating our net taxable income, if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors. Before we pay any dividend, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, we must first meet both our operating and debt service requirements. If our cash available for distribution is less than our net taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions or we may make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities. Please refer to our Form 10-K for a detailed dividend history.
The Companys board of directors declared the following dividends during the six months ended June 30, 2014:
Record Date
Announce Date
Pay Date
Frequency
6/30/14
5/6/14
7/15/14
Quarterly
3/31/14
2/24/14
4/15/14
Leverage Policies
Our strategies with regards to use of leverage have not changed significantly since December 31, 2013. Please refer to our Form 10-K for a description of our strategies regarding use of leverage.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Contractual obligations as of June 30, 2014 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Less than 1 Year
1 to 3 years
3 to 5 years
More than 5 years
Secured financings
330,079
320,486
1,278,432
634,579
Secured borrowings on transferred loans(a)
13,656
1,463
127,764
Loan funding obligations
1,783,426
801,104
968,562
13,760
Future lease commitments
40,197
6,550
12,151
10,023
5,590,060
1,151,389
1,302,662
2,491,407
644,602
(a) These amounts relate to financial asset sales that were required to be accounted for as secured borrowings. As a result, the assets we sold remain on our consolidated balance sheet for financial reporting purposes. Such assets are expected to provide match funding for these liabilities.
The table above does not include interest payable, amounts due under our Management Agreement or derivative agreements as those contracts do not have fixed and determinable payments.
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Critical Accounting Estimates
Refer to the section of our Form 10-K entitled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCritical Accounting Estimates for a full discussion of our critical accounting estimates. Our critical accounting estimates have not materially changed since December 31, 2013.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We seek to manage our risks related to the credit quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds and market value while, at the same time, seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive risk-adjusted returns through ownership of our capital stock. While we do not seek to avoid risk completely, we believe the risk can be quantified from historical experience and seek to actively manage that risk, to earn sufficient compensation to justify taking those risks and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake. Our strategies for managing risk and our exposure to such risks have not changed materially since December 31, 2013. Refer to our Form 10-K Item 7A for further discussion.
Market Risk
Our loans and investments are subject to credit risk. The performance and value of our loans and investments depend upon the owners ability to operate the properties that serve as our collateral so that they produce cash flows adequate to pay interest and principal due to us. To monitor this risk, our Managers asset management team reviews our investment portfolios and in certain instances is in regular contact with our borrowers, monitoring performance of the collateral and enforcing our rights as necessary.
We seek to further manage credit risk associated with our loans held-for-sale through the purchase of credit index instruments. The following table presents our credit index instruments as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Face Value of Loans Held-for-Sale
Aggregate Notional Value of Credit Index Instruments
Number of Credit Index Instruments
50,000
Our RMBS portfolio had a weighted average Standard and Poors rating of B-, as of both June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Our CMBS fair value option portfolio, including CMBS eliminated in consolidation pursuant to ASC 810 and excluding unrated CMBS, had a weighted average rating of CCC and CC, as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
As of June 30, 2014, we had not elected the fair value option for the following CMBS (1) $115.2 million of an available-for-sale CMBS rated BB+, (2) $84.1 million of a held-to-maturity CMBS rated BB-, and (3) a $0.9 million interest-only debt security rated BBB-.
Capital Market Risk
We are exposed to risks related to the equity capital markets, and our related ability to raise capital through the issuance of our common stock or other equity instruments. We are also exposed to risks related to the debt capital markets, and our related ability to finance our business through borrowings under repurchase obligations or other debt instruments. As a REIT, we are required to distribute a significant portion of our taxable income annually, which constrains our ability to accumulate operating cash flow and therefore requires us to utilize debt or equity capital to finance our business. We seek to mitigate these risks by monitoring the debt and equity capital markets to inform our decisions on the amount, timing, and terms of capital we raise.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond our control. We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our investments and the related financing obligations. In general, we seek to match the interest rate characteristics of our investments with the interest rate characteristics of any related financing obligations such as repurchase agreements, bank credit facilities, term loans, revolving facilities and securitizations. In instances where the interest rate characteristics of an investment and the related financing obligation are not matched, we mitigate such interest rate risk through the utilization of interest rate swaps of the same duration. The following table presents financial instruments where we have utilized interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate risk and the related interest rate swaps as of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Instrument hedged as of June 30, 2014
Face Value of Hedged Instruments
Aggregate Notional Value of Interest Rate Swaps
Number of Interest Rate Swaps
59,922
59,941
129,100
74,000
Secured financing agreements
156,013
162,941
682,627
425,982
Instrument hedged as of December 31, 2013
60,810
60,905
175,400
25,000
18,939
9,700
168,766
177,100
871,635,
448,105
The following table summarizes the change in net investment income for the subsequent 12 month period for our LIBOR-based investments and our LIBOR-based debt assuming an increase or decrease of 100 basis points in LIBOR and adjusted for the effects of our interest rate hedging activities (amounts in thousands):
Income (Expense) Subject to Interest Rate Sensitivity
Variable-rate investments and indebtedness
100 Basis Point Increase
100 Basis Point Decrease (1)
Investment income from variable-rate investments
4,118,416
35,690
(5,853
Interest expense from variable-rate debt
(2,563,576
(21,660
4,368
Net investment income from variable rate instruments
1,554,840
14,030
(1,485
(1) Assumes LIBOR does not go below 0%.
Foreign Currency Risk
We intend to hedge our currency exposures in a prudent manner. However, our currency hedging strategies may not eliminate all of our currency risk due to, among other things, uncertainties in the timing and/or amount of payments received on the related investments, and/or unequal, inaccurate, or unavailability of hedges to perfectly offset changes in future exchange rates. Additionally, we may be required under certain circumstances to collateralize our currency hedges for the benefit of the hedge counterparty, which could adversely affect our liquidity.
Consistent with our strategy of hedging foreign currency exposure on certain investments, we typically enter into a series of forwards to fix the U.S. dollar amount of foreign currency denominated cash flows (interest and principal payments) we expect to receive from our foreign currency denominated loan and CMBS investments. Accordingly, the notional values and expiration dates of our foreign currency hedges approximate the amounts and timing of future payments we expect to receive on the related investments. The following table represents our current currency hedge exposure as it relates to our loan investments and a CMBS investment denominated in foreign currencies, along with the aggregate notional amount of the hedges in place (amounts in thousands except for number of contracts, using the June 30, 2014 pound sterling (GBP) closing rate of 1.7106, Euro (EUR) closing rate of 1.3689,
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Swedish Krona (SEK) closing rate of 0.1496, Norwegian Krone (NOK) closing rate of 0.1630, Danish Krone (DKK) closing rate of 0.1837):
Carrying Value of Investment
Local Currency
Number of foreign exchange contracts
Aggregate Notional Value of Hedges Applied
Expiration Range of Contracts
11,032
GBP
12,752
July 2014 March 2016
115,209
126,499
September 2014 March 2016
25,373
30,786
July 2014 August 2016
30,149
EUR
37,171
August 2014 February 2016
101,515
130,632
July 2014 April 2017
51,149
62,280
July 2014 January 2016
63,671
72,493
July 2014 October 2016
1,745
4,280
March 2015
8,319
EUR, DKK, NOK, SEK
14,369
December 2015
19,739
July 2014 January 2018
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART IIOTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
Currently, no material legal proceedings are pending or, to our knowledge, threatened or contemplated against us, that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In addition to the following risk factor, refer to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Risks Related to Regulatory Matters
Mortgage loan servicing is an increasingly regulated business.
The mortgage loan servicing activities of our LNR segment are subject to a still evolving set of regulations, including regulations being promulgated under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. In addition, various governmental authorities have recently increased their investigative focus on the activities of mortgage loan servicers. As a result, we may have to spend additional resources and devote additional management time to address any regulatory concerns, which may reduce the resources available to grow our business. In addition, if we fail to operate the servicing activities of our LNR segment in compliance with existing and future regulations, our business, reputation, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
STARWOOD PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
Date: August 6, 2014
By:
/s/ BARRY S. STERNLICHT
Barry S. Sternlicht Chief Executive Officer Principal Executive Officer
/s/ RINA PANIRY
Rina Paniry Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer
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Item 6. Exhibits.
(a) Index to Exhibits
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No.
Description
10.1
Credit Agreement, dated December 3, 2010, among SPT Real Estate Sub II, LLC, Starwood Property Trust, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of Starwood Property Trust, Inc., as guarantors, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent
31.1
Certification pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2
32.1
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document