UNITED STATES
FORM 10-Q
[ X ] QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
For the Transition Period From to
For Quarter Ended June 30, 2003 Commission File Number 1-8787
AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL GROUP, INC.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of June 30, 2003: 2,608,877,973.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
See Accompanying Notes to Financial Statements.
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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET — (continued)
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS — (Continued)
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AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
June 30, 2003
1) These statements are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting only of normal recurring accruals have been made for a fair statement of the results presented herein. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain accounts have been reclassified in the 2002 financial statements to conform to their 2003 presentation. For further information, refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of American International Group, Inc. (AIG) for the year ended December 31, 2002.
2) Segment Information:
The following table summarizes the operations by major operating segment for the six months and quarter ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):
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The following is AIG’s Consolidated Statement of Segment Operations for the six months and quarter ended June 30, 2003 and 2002:
The following table summarizes AIG’s general insurance operations by major operating unit for the six months and quarter ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):
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The following table summarizes AIG’s life insurance operations by major operating unit for the six months and quarter ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):
The following table summarizes AIG’s financial services operations by major operating unit for the six months and quarter ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):
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3) Earnings per share of AIG are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
The quarterly dividend rate per common share, commencing with the dividend payable September 19, 2003 is $0.065.
4) Cash flow information for the six month periods ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 is as follows:
5) Computation of Earnings Per Share:
AIG does not have any anti-dilutive shares.
6) Acquisition, Restructuring and Related Charges
During the third quarter of 2001, American General Corporation (AGC) was acquired and consolidated into AIG; charges in connection with this acquisition totaled $1.36 billion for that quarter. During the second quarter of 2001, AGC incurred $654 million in connection with the termination of its merger agreement with Prudential plc. Thus, for all of 2001, AIG incurred $2.02 billion of charges in connection with the acquisition of AGC.
With respect to the charges of $1.36 billion incurred in the third quarter of 2001, approximately $512 million was related to direct costs of the acquisition. Of the $512 million, $85 million was attributable to investment banking, legal and accounting fees. The remaining direct costs of $427 million were related to employee severance and other termination benefits, and other compensation costs related to change in control agreements with AGC executives. The costs were also based in part on a projected elimination of positions, in accordance with AIG’s post-business combination plans, which were intended to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the combined operations.
Of the total direct costs of $512 million, $430 million have been paid as of June 30, 2003, including approximately $14 million, $111 million and $305 million paid during the first six months of 2003, and the
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With respect to the elimination of positions, 2,287 terminations were included in AIG’s original post-business combination plans. As of June 30, 2003, terminations totaled 1,932; including 218, 1,105 and 609 made during 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The majority of the remaining 355 terminations are scheduled to occur in 2003, in accordance with AGC’s employee termination program.
The indirect costs of $851 million represented charges resulting from post-business combination plans, recognizing that certain assets will have no future economic benefit or ability to generate future revenues. Such charges include asset impairment charges related to software, leasehold improvements and certain goodwill. Also included were certain adjustments associated with conforming AGC’s balances to AIG’s existing accounting policies and methodologies. Of the $851 million, $790 million had been applied as at June 30, 2003, including $8 million, $113 million and $669 million in the first six months of 2003, and the twelve months of 2002 and 2001, respectively. The balance, $61 million, is reflected as a component of “Other Liabilities” as of June 30, 2003.
7) Starr International Company, Inc. Plan
Starr International Company, Inc. (SICO) provides a Deferred Compensation Profit Participation Plan (SICO Plan) to certain AIG employees. The SICO Plan came into being in 1975 when the voting shareholders and Board of Directors of SICO, a private holding company whose principal asset consists of AIG common stock, decided that a portion of the capital value of SICO should be used to provide an incentive plan for the current and succeeding managements of all American International companies, including AIG. Participation in the SICO Plan by any person, and the amount of such participation, is at the sole discretion of SICO’s Board of Directors, and none of the costs of the various benefits provided under such plan is paid by or charged to AIG. The SICO Plan provides that shares currently owned by SICO may be set aside by SICO for the benefit of the participant and distributed upon retirement. The SICO Board of Directors may permit an early pay-out under certain circumstances. Prior to pay-out, the participant is not entitled to vote, dispose of or receive dividends with respect to such shares, and shares are subject to forfeiture under certain conditions, including but not limited to the participant’s voluntary termination of employment with AIG prior to normal retirement age. In addition, SICO’s Board of Directors may elect to pay a participant cash in lieu of shares of AIG common stock. If the expenses of the SICO Plan had been reflected by AIG, the pre-tax amounts accrued would have been $64.2 million for the first six months of 2003 and $25.1 million for the same period of 2002 and $32.1 million and $12.5 million for the second quarter 2003 and 2002, respectively.
8) Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
In the normal course of business, various commitments and contingent liabilities are entered into by AIG and certain of its subsidiaries. In addition, AIG guarantees various obligations of certain subsidiaries.
a) Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend subject to certain conditions. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or termination clauses and typically require payment of a fee. These commitments have not deviated materially from December 31, 2002 at which time they approximated $400 million. AIG uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. AIG evaluates each counterparty’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by AIG upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty.
b) AIG and certain of its subsidiaries become parties to financial instruments with market risk resulting from both dealer and end user activities and to reduce currency, interest rate, equity and commodity exposures. To the extent those instruments are carried at their estimated fair value, the elements of currency, interest rate, equity and commodity risks are reflected in the consolidated balance sheet. Collateral is required, at the discretion of AIG, on certain transactions based on the creditworthiness of the counterparty.
c) AIGFP and AIGTG each become parties to derivative financial instruments in the normal course of their business and to reduce currency, interest rate, commodity and equity exposures. Interest rate, currency, commodity and equity risks related to such instruments are reflected in the consolidated financial statements
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AIGFP and AIGTG, in the ordinary course of their operations and as principal, structure derivative transactions to meet the needs of investors who may be seeking to hedge certain aspects of such investors’ operations. AIGFP and AIGTG may also enter into derivative transactions for their own account. Such derivative transactions include interest rate, currency, commodity and equity swaps, swaptions, forward and option commitments. Interest rate swap transactions generally involve the exchange of fixed and floating rate interest payment obligations without the exchange of the underlying principal amounts. AIGFP and AIGTG typically become a principal in the exchange of interest payments between the parties and, therefore, may be exposed to loss, if counterparties default. Currency, commodity and equity swaps are similar to interest rate swaps, but involve the exchange of specific currencies or the cashflows based on the underlying commodity, and equity securities or indices. Also, they may involve the exchange of principal amounts at the beginning and end of the transaction. Swaptions are options where the holder has the right but not the obligation to enter into a swap transaction or cancel an existing swap transaction. At June 30, 2003, the notional principal amount of the sum of the swap pays and receives approximated $1,076.8 billion, primarily related to interest rate swaps of approximately $677.4 billion. The following tables provide the contractual and notional amounts of derivatives transactions, by maturity and type, of AIGFP and AIGTG at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
The notional amounts used to express the extent of involvement in swap transactions represent a standard of measurement of the volume of swaps business of AIGFP and AIGTG. Notional amount is not a quantification of market risk or credit risk and it may not necessarily be recorded on the balance sheet. Notional amounts represent those amounts used to calculate contractual cash flows to be exchanged and are not paid or received, except for certain contracts such as currency swaps.
The timing and the amount of cash flows relating to AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s foreign exchange forwards and exchange traded futures and options contracts are determined by each of the respective contractual agreements.
The following table presents the contractual and notional amounts by maturity and type of derivative of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives portfolio at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002:
(in millions)
Futures and forward contracts are contracts for delivery of foreign currencies, commodities or financial indices in which the seller/purchaser agrees to make/take delivery at a specified future date of a specified instrument, at a specified price or yield. Options are contracts that allow the holder of the option to purchase or sell the underlying commodity, currency or index at a specified price and within, or at, a specified period of time. As a writer of options, AIGFP and AIGTG generally receive an option premium and then manage the risk of any unfavorable change in the value of the underlying commodity, currency or index. Risks arise as a result of movements in current market prices from contracted prices, and the potential inability of the counterparties to meet their obligations under the contracts. At June 30, 2003, the contractual amount of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s futures, forward and option contracts approximated $295.5 billion.
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The following table presents AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s futures, forward and option contracts portfolio by maturity and type of derivative at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002:
AIGFP enters into credit derivative transactions in the ordinary course of its business. The overwhelming majority of AIGFP’s credit derivatives require AIGFP to provide credit protection on a designated portfolio of loans or debt securities. AIGFP provides such credit protection only on a “second loss” basis, under which AIGFP’s payment obligations arise only after credit losses in the designated portfolio exceed a specified threshold amount or level of “first losses.” The threshold amount of credit losses that must be realized before AIGFP has any payment obligation is negotiated by AIGFP for each transaction to provide that the likelihood of any payment obligation by AIGFP under each transaction is remote, even in severe recessionary market scenarios.
In many cases, the credit risk associated with a designated portfolio is tranched into different layers of risk, which are then analyzed and rated by the credit rating agencies. Typically, there will be an equity layer covering the first credit losses in respect of the portfolio up to a specified percentage of the total portfolio, and then successive layers that are rated, generally a BBB rated layer, an A rated layer, an AA rated layer and an AAA rated layer. In transactions that are rated, the risk layer or tranche that is immediately junior to the threshold level above which AIGFP’s payment obligation would arise is rated AAA by the rating agencies. For that reason, the risk layer assumed by AIGFP with respect to the designated portfolio in these transactions is often called the “super senior” risk layer, defined as the layer of credit risk senior to a risk layer that has been rated AAA by the credit rating agencies or if the transaction is not rated, equivalent thereto. For example, in a transaction with an equity layer covering credit losses from 0 to 2 percent of the total portfolio, a BBB rated layer covering credit losses from 2 to 4 percent, an A rated layer from 4 to 6 percent, an AA rated layer from 6 to 8 percent and a AAA rated layer from 8 to 11 percent, AIGFP would cover credit losses arising in respect of the portfolio that exceeded an 11 percent first loss threshold amount, and thereby bear risk that is senior to the 8 to 11 percent AAA rated risk layer.
AIGFP continually monitors the underlying portfolios to determine whether the credit loss experience for any particular portfolio has caused the likelihood of AIGFP having a payment obligation under the transaction to be greater than super senior risk. AIGFP maintains the ability opportunistically to hedge specific securities in a portfolio thereby further limiting its exposure to loss and has hedged outstanding transactions in this manner on occasion. AIGFP has never had a payment obligation under these credit derivatives transactions. Furthermore, based on portfolio credit losses experienced to date under all outstanding transactions, no transaction has experienced credit losses in an amount that has made the likelihood of AIGFP having to make a payment, in AIGFP’s view, to be greater than remote, even in severe recessionary market scenarios. At June 30, 2003, the notional amount with respect to AIGFP’s credit derivative portfolio was $160.36 billion.
AIGFP and AIGTG utilize various credit enhancements, including letters of credit, guarantees, collateral, credit triggers, credit derivatives and margin agreements to reduce the credit exposure relating to these off-balance sheet financial instruments. AIGFP and AIGTG require credit enhancements in connection with specific transactions based on, among other things, the creditworthiness of the counterparties and the transaction’s size and maturity. In addition, AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivative transactions are generally documented under ISDA Master Agreements. Management believes that such agreements provide for legally
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AIGFP and AIGTG independently evaluate the creditworthiness of their counterparties, taking into account credit ratings assigned by recognized statistical rating organizations. In addition, AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s credit approval processes involve pre-set counterparty, country and industry credit exposure limits and, for particularly credit intensive transactions, obtaining approval from AIG’s Credit Risk Committee. The average credit rating of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s counterparties as a whole (as measured by AIGFP and AIGTG) is equivalent to AA. The maximum potential loss will increase or decrease during the life of the derivative commitments as a function of maturity and market conditions.
AIGFP and AIGTG determine counterparty credit quality by reference to ratings from independent rating agencies or, where such ratings are not available, by internal analysis. At June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the counterparty credit quality with respect to the net replacement value of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives portfolios were as follows:
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At June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the counterparty breakdown by industry with respect to the net replacement value of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives portfolio was as follows:
Securities sold, but not yet purchased and spot commodities sold but not yet purchased represent obligations of AIGFP and AIGTG, respectively, to deliver specified securities and spot commodities at their contracted prices, and thereby create a liability to repurchase the securities and spot commodities in the market at prevailing prices.
AIGFP and AIGTG monitor and control their risk exposure on a daily basis through financial, credit, legal reporting systems, credit approvals and limits and, accordingly, believes that it has in place effective procedures for evaluating and limiting the credit and market risks to which it is subject. Management is not aware of any potentially significant counterparty defaults. At June 30, 2003, AIGFP and AIGTG did not have a significant concentration of credit risk from either an individual counterparty or group of counterparties.
AIG has issued unconditional guarantees with respect to the prompt payment, when due, of all present and future payment obligations and liabilities of AIGFP and AIGTG arising from transactions entered into by AIGFP and AIGTG.
Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 from AIGFP’s operations were $676 million and $538 million, respectively.
d) At June 30, 2003, ILFC had committed to purchase 459 aircraft deliverable from 2003 through 2010 at an estimated aggregate purchase price of $26.2 billion and had options to purchase 18 aircraft deliverable from 2003 through 2008 at an estimated aggregate purchase price of $1.3 billion. ILFC will be required to find customers for any aircraft acquired, and it must arrange financing for portions of the purchase price of such equipment.
e) AIG and its subsidiaries, in common with the insurance industry in general, are subject to litigation, including claims for punitive damages, in the normal course of their business. AIG does not believe that such litigation will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, future operating results or liquidity. However, the recent trend of increasing jury awards and settlements makes it somewhat more difficult to assess the ultimate outcome of such litigation.
In late 2002, a shareholder derivative action was filed in Delaware Chancery Court alleging breaches of fiduciary duty of loyalty and care against AIG’s directors. AIG management believes the allegations of the complaint are without merit. AIG’s Board of Directors has appointed a special committee of independent directors to review the complaint and respond to the lawsuit.
AIG continues to receive claims asserting injuries from toxic waste, hazardous substances, and other environmental pollutants and alleged damages to cover the cleanup costs of hazardous waste dump sites (hereinafter collectively referred to as environmental claims) and indemnity claims asserting injuries from asbestos. Estimation of asbestos and environmental claims loss reserves is a difficult process, as these claims, which emanate from policies written in 1984 and prior years, cannot be estimated by conventional reserving techniques. Asbestos and environmental claims development is affected by factors such as inconsistent court
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AIG’s general insurance companies have a special asbestos and environmental (A & E) claims unit actively managing A & E claims. AIG’s experienced claims professionals evaluate case reserves for AIG losses at the earliest possible time, reserving to ultimate probable loss based upon known facts, current law, jurisdiction, policy language and other factors. AIG routinely reviews the adequacy of A & E case reserves. AIG does not discount A & E reserves.
AIG uses primarily two methods to test the A & E reserves. One method, the Market Share method, produces indicated A & E reserve needs by applying the appropriate AIG company market share to estimated potential industry ultimate loss/ loss expense based on the latest estimates from A.M. Best and Tillinghast. A second method, a frequency/ severity approach, is also utilized. This approach utilizes current information as the basis of an analysis that predicts, for the next 10 years, the number of future environmental claims expected and the average severity of each. The trend in frequency created is based upon assumptions judged by AIG to be the most reasonable. The trend in severity starts with initial severities based on actual average current severity (under the varying case adequacy assumptions) and trending forward under assumptions deemed most reasonable by AIG. A similar report year claim projection analysis is also performed for asbestos. This analysis predicts future asbestos losses for the next 20 years based on the actual claim activity.
A summary of reserve activity for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, including estimates for applicable incurred but not reported losses and loss expenses, relating to asbestos and environmental claims separately and combined, is as follows:
f) SAI Deferred Compensation Holdings, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of AIG, has established a deferred compensation plan for registered representatives of certain AIG subsidiaries, pursuant to which participants have the opportunity to invest deferred commissions and fees on a notional basis. The value of the deferred compensation fluctuates with the value of the deferred investment alternatives chosen. AIG has provided a full and unconditional guarantee of the obligations of SAI Deferred Compensation Holdings, Inc. to pay the deferred compensation under the plan.
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9) Debt Outstanding:
At June 30, 2003, AIG’s debt outstanding of $76.87 billion, shown below, included borrowings of $67.93 billion which were either not guaranteed by AIG or were matched borrowings under obligations of guaranteed investment agreements (GIAs) or matched notes and bonds payable. Borrowings at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were as follows:
At June 30, 2003, the commercial paper issued and outstanding was as follows:
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The maturity distributions of total borrowings at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were as follows:
During the first six months of 2003, AIGFP increased the aggregate principal amount outstanding of its notes and bonds payable to $17.46 billion. AIGFP uses the proceeds from the issuance of notes and bonds and GIA borrowings to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities and derivative transactions. The funds may also be temporarily invested in securities purchased under agreements to resell.
AIG Funding, Inc. (Funding), through the issuance of commercial paper, helps fulfill the short-term cash requirements of AIG and its subsidiaries. Funding intends to continue to meet AIG’s funding requirements through the issuance of commercial paper guaranteed by AIG. The issuance of Funding’s commercial paper is subject to the approval of AIG’s Board of Directors.
ILFC and American General Finance, Inc. and its subsidiaries (AGF) as well as AIG Credit Card Company (Taiwan) — (AIGCCC-Taiwan) and AIG Finance (Taiwan) Limited — (AIGF-Taiwan), both consumer finance subsidiaries in Taiwan, have issued commercial paper for the funding of their own operations. At June 30, 2003, AIG did not guarantee the commercial paper of any of its subsidiaries other than Funding. On July 8, 2002, AGC ceased issuing commercial paper under its program. AGC’s funding requirements are now being met through Funding’s commercial paper program.
AIG and Funding are parties to unsecured syndicated revolving credit facilities (collectively, the Facility) aggregating $2.75 billion. The Facility consists of $1.375 billion in a short-term revolving credit facility and $1.375 billion in a five year revolving credit facility. The Facility can be used for general corporate purposes and also to provide backup for Funding’s commercial paper programs. There are currently no borrowings outstanding under the Facility, nor were any borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2003.
AGF is a party to unsecured syndicated revolving credit facilities aggregating $3.0 billion. The facilities consist of $1.5 billion in a short-term revolving credit facility and $1.5 billion in a five year revolving credit facility, which support AGF’s commercial paper borrowings. There are currently no borrowings under these facilities, nor were any borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2003. AGF had $3.4 billion in aggregate principal amount of debt securities registered and available for issuance at June 30, 2003. AGF uses the proceeds from the issuance of notes and bonds for the funding of its finance receivables.
As of November 2001, AIG guaranteed the notes and bonds of AGC. During 2002, AGC issued $200 million in notes which matured in March 2003.
ILFC is a party to unsecured syndicated revolving credit facilities aggregating $3.15 billion to support its commercial paper program. The facilities consist of $2.15 billion in a short-term revolving credit facility and $1.0 billion in a three year revolving credit facility. There are currently no borrowings outstanding under these facilities, nor were any borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2003.
At June 30, 2003, ILFC had increased the aggregate amount outstanding of its medium term and long term notes to $18.54 billion, a net increase of $3.74 billion from December 31, 2002 (of which $170 million results from foreign exchange translation), and recorded a net decline in its capital lease obligations of $55 million and a net decrease in its commercial paper of $889 million. At June 30, 2003, ILFC had $11.08 billion of debt securities registered for public sale. During the six months ended June 30, 2003, $4.38 billion of debt securities were issued. During the second quarter of 2003, ILFC expanded its Euro Medium Term Note Program to $5.0 billion, under which $2.81 billion in notes were sold through June 30, 2003. ILFC has substantially eliminated the currency exposure arising from foreign currency denominated notes by either hedging the notes through swaps or through the offset provided by operating lease payments. Notes issued under this program are included in Notes and Bonds Payable in the preceding table of borrowings.
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ILFC had a $4.3 billion Export Credit Facility for use in connection with the purchase of approximately 75 aircraft delivered through 2001. This facility was guaranteed by various European Export Credit Agencies. The interest rate varies from 5.75 percent to 5.90 percent on these borrowings depending on the delivery date of the aircraft. At June 30, 2003, ILFC had $1.9 billion outstanding under this facility. The debt is collateralized by a pledge of the shares of a subsidiary of ILFC, which holds title to the aircraft financed under the facility. Borrowings with respect to this facility are included in Notes and Bonds Payable in the preceding table of borrowings.
The proceeds of ILFC’s debt financing are primarily used to purchase flight equipment, including progress payments during the construction phase. The primary sources for the repayment of this debt and the interest expense thereon are the cash flow from operations, proceeds from the sale of flight equipment and the rollover and refinancing of the prior debt.
AIGFP has established a Euro Medium Term Note Program under which an aggregate principal amount of up to $4.0 billion of notes may be outstanding. As of June 30, 2003, $3.18 billion of notes had been issued under the program, $2.07 billion of which are outstanding. Notes issued under this program are included in Notes and Bonds Payable in the preceding table of borrowings.
During the first six months of 2003, AIG did not issue any medium term notes and $174 million of previously issued notes matured. At June 30, 2003, AIG had $140 million in aggregate principal amount of debt securities registered for issuance from time to time. AIG has filed a universal shelf registration statement to sell up to $5.1 billion of debt securities, preferred and common stock and other securities. AIG has no current plans to issue the equity, equity-linked or capital securities included in the registration statement, but intends to continue its customary practice of issuing securities from time to time for general corporate purposes.
On November 9, 2001, AIG received proceeds of approximately $1 billion from the issuance of Zero Coupon Convertible Senior Debentures Due 2031 with an aggregate principal amount at maturity of approximately $1.52 billion. Commencing January 1, 2002, the debentures are convertible into shares of AIG common stock at a conversion rate of 6.0627 shares per $1,000 principal amount of debentures if AIG common stock trades at certain levels for certain time periods. The debentures are callable by AIG on or after November 9, 2006. Also, holders can require AIG to repurchase these debentures once every five years beginning on November 9, 2006.
On May 15, 2003, AIG sold $1.5 billion principal amount of notes in a Rule 144A/Regulation S offering. $500 million of the notes bear interest at a rate of 2.875 percent per annum and mature in 2008 and $1.0 billion of the notes bear interest at a rate of 4.250 percent per annum and mature in 2013. The notes are senior unsecured obligations of AIG and rank equally with all of AIG’s other senior debt outstanding.
10) Accounting Standards:
In November 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others” (FIN45). FIN45 requires that, for guarantees within its scope that are issued or amended after December 31, 2002, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee be established and recognized through earnings. To date, the impact on earnings for AIG has not been and is not expected to be material.
AIG guarantees the indebtedness of third parties principally in connection with AIG SunAmerica Inc.’s (AIG SunAmerica) investments in affordable housing properties. The guarantees are issued primarily to facilitate financing for the construction of the underlying properties, and range in duration of up to ten years. Since the inception of this investment program over ten years ago, payments under these guarantees have been insignificant. This is due to the fact that the loans are first backed by the creditworthiness of the third party general partner; and secondly, are secured by the underlying properties. The maximum exposure before consideration of the applicable security under these guarantees as of June 30, 2003 is approximately $3.4 billion.
In addition, AIG’s real estate investment operations will occasionally extend similar guarantees to real estate partnerships in which they are an investor. The guarantees facilitate financing for the construction,
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Through its ILFC subsidiary, AIG has also provided other types of guarantees. From time to time, ILFC participates with airlines, banks and other financial institutions to assist in financing aircraft by providing asset guarantees, put options or loan guarantees. Historically, losses arising from these guarantees have been immaterial, as ILFC has recourse to the value of the underlying aircraft, which offsets ILFC’s exposure, should ILFC be called upon to fulfill its obligations under these guarantees. The maximum exposure before consideration of the applicable security of these guarantees as of June 30, 2003 is approximately $1.0 billion.
In January 2003, FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (FIN46). FIN46 changes the method of determining whether certain entities should be consolidated in AIG’s consolidated financial statements. An entity is subject to FIN46 and is called a Variable Interest Entity (VIE) if it has (i) equity that is insufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (ii) equity investors that cannot make significant decisions about the entity’s operations, or that do not absorb the expected losses or receive the expected returns of the entity. A VIE is consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is the party that has a majority of the expected losses or a majority of the expected residual returns of the VIE, or both. All other entities not considered VIEs are evaluated for consolidation under existing guidance.
The provisions of FIN46 are to be applied immediately to VIEs created after January 31, 2003, and to VIEs in which AIG obtains an interest after that date. For VIEs in which AIG holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003, FIN46 applies to the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2003. For any VIEs that must be consolidated under FIN46 that were created before February 1, 2003, the assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interest of the VIEs would be initially measured at their carrying amounts with any difference between the net amount added to the balance sheet and any previously recognized interest being recognized as the cumulative effect of an accounting change.
Beginning July 1, 2003, AIG is required to consolidate approximately $2.9 billion of assets and liabilities, and record a one-time cumulative accounting charge upon adoption of FIN46 which will not have a material effect on AIG’s results of operations. Of the $2.9 billion, $1.2 billion relates to third party debt most of which arises from sale-leaseback transactions involving AIG’s ILFC subsidiary. The remaining $1.7 billion relates to other liabilities arising from affordable housing transactions involving AIG SunAmerica subsidiaries. In addition, AIG may be required to consolidate certain other VIEs based on future guidance from FASB.
Effective January 1, 2003, AIG adopted the recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (FAS 123). This statement establishes the financial accounting and reporting standards for stock-based employee compensation plans, such as AIG’s stock purchase plan, stock option plan and stock incentive plan. Under the recognition provisions of FAS 123, costs with respect to stock compensation are measured using the fair value of the shares subscribed or granted as at the date of grant recognized ratably over the vesting period. Such fair value is derived through an option pricing model.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure, an amendment to FASB Statement No. 123” (FAS 148) was issued in 2002. This statement amended FAS 123 and provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the recognition provisions of FAS 123. Also, FAS 148 amended certain of the disclosure requirements of FAS 123.
AIG has elected the “Prospective Method” in the application of the recognition provisions as prescribed by FAS 123. Such method provides for the recognition of the fair value with respect to stock-based compensation for shares subscribed for or granted on or after January 1, 2003.
Prior to adoption of the recognition provisions of FAS 123, as amended, AIG recognized stock compensation in accordance with the provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”.
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With respect to net income for the six months and quarter ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, the following table provides a pro forma reconciliation as if AIG had adopted the recognition provisions of FAS 123 at its inception:
In May 2003, FASB issued Financial Accounting Standard No. 150 “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity” (FAS 150). FAS 150 requires certain financial instruments previously classified as either entirely equity or between the liabilities section and the equity section of the balance sheet be classified as liabilities.
FAS 150 requires issuers to classify as liabilities the following three types of freestanding financial instruments: mandatory redeemable financial instruments; obligations to repurchase the issuer’s equity shares by transferring assets; and certain obligations to issue a variable number of shares.
FAS 150 is effective for the quarter ending September 30, 2003. The impact of FAS 150 on AIG’s results of operations and financial condition will be insignificant.
In July 2003, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants issued Statement of Position 03-1, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Nontraditional Long-Duration Contracts and for Separate Accounts” (SOP 03-1). FASB did not object to the issuance of SOP 03-1. This statement is effective as of January 1, 2004, and will require AIG to recognize a liability for guaranteed minimum death benefits and other living benefits related to its variable annuity and variable life contracts and modify certain disclosures for these products. AIG is evaluating the provisions of SOP 03-1 and does not currently have an estimate of the liability. Management believes with regard to its possible impact that the one-time cumulative accounting charge upon adoption may have a material effect on AIG’s results of operations in the first quarter of 2004 but will not be material to AIG’s financial condition or liquidity.
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11) Information Provided in Connection with Outstanding Debt of AGC
The following condensed consolidating financial statements are provided in compliance with Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission. AGC is a holding company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of AIG. AIG provides a full and unconditional guarantee of all outstanding debt of AGC.
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
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Condensed Consolidating Statements of Income
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Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
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Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other publicly available documents may include, and AIG’s officers and representatives may from time to time make, statements which may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are not historical facts but instead represent only AIG’s belief regarding future events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and outside of AIG’s control. These statements may address, among other things, AIG’s strategy for growth, product development, regulatory approvals, market position, financial results and reserves. It is possible that AIG’s actual results and financial condition may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results and financial condition indicated in these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause AIG’s actual results to differ, possibly materially, from those in the specific forward-looking statements are discussed throughout Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. AIG is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any such obligations to) update or alter any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” is designed to provide the reader a narrative with respect to AIG’s operations, financial condition and liquidity and certain other significant matters.
Index
Executive Summary
AIG’s operations are conducted principally through four business segments: general insurance, life insurance, financial services and retirement savings & asset management. Within each of these business segments are various operating groups generally formed based upon products or services which may be offered in different geographic locations.
Throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, AIG presents its operations in the way it believes will be most meaningful, as well as most transparent. Gross premiums written, statutory underwriting profit (loss) and combined ratios are presented in accordance with accounting principles prescribed by insurance regulatory authorities because these are standard measures of performance used in the insurance industry and thus allow more meaningful comparisons with AIG’s insurance competitors.
Consolidated Results
AIG’s revenues in the first six months of 2003 increased 18.4 percent to $38.8 billion when compared to $32.8 billion in the same period of 2002. Growth in revenues was primarily attributable to the
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AIG’s income before income taxes and minority interest increased 11.0 percent in the first six months of 2003 when compared to the same period of 2002. General insurance operating income was the primary reason for this growth.
AIG’s effective income tax rates were 30.47 percent for net income and 33.41 percent for realized capital gains (losses) in 2003 compared to 30.80 percent and 34.98 percent, respectively, in 2002.
AIG’s net income in the first six months of 2003 increased 11.9 percent to $4.23 billion when compared to $3.78 billion in the same period of 2002.
The following table summarizes the operations of each principal segment for the first six months of 2003 and 2002:
(a) Represents the sum of net premiums earned, net investment income and realized capital gains (losses).
(b) Represents the sum of GAAP life premiums, net investment income and realized capital gains (losses).
(c) Represents financial services commissions, transactions and other fees.
(d) Represents retirement savings & asset management commissions and other fees.
General Insurance: General insurance operating income increased 26.0 percent in the first six months of 2003 compared to the same period in 2002. This increase was primarily attributable to strong growth in operating income with respect to Domestic Brokerage Group’s and Foreign General’s operations. Realized capital losses with respect to general insurance operations amounted to $256 million and $282 million for the first six months of 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Life Insurance: Life insurance operating income increased 8.3 percent in the first six months of 2003 compared to the same period in 2002. This increase resulted from growth in each of AIG’s principal life insurance businesses, partially offset by realized capital losses of $516 million and $339 million for the first six months of 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Financial Services: Financial services operating income increased 13.5 percent in the first six months of 2003 compared to the same period in 2002, reflecting profits derived from a diversified range of businesses and products.
Retirement Savings & Asset Management: Retirement savings & asset management operating income increased 0.8 percent in the first six months of 2003 when compared to the same period in 2002. Equity markets have improved in recent months, although they remain below June 30, 2002 levels.
Realized Capital Losses: During the first six months of 2003, AIG’s realized capital losses aggregated $988 million. These realized capital losses reflect continued weakness in the equity markets and impairment loss provisions for both equity and fixed income holdings. Upon the ultimate disposition of these holdings, a portion of these losses may be recovered depending on future market conditions.
Capital Resources: At June 30, 2003, AIG had total capital funds of $68.36 billion and total borrowings of $76.87 billion. At that date, $67.93 billion of such borrowings were either not guaranteed by AIG or were matched borrowings under obligations of guaranteed investment agreements (GIAs) or matched notes and bonds payable.
During the period from January 1, 2003 through June 30, 2003, AIG repurchased in the open market 1,625,000 shares of its common stock.
Liquidity: At June 30, 2003, consolidated invested assets were $479.8 billion including $14.03 billion in cash and short-term investments. Consolidated net cash provided from operating activities in the first six months of 2003 amounted to $13.11 billion.
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Outlook
Premium rates in the General Insurance business are continuing to strengthen both domestically and in key international markets, along with policy restrictions and exclusions. AIG expects that rate increases will continue through 2003. Such increases will positively impact on cash flow available for investment. Thus, General Insurance’s net investment income is expected to rise in future quarters even in the current low interest rate environment.
In the Life Insurance segment, AIG expects continued growth overall, focused in its major product lines such as Life Insurance, Personal Accident, Pension & Investment Products, and Group Life/Health. AIG continues to expand its operations in China, becoming the first foreign insurance organization to have wholly owned life insurance operations in Beijing, Suzhou, Dongguan and Jiangmen as well as previously established operations in Shanghai, Foshan, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. AIG also expects India, Korea and Vietnam to offer additional opportunities for growth.
Asia, the largest region of Foreign Life, had good operating income and premium growth in the first six months of 2003. The outbreak of SARS in Asia, which has since abated, had a short term impact on first year life insurance policy sales earlier in 2003. The SARS epidemic has, however, heightened the awareness of the importance of protection policies, and AIG has introduced a series of new products to serve this need.
AIG expects that ILFC will continue its growth and operating profitability even as the airline industry remains under stress. ILFC derives over 80 percent of its lease revenues from foreign carriers, thus limiting its exposure to the domestic commercial aviation market which is more depressed than the rest of the industry. AIG is also optimistic about opportunities for growth in its consumer finance business both domestically and through continued expansion of overseas credit card operations and alternative distribution systems such as the use of the Internet. During 2003, AIG also expects to expand its recently formed international retirement savings operations.
Critical Accounting Estimates
AIG considers its most critical accounting estimates those with respect to reserves for losses and loss expenses, future policy benefits for life and accident and health contracts, deferred policy acquisition costs, and fair value determinations with respect to certain assets and liabilities of certain of the subsidiaries of AIG’s financial services operations. These accounting estimates require the use of assumptions about matters some of which are highly uncertain at the time of estimation. To the extent actual experience differs from the assumptions used, AIG’s results of operations would be directly impacted.
Throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, AIG’s critical accounting estimates are discussed in significant detail. The major categories for which assumptions are developed and used to establish each critical accounting estimate are highlighted below.
Reserves for Losses and Loss Expenses (General Insurance):
Future Policy Benefits for Life and Accident and Health Contracts (Life Insurance):
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Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (General Insurance, Life Insurance and Retirement Savings and Asset Management):
Fair Value Determinations of Certain Assets and Liabilities (Financial Services):
Operational Review
General Insurance Operations
AIG’s general insurance subsidiaries are multiple line companies writing substantially all lines of property and casualty insurance.
Domestic general insurance operations are comprised of the Domestic Brokerage Group (DBG), which includes The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company (HSB); Transatlantic Holdings, Inc. (Transatlantic); Personal Lines, including 21st Century Insurance Group (21st Century); and Mortgage Guaranty.
DBG is AIG’s primary domestic general division. DBG writes substantially all classes of business insurance accepting such business mainly from insurance brokers. This provides DBG the opportunity to select specialized markets and retain underwriting control. Any licensed broker is able to submit business to DBG without the traditional agent-company contractual relationship, but such broker usually has no authority to commit DBG to accept a risk.
Transatlantic offers through its reinsurance company subsidiaries reinsurance capacity, both domestically and overseas, on treaty and facultative basis for a full range of property and casualty products.
Personal Lines engages in the mass marketing of personal lines insurance, primarily private passenger auto and homeowners and personal umbrella coverages.
Mortgage Guaranty provides guaranty insurance primarily on conventional first mortgage loans on single family dwellings and condominiums.
AIG’s Foreign General insurance group accepts risks primarily underwritten through American International Underwriters (AIU), a marketing unit consisting of wholly-owned agencies and insurance entities. The Foreign General insurance group also includes business written by AIG’s foreign-based insurance subsidiaries for their own accounts. The Foreign General insurance group uses various marketing methods to write both business and personal lines insurance with certain refinements for local laws, customs and needs. AIU operates in over 70 countries in Asia, the Pacific Rim, Europe, Africa, Middle East and Latin America. (See also Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
General insurance operations for the six month periods ending June 30, 2003 and 2002 were as follows:
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General Insurance Results
During the first six months of 2003, net premiums written and net premiums earned increased 30.3 percent and 32.3 percent, respectively, from those of 2002.
Commencing in the latter part of 1999 and continuing through and into the current quarter, the commercial property-casualty market place has experienced rate increases. Virtually all areas of DBG have experienced rate increases, as well as maintaining an excellent retention rate for desired renewal business. The vast majority of the increase in the first six months of 2003 resulted from rate increases with respect to renewed business. Overall, DBG’s net premiums written increased $2.47 billion or 34.7 percent in the first six months of 2003 over 2002. Adjusting this growth for cancelled or non-renewed business, such growth would have approximated 40 percent.
Personal Lines’ net premiums written increased 16.4 percent or $251 million in the first six months of 2003 from 2002, reflecting auto insurance rate increases in many states.
Foreign General insurance net premiums written increased 27.5 percent and net premiums earned increased 35.2 percent in the first six months of 2003 when compared to the same period of 2002.
Net premiums written growth was most significant in Continental Europe and the United Kingdom. The product lines that had significant growth were excess casualty and financial lines.
In comparing the average foreign currency exchange rates used to translate the results of AIG’s foreign general operations during the first six months of 2003 to those average foreign currency exchange rates used to translate AIG’s Foreign General results during the same period of 2002, the U.S. dollar weakened slightly in value in relation to most major foreign currencies in which AIG transacts business. Accordingly, when foreign net premiums written were translated into U.S. dollars for the purposes of the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, total general insurance net premiums written were approximately 2.0 percentage points more than they would have been if translated utilizing those average foreign currency exchange rates which prevailed during that same period of 2002.
Net premiums written are initially deferred and earned based upon the terms of the underlying policies. The net unearned premium reserve constitutes deferred revenues which are generally earned ratably over the policy period. Thus, the net unearned premium reserve is not fully recognized as net premiums earned until the end of the policy period.
AIG, along with most general insurance entities, uses the loss ratio, the expense ratio and the combined ratio as measures of performance. The loss ratio is the sum of losses and loss expenses incurred divided by net premiums earned. The expense ratio is statutory underwriting expenses divided by net premiums written. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio and the expense ratio. These ratios are relative measurements that describe for every $100 of net premiums earned or written, the cost of losses and statutory expenses, respectively. The combined ratio presents the total cost per $100 of premium production. A combined ratio below 100 demonstrates underwriting profit; a combined ratio above 100 demonstrates underwriting loss.
The statutory general insurance ratios for the six months ending June 30, 2003 and 2002 were as follows:
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The domestic and foreign combined ratios improved over last year’s primarily due to the growth in net premiums exceeding the growth in expenses, as well as heightened expense control.
AIG believes that underwriting profit is the true measure of the performance of the core business of a general insurance company.
Underwriting profit is measured in two ways: statutory underwriting profit and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) underwriting profit.
Statutory underwriting profit is arrived at by reducing net premiums earned by net losses and loss expenses incurred and net expenses incurred. Statutory accounting differs from GAAP, as statutory accounting, in general, requires immediate expense recognition and ignores the matching of revenues and expenses as required by GAAP. That is, for statutory purposes, expenses are recognized immediately, not over the same period that the revenues are earned.
A basic premise of GAAP accounting is the recognition of expenses at the same time revenues are earned, the principle of matching. Therefore, to convert underwriting results to a GAAP basis, acquisition expenses are deferred (deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC)) and amortized over the period the related premiums written are earned. Accordingly, statutory underwriting profit is adjusted as a result of acquisition expenses being deferred as required by GAAP. DAC is reviewed for recoverability and such review requires management judgment.
A major part of the discipline of a successful general insurance company is to produce an underwriting profit, exclusive of investment income. When underwriting is not profitable, premiums are inadequate to pay for losses and expenses. Therefore, investment income must be used to cover underwriting losses. If assets and the income therefrom are insufficient to pay claims and expenses over extended periods, an insurance company cannot survive. For these reasons, AIG views its underwriting operations separately from its investment operations. (See also the discussion under “Liquidity” herein.)
The underwriting environment varies from country to country, as does the degree of litigation activity. Regulation, product type and competition have a direct impact on pricing and consequently profitability as reflected by underwriting profit and statutory general insurance ratios.
The effects of catastrophes incurred in the first six months of 2003 and 2002 were insignificant. With respect to catastrophe losses, AIG believes that it has taken appropriate steps to reduce the magnitude of possible future losses. The occurrence of one or more catastrophic events of unanticipated frequency or severity, such as a terrorist attack, earthquake, or hurricane, that causes insured losses, however, could have a material adverse effect on AIG’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition. Current techniques and models may not accurately predict in the future the probability of catastrophic events and the extent of the resulting losses. Moreover, one or more catastrophe losses could impact negatively AIG’s reinsurers and result in an inability of AIG to collect reinsurance recoverables. The impact of losses caused by catastrophes can fluctuate widely from period to period, making comparisons of recurring type business more difficult.
General insurance net investment income in the first six months of 2003 increased 6.3 percent when compared to the same period of 2002. The invested cash flow resulting from the growth in net premiums written in this and prior periods had a positive impact on net investment income. (See also the discussion under “Liquidity” herein.)
General insurance realized capital losses were $256 million and $282 million in the first six months of 2003 and 2002, respectively. These realized capital losses resulted from the ongoing management of the general insurance investment portfolios within the overall objectives of the general insurance operations and reflect continued weakness in the equity markets and impairment loss provisions for both equity and fixed income holdings. (See the discussion on “Valuation of Invested Assets” herein.)
General insurance operating income for the first six months of 2003 increased 26.0 percent to
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Reinsurance
AIG is a major purchaser of reinsurance for its general insurance operations. AIG is cognizant of the need to exercise good judgment in the selection and approval of both domestic and foreign companies participating in its reinsurance programs. AIG insures general risks in over 70 countries and its reinsurance programs must be coordinated in order to provide AIG the level of reinsurance protection that AIG desires. These reinsurance arrangements do not relieve AIG from its direct obligations to its insureds.
AIG’s general reinsurance assets amounted to $30.35 billion at June 30, 2003 and resulted from AIG’s reinsurance arrangements. Thus, a credit exposure existed at June 30, 2003 with respect to reinsurance recoverable to the extent that any reinsurer may not be able to reimburse AIG under the terms of these reinsurance arrangements. AIG manages its credit risk in its reinsurance relationships by transacting with reinsurers that it considers financially sound, and when necessary AIG holds substantial collateral in the form of funds, securities and/or irrevocable letters of credit. This collateral can be drawn on for amounts that remain unpaid beyond specified time periods on an individual reinsurer basis. At December 31, 2002, approximately 40 percent of the general reinsurance assets were from unauthorized reinsurers. In order to obtain statutory recognition, the majority of these balances were collateralized. The remaining 60 percent of the general reinsurance assets were from authorized reinsurers and over 90 percent of such balances are from reinsurers rated A-(excellent) or better, as rated by A.M. Best. Through June 30, 2003, these distribution percentages have not changed significantly. This rating is a measure of financial strength. The terms authorized and unauthorized pertain to regulatory categories, not creditworthiness.
AIG’s allowance for estimated unrecoverable reinsurance has not changed significantly from December 31, 2002 when AIG had allowances for unrecoverable reinsurance approximating $120 million. At June 30, 2003, AIG had no significant reinsurance recoverables from any individual reinsurer which is financially troubled (e.g., liquidated, insolvent, in receivership or otherwise subject to formal or informal regulatory restriction).
AIG’s Reinsurance Security Department conducts ongoing detailed assessments of the reinsurance markets and current and potential reinsurers, both foreign and domestic. Such assessments include, but are not limited to, identifying if a reinsurer is appropriately licensed, and has sufficient financial capacity, and the local economic environment in which a foreign reinsurer operates. This department also reviews the nature of the risks ceded and the need for collateral. In addition, AIG’s Credit Risk Committee reviews the credit limits for and concentrations with any one reinsurer.
AIG enters into certain intercompany reinsurance transactions for its general and life operations. AIG enters these transactions as a sound and prudent business practice in order to maintain underwriting control and spread insurance risk among various legal entities. These reinsurance agreements have been approved by the appropriate regulatory authorities. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
At June 30, 2003, the general reinsurance assets of $30.35 billion include reinsurance recoverables for paid losses and loss expenses of $3.84 billion and $22.54 billion with respect to the ceded reserve for losses and loss expenses, including ceded losses incurred but not reported (IBNR) (ceded reserves). The ceded reserves represent the accumulation of estimates of ultimate ceded losses including provisions for ceded IBNR and loss expenses. The methods used to determine such estimates and to establish the resulting ceded reserves are continually reviewed and updated. Any adjustments thereto are reflected in income currently. It is AIG’s belief that the ceded reserves at June 30, 2003 were representative of the ultimate losses recoverable. In the future, as the ceded reserves continue to develop to ultimate amounts, the ultimate loss recoverable may be greater or less than the reserves currently ceded.
Reserve for Losses and Loss Expenses
The table below classifies as of June 30, 2003 the components of the general insurance reserve for
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These loss reserves represent the accumulation of estimates of ultimate losses, including IBNR and loss expenses. Certain of these loss reserves are discounted. These discounted reserves relate primarily to certain workers’ compensation claims.
At June 30, 2003, general insurance net loss reserves increased $2.74 billion from prior year end to $33.09 billion. The net loss reserves represent loss reserves reduced by reinsurance recoverables, net of an allowance for unrecoverable reinsurance. The methods used to determine such estimates and to establish the resulting reserves are continually reviewed and updated. Any adjustments resulting therefrom are reflected in operating income currently. It is management’s belief that the general insurance net loss reserves are adequate to cover all general insurance net losses and loss expenses as at June 30, 2003. There can be no assurance that AIG’s ultimate loss reserves will not adversely develop and materially exceed AIG’s loss reserves as of June 30, 2003. In the future, if the general insurance net loss reserves develop deficiently, such deficiency would have an adverse impact on future results of operations.
In a very broad sense, the general loss reserves can be categorized into two distinct groups, one group being long tail casualty lines of business. Such lines include excess and umbrella liability, directors and officers’ liability, professional liability, medical malpractice, general liability, products’ liability, and related classes. The other group is short tail lines of business consisting principally of property lines, personal lines and certain classes of casualty lines.
Estimation of ultimate net losses and loss expenses (net losses) for long tail casualty lines of business is a complex process and depends on a number of factors, including the line and volume of the business involved. In the more recent accident years of long tail casualty lines there is limited statistical credibility in reported net losses. That is, a relatively low proportion of net losses would be reported claims and expenses and an even smaller proportion would be net losses paid. A relatively high proportion of net losses would therefore be IBNR.
AIG’s carried net long tail loss reserves are judgmentally set using the most appropriate loss trend factors for each class of business. A variety of actuarial methods and assumptions are normally employed to estimate net losses carried for long tail casualty lines. These methods ordinarily involve the use of loss trend factors intended to reflect the estimated annual growth in loss costs from one accident year to the next. For the majority of long tail casualty lines, net loss trend factors approximated six percent. Loss trend factors reflect many items including changes in claims handling, exposure and policy forms; current and future estimates of monetary inflation and social inflation and increases in litigation and awards. These factors are periodically reviewed and subsequently adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect emerging trends which are based upon past loss experience. Thus, many factors are implicitly considered in estimating the year to year growth in loss costs recognized.
AIG annually reviews the adequacy of established loss reserves. This review does not calculate a range of loss reserve estimates as developing a range of loss reserve estimates would not be meaningful. This is because AIG’s general insurance business is primarily in long tail casualty lines driven almost entirely by severity rather than frequency of claims. Rather an estimate is calculated which AIG’s actuaries believe provides a reasonable estimate of the required reserve. This amount is evaluated against actual carried reserves. If there is a significant disparity, an adjustment is made to the carried reserves.
A number of actuarial assumptions are made in the review of reserves for each individual segment. For segments in longer tail lines of business, actua-
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To the extent the actual loss development factors, loss trend factors, or other factors used to establish expected loss ratios differ from those assumed in AIG’s loss reserve studies, AIG’s loss reserve position would be directly impacted. While it may be possible to assume loss reserve “ranges” for high frequency, shorter tail classes of business, it is AIG’s judgment that the concept of a meaningful loss reserve range does not apply to low frequency, high severity, long tail classes such as Excess Casualty and Directors and Officers Liability (D & O). The past decade has shown that actual loss trends for these classes of business from year to year, and the resulting adequacy of expected loss ratios and of the resulting carried loss reserves, cannot reasonably be expected to fall within any particular range. For example, loss costs nearly doubled during just a three accident year period for AIG’s Excess Casualty and D & O segments, while loss costs for these same two classes actually declined for several years in the early 1990s. The causes of this increase in loss costs include irrational jury awards and liability inflation that could not have been anticipated in pricing (tort system out of control), an explosion in medical costs and related liabilities, and the dot.com bubble and corporate governance related issues that have affected D & O.
Additionally, it is important to note that most of AIG’s business falls into the category of longer tail lines of business. Due to the multitude of such classes and the volume of detail for each, it would not be possible to provide complete claim frequency, settlement, closure and other data for all such segments, nor does AIG believe that such disclosure by class of business would be meaningful or useful to the reader. It should be noted that none of the other segments or classes reflects the highly uncertain qualities that apply to the asbestos and environmental claims as more fully described below. For example, traditional actuarial methodologies can be applied to classes such as excess casualty, directors and officers liability, healthcare, and the other long tail coverages that AIG writes. These methodologies cannot be applied to asbestos and environmental exposures. Other than asbestos and environmental exposures, there is no area of significant exposure to AIG for which traditional actuarial methodologies cannot be applied.
The concerns noted above for longer tail casualty lines with respect to the limited statistical credibility of reported net losses generally do not apply to shorter tail lines. Estimation of net losses for short tail business is less complex than for long tail casualty lines. Loss cost trends for many property lines can generally be assumed to be similar to the growth in exposure of such lines. For example, if the fire insurance coverage remained proportional to the actual value of the property, the growth in the property’s exposure to fire loss can be approximated by the amount of insurance purchased.
Asbestos and Environmental Claims
AIG continues to receive claims asserting injuries from toxic waste, hazardous substances, and other environmental pollutants and alleged damages to cover the cleanup costs of hazardous waste dump sites (hereinafter referred to collectively as environmental claims) and indemnity claims asserting injuries from asbestos.
The vast majority of these asbestos and environmental claims emanate from policies written in 1984 and prior years. AIG established over a decade ago specialized toxic tort and environmental claim units, which investigate and adjust all such asbestos
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Estimation of asbestos and environmental claims loss reserves is a difficult process. These asbestos and environmental claims cannot be estimated by conventional reserving techniques as previously described. Quantitative techniques frequently have to be supplemented by subjective considerations including managerial judgment. Significant factors which affect the trends which influence the development of asbestos and environmental claims are the inconsistent court resolutions and judicial interpretations which broaden the intent of the policies and scope of coverage. The current case law can be characterized as still evolving and there is little likelihood that any firm direction will develop in the near future. Additionally, the exposure for cleanup costs of hazardous waste dump sites involves issues such as allocation of responsibility among potentially responsible parties and the government’s refusal to release parties.
In the interim, AIG and other industry members have and will continue to litigate the broadening judicial interpretation of the policy coverage and the liability issues. At the current time, it is not possible to determine the future development of asbestos and environmental claims with the same degree of reliability as is the case for other types of claims. Such development will be affected by the extent to which courts continue to expand the intent of the policies and the scope of the coverage, as they have in the past, as well as by the changes in Superfund and waste dump site coverage issues. Although the estimated liabilities for these claims are subject to a significantly greater margin of error than for other claims, the reserves carried for these claims at June 30, 2003 are believed to be adequate as these reserves are based on the known facts and current law. Furthermore, as AIG’s net exposure retained relative to the gross exposure written was lower in 1984 and prior years, the potential impact of these claims is much smaller on the net loss reserves than on the gross loss reserves. In the future, if the environmental claims develop deficiently, such deficiency would have an adverse impact on future results of operations. (See the previous discussion on reinsurance collectibility herein.)
The majority of AIG’s exposures for asbestos and environmental claims are excess casualty coverages, not primary coverages. Thus, the litigation costs are treated in the same manner as indemnity reserves. That is, litigation expenses are included within the limits of the liability AIG incurs. Individual significant claim liabilities, where future litigation costs are reasonably determinable, are established on a case basis.
In asbestos, for example, AIG has resolved all claims with respect to miners and product manufacturers (Tier I), for which payments are completed or reserves are established to cover future payment obligations. Asbestos claims with respect to products containing asbestos (Tier 2) accounts are generally very mature losses, and have been appropriately recognized and reserved by AIG’s asbestos claims operation. AIG believes that the vast majority of the incoming claims, with respect to products containing small amounts of asbestos and companies in the distribution chain and parties with remote, ill-defined involvement with asbestos (Tier 3 and 4), should not impact its coverage; this is due to a combination of factors, including the increasingly peripheral companies being named in asbestos litigation, smaller limits issued to peripheral defendants, tenuous liability cases against peripheral defendants, attachment points of the excess policies, and the manner in which resolution of these weaker cases would be allocated among all insurers, including non-AIG companies, over a long period of time.
A summary of reserve activity for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, including estimates for applicable IBNR, relating to asbestos and environmental claims separately and combined, is as follows:
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The gross and net IBNR included in the aforementioned reserve for losses and loss expenses at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were estimated as follows:
A summary of asbestos and environmental claims count activity for the six month periods ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 was as follows:
A.M. Best, an insurance rating agency, has developed a survival ratio to measure the number of years it would take a company to exhaust both its asbestos and environmental reserves for losses and loss expenses based on that company’s current level of asbestos and environmental claims payments. This is a ratio derived by taking the current ending losses and loss expense reserves and dividing by the average annual payments for the prior three years. Therefore, the ratio derived is a simplistic measure of an estimate of the number of years it would be before the current ending losses and loss expense reserves would be paid off using recent average payments. The higher the ratio, the more years the reserves for losses and loss expenses cover these claims payments. These ratios are computed based on the ending reserves for losses and loss expenses over the respective claims settlements during the fiscal year. Such payments include indemnity payments and legal and loss adjustment payments. It should be noted, however, that this is an extremely simplistic approach to measuring asbestos and environmental reserve levels. Many factors, such as aggressive settlement procedures, mix of business and level of coverage provided, have significant impact on the amount of asbestos and environmental losses and loss expense reserves, ultimate payments thereof and the resultant ratio.
The developed survival ratios include both involuntary and voluntary indemnity payments. Involuntary payments are primarily attributable to court judgments, court orders, covered claims with no coverage defenses, state mandated cleanup costs, claims where AIG’s coverage defenses are minimal, and settlements made less than six months before the first trial setting. Also, AIG considers all legal and loss adjustment payments as involuntary.
AIG believes voluntary indemnity payments should be excluded from the survival ratio. The special asbestos and environmental claims unit actively manages AIG’s asbestos and environmental claims and proactively pursues early settlement of environmental claims for all known and unknown sites. As a result, AIG reduces its exposure to future environmental loss contingencies.
AIG’s survival ratios for involuntary asbestos and environmental claims, separately and combined, were based upon a three year average payment. These ratios at June 30, 2003 and 2002 were as follows:
AIG’s operations are negatively impacted under guarantee fund assessment laws which exist in most states. As a result of operating in a state which has guarantee fund assessment laws, a solvent
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AIG is also required to participate in various involuntary pools (principally workers’ compensation business) which provide insurance coverage for those not able to obtain such coverage in the voluntary markets. This participation is also recorded upon notification, as these amounts cannot reasonably be estimated.
Life Insurance Operations
AIG’s life insurance subsidiaries offer a wide range of traditional insurance and financial and investment products. Traditional products consist of individual and group life, annuity, endowment and accident and health policies. Financial and investment products consist of fixed and variable annuities, guaranteed investment contracts and pensions.
AIG’s three principal overseas life operations are American Life Insurance Company (ALICO), American International Assurance Company, Limited together with American International Assurance Company (Bermuda) Limited (AIA) and Nan Shan Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (Nan Shan). ALICO is incorporated in Delaware and all of its business is written outside of the United States. ALICO has operations either directly or through subsidiaries in approximately 50 countries located in Europe, Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, the Middle East, and the Far East, with Japan being the largest territory. In 2001, AIG added significantly to its presence in Japan with the acquisition of AIG Star Life Insurance Co., Ltd., (AIG Star Life) as a result of the reorganization of Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Company. AIA operates primarily in China (including Hong Kong), Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. Nan Shan operates in Taiwan. AIG’s principal domestic life insurance subsidiaries include AIG American General Life Companies, AIG Annuity Insurance Company and SunAmerica Life Insurance Company. These companies utilize multiple distribution channels including brokerage and career and general agents to offer traditional life products as well as financial investment products. (See also Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
Life insurance operations presented on a major product basis for the six month periods ending June 30, 2003 and 2002 were as follows:
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Life Insurance Results
Life insurance operating income increased 8.3 percent to $2.76 billion during the first six months of 2003 when compared to the same period last year.
The contribution of life insurance operating income to AIG’s consolidated income before income taxes and minority interest amounted to 43.4 percent during the first six months of 2003 compared to 44.4 percent in the same period of 2002. Contributing to the group’s performance were improved profit margins resulting from expense reductions, redeployment of invested assets achieving increased yields, monitoring of crediting rates to maintain margins and increased production of protection policies in Asia.
AIG’s GAAP life premiums during the first six months of 2003 increased by $1.2 billion, representing a 12.0 percent increase from the same period in 2002. Domestically, the growth is predominantly attributable to the Pension & Investment Products (which include structured settlements), Life Insurance and Group Life/Health. With respect to the Foreign Life segment, the majority of the growth was attributable to the Life Insurance and Personal Accident lines of business. This growth was most significant in Southeast Asia where AIG maintains significant market share established by its strong agency force and in Japan where AIG is benefiting from a flight to quality. Foreign life operations produced 77.1 percent and 77.3 percent of AIG’s consolidated GAAP life premiums in 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The traditional life products, particularly individual life products as well as personal accident, were major contributors to the growth in foreign premiums. These traditional life products, coupled with the increased distribution of financial and investment products contributed to the growth in foreign investment income. A mixture of traditional, accident and health and financial products are being sold in Japan through ALICO and AIG Star Life.
Since AIG purchased AIG Star Life, a part of income earned by AIG Star Life has resulted from surrender charges earned on policies that were either surrendered or lapsed. This favorable impact on operating income was anticipated when AIG took control. As these surrenders diminish in subsequent periods, operating income from that source will also be impacted. The majority of AIG Star Life’s future income is expected to be related to continuing premiums paid on renewal business, and new business to be generated from a growing agency force.
As previously discussed, the U.S. dollar weakened slightly in value in relation to most major foreign currencies in which AIG transacts business. Accordingly, for the first six months of 2003, when foreign life premiums were translated into U.S. dollars for purposes of the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, total life premiums were approximately 2.6 percentage points more than they would have been if translated utilizing average exchange rates prevailing in 2002.
Life insurance net investment income increased 12.5 percent during the first six months of 2003. The growth in net investment income was attributable to both foreign and domestic invested new cash flow for investment as well as returns on nontraditional investments. This cash flow was generated from life insurance operations and included the compounding of previously earned and reinvested net investment income. (See also the discussion under “Liquidity” herein.)
Life insurance realized capital losses for the first six months were $516 million in 2003 and $339 million in 2002. These realized capital losses resulted from the ongoing management of the life insurance investment portfolios within the overall objectives of the life insurance operations and reflect continued weakness in the equity markets and impairment loss provisions for both equity and fixed income holdings. (See the discussion on “Valuation of Invested Assets” herein.)
Underwriting and Investment Risk
The risks associated with the traditional life and accident and health products are underwriting risk and investment risk. The risk associated with the financial and investment contract products is primarily investment risk.
Underwriting risk represents the exposure to loss resulting from the actual policy experience adversely emerging in comparison to the assumptions made in the product pricing associated with mortality, morbidity, termination and expenses. AIG’s foreign life companies limit their maximum underwriting exposure on traditional life insurance of a single life to approximately $1.5 million of coverage and AIG’s domestic life companies limit their maximum underwriting exposure on traditional life insurance of a single life to $2.5 million of coverage by using yearly renewable term reinsurance.
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The investment risk represents the exposure to loss resulting from the cash flows from the invested assets, primarily long-term fixed rate investments, being less than the cash flows required to meet the obligations of the expected policy and contract liabilities and the necessary return on investments.
To minimize its exposure to investment risk, AIG tests the cash flows from the invested assets and the policy and contract liabilities using various interest rate scenarios to assess whether there is a liquidity excess or deficit. If a rebalancing of the invested assets to the policy and contract claims became necessary and did not occur, a demand could be placed upon liquidity. (See also the discussion under “Liquidity” herein.)
The asset-liability relationship is appropriately managed in AIG’s foreign operations, as it has been throughout AIG’s history, even though certain territories lack qualified long-term investments or there are investment restrictions imposed by the local regulatory authorities. For example, in Japan and several Southeast Asia territories, the duration of the investments is often for a shorter period than the effective maturity of the related policy liabilities. Therefore, there is a risk that the reinvestment of the proceeds at the maturity of the initial investments may be at a yield below that of the interest required for the accretion of the policy liabilities. Additionally, there exists a future investment risk associated with certain policies currently in force which will have premium receipts in the future. That is, the investment of these future premium receipts may be at a yield below that required to meet future policy liabilities.
To maintain an adequate yield to match the interest necessary to support future policy liabilities, constant management focus is required to reinvest the proceeds of the maturing securities and to invest the future premium receipts while continuing to maintain satisfactory investment quality.
To the extent permitted under local regulation, AIG may invest in qualified longer-term securities outside Japan to achieve a closer matching in both duration and the required yield. AIG is able to manage any asset-liability duration difference through maintenance of sufficient global liquidity and to support any operational shortfall through its international financial network. (See also the discussion under “Liquidity” herein.)
The asset-liability relationship is appropriately managed in AIG’s domestic operations, as there is ample supply of qualified long-term investments.
AIG uses asset-liability matching as a management tool worldwide to determine the composition of the invested assets and appropriate marketing strategies. As a part of these strategies, AIG may determine that it is economically advantageous to be temporarily in an unmatched position due to anticipated interest rate or other economic changes.
For the ALICO operations in Japan, the variable life contract separate account fund performance has varied from the level assumed in the original pricing of the product. Thus, a general account liability has been established for the potential shortfall of future contract revenues. The ultimate liability is predominately dependent upon the fund performance in the future.
Deferred policy acquisition costs (DAC) for life insurance products arises from the deferral of those costs that vary with, and are directly related to, the acquisition of new or renewal business. Policy acquisition costs for traditional life insurance products are generally deferred and amortized over the premium paying period of the policy. Policy acquisition costs which relate to universal life and investment-type products (non-traditional life products) are deferred and amortized, with interest, in relation to the historical and future incidence of estimated gross profits to be realized over the estimated lives of the contracts. Estimated gross profits include investment income and gains and losses on investments less interest required as well as other charges in the contract less actual mortality and expenses. Current experience and changes in the expected future gross profits are analyzed to determine the impact on the amortization of DAC. The estimation of projected gross profits requires significant management judgment. The elements with respect to the current and projected gross profits are reviewed and analyzed quarterly and are appropriately adjusted.
DAC for both traditional life and non-traditional life products are subject to review for recoverability, which involve estimating the future profitability of current business. This review also involves significant management judgment.
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Financial Services Operations
AIG’s financial services subsidiaries engage in diversified financial products and services including aircraft leasing, consumer and insurance premium financing, and capital markets structuring and market-making activities.
International Lease Finance Corporation (ILFC) engages primarily in the acquisition of commercial jet aircraft and the leasing and remarketing of such aircraft to airlines around the world. Also, ILFC provides, for a fee, fleet management services to certain third-party operators. (See also Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
AIG Financial Products Corp. and its subsidiaries (AIGFP) structure financial transactions, including long-dated interest rate and currency swaps and structured borrowings through notes, bonds and guaranteed investment agreements. AIGFP does not engage in trading activities with respect to commodity contracts. AIG Trading Group Inc. and its subsidiaries (AIGTG) engage in various commodity and foreign exchange trading and market making activities. (See also Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
AIG’s Consumer Finance operations include American General Finance, Inc. and its subsidiaries (AGF) as well as AIG Consumer Finance Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (CFG). AGF and CFG provide a wide variety of consumer finance products, including mortgages, consumer loans, retail sales finance and credit related insurance to customers both domestically and overseas, particularly in emerging markets. (See also Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
Financial services operations for the six month periods ending June 30, 2003, and 2002 were as follows:
Financial Services Results
Financial services operating income increased 13.5 percent in the first six months of 2003 over the same period of 2002. Financial services operating income represented 18.2 percent of AIG’s consolidated income before income taxes and minority interest in the first six months of 2003. This compares to 17.7 percent in the same period of 2002.
ILFC generates its revenues primarily from leasing new and used commercial jet aircraft to domestic and foreign airlines. Revenues also result from the remarketing of commercial jets for its own account, for airlines and for financial institutions. Revenues in the first six months of 2003 increased 8.8 percent from the same period of 2002. The revenue growth resulted primarily from the increase in flight equipment under operating lease and the increase in the relative cost of the leased fleet. ILFC has historically derived over 80 percent of its lease revenues with respect to flight equipment from airlines based outside the United States and is not significantly exposed to current domestic airline difficulties. Passenger miles in Asia, a major market for ILFC, have increased substantially as the risk of SARS has abated.
ILFC typically contracts to re-lease aircraft before the end of the existing lease term. For aircraft returned before the end of the lease term, ILFC has generally been able to re-lease such aircraft within two to six months of its return. While some of the lease rates for aircraft that have been redeployed are lower, this is partially offset by low interest rates, which reduce ILFC’s financing costs. As a lessor, ILFC considers an aircraft “idle” or “off lease” when the aircraft is not subject to a signed lease agreement or signed letter of intent. ILFC had two aircraft off lease at June 30, 2003 which had been off lease for less than three months. As of July 23, 2003, one of the two unleased aircraft was placed. All new and used aircraft deliveries in 2003 have been placed, and 78 percent of 2004 new aircraft deliveries have been leased.
ILFC management is very active in the airline industry. Management formally reviews regularly, and no less frequently than quarterly, issues affecting ILFC’s fleet, including events and circum-
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During the first six months of 2003, ILFC’s operating income decreased 6.0 percent from the same period of 2002 principally due to the impact of certain bankruptcy and other settlements received in 2002.
ILFC finances its purchases of aircraft primarily through the issuance of a variety of debt instruments. The composite borrowing rates at the end of the first six months of 2003 and 2002 were 4.50 percent and 5.03 percent, respectively. (See also the discussions under “Capital Resources” and “Liquidity” herein and Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
ILFC is exposed to operating loss and liquidity strain through non-performance of aircraft lessees, through owning aircraft which it would be unable to sell or re-lease at acceptable rates at lease expiration and through committing to purchase aircraft which it would be unable to lease. ILFC manages its lessee non-performance exposure through credit reviews and security deposit requirements. As a result of these measures and its own contingency planning, ILFC did not suffer any material losses from airline shutdowns in the aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks, but there can be no assurance that ILFC will successfully manage the risks relating to the impact of possible future deterioration in the airline industry. Approximately 88 percent of ILFC’s fleet is leased to non-U.S. carriers, and this fleet, the most efficient in the airline industry, continues to be in high demand from carriers. (See also the discussions under “Capital Resources” and “Liquidity” herein.)
AIGFP participates in the derivatives dealer market conducting, primarily as principal, an interest rate, currency, equity and credit derivative products business. AIGFP also enters into structured transactions including long-dated forward foreign exchange contracts, option transactions, liquidity facilities and investment agreements and invests in a diversified portfolio of securities. AIGFP derives substantially all its revenues from proprietary positions entered in connection with counterparty transactions rather than from speculative transactions.
As a dealer, AIGFP marks its transactions daily to fair value. Thus, a gain or loss on each transaction is recognized daily. AIGFP hedges the market risks arising from its transactions. Therefore, revenues and operating income are not significantly exposed to or affected by market fluctuations and volatility. Revenues of AIGFP and the percentage change in revenues for any given period are significantly affected by the number and size of transactions entered into by AIGFP during that period relative to those entered into during the prior period. Operating income and the percentage change in operating income for any period are determined by the number, size and profitability of the transactions attributable to that period relative to those attributable to the prior period. The realization of operating income as measured by the receipt of funds over the course of time is not a significant reporting event as the profit or loss on each of AIGFP’s transactions has already been reflected in operating income at fair value at the inception.
AIGFP’s revenues in the first six months of 2003 increased 25.6 percent from the same period of 2002. During the first six months of 2003, operating income increased 26.3 percent from the same period of 2002. Such revenues and operating income resulted from AIGFP’s interest rate and credit segments. As AIGFP is a transaction-oriented operation, current and past revenues and operating results may not provide a basis for predicting future performance. The breakdown by percentage contribution of revenues and operating income for AIGFP in the first six months of 2003 and 2002 is set forth below. The percentages for operating income are the same as those for revenues because expenses are allocated across all products in proportion to the revenues generated by that product. Material changes in the distribution of revenues and operating income are not meaningful because of the transactional nature of AIGFP’s business.
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Financial market conditions in the first six months of 2003 compared with the comparable period in 2002 were characterized by lower interest rates across fixed income markets globally, a worldwide slump in credit prices combined with a widening of credit spreads, and lower equity valuations.
Derivative transactions are entered into in the ordinary course of AIGFP’s business. Therefore, income on interest rate, equity and credit derivatives along with their related hedges are recorded on a mark to market value or at estimated fair value where market prices are not readily available with the resulting unrealized gains or losses reflected in the income statement in the current year. In the first six months of 2003, less than five percent of revenues resulted from transactions valued at estimated fair value. The mark to fair value of derivative transactions is reflected in the balance sheet in the captions “Unrealized gain on interest rate and currency swaps, options and forward transactions” and “Unrealized loss on interest rate and currency swaps, options and forward transactions”. The unrealized gain represents the aggregate of each net receivable by counterparty, and the unrealized loss represents the aggregate of each net payable by counterparty. These amounts will change from one period to the next due to changes in interest rates, currency rates, equity prices and other market variables, as well as cash movements, execution of new transactions and the maturing of existing transactions. Spread income on investments and borrowings are recorded on an accrual basis over the life of the transaction. Investments are classified as available for sale securities and are marked to market with the resulting unrealized gains or losses reflected in the equity section.
The most significant component of AIGFP’s operating expenses is compensation, which approximated 31 percent and 34 percent of revenues in the first six months of 2003 and 2002, respectively. This decrease in percentage resulted from a change in the mix of the transactions attributable to each period.
Domestically, AIG’s consumer finance operations derive a substantial portion of their revenues from finance charges assessed on outstanding mortgages and finance receivables from the sub-prime market, while overseas operations are engaged in developing a multi-product consumer finance business with an emphasis on emerging markets. Revenues increased 5.4 percent in the first six months of 2003 from the same period in 2002; operating income increased 18.7 percent compared to the 2002 period. The increase in revenues was the result of growth in average finance receivables and credit quality continues to be strong. Further reductions of the cost to borrow led to an improvement in the operating income over the previous period.
Consumer finance operations are exposed to loss when contractual payments are not received. Collection exposure is managed through the mix of tight underwriting controls, types of loans and security thereon. (See also the discussions under “Capital Resources” and “Liquidity” herein and Note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.)
Retirement Savings & Asset Management Operations
AIG’s retirement savings & asset management operations offer a wide variety of investment products, including variable annuities, mutual funds, and investment asset management. Such products and services are offered to individuals and institutions both domestically and overseas.
AIG’s principal retirement savings & asset management operations are conducted through AIG SunAmerica Inc. (AIG SunAmerica), AIG VALIC, and AIG Global Investment Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Global Investment). AIG SunAmerica develops and sells variable annuities and other investment products, sells and manages mutual funds and provides financial services. AIG VALIC provides tax qualified annuities to the employees of educational, healthcare and governmental entities. Global Investment manages third-party institutional, retail and private equity funds invested assets on a global basis, provides securities lending and custodial services and organizes, and manages the invested assets of institutional private equity investment funds. Each of these subsidiary operations receives fees for investment products and services provided.
For variable annuities, AIG’s policy has been to adjust amortization assumptions for DAC when estimates of current or future gross profits to be realized from these contracts are revised. With respect to variable annuities sold domestically (representing the vast majority of AIG’s variable annuity business), the assumption for the long-term annual net growth rate of the equity markets used in the determination of DAC amortization is approximately 10 percent. A methodology referred to as
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A number of guaranteed minimum death benefits (GMDB) and other similar benefits are offered on variable annuities. GMDB-related contract benefits incurred, net of reinsurance were $42 million and $20 million for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. In accordance with GAAP, AIG expenses these benefits in the period paid.
Retirement savings & asset management operations for the six month periods ending June 30, 2003 and 2002 were as follows:
Retirement Savings & Asset Management Results
Retirement savings & asset management operating income in the first six months of 2003 increased 0.8 percent when compared to the same period of 2002. Equity markets have improved in recent months, although they remain below June 30, 2002 levels.
Retirement savings & asset management operating income represented 9.2 percent of AIG’s consolidated income before income taxes and minority interest in the first six months of 2003. This compares to 10.1 percent in the same period of 2002.
At June 30, 2003, AIG’s third party assets under management, including both retail mutual funds and institutional accounts, approximated $43 billion.
Other Operations
Other realized capital losses amounted to $216 million and $240 million in the first six months of 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Other income (deductions)-net includes income generated by the investment of capital held by AIG SunAmerica outside of its life insurance subsidiaries, AIG’s equity in certain minor majority-owned subsidiaries and certain partially-owned companies, realized foreign exchange transaction gains and losses in substantially all currencies and unrealized gains and losses in hyperinflationary currencies, as well as the income and expenses of the parent holding company and other miscellaneous income and expenses. In the first six months of 2003, other income (deductions) — net amounted to $(279) million. In the same period of 2002, other income (deductions) — net amounted to $(43) million. This decline was primarily the result of increases in pension, interest and administrative expenses.
Income before income taxes and minority interest amounted to $6.35 billion in the first six months of 2003 compared to $5.73 billion in the same period of 2002.
In the first six months of 2003, AIG recorded a provision for income taxes of $1.94 billion compared to the provision of $1.76 billion in the same period of 2002. These provisions represent effective tax rates of 30.5 percent in the first six months of 2003 and 30.8 percent in the same period of 2002.
Minority interest represents minority shareholders’ equity in income of certain majority-owned consolidated subsidiaries. Minority interest amounted to $188 million and $181 million in the first six months of 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Net income amounted to $4.23 billion in the first six months of 2003 and $3.78 billion in the same period of 2002. The increases in net income over the periods resulted from those factors described above.
Capital Resources
At June 30, 2003, AIG had total capital funds of $68.36 billion and total borrowings of $76.87 billion. At that date, $67.93 billion of such borrowings were either not guaranteed by AIG or were matched borrowings under obligations of guaranteed investment agreements (GIAs) or matched notes and bonds payable.
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Borrowings
Total borrowings and borrowings not guaranteed or matched at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were as follows:
During the first six months of 2003, AIGFP increased the aggregate principal amount outstanding of its notes and bonds payable to $17.46 billion. AIGFP uses the proceeds from the issuance of notes and bonds and GIA borrowings to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities and derivative transactions. The funds may also be temporarily invested in securities purchased under agreements to resell. (See also the discussions under “Operational Review”, “Liquidity” and “Derivatives” herein.)
ILFC and AGF as well as AIG Credit Card Company (Taiwan) — (AIGCCC-Taiwan) and AIG Finance (Taiwan) Limited — (AIGF-Taiwan), both consumer finance subsidiaries in Taiwan, have issued commercial paper for the funding of their own operations. At June 30, 2003, AIG did not guarantee the commercial paper of any of its subsidiaries other than Funding. On July 8, 2002, AGC ceased issuing commercial paper under its program. AGC’s funding
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The proceeds of ILFC’s debt financing are primarily used to purchase flight equipment, including progress payments during the construction phase. The primary sources for the repayment of this debt and the interest expense thereon are the cash flow from operations, proceeds from the sale of flight equipment and the rollover and refinancing of the prior debt. (See also the discussions under “Operational Review” and “Liquidity” herein.)
During the first six months of 2003, AIG did not issue any medium term notes and $174 million of previously issued notes matured. At June 30, 2003, AIG had $140 million in aggregate principal amount of debt securities registered for issuance from time to time. AIG has filed a universal shelf registration statement to sell up to $5.1 billion of debt securities, preferred and common stock and other securities. AIG has no current plans to issue the equity, equity-linked or capital securities in-
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On May 15, 2003, AIG sold $1.5 billion principal amount of notes in a Rule 144A/ Regulation S offering. $500 million of the notes bear interest at a rate of 2.875 percent per annum and mature in 2008 and $1.0 billion of the notes bear interest at a rate of 4.250 percent per annum and mature in 2013. The notes are senior unsecured obligations of AIG and rank equally with all of AIG’s other senior debt outstanding.
Capital Funds
AIG’s capital funds increased $9.25 billion during the first six months of 2003. Unrealized appreciation of investments, net of taxes increased $4.90 billion. During the first six months of 2003, the cumulative translation adjustment loss, net of taxes, decreased $377 million. The change from period to period with respect to the unrealized appreciation of investments, net of taxes was primarily impacted by the decrease in domestic interest rates. During the first six months of 2003, there was a gain of $94 million, net of taxes, relating to derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedging instruments. (See also the discussion under Notes to Financial Statements and the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.) During the first six months of 2003, retained earnings increased $3.99 billion, resulting from net income less dividends.
Stock Repurchase
Although AIG did not repurchase any shares of its common stock during the quarter ended June 30, 2003, AIG intends to continue to buy its common stock for general corporate purposes, including to satisfy its obligations under various employee benefit plans.
Dividends from Insurance Subsidiaries
Payments of dividends to AIG by its insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain restrictions imposed by statutory authorities. AIG has in the past reinvested most of its unrestricted earnings in its operations and believes such continued reinvestment in the future will be adequate to meet any foreseeable capital needs. However, AIG may choose from time to time to raise additional funds through the issuance of additional securities. At June 30, 2003, there were no significant statutory or regulatory issues which would impair AIG’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. To AIG’s knowledge, no AIG company is on any regulatory or similar “watch list”. (See also the discussion under “Liquidity” herein.)
Regulation and Supervision
AIG’s insurance subsidiaries, in common with other insurers, are subject to regulation and supervision by the states and jurisdictions in which they do business. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) has developed Risk-Based Capital (RBC) requirements. RBC relates an individual insurance company’s statutory surplus to the risk inherent in its overall operations. At June 30, 2003, the adjusted capital of each of AIG’s domestic general companies and of each of AIG’s domestic life companies exceeded each of their RBC standards. Federal, state or local legislation may affect AIG’s ability to operate and expand its various financial services businesses and changes in the current laws, regulations or interpretations thereof may have a material adverse effect on these businesses.
A substantial portion of AIG’s general insurance business and a majority of its life insurance business are conducted in foreign countries. The degree of regulation and supervision in foreign jurisdictions varies from minimal in some to stringent in others. Generally, AIG, as well as the underwriting companies operating in such jurisdictions, must satisfy local regulatory requirements. Licenses issued by foreign authorities to AIG subsidiaries are subject to modification and revocation. Thus, AIG’s insurance subsidiaries could be prevented from conducting future business in certain of the jurisdic-
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Contractual Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments
The maturity schedule of AIG’s most significant contractual obligations at June 30, 2003 is presented in the following table:
The maturity schedule of AIG’s most significant Other Commercial Commitments at June 30, 2003 is presented in the following table:
Special Purpose Vehicles
AIG uses special purposes vehicles (SPVs) primarily in connection with certain guaranteed investment contract programs (GIC Programs) written by its life insurance subsidiaries, certain products provided by AIGFP, and certain invested asset and asset management activities.
In the GIC Programs, AIG’s life insurance subsidiaries (principally SunAmerica Life Insurance Company) provide guaranteed investment contracts (GICs) to SPVs which are not controlled by AIG. The SPVs issue notes or bonds which are sold to third party institutional investors. Neither AIG nor the insurance company issuing the GICs has any obligation to the investors in the notes or bonds. The proceeds from the securities issued by the SPV are invested by the SPV in the GICs. The insurance company subsidiaries use their proceeds to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities, primarily investment grade bonds (see also the discussion under “Liquidity” and “Insurance Invested Assets” herein). Both the assets and the liabilities of the insurance companies arising from these GIC Programs are presented in AIG’s consolidated balance sheet. Thus, at June 30, 2003, approximately $31 billion of policyholders’ contract deposits represented liabilities from issuances of
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AIGFP uses SPVs as an integral part of its ongoing operations with respect to specific structured transactions with independent third parties. In most instances, AIGFP controls and manages the assets and liabilities with respect to these SPVs, subject to certain transaction specific limitations. These SPVs are fully consolidated by AIG (see the discussions of AIGFP under “Operations Review: Financial Services Operations”). AIGFP also sponsors an SPV that issues commercial paper and secured liquidity notes to third-party institutional investors. This SPV uses the proceeds of these offerings to obtain beneficial interests in certain financial assets (total assets of approximately $816 million), which serve as collateral for the securities issued by the SPV. AIGFP provides credit and liquidity support to this SPV, which is not consolidated by AIG.
AIG’s insurance operations also invest in assets of SPVs. These SPVs are established by unrelated third parties. Investments include collateralized mortgage backed securities and similar securities backed by pools of mortgages, consumer receivables or other assets. The investment in an SPV allows AIG’s insurance entities to purchase assets permitted by insurance regulations while maximizing the return on these assets.
AIG provides investment management services to certain SPVs. AIG receives management fees for these services and may take a minority ownership interest in these SPVs, which interests are then included as investments in AIG’s consolidated balance sheet. AIG services may be terminated with or without cause.
To facilitate and expand certain retirement savings & asset management activities, AIG establishes SPVs. AIG receives fees for management of the assets held in the SPV which support the issuance of securities such as collateralized bond obligations sold by the SPV to independent third party investors. These SPVs serve a variety of business purposes, including financing, liquidity, or to facilitate independent third party management participation.
AIG has established stringent guidelines with respect to the formation of and investment in SPVs. See also the discussion under “Accounting Standards” herein.
Liquidity
AIG’s liquidity is primarily derived from the operating cash flows of its general and life insurance operations.
At June 30, 2003, AIG’s consolidated invested assets included $14.03 billion of cash and short-term investments. Consolidated net cash provided from operating activities in the first six months of 2003 amounted to $13.11 billion.
Sources of funds considered in meeting the objectives of AIG’s financial services operations include guaranteed investment agreements, issuance of long-term and short-term debt, maturities and sales of securities available for sale, securities sold under repurchase agreements, trading liabilities, securities and spot commodities sold but not yet purchased, issuance of equity, and cash provided from such operations. AIG’s strong capital position is integral to managing this liquidity, as it enables AIG to raise funds in diverse markets worldwide. (See also the discussion under “Capital Resources” herein.)
Management believes that AIG’s liquid assets, its net cash provided by operations, and access to the capital markets will enable it to meet any foreseeable cash requirements.
The liquidity of the combined insurance operations is derived both domestically and abroad. The combined insurance operating cash flow is derived from two sources, underwriting operations and investment operations. In the aggregate, AIG’s insurance operations generated approximately $20.5 billion in pre-tax cash flow during the first six months of 2003. Cash flow includes periodic premium collections, including policyholders’ contract deposits, cash flows from investment operations and paid loss recoveries less reinsurance premiums, losses, benefits and acquisition and operating expenses. Generally, there is a time lag from when premiums are collected and, when as a result of the occurrence of events specified in the policy, the losses and benefits are paid. AIG’s insurance investment operations generated approximately $8.2 billion in investment income cash flow during the first six months of 2003. Investment income cash flow is primarily derived from interest and dividends received and includes realized capital gains net of realized capital losses.
With respect to general insurance operations, if paid losses accelerated beyond AIG’s ability to fund
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With respect to life insurance operations, if a substantial portion of the life insurance operations bond portfolio diminished significantly in value and/or defaulted, AIG would need to liquidate other portions of its life insurance investment portfolio and/or arrange financing. Potential events causing such a liquidity strain could be the result of economic collapse of a nation or region in which AIG life insurance operations exist, nationalization, terrorist acts or other such economic or political upheaval. (See also the discussions under “Operational Review: Life Insurance Operations” herein.)
In addition to the combined insurance pre-tax operating cash flow, AIG’s insurance operations held $12.70 billion in cash and short-term investments at June 30, 2003. Operating cash flow and the cash and short-term balances held provided AIG’s insurance operations with a significant amount of liquidity.
This liquidity is available, among other things, to purchase predominantly high quality and diversified fixed income securities and, to a lesser extent, marketable equity securities, and to provide mortgage loans on real estate, policy loans and collateral loans. This cash flow coupled with proceeds of approximately $66 billion from the maturities, sales and redemptions of fixed income securities and from the sale of equity securities was used to purchase approximately $86 billion of fixed income securities and marketable equity securities during the first six months of 2003.
Invested Assets
The following table is a summary of AIG’s invested assets by significant segment, including investment income due and accrued of $4.54 billion and $4.30 billion and real estate of $3.52 billion and $3.30 billion, respectively, at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002:
(dollars in millions)
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Insurance Invested Assets
The following tables summarize the composition of AIG’s insurance invested assets by insurance segment, including investment income due and accrued and real estate, at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002:
Generally, insurance regulations restrict the types of assets in which an insurance company may invest.
Fixed Maturity Investments
With respect to fixed maturities, AIG’s general strategy is to invest in high quality securities while maintaining diversification to avoid significant exposure to issuer, industry and/or country concentrations. With respect to general insurance, AIG’s strategy is to invest in longer duration fixed maturities to maximize the yields at the date of purchase. With respect to life insurance, AIG’s strategy is to produce cash flows required to meet maturing insurance liabilities. (See also the discussion under “Operational Review: Life Insurance Operations” herein.)
The fair value of the fixed maturity available for sale portfolio is subject to decline as interest rates rise and is subject to increase as interest rates decline. Such changes in fair value are presented as a component of comprehensive income in unrealized appreciation of investments, net of taxes.
Credit Quality
At June 30, 2003, approximately 69 percent of the fixed maturities investments were domestic securities. Approximately 32 percent of such domestic securities were rated AAA by one or more of the principal rating agencies. Approximately 10 percent were below investment grade or not rated.
A significant portion of the foreign insurance fixed income portfolio is rated by Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s (S&P) or similar foreign services. Similar credit quality rating services are not available in all overseas locations. AIG annually reviews the credit quality of the foreign portfolio nonrated
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Any fixed income security may be subject to downgrade for a variety of reasons subsequent to any balance sheet date.
Equity Investments
AIG invests in equities for various reasons, including diversifying its overall exposure to interest rate risk. Equity securities are subject to declines in fair value. Such declines in fair value are presented in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments, net of taxes as a component of comprehensive income.
Valuation of Invested Assets
The valuation of invested assets involves obtaining a market value for each security. The source for the market value is generally from market exchanges or dealer quotations, with the exception of non-traded securities.
Another aspect of valuation is an assessment of impairment. As a matter of policy, the determination that a security has incurred an other-than-temporary decline in value and the amount of any loss recognition requires the judgment of AIG’s management and a continual review of its investments.
In general, a security is considered a candidate for impairment if it meets any of the following criteria:
Once a security has been identified as potentially impaired, the amount of such impairment is determined by reference to that security’s contemporaneous market price. However, the market price following a significant credit event of any issuer may be volatile after such an event. Factors such as market liquidity, hedge fund activity, sensitivity to “headline” risk, and the widening of bid/ask spreads contribute to price volatility. Because of such volatility, the market price may not be indicative of the fair value of such an investment; and consequently, not indicative of a reasonable estimate of realizable value.
AIG has the ability to hold any security to its stated maturity. Therefore, the decision to sell reflects the judgment of AIG’s management that the security sold is unlikely to provide, on a relative value basis, as attractive a return in the future as alternative securities entailing comparable risks. With respect to distressed securities, the sale decision reflects management’s judgment that the risk-discounted anticipated ultimate recovery is less than the value achievable on sale.
As a result of these policies, AIG recorded in the first six months of 2003 impairment losses net of taxes of approximately $659 million.
No impairment charge with respect to any one single credit was significant to AIG’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations and no individual impairment loss exceeded 0.9 percent of consolidated net income for the first six months of 2003.
Excluding the impairments noted above, the changes in market value for AIG’s available for sale portfolio, which constitutes the vast majority of AIG’s investments, were recorded in equity as unrealized gains or losses.
At June 30, 2003, the unrealized losses after taxes of the fixed maturity securities were approximately $1.4 billion. At June 30, 2003, the unreal-
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At June 30, 2003, aggregate unrealized gains after taxes were $14.6 billion and aggregate unrealized losses after taxes were $1.6 billion. No single issuer accounted for more than five percent of the unrealized losses.
At June 30, 2003, the fair value of AIG’s fixed maturities and equity securities aggregated to $280.2 billion. Of this aggregate fair value, 1.0 percent represented securities trading at or below 75 percent of amortized cost or cost.
The impact on net income of unrealized losses after taxes will be further mitigated upon realization, because certain realized losses will be charged to participating policyholders accounts, or realization will result in current decreases in the amortization of certain deferred acquisition costs.
At June 30, 2003, the unrealized losses after taxes for fixed maturity securities and equity securities included the following industry concentrations:
The amortized cost of fixed maturities available for sale in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2003, by contractual maturity, is shown below.
In the six months ended June 30, 2003, the pre-tax realized losses incurred with respect to the sale of fixed maturities and equity securities were $1.9 billion. The aggregate fair value of securities sold was $11.7 billion, which was approximately 86 percent of amortized cost. The average period of time that securities sold at a loss during the six months ended June 30, 2003 were trading continuously at a price below book value was approximately seven months.
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At June 30, 2003, aggregate pre-tax unrealized gains were $22.4 billion, while the pre-tax unrealized losses with respect to investment grade bonds, below investment grade bonds and equity securities were $1.4 billion, $785 million and $303 million, respectively. Aging of the pre-tax unrealized losses with respect to these securities, distributed as a percentage of cost relative to unrealized loss (the extent by which the market value is less than amortized cost or cost), including the number of respective items, was as follows:
As stated previously, the valuation for AIG’s investment portfolio comes from market exchanges or dealer quotations, with the exception of non-traded securities. AIG considers non-traded securities to mean certain fixed income investments, certain structured securities, direct private equities, limited partnerships and hedge funds. The aggregate carrying value of these securities at June 30, 2003 was approximately $33.9 billion.
The methodology used to estimate fair value of non-traded fixed income investments is by reference to traded securities with similar attributes and using a matrix pricing methodology. This technique takes into account such factors as the industry, the security’s rating and tenor, its coupon rate, its position in the capital structure of the issuer, and other relevant factors. The change in fair value is recognized as a component of unrealized appreciation.
For certain structured securities, the carrying value is based on an estimate of the security’s future cash flows pursuant to the requirements of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 99-20 “Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets.” The change in carrying value is recognized in income.
Direct private equities, hedge funds and limited partnerships in which AIG holds in the aggregate less than a five percent interest, are carried at fair value. The change in fair value is recognized as a component of Other comprehensive income.
With respect to hedge funds and limited partnerships in which AIG holds in the aggregate a five percent or greater interest, AIG’s carrying value is the net asset value. The changes in such net asset values are recorded in income.
AIG obtains the fair value of its investments in limited partnerships and hedge funds from information provided by the sponsors of each of these
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Each of these investment categories is regularly tested to determine if impairment in value exists. Various valuation techniques are used with respect to each category in this determination.
Mortgage Investments
Mortgage loans on real estate, policy and collateral loans comprised 5.4 percent of AIG’s insurance invested assets at June 30, 2003. AIG’s insurance operations’ holdings of real estate mortgages amounted to $11.71 billion of which 88.0 percent was domestic. At June 30, 2003, only a nominal amount was in default. It is AIG’s practice to maintain a maximum loan to value ratio of 75 percent at loan origination. At June 30, 2003, AIG’s insurance holdings of collateral loans amounted to $1.33 billion, all of which were foreign. It is AIG’s strategy to enter into mortgage and collateral loans as an adjunct primarily to life insurance fixed maturity investments. AIG’s policy loans increased from $6.05 billion at December 31, 2002 to $6.10 billion at June 30, 2003.
Short-Term Investments
Short-term investments represent amounts invested in various internal and external money market funds, time deposits and cash held.
Real Estate Investments
AIG’s real estate investment properties are primarily occupied by AIG’s various operations. The current market value of these properties considerably exceeds their carrying value.
Other Investments
Other invested assets were primarily comprised of limited partnerships and hedge funds.
When permitted by regulatory authorities and when deemed necessary to protect insurance assets, including invested assets, from adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices, AIG and its insurance subsidiaries may enter into derivative transactions as end users. (See also the discussion under “Derivatives” herein.)
In certain jurisdictions, significant regulatory and/or foreign governmental barriers exist which may not permit the immediate free flow of funds between insurance subsidiaries or from the insurance subsidiaries to AIG parent. These barriers generally cause only minor delays in the outward remittance of the funds.
Managing Market Risk
AIG’s insurance operations are exposed to market risk. Market risk is the risk of loss of fair value resulting from adverse fluctuations in interest and foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices.
Measuring potential losses in fair values has recently become the focus of risk management efforts by many companies. Such measurements are performed through the application of various statistical techniques. One such technique is Value at Risk (VaR). VaR is a summary statistical measure that uses historical interest and foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices and estimates the volatility and correlation of each of these rates and prices to calculate the maximum loss that could occur over a defined period of time given a certain probability.
AIG believes that statistical models alone do not provide a reliable method of monitoring and controlling market risk. While VaR models are relatively sophisticated, the quantitative market risk information generated is limited by the assumptions and parameters established in creating the related models. Therefore, such models are tools and do not substitute for the experience or judgment of senior management.
AIG has performed a VaR analysis to estimate the maximum potential loss of fair value for each of AIG’s insurance segments and for each market risk within each insurance segment. In this analysis, financial instrument assets include the domestic and foreign invested assets excluding real estate and investment income due and accrued. Financial instrument liabilities include reserve for losses and loss expenses, reserve for unearned premiums, future policy benefits for life and accident and health insurance contracts and policyholders’ funds.
Due to the nature of each insurance segment, AIG manages the general and life insurance operations separately. As a result, AIG manages separately the invested assets of each. Accordingly, the VaR analysis was separately performed for the general and the life insurance operations.
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AIG calculated the VaR with respect to the net fair value of each of AIG’s insurance segments as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002. AIG uses the historical simulation methodology which entails re-pricing all assets and liabilities under explicit changes in market rates within a specific historical time period. In this case, the most recent three years of historical market information for interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and equity index prices were used to construct the historical scenarios. For each scenario, each transaction was re-priced. Portfolio, business unit and finally AIG-wide scenario values were then calculated by netting the values of all the underlying assets and liabilities. The final VaR number represents the maximum potential loss incurred by these scenarios with 95 percent confidence (i.e., only 5 percent of historical scenarios show losses greater than the VaR figure). A one month holding period was assumed in computing the VaR figure.
The following table presents the VaR on a combined basis and of each component of market risk for each of AIG’s insurance segments as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002. VaR with respect to combined operations cannot be derived by aggregating the individual risk or segment amounts presented herein.
The following table presents the average, high and low VaRs on a combined basis and of each component of market risk for each of AIG’s insurance segments as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
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Financial Services Invested Assets
The following table is a summary of the composition of AIG’s financial services invested assets at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002. (See also the discussions under “Operational Review: Financial Services Operations”, “Capital Resources” and “Derivatives” herein.)
As previously discussed, the cash used for the purchase of flight equipment is derived primarily from the proceeds of ILFC’s debt financings. The primary sources for the repayment of this debt and the interest expense thereon are the cash flow from operations, proceeds from the sale of flight equipment and the rollover and refinancing of the prior debt. During the first six months of 2003, ILFC acquired flight equipment costing $3.48 billion. (See also the discussion under “Operational Review: Financial Services Operations” and “Capital Resources” herein.)
ILFC is exposed to market risk and the risk of loss of fair value and possible liquidity strain resulting from adverse fluctuations in interest rates. As of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, AIG statistically measured the loss of fair value through the application of a VaR model. In this analysis, the net fair value of ILFC was determined using the financial instrument assets which included the tax adjusted future flight equipment lease revenue and the financial instrument liabilities which included the future servicing of the current debt. The estimated impact of the current derivative positions was also taken into account.
AIG calculated the VaR with respect to the net fair value of ILFC using the historical simulation methodology, as previously described. As of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the average VaR with respect to the aforementioned net fair value of ILFC was approximately $14 million and $20 million, respectively.
AIG’s Consumer Finance operations provide a wide variety of consumer finance products both domestically and overseas. Such products include real estate mortgages, consumer loans, and retail sales finance. These products are funded through various borrowings including commercial paper and medium term notes. AIG’s Consumer Finance operations are exposed to credit risk and risk of loss resulting from adverse fluctuations in interest rates. Over half of the loan balance is related to real estate loans which are substantially collateralized by the related properties.
With respect to credit losses, the allowance for finance receivable losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to absorb anticipated credit losses existing in that portfolio.
AIGFP’s derivative transactions are carried at market value or at estimated fair value when market prices are not readily available. AIGFP reduces its economic risk exposure through similarly valued offsetting transactions including swaps, trading securities, options, forwards and futures. The estimated fair values of these transactions represent assessments of the present value of expected future cash flows. These transactions are exposed to liquidity risk if AIGFP were required to sell or close out the transactions prior to maturity. AIG believes that the impact of any such limited liquidity would not be significant to AIG’s financial condition or its overall liquidity. (See also the discussion under “Operational Review: Financial Services Operations” and “Derivatives” herein.)
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AIGFP uses the proceeds from the issuance of notes and bonds and GIA borrowings to invest in a diversified portfolio of securities, including securities available for sale, at market, and derivative transactions. The funds may also be temporarily invested in securities purchased under agreements to resell. The proceeds from the disposal of the aforementioned securities available for sale and securities purchased under agreements to resell have been used to fund the maturing GIAs or other AIGFP financings. (See also the discussion under “Capital Resources” herein.)
Securities available for sale is mainly a portfolio of debt securities, where the individual securities have varying degrees of credit risk. At June 30, 2003, the average credit rating of this portfolio was AA or the equivalent thereto as determined through rating agencies or internal review. AIGFP has also entered into credit derivative transactions to hedge its credit risk associated with $230.5 million of these securities. Securities deemed below investment grade at June 30, 2003 amounted to approximately $100 million in fair value representing 0.6 of one percent of the total AIGFP securities available for sale. $30 million of this amount is hedged with a credit derivative. There have been no significant downgrades through August 1, 2003. Securities purchased under agreements to resell are treated as collateralized transactions. AIGFP takes possession of or obtains a security interest in securities purchased under agreements to resell. AIGFP further minimizes its credit risk by monitoring counterparty credit exposure and, when AIGFP deems necessary, it requires additional collateral to be deposited. Trading securities, at market value are marked to market daily and are held to meet the short-term risk management objectives of AIGFP.
AIGFP is exposed to credit risk. If its securities available for sale portfolio were to suffer significant default and the collateral held declined significantly in value with no replacement or the credit default swap counterparty failed to perform, AIGFP could have a liquidity strain. AIG guarantees AIGFP’s debt and, as a result, is responsible for all of AIGFP’s obligations.
AIGTG conducts, as principal, market making and trading activities in foreign exchange and commodities, primarily precious and base metals. AIGTG owns inventories in the commodities in which it trades and may reduce the exposure to market risk through the use of swaps, forwards, futures and option contracts. AIGTG uses derivatives to manage the economic exposure of its various trading positions and transactions from adverse movements of interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. AIGTG supports its trading activities largely through trading liabilities, unrealized losses on swaps, short-term borrowings, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and securities and commodities sold but not yet purchased. (See also the discussions under “Capital Resources” and “Derivatives” herein.)
The gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses of AIGFP and AIGTG included in the financial services assets and liabilities at June 30, 2003 were as follows:
AIGFP’s interest rate and currency risks on securities available for sale, at market, are managed by taking offsetting positions on a security by security basis, thereby offsetting a significant portion of the unrealized appreciation or depreciation. At June 30, 2003, the unrealized gains and losses remaining after the benefit of the offsets were $141 million and $169 million, respectively.
Trading securities, at market value, and securities and spot commodities sold but not yet purchased, at market value are marked to market daily with the unrealized gain or loss being recognized in income at that time. These securities are held to
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The senior management of AIG defines the policies and establishes general operating parameters for AIGFP and AIGTG. AIG’s senior management has established various oversight committees to review the various financial market, operational and credit issues of AIGFP and AIGTG. The senior managements of AIGFP and AIGTG report the results of their respective operations to and review future strategies with AIG’s senior management.
AIG actively manages the exposures to limit potential losses, while maximizing the rewards afforded by these business opportunities. In doing so, AIG must continually manage a variety of exposures including credit, market, liquidity, operational and legal risks.
Market risk arises principally from the uncertainty that future earnings are exposed to potential changes in volatility, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, and equity and commodity prices. AIG generally controls its exposure to market risk by taking offsetting positions. AIG’s philosophy with respect to its financial services operations is to minimize or set limits for open or uncovered positions that are to be carried. Credit risk exposure is separately managed. (See the discussion on the management of credit risk below.)
AIG’s Market Risk Management Department provides detailed independent review of AIG’s market exposures, particularly those market exposures of AIGFP and AIGTG. This department determines whether AIG’s market risks, as well as those market risks of individual subsidiaries, are within the parameters established by AIG’s senior management. Well established market risk management techniques such as sensitivity analysis are used. Additionally, this department verifies that specific market risks of each of certain subsidiaries are managed and hedged by that subsidiary.
AIGFP and AIGTG are exposed to market risk due to changes in the level and volatility of interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices and commodity prices. AIGFP and AIGTG hedge their exposure to these risks primarily through swaps, options, forwards and futures. To hedge interest rate risks, AIGFP and AIGTG may also purchase US and foreign government obligations.
AIGFP and AIGTG do not seek to manage the market risk of each transaction through an individual offsetting transaction. Rather, AIGFP and AIGTG take a portfolio approach to the management of their market risk exposures. AIGFP and AIGTG value their entire portfolios of market-sensitive transactions at market value or at estimated fair value when market values are not readily available. Unrealized gains and losses, with respect to these portfolios are reflected in income currently. These valuations represent an assessment of the present values of expected future cash flows of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s transactions and may include reserves for such risks as are deemed appropriate by AIGFP, AIGTG and AIG’s management.
Estimated fair values are based upon the use of valuation models. These models utilize, among other things, market liquidity and current interest, foreign exchange, equity, commodity and volatility rates. These valuation models are integrated into the evaluation of the portfolio, as described above, in order to provide timely information for the market risk management of the portfolio. Based upon this evaluation, AIGFP determines what, if any, offsetting transactions are necessary to reduce the market risk exposure of the portfolio.
AIGFP and AIGTG manage market risk with a variety of transactions, including swaps, trading securities, futures and forward contracts and other transactions as appropriate. The recorded values of these transactions may be different than the values that might be realized if AIGFP were required to sell or close out the transactions prior to maturity. AIG believes that such differences are not significant to the results of operations, financial condition or liquidity. Such differences would be immediately recognized when the transactions are sold or closed out prior to maturity.
AIGFP and AIGTG attempt to secure reliable and independent current market prices, such as published exchange prices, external subscription services such as from Bloomberg or Reuters or third party broker quotes for use in this model. When such prices are not available, AIGFP and AIGTG use an internal methodology which includes interpolation or extrapolation from verifiable prices nearest to the dates of the transactions. Historically, actual results have not materially deviated from these models.
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AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s systems can monitor each unit’s respective market positions on an intraday basis. AIGFP and AIGTG operate in major business centers overseas and are essentially open for business 24 hours a day. Thus, the market exposure and offset strategies are monitored, reviewed and coordinated around the clock.
AIGFP and AIGTG apply various testing techniques which reflect significant potential market movements in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity and equity prices, volatility levels and the effect of time. These techniques vary by currency and are regularly changed to reflect factors affecting the derivatives portfolio. The results from these analyses feed into regular senior management reviews of the derivatives portfolio and hedges.
As described above, AIGFP and AIGTG are exposed to the risk of loss of fair value from adverse fluctuations in interest rate and foreign currency exchange rates and equity and commodity prices. AIG statistically measured the losses of fair value through the application of a VaR model across both units.
AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s asset and liability portfolios for which the VaR analyses were performed included over the counter and exchange traded investments, derivative instruments and commodities. Because the market risk with respect to securities available for sale, at market is substantially hedged, segregation of market sensitive instruments into trading and other than trading was not deemed necessary.
AIG calculated the VaR with respect to AIGFP and AIGTG combined as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002. AIG uses the historical simulation methodology which entails re-pricing all assets and liabilities under explicit changes in market rates within a specific historical time period. In this case, the most recent three years of historical market information for interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and equity index prices were used to construct the historical scenarios. For each scenario, each transaction was re-priced. Portfolio, business unit and finally AIG-wide scenario values were then calculated by netting the values of all the underlying assets and liabilities. The final VaR number represents the maximum potential loss incurred by these scenarios with 95 percent confidence (i.e., only 5 percent of historical scenarios show losses greater than the VaR figure). A one-month holding period was assumed in computing the VaR figure.
The following table presents the VaR on a combined basis and of each component of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s market risk as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002. VaR with respect to combined operations cannot be derived by aggregating the individual risk presented herein.
The following table presents the average, high and low VaRs on a combined basis and of each component of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s market risk as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
Derivatives
Derivatives are financial arrangements among two or more parties. The returns of the derivatives are linked to or “derived” from some underlying equity, debt, commodity or other asset, liability, or index. Derivatives payments may be based on interest rates and exchange rates and/or prices of certain securities, certain commodities, or financial or commodity indices. The more significant types of derivative arrangements in which AIG transacts are swaps, forwards, futures and options. In the normal
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The overwhelming majority of AIG’s derivatives activities are conducted through AIGFP and AIGTG, thus permitting AIG to participate in the derivatives dealer market acting primarily as principal. In these derivative operations, AIG structures agreements which generally allow its counterparties to enter into transactions with respect to changes in interest and exchange rates, securities’ prices and certain commodities and financial or commodity indices. AIG’s customers such as corporations, financial institutions, multinational organizations, sovereign entities, government agencies and municipalities use derivatives to hedge their own market exposures. For example, a futures, forward or option contract can be used to protect the customers’ assets or liabilities against price fluctuations.
A counterparty may default on any obligation to AIG, including a derivative contract. Credit risk is a consequence of extending credit and/or carrying trading and investment positions. Credit risk exists for a derivative contract when that contract has a positive fair value to AIG. To help manage this risk, the credit departments of AIGFP and AIGTG operate within the guidelines set by the AIG Credit Risk Committee. This committee establishes the credit policy, sets limits for counterparties and provides limits for derivative transactions with counterparties having different credit ratings. In addition to credit ratings, this committee takes into account other factors, including the industry and country of the counterparty. Transactions which fall outside these pre-established guidelines require the approval of the AIG Credit Risk Committee. It is also AIG’s policy to establish reserves for potential credit impairment when necessary.
AIGFP and AIGTG determine the credit quality of each of their counterparties taking into account credit ratings assigned by recognized statistical rating organizations. If it is determined that a counterparty requires credit enhancement, then one or more enhancement techniques will be used. Examples of such enhancement techniques include letters of credit, guarantees, collateral, credit triggers, credit derivatives and margin agreements.
A significant majority of AIGFP’s transactions are contracted and documented under ISDA Master Agreements. Management believes that such agreements provide for legally enforceable set-off in the event of default. Also, under such agreements, in connection with a counterparty desiring to terminate a contract prior to maturity, AIGFP may be permitted to set-off its receivables from that counterparty against AIGFP’s payables to that same counterparty arising out of all included transactions. Excluding regulated exchange transactions, AIGTG, whenever possible, enters into netting agreements with its counterparties which are similar in effect to those discussed above.
Discussions with respect to AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s counterpart credit quality, fair value source and notional amounts follow.
Counterparty Credit Quality
The following tables provide the counterparty credit quality amounts of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives transactions at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
The net replacement value most closely represents the net credit risk to AIGFP and AIGTG or the maximum amount exposed to potential loss after the application of the aforementioned strategies, netting under ISDA Master Agreements and excluding collateral held. Subsequent to the application of such credit enhancements, the net exposure to credit risk or the net replacement value of all interest rate, currency, commodity and equity swaps, swaptions, forward commitments, futures and forward contracts approximated $17.15 billion at June 30, 2003, including $2.7 billion of collateral held; and $17.38 billion at December 31, 2002, including $2.2 billion of collateral held. The net replacement value most closely represents the net credit risk to AIGFP and AIGTG or the maximum amount exposed to potential loss and is used for financial reporting purposes.
AIGFP and AIGTG determine counterparty credit quality by reference to ratings from independent rating agencies or, where such ratings are not available, by internal analysis. At June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the concentration of credit exposure with respect to counterparties judged A or higher by AIGFP and AIGTG was 93 percent and 90 percent, respectively.
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The counterparty credit quality determined by AIGFP and AIGTG with respect to the net replacement value of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives portfolio was as follows:
Fair Value Source
The fair value sources of the net replacement values of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives portfolio were primarily based on valuation models. Although these models are proprietary, the inputs were obtained from independently published exchange prices, external subscription services’ prices such as Bloomberg or Reuters or third party broker quotes for use in these models. In the minimal instances when such prices are not available, AIGFP and AIGTG uses an internal methodology which includes interpolation or extrapolation from verifiable prices nearest to the dates of the transactions.
Notional Amounts
The notional amounts used to express the extent of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s involvement in swap transactions represent a standard of measurement of the volume of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s swaps business. Notional amount is not a quantification of market risk or credit risk and it may not necessarily be recorded on the balance sheet. Notional amounts represent those amounts used to calculate contractual cash flows to be exchanged and are not paid or received, except for certain contracts such as currency swaps.
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The following table presents the contractual and notional amounts by maturity and type of derivative of AIGFP’s and AIGTG’s derivatives portfolio at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
In many cases, the credit risk associated with a designated portfolio is tranched into different layers of risk, which are then analyzed and rated by the credit rating agencies. Typically, there will be an equity layer covering the first credit losses in respect of the portfolio up to a specified percentage of the total portfolio, and then successive layers that are rated, generally a BBB rated layer, an A rated layer, an AA rated layer and an AAA rated layer. In transactions that are rated, the risk layer or tranche that is immediately junior to the threshold level above which AIGFP’s payment obligation would arise is rated AAA by the rating agencies. For that reason, the risk layer assumed by AIGFP with respect to the designated portfolio in these transactions is often called the “super senior” risk layer, defined as the layer of credit risk senior to a risk layer that has been rated AAA by the credit rating agencies or if the transaction is not rated, equivalent thereto. For example, in a transaction with an equity layer covering credit losses from 0 to 2 percent of the total portfolio, a BBB rated layer covering credit losses from 2 to 4 percent, an A rated layer from 4 to 6 percent, an AA rated layer from 6 to 8 percent and an AAA rated layer from 8 to 11 percent, AIGFP would cover credit losses arising in respect of the portfolio that exceed an 11 percent first loss threshold amount, and thereby bear risk that is senior to the 8 to 11 percent AAA rated risk layer.
AIGFP continually monitors the underlying portfolios to determine whether the credit loss experience for any particular portfolio has caused the likelihood of AIGFP having a payment obligation under the transaction to be greater than super senior risk. AIGFP maintains the ability opportunistically to hedge specific securities in a portfolio thereby further limiting its exposure to loss and has hedged outstanding transactions in this manner on occasion. AIGFP has never had a payment obligation under these credit derivatives transactions. Furthermore, based on portfolio credit losses experienced to date under all outstanding transactions, no transaction has experienced credit losses in an amount that has made the likelihood of AIGFP having to make a
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In addition to its role as derivatives dealer through AIGFP and AIGTG, AIG and its subsidiaries, including its insurance subsidiaries, use derivatives primarily to minimize AIG’s asset-liability exposure and foreign currency and interest rate exposures. These transactions are generally executed with AIGFP and AIGTG as counterparties, who in turn hedge these transactions in the market place. Thus, AIGFP and AIGTG assume the credit risk exposure.
AIG also uses derivatives to help match assets and liabilities in several of its businesses, including its insurance operations. For example, AIG can use currency and interest rate swaps to convert foreign-currency investment contract liabilities into U.S. dollar-based exposures. Thus, these liabilities are more properly matched with U.S. dollar assets. In life insurance, AIG uses swaps to reduce the mismatch between long dated life insurance liabilities and shorter dated local currency assets. Swaps also enable AIG to balance its asset and liability durations in consumer finance operations.
AIG’s Derivatives Review Committee provides an independent review of any proposed derivative transaction. The committee examines, among other things, the nature and purpose of the derivative transaction, its potential credit exposure, if any, and the estimated benefits. This committee does not review those derivative transactions entered into by AIGFP and AIGTG for their own accounts.
Generally, AIG conducts its businesses in the currencies of the local operating environment. Thus, exchange gains or losses occur when AIG’s foreign currency net investment is affected by changes in the foreign exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar from one reporting period to the next.
Legal risk arises from the uncertainty of the enforceability, through legal or judicial processes, of the obligations of AIG’s clients and counterparties, including contractual provisions intended to reduce credit exposure by providing for the netting of mutual obligations. (See also the discussion on master netting agreements above.)
Accounting Standards
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (FAS 142). As of January 1, 2002, AIG adopted FAS 142. FAS 142 requires AIG to discontinue the amortization of goodwill in its consolidated income statement.
FAS 142 requires goodwill to be subject to an assessment of impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if circumstances indicate that a possible impairment has occurred. The assessment of impairment involves a two-step process prescribed in FAS 142, whereby an initial assessment for potential impairment is performed, followed by a measurement of the amount of impairment, if any. FAS 142 also requires the completion of a transitional impairment test in the year of adoption, with any identified impairments recognized as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles. During the second quarter, AIG completed its transitional impairment test for 2002, resulting in no impairment.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are primarily caused as a result of foreign currency translation adjustments.
In November 2002, FASB issued Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others” (FIN45). FIN45 requires that, for guarantees within its scope that are issued or amended after December 31, 2002, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee be established, and recognized through earnings. To date, the impact on earnings for AIG has not been and is not expected to be material.
AIG guarantees the indebtedness of third parties principally in connection with AIG SunAmerica’s investments in affordable housing properties. The guarantees are issued primarily to facilitate financing for the construction of the underlying properties, and range in duration of up to ten years. Since the inception of this investment program over ten years ago, payments under these guarantees have been insignificant. This is due to the fact that the loans are first backed by the creditworthiness of the third party general partner; and secondly, are secured by the underlying properties. The maximum exposure before consideration of the applicable se-
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In addition, AIG’s real estate investment operations will occasionally extend similar guarantees to real estate partnerships in which they are an investor. The guarantees facilitate financing for the construction, and/or purchase of land. There have been no payments to date under these guarantees. This is due to the fact that the loans are first backed by the creditworthiness of the third party general partner; and secondly, are secured by the underlying properties. The maximum exposure before consideration of the applicable security under these guarantees as of June 30, 2003 is approximately $183 million.
In January 2003, FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (FIN46). FIN46 changes the method of determining whether certain entities should be consolidated in AIG’s consolidated financial statements. An entity is subject to FIN46 and is called a variable interest entity (VIE) if it has (i) equity that is insufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (ii) equity investors that cannot make significant decisions about the entity’s operations, or that do not absorb the expected losses or receive the expected returns of the entity. A VIE is consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is the party that has a majority of the expected losses or a majority of the expected residual returns of the VIE, or both. All other entities not considered VIEs are evaluated for consolidation under existing guidance.
The provisions of FIN46 are to be applied immediately to VIEs created after January 31, 2003, and to VIEs in which AIG obtains an interest after that date. For VIEs in which AIG holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003, FIN46 applies to the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2003. For any VIE that must be consolidated under FIN46 that were created before February 1, 2003, the assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interest of the VIE would be initially measured at their carrying amounts with any difference between the net amount added to the balance sheet and any previously recognized interest being recognized as the cumulative effect of an accounting change.
Beginning July 1, 2003, AIG is required to consolidate approximately $2.9 billion of assets and liabilities, and record a one-time cumulative accounting charge upon adoption of FIN 46 which will not have a material effect on AIG’s results of operations. Of the $2.9 billion, $1.2 billion relates to third party debt most of which arises from sale-leaseback transactions involving AIG’s ILFC subsidiary. The remaining $1.7 billion relates to other liabilities arising from affordable housing transactions involving AIG SunAmerica subsidiaries. In addition, AIG may be required to consolidate certain other VIEs based on future guidance from FASB. (See also the discussion under “Special Purpose Vehicles” included herein.)
Effective January 1, 2003, AIG adopted the recognition provision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (FAS 123). This statement establishes the financial accounting and reporting standards for stock-based employee compensation plans, such as AIG’s stock purchase plan, stock option plan and stock incentive plan. Under the recognition provisions of FAS 123, costs with respect to stock compensation are measured using the fair value of the shares subscribed or granted as at the date of grant recognized ratably over the vesting period. Such fair value is derived through an option pricing model.
AIG has elected the “Prospective Method” in the application of the recognition provisions as prescribed by FAS 123. Such method provides for the
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(in millions except per share amounts)
Recent Developments
On June 26, 2003, AIG announced that it has entered into an agreement to acquire the GE Edison Life Insurance Company in Japan, and GE’s U.S.-based auto and home insurance business for $2.15 billion. The transaction, which is subject to regulatory approvals in the U.S. and Japan, is expected to close in the third quarter of 2003.
The Board of Directors of AIG has increased the quarterly cash dividend on AIG’s common stock to 6.5 cents per share from the previously declared 5.2 cents per share commencing with the dividend to be paid on September 19, 2003 to shareholders of record on September 5, 2003.
Controls and Procedures
AIG’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that AIG files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), is recorded, processed,
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
At the Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on May 14, 2003, the Shareholders:
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: August 14, 2003
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EXHIBIT INDEX
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