UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM10-Q
☒Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2026
Commission File Number: 001-27072
AIM IMMUNOTECH INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
2117 SW Highway 484, Ocala FL 34473
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(352)448-7797
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
☒Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
30,442,139shares of common stock were outstanding as of August 7, 2026.
PART I- FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1: Financial Statements
AIM IMMUNOTECH INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except for share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited June 30, 2026 and Audited December 31, 2025)
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 (in thousands except share data) (Unaudited)
Total
Stockholders’ Equity
(Deficit)
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025
(in thousands)
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1: Business and Basis of Presentation
AIM ImmunoTech Inc. and its subsidiaries are an immuno-pharma company headquartered in Ocala, Florida, with a strong foundation of laboratory, pre-clinical and clinical data with respect to the development of nucleic acids and natural interferon to enhance the natural antiviral defense system of the human body. AIM’s products are Ampligen (rintatolimod) and Alferon N Injection (Interferon alfa). Ampligen is a double-stranded RNA (“dsRNA”) molecule being developed for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer, in addition to other globally important cancers, viral diseases and disorders of the immune system. Ampligen has not been approved by the FDA or marketed in the United States, but it is approved for commercial sale in the Argentine Republic for the treatment of severe Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (“CFS”).
The Company’s research and development of Ampligen includes a variety of diseases and health matters:
Ampligen is a wide-spectrum therapeutic that has shown positive safety and efficacy in clinical trials of several different solid tumor types. Based specifically on clinical success as to safety and efficacy in our pancreatic cancer Early Access Program and an ongoing Phase 2 trial, AIM has made the business decision to focus its efforts on the development of Ampligen for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer, as we believe that this path will potentially lead to the most lucrative outcome. Pancreatic cancer is expected to kill an estimated 100,000 people in the American and European Union markets — and more than 450,000 people worldwide in 2026. When AIM looks at the global health problem of pancreatic cancer, we see a large market for an unmet medical need and with relatively little clinical competition. We believe we are well positioned to serve this market with our intellectual property program which includes broad-combination therapy patents in the United States, Japan and Europe, as well as market exclusivity provided by orphan drug designations in the United States and the European Union.
Oncology is an area of biotech which can generate multibillion-dollar mergers and acquisitions – large-market Phase 3 oncology clinical trials with positive data are a desirable focus for acquisition. AIM strongly believes that such a Phase 3 study will be possible following the ongoing Phase 2 clinical study evaluating Ampligen in combination with AstraZeneca’s anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor Imfinzi (durvalumab) in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer patients with stable disease post-FOLFIRINOX standard of care (the “DURIPANC” study). The DURIPANC study is an investigator-initiated, exploratory, open-label, single-center study expected to enroll up to 25 subjects in the Phase 2 portion. The primary objective of the study is to determine the clinical benefit rate of the combination therapy. The secondary/exploratory objectives include assessing overall survival and progression-free survival; exploring immune-monitoring using available tissue biopsies and peripheral immune profiling; and assessing quality of life. According to the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, the promising progression-free survival and overall survival seen in Phase 1 of the study – which we believe supported advancement to the ongoing Phase 2 portion of the study – continue to be seen. As of June 30, 2026, all subjects have been enrolled in the study and have received the first dose of study medication. Erasmus MC expects that detailed data will be published later this year. According to Erasmus MC, there has also been no significant toxicity – an encouraging safety profile for a post-chemo setting – and Ampligen subjects are consistently reporting “high quality of life” during treatment.
In March 2026, the Company announced an agreement with the PPD clinical research business of Thermo Fisher Scientific to design AIM’s anticipated Phase 3 clinical trial in the use of Ampligen in the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. is a global leader in scientific progress.
In management’s opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of its consolidated financial statements have been included. Such adjustments consist of normal recurring items. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.
The interim consolidated financial statements and notes thereto are presented as permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and do not contain certain information which will be included in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
The consolidated financial statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed on March 27, 2026.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure (“GAAP”) of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and those differences may be material. Accounts requiring the use of significant estimates include determination of other-than-temporary impairment on securities, valuation of deferred taxes, patent and trademark valuations, equity-based compensation calculations, fair value of warrants, and contingency accruals.
Liquidity and Going Concern
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue in operation one year after the date these financial statements are issued and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (the “FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 205-40, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date these financial statements are issued. This evaluation does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented or are not within control of the Company as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern exists, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates the substantial doubt. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued.
The Company’s principal source of liquidity is its cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and proceeds from financing activities to provide the necessary funding to meet our obligations as they become due. The Company has incurred losses from operations and operating cash outflows exceeded cash inflows from operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026. These conditions raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements. Management evaluated the conditions, and the significance of these conditions related to the Company’s ability to meet its obligations. If the Company is unable to implement sufficient mitigation efforts, the Company may be forced to limit its business activities or be unable to continue as a going concern, which would have a material adverse effect on its results of operations and financial condition.
On December 11, 2024, the Company received an official notice of noncompliance with the NYSE American’s continued listing requirements. This included the need for the Company to have stockholders’ equity of $6 million or more. The NYSE American’s review showed that the Company was not in compliance with that requirement. As required, the Company submitted a plan (the “Plan”) to the NYSE American illustrating how it planned to regain compliance by June 11, 2026. The NYSE American accepted the Plan on February 26, 2025, and the Company has submitted quarterly updates to the NYSE American since that time. If the Company was not able to raise sufficient capital as set forth in the Plan or by other means, it may have been unable to regain compliance with the NYSE American’s listing standards, and its securities could have been subject to delisting. In addition, in the event that the price of the common stock drops to $0.10per share, trading in the common stock would automatically be suspended and the common stock would be subject to delisting. The price dropped below $0.10 and on April 4, 2025, the Company received a delisting letter from the NYSE American and trading in its common stock on the NYSE American was suspended.
On April 30, 2025, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders and authorized the Company’s Board of Directors to effect a reverse split at its discretion on a basis of up to one for 100 outstanding shares of Common Stock. On May 29, 2025, the Board authorized the reverse split and on June 10, 2025, the Company filed an amendment to its Articles of Incorporation effecting a reverse split of its outstanding shares of Common Stock on a one for 100 basis (the “Reverse Split”). Stockholders were given cash in lieu of any fractional shares on a post-split basis.
On June 11, 2025, the Company was notified by the NYSE American that the Company had regained compliance with Section 1003(f)(v) of the NYSE American’s Company Guide (low selling price) and that trading in the Company’s Common Stock was reinstated on the NYSE American on June 17, 2025.
During the third quarter of 2025, an agreement was reached with a vendor surrounding legal fees. The agreement provided that $3 million of previously billed fees would be forgiven in exchange for payments totaling $1.9 million. The reduction was included as “other income” and accounts payable was reduced.
On January 20, 2026, the Company distributed a stock dividend of one share of our common stock for every 1,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of January 9, 2026, as well as one share of common stock for every 1,000 outstanding options or 1,000 warrants that has a right to receive stock dividends. The distribution was effected on January 20, 2026. This resulted in a reset of the terms of our Class E and Class F Warrants. Per the reset, the exercise price of these warrants dropped to $1.439, additional warrants were issued and a provision in these warrants that resulted in the classification of these warrants as a liability rather than equity was nullified. This resulted in a $8.7 million increase in stockholders’ equity.
On May 7, 2026, the Company entered into a warrant exercise inducement offer letter agreement with certain holders of existing warrants, pursuant to which the holders agreed to exercise their warrants in cash at a reduced exercise price for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3.5 million in consideration of the Company’s agreement to issue new warrants upon such exercise.
On May 21, 2026, the Company issued and sold 7,519,351 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and, in a concurrent private placement, Class I warrants to purchase up to 15,038,702 shares of common stock to certain investors for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.4 million.
On June 10, 2026, the Company issued and sold 2,554,119 shares of common stock and, in a concurrent private placement, 771,503 shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 1,782,616 shares of common stock, and Class J warrants to purchase up to 10,216,476shares of common stock to certain investors for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.6 million. Following the closing of these transactions, the Company satisfied the NYSE $6.0 stockholders equity requirement.
The NYSE American formally notified the Company on June 12, 2026, confirming that the Company had successfully addressed and resolved all deficiencies related to Sections 1003(a)(i), (ii), and (iii) of the NYSE American Company Guide. As a result, the “below compliance” (“.BC”) indicator was removed from the Company’s trading symbol for its common stock, and the Company was removed from NYSE American’s list of noncompliant issuers on its website. The Company will remain subject to NYSE American’s continued listing monitoring procedures and remains committed to maintaining strong financial discipline and governance going forward.
Note 2: Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations. ASU 2024-03 “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” is applicable to AIM beginning for the quarter ending March 31, 2027 and will require additional disclosures for certain income statement line items. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this update. Accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB since filing the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.
Note 3: Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash includes bank deposits maintained at several financial institutions. The Company considers highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2026 and at other various times throughout the six months ended June 30, 2026, some accounts held at financial institutions were in excess of the federally insured limit of $250 thousand. The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and believes credit risk to be minimal.
Note 4: Marketable Securities
Marketable securities consist of mutual funds. At June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, it was determined that none of the marketable securities had an other-than-temporary impairment. At June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, all securities were measured as Level 1 instruments of the fair value measurements standard (See Note 16: Fair Value). At June 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025 the Company held $64 thousand and $62 thousand, respectively, in mutual funds.
Mutual Funds classified as available for sale consisted of $64 thousand at June 30, 2026. There was no realized gain or loss recognized for the six-month period ended June 30, 2026 on equity securities. There was no unrealized loss recognized for the six-month period ended June 30, 2026 on equity securities still held.
Mutual Funds classified as available for sale consisted of $359 thousand at June 30, 2025. The net loss recognized for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025 on equity securities was ($68) thousand. The unrealized gains recognized for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025 on equity securities still held was $85 thousand. The net gain recognized for the six-month period ended June 30, 2025 on equity securities was $18 thousand.
Note 5: Property and Equipment, Net
Schedule of Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, ranging from three3 toten years. Depreciation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 was $17 thousand and $19 thousand, respectively.
Note 6: Patents and Trademark Rights, Net
Patent and trademark rights consist of the following (in thousands):
Schedule of Patent and Trademark Rights
Patent and trademark rights acquisitions, abandonments and amortization (in thousands):
Schedule of Changes in Patents, Trademark Rights
Patents and trademarks are stated at cost (primarily legal fees) and are amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 17 years for patents and 10 years for trademarks. The weighted remaining average amortization period is 12 years for patents and 3years for trademarks, respectively. The Company expenses annuity costs related to its trademarks and patents.
Amortization of patents and trademarks for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:
Schedule of Amortization of Patents and Trademarks
Note 7: Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consist of the following: (in thousands)
Schedule of Accrued Expenses
Note 8: Unsecured Promissory Note
During the years ended 2025 and 2024 the Company entered into three separate agreements with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). The terms of the agreements are described below:
Note 1 –
On February 16, 2024, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreement, Streeterville paid the Company $2.5 million in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $781 thousand. Under the original terms of the agreement, the Company agreed to pay $3.3 million consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $20 thousand of lender transaction fees, no later than February 16, 2026. The stated interest rate of the note is 10%.
The agreement allows the Lender to redeem up to $250 thousand per calendar month beginning in August 2024, upon providing written notice to Borrower. The Note further contains triggering events which can be remedied by the Lender requiring the Borrower to correct the triggering event, increasing the outstanding balance by applying the triggering effect, or making the Note immediately due and payable.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2026, the Company entered into an agreement with the Lender to settle a portion of its outstanding loan obligation in the amount of $400 thousand through the issuance of 364,084 shares of common stock rather than cash payment. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company entered into agreements with the Lender to settle a portion of its outstanding loan obligation in the amount of $700 thousand through the issuance of 170,353 shares of common stock, rather than cash payment. These exchanges were completed pursuant to the terms of the loan agreement, which allows for the settlement of debt through stock issuance under certain conditions.
An amendment to the Promissory Note was executed with the lender on March 10, 2026. Pursuant to the amendment the maturity date of the Note was extended until June 30, 2026. Other than the maturity date extension, there were no other changes to the agreement.
On May 18, 2026, the Company and the Lender entered into Amendment #2, which amended the Note and further extended the maturity date of the Note until June 30, 2027. Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company agreed to pay the Lender an extension fee in the amount of $10 thousand. The Extension Fee was added to the outstanding balance of the Note. The Amendment also contains customary representations and warranties of the Company, as well as a representation and warranty of the Company that, as of the date of the Amendment, the outstanding balance of the Note, following the application of the Extension Fee, was approximately $1.7 million.
Note 2 –
On June 30, 2025, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note and Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreements, Streeterville paid the Company $250 thousand in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $50 thousand. The Note required the Company to pay $310 thousand consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $10 thousand of lender transaction fees, no later than October 28, 2025. On August 12, 2025, the Company repaid the note in full.
Note 3 –
On November 18, 2025, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreement, Streeterville paid the Company $2.5 million in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $781 thousand. The Company agreed to pay $3.3 million consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $20 thousand of lender transaction fees, no later than November 18, 2027. The stated interest rate of the note is 10%.
The agreement allows the Lender to redeem up to $250 thousand per calendar month beginning in May 2026, upon providing written notice to Borrower. The Note further contains triggering events which can be remedied by the Lender requiring the Borrower to correct the triggering event, increasing the outstanding balance by applying the triggering effect, or making the Note immediately due and payable.
Maturities and charges associated with these notes are summarized below:
Debt schedule at June 30, 2026 (in thousands):
Schedule of Long Term Debt
Future maturities for long-term debt as of June 30, 2026, were as follows (in thousands):
Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt
Debt schedule at December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
Future maturities for long-term debt as of December 31, 2025 were as follows (in thousands):
Interest and other charges related to the Streeterville notes were as follows (in thousands):
Schedule of Interest and Other Charges
Note 9: Leases
The Company leases office and lab facilities and other equipment under non-cancellable operating leases with initial terms typically ranging from 1 to 5 years, expiring at various dates during 2026 through 2027, and requiring monthly payments ranging from less than $1 thousand to $22 thousand. Certain leases include additional renewal options ranging from 1 to 5 years. AIM has classified all of its leases as operating leases.
At June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the balance of the right of use assets was $260 thousand and $378 thousand, respectively, and the corresponding operating lease liability balance was $300 thousand and $420 thousand, respectively. Right of use assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $678 thousand and $560 thousand as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
AIM recognized rent expense associated with these leases are follows:
Schedule of AIM Recognized Rent Expense Associated with Operating Lease
The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms between 6 and 17 months. As of June 30, 2026, the weighted-average remaining term was14 months. At December 31, 2025, the weighted-average remaining term was 20 months. The Company’s weighted average incremental borrowing rate for its leases was 10% at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
Future minimum payments as of June 30, 2026, are as follows:
Schedule of Operating Lease Future Payments
Note 10: Research, Consulting and Supply Agreements
The Company has entered into research, consulting and supply agreements with third party service providers to perform research and development activities on therapeutics, including clinical trials. The identification of research and development costs involves reviewing open contracts and purchase orders, communicating with applicable company and third-party personnel to identify services that have been performed, and corroborating the level of service performed and the associated cost incurred for the service when the Company has not yet been invoiced or otherwise notified of actual expenses. The Company expenses these research and development costs when incurred.
The Company’s research and development expenses were comprised of the following:
Schedule of Research and Development Expenses
The following summarizes the most substantial of our contracts relating to research, consulting, and supply costs for AIM as they related to research and development costs for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2026.
Amarex Clinical Research LLC
Amarex is the principal administrator of several of AIM’s largest clinical studies. AIM has multiple contracts with Amarex Clinical Research LLC (“Amarex”). During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company incurred $118 thousand and $200 thousand, respectively, related to these ongoing agreements:
Costs incurred pursuant to the Amarex agreements were as follows (thousands):
Sterling Pharma Solutions
In 2022, the Company entered into a Master Service Agreement and a Quality Agreement with Sterling Pharma Solutions (“Sterling”) for the manufacture of the Company’s Poly I and Poly C12U polynucleotides and transfer of associated test methods at Sterling’s Dudley, UK location to produce the polymer precursors to manufacture the drug Ampligen.
Subsequently, on July 31, 2026, the Company entered into a proposal (the “Sterling Proposal Agreement”) with Sterling Pharma Solutions (“Sterling”) that is related to the Master Service Agreement and a Quality Agreement entered into between the Company and Sterling in 2022. Pursuant to the Sterling Proposal Agreement, Sterling agreed to manufacture further batches of the polynucleotide drug substances PolyI and Poly C12U and transfer of associated test methods at Sterling’s Dudley, UK location to produce the polymer precursors to manufacture the drug Ampligen. The estimated cost to the Company under the Sterling Proposal Agreement is approximately $1.5 million to be paid over a period of 12 months, as set forth in more detail in the Sterling Proposal Agreement. The Company anticipates using the manufactured product for ongoing and future clinical trials, including potentially a Phase 3 clinical trial for metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Costs incurred pursuant to the Sterling Pharma agreements were as follows (thousands):
Azenova Sales International
In October 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Azenova, LLC where Azenova will provide business development services for AIM’s Ampligen product for solid tumors for a 12-month term that is extendable upon the agreement of the parties. In exchange for its services, Azenova received a monthly retainer of $30,000 in addition to 3,600 stock options that vest monthly. The monthly retainer was reduced to $10,000 in August 2024 and subsequently amended to payments based on hourly billing only. The agreement will end on April 30, 2028, but may be extended upon written agreement of the parties.
Costs incurred pursuant to the Azenova agreements were as follows (thousands):
Alcami
In September 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with Alcami Corporation to perform an extractables study for a primary packaging component. The agreement called for fixed costs of $30 thousand upon completion of the study and issue of the final report, along with solvent costs, and pass through items to be billed on a per activity basis. The study is now finalized.
Costs incurred pursuant to the Alcami agreements were as follows (thousands):
Note 11: 401(k) Plan
AIM has a defined contribution plan-the AIM ImmunoTech Employees 401(k) Plan and Trust Agreement (the “401(k) Plan”). AIM’s full-time employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan following 61 days of employment. Subject to certain limitations imposed by federal tax laws, participants are eligible to contribute up to 15% of their salary (including bonuses and/or commissions) per annum. Participants’ contributions to the 401(k) Plan may be matched by us at a rate determined annually by the Board of Directors.
Each participant immediately vests in his or her deferred salary contributions as well as the Company’s safe harbor contributions. A 6% safe harbor matching contribution by us was reinstated effective January 1, 2021. For the three months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025 the Company made $25 thousand and $19 thousand in contributions, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, the Company made $47thousand and $57 thousand in contributions, respectively.
Note 12: Equity-Based Compensation
The 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, effective September 12, 2018, as amended and restated on August 19, 2019 (the “2018 Equity Incentive Plan”) authorizes the grant of (i) Incentive Stock Options, (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights, (iv) Restricted Stock Awards, (v) Restricted Stock Unit Awards, (vi) Performance Stock Awards, (vii) Performance Cash Awards, and (viii) Other Stock Awards. After the 100:1 reverse stock split which was effective on June 12, 2025, a maximum of 8,980 shares of common stock were reserved for potential issuance pursuant to awards under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan is subject to an annual increase on July 1 of each calendar year, by an amount equal to two percent (2%) of the then outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (the “2018 Plan Evergreen Provision”). On July 1, 2025, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan increased by an additional 15,283 shares. As a result of the 2018 Plan Evergreen Provisions, a maximum of 24,263 shares of common stock is reserved for potential issuance pursuant to awards under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan as of June 30, 2026. Subsequently, on July 1, 2026, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the 2018 Plan increased by 580,661 shares. Unless sooner terminated, the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan will continue in effect for a period of 10 years from its effective date. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025, there were no options granted.
As part of the Company’s cash conservation strategy, the Company issued common stock as a substitute for cash salaries to certain executives and directors. For the year ended December 31, 2025, there were 4,242 shares issued as compensation totaling $60 thousand. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, there were no shares issued related to the cash conservation program. This compensation is included in the overall equity-based compensation expense.
The fair value of each option and equity warrant award is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing valuation model. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the price of the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life of the option and equity warrant. The Company uses historical data to estimate expected dividend yield, expected life and forfeiture rates.
Stock options activity during the three months ended June 30, 2026, was as follows:
Stock option activity for employees:
Schedule of Stock Option Activity
Stock option activity for non-employees:
Stock options activity during the six months ended June 30, 2026, was as follows:
There was no unvested stock option activity for employees and non-employees.
Stock-based compensation expense was $0 and $60 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and is recognized in a decrease in general and administrative expenses.
Note 13: Stock Warrants
On May 31, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to complete an offering (the “Transactions”) with a single accredited investor (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which, on June 3, 2024, the Company issued to the Purchaser, (i) in a registered direct offering, 56,410 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”) and (ii) in a concurrent private placement, the Company issued to the Purchaser Class A common warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 56,410 shares of its common stock (the “A Warrants”) at an exercise price of $36.30 per share and Class B common warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 56,410 shares of its common stock (the “B Warrants” and, along with the A Warrants, the “Common Warrants”) at an exercise price of $36.30 per share.
On September 30, 2024, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with the Purchaser in the May 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement as Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company issued to the Purchaser, (i) in a registered direct offering, 46,530 shares of its common stock (“Shares”) and (ii) in the concurrent Private Placement, Class C and Class D Warrants, each to purchase an aggregate of up to 46,530 Shares (the “Common Warrant Shares”) each with an exercise price of $28.00. The Class C and Class D Warrants together, hereinafter the “Common Warrants”. The purchase price for Shares in the registered direct offering was $28.00 per Share.
On July 30, 2025, the Company announced closing a public offering of an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), Class E warrants to purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock, and Class F warrants to purchase up to2,000,000 shares of common stock, at a combined public offering price of $4.00 per share (or $3.999 per pre-funded warrant) and accompanying warrants. The warrants had an exercise price of $4.00 per share and were exercisable immediately upon issuance. The Class E warrants will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date, and the Class F warrants will expire on the eighteen-month anniversary of the original issuance date. Gross proceeds, before deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses, were $8 million. Maxim Group LLC acted as sole placement agent in connection with this offering.
Based on a review of the Class E and F Warrants, it was determined that the warrants met the liability criteria which resulted in Class E & F warrants to be treated as liability under ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging. Accordingly, a loss was recognized and the resulting computed value was classified as a liability on the Company’s balance sheet at December 31, 2025.
On December 30, 2025, the Company declared a stock dividend of one share of common stock for every 1,000 shares of outstanding common stock as well as one share of common stock for every outstanding option or warrant that has a right to receive stock dividends (“Alternate Securities”). On January 13, 2026, the Company distributed a dividend of one share of its common stock for every 1,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of January 9, 2026, as well as one share of common stock for every outstanding option or warrant that has a right to receive stock dividends (the “Dividend”). The issuance of the Dividend was a Share Combination Event under Section 3(g) of the Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants. As a result, the number of outstanding warrants of Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants both increased to 5,561,125 and the exercise price was reduced to $1.439 per share of common stock. Due to the Share Combination Event trigger of the Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants, the warrants were reevaluated, resulting in the reclassification of the warrants from liability to equity. The Company recognized a loss on the fair market valuation of the warrants of $468 thousand in the statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026, and reclassified the Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants from liability to equity in the amount of $8.7 million reflected in the Balance Sheet at June 30, 2026.
On March 6, 2026, the Company completed a rights offering (the “2026 Rights Offering”) to our stockholders and to holders of certain of our outstanding options and warrants that had the right to participate in the 2026 Rights Offering as of February 10, 2026, the record date. In the Rights Offering the Company issued non-transferable subscription rights to purchase 1,842 Units. Each Unit consists of one share of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (the “G Preferred”) and 2,000 warrants to purchase common stock (the “G Warrants”). Each share of G Preferred is convertible, at the option of the holder at any time, into a number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient of the stated value of the Preferred Stock ($1 thousand) divided by $1.00, the conversion price. Each G Warrant is exercisable for one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share from March 6, 2026, the date of issuance, through its expiration five years from the date of issuance. The 2026 Rights Offering raised $1.8 million in gross proceeds.
On May 7, 2026, the Company entered into a warrant exercise inducement offer letter agreement with holders of (i) Class A and Class B common stock purchase warrants issued on May 31, 2024 (the “Existing May 2024 Warrants”), exercisable for up to an aggregate of112,820 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) Class C and Class D Common Stock purchase warrants issued on September 30, 2024 (the “Existing September 2024 Warrants”) exercisable for up to an aggregate of 93,060 shares of Common Stock, and (iii) Class E and Class F Common Stock purchase warrants issued on July 31, 2025 (the “Existing July 2025 Warrants” and together with the Existing May 2024 Warrants and the Existing September 2024 Warrants, the “Existing Warrants”) exercisable for up to an aggregate of 8,514,048 shares of Common Stock. The Existing May 2024 Warrants had an exercise price of $36.30 per share, the Existing September 2024 Warrants had an exercise price of $28.00, and the Existing July 2025 Warrants had an exercise price of $1.439.
Pursuant to the Inducement Letter, the Holders agreed to exercise the Existing Warrants for cash at a reduced exercise price of $0.48 per share in consideration of the Company’s agreement to issue the Holders new warrants to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 200% of the number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to such Holder’s exercise of Existing Warrants, comprised of new Class H warrants to purchase up to 17,439,856 shares of Common Stock (the “Inducement Warrants” and the shares of Common Stock underlying the Inducement Warrants, the “Inducement Warrant Shares”) with an exercise term of 5 years from the initial exercise date. The initial exercise date of the Inducement Warrants is the Stockholder Approval Date, and the exercise price thereof is $0.60 per share.
On May 8, 2026, the Company completed the Inducement Transaction and received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3.6 million and issued the Inducement Warrants.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. acted as placement agent in connection with the Inducement Transaction and received a cash fee of approximately $286thousand, equal to 8.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds, $50thousand for expenses incurred in connection with the offering, and approximately $27thousand, representing a management fee equal to 0.75% of the aggregate gross proceeds. The Company also issued to the Placement Agent warrants to purchase up to 6.0% of the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Existing Warrants pursuant to the Inducement Letter. The Placement Agent Warrants have substantially the same terms as the Inducement Warrants, except that the Placement Agent Warrants will be exercisable until the five-year anniversary of the date of issuance, will have an exercise price equal to 125% of the Reduced Exercise Price, and will include piggyback registration rights that are triggered if there is not an effective registration statement covering all of the Placement Agent Warrant Shares while the Placement Agent Warrants are outstanding.
On June 10, 2026, the Company issued and sold 2,554,119 shares of common stock and, in a concurrent private placement, 771,503 shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 1,782,616 shares of common stock, and Class J warrants to purchase up to 10,216,476shares of common stock to certain investors for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.6 million.
Stock warrants are issued as needed by the Board of Directors and have no formal plan.
The fair value of each warrant award is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton pricing option valuation model. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the price of the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life of the warrant. The Company uses historical data to estimate expected dividend yield, life and forfeiture rates. The expected life of the warrants was estimated based on historical option holder’s behavior and represents the period of time that options are expected to be outstanding.
For further information, please refer to Note 14.
Note 14: Stockholders’ Equity
(a) Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value preferred stock with such designations, rights and preferences as may be determined by the Board. Of our authorized preferred stock, 4,000,000 shares have been designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock and 10,000 shares have been designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock
On May 10, 2023, the Company filed a Certificate of Increase in Delaware, increasing the number of preferred stock designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock to 4,000,000 from 250,000 shares. At June 30, 2026, there were no Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock outstanding.
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock
The Company has designated 10,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Stock”). Each share of Preferred Stock has a par value of $0.01 per share and a stated value equal to $1 thousand (the “Stated Value”). The shares of Preferred Stock shall initially be issued and maintained in the form of securities held in book-entry form and the Depository Trust Company or its nominee (“DTC”) shall initially be the sole registered holder of the shares of Preferred Stock. At June 30, 2026, there were no Series B Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding.
Series G Convertible Preferred Stock
March 4, 2026, the Company filed a Certificate of Designation of Preference, Rights and Limitations of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Certificate of Designation”) with the Delaware Secretary of State creating a new series of its authorized preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, designated as the “Series G Convertible Preferred Stock” (the “Series G Preferred Stock”). The number of shares initially constituting the Series G Preferred Stock was set at 12,000 shares.
Each share of Series G Preferred Stock will be convertible, at the option of the holder at any time, into the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”) determined by dividing the $1 thousand stated value per share of the Series G Preferred Stock by a conversion price initially equal to $1.00. In addition, the conversion price per share is subject to adjustment for stock dividends, distributions, subdivisions, combinations or reclassifications. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of the Series G Preferred Stock will not have the right to convert any portion of the Series G Preferred Stock to the extent that, after giving effect to the conversion, the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to its conversion. A holder of the Series G Preferred Stock, upon notice to the Company, may increase or decrease the beneficial ownership limitation provisions of such holder’s Series G Preferred Stock, provided that in no event shall the limitation exceed 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to its conversion.
In the event the Company effects certain mergers, consolidations, sales of substantially all of its assets, tender or exchange offers, reclassifications or share exchanges in which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, the Company consummates a business combination in which another person acquires 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, then, upon any subsequent conversion of the Series G Preferred Stock, the holders of the Series G Preferred Stock will have the right to receive any shares of the acquiring corporation or other consideration it would have been entitled to receive if it had been a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock then issuable upon conversion in full of the Series G Preferred Stock.
Holders of Series G Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive dividends (on an as-if-converted-to-common stock basis) in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of the common stock when, as and if such dividends are paid on shares of Common Stock. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Designation or as otherwise required by law, the Series G Preferred Stock has no voting rights. Upon the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, whether voluntary or involuntary, holders of Series G Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive out of the assets, whether capital or surplus, of the Company the same amount that a holder of Common Stock would receive if the Series G Preferred Stock were fully converted (disregarding for such purpose any conversion limitations under the Certificate of Designation) to Common Stock, which amounts shall be paid pari passu with all holders of Common Stock. The Company is not obligated to redeem or repurchase any shares of Series G Preferred Stock. Shares of Series G Preferred Stock are not otherwise entitled to any redemption rights, or mandatory sinking fund or analogous provisions.
On March 6, 2026, the Company completed its previously announced rights offering (the “Rights Offering”) pursuant to its effective registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (Registration No. 333-292085), previously filed with and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), a prospectus and a prospectus supplement filed with the SEC. Pursuant to the Rights Offering, the Company sold an aggregate of 1,842 units consisting of an aggregate of 1,842 shares of Series G Preferred Stock, with each share of Series G Preferred Stock initially convertible into shares of Common Stock at a conversion price of $1.00 per share, 3,684,000Class G Warrants, with each warrant exercisable for one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share and expiring five years from the date of issuance, resulting in gross proceeds to the Company of $1.8 million.
At June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had 529 and 0 shares of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding, respectively. Subsequently, on July 1, 2026, 8 shares of the Company’s Series G Preferred stock were converted to 8,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result of this conversion, the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock increased by 8,000 shares and 521Series G Preferred stock remains issued and outstanding. The conversions did not result in any cash proceeds to the Company.
(b) Common Stock and Equity Finances
The Company has authorized shares of 350,000,000 with specific limitations and restrictions on the usage of 8,000,000 of the 350,000,000authorized shares. As of June 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025, there were 28,990,073 and 3,069,875 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Not equity compensation)
On July 7, 2020, the Board approved a plan pursuant to which all directors, officers, and employees could purchase from the Company up to an aggregate of $500 thousand worth of shares at the market price (including subsequent plans, the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). Pursuant to NYSE American’s rules, this plan was effective for a sixty-day period commencing upon the date that the NYSE American approved the Company’s Supplemental Listing Application (“SLAP”). The Company created successive new plans following the expiration of the July 7, 2020 plan. Recently, the procedure for purchases under the plan changed. Under the amended rules officers and employees must file a SLAP and the NYSE American must accept the SLAP prior to the purchase of Company stock.
Equity Distribution Agreement
On April 19, 2023, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the “EDA”), with Maxim, pursuant to which it may sell from time to time, shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $8.5million through Maxim, as agent. The amount was subsequently reduced from $8.5million to $3.1million. Sales under the EDA were registered under the S-3 Shelf Registration Statement. Under the terms of the EDA, Maxim is entitled to a transaction fee at a fixed rate of 3.0% of the gross sales price of shares sold under the EDA.
On April 1, 2025, the Company entered into a new EDA, with Maxim (the “Sales Agreement”) pursuant to which it may issue and sell up to an aggregate of $3million of the Company’s common stock from time to time through Maxim acting as agent. Under the terms of the Sales Agreement in no event will the Company, inter alia, issue or sell through the sales agreement such number or dollar amount of shares of common stock that would exceed the number or dollar amount of shares of common stock permitted to be sold under Form S-3 (including General Instruction I.B.6 thereof, if applicable). For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company sold 155,874shares under the new EDA for total gross proceeds of $225thousand, which includes a 3.0% fee to Maxim of $7thousand.
On April 10, 2026, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to that certain Equity Distribution Agreement dated April 1, 2025 with Maxim Group LLC to act as the Company’s exclusive sales agent with respect to the issuance and sale of up to $3,000,000of the Company’s shares of common stock, par value $0.001per share, from time to time, in an at-the-market public offering. The Amendment removes the limitation of the amount of Shares to be sold under the Sales Agreement. For the three months ended June 30, 2026, the Company sold 1,019,570 shares under the EDA for total gross proceeds of approximately $558 thousand, which includes a 3.0% fee to Maxim of approximately $17 thousand related to this agreement. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company sold3,044,862 shares under the EDA for total gross proceeds of approximately $2.6 million, which includes a 3.0% fee to Maxim of approximately $78 thousand related to this agreement.
Subsequently, on July 31, 2026, the Company provided notice to the Sales Agent for the mutual termination of the Agreement, effective August 15, 2026. The Company will not incur any termination penalties as a result of the termination of the Agreement.
Following such termination, the Company may not offer or sell any additional shares of its common stock under the Agreement or the related prospectus and prospectus supplement. From April 1, 2025 to July 31, 2026, the Company sold 3,200,736 shares of common stock for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.8 million pursuant to the Agreement. The Company does not intend to issue or sell any additional shares of common stock under the Agreement prior to its termination.
Equity Purchase Agreement
On March 28, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement and a registration rights agreement with Atlas Sciences, LLC (“Atlas”), pursuant to which Atlas committed to purchase up to $15 million of common stock of the Company for a period of 24 months from the date of the purchase agreement. No assurance can be given as to the actual amount that will be raised pursuant to the purchase agreement.
Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company, at its sole discretion, shall have the right to issue Put shares to the Investor at95% of the Market Price of the shares on the day of trade. Sales under the purchase agreement are limited to a daily maximum of the lessor of: $500 thousand, the Median Daily Trading volume, and a beneficial ownership limitation of 4.99% and a maximum of 19.99% of the outstanding shares at the time of the purchase agreement. In April 2024, the Company filed a registration statement with the SEC on Form S-1 registering a total of 99,750 shares for resale pursuant to the Atlas Agreements, consisting of 96,364 shares that can be sold by the Company to Atlas and 3,386 shares that were issued to Atlas as Commitment Shares. The registration statement was declared effective on May 1, 2024. At December 31, 2024, a total of 7,596 shares were issued pursuant to the purchase agreement for a total of $128 thousand after clearing costs. At December 31, 2025, a total of 30,829 shares were issued pursuant to the purchase agreement for a total of $398 thousand after clearing costs. There were no shares issued subsequent to December 31, 2025. As of February 2026, the purchase agreement is no longer active.
May 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement
On May 31, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to complete an offering (the “Transactions”) with a single accredited investor (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which, on June 3, 2024, the Company issued to the Purchaser, (i) in a registered direct offering, 56,410 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”) and (ii) in a concurrent private placement, the Company issued to the Purchaser Class A common warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 56,410 shares of its common stock (the “A Warrants”) at an exercise price of $36.30 per share and Class B common warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 56,410 shares of its common stock (the “B Warrants” and, along with the A Warrants, the “Common Warrants”) at an exercise price of $36.30 per share. The A Warrants and B Warrants are not exercisable for six months after the issuance date and expire, respectively, five years and six months and twenty-four months after the issuance date. The Common Warrants and the shares of common stock are issuable upon the exercise of such warrants are offered pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act provided in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated thereunder.
The Shares were offered by the Company pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-262280), which was declared effective on February 4, 2022.
Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, subject to certain exceptions, the Company could not issue any equity securities for 60 days following the issuance date, provided that the Company was able to utilize its at-the-market offering program with Maxim Group LLC (the “Placement Agent”) after 30 days. Additionally, the Company cannot enter into a variable rate transaction (other than the ATM program with the Placement Agent) for 120 days after the issuance date. In addition, the Company’s executive officers and each of the Company’s directors have entered into lock-up agreements with the Company pursuant to which each of them has agreed not to, for a period of 90 days from the closing of the Transactions, offer, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Company’s securities, subject to certain exceptions.
The exercise price of the Common Warrants, and the number of Common Warrant Shares, are subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividend or split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction, as described in the Common Warrants. If a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Common Warrants) occurs, then the successor entity will succeed to, and be substituted for the Company, and may exercise every right and power that the Company may exercise and will assume all of its obligations under the Common Warrants with the same effect as if such successor entity had been named in the warrant itself. Common Warrant Holders will have additional rights defined in the Common Warrants. The Common Warrants are exercisable on a “cashless” basis only if there is not a current registration statement permitting public resale. In this regard, the Company filed a registration statement to register the resale of the Common Warrant Shares providing for the resale of the Shares issued and issuable upon exercise of the Common Warrants. That registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on July 11, 2024. The Company has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to keep such registration statement effective at all times until no Purchaser owns any Warrants or Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise thereof.
Maxim Group LLC acted as the placement agent on a “commercially reasonable best efforts” basis, in connection with the Transactions pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, dated May 31, 2024 (the “Placement Agency Agreement”), by and between the Company and the Placement Agent. Pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, the Placement Agent was paid a cash fee of 8% of the aggregate gross proceeds paid to the Company for the securities sold in the Transactions and reimbursement of certain out-of-pocket expenses.
The Company evaluated the Common Warrants under the guidance of ASC 480 – Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and determined that they were in scope under the guidance as freestanding financial instruments but did not meet the criteria for liability classification and are classified as equity within the consolidated financial statements. Proceeds allocated to such warrants totaled $2.5million. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, 56,410 Class A Warrants and 56,410 Class B Warrants were exercised at $0.48 per share (See May 2026 Class H Inducement Transaction). There were no Class A or Class B Warrants outstanding at June 30, 2026, related to this agreement.
September 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement
The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the Transactions of $1.3 million, before deducting fees to the Placement Agent and other estimated offering expenses payable by it. The Shares were offered by the Company pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-262280), which was declared effective on February 4, 2022. The Common Warrants and the Common Warrant Shares issued in the Private Placement were not registered under the Securities Act. Rather the Common Warrants and the Common Warrant Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated thereunder. The Class C Warrants and the Class D Warrants were not exercisable until December 3, 2024, and will expire, respectively, twenty-four months and five years and six months after that date.
The Company evaluated the Common Warrants under the guidance of ASC 480 – Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and determined that they were in scope under the guidance as freestanding financial instruments but did not meet the criteria for liability classification and are classified as equity within the consolidated financial statements. Proceeds allocated to such warrants totaled $2.5million. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, 46,530 Class C Warrants and 46,530 Class D Warrants were exercised at $0.48 per share (See May 2026 Class H Inducement Transaction). There were no Class C or Class D Warrants outstanding at June 30, 2026, related to this agreement.
July 2025 Public Offering
On July 30, 2025, the Company announced closing a public offering of an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), Class E Warrants to purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock, and Class F Warrants to purchase up to2,000,000 shares of common stock, at a combined public offering price of $4.00 per share (or $3.999 per pre-funded warrant) and accompanying warrants. The warrants had an exercise price of $4.00 per share and were exercisable immediately upon issuance. The Class E Warrants will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date, and the Class F Warrants will expire on the eighteen-month anniversary of the original issuance date. Gross proceeds, before deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses, were $8 million. Maxim Group LLC acted as sole placement agent in connection with this offering.
Based on a review of the Class E and F Warrants, it was determined that the warrants met the liability criteria which resulted in Class E & F warrants to be treated as liability under ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging. Accordingly, as the warrants might require the Company to issue additional stock under certain circumstances, a loss was recognized and the resulting computed value was classified as a liability on the Company’s balance sheet at December 31, 2025.
On December 30, 2025, the Company declared a stock dividend of one share of common stock for every 1,000 shares of outstanding common stock as well as one share of common stock for every outstanding option or warrant that has a right to receive stock dividends (“Alternate Securities”). On January 13, 2026, the Company distributed a dividend of one share of its common stock for every 1,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of January 9, 2026 as well as one share of common stock for every outstanding option or warrant that has a right to receive stock dividends (the “Dividend”). The issuance of the Dividend was a Share Combination Event under Section 3(g) of the Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants. As a result, the number of outstanding warrants of Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants both have increased to 5,561,125 and the exercise price reduced to $1.439 per share of common stock. Due to the Share Combination Event trigger of the Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants, reevaluation of the classification resulted in the reclassification of the warrants from liability to equity. The Company recognized a loss on change of warrant liabilities of $468 thousand in the statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026, and reclassified the Class E & F Common Stock Purchase Warrants from liability to equity. This reclassification totaling $8.7 million is reflected in the Balance Sheet at June 30, 2026.
For the three months ended June 30, 2026, 3,563,055Class E Warrants and 3,682,985 Class F Warrants were exercised at $0.48 per share (See May 2026 Class H Inducement Transaction). For the six months ended June 30, 2026, 4,045,555 Class E Warrants and 4,483,493 Class F Warrants exercised. At June 30, 2026 there were 1,515,564Class E Warrants and 1,077,625 Class F Warrants outstanding at an exercise price of $1.439 related to this agreement.
March 2026 Rights Offering
On March 6, 2026, the Company completed a rights offering to its stockholders and to holders of certain of its outstanding options and warrants that had the right to participate in the 2026 Rights Offering, as of February 10, 2026, the record date. In the Rights Offering the Company issued non-transferable subscription rights to purchase 1,842 Units. Each Unit consists of one share of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (the “G Preferred”) and 2,000 warrants to purchase common stock (the “G Warrants”). Each share of G Preferred is convertible, at the option of the holder at any time, into a number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient of the stated value of the Preferred Stock ($1 thousand) divided by $1.00, the conversion price. Each G Warrant is exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share from March 6, 2026, the date of issuance, through its expiration five years from the date of issuance. Maxim Group LLC acted as the Company’s dealer-manager. The 2026 Rights Offering raised $1.8 million in gross proceeds.
For the three months ended June 30, 2026,149 shares of the Series G Preferred had been converted for 149,000 shares of common stock and no Class G Warrants were exercised. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, 1,313shares of the Series G Preferred had been converted for 1,313,000shares of common stock, and 310,000Class G Warrants had been exercised. Subsequent to June 30, 2026, 8shares of the G Preferred had been converted to 8,000shares of common stock. At June 30, 2026, 3,374,000Class G Warrants and 529Series G Preferred were outstanding.
May 2026 Class H Inducement Transaction
On May 7-8, 2026, the Company entered into inducement letter agreements with eight existing warrant holders pursuant to which such holders agreed to immediately exercise an aggregate of 7,451,920 previously outstanding Class A through Class F Warrants at an exercise price of $0.48 per share, generating gross proceeds to the Company of approximately $3.6 million. In connection with the inducement, the Company reduced the exercise price of the outstanding Class A through Class F Warrants to $0.48 per share. In consideration for the immediate exercises, the Company issued to such holders an aggregate of 14,903,840 new Class H Common Stock Purchase Warrants with an exercise price of $0.60 per share and a five-year term commencing on the Stockholder Approval Date. In connection with the inducement transaction, the Company also issued 447,116 Placement Agent Warrants to Ladenburg Thalmann & Co., Inc. with an exercise price of $0.60 per share and a five-year term commencing on the issue date, issued pursuant to the Investment Banking Agreement dated April 9, 2026. The Class H Warrants and Class H Placement Agent Warrants are equity-classified. The Class H Warrants are not exercisable until the Company obtains stockholder approval (See Note 17: Subsequent Events) and include a beneficial ownership limitation of 4.99%, or 9.99% upon election, customary anti-dilution adjustments, cashless exercise rights if there is no effective registration statement or available prospectus for resale of the underlying shares, and fundamental transaction provisions.
The Company evaluated the temporary reduction in the exercise price of the Class A through Class F Warrants as a modification of freestanding equity-classified written call options. The incremental fair value effect of the modification was approximately $8,235 based on a class-by-class analysis and was attributable to the Class A and Class C Warrants. The aggregate fair value of the new Class H Warrants issued to the exercising holders was approximately $6.6 million. Accordingly, the aggregate value transferred to the exercising warrant holders was approximately $6.6 million.
The Company also incurred approximately $561 thousand of placement-agent costs in connection with the transaction, consisting of approximately $363 thousand of cash placement-agent fees and approximately $198 thousand representing the fair value of the Class H Placement Agent Warrants. Total holder-side consideration and placement-agent costs associated with the transaction were therefore approximately $7.2million.
The transaction generated gross exercise proceeds of approximately $3.6 million. The Company recognized equity issuance costs equal to the gross proceeds of the transaction, consisting of approximately $561 thouand of placement-agent costs and approximately $3.0 million of holder-side inducement consideration. The remaining approximately $3.6 million of value transferred to the exercising warrant holders exceeded the proceeds available to absorb the transaction costs and was recognized as a deemed dividend. Because the Company had an accumulated deficit, the deemed dividend was recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital.
The deemed dividend did not affect the Company’s net loss or total stockholders’ equity but was deducted in determining net loss available to common stockholders for purposes of calculating basic earnings per share. The noncash entries associated with the Class H Warrants, the Existing Warrant modification, and the Class H Placement Agent Warrants also had no net effect on total stockholders’ equity. After payment of the cash placement-agent costs, the transaction increased total stockholders’ equity by approximately $3.2 million, representing the net cash proceeds received.
At June 30, 2026 447,116 Placement Agent Warrants and 14,903,840 Class H warrants were outstanding.
May 2026 Class I Offering
On May 21, 2026, the Company closed a registered direct offering (the ‘May 2026 Class I Offering’) of
7,519,351 registered shares of common stock and Class I Common Stock Purchase Warrants to purchase up to 15,038,702 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.325 per share, exercisable for a five-year period commencing on the Stockholder Approval Date.
The combined offering price was $0.325 per share of common stock and accompanying Class I Warrants. Although the Class I Securities Purchase Agreement permitted each Purchaser to elect Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu of common stock, no Purchaser elected to receive Pre-Funded Warrants at closing, and consequently no May 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants were issued. Gross proceeds to the Company totaled approximately $2.4 million.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co., Inc. acted as the placement agent for the May 2026 Class I Offering and received an 8.0% cash commission of approximately $196 thousand, a 0.75% management fee of approximately $18thousand, reimbursement of expenses of $100 thousand, and 451,161Placement Agent Warrants exercisable at approximately $0.41per share (125% of the offering price) for a five-year period from the effective date of the Registration Statement. The Class I Warrants and Class I Placement Agent Warrants are all classified within stockholders’ equity. The Company applied the relative fair value method per ASC 470-20-25-2 to allocate the gross proceeds between the common stock and the Class I Warrants, resulting in allocations of approximately $939thousand to common stock and $1.5 million to Class I Warrants. The Class I Warrants will become exercisable only upon receipt of stockholder approval, which the Company is required to seek at a stockholder meeting to be held no later than July 21, 2026. (See Note 17: Subsequent Events)
At June 30, 2026 there were 451,161 Placement Agent Warrants and 15,038,702 Class I Warrants outstanding.
June 2026 Class J Offering
On June 10, 2026, the Company closed a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement (the “June 2026 Class J Offering”) of 2,554,119registered shares of common stock, 771,503unregistered shares of common stock, Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase up to 1,782,616shares of common stock at a nominal exercise price of $0.001per share (fully pre-funded at closing), and Class J Common Stock Purchase Warrants to purchase up to 10,216,476shares of common stock at an exercise price of approximately $0.52per share, exercisable for a five-year period commencing on the Stockholder Approval Date.
The combined offering price was approximately $0.52 per share and accompanying warrant. Gross proceeds to the Company totaled approximately $2.6 million.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co., Inc. acted as the placement agent for the June 2026 Class J Offering and received an 8.0% cash commission of approximately $212thousand, a 0.75% management fee of approximately $20thousand, reimbursement of expenses of $100thousand, and 306,494Placement Agent Warrants exercisable at approximately $0.65per share with a five-year term. The Class J Warrants, June 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants, and Class J Placement Agent Warrants are all classified within stockholders’ equity. The Company applied the relative fair value method per ASC 470-20-25-2 to allocate the gross proceeds among the common stock, Pre-Funded Warrants, and Class J Warrants. The Class J Warrants will become exercisable only upon receipt of stockholder approval, which the Company is required to seek at a stockholder meeting to be held no later than July 21, 2026 (concurrent with the Class I and Class H Warrants). (See Note 17: Subsequent Events)
For the three months ended June 30, 2026, prefunded warrants were exercised for 1,300,828 shares of common stock. At June 30, 2026, 481,788Pre-Funded Warrants, 306,494 Placement Agent Warrants and 10,216,476 Class J Warrants were outstanding.
Subsequently, on August 4, 2026, a holder exercised pre-funded warrants to purchase 481,788 shares of common stock upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants and received nominal cash proceeds from the exercise.
Note 15: Net Loss Per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Equivalent common shares, consisting of 48,470,384 and 4,334,512 of stock options and warrants, are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for the periods ended June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, since their effect is antidilutive due to the net loss of the Company.
Note 16: Fair Value
Fair Value
The Company complies with the provisions of FASB ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements” for its financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis.
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying values due to the short-term maturities of these items and are considered a Level 1 instrument of the fair value measurements standard. The Company also has certain warrants with a cash settlement feature in the occurrence of a Fundamental Transaction. The fair value of the Class A and Class B warrants (“June 2024 Warrants”) related to the Company’s June 2024 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes Model. The fair value of the Class C and Class D warrants (“October 2024 Warrants”) related to the Company’s October 2024 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes Model. The fair value of the Class E and Class F warrants (“July 2025 Warrants”) related to the Company’s July 2025 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes Model. The fair value of the Class G warrants (“March 2026 Warrants”) related to the Company’s March 2026 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes Model.
The Company estimated the fair value of the Class A Warrants, Class B Warrants, Class C Warrants, Class D Warrants, Class E Warrants, Class F Warrants, Class G Warrants, Class H Warrants, Class I Warrants, Class J Warrants using the Black-Scholes Model, which uses multiple inputs including the Company’s stock price, the exercise price of the warrant, volatility of the Company’s stock price, the risk-free interest rate and the expected term of the warrants.
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class A Warrants:
Schedule of Assumptions to Estimate Fair Value of Warrants
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class B Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class C Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class D Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class E Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class F Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class G Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class H Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class I Warrants:
The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class J Warrants:
The significant assumptions using the Black-Scholes Model approach for valuation of the Warrants are:
With the above factors utilized in analysis of the likelihood of the Put’s potential Liability, the Company estimated the range of probabilities related to a Put right being triggered as:
Schedule of Range of Probabilities
The Black-Scholes Model has incorporated a 5.0% probability of a Fundamental Transaction to date for the life of the securities.
While the assumptions remain consistent from period to period (e.g., utilizing historical stock prices), the actual historical prices input for the relevant period input change.
The Company accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value. The hierarchy below lists three levels of fair value based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. AIM categorizes each of its fair value measurements in one of these three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are:
The Company’s marketable securities consist solely of mutual funds. The Company determine realized gains and losses for marketable securities using the specific identification method and measure the fair value of our marketable securities using a market approach where identical or comparable prices are available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values of investments are determined using prices from a pricing service, pricing models, quoted prices of investments with similar characteristics or discounted cash flow models.
The table below presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the hierarchy as (in thousands):
Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Note 17: Subsequent Events
Company’s Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan
On July 1, 2026, 8shares of the Company’s Preferred Series G stock were converted to 8,000shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result of this conversion, the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock increased by 8,000shares and 521Preferred Series G remains issued and outstanding. The conversions did not result in any cash proceeds to the Company.
On July 9, 2026, the Company filed a Registration Statement registering additional shares of common stock under the Company’s Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the Plan is subject to an annual increase on July 1 of each calendar year, by an amount equal to two percent (2%) of the then outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. On July 1, 2026, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the 2018 Plan increased by 580,661 shares pursuant to the 2018 Plan Evergreen Provision.
Special Meeting of Stockholders
On July 15, 2026, the Company held a Special Meeting of Stockholders. As of the record date for the Special Meeting, there were 27,724,245outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the Special Meeting. Of the record date outstanding shares, 10,671,690 shares, or approximately 38.5%, were represented at the Special Meeting either in person or by proxy, meaning the requisite quorum for the meeting of 33 and 1/3% was present.Based on the final voting results reported by the Inspector of Election, all Proposals were approved.
On July 31, 2026, the Company and Maxim mutually agreed to terminate the Equity Distribution Agreement, effective August 15, 2026.
Sterling Proposal Agreement
On July 31, 2026, the Company entered into a proposal (the “Sterling Proposal Agreement”) with Sterling Pharma Solutions (“Sterling”) that is related to the Master Service Agreement and a Quality Agreement entered into between the Company and Sterling in 2022. Pursuant to the Sterling Proposal Agreement, Sterling agreed to manufacture further batches of the polynucleotide drug substances PolyI and Poly C12U and transfer of associated test methods at Sterling’s Dudley, UK location to produce the polymer precursors to manufacture the drug Ampligen. The estimated cost to the Company under the Sterling Proposal Agreement is approximately $1.5 million to be paid over a period of 12 months, as set forth in more detail in the Sterling Proposal Agreement. The Company anticipates using the manufactured product for ongoing and future clinical trials, including potentially a Phase 3 clinical trial for metastatic pancreatic cancer.
The foregoing summary of the Sterling Proposal Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Sterling Proposal Agreement, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 6, 2026 and incorporated herein by reference.
Unsecured Promissory Note
On August 6, 2026, the Company redeemed 384,911 shares of its common stock issued pursuant to the terms of the promissory note for an aggregate redemption price of $100,000 and redeemed 577,367 shares of its common stock issued pursuant to the terms of the promissory note for an aggregate redemption price of $150,000.
On August 4, 2026, a holder exercised pre-funded warrants to purchase 481,788 shares of common stock upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants and received nominal cash proceeds from the exercise.
ITEM 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements in this Report contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included or incorporated herein regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, future revenues, projected costs, plans, prospects and objectives are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “think,” “may,” “could,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “continue,” “potential,” “likely,” “opportunity” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements and their absence does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance, and actual results could vary materially from those contained in or expressed by such statements due to risks and uncertainties. These statements are based on our management’s current beliefs, expectations and assumptions about future events, conditions and results and on information currently available to us. Discussions containing these forward-looking statements may be found, among other places, below in this Item 2: “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Part II: Other Information; Item 1A: “Risk Factors” of this report, and in the following sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025: Part I; Item 1. “Business”, Part I; Item 1A. “Risk Factors”, Part I; Item 3. “Legal Proceedings”, and Part II; Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Among other things, for those statements, we claim the protection of safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any forward-looking statements set forth in this Report speak only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date hereof. We are in various stages of seeking to determine whether Ampligen® will be effective in the treatment of multiple types of viral diseases, cancers, and immune-deficiency disorders and the Report sets forth our current and anticipated future activities. These activities are subject to change for a number of reasons. Significant additional testing and trials will be required to determine whether Ampligen® will be effective in the treatment of these conditions. Results obtained in animal models do not necessarily predict results in humans. Human clinical trials will be necessary to prove whether or not Ampligen® will be efficacious in humans. No assurance can be given as to whether current or planned clinical trials will be successful or yield favorable data and the trials are subject to many factors including lack of regulatory approval(s), lack of study drug, or a change in priorities at the institutions sponsoring other trials. Even if these clinical trials are initiated, we cannot assure that the clinical studies will be successful or yield any useful data or require additional funding. Among the studies are clinical trials that provide only preliminary data with a small number of subjects, and no assurance can be given that the findings in these studies will prove true or that the study or studies will yield favorable results. Some of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies are also working on treatments and cures for different types of cancers. No assurance can be given that the use of Ampligen with these proposed treatments and cures will prove effective. No assurance can be given that future studies will not result in findings that are different from those reported in the studies referenced or incorporated by reference herein. Operating in foreign countries carries with it a number of risks, including potential difficulties in enforcing intellectual property rights. We cannot assure that our potential foreign operations will not be adversely affected by these risks.
Our filings are available at www.aimimmuno.com. The information found on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Report and is included for reference purposes only.
We operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor are we able to assess the impact of all of these risk factors on our business or the extent to which any risk factor, or combination of risk factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Given these uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. We disclaim any obligation to update any such factors or to publicly announce the result of any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect future events or developments.
Overview
General
The Company’s research and development of Ampligen has included a variety of diseases and health matters:
Immuno-Oncology
Ampligen is a wide-spectrum therapeutic that has shown positive safety and efficacy in clinical trials of many different solid tumor types. However, based specifically on clinical success as to safety and efficacy in our pancreatic cancer Early Access Program and an ongoing Phase 2 trial, AIM has made the business decision to focus its efforts on the development of Ampligen for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer, as we believe that this path will potentially lead to the most lucrative outcome. Each year pancreatic cancer kills more than 100,000 people in the American and European Union markets and more than 450,000 people worldwide. When AIM looks at the global health problem of pancreatic cancer, we see a large market in an unmet medical need and with relatively little clinical competition. This large unmet market is enhanced by an intellectual property program with broad-combination therapy patents in the United States, Japan and Europe, as well as market exclusivity provided by orphan drug designations in the United States and the European Union.
Oncology is one of the areas of biotech known for multibillion-dollar mergers and acquisitions deals – large-market Phase 3 oncology clinical trials with positive data are a desirable focus for acquisition. AIM strongly believes that such a Phase 3 study will be possible following the ongoing Phase 2 clinical study evaluating Ampligen in combination with AstraZeneca’s anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor Imfinzi (durvalumab) in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer patients with stable disease post-FOLFIRINOX standard of care (the “DURIPANC” study). The DURIPANC study is an investigator-initiated, exploratory, open-label, single-center study expected to enroll up to 25 subjects in the Phase 2 portion. The primary objective of the study is the clinical benefit rate of the combination therapy. The secondary/exploratory objectives include assessing overall survival and progression-free survival; exploring immune-monitoring using available tissue biopsies and peripheral immune profiling; and assessing quality of life. According to the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, the promising progression-free survival and overall survival seen in Phase 1 of the study – which we believe supported advancement to the ongoing Phase 2 portion of the study – continue to be seen. As of June 30, 2026, all subjects have been enrolled in the study and have received the first dose of study medication. Erasmus MC expects that detailed data will be published later this year. According to Erasmus MC, there has also been no significant toxicity – an encouraging safety profile for a post-chemo setting – and Ampligen subjects are consistently reporting “high” quality of life during treatment.
Please see “Immuno-Oncology” below.
Ampligen as a Potential Antiviral
We have research and pre-clinical history that indicates the broad-spectrum antiviral capability of Ampligen in animals. We hope to demonstrate that it has the same effect in humans. To demonstrate this requires a population infected with a virus – among other factors – which is why our most recent antiviral focus has been on COVID-19 (the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2) and Long COVID. We have conducted experiments in SARS-CoV-2 showing Ampligen has a powerful impact on viral replication. Previous animal studies yielded positive results utilizing Ampligen to treat viruses such as Western Equine Encephalitis Virus, Ebola, Vaccinia Virus (which is used in the manufacture of smallpox vaccine) and SARS-CoV-1. The prior studies of Ampligen in SARS-CoV-1 animal experimentation may predict similar protective effects against SARS-CoV-2.
Please see “Ampligen as a Potential Antiviral” below.
Ampligen as a Treatment for ME/ CFS and Post-COVID Conditions
The AMP-511 Expanded Access Program (“AMP-511”) is an ongoing open-label treatment protocol allowing patient access to Ampligen in a study under which severely debilitated CFS patients have the opportunity to receive Ampligen to treat this serious and chronic condition.
In July 2023, we enrolled and dosed the first patient in our Phase 2 study evaluating Ampligen® as a potential therapeutic for people with post-COVID conditions (“AMP-518”). We announced in August 2023 that the study had met the planned enrollment of 80 subjects ages 18 to 60 years who have been randomized 1:1 to receive twice-weekly intravenous infusions of Ampligen or placebo for 12 weeks, with a follow-up phase of two weeks. In January 2025, we announced that the final Clinical Study results from AMP-518 had been posted to ClinicalTrials.gov. The results support our belief in Ampligen as a potential therapeutic for people with the moderate-to-severe Post-COVID condition of fatigue, and that this would be the likely subject population for any follow-up clinical trial.
Please see “Ampligen as a Treatment for ME/CFS and Post-COVID Conditions” below.
OUR PRODUCTS
Our primary pharmaceutical product platform consists of Ampligen (rintatolimod), a first-in-class drug of large macromolecular double-stranded (ds) RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules. Ampligen is the only known TLR3 agonist to avoid helicase activation of NF-κB. Natural dsRNAs and poly IC which activate NF-κB in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have the potential to enhance cancer cell proliferation. Alferon Injection is an FDA-approved natural alpha-interferon product.
Ampligen®
Ampligen is approved for sale in Argentina (to 2026) for severe CFS and is an experimental drug in the United States currently being developed for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer, a lethal and unmet global health problem. Over its developmental history, Ampligen has received various designations, including Orphan Drug Product Designation (FDA and EMA), Treatment protocol (e.g., “Expanded Access” or “Compassionate” use authorization) with Cost Recovery Authorization (FDA); and “promising” clinical outcome recognition based on the evaluation of certain summary clinical reports (“AHRQ” or Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality). Based on the results of published, peer-reviewed pre-clinical studies and clinical trials, we believe that Ampligen may have broad-spectrum antiviral and anti-cancer properties.
We believe that nucleic acid compounds represent a potential new class of pharmaceutical products designed to act at the molecular level for treatment of many human diseases. Ampligen represents the first drug in the class of large (macromolecular) dsRNA molecules to apply for NDA review. There are two forms of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (“DNA”) and ribonucleic acid (“RNA”). DNA is a group of naturally occurring molecules found in chromosomes, the cell’s genetic machinery. RNA is a group of naturally occurring informational molecules which orchestrate a cell’s behavior which, in turn, regulates the action of groups of cells, including the cells which comprise the body’s immune system. RNA directs the production of proteins and regulates certain cell activities, including the activation of an otherwise dormant cellular defense against viruses and tumors. Our drug technology utilizes specifically configured RNA and is a selective Toll-like Receptor 3 (“TLR3”) agonist that can be administered intravenously, intranasally and intraperitoneally. Ampligen has been assigned the generic name rintatolimod by the United States Adopted Names Council (“USANC”) and has the chemical designation poly(I):poly(C12U).
Expanded Access Program/Early Access Programs/clinical trials of Ampligen that have been conducted or that are ongoing include studies of the potential treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, ME/CFS, Hepatitis B, HIV, COVID-19 and Post-COVID conditions.
We have received approval of our NDA from ANMAT for the commercial sale of Ampligen in the Argentine Republic for the treatment of severe CFS. The product would be marketed by GP Pharm – now Filaxis – our commercial partner in Latin America. Shipment of the drug product to Argentina was initiated in 2018 to complete the release testing by ANMAT needed for commercial distribution. In September 2019, we received clearance from the FDA to ship Ampligen to Argentina for the commercial launch and subsequent sales. In June 2020, we received import clearance from ANMAT to import the first shipment of commercial grade vials of Ampligen into Argentina. Collaboration with Filaxis continues for commercial launch of Ampligen in Argentina and they are currently in the process of renewing the existing license. To successfully bring this to market, several key steps are necessary, including building disease awareness, providing medical education, securing appropriate reimbursement, developing effective market strategies, and finalizing manufacturing preparations for launch.
The economic landscape in Argentina has changed dramatically since then with the country experiencing significant hyper-inflation. As contracts in Argentina are U.S. dollar contracts, the parties must evaluate the impact of the devaluation on the relationship and the ability to go forward on a U.S.-dollar basis. The combination of the cost and frequency of treatments has rendered CFS treatments in Argentina cost prohibitive, at least for the time being. We will therefore focus our efforts with Filaxis on an approval in Argentina for pancreatic cancer.
In May 2016, we entered into a five-year agreement with myTomorrows, a Netherlands-based company, for the commencement and management of an Early Access Program (“EAP”) in Europe and Turkey related to ME/CFS. Pursuant to the agreement, as amended, myTomorrows also is managing all Early Access Programs and Special Access Programs in Europe, Canada, and Turkey to treat pancreatic cancer and ME/CFS patients. The agreement was automatically extended for a period of 12 months on May 20, 2021 and will continue to be automatically extended for periods of 12 months every May 20 until terminated or the terms of the agreement are met.
In June 2018, Ampligen was cited as outperforming two other TLR3 agonists — poly IC and natural double stranded RNA — in creating an enhanced tumor microenvironment for checkpoint blockade therapy in the journal of Cancer Research. In a head-to-head study in explant culture models, Ampligen activated the TLR3 pathway and promoted an accumulation of killer T cells but, unlike the other two TLR3 agonists, it did so without causing regulatory T cell (Treg) attraction. These findings were considered important because they indicate that Ampligen selectively reprograms the tumor microenvironment by inducing the beneficial aspects of tumor inflammation (attracting killer T cells), without amplifying immune-suppressive elements such as regulatory T cells. The study was conducted at the University of Pittsburgh and Roswell Park as a part of the NIH-funded P01 CA132714 and Ovarian Cancer Specialized Program of Research Excellence (“SPORE”).
AIM currently has adequate stock of Ampligen for ongoing clinical purposes. As to the production of additional Ampligen when and if needed, the validation of the polymer production process with Sterling Pharma Solutions (“Sterling”) is ongoing. This will need to be completed before we can manufacture more polymer, and thus more Ampligen.
Alferon N Injection®
Alferon N Injection is the registered trademark for our injectable formulation of natural alpha interferon. Alferon N Injection is the only natural-source, multi-species alpha interferon currently approved for sale in the United States and Argentina for the intralesional (within lesions) treatment of refractory (resistant to other treatment) or recurring external genital warts in patients 18 years of age or older. Alferon N Injection is also approved in Argentina for the treatment of refractory patients that failed or were intolerant to treatment with recombinant interferons. Certain types of human papilloma viruses (“HPV”) cause genital warts, a sexually transmitted disease (“STD”). According to the CDC, HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection, with approximately 79 million Americans — most in their late teens and early 20s — infected with HPV. Although they do not usually result in death, genital warts commonly recur, causing significant morbidity and entail substantial health care costs.
Interferons are a group of proteins produced and secreted by cells to combat diseases. Researchers have identified four major classes of human interferon: alpha, beta, gamma and omega. Alferon N Injection contains a multi-species form of alpha interferon. The worldwide market for injectable alpha interferon-based products has experienced rapid growth and various alpha interferon injectable products are approved for many major medical uses worldwide. Alpha interferons are manufactured commercially in three ways: by genetic engineering, by cell culture, and from human white blood cells. All three of these types of alpha interferon are or were approved for commercial sale in the United States. Our natural alpha interferon is produced from human white blood cells. The potential advantages of natural alpha interferon over recombinant (i.e., synthetic) interferon produced and marketed by other pharmaceutical firms may be based upon their respective molecular compositions. Natural alpha interferon is composed of a family of proteins containing many molecular species of interferon. In contrast, commercial recombinant alpha interferon products each contain only a single species. Researchers have reported that the various species of interferons may have differing antiviral activity depending upon the type of virus. Natural alpha interferon presents a broad complement of species, which we believe may account for its higher activity in laboratory studies. Natural alpha interferon is also glycosylated (i.e., partially covered with sugar molecules). We believe that the absence of glycosylation may be in part responsible for the production of interferon-neutralizing antibodies seen in patients treated with recombinant alpha interferon. Although cell culture-derived interferon is also composed of multiple glycosylated alpha interferon species, the types and relative quantity of these species are different from our natural alpha interferon.
The production of new Alferon N Injection Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient, or API, is currently on hold. We do not know when – or if ever – our products will be generally available for commercial sale for any indication. Given our focus on developing Ampligen as an oncology therapy and antiviral, at this time we are not focusing on developing Alferon N Injection.
PATENTS AND NON-PATENT EXCLUSIVITY RIGHTS
We consider patent exclusivity as a crucial component of our business. As of June 30, 2026, we had 31 patents worldwide with 21 additional pending patent applications comprising our intellectual property.
We continually review our patents to assess their value. Please see “Note 6: Patents, and Trademark Rights, Net” under Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on these patents.
There are no current patent litigation proceedings involving AIM.
Orphan Drug Designation
We have received Orphan Drug Designation (ODD) from the FDA for Ampligen used in the treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, HIV, Metastatic Melanoma, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Ebola Virus Disease. U.S. ODD qualifies sponsors for incentives including tax credits for qualified clinical trials, exemption from user fees and a potential seven years of market exclusivity after FDA approval.
In the European Union, ODD carries ten years of market exclusivity after receiving marketing authorization. We have received ODD from the EU for Ampligen used in the treatment of Ebola Virus Disease and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, and for Alferon used in the treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (“R&D”)
Our general focus during the past several fiscal years has been on expanding the market potential of Ampligen through investigation of efficacy (in vitro and in vivo) in different immune-based disorders including cancer and CFS. We also have focused on research and development of potential prophylactic and therapeutic applications for the treatment of COVID-19, including the long-term effects of COVID-19.
We hold multiple patents related to the use of Ampligen as part of a combination therapy when combined with checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. The combination of these compounds is designed to work synergistically to enhance the effectiveness of the treatment. AIM’s “synergistic” patents include a U.S. patent (expires August 9, 2039) for methods involving use of Ampligen as part of a combination oncology therapy when paired with an anti-PD-L1 antibody; a patent in Japan (expires December 20, 2039) for the use of Ampligen in combination with checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies) for the treatment of cancer; and a patent in the Netherlands (expires December 19, 2039) for the use of Ampligen as a combination cancer therapy with checkpoint blockade inhibitors, such as Keytruda (pembrolizumab), Opdivo (nivolumab) and Imfinzi (durvalumab). Additional “synergistic” patent applications are pending, and AIM will promptly announce when any such patent is issued. Additionally, in June 2025 we received a patent (expires January 25, 2041) covering methods involving the manufacture of a range of therapeutic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) products, of which Ampligen is included. Combined with our multiple compositions and methods patents involving Ampligen, this manufacturing patent, along with our other issued patents, further secures our control over the synthesis and use of the first-in-class drug.
Multiple Ampligen clinical trials are underway or recently completed at major university cancer centers testing whether tumor microenvironments can be reprogrammed to increase the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors.
Pancreatic Cancer
AIM has made the business decision to focus its efforts on the development of Ampligen for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer, as we believe that this path will potentially lead to the most lucrative outcome. Each year, pancreatic cancer kills more than 100,000 people in the American and European Union markets and more than 450,000 people worldwide. AIM’s intellectual property portfolio includes orphan drug designations for pancreatic cancer in both the United States and Europe. The company announced in March 2026 that it would seek similar status in Japan.
There are currently two approved clinical studies utilizing Ampligen in the treatment of pancreatic cancer:
The active clinical efforts involving Ampligen are built on a strong foundation of both pre-clinical and clinical work. Chief among them was an early access program (“EAP”) at Erasmus Medical Center in the Netherlands, with Prof. C.H.J. van Eijck, MD, as lead investigator. The EAP was for Ampligen as a monotherapy in late-stage pancreatic cancer. A total of 42 pancreatic cancer patients initially received treatment with Ampligen immuno-oncology therapy under the EAP, with more than 80 patients ultimately receiving treatment. Ampligen was associated with median survival of 19.7 months, which is an extension of median overall survival of 8.6 months when compared to the standard of care. The EAP subjects also reported improved quality of life. We are in the process of seeking FDA “fast-track” status.
Additional scientific manuscripts supporting AIM’s efforts to develop Ampligen in the treatment of pancreatic cancer include:
Ampligen Efforts in Other Cancers of Interest
AIM believes that Ampligen has potential as both a monotherapy and as part of a combination therapy in the treatment of many solid tumor types. Our clinical work in this area includes:
We have research and pre-clinical history that indicates the broad-spectrum antiviral capability of Ampligen in animals. We hope to demonstrate that it has the same effect in humans. To demonstrate this requires a population infected with a virus – among other factors – which is why our most recent antiviral focus has been on COVID-19 (the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2). We have conducted experiments in SARS-CoV-2 showing Ampligen has a powerful impact on viral replication. Previous animal studies yielded positive results utilizing Ampligen to treat viruses such as Western Equine Encephalitis Virus, Ebola, Vaccinia Virus (which is used in the manufacture of smallpox vaccine) and SARS-CoV-1. The prior studies of Ampligen in SARS-CoV-1 animal experimentation may predict similar protective effects against SARS-CoV-2.
SARS-CoV-2 shares important genomic and pathogenic similarities with SARS-CoV-1. Since Ampligen has shown antiviral activity against more distantly related coronaviruses, there is a reasonable probability that the antiviral effects of Ampligen against SARS-CoV-1 will extend to SARS-CoV-2, and in fact Ampligen has demonstrated ex vivo antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, research at Utah State University’s Institute for Viral Research showed that Ampligen was able to decrease SARS-CoV-2 infectious viral yields by 90% at clinically achievable intranasal Ampligen dosage levels.
Our intellectual property portfolio includes a Japanese patent for the treatment of severe acute viral infections, including influenza and SARS.
In May 2020, the FDA authorized an IND for Roswell Park to conduct a Phase 1/2a study of a regimen of Ampligen and interferon alpha in cancer patients with COVID-19 infections. This clinical trial (NCT04379518), sponsored in collaboration with Roswell Park, was designed to test the safety of the combination regimen in patients with cancer and COVID-19, and the extent to which this therapy might promote clearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from the upper airway. The first patient enrolled and treated in November 2020. This study was amended to add 20 patients but ultimately terminated in January 2026 due to low accrual. Roswell Park reported partial results from the study, 4 patients were enrolled.
In January 2021, we entered into a Sponsor Agreement with the Center for Human Drug Research (“CHDR”) to manage a Phase 1 randomized, double-blind study to evaluate the safety and activity of repeated intranasal administration of Ampligen. AIM funded and sponsored the study. This study was designed to assess the safety, tolerability and biological activity of repeated administration of Ampligen intranasally. A total of 40 healthy subjects received either Ampligen or a placebo in the trial, with the Ampligen given at four escalating dosages across four cohorts, to a maximum level of 1,250 micrograms. The study was completed, and the Final Safety Report reported no Serious or Severe Adverse Events at any dosage level. We believe that the trial is a critical step in our efforts to develop Ampligen as a potential prophylaxis or treatment for COVID-19 and other respiratory viral diseases.
We believe that these results create a compelling case for further clinical trials to evaluate Ampligen as a potential tool in the fight against COVID-19.
Ampligen as a Treatment for ME/CFS and Post-COVID Conditions
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), also known as Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome (“CFIDS”) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), is a serious and debilitating chronic illness and a major public health problem. ME/CFS is recognized by both the government and private sector as a significant unmet medical need, including the U.S. National Institutes of Health (“NIH”), FDA and the CDC.
Many severe ME/CFS patients become completely disabled or totally bedridden and are afflicted with severe pain and mental confusion even at rest. ME/CFS is characterized by incapacitating fatigue with profound exhaustion and extremely poor stamina, sleep difficulties and problems with concentration and short-term memory. It is also accompanied by flu-like symptoms, pain in the joints and muscles, tender lymph nodes, sore throat and new headaches. A distinctive characteristic of the illness is a worsening of symptoms following physical or mental exertion, which do not subside with rest.
The AMP-511 Expanded Access Program (“AMP-511”) is an open-label treatment protocol allowing Ampligen access to severely debilitated CFS patients. The AMP-511 protocol started in the 1990s and is ongoing. The data collected from the AMP-511 protocol through clinical sites provide safety information regarding the use of Ampligen in patients with CFS. We are establishing an enlarged database of clinical safety information which we believe will provide further documentation regarding the absence of autoimmune disease associated with Ampligen treatment. We believe that continued efforts to understand existing data, and to advance the development of new data and information, will ultimately support our future filings for Ampligen and/or the design of future clinical studies that the FDA requested in a CRL. The FDA approved an increased reimbursement level from $200 to $345 per 200 mg vial of Ampligen, due to increased production costs; which was re-authorized in 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026. At this time, we do not plan on passing this adjustment along to the patients in this program.
In October 2020, we received IRB approval for the expansion of the AMP-511 Expanded Access Program clinical trial for ME/CFS to include patients previously diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 following clearance of the virus, but who still demonstrate chronic fatigue-like symptoms known as Post-COVID conditions. As of June 30, 2026, there were 4 patients enrolled in this open-label expanded access treatment protocol (including one patient with Post-COVID Conditions). In July 2022, AIM reported positive preliminary results based on data from the first four Post-COVID Condition patients enrolled in the study. The data show that, by week 12, compared to baseline, the investigators observed what they considered a clinically significant decrease in fatigue-related measures. To date, there have been eight such Post-COVID patients treated in this study.
In November 2020, we announced the publication of statistically significant data detailing how Ampligen could have a considerable positive impact on people living with ME/CFS when administered in the early stages of the disease. The data were published in PLOS ONE, a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by the Public Library of Science. AIM researchers found that the TLR3 agonist Ampligen substantially improved physical performance in a subset of ME/CFS patients.
In July 2023, we enrolled and dosed the first patient in our Phase 2 study evaluating Ampligen as a potential therapeutic for people with post-COVID conditions (“AMP-518”). We announced in August 2023 that the study had met the planned enrollment of 80 subjects ages 18 to 60 years who had been randomized 1:1 to receive twice-weekly intravenous infusions of Ampligen or placebo for 12 weeks, with a follow-up phase of two weeks. All patients completed the study, and topline data was reported in February 2024.
In January 2025, we announced that the final Clinical Study results from AMP-518 had been posted to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study subjects with Long COVID were, on average, able to walk farther in a Six-Minute Walk Test (“6MWT”) when compared to subjects who received a placebo. The 6MWT measured the distance a subject was able to walk in six minutes as a baseline and then again at 13 weeks. A clear signal of significant potential (p <0.02, two-tailed T-test) was observed in Ampligen-treated subjects with a baseline 6MWT less than 205 meters, who saw a mean improvement of 139 meters, compared to a mean improvement of 91 meters in the corresponding part of the group who received the placebo. These results support our belief in Ampligen as a potential therapeutic for people with the moderate-to-severe Post-COVID condition of fatigue, and that this would be the likely subject population for AIM’s planned follow-up clinical trial.
We are holding off on further research and development in ME/CFS/Long-COVID until the ongoing DURIPANC clinical study in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is complete.
Ampligen and Other Diseases
Endometriosis
Ebola-related Disorders - We concluded our series of collaborations designed to determine the potential effectiveness of Ampligen and Alferon N Injection as potential preventive and/or therapeutic treatments for Ebola-related disorders. Although we believe that the threat of both MERS and Ebola globally may reemerge in the future, it appears that the spread of these disorders has diminished.
Alzheimer’s Disease
Avian Influenza
MANUFACTURING
AIM’s operations, research and development facility is housed in the New Jersey Bioscience Center and leased with the New Jersey Economic Development Authority.
Jubilant HollisterStier (“Jubilant”) has been our authorized CMO for Ampligen since 2017. Multiple lots of Ampligen were produced from 2018 to 2023. AIM currently has adequate stock of Ampligen for ongoing clinical purposes. In addition, we have supplied GP Pharm, now Filaxis, with the Ampligen required for testing and ANMAT release under the agreement that GP Pharm, now Filaxis, would be the eventual distributor in Argentina.
Our business plan calls for the potential utilization of one or more CMOs. While we believe we have sufficient Ampligen API to meet our current needs, we are also continually exploring new efficiencies so as to maximize our ability to fulfill future obligations. In December 2022, we entered into a Master Service Agreement and a Quality Agreement with Sterling Pharma Solutions (“Sterling”) for the manufacture of our Poly I and Poly C12U polynucleotides and transfer of associated test methods at Sterling’s Dudley, UK, location to produce the polymer precursors to manufacture the drug Ampligen. We are utilizing Sterling’s expertise to refine our approach to polymer production; the validation of the polymer production process with Sterling is ongoing.
Licensing/Collaborations/Joint Ventures
We have embarked on a strategy to license the product and/or to collaborate and/or create a joint venture with companies that have demonstrated capabilities and commitment to successfully gain approval and commercialize Ampligen in their respective global territories of the world. Ideal partners would have well-established global and regional experience and coverage; robust commercial infrastructure; a strong track record of successful development and registration of in-licensed products; and a therapeutic area fit (e.g., ME/CFS, immuno-oncology).
As Filaxis has now turned its focus to oncology, we are exploring the potential for the use of Ampligen in Argentina for the treatment of pancreatic cancer as either a monotherapy or in combination with immunotherapies.
MARKETING/DISTRIBUTION
Beginning in May 2016, we have had an exclusive Renewed Sales, Marketing, Distribution and Supply Agreement (the “Agreement”) with GP Pharm, now Filaxis. Under this Agreement, GP Pharm is responsible for gaining regulatory approval in Argentina for Ampligen to treat severe CFS in Argentina and for commercializing Ampligen for this indication in Argentina. We granted GP Pharm the right to expand rights to sell this experimental therapeutic into other Latin America countries based upon GP Pharm achieving certain performance milestones. The contract ended date May 24, 2024. While we are in discussions with Filaxis to extend the agreement, we are also open to the possibility of looking for a new partner. In August 2021, ANMAT granted a five-year extension to a previous approval to sell and distribute Ampligen to treat severe CFS in Argentina. This extends the approval until 2026.
In May 2016, we entered into a five-year agreement (the “Impatients Agreement”) with Impatients, N.V. (“myTomorrows”), a Netherlands-based company, for the commencement and management of an EAP in Europe and Turkey (the “Territory”) related to ME/CFS. We supplied Ampligen to myTomorrows at a predetermined transfer price. In the event that we receive Marketing Authorization in any country in the Territory, we will pay myTomorrows a royalty on products sold. Pursuant to the Impatients Agreement, the royalty would be a percentage of Net Sales of Ampligen sold in the Territory where Marketing Authorization was obtained. The formula to determine the percentage of Net Sales will be based on the number of patients that are entered into the EAP. We believe that disclosure of the exact maximum royalty rate and royalty termination date could cause competitive harm. However, to assist the public in gauging these terms, the actual maximum royalty rate is somewhere between 2% and 10% and the royalty termination date is somewhere between five and fifteen years from the First Commercial Sale of a product within a specific country. The parties established a Joint Steering Committee comprised of representatives of both parties to oversee the EAP. No assurance can be given that activities under the EAP will result in Marketing Authorization or the sale of substantial amounts of Ampligen in the Territory. The agreement was automatically extended for a period of 12 months on May 20, 2021; has been automatically extended for 12 months on each subsequent May 20; and will continue to be automatically extended for periods of 12 months every May 20 until terminated or the terms of the agreement are met.
Alferon N Injection is approved by the FDA for commercial sales in the United States for the treatment of genital warts. Commercial sales of Alferon N Injection in the United States will not resume until new batches of commercial filled and finished product are produced and released by the FDA. We will need the FDA’s approval to release commercial product once we have identified our new manufacturing approach and submitted satisfactory stability and quality release data. We are not currently manufacturing Alferon N Injection and have no definitive timetable to resume production.
In February 2013, we received approval from Argentina’s ANMAT for Alferon N Injection (under the brand name “Naturaferon”) for the treatment of refractory patients that failed or were intolerant to treatment with recombinant interferon. In JANMAT granted a five-year extension in 2017; a request to extend the approval beyond 2022 has been filed and is still under review. GP Pharm, now renamed Filaxis, has decided not to move forward with this project and has sent us a notice of termination for this project. However, as there are numerous companies in Argentina now providing patients treatment with recombinant interferon, we believe these companies and their patients would benefit greatly from having the opportunity to treat those refractory patients with Naturaferon. We are continuing to seek out potential partners.
In January 2017, the myTomorrows EAP designed to enable access of Ampligen to ME/CFS patients was extended to pancreatic cancer patients beginning in the Netherlands. In February 2018, we signed an amendment to the EAP with myTomorrows to extend the Territory to cover Canada to treat pancreatic cancer patients, pending government approval. In March 2018, we signed an amendment to make myTomorrows our exclusive service provider for special access activities in Canada for the supply of Ampligen for the treatment of ME/CFS.
New Accounting Pronouncements
See“Note 2: Recent Accounting Pronouncements”.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in Part II; Item 7: “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations; Critical Accounting Policies” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Company’s operating results may fluctuate significantly depending on the pace of patient enrollment in our clinical trials, particularly the ongoing DURIPANC study for pancreatic cancer. Patient enrollment has varied, which directly impacts the timing and amount of clinical trial expenditures. Additionally, our ability to maintain compliance with NYSE American listing requirements and the trading status of our common stock may affect our ability to raise capital and, consequently, our ability to fund ongoing operations and clinical development activities. We cannot predict with certainty the timing of regulatory decisions or clinical trial outcomes, which represent material uncertainties that could significantly impact our future results of operations.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income ($ in thousands):
The Company’s net loss for the quarter ended June 30, 2026 was $3.8 million compared with a net loss of $2.8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, an increase of $1.0 million. The increase in net loss was primarily attributable to offering related costs incurred in connection with multiple equity transactions completed during the quarter, including placement agent fees, legal fees, accounting fees, and other direct transaction costs, as discussed below.
Total costs and expenses increased to $3.5 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2026, compared with $2.7 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, an increase of approximately 32.5%.
Equity transactions
The Company also incurred approximately $561 thousand of placement-agent costs in connection with the transaction, consisting of approximately $363 thousand of cash placement-agent fees and approximately $198 thousand representing the fair value of the Class H Placement Agent Warrants. Total holder-side consideration and placement-agent costs associated with the transaction were therefore approximately $7.2 million.
At June 30, 2026 447,116 Placement Agent Warrants and 14,903,840 Class H Warrants were outstanding.
On May 21, 2026, the Company closed a registered direct offering (the ‘May 2026 Class I Offering’) of 7,519,351 registered shares of common stock and Class I Common Stock Purchase Warrants to purchase up to 15,038,702 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.325 per share, exercisable for a five-year period commencing on the Stockholder Approval Date.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co., Inc. acted as the placement agent for the May 2026 Class I Offering and received an 8.0% cash commission of approximately $196 thousand, a 0.75% management fee of approximately $18 thousand, reimbursement of expenses of $100 thousand, and 451,161 Placement Agent Warrants exercisable at approximately $0.41 per share (125% of the offering price) for a five-year period from the effective date of the Registration Statement. The Class I Warrants and Class I Placement Agent Warrants are all classified within stockholders’ equity. The Company applied the relative fair value method per ASC 470-20-25-2 to allocate the gross proceeds between the common stock and the Class I Warrants, resulting in allocations of approximately $939 thousand to common stock and $1.5 million to Class I Warrants. The Class I Warrants will become exercisable only upon receipt of stockholder approval, which the Company is required to seek at a stockholder meeting to be held no later than July 21, 2026. (See Note 17: Subsequent Events)
On June 10, 2026, the Company closed a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement (the “June 2026 Class J Offering”) of 2,554,119 registered shares of common stock, 771,503 unregistered shares of common stock, Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase up to 1,782,616 shares of common stock at a nominal exercise price of $0.001 per share (fully pre-funded at closing), and Class J Common Stock Purchase Warrants to purchase up to 10,216,476 shares of common stock at an exercise price of approximately $0.52 per share, exercisable for a five-year period commencing on the Stockholder Approval Date.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co., Inc. acted as the placement agent for the June 2026 Class J Offering and received an 8.0% cash commission of approximately $212 thousand, a 0.75% management fee of approximately $20 thousand, reimbursement of expenses of $100 thousand, and 306,494 Placement Agent Warrants exercisable at approximately $0.65 per share with a five-year term. The Class J Warrants, June 2026 Pre-Funded Warrants, and Class J Placement Agent Warrants are all classified within stockholders’ equity. The Company applied the relative fair value method per ASC 470-20-25-2 to allocate the gross proceeds among the common stock, Pre-Funded Warrants, and Class J Warrants. The Class J Warrants will become exercisable only upon receipt of stockholder approval, which the Company is required to seek at a stockholder meeting to be held no later than July 21, 2026 (concurrent with the Class I and Class H Warrants). (See Note 17: Subsequent Events)
For the three months ended June 30, 2026, prefunded warrants were exercised for 1,300,828 shares of common stock. At June 30, 2026 481,788 Pre-Funded Warrants, 306,494 Placement Agent Warrants and 10,216,476 Class J Warrants were outstanding.
Research and development
Research and development costs declined to $589 thousand during the quarter ended June 30, 2026 compared with $1.2 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2025. Research costs declined as the Company completed a Phase II study in 2026 and shifted its focus toward a European Pancreatic Cancer study which is funded by a grant and in collaboration with a major pharmaceutical interest. The Company expects to begin new studies shortly and the timing and amount of clinical expenditures is dependent on recruiting patients and therefore can be difficult to project and lead to significant expense variations between periods.
General and administrative
General and administrative costs for the quarter ended June 30, 2026 were $1.5 million above those during the three months ended June 30, 2025 due to increases in issuance costs together with legal and accounting fees associated with the equity transactions
Interest expense was $295 thousand and $149 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The increase in interest expense is due to additional debt. On November 18, 2025, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreement, Streeterville paid the Company $2.5 million in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $781 thousand. The Company will pay $3.3 million consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $20 thousand of lender transaction fees, no later than November 18, 2027. The stated interest rate of the note is 10%.
The Company’s net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2026 was $6.8 million compared with a net loss of $6.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, an increase of $300 thousand. The increase in net loss was primarily attributed to offering related costs incurred in connection with multiple equity transactions completed during the period, including placement agent fees, legal fees, accounting fees, and other direct costs, as discussed below. These increased costs were partially offset by lower research and development expenses.
Total costs and expenses decreased to $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026, compared with $6.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, representing a decrease of approximately 8.2%.
For the three months ended June 30, 2026, 149 shares of the Series G Preferred had been converted for 149,000 shares of common stock and no Class G Warrants were exercised. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, 1,313 shares of the Series G Preferred had been converted for 1,313,000 shares of common stock, and 310,000 Class G Warrants had been exercised. Subsequent to June 30, 2026, 8 shares of the G Preferred had been converted to 8,000 shares of common stock. At June 30, 2026 3,374,000 Class G Warrants and 529 Series G Preferred were outstanding.
The deemed dividend did not affect the Company’s net loss or total stockholders’ equity but was deducted in determining net loss available to common stockholders for purposes of calculating basic earnings per share. The noncash entries associated with the Class H Warrants, the Existing Warrant modification, and the Class H Placement Agent Warrants also had no net effect on total stockholders’ equity. After payment of the cash placement-agent costs, the transaction increased total stockholders’ equity by approximately $3.2 million, representing the net cash proceeds received
Research and development costs declined to $1.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2026 compared with $2.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025. During the first quarter of 2025, the Company decided to direct its focus and efforts on the development of Ampligen for the treatment of late-stage pancreatic cancer, with the belief that this path will potentially lead to the most lucrative outcome. As a result, the Company evaluated its patent portfolio and made a decision to reduce its annual maintenance fees and development of patents not meeting its current core objective. As a result, $335 thousand was charged to clinical expenses during the first quarter of 2025 related to prior costs of developing and maintaining patents not specific to the primary focus and was a significant factor in the variance between the quarters.
Additionally, the Company’s Phase 2 study for pancreatic cancer was put on hold in 2025, which resulted in reduced clinical costs during the first six months of 2026 than during the same time period in 2025. The Company has shifted its focus toward a European Pancreatic Cancer study which is funded by a grant and in collaboration with a major pharmaceutical interest. The Company expects to begin a pivotal phase 3 clinical trial after the final DURIPANC study results become available and a study protocol has been finalized and the timing and amount of clinical expenditures is dependent on recruiting patients and therefore can be difficult to project and lead to significant expense variations between periods.
General and administrative costs for the six months ended June 30, 2026 were $675 thousand above the six months ended June 30, 2025 as a result of increases in issuance costs together with legal and accounting fees associated with the equity transactions. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company was receiving final billings related to a shareholder dispute which was settled during the fourth quarter of 2024 which reduced the impact of the additional fees incurred during the current year.
Interest expense was $599 thousand and $273 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The increase in interest expense is due to additional debt. On November 18, 2025, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreement, Streeterville paid the Company $2.5 million in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $781 thousand. The Company will pay $3.3 million consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $20 thousand of lender transaction fees, no later than November 18, 2027. The stated interest rate of the note is 10%.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash balances increased by $6.9 million or 231.7% during the six months ended June 30, 2026, primarily the result of ongoing financing initiatives. The Company raised $1.8 million from a grant of rights offering, $2.5 million from its ATM offering, and $5.7 million from warrant exercises, $1.6 million from the rights offering and $5.3 million from registered directs net of issuance costs during the quarter ended June 30, 2026.
Cash used by operating activities increased during the six months ended June 30, 2026 when compared to the six months ended June 30, 2025 primarily due to the utilization of cash for accounts payable and accrued expenses as well as administrative costs associated with equity transactions.
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company utilized a portion of its investments to provide cash for operations. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company utilized financing activities to provide the necessary operating funds which caused a $1.8 million difference in cash from investing activities when comparing the periods.
Our principal source of liquidity is our cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and proceeds from financing activities to provide the necessary funding to meet our obligations as they become due. As of June 30, 2026, we had $10.0 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable investments, inclusive of $64 thousand in marketable securities, compared with $3.0 million as of December 31, 2025.
On September 6, 2024, an amendment to an agreement dated April 7, 2022, was executed by us and Amarex clarifying and changing the nature of the remaining execution fee of $725 thousand. The amendment allowed that the remainder would not be exclusive to the agreement dated on April 7, 2022, that the nature of the payment changed from an execution fee to a fully refundable deposit, and that it could be applied to any invoice upon mutual agreement of the parties, removed the threshold contingencies, and if such invoices were not sufficient to exhaust the balance, that the refund would be refunded in cash. Due to the changes brought about by the amendment, the nature of the payment changed to deposit status. At June 30, 2026, we had a remaining deposit of $128 thousand which may be used to offset future clinical research expenditures. This deposit is listed as a non-current asset on the balance sheet but could provide working capital if the timing of expenditures are realized within the next 12 months.
On April 4, 2025, trading of the Company’s common stock had been suspended by NYSE American. Leading up to this event, the Company and Streeterville (the “Lender”) were in regular communication, regarding the potential impact on the loan agreements. On May 13, 2025, we entered into a Forbearance Agreement with the Lender pursuant to which, for a 1% fee and expenses, the Lender released the Company and its affiliates from all defaults under the Agreements through the date of the Forbearance Agreement and confirmed that, as a result, no Default Interest was due, with no adverse effect on liquidity.
On March 6, 2026, we completed a rights offering (the “2026 Rights Offering”) to our stockholders and to holders of certain of our outstanding options and warrants that had the right to participate in the 2026 Rights Offering as of February 10, 2026, the record date. In the Rights Offering we issued non-transferable subscription rights to purchase 1,842 Units. Each Unit consists of one share of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (the “G Preferred”) and 2,000 warrants to purchase common stock (the “G Warrants”). Each share of G Preferred is convertible, at the option of the holder at any time, into a number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient of the stated value of the Preferred Stock ($1 thousand) divided by $1.00, the conversion price. Each G Warrant is exercisable for one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share from March 6, 2026, the date of issuance, through its expiration five years from the date of issuance. The 2026 Rights Offering raised $1.8 million in gross proceeds.
We entered into an amendment to a Promissory Note with our Lender on March 10, 2026. The maturity date for the Note was extended until June 30, 2026, and then further extended to June 30, 2027. Other than the maturity date extension, there were no other changes to the agreement.
On May 7, 2026, the Company entered into a warrant exercise inducement offer letter agreement with holders of (i) Class A and Class B common stock purchase warrants issued on May 31, 2024 (the “Existing May 2024 Warrants”), exercisable for up to an aggregate of 112,820 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) Class C and Class D Common Stock purchase warrants issued on September 30, 2024 (the “Existing September 2024 Warrants”) exercisable for up to an aggregate of 93,060 shares of Common Stock, and (iii) Class E and Class F Common Stock purchase warrants issued on July 31, 2025 (the “Existing July 2025 Warrants” and together with the Existing May 2024 Warrants and the Existing September 2024 Warrants, the “Existing Warrants”) exercisable for up to an aggregate of 8,514,048 shares of Common Stock. The Existing May 2024 Warrants had an exercise price of $36.30 per share, the Existing September 2024 Warrants had an exercise price of $28.00, and the Existing July 2025 Warrants had an exercise price of $1.439.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. acted as placement agent in connection with the Inducement Transaction and received a cash fee of approximately $286 thousand, equal to 8.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds, $50 thousand for expenses incurred in connection with the offering, and approximately $27 thousand, representing a management fee equal to 0.75% of the aggregate gross proceeds. The Company also issued to the Placement Agent warrants to purchase up to 6.0% of the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Existing Warrants pursuant to the Inducement Letter. The Placement Agent Warrants have substantially the same terms as the Inducement Warrants, except that the Placement Agent Warrants will be exercisable until the five-year anniversary of the date of issuance, will have an exercise price equal to 125% of the Reduced Exercise Price, and will include piggyback registration rights that are triggered if there is not an effective registration statement covering all of the Placement Agent Warrant Shares while the Placement Agent Warrants are outstanding.
On June 10, 2026, the Company issued and sold 2,554,119 shares of common stock and, in a concurrent private placement, 771,503 shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 1,782,616 shares of common stock, and Class J warrants to purchase up to 10,216,476 shares of common stock to certain investors for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.6 million
As a research and development company, we are conducting research necessary to bring our product, Ampligen, to market. As such, we primarily rely on financing activities to provide the necessary funding to meet our obligations as they become due. AIM has a long and demonstrated history of success in these efforts, however, there is no assurance that we will be successful in attaining the necessary funding in the future.
Compliance with NYSE American
On December 11, 2024, we received an official notice of noncompliance with the NYSE American’s continued listing requirements specifically relating to a required stockholders’ equity of $6 million or more. The NYSE American’s review showed that we were not in compliance with that requirement. We submitted a plan (the “Plan”) to the NYSE American detailing actions we would take to regain compliance by June 11, 2026. The NYSE American accepted our Plan on February 26, 2025. If we had been unable to regain compliance by June 11, 2026, our common stock was subject to delisting from the NYSE American. As of June 30, 2026, our stockholders’ equity was $7.7 million.
On April 30, 2025, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders and authorized the Company’s Board of Directors to effect a reverse split at its discretion on a basis of up to one for 100 outstanding shares of Common Stock. On May 29, 2025, the Board authorized the Reverse Split and on June 10, 2025, the Company filed an amendment to its Articles of Incorporation effecting a reverse split of its outstanding shares of Common Stock on a one for 100 basis (the “Reverse Split”). Stockholders were given cash in lieu of any fractional shares on a post-split basis.
On May 7, 2026, the Company entered into a warrant exercise inducement offer letter agreement with certain holders of existing warrants, pursuant to which the holders agreed to exercise their warrants in cash at a reduced exercise price for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3.6 million in consideration of the Company’s agreement to issue new warrants upon such exercise.
On June 10, 2026, the Company issued and sold 2,554,119 shares of common stock and, in a concurrent private placement, 771,503 shares of common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 1,782,616 shares of common stock, and Class J warrants to purchase up to 10,216,476 shares of common stock to certain investors for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.6 million. Following the closing of these transactions, the Company believed it currently had stockholders’ equity in excess of the $6.0 million minimum requirement.
We are committed to a focused business plan oriented toward finding senior co-development partners with the capital and expertise needed to commercialize the many potential therapeutic aspects of our experimental drugs and our FDA approved drug Alferon N Injection.
The development of our products requires the commitment of substantial resources to conduct time-consuming research, preclinical development, and clinical trials that are necessary to bring pharmaceutical products to market. We believe, based on our current financial condition, that we do not have adequate funds to meet our anticipated operational cash needs and fund current clinical trials. At present we do not generate any material revenues from operations, and we do not anticipate doing so in the near future. We will need to obtain additional funding in the future to continue operations and for new studies and/or if current studies do not yield positive results, require unanticipated changes and/or additional studies.
AIM is actively working to explore the potential of Ampligen as an antiviral. We believe that Ampligen’s ability to activate antiviral immune system pathways could make the drug an effective broad-spectrum therapeutic tool against current viruses - such as SARS-CoV-2 - and future viruses that may emerge either as variants, or as entirely new challenges.
At present we do not generate any material revenues from operations, and we do not anticipate doing so in the near future. We will need to obtain additional funding in the future for new studies and/or if current studies do not yield positive results, require unanticipated changes and/or additional studies. If we are unable to commercialize and sell Ampligen and/or recommence material sales of Alferon N Injection, our operations, financial position and liquidity may be adversely impacted, and additional financing may be required. There can be no assurances that, if needed, we will be able to raise adequate funds or enter into licensing, partnering or other arrangements to advance our business goals. We may seek to access the public equity market whenever conditions are favorable, even if we do not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time. We are unable to estimate the amount, timing or nature of future sales of outstanding common stock or instruments convertible into or exercisable for our common stock. Any additional funding may result in significant dilution and could involve the issuance of securities with rights, which are senior to those of existing stockholders. See Part I, Item 1A - “Risk Factors; We will require additional financing which may not be available”.
Material Cash Requirements
Over the next 12 months, we anticipate that our primary cash requirements will include funding ongoing clinical trials for pancreatic cancer, general and administrative expenses, and debt service obligations. As of June 30, 2026, we had approximately $10.0 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. We estimate that our short-term (annual) working capital requirements currently range between $7.2 million and $10.8 million depending on the progress of clinical trials and financing sources.
Our long-term capital needs will depend significantly on the outcome of our ongoing clinical trials, regulatory decisions, and our ability to secure strategic partnerships or licensing arrangements. If Ampligen receives regulatory approval for any indication, we would require substantial additional capital to support commercialization activities. We may seek to raise additional capital through public or private equity offerings, debt financing, or collaborative arrangements with strategic partners.
As of June 30, 2026, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(b) of Regulation S-K, that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
Possible Sources of Funding
The Company plans to enter into a new Equity Distribution Agreement in August 2026.
ITEM 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.
ITEM 4: Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, which have been designed to permit us to effectively identify and timely disclose important information. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2026, to ensure that material information was accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, is appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we made no change in our internal controls over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
Part II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1: Legal Proceedings
Please see Part 1; Item 3 “Legal Proceeding” in our annual report in Form 10K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 27, 2026.
ITEM 1A: Risk Factors
Please carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the SEC on March 27, 2026, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results. The risks described in the above reports are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. Please also see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above. In addition to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, stockholders should carefully consider the following updates to our risk factors:
We have issued a significant number of shares and warrants, which may result in substantial dilution to existing stockholders.
During the six months ended June 30, 2026, we completed multiple equity transactions, including a rights offering, inducement transactions, and registered direct offerings, which raised aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $10.4 million. These transactions resulted in the issuance of a substantial number of shares of common stock, preferred stock, and warrants. As of June 30, 2026, we had approximately 48.5 million warrants outstanding with various exercise prices. If all outstanding warrants are exercised, existing stockholders would experience significant dilution. Additionally, the exercise of these warrants or the sale of shares issuable upon exercise could depress the market price of our common stock. We may need to raise additional capital in the future, which could result in further dilution to stockholders.
ITEM 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
ITEM 3: Defaults upon Senior Securities
ITEM 4: Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
ITEM 5: Other Information
Director and Executive Officer Trading
During the quarter ended June 30, 2026, no director or officer adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).
ITEM 6: Exhibits
Exhibit
No.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.