Bank of America Corporation is a major US bank headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. The company was at times the largest credit institution in the United States.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2003
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number:
1-6523
Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter:
Bank of America Corporation
State of incorporation:
Delaware
IRS Employer Identification Number:
56-0906609
Address of principal executive offices:
Bank of America Corporate Center
Charlotte, North Carolina 28255
Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(704) 386-8486
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
On April 30, 2003, there were 1,498,039,156 shares of Bank of America Corporation Common Stock outstanding.
March 31, 2003 Form 10-Q
INDEX
Page
Part I
Item 1.
Financial Statements:
Financial Information
Consolidated Statement of Income for the ThreeMonths Ended March 31, 2003 and 2002
3
Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2003 andDecember 31, 2002
4
Consolidated Statement of Changes in ShareholdersEquity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2003 and 2002
5
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the ThreeMonths Ended March 31, 2003 and 2002
6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
7
Item 2.
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results ofOperations and Financial Condition
19
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
51
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
Part II
Other Information
Legal Proceedings
Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 6.
Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
Signature
53
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
54
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
55
Index to Exhibits
56
2
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
Bank of America Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Income
Three Months Ended March 31
(Dollars in millions, except per share information)
2003
2002
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans and leases
$
5,348
5,445
Interest and dividends on securities
778
946
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell
194
215
Trading account assets
1,042
878
Other interest income
363
387
Total interest income
7,725
7,871
Interest expense
Deposits
1,183
1,344
Short-term borrowings
453
477
Trading account liabilities
308
285
Long-term debt
572
612
Total interest expense
2,516
2,718
Net interest income
5,209
5,153
Noninterest income
Consumer service charges
777
691
Corporate service charges
577
567
Total service charges
1,354
1,258
Consumer investment and brokerage services
378
381
Corporate investment and brokerage services
165
170
Total investment and brokerage services
543
551
Mortgage banking income
405
195
Investment banking income
341
Equity investment gains (losses)
(68
)
26
Card income
681
Trading account profits
114
345
Other income
278
147
Total noninterest income
3,685
3,440
Total revenue
8,894
8,593
Provision for credit losses
833
840
Gains on sales of securities
273
44
Noninterest expense
Personnel
2,459
2,446
Occupancy
472
432
Equipment
284
262
Marketing
230
Professional fees
125
91
Amortization of intangibles
Data processing
266
205
Telecommunications
124
119
Other general operating
703
714
Total noninterest expense
4,717
4,494
Income before income taxes
3,617
3,303
Income tax expense
1,193
1,124
Net income
2,424
2,179
Net income available to common shareholders
2,423
2,178
Per common share information
Earnings
1.62
1.41
Diluted earnings
1.59
1.38
Dividends declared
0.64
0.60
Average common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands)
1,499,405
1,543,471
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Balance Sheet
(Dollars in millions)
March 31 2003
December 31 2002
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
25,069
24,973
Time deposits placed and other short-term investments
5,523
6,813
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell (includes$49,740 and $44,779 pledged as collateral)
49,809
44,878
Trading account assets (includes $32,597 and $35,515 pledged as collateral)
65,733
63,996
Derivative assets
35,409
34,310
Securities:
Available-for-sale (includes $31,171 and $32,919 pledged as collateral)
75,511
68,122
Held-to-maturity, at cost (market value$928 and $1,001)
927
1,026
Total securities
76,438
69,148
Loans and leases
343,412
342,755
Allowance for credit losses
(6,853
(6,851
Loans and leases, net of allowance for credit losses
336,559
335,904
Premises and equipment, net
6,643
6,717
Mortgage banking assets
1,995
2,110
Goodwill
11,396
11,389
Core deposit intangibles and other intangibles
1,065
1,095
Other assets
64,126
59,125
Total assets
679,765
660,458
Liabilities
Deposits in domestic offices:
Noninterest-bearing
121,127
122,686
Interest-bearing
242,287
232,320
Deposits in foreign offices:
2,331
1,673
29,431
29,779
Total deposits
395,176
386,458
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
72,976
65,079
23,578
25,574
Derivative liabilities
22,876
23,566
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings
29,729
25,234
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
15,905
17,052
63,442
61,145
Trust preferred securities
6,031
Total liabilities
629,713
610,139
Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized100,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding1,336,200 and 1,356,749 shares
57
58
Common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized5,000,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding1,497,530,740 and 1,500,691,103 shares
127
496
Retained earnings
49,978
48,517
Accumulated other comprehensive income
74
1,232
Other
(184
16
Total shareholders' equity
50,052
50,319
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
(Dollars in millions, shares in thousands)
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (1)
Total Share-holders' Equity
Comprehensive Income
Shares
Amount
Balance, December 31, 2001
65
1,559,297
5,076
42,980
437
(38
48,520
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale and marketable equity securities
(3
Net unrealized gains on foreign currency translation adjustments
Net unrealized losses on derivatives
(508
Cash dividends declared:
Common
(925
Preferred
(1
Common stock issued under employee plans
16,323
808
9
817
Common stock repurchased
(31,207
(1,955
Conversion of preferred stock
105
17
12
14
43
Balance, March 31, 2002
62
1,544,521
3,949
44,245
(72
(15
48,169
1,670
Balance, December 31, 2002
1,500,691
(9
33
(1,182
(961
15,206
818
(173
645
(18,400
(1,260
34
1
72
(27
Balance, March 31, 2003
1,497,531
1,266
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Operating activities
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
(273
(44
Depreciation and premises improvements amortization
224
217
Deferred income tax benefit
(94
(141
Net increase in trading and hedging instruments
(6,854
(2,095
Net (increase) decrease in other assets
(7,037
9,584
Net increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities
(604
Other operating activities, net
590
595
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(10,737
11,456
Investing activities
Net (increase) decrease in time deposits placed and other short-term investments
1,290
(1,124
Net increase in federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell
(4,931
(12,663
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities
27,258
27,750
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities
6,847
7,221
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
(41,285
(24,916
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities
99
Proceeds from sales and securitizations of loans and leases
9,182
4,448
Other changes in loans and leases, net
(7,110
(4,893
Purchases and originations of mortgage banking assets
(359
(211
Net purchases of premises and equipment
(150
(551
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties
83
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary
(1,600
Acquisition of business activities, net
(71
(110
Other investing activities, net
586
(7
Net cash used in investing activities
(10,232
(4,961
Financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
8,718
(6,295
Net increase in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
7,897
Net increase (decrease) in commercial paper and other short-term borrowings
4,495
(225
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt and trust preferred securities
4,578
3,306
Retirement of long-term debt and trust preferred securities
(3,051
(6,344
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
Cash dividends paid
(962
(926
Other financing activities, net
(32
(21
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
21,028
(10,825
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
37
(63
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
96
(4,393
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1
26,837
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31
22,444
Net transfers of loans and leases from loans held for sale (included in other assets) to the loan portfolio amounted to $3,621 and $2,534 for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Loans transferred to foreclosed properties amounted to $60 and $82 for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Bank of America Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Corporation) through its banking and nonbanking subsidiaries, provide a diverse range of financial services and products throughout the U.S. and in selected international markets. At March 31, 2003, the Corporation operated its banking activities primarily under two charters: Bank of America, National Association (Bank of America, N.A.) and Bank of America, N.A. (USA).
Note 1Significant Accounting Principles
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
The information contained in the consolidated financial statements is unaudited. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the interim period results have been made. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period classifications.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation 46 Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of ARB No. 51 (FIN 46). FIN 46 (the interpretation) provides a new framework for identifying variable interest entities (VIEs) and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements. FIN 46 is effective immediately for VIEs created after January 31, 2003 and is effective beginning in the third quarter of 2003 for VIEs created prior to the issuance of the interpretation. Management is currently evaluating the impact of this new interpretation on the financial statements. For additional information on VIEs, see Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosurean amendment of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, was adopted by the Corporation on January 1, 2003. SFAS 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. SFAS 148 also amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123, to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. Under the provisions of SFAS 148, the Corporation transitioned to the fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation costs using the prospective method as of January 1, 2003. Under the prospective method, all stock options granted under plans before the adoption date will continue to be accounted for under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, (APB 25) unless these stock options are modified or settled subsequent to adoption.
In accordance with SFAS 148, the Corporation provides disclosures as if the Corporation had adopted the fair value based method of measuring all outstanding employee stock options in 2003 and 2002 as indicated in the following table. The disclosure requirement of SFAS 148 recognizes the impact of all outstanding employee stock options while the prospective method that the Corporation is following recognizes the impact of only newly issued employee stock options. The following table presents the effect on net income and earnings per share if the fair value based method had been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards at March 31, 2003 and 2002.
March 31
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
Stock-based employee compensation expense recognized during period (1)
Stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value basedmethod(1,2)
(76
(82
Pro forma net income
2,365
2,097
As Reported
Earnings per common share
Diluted earnings per common share
Pro forma
1.58
1.36
1.55
1.33
FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, (FIN 45) was issued in November 2002. FIN 45 requires that a liability be recognized at the inception of certain guarantees for the fair value of the obligation, including the ongoing obligation to stand ready to perform over the term of the guarantee. The accounting provisions of FIN 45 were effective for certain guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The adoption of FIN 45 did not have a material impact on the Corporations results of operations or financial condition. For additional information regarding the impact of FIN 45, see Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements.
On April 30, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities and is effective for hedging relationships entered into or modified after June 30, 2003. SFAS 149 amends and clarifies financial accounting and reporting for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts and for hedging activities under SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Management is currently evaluating the impact of this new rule on the financial statements and does not anticipate the adoption of this pronouncement will have a material impact on its results of operations or financial condition.
For additional information on recently issued accounting pronouncements and other significant accounting principles, see Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements on pages 76 through 83 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
Note 2Trading Activities
Trading-Related Revenue
Trading account profits represent the net amount earned from the Corporations trading positions, which include trading account assets and liabilities as well as derivative positions and mortgage banking certificates. Trading account profits, as reported in the Consolidated Statement of Income, does not include the net interest income recognized on trading positions or the related funding charge or benefit.
8
Trading account profits and trading-related net interest income (trading-related revenue) are presented in the following table as they are both considered in evaluating the overall profitability of the Corporations trading positions. Trading-related revenue is derived from foreign exchange spot, forward and cross-currency contracts, fixed income and equity securities, and derivative contracts in interest rates, equities, credit and commodities.
Trading account profitsas reported
Trading-related net interest income (1)
608
433
Total trading-related revenue
722
Trading-related revenue by product
Foreign exchange
135
129
Interest rate (1)
153
257
Credit (2)
261
236
Equities
121
132
Commodities
52
24
Trading Account Assets and Liabilities
The fair values of the components of trading account assets and liabilities at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were:
March 312003
December 312002
U.S. government and agency securities
21,555
19,875
Foreign sovereign debt
8,785
8,752
Corporate and other debt securities
14,705
14,280
Equity securities
5,861
5,380
Mortgage-backed securities
3,301
5,917
11,526
9,792
Total
8,051
8,531
2,918
3,465
3,812
3,032
5,739
4,825
3,058
5,721
Note 3Derivatives
Credit risk associated with derivatives is measured as the net replacement cost should the counterparties with contracts in a gain position to the Corporation completely fail to perform under the terms of those contracts assuming no recoveries of underlying collateral. A detailed discussion of derivative trading and asset and liability management (ALM) activities is presented in Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements on pages 86 through 88 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
The following table presents the contract/notional and credit risk amounts at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 of the Corporations derivative positions held for trading and hedging purposes. These derivative positions are primarily executed in the over-the-counter market. The credit risk amounts presented in the following table do not consider the value of any collateral held but take into consideration the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements. The Corporation held $17.9 billion of collateral on derivative positions, of which only $12.4 billion could be applied against credit risk at March 31, 2003.
Derivatives(1)
March 31, 2003
December 31, 2002
Contract/ Notional
Credit Risk
Interest rate contracts
Swaps
7,094,523
19,186
6,781,629
18,981
Futures and forwards
3,038,531
85
2,510,259
283
Written options
971,685
973,113
Purchased options
1,021,040
4,136
907,999
3,318
Foreign exchange contracts
179,902
2,588
175,680
2,460
Spot, futures and forwards
756,752
2,029
724,039
2,535
114,748
81,263
111,376
382
80,395
452
Equity contracts
18,530
774
16,830
679
38,260
48,470
17,319
19,794
24,389
3,184
23,756
2,885
Commodity contracts
28,587
1,554
11,776
1,117
4,261
3,478
15,107
12,158
9,565
357
19,115
347
Credit derivatives
107,231
1,134
92,098
1,253
Total derivative assets
(1) Includes both long and short derivative positions.
The average fair value of derivative assets for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 was $35.2 billion and $21.6 billion, respectively. The average fair value of derivative liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 was $23.6 billion and $14.4 billion, respectively.
Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedges
The Corporation uses various types of interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate derivative contracts to protect against changes in the fair value of its fixed-rate assets and liabilities due to fluctuations in interest rates and exchange rates. The Corporation also uses these contracts to protect against changes in the cash flows of its variable-rate assets and liabilities and anticipated transactions. For the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Corporation recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income a net loss of $79 million (included in interest income) related to fair value hedges. This loss represents the expected change in the forward values of forward contracts and is defined as ineffectiveness by SFAS 133. For the three months ended March 31, 2002, there was no significant gain or loss recognized which represented the ineffective portion of fair value hedges. For the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, the Corporation recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income net gains of $15 million and $9 million (included in mortgage banking income), respectively, which represented the ineffective portion of cash flow hedges. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the Corporation has determined that there were no cash flow
10
hedging positions where it was probable that certain forecasted transactions may not occur within the originally designated time period.
For cash flow hedges, gains and losses on derivative contracts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to current period earnings are included in the line item in the Consolidated Statement of Income in which the hedged item is recorded and in the same period the hedged item affects earnings. During the next 12 months, gains on derivative instruments included in accumulated other comprehensive income, of approximately $197 million (pre-tax) are expected to be reclassified into earnings. These net gains reclassified into earnings are expected to increase income or reduce expense on the respective hedged items.
Hedges of Net Investments in Foreign Operations
The Corporation uses forward exchange contracts, currency swaps and non-derivative cash instruments that provide an economic hedge on portions of its net investments in foreign operations against adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. For the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, the Corporation experienced net foreign currency pre-tax gains of $92 million and $2 million, respectively, related to its net investments in foreign operations. These gains were recorded as a component of the foreign currency translation adjustment in other comprehensive income. These gains were partially offset by net pre-tax losses of $41 million and $2 million related to derivative and non-derivative instruments designated as hedges of this currency exposure during these same periods.
Note 4Outstanding Loans and Leases
Outstanding loans and leases at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were:
Commercialdomestic
102,467
105,053
Commercialforeign
18,990
19,912
Commercial real estatedomestic
19,981
19,910
Commercial real estateforeign
300
295
Total commercial
141,738
145,170
Residential mortgage
112,800
108,197
Home equity lines
22,874
23,236
Direct/Indirect consumer
31,540
31,068
Consumer finance
7,623
8,384
Credit card
24,819
24,729
Foreign consumer
2,018
1,971
Total consumer
201,674
197,585
11
The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002:
Balance, January 1
6,851
6,875
Loans and leases charged off
(984
(1,069
Recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off
151
229
Net charge-offs
(833
(840
Other, net
(6
Balance, March 31
6,853
6,869
The following table presents the recorded investment in specific loans that were considered individually impaired at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan, as described in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report on page 80:
March 31,
December 31,
2,553
1,355
180
157
Total impaired loans
3,882
4,067
At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, nonperforming loans, including certain loans that were considered impaired, totaled $4.8 billion and $5.0 billion, respectively. In addition, included in other assets was $188 million and $120 million of nonperforming assets at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively. Foreclosed properties amounted to $227 million and $225 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
Note 5Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Corporation enters into a number of off-balance sheet commitments. These commitments expose the Corporation to varying degrees of credit and market risk and are subject to the same credit and market risk limitation reviews as those recorded on the balance sheet.
Credit Extension Commitments
The Corporation enters into commitments to extend credit such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit (SBLCs) and commercial letters of credit to meet the financing needs of its customers. For additional information on credit extension commitments see Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report. The following table summarizes outstanding unfunded commitments to extend credit at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002. These unfunded commitments have been reduced by amounts participated to other financial institutions.
December 31
Loan commitments
212,768
212,704
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees
29,899
30,837
Commercial letters of credit
2,953
3,109
Legally binding commitments
245,620
246,650
Credit card lines
75,874
73,779
Total commitments
321,494
320,429
Other Commitments
When-issued securities are commitments to purchase or sell securities during the time period between the announcement of a securities offering and the issuance of those securities. Changes in market price between commitment date and issuance are reflected in trading account profits. At March 31, 2003, the Corporation had commitments to purchase and sell when-issued securities of $232.9 billion and $233.5 billion, respectively. At December 31, 2002, the Corporation had commitments to purchase and sell when-issued securities of $166.1 billion and $164.5 billion, respectively. The increase during the three months ended March 31, 2003 was primarily attributable to higher volumes of mortgage refinancings in the current low interest rate environment.
At March 31, 2003, the Corporation had forward whole mortgage loan purchase commitments of $26.4 billion of which $21.4 billion were settled in April 2003. The remaining commitments of $5.0 billion settle in May 2003. At December 31, 2002, the Corporation had forward whole mortgage loan purchase commitments of $10.8 billion, all of which were settled in January 2003. At March 31, 2003, the Corporation had $6.2 billion of forward whole mortgage loan sale commitments that settled in April 2003. At December 31, 2002, the Corporation had no forward whole mortgage loan sale commitments. For further discussion on ALM activities, see Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Derivative Contracts beginning on page 48.
Other Guarantees
For additional information on the following guarantees, see Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
The Corporation sells products that offer book value protection primarily to plan sponsors of ERISA-governed pension plans such as 401(k) plans, 457 plans, etc. The Corporation also sells products that guarantee the return of principal to investors at a preset future date. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the notional amount of these guarantees totaled $26.4 billion and $23.8 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the Corporation has not made a payment under these products, and management believes that the probability of payments under these guarantees is remote.
In the ordinary course of business, the Corporation enters into various agreements that contain indemnifications, such as tax indemnifications, whereupon payment may become due if certain external events occur, such as a change in tax law.
The Corporation has provided protection on a subset of one consumer finance securitization in the form of a guarantee with a maximum payment of $220 million that is only paid out if over-collateralization is not sufficient to absorb losses and certain other conditions are met. The Corporation projects no material payments will be due over the life of the contract, which is approximately seven years.
The Corporation has entered into additional guarantee agreements, including lease end obligation agreements, partial credit guarantees on certain leases, sold risk participation swaps and sold put options that require gross settlement. The maximum potential future payment under these agreements was approximately $1.0 billion and $575 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
Litigation
The number of actions in which the Corporation or Banc of America Securities LLC has been named as a defendant arising out of alleged accounting irregularities in the books and records of WorldCom has increased from approximately 18 actions to 40 actions. For a more detailed discussion on Litigation, see Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
Note 6Shareholders Equity and Earnings Per Common Share
At March 31, 2003, under the stock repurchase program authorized by the Corporations Board of Directors (the Board) on December 11, 2001, the remaining buyback authority for common stock totaled $1.3 billion, or 5 million
13
shares. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Corporation repurchased approximately 18 million shares of its common stock in open market repurchases and as a result of put options exercised, at an average per-share price of $68.48, which reduced shareholders equity by $1.3 billion and increased earnings per share by approximately $0.01. These repurchases were partially offset by the issuance of 15 million shares of common stock under employee plans, which increased shareholders equity by $645 million, net of $173 million of deferred compensation related to restricted stock awards, and decreased earnings per share by approximately $0.01 for the three months ended March 31, 2003. For the three months ended March 31, 2002, the Corporation repurchased approximately 31 million shares of its common stock in open market repurchases and under an accelerated repurchase program at an average per-share price of $62.64, which reduced shareholders equity by $2.0 billion. These repurchases were partially offset by the issuance of 16 million shares of common stock under employee plans, which increased shareholders equity by $817 million. On January 22, 2003, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 130 million shares of the Corporations common stock at an aggregate cost of $12.5 billion. The Corporation anticipates it will continue to repurchase shares at least equal to shares issued under its various stock option plans.
Accumulated other comprehensive income (OCI) includes pre-tax net unrealized losses related to available-for-sale and marketable equity securities, foreign currency translation adjustments, derivatives and other of $1.4 billion and $83 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The net change in accumulated OCI also includes reclassification adjustments for gains (losses) to net income during the current period that had been included in accumulated OCI in previous periods. Pre-tax reclassification adjustments for gains included in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 were $130 million and $131 million, respectively. The related income tax expense (benefit) was $(379) million and $295 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The Corporation sells put options on its common stock to independent third parties. The put option program was designed to partially offset the cost of share repurchases. For additional information on the put option program, see Note 14 of the consolidated financial statements on page 98 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
The calculation of earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 is presented below.
Three Months Ended
(Dollars in millions, except per share information; shares in thousands)
Preferred stock dividends
Average common shares issued and outstanding
Net income available to common shareholders and assumed conversions
Dilutive potential common shares(1, 2)
26,883
38,377
Total diluted average common shares issued and outstanding
1,526,288
1,581,848
Note 7Business Segment Information
The Corporation reports the results of its operations through four business segments: Consumer and Commercial Banking, Asset Management, Global Corporate and Investment Banking and Equity Investments. Certain operating segments have been aggregated into a single business segment.
Consumer and Commercial Banking provides a diversified range of products and services to individuals and small businesses through multiple delivery channels and commercial lending and treasury management services primarily to middle market companies with annual revenue between $10 million and $500 million. Asset Management offers investment, fiduciary and comprehensive banking and credit expertise; asset management services to institutional clients, high-net-worth individuals and retail customers; and investment, securities and financial planning services to affluent and high-net-worth individuals. Global Corporate and Investment Banking provides capital raising solutions, advisory services, derivatives capabilities, equity and debt sales and trading as well as traditional bank deposit and loan products, cash management and payment services to large corporations and institutional clients. Equity Investments includes Principal Investing, which is comprised of a diversified portfolio of investments in privately held and publicly traded companies at all stages, from start-up to buyout.
Corporate Other consists primarily of certain amounts associated with ALM activities and certain consumer finance and commercial lending businesses being liquidated. Beginning in the first quarter of 2003, net interest income from certain additional ALM activities was allocated directly to the business units. Prior periods have been restated to reflect this change in methodology. In addition, compensation expense related to stock-based employee compensation plans is included in Corporate Other.
Total revenue includes net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis and noninterest income. The net interest income of the business segments includes the results of a funds transfer pricing process that matches assets and liabilities with similar interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics. Net interest income also reflects an allocation of net interest income generated by assets and liabilities used in the Corporations ALM activities.
15
The following table presents results of operations and selected average balance sheet categories for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 for each business segment. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified among segments to conform to the current period presentation.
Business Segment Summary
For the three months ended March 31
Total Corporation
Consumer andCommercial Banking (1)
Asset Management (1)
Net interest income (2)
5,361
5,247
3,732
3,683
178
186
2,301
1,967
400
412
9,046
8,687
6,033
5,650
578
598
488
427
(4
25
Other noninterest expense
4,663
4,439
2,972
2,732
365
358
3,769
3,397
2,538
2,472
216
213
1,345
1,218
947
916
76
1,591
1,556
140
137
Shareholder value added
1,140
832
1,099
1,024
66
70
Net interest yield (taxable-equivalent basis)
3.52
%
3.85
4.70
5.43
3.08
2.96
Return on average equity
19.9
18.6
32.6
32.4
20.3
23.9
Efficiency ratio (taxable-equivalent basis)
52.1
51.7
50.0
49.1
63.3
59.9
Average:
Total loans and leases
345,662
327,801
185,779
181,415
22,683
24,794
713,299
637,678
344,580
300,053
25,161
26,737
385,760
364,403
295,654
276,655
12,859
11,837
Common equity/Allocated equity
49,343
47,392
19,771
19,486
2,787
2,325
Global Corporate and Investment Banking (1)
Equity Investments (1)
Corporate Other
1,278
1,164
(37
(42
210
256
1,121
(70
(11
(74
2,343
2,285
(107
(28
199
182
272
264
123
Gains (losses) on sales of securities
(14
(24
1,316
1,297
734
692
(134
(55
415
75
253
235
(48
(23
117
481
457
(86
298
61
203
(87
(291
2.27
2.43
n/m
16.0
(16.7
)%
(6.2
56.5
57.1
56,521
67,018
434
80,245
54,147
273,458
231,790
6,115
6,253
63,985
72,845
67,315
63,212
9,932
12,699
Common equity/Allocated equity (3)
10,517
11,595
2,078
2,120
14,190
11,866
Reconciliations of the four business segments revenue and net income to consolidated totals follow:
Segments' revenue
8,847
8,505
Adjustments:
Revenue associated with unassigned capital
172
161
Asset and liability management activities (1)
163
Liquidating businesses
106
Taxable-equivalent basis adjustment
(152
(242
(129
Consolidated revenue
Segments' net income
2,126
2,118
Adjustments, net of taxes:
28
Earnings associated with unassigned capital
115
112
(12
(117
(73
Consolidated net income
(1) Includes whole mortgage loan sale gains.
The adjustments presented in the table above include consolidated income and expense amounts not specifically allocated to individual business segments.
Note 8Special Purpose Financing Entities
Securitizations
The Corporation securitizes assets and may retain a portion or all of the securities, subordinated tranches, interest only strips and, in some cases, a cash reserve account, all of which are considered retained interests in the securitized assets. Those assets may be serviced by the Corporation or by third parties to whom the servicing has been sold.
Variable Interest Entities
In January 2003, the FASB issued FIN 46 (the interpretation), which provides a new framework for identifying VIEs and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements. As a result, the Corporation expects that it will have to consolidate its multi-seller asset-backed conduits beginning in the third quarter of 2003, as required by the interpretation. As of March 31, 2003, the assets of these entities were approximately $24.5 billion. The actual amount that will be consolidated is dependent on actions taken by the Corporation and its customers prior to September 30, 2003. Management is assessing alternatives with regards to these entities including restructuring the entities and/or alternative sources of cost-efficient funding for the Corporations customers and expects that the amount of assets consolidated will be less than the $24.5 billion due to these actions and those of its customers. Revenues from administration, liquidity, letters of credit and other services provided to these entities were approximately $50 million and $36 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The interpretation requires that for entities to be consolidated that those assets be initially recorded at their carrying amounts at the date the requirements of the interpretation first apply. If determining carrying amounts as required is
impractical, then the assets are to be measured at fair value the first date the interpretation applies. Any difference between the net amount added to the Corporations Consolidated Balance Sheet and the amount of any previously recognized interest in the newly consolidated entity shall be recognized as the cumulative effect of an accounting change. Management is currently evaluating the impact of this interpretation on the financial statements. At March 31, 2003, the Corporations liquidity and letter of credit exposure associated with the multi-seller conduits administered by the Corporation was approximately $21.0 billion. Management does not believe any losses resulting from its administration of these conduits will be material.
Additionally, the Corporation has significant involvement with other VIEs that it will not likely consolidate because it is not considered the primary beneficiary. In all such cases, the Corporation does not absorb the majority of the entities expected losses nor does it receive a majority of the entities expected residual returns, or both. These entities facilitate client transactions, and the Corporation functions as administrator for all of these and provides either liquidity and letters of credit or derivatives to the VIE. Total assets of these entities at March 31, 2003 were approximately $11.0 billion; revenues associated with administration, liquidity, letters of credit and other services were approximately $36 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003. At March 31, 2003, the Corporations loss exposure associated with these VIEs was approximately $5.1 billion. Management does not believe any losses resulting from its involvement with these entities will be material.
See Notes 1 and 8 of the consolidated financial statements of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report for a more detailed discussion of special purpose financing entities.
18
Item 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
This report on Form 10-Q contains certain statements that are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, our forward-looking statements. Words such as expects, anticipates, believes, estimates, other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as will, should, would, and could are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Readers of the Corporations Form 10-Q should not rely solely on the forward-looking statements and should consider all uncertainties and risks throughout this report as well as those discussed in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report. The statements are representative only as of the date they are made, and the Corporation undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.
Possible events or factors that could cause results or performance to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements include the following: changes in general economic conditions and economic conditions in the geographic regions and industries in which the Corporation operates which may affect, among other things, the level of nonperforming assets, charge-offs, and provision expense; changes in the interest rate environment which may reduce interest margins and impact funding sources; changes in foreign exchange rates; adverse movements and volatility in debt and equity capital markets; changes in market rates and prices which may adversely impact the value of financial products including securities, loans, deposits, debt and derivative financial instruments and other similar financial instruments; political conditions including the threat of future terrorist activity and related actions by the United States Military abroad which may adversely affect the companys businesses and economic conditions as a whole; litigation liabilities, including costs, expenses, settlements and judgments; changes in domestic or foreign tax laws, rules and regulations as well as Internal Revenue Service or other governmental agencies interpretations thereof; various monetary and fiscal policies and regulations, including those determined by the Federal Reserve Board, the Office of the Comptroller of Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and state regulators; competition with other local, regional and international banks, thrifts, credit unions and other nonbank financial institutions; ability to grow core businesses; ability to develop and introduce new banking-related products, services and enhancements and gain market acceptance of such products; mergers and acquisitions and their integration into the Corporation; decisions to downsize, sell or close units or otherwise change the business mix of the Corporation; and managements ability to manage these and other risks.
The Corporation is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, operates in 21 states and the District of Columbia and has offices located in 30 countries. The Corporation provides a diversified range of banking and certain nonbanking financial services and products both domestically and internationally through four business segments:Consumer and Commercial Banking, Asset Management, Global Corporate and Investment Banking and Equity Investments. Notes to the consolidated financial statements referred to in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition are incorporated by reference into Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
Performance overview for the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002:
Net income totaled $2.4 billion, or $1.59 per diluted common share, compared to $2.2 billion, or $1.38 per diluted common share. The return on average common shareholders equity was 19.92 percent compared to 18.64 percent.
In the first quarter of 2003, we saw an increase in net income for all three of our major businesses, and we continued to experience strong core business fundamentals in the areas of customer satisfaction and product/market performance that have created momentum for the remainder of 2003.
Customer satisfaction continued to increase for the quarter, resulting in better retention and increased opportunities to deepen relationships with our customers. Delighted or highly satisfied customers, those who rate us a 9 or 10 on a 10-point scale, increased six percent.
We increased net new consumer checking accounts by approximately 243,000 compared to a net increase of approximately 122,000 in the comparable period driven by improvement in our ability to retain existing accounts and the popularity of MyAccess Checking.
Our active online banking customers reached 5.2 million, a 57 percent increase. Active bill pay customers increased more than 100 percent to two million. For the quarter, two million active bill pay users paid over $9.5 billion of bills.
First mortgage originations increased $14.7 billion to $32.6 billion, as low mortgage interest rates drove home purchase and refinance volumes, coupled with expanded market coverage from our deployment of LoanSolutions®, which was first rolled out in the second quarter of 2002. Total mortgages funded through LoanSolutions® totaled $9 billion for the quarter.
On March 5, 2003, we closed our previously announced agreement to acquire a 24.9 percent stake in Grupo Financiero Santander Serfin (GFSS), the subsidiary of Santander Central Hispano in Mexico, for $1.6 billion.
Despite a challenging market, we continued to gain market share in areas such as mortgage-backed securities and convertibles while maintaining a strong share in fixed income and syndicated loan products in Global Corporate and Investment Banking.
Financial highlights for the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002:
Net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis increased $114 million. This increase was driven by the impact of higher trading-related contributions, consumer loan growth and higher levels of core deposit funding, partially offset by the negative impact of rates and discretionary portfolio repositioning in the declining rate environment and reductions in loan levels in the large corporate and commercial portfolios as well as exited consumer loan businesses. The net interest yield on a taxable-equivalent basis declined 33 basis points, primarily due to the negative impact of rates and discretionary portfolio positioning in the declining rate environment and higher trading-related assets, partially offset by higher levels of core deposit funding and credit card loans.
Noninterest income increased $245 million driven by increases in consumer-based fee income and gains recognized in our whole mortgage loan portfolio as we sold some whole mortgage loans to manage prepayment risk due to lower interest rates. Offsetting this increase were declines in trading account profits and equity investment gains primarily driven by the weakened economic environment. Affecting trading account profits was a net
20
reduction in the value of our mortgage banking assets of $114 million as a result of faster prepayment speeds and lower interest rates. Other noninterest income included gains from whole mortgage loan sales of $242 million compared to $46 million. Other noninterest income also included equity in the earnings of our investment in GFSS of $14 million. Gains on sales of securities were $273 million, an increase of $229 million as we continued to reposition the discretionary portfolio to take advantage of interest rate fluctuations and reduce certain exposure to rising rates.
The provision for credit losses remained relatively flat. Net charge-offs were $833 million and represented 0.98 percent of average loans and leases, a decrease of six basis points. Increases in credit card and commercialforeign were partially offset by a decrease in commercialdomestic net charge-offs.
Nonperforming assets decreased $229 million to $5.0 billion, or 1.46 percent of loans, leases and foreclosed properties at March 31, 2003 compared to December 31, 2002. This decline was driven by lower nonperforming assets in the large corporate portfolio due to nonperforming loan sales and repayments within Global Corporate and Investment Banking and improved credit quality in the commercial portfolio within Consumer and Commercial Banking.
Noninterest expense increased $223 million, primarily due to increases in data processing, marketing, employee benefits and occupancy expenses. Data processing expense reflects increases in online bill payers and card processing due to higher volumes. Marketing expense increased as we continued to expand our advertising campaign. Advertising efforts primarily focused on card and online banking and bill pay. Employee benefits expense increased as we began expensing stock options in the first quarter of 2003 and due to the impacts of a change in the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets to 8.5 percent for 2003 and a change in the discount rate from 7.25 percent in 2002 to 6.75 percent in 2003 for the Bank of America Pension Plan. Occupancy expense increased due to higher utility and property tax expenses.
Income tax expense was $1.2 billion resulting in an effective tax rate of 33.0 percent, compared to $1.1 billion and an effective tax rate of 34.0 percent.
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Table 1
Selected Financial Data
Income statement
Average diluted common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands)
Performance ratios
Return on average assets
1.39
Return on average common shareholders equity
19.92
18.64
Total equity to total assets (period end)
7.36
7.77
Total average equity to total average assets
6.93
7.44
Dividend payout ratio
39.64
42.48
Per common share data
Cash dividends declared
Book value
33.38
31.15
Average balance sheet
61,368
61,713
5,981
Common shareholders equity
Total shareholders equity
49,400
47,456
Risk-based capital ratios (period end)
Tier 1 capital
8.20
8.48
Total capital
12.29
12.93
Leverage ratio
6.25
6.72
Market price per share of common stock
Closing
66.84
68.02
High
72.50
69.61
Low
64.26
57.51
Supplemental Financial Data
In managing our business, we use certain performance measures and ratios, including shareholder value added (SVA), taxable-equivalent net interest income and core net interest income that are not defined in GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles). We also calculate certain measures, such as the net interest yield and the efficiency ratio, on a taxable-equivalent basis. Other companies may define or calculate supplemental financial data differently. See Tables 2 and 3 for supplemental financial data for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002.
SVA is a key measure of performance used in managing our growth strategy orientation and strengthening our focus on generating long-term growth and shareholder value. SVA is used in measuring performance of our different business units and is an integral component for allocating resources. Each business segment has a goal for growth in SVA reflecting the individual segments business and customer strategy. Investment resources and initiatives are aligned with these SVA growth goals during the planning and forecasting process. Investment, relationship and profitability models all have SVA as a key measure to support the implementation of SVA growth goals. SVA is defined as cash basis earnings less a charge for the use of capital. Cash basis earnings is net income adjusted to
22
exclude amortization of intangibles. The charge for the use of capital is calculated by multiplying 11 percent (managements estimate of the shareholders minimum required rate of return on capital invested) by average total common shareholders equity at the corporate level and by average allocated equity at the business segment level. Equity is allocated to the business segments using a risk-adjusted methodology for each segments credit, market, country and operational risk. SVA increased 37 percent to $1.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2003 from the comparable 2002 period, due to both the $244 million increase in cash basis earnings and the decrease in capital charge, which was driven by the reduction in managements estimate of the rate used to calculate the charge for the use of capital from 12% to 11% in the first quarter of 2003. See Table 2 for the calculation of SVA and for additional discussion, see Business Segment Operations beginning on page 24.
We review net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis, which is a performance measure used by management in operating the business, that we believe provides investors with a more accurate picture of the interest margin for comparative purposes. In this presentation, net interest income is adjusted to reflect tax-exempt interest income on an equivalent before-tax basis. For purposes of this calculation, we use the federal statutory tax rate. This measure ensures comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. Net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis is also used in the calculation of the efficiency ratio and the net interest yield. The efficiency ratio, which is calculated by dividing noninterest expense by total revenue, measures how much it costs to produce one dollar of revenue. Net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis is also used in our business segment reporting.
Table 2
Taxable-equivalent basis data
Net interest yield
Efficiency ratio
52.14
51.74
Amortization expense
Capital charge
(1,338
(1,402
Additionally, we review core net interest income, which adjusts reported net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis for the impact of Global Corporate and Investment Bankings trading-related activities and loans that we originated and sold into revolving credit card and commercial securitizations. Noninterest income, rather than net interest income, is recorded for assets that have been securitized as we take on the role of servicer and record servicing income and gains or losses on securitizations, where appropriate. For purposes of internal analysis, we combine trading-related net interest income with trading account profits, as discussed in the Global Corporate and Investment Banking business segment discussion beginning on page 27, as trading strategies are evaluated based on total revenue.
23
Table 3 below provides a reconciliation of net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis presented in Table 4 to core net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002:
Table 3
Core Net Interest Income
As reported on a taxable-equivalent basis
Trading-related net interest income
(608
(433
Impact of revolving securitizations
98
Core net interest income
4,851
4,971
Average earning assets
As reported
613,092
549,111
Trading-related earning assets
(158,419
(113,080
4,477
8,452
Core average earning assets
459,150
444,483
Net interest yield on earning assets
Impact of trading-related activities
0.69
0.61
0.04
0.06
Core net interest yield on earning assets
4.25
4.52
Core net interest income decreased $120 million driven by the negative impact of rates and discretionary portfolio repositioning in the declining rate environment and reduced loan levels in large corporate, commercial and exited consumer loan businesses, partially offset by the impact of consumer loan growth and higher levels of core deposit funding.
Core average earning assets increased $14.7 billion primarily due to higher levels of residential mortgage and credit card loans and loans held for sale, partially offset by reductions in securities and loan levels in the large corporate, commercial and exited consumer loan businesses.
The core net interest yield decreased 27 basis points mainly due to the negative impact of rates and discretionary portfolio repositioning in the declining rate environment, partially offset by the impact of higher levels of core deposit funding and credit card loans.
Complex Accounting Estimates and Principles
Our significant accounting principles are described in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements and are essential to understanding Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition. Some of these accounting principles require significant judgment to estimate values of either assets or liabilities. In addition, certain accounting principles require significant judgment in applying the complex accounting principles to individual transactions to determine the most appropriate treatment. We have established procedures and processes to facilitate making the judgments necessary to prepare financial statements. For a complete discussion of the more judgmental and complex accounting estimates and principles of the Corporation, see Complex Accounting Estimates and Principles on pages 29 through 30 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
See Note 1 for Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements.
Business Segment Operations
We provide our clients both traditional banking and nonbanking financial products and services through four business segments: Consumer and Commercial Banking, Asset Management, Global Corporate and Investment Banking and Equity Investments. Certain subsegments are managed through a single business segment.
Descriptions of each business segment and subsegment can be found in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report on pages 32 through 36.
See Note 7 of the consolidated financial statements for additional business segment information, selected financial information for the business segments, reconciliations to consolidated amounts and information on Corporate Other. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified among segments and their components to conform to the current period presentation.
Consumer and Commercial Banking
Total revenue increased $383 million, or seven percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Net income increased $35 million, or two percent. SVA increased seven percent driven by the increase in net income and the decrease in the capital charge due to the reduction in the rate used to calculate the charge for the use of capital.
Our Consumer and Commercial Banking strategy is to attract, retain and deepen customer relationships. A critical component of that strategy includes continuously improving customer satisfaction. We believe that this focus will help us to achieve our goal of being recognized as the best retail bank in America. Customers reporting that they were delighted with their service increased six percent for the three months ended March 31, 2003. We added 243,000 net new checking accounts for the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to 122,000 for the comparable 2002 period driven by ongoing improvement in our ability to retain existing accounts and the popularity of MyAccess Checking. Access to our services through online banking, which saw a 57 percent increase in active online subscribers, our network of domestic banking centers, card products, ATMs, telephone and internet channels, and our product innovations such as an expedited mortgage application process through LoanSolutions®were factors contributing to revenue growth and success with our customers.
Net interest income increased $49 million, primarily due to a favorable shift in loan mix and overall loan and deposit growth. These increases were partially offset by the compression of deposit interest margins and the results of asset and liability management (ALM) activities.
Net interest income was positively impacted by the $4.4 billion, or two percent, increase in average loans and leases for the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002 as an increase in consumer loans was partially offset by a decline in commercial loans. Average on-balance sheet credit card outstandings increased 27 percent, primarily due to new account growth and an increase in new advances on previously securitized balances that are recorded on our balance sheet after the revolving period of the securitization. Average managed credit card outstandings, which include securitized credit card loans, increased 10 percent. Average residential mortgage loans increased four percent, primarily driven by the refinancing environment due to lower interest rates. A five percent increase in average home equity lines and a four percent increase in average direct/indirect loans also contributed to consumer loan growth. The decline in average commercial loans of five percent was driven by paydowns, liquidations, lower hold levels, reduced utilization of existing facilities and soft loan demand. Compared to December 31, 2002, average commercial loans increased four percent as we began to see signs of growth in the middle market business at the end of last year continuing into the first quarter of 2003.
Deposit growth also positively impacted net interest income. Higher consumer deposit balances due to significant growth in net new checking accounts, increased money market accounts due to an emphasis on total relationship balances and customer preference for stable investments in these uncertain economic times drove the $19.0 billion, or seven percent, increase in average deposits for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Significant Noninterest Income Components
Service charges
1,053
957
(121
(8
Increases in service charges, mortgage banking income and card income drove the $334 million, or 17 percent, increase in noninterest income. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in trading account profits.
Both corporate and consumer service charges drove the $96 million, or 10 percent, increase in service charges. Corporate service charges increased $10 million, or four percent, as customers opted to pay service charges rather than maintain additional deposit balances in the lower rate environment. Increased levels of deposit fees from new account growth and favorable repricing drove the $86 million, or 13 percent, increase in consumer service charges.
An increase in net first mortgage loan origination income driven by higher mortgage sales was the main contributor to the $210 million increase in mortgage banking income. An increase in total volume of originated first mortgage loans of $14.7 billion to $32.6 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2003 is primarily attributed to the current elevated refinancing levels and the successful deployment of LoanSolutions®. First mortgage loan origination volume was composed of approximately $21.8 billion of retail loans and $10.8 billion of wholesale loans for the three months ended March 31, 2003, compared to $13.0 billion of retail loans and $4.9 billion of wholesale loans for the three months ended March 31, 2002. An increase in mortgage prepayments resulting from the significant decrease in mortgage interest rates drove the $34.0 billion decline in the average portfolio of first mortgage loans serviced to $259.0 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Increases in both debit and credit card income drove the 18 percent increase in card income. The increase in debit card income of $43 million, or 26 percent, was driven by increases in purchase volumes. Higher interchange fees related to increased credit card purchase volumes as well as higher late and overlimit fees contributed to the $61 million, or 15 percent, increase in credit card income. Card income included activity from the securitized portfolio of $41 million and $46 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Noninterest income, rather than net interest income, is recorded for assets that have been securitized as we take on the role of servicer and record servicing income and gains or losses on securitizations, where appropriate. New advances under these previously securitized balances will be recorded on our balance sheet after the revolving period of the securitization, which has the effect of increasing loans on our balance sheet and increasing net interest income and charge-offs, with a corresponding reduction in noninterest income.
Trading account profits represents the net mark-to-market adjustments on mortgage banking assets and the related derivative instruments. Impacting trading account profits for the three months ended March 31, 2003 was a net reduction in the value of our mortgage banking assets of $114 million, primarily due to the impact of faster prepayment speeds. This reduction drove the overall decline in trading account profits. Mortgage banking assets decreased to $2.0 billion at March 31, 2003 compared to $2.1 billion at December 31, 2002 due to higher prepayments in the lower interest rate environment, partially offset by the strong volume of new originations.
Higher provision in the credit card loan portfolio, partially offset by a decline in commercial banking provision resulted in a $61 million, or 14 percent, increase in the provision for credit losses. The increase in credit card provision was primarily attributable to portfolio seasoning of outstandings from new account growth in prior years, new advances on previously securitized balances, higher bankruptcies and a weaker economic environment. Seasoning refers to the length of time passed since an account was opened. The reduction in the commercial banking provision was driven by the reduction in average commercial loans and leases and improved credit quality during the first quarter of 2003.
Noninterest expense increased $240 million, or nine percent, primarily due to increases in personnel expense, marketing and promotional fees and data processing expense. Increases in employee benefits expense and incentive compensation due to higher mortgage production drove the increase in personnel expense. The increase in marketing and promotional fees was primarily due to increased advertising and marketing investments in online banking and bill pay and card products. The increase in data processing expense was primarily attributable to increases in online bill payers and card processing due to higher volumes.
Asset Management
Despite the drop in market indices by more than 20 percent from a year ago, total revenue declined only $20 million, or three percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Net income increased two percent. SVA declined six percent as an increase in capital levels was partially offset by the increase in net income and the decrease in the capital charge. The increase in capital levels was driven by additional goodwill recorded in 2002
representing final contingent consideration in connection with the acquisition of the remaining 50 percent of Marsico Capital Management, LLC. During 2003, Asset Management will continue to grow its distribution capabilities to better serve the financial needs of its clients across the franchise, with a goal of increasing the number of financial advisors by approximately 20 percent.
Client Assets
(Dollars in billions)
Assets under management
297.0
314.9
Client brokerage assets
90.8
96.6
Assets in custody
45.1
46.0
Total client assets
432.9
457.5
Assets under management, which consist largely of mutual funds, equities and bonds, generate fees based on a percentage of their market value. Compared to a year ago, assets under management decreased $17.9 billion, or six percent, as the decline in equity funds due to the weakened economic environment was partially offset by an increase in fixed income funds. Client brokerage assets, a source of commission revenue, decreased $5.8 billion, or six percent, reflecting the current market environment. Client brokerage assets consist largely of investments in bonds, mutual funds, annuities and equities. Assets in custody represent trust assets managed for customers. Trust assets encompass a broad range of asset types including real estate, private company ownership interest, personal property and investments.
Net interest income decreased $8 million, or four percent, primarily driven by the results of ALM activities and lower loan balances, partially offset by growth in deposits. Average loans and leases declined $2.1 billion, or nine percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Average deposits increased $1.0 billion, or nine percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Asset management fees(1)
277
271
Brokerage income
111
373
Noninterest income decreased $12 million, or three percent. This decline was primarily due to a decrease in investment and brokerage services activities, which reflected the current market environment. Declines in personal asset management fees and brokerage income more than offset an increase in mutual fund fees.
Provision for credit losses decreased $30 million, primarily driven by higher recoveries in the first quarter of 2003.
Noninterest expense increased $7 million, or two percent, as increased expense related to the addition of financial advisors over the past four quarters was partially offset by lower revenue-related incentive compensation.
Global Corporate and Investment Banking
Total revenue increased $58 million, or three percent, primarily driven by an increase in trading-related revenue and investment banking income for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Net income increased $24 million, or five percent. The increase in net income, lower economic capital primarily due to reductions in loan levels and the decrease in the capital charge drove the 65 percent increase in SVA.
27
Net interest income increased by $114 million, or 10 percent, as the result of higher net interest income from trading-related activities, partially offset by lower commercial loan levels and the results of ALM activities. Average loans and leases declined $10.5 billion, or 16 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Noninterest income decreased $56 million, or five percent, as a decline in trading account profits was partially offset by an increase in investment banking income. Both service charges and investment and brokerage services remained flat. The decline in trading account profits was primarily due to the level and mix of mortgage-backed traded assets and related off-balance sheet hedge instruments, which was offset by increased levels of related net interest income.
Trading-related net interest income as well as trading account profits in noninterest income (trading-related revenue) are presented in the following table as they are both considered in evaluating the overall profitability of our trading activities.
Trading-related Revenue in
Net interest income(1)
303
359
911
792
Revenue by product
Interest rate(1)
Credit(2)
379
249
(1) Presented on a taxable-equivalent basis.
(2) Credit includes credit fixed income and credit derivatives used for trading and credit risk management.
Trading-related revenue increased $119 million, as the $175 million increase in net interest income was partially offset by a $56 million decrease in trading account profits. The overall increase was primarily due to an increase in revenue from credit products of $130 million, which was attributable to the narrowing of credit spreads and strong customer activity, particularly in high grade and high yield bonds, partially offset by losses on credit default swaps used in credit risk management. Also contributing to the overall increase was a $27 million increase in revenue from commodities trading as a result of increased customer sales and trading opportunities relating to geopolitical events during the quarter. Partially offsetting these increases was a decline in interest rate products of $34 million resulting from lower profits on strategic positions.
Investment Banking Income in
Securities underwriting
200
Syndications
102
68
Advisory services
59
328
Investment banking income increased $45 million, or 14 percent, compared to the prior year. We continued to gain market share with our most significant market share gains in mortgage-backed securities and convertible bond offerings. The market for securities underwriting declined for high grade and equity offerings; however, our continued strong market share in fixed income and equity offerings resulted in a three percent increase in securities underwriting fees. We also continued to maintain strong market share in syndicated loan products, which drove an increase in syndication fees of $34 million. Advisory services income remained flat.
The adverse economic environment in 2002 continued through the first quarter of 2003, which drove the $8 million, or three percent, increase in provision for credit losses. In addition to credit losses reflected in provision expense, included in other income for the three months ended March 31, 2003 were losses from writedowns of approximately $31 million related to partnership interests in leveraged leases to the airline industry.
Noninterest expense increased slightly, primarily due to higher expenses of approximately $40 million associated with our repositioning in South America, partially offset by lower market-based incentive compensation.
It is anticipated that the remainder of 2003 will be challenging for the investment banking industry. We will continue to monitor market developments and take actions necessary to adjust resources accordingly to maintain our focus on revenue, net income and SVA.
Equity Investments
For the three months ended March 31, 2003, both revenue and net income decreased substantially, primarily due to reduced cash gains and negative fair value adjustments. The equity investment portfolio in Principal Investing remained relatively flat at $5.8 billion at March 31, 2003 compared to December 31, 2002.
Net interest income consists primarily of the internal funding cost associated with the carrying value of investments.
Equity Investment Gains (Losses) in Principal Investing
Three Months EndedMarch 31
Cash gains
45
150
Impairments
(77
(140
Fair value adjustments
(41
Noninterest income primarily consists of equity investment gains (losses). Weakness in equity markets for the three months ended March 31, 2003 was the primary driver for the decline in equity investment gains (losses). Impairments and fair value adjustments recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 were driven by continuing depressed levels of economic activity across many sectors both domestically and internationally.
Risk Management
Our corporate governance structure enables us to manage all major aspects of our business through an integrated planning and review process that includes strategic, financial, associate and risk planning. We derive our revenue from assuming and managing customer risk for profit. Through a robust governance structure, risk and return is evaluated to produce sustainable revenue, to reduce earnings volatility and increase shareholder value. Our business exposes us to four major risks: liquidity, credit, market and operational. For additional detail on risk management activities, see pages 36 through 37 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
29
Table 4
Quarterly Average Balances and Interest RatesTaxable-Equivalent Basis
First Quarter 2003
Fourth Quarter 2002
Average Balance
Interest Income/ Expense
Yield/ Rate
Earning assets
6,987
2.49
8,853
57,873
1.35
49,169
208
1.68
99,085
4.27
84,181
994
4.71
Securities
67,784
793
4.69
83,751
1,078
5.15
Loans and leases (1):
103,663
1,836
7.18
105,333
1,777
6.70
18,876
156
3.35
20,538
3.48
19,955
4.37
20,359
245
4.77
301
3.88
426
3.93
142,795
2,210
6.27
146,656
2,206
5.97
113,695
1,582
5.59
108,019
1,699
6.28
23,054
267
23,347
5.10
31,393
503
6.49
30,643
523
6.76
8,012
154
7.76
8,943
174
7.75
24,684
644
10.57
23,535
613
10.33
3.45
1,956
202,867
3,167
6.30
196,443
3,326
6.74
5,377
6.29
343,099
5,532
6.41
Other earning assets
35,701
417
32,828
5.07
Total earning assets (2)
7,877
5.18
601,881
8,285
5.48
21,699
21,242
Other assets, less allowance for credit losses
78,508
72,345
695,468
Interest-bearing liabilities
Domestic interest-bearing deposits:
Savings
22,916
0.59
22,142
35
0.63
NOW and money market deposit accounts
142,338
291
0.83
137,229
325
0.94
Consumer CDs and IRAs
66,937
695
4.21
66,266
728
4.36
Negotiable CDs, public funds and other time deposits
3,598
1.78
3,400
1.97
Total domestic interest-bearing deposits
235,789
1,036
229,037
1,105
1.91
Foreign interest-bearing deposits (3):
Banks located in foreign countries
14,218
80
15,286
104
2.70
Governments and official institutions
1,785
1.31
1,737
Time, savings and other
18,071
17,929
Total foreign interest-bearing deposits
34,074
1.75
34,952
187
2.12
Total interest-bearing deposits
269,863
263,989
1,292
1.94
Federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other short-term borrowings
123,041
1.49
123,434
558
1.79
34,858
3.58
30,445
289
3.77
Long-term debt and trust preferred securities
67,399
3.40
65,702
609
3.71
Total interest-bearing liabilities (2)
495,161
2.05
483,570
2,748
2.26
Noninterest-bearing sources:
Noninterest-bearing deposits
115,897
117,392
Other liabilities
52,841
46,432
Shareholders equity
48,074
Total liabilities and shareholders equity
Net interest spread
3.13
3.22
Impact of noninterest-bearing sources
0.39
0.44
Net interest income/yield on earning assets
5,537
3.66
30
Third Quarter 2002
Second Quarter 2002
First Quarter 2002
10,396
63
2.41
10,673
2.37
10,242
40,294
1.76
48,426
270
2.23
44,682
85,129
1,017
4.76
78,113
961
4.93
70,613
888
5.06
76,484
1,120
5.85
67,291
939
73,542
963
5.24
106,039
1,728
6.47
111,522
1,887
6.78
116,160
1,978
6.90
21,256
206
21,454
212
3.97
21,917
226
4.17
20,576
265
21,486
258
4.83
22,251
275
5.01
425
3.92
393
5.14
389
4.00
148,296
2,203
5.90
154,855
2,362
6.12
160,717
2,483
6.26
104,590
1,733
6.61
94,726
1,602
6.77
81,104
1,389
6.88
23,275
314
5.35
22,579
305
5.41
22,010
294
5.42
30,029
530
7.01
30,021
542
7.25
30,360
550
7.34
10,043
201
7.97
11,053
12,134
255
8.46
22,263
583
10.38
20,402
510
10.01
19,383
490
10.26
1,988
3.83
2,048
2,093
192,188
3,380
7.00
180,829
3,204
7.10
167,084
2,997
7.24
340,484
5,583
6.52
335,684
5,566
6.65
5,480
27,461
5.61
22,005
353
6.42
22,231
580,248
8,348
5.73
562,192
8,152
5.81
7,965
5.86
20,202
21,200
22,037
68,699
63,207
66,530
669,149
646,599
22,047
36
21,841
20,716
132,939
362
1.08
129,856
346
1.07
127,218
335
67,179
746
4.40
68,015
764
4.51
69,359
730
4,254
4.73
4,635
4,671
32
2.82
226,419
1,195
2.09
224,347
1,174
2.10
221,964
1,130
2.06
17,044
2.85
14,048
108
3.10
15,464
107
2.79
2,188
1.85
2,449
1.89
2,904
1.96
18,686
86
1.83
18,860
90
19,620
93
1.93
37,918
219
2.29
35,357
2.38
37,988
214
264,337
1,414
259,704
1,384
2.14
259,952
108,281
526
97,579
529
2.17
86,870
33,038
342
4.11
31,841
344
4.34
31,066
3.72
64,880
601
65,940
633
3.84
67,694
3.62
470,536
2,883
2.44
455,064
2,890
2.55
445,582
2.47
109,596
106,282
104,451
42,365
36,979
40,189
46,652
48,274
3.29
3.26
3.39
0.46
0.49
5,465
3.75
5,262
31
Liquidity Risk Management
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity is the ongoing ability to accommodate liability maturities and withdrawals, fund asset growth and otherwise meet contractual obligations through generally unconstrained access to funding at reasonable market rates. Liquidity management involves maintaining ample and diverse funding capacity, liquid assets and other sources of cash to accommodate fluctuations in asset and liability levels due to business shocks or unanticipated events. More detailed information on the Corporations liquidity risk is included in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report on pages 37 through 41.
One ratio used to monitor liquidity trends is the loan to domestic deposit (LTD) ratio. The LTD ratio was 94 and 97 percent at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively. The following provides information regarding our deposit and funding activities and needs, followed by a discussion of our customer lending activity and needs.
We originate loans both for retention on the balance sheet and for distribution. As part of our originate-to-distribute strategy, commercial loan originations are distributed through syndication structures, and residential mortgages originated by the mortgage group are frequently distributed in the secondary market. In addition, in connection with our balance sheet management activities, from time to time we may retain mortgage loans originated as well as purchase and sell loans based on our assessment of new market conditions.
Deposits and Other Funding Sources
Deposits are a key source of funding. Table 4 provides information on the average amounts of deposits and the rates paid by deposit category. Average deposits increased $21.4 billion to $385.8 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002 due to a $13.8 billion increase in average domestic interest-bearing deposits and an $11.5 billion increase in average noninterest-bearing deposits, partially offset by a $3.9 billion decrease in average foreign interest-bearing deposits. We typically categorize our deposits into either core or market-based deposits. Core deposits, which are generally customer-based, are an important stable, low-cost funding source and typically react more slowly to interest rate changes than market-based deposits. Core deposits exclude negotiable CDs, public funds, other domestic time deposits and foreign interest-bearing deposits. Average core deposits increased $26.3 billion to $348.1 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2003. The increase was due to significant growth in net new checking accounts, increased money market accounts due to an emphasis on total relationship balances and customer preference for stable investments in these uncertain economic times, partially offset by a decline in consumer CDs and IRAs which was primarily driven by a change in product mix to money market and other deposit accounts. Market-based deposit funding decreased $5.0 billion to $37.7 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2003, as we were able to utilize more core deposits to fund loans and other assets. Deposits on average represented 54 percent and 57 percent of total sources of funds for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Additional sources of funds include short-term borrowings, long-term debt and shareholders equity. Average short-term borrowings, a relatively low-cost source of funds, were up $36.2 billion to $123.0 billion primarily due to increases in repurchase agreements, which were used to fund asset growth. For the three months ended March 31, 2003, issuances and repayments of long-term debt were $4.6 billion and $3.1 billion, respectively.
Subsequent to March 31, 2003 and through May 7, 2003, we issued $362 million of long-term senior and subordinated debt, with maturities ranging from 2008 to 2043.
Subsequent to March 31, 2003 and through May 7, 2003, BAC Capital Trust IV, a wholly-owned grantor trust, issued $350 million of trust preferred securities. The annual dividend rate is 5.88 percent and is paid quarterly on February 1, May 1, August 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing August 1, 2003. Also, we gave notice of the upcoming redemption of the 7.00 percent trust preferred securities issued by BankAmerica Capital IV effective May 30, 2003 with a redemption price of $25 per security plus accrued and unpaid distributions up to but excluding the redemption date of May 30, 2003.
Obligations and Commitments
The Corporation has contractual obligations to make future payments on debt and lease agreements. These types of obligations are more fully discussed in Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements and Notes 11 and 12 of the consolidated financial statements of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
Many of our lending relationships contain both funded and unfunded elements. The funded portion is represented by the average balance sheet levels. The unfunded component of these commitments is not recorded on our balance sheet until a draw is made under the loan facility. Loan commitments were flat at March 31, 2003
compared to December 31, 2002 as an increase in consumer commitments of $2.4 billion was offset by a $2.3 billion decrease in commercial commitments.
These commitments, as well as guarantees, are more fully discussed in Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements.
The following table summarizes the total unfunded, or off-balance sheet, credit extension commitment amounts by expiration date.
Table 5
Expires in 1 year or less
Thereafter
Loan commitments(1)
99,690
113,078
18,925
10,974
2,632
321
121,247
124,373
197,121
(1) Equity commitments of $2.1 billion and $2.2 billion primarily related to obligations to fund existing venture capital equity investments were included in loan commitments at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
Off-Balance Sheet Financing Entities
In addition to traditional lending, we also support our customers financing needs by facilitating their access to the commercial paper markets. These markets provide an attractive, lower-cost financing alternative for our customers. Our customers sell assets, such as high-grade trade or other receivables or leases, to a commercial paper financing entity, which in turn issues high-grade short-term commercial paper that is collateralized by the assets sold. The purpose and use of these types of entities are more fully discussed in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report beginning on page 39.
We receive fees for providing combinations of liquidity, standby letters of credit (SBLCs) or similar loss protection commitments, and derivatives to the commercial paper financing entities. We manage our credit risk on these commitments by subjecting them to our normal underwriting and risk management processes. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, we had off-balance sheet liquidity commitments and SBLCs to these financing entities of $33.8 billion and $34.2 billion, respectively. Substantially all of these liquidity commitments and SBLCs mature within one year. Net revenues earned from fees associated with these financing entities were approximately $88 million and $72 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an interpretation that addresses off-balance sheet financing entities. As a result, we expect that we will have to consolidate our multi-seller asset-backed conduits beginning in the third quarter of 2003, as required by the interpretation. As of March 31, 2003, the assets of these entities were approximately $24.5 billion. The actual amount that will be consolidated is dependent on actions that we and our customers take prior to September 30, 2003. Management is assessing alternatives with regards to these entities including restructuring the entities and/or alternative sources of cost-efficient funding for our customers and expects that the amount of assets consolidated will be less than the $24.5 billion due to these actions and those of its customers. Revenues from administration, liquidity, letters of credit and other services provided to these entities were approximately $50 million and $36 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The interpretation requires that for entities to be consolidated that those assets be initially recorded at their carrying amounts at the date the requirements of the interpretation first apply. If determining carrying amounts as required is impractical, then the assets are to be measured at fair value the first date the interpretation applies.
Any difference between the net amount added to our Consolidated Balance Sheet and the amount of any previously recognized interest in the newly consolidated entity shall be recognized as the cumulative effect of an accounting change. Had we adopted the rule in 2002, there would have been no material impact to net income. See Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report for a discussion regarding managements estimated impact of the interpretation in 2003.
In addition, to control our capital position, diversify funding sources and provide customers with commercial paper investments, from time to time we will sell assets to off-balance sheet commercial paper entities. The commercial paper entities are special purpose entities that have been isolated beyond our reach or that of our creditors, even in the event of bankruptcy or other receivership. Assets sold to the entities consist primarily of high-grade corporate or municipal bonds, collateralized debt obligations and asset-backed securities. The purpose and use of these types of entities are more fully discussed in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report beginning on page 39.
We also receive fees for the services we provide to the entities, and we manage any credit or market risk on commitments or derivatives through normal underwriting and risk management processes. Derivative activity related to these entities is included in Note 3 of the consolidated financial statements. At both March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, we had off-balance sheet liquidity commitments, SBLCs and other financial guarantees to the financing entities of $4.5 billion. Substantially all of these liquidity commitments, SBLCs and other financial guarantees mature within one year. Net revenues earned from fees associated with these entities were $1 million and $19 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Because we provide liquidity and credit support to these financing entities, our credit ratings and changes thereto will affect the borrowing cost and liquidity of these entities. In addition, significant changes in counterparty asset valuation and credit standing may also affect the liquidity of the commercial paper issuance. Disruption in the commercial paper markets may result in our having to fund under these commitments and SBLCs discussed above. We manage these risks, along with all other credit and liquidity risks, within our policies and practices. See Note 1 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report and Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of off-balance sheet financing entities.
Capital Management
Shareholders equity was $50.1 billion at March 31, 2003 compared to $50.3 billion at December 31, 2002, a decrease of $267 million. The decrease was driven by share repurchases, net unrealized losses on derivatives and dividends declared, partially offset by net income and shares issued under employee plans. At March 31, 2003, the impact to earnings per share of share repurchases was $0.01, which was offset by a decline of $0.01 due to issuances under employee plans. We anticipate that future share repurchases will at least equal shares issued under our various stock option plans. For additional discussion on share repurchases see Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements.
As part of the SVA calculation, equity is allocated to business units based on an assessment of risk. The allocated amount of capital varies according to the characteristics of the individual product offerings within the business units. Capital is allocated separately based on the following types of risk: credit, market, country and operational. For additional information on economic capital see Capital Management on page 41 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
As a regulated financial services company, we are governed by certain regulatory capital requirements. Presented in Table 6 are the regulatory risk-based capital ratios, actual capital amounts and minimum required capital amounts for the Corporation, Bank of America, N.A. and Bank of America, N.A. (USA) at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the Corporation was classified as well-capitalized for regulatory purposes, the highest classification.
Table 6
Regulatory Capital
Actual
Minimum
Required(1)
Ratio
Tier 1 Capital
43,818
21,375
8.22
43,012
20,930
Bank of America, N.A.
8.41
39,387
18,741
8.61
40,072
18,622
Bank of America, N.A. (USA)
9.10
2,394
1,052
8.95
2,346
1,049
Total Capital
65,688
42,750
12.43
65,064
41,860
11.18
52,382
37,482
11.40
53,091
37,244
12.11
3,186
2,105
11.97
3,137
2,098
Leverage
28,049
27,335
6.92
22,764
7.02
22,846
9.38
1,021
9.58
980
Credit Risk Management
Credit risk arises from the inability of a customer to meet its repayment obligation. Credit risk exists in our outstanding loans and leases, derivative assets, letters of credit and financial guarantees, acceptances and unfunded loan commitments. For additional information on derivatives and credit extension commitments, see Notes 3 and 5 of the consolidated financial statements. Credit exposure (defined to include loans and leases, letters of credit, derivatives, acceptances, assets held for sale and binding unfunded commitments) associated with a client represents the maximum loss potential arising from all these product classifications. Our commercial and consumer credit extension and review procedures take into account credit exposures that are both funded and unfunded.
Commercial and Consumer Portfolio Credit Risk Management
We manage credit risk associated with our business activities based on the risk profile of the borrower, repayment source and the nature of underlying collateral given current events and conditions. At a macro level, we segregate our loans into two major groupscommercial and consumer. For a detailed discussion of our credit risk management process associated with these portfolios see pages 41 through 42 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
Table 7 presents outstanding loans and leases.
Table 7
Outstanding Loans and Leases (1)
Percent
29.9
30.6
5.5
5.8
0.1
41.3
42.3
32.8
31.6
6.7
6.8
9.2
9.1
2.2
2.4
7.2
0.6
58.7
57.7
100.0
(1) The Corporation used credit derivatives to provide credit protection (single name and basket credit default swaps) for loan counterparties in the amounts of $16.2 billion and $16.7 billion at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Portfolio credit risk is evaluated with a goal that concentrations of credit exposure do not result in unacceptable levels of risk. Concentrations of credit exposure can be measured by industry, product, geography and customer relationship. Risk due to borrower concentrations is more prevalent in the commercial portfolio. We review non-real estate commercial loans by industry and commercial real estate loans by geographic location and by property type. Additionally, within our international portfolio, we also evaluate borrowings by region and by country. Tables 8, 9 and 10 summarize these concentrations.
Asset quality in consumer products held steady and asset quality in commercial banking improved during the first quarter of 2003. While the large corporate portfolio showed signs of improvement, it continued to experience problems in certain weak industries and regions. These areas of weakness are the same ones we have highlighted over the past few quartersairlines (transportation industry), emerging markets, merchant energy (included in the utilities and energy industries), media, and telecommunications services. The economy is still in an uncertain position and any weakness or event risk could hurt those areas that are showing hints of a turnaround. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak has recently developed as an event risk. While SARS has had a limited impact on credit quality through March 31, 2003, it is too early to estimate its longer-term impact on credit quality. We are closely monitoring those portfolios most directly affected, specifically Asia and the transportation and tourism industries.
Table 8 reflects significant industry non-real estate outstanding commercial loans and leases by Standard and Poors industry classifications.
Table 8
Significant Industry Non-Real Estate Outstanding
Commercial Loans and Leases
Retailing
10,710
10,165
Transportation
8,189
8,030
Leisure and sports, hotels and restaurants
7,986
8,139
Materials
7,820
7,972
Food, beverage and tobacco
7,563
7,335
Diversified financials
7,507
8,344
Capital goods
7,098
7,088
Commercial services and supplies
6,216
6,449
Education and government
5,565
5,206
Utilities
4,938
5,590
Media
4,883
5,911
Health care equipment and services
3,987
3,912
Energy
3,003
3,076
Telecommunications services
2,796
3,105
Consumer durables and apparel
2,545
2,591
Religious and social organizations
2,512
2,426
Banks
1,881
Insurance
1,409
1,616
Technology hardware and equipment
1,305
1,368
Food and drug retailing
Other (1)
22,591
23,417
121,457
124,965
Table 9 presents outstanding commercial real estate loans by geographic region and by property type. The amounts presented do not include outstanding loans and leases which were made on the general creditworthiness of the borrower, for which real estate was obtained as security and for which the ultimate repayment of the credit is not dependent on the sale, lease, rental or refinancing of the real estate. Accordingly, the outstandings presented do not include commercial loans secured by owner-occupied real estate. As depicted in the table, we believe the commercial real estate portfolio is well-diversified in terms of both geographic region and property type.
Table 9
Outstanding Commercial Real Estate Loans
By Geographic Region (1)
California
4,125
4,769
Southwest
2,853
2,945
Florida
2,421
Geographically diversified
2,339
1,075
Northwest
1,966
2,067
Mid-Atlantic
1,473
1,332
Midwest
1,447
1,696
Carolinas
1,324
Midsouth
1,126
1,166
Northeast
667
Other states
501
445
Non-US
20,281
20,205
By Property Type
Office buildings
4,019
3,978
Apartments
3,457
3,556
Residential
3,293
3,153
Shopping centers/retail
2,467
2,549
Industrial/warehouse
1,968
1,898
Land and land development
1,483
1,309
Hotels/motels
841
853
Multiple use
658
718
Miscellaneous commercial
329
1,766
1,813
(1) Distribution based on geographic location of collateral.
38
Foreign Portfolio
Table 10 sets forth regional foreign exposure to countries defined as emerging markets at March 31, 2003.
Table 10
Emerging Markets
Loans and Loan Commitments
Other Financing(1)
Derivative Assets
Securities/ Other Investments(2)
Total Cross-border Exposure(3)
Gross Local Country Exposure(4)
Total Foreign Exposure March 31, 2003
Increase/ (Decrease) from December 31, 2002
Region/Country
Asia
China
40
197
(47
Hong Kong(5)
88
576
3,395
3,971
167
India
392
73
556
899
1,455
82
Indonesia
South Korea
227
630
902
1,532
296
Malaysia
183
(57
Pakistan
Philippines
128
Singapore
118
189
1,464
1,789
Taiwan
561
Thailand
87
101
1,550
735
492
307
3,084
7,846
10,930
634
Central and Eastern Europe
Russian Federation
(5
Turkey
46
134
(167
(177
Latin America
Argentina
438
Brazil
42
428
1,072
(103
Chile
152
Colombia
Mexico
852
2,168
3,299
312
3,611
2,022
Venezuela
(16
239
1,762
549
181
2,499
4,991
5,824
1,909
3,365
1,321
705
2,871
8,262
8,679
16,941
2,366
At March 31, 2003, foreign exposure to entities in countries defined as emerging markets was $16.9 billion with the bulk of the emerging markets exposure in Asia. Quarterly growth in the emerging markets portfolio was focused in Latin America. Growth in Mexico was due to our investment in GFSS, partially offset by reductions of other assets and trading securities in Brazil. Growth in Asian emerging markets was largely attributable to an increase in South Korea due to loans and interbank transactions; an increase in Hong Kong mostly due to new loan growth and an increase in trading securities; and growth in Singapore primarily due to derivatives activity.
39
During the first quarter of 2003, economic volatility in Latin America was reduced somewhat, following the resolution of the strike in Venezuela and the elections in Brazil; however, the risk level for the region remains high. Risk of further deterioration of credit quality continues during the second quarter of 2003, with refinancing risk the largest concern. Our business strategy continues to be the active reduction of our exposure in much of Latin America, particularly in Brazil and Argentina.
During the first quarter of 2003, we announced our intention to restructure operations to concentrate on the Global Treasury Services business in Brazil. In addition, we reduced our credit exposure by 9 percent to $1.1 billion at March 31, 2003. The decline was due to loan maturities and lower levels of local issuer risk. Of this amount, $538 million represented traditional credit exposure (loans, letters of credit, etc.) and $282 million was Brazilian government securities. Derivatives exposure totaled $42 million. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the allowance for credit losses related to Brazil consisted of $46 million and $60 million, respectively, related to traditional credit exposure. Nonperforming loans in Brazil were $88 million at March 31, 2003 compared to $90 million at December 31, 2002.
During the first quarter of 2003, we reduced our credit exposure in Argentina by $27 million to $438 million. Of that $438 million, $294 million represented traditional credit exposure (loans, letters of credit, etc.) predominantly to Argentine subsidiaries of foreign multinational corporations. Additional credit exposure was attributable to $75 million in Argentina government bonds. For the three months ended March 31, 2003, net charge-offs totaled $40 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2002, we did not have significant charge-offs related to Argentina. The allowance for credit losses associated with outstanding loans, leases, and letters of credit related to Argentina was $141 million and $154 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, Argentine nonperforming loans were $236 million and $278 million, respectively.
Nonperforming Assets and Net Charge-offs
We routinely review the loan and lease portfolio to determine if any credit exposure should be placed on nonperforming status. An asset is placed on nonperforming status when it is determined that principal and interest are not expected to be fully collected in accordance with its contractual terms. Nonperforming asset levels, presented in Table 10, continue to be adversely affected by the weakened economic environment. Sales of nonperforming assets for the three months ended March 31, 2003 totaled $292 million, comprised of $280 million of nonperforming commercial loans and $12 million of foreclosed properties. Sales of nonperforming assets for the three months ended March 31, 2002 totaled $267 million, comprised of $184 million of nonperforming commercial loans and $83 million of foreclosed properties.
In 2002 and continuing in the first quarter of 2003, weakness in certain industries as well as a slow economy have affected nonperforming asset levels. We continue to look for credit quality to be impacted by economic weakness and geopolitical uncertainty. Credit quality is moving in the right direction, but we see the risk of lumpiness in charge-offs and nonperforming assets remaining through the end of 2003.
Nonperforming commercialdomestic loans decreased $176 million and represented 2.54 percent of commercialdomestic loans at March 31, 2003 compared to 2.65 percent at December 31, 2002. Nonperforming commercialforeign loans decreased $80 million and represented 6.74 percent of commercialforeign loans at March 31, 2003 compared to 6.83 percent at December 31, 2002. Decreases were due to charge-offs in emerging markets, primarily Argentina, as well as in telecommunications services, media, and utilities industries in Western Europe.
Credit exposure to companies in the telecommunications service industry that were in bankruptcy at March 31, 2003 totaled $81 million, with associated reserves of $25 million. Net charge-offs associated with credit exposure to these telecommunications services companies were $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Within the consumer portfolio, nonperforming loans increased $13 million to $746 million, representing 0.37 percent of consumer loans at March 31, 2003 compared to $733 million, representing 0.37 percent of consumer loans at December 31, 2002, primarily due to higher levels of residential mortgage loans being held in the portfolio.
We also had approximately $11 million and $4 million of troubled debt restructured loans at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively, that were accruing interest and were not included in nonperforming assets.
Table 11
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming loans
2,605
2,781
1,279
1,359
173
4,060
4,304
628
733
Total nonperforming loans
4,806
5,037
Foreclosed properties
225
Total nonperforming assets
5,033
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of :
0.74
0.80
Outstanding loans, leases and foreclosed properties
1.46
1.53
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of outstanding loans and leases
1.40
1.47
41
Table 12 presents the additions to and reductions in nonperforming assets in the commercial and consumer portfolios during the most recent five quarters.
Table 12
Nonperforming Assets Activity
Balance, beginning of period
5,131
4,939
4,992
4,908
Commercial
Additions to nonperforming assets:
New nonaccrual loans and foreclosed properties
731
1,327
1,123
1,373
Advances on loans
Total commercial additions
830
1,179
1,247
1,397
Reductions in nonperforming assets:
Paydowns, payoffs and sales
(673
(505
(498
(598
(570
Returns to performing status
(34
(45
(33
Charge-offs(1)
(368
(735
(499
(582
(538
Total commercial reductions
(1,075
(1,263
(1,042
(1,228
(1,141
Total commercial net additions to (reductions in ) nonperforming assets
(245
Consumer
442
375
Total consumer additions
(263
(230
(186
(223
(318
(132
(198
(183
(240
(265
(17
(20
(29
Transfers from assets held for sale (2)
Total consumer reductions
(412
(462
(387
(477
(547
Total consumer net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming assets
(172
Total net additions to (reductions in) nonperforming assets
(229
131
192
(53
84
Balance, end of period
Commercialdomestic loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $234 million and $223 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively. Consumer loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $574 million and $541 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
As a matter of corporate practice, we do not discuss specific client relationships; however, due to the publicity and interest surrounding Enron Corporation and its related entities (Enron), we made an exception. At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, our exposure (after charge-offs) related to Enron was $171 million and $185 million, respectively, of which $140 million and $150 million was secured. Nonperforming loans related to Enron were essentially unchanged.
Included in Other Assets are loans held for sale and leveraged lease partnership interests of $15.2 billion and $348 million, respectively, at March 31, 2003 and $13.8 billion and $387 million, respectively, at December 31, 2002. Included in these balances are nonperforming loans held for sale and leveraged lease partnership interests of $172 million and $16 million, respectively, at March 31, 2003 and $118 million and $2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2002.
We utilize actual loan net charge-offs in the analysis of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. Net charge-offs are presented in Table 13.
Commercialdomestic loan net charge-offs decreased $131 million to $239 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002, primarily due to lower domestic gross charge-offs across all businesses.
Commercialforeign loan net charge-offs increased $71 million to $120 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002. The increase was primarily due to Argentina as well as telecommunication services, media, and utilities in Western Europe.
Credit card net charge-offs increased $82 million to $323 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002. The increase in net charge-offs was primarily a result of the increase in portfolio seasoning of outstandings from new account growth in prior years, new advances on previously securitized balances, higher bankruptcies and a weaker economic environment. New advances under these previously securitized balances are recorded on our balance sheet after the revolving period of the securitization, which has the effect of increasing loans on our balance sheet, increasing net interest income and increasing charge-offs, with a corresponding reduction in noninterest income.
Allowance for Credit Losses
To help us identify credit risks and assess the overall collectibility of our lending portfolios, we conduct periodic and systematic detailed reviews of those portfolios. The allowance for credit losses represents managements estimate of probable losses in the portfolio. Additional information on the allowance for credit losses is included in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report on page 46.
Additions to the allowance for credit losses are made by charges to the provision for credit losses. Credit exposures (excluding derivatives) deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses.
Table 13 presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002.
Table 13
(284
(467
(125
(420
(556
(10
(93
(106
(95
(353
(271
Other consumerdomestic
(2
(564
(513
Total loans and leases charged off
97
Total recoveries of loans and leases previously charged off
Loans and leases outstanding at March 31
331,210
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans and leases outstanding at March 31
2.00
2.07
Average loans and leases outstanding during the period
Annualized net charge-offs as a percentage of average outstanding loans and leases during the period
0.98
1.04
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans at March 31
142.60
149.29
Ratio of the allowance for credit losses at March 31 to annualized net charge-offs
2.03
2.02
For reporting purposes, we have allocated the allowance between commercial and consumer portfolios; however, the allowance is available to absorb all credit losses without restriction. Table 14 presents an allocation by component.
Table 14
Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses
Commercial non-impaired
2,672
2,807
Commercial impaired
844
919
3,516
3,726
General
1,371
1,244
While various components of our allowance have changed in response to changing risk characteristics, management concluded that our overall allowance should remain unchanged given the current environment. The allowance for commercial non-impaired loans declined $135 million, primarily due to declines in the commercialdomestic and commercialforeign portfolios. Specific reserves on commercial impaired loans decreased $75 million during the first quarter of 2003, reflecting a decrease in our investment in specific loans considered impaired. At March 31, 2003, commercial impaired loans declined $185 million to $3.9 billion driven by commercialdomestic impaired loan reductions of $107 million and commercialforeign impaired loan reductions of $102 million, partially offset by an increase in commercial real estate impaired loan balances of $24 million. The allowance for credit losses in the consumer portfolio increased $85 million from December 31, 2002, primarily due to growth and new advances on previously securitized balances in the credit card portfolio. Management expects continued growth in the credit card portfolio.
Problem Loan Management
In 2001, we realigned certain problem loan management activities into a wholly-owned subsidiary, Banc of America Strategic Solutions, Inc. (SSI). SSI was established to better align the management of commercial loan credit workout operations. In the first quarter of 2003, Bank of America, N.A., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Corporation, sold loans with a gross book balance of approximately $1.4 billion to SSI. The tax and accounting treatment of this sale had no financial statement impact on the Corporation. For additional discussion on Problem Loan Management, see page 48 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
Market Risk Management
Market risk is the potential loss due to adverse changes in market prices and yields. Market risk is inherent in most of our operating positions and/or activities including customers loans, deposits, securities and long-term debt (interest rate risk), trading assets and liability positions and derivatives. Our market-sensitive assets and liabilities are generated through our customer and proprietary trading operations, ALM activities and to a lesser degree from our mortgage banking activities. Loans and deposits generated through our traditional banking business generate interest income and expense, respectively, and the value of the cash flows change based on general economic levels, most importantly, the level of interest rates. More detailed information on our market risk management processes is included in the Corporations 2002 Annual Report on pages 49 through 53.
Trading Risk Management
A histogram of daily revenue or loss is a simple graphic depicting trading volatility and tracking success of trading-related revenue. Trading-related revenue encompasses both proprietary trading and customer-related activities. During the twelve months ended March 31, 2003, positive trading-related revenue was recorded for 217 of 251 trading days. Furthermore, of the 34 days that showed negative revenue, only 3 were greater than $20 million, and the largest loss was approximately $31 million.
To evaluate risk in our trading activities, we focus on the actual and potential volatility of individual positions as well as portfolios. At a portfolio and corporate level, we use Value-at-Risk (VAR) modeling and stress testing. VAR is a key limit used to measure market risk. A VAR model estimates a range of hypothetical scenarios within which the next days profit or loss is expected. These estimates are impacted by the nature of the positions in the portfolio and the correlation within the portfolio. Within any VAR model, there are significant and numerous assumptions that will differ from company to company. Our VAR model assumes a 99 percent confidence level. Statistically this means that over a three to five year period, one out of 100 trading days, or on average, two to three times a year, losses will exceed the model-calculated range. Actual losses exceeded VAR once for the twelve months ended March 31, 2003.
Table 15 presents actual daily VAR for the twelve months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002.
Table 15
Trading Activities Market Risk
Twelve Months Ended March 31
Average
VAR(1)
VAR(2)
3.2
7.1
0.5
6.0
11.2
1.5
Interest rate
28.8
42.7
17.9
32.9
47.0
17.3
Credit(3)
24.2
13.1
11.4
6.5
Real estate/mortgage(4)
16.4
41.4
2.5
33.1
61.6
14.4
11.6
53.8
4.3
15.6
25.1
10.9
10.5
19.3
3.4
1.3
Total trading portfolio
36.3
57.8
69.9
29.7
The reduction in VAR for the twelve months ended March 31, 2003 was primarily due to a decline in real estate/mortgage, partially offset by increases in credit and commodities. Risk exposures can vary considerably on continuously changing market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk Management
Our ALM process, managed through the Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO), is used to manage interest rate risk associated with non-trading related activities. Interest rate risk represents the most significant market risk exposure to our non-trading financial instruments.
Net interest income risk is measured based on rate shocks over different time horizons versus a current stable interest rate environment. Assumptions used in these calculations are similar to those used in our corporate planning and forecasting process. The overall interest rate risk position and strategies are reviewed on an ongoing basis with ALCO and other committees as appropriate. Table 16 provides our estimated net interest income at risk over the subsequent year from March 31, 2003 and 2002 resulting from a 100 basis point gradual (over 12 months) increase or decrease in interest rates. The risk of a 100 basis point change in interest rates increased from prior year due to our repositioning of the balance sheet in anticipation of rising interest rates.
Table 16
Estimated Net Interest Income at Risk
-100bp
+100bp
(4.3
3.3
March 31, 2002
(0.7
0.4
47
The securities portfolio is integral to our ALM activities. The decision to purchase or sell securities is based upon the current assessment of economic and financial conditions, including the interest rate environment, liquidity and regulatory requirements and on- and off-balance sheet positions. During the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, we purchased securities of $41.3 billion and $24.9 billion, respectively, sold $27.1 billion and $27.7 billion, respectively, and received paydowns of $6.9 billion and $7.4 billion, respectively. We continuously monitored the interest rate risk position of the portfolio and repositioned the securities portfolio in order to manage convexity risk and to take advantage of interest rate fluctuations. Through sales of the securities portfolio, we realized $273 million in gains on sales of securities for the three months ended March 31, 2003 compared to $44 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002.
Residential Mortgage Portfolio
The residential mortgages held as part of our ALM activities grew primarily through whole loan purchase activity. For the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, we purchased $17.6 billion and $10.7 billion, respectively, of residential mortgages in the wholesale market for our discretionary portfolio and interest rate risk management. During the same periods, we sold $7.8 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively, of whole mortgage loans to manage prepayment risk resulting from the unusually low rate environment, recognizing $242 million and $46 million, respectively, in gains on the sales. Additionally, during the same periods, we received paydowns of $14.1 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively.
Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Derivative Contracts
Interest rate derivative contracts and foreign exchange derivative contracts are utilized in our ALM process. We use derivatives as an efficient, low-cost tool to manage our interest rate risk. We use derivatives to hedge or offset the changes in cash flows or market values of our balance sheet. See Note 3 of the consolidated financial statements for additional information on the Corporations hedging activities.
Our interest rate contracts are generally non-leveraged generic interest rate and basis swaps, options, futures and forwards. In addition, we use foreign currency contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with foreign-denominated assets and liabilities, as well as our equity investments in foreign subsidiaries. Table 17 reflects the notional amounts, fair value, weighted average receive fixed and pay fixed rates, expected maturity and estimated duration of our ALM derivatives at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002. Management believes the fair value of the ALM portfolio should be viewed in the context of the combined discretionary and non-discretionary portfolios.
48
Table 17
Asset and Liability Management Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Contracts
(Dollars in millions, average
estimated duration in years)
Fair Value
Expected Maturity
Average Estimated Duration
2004
2005
2006
2007
Open interest rate contracts
Total receive fixed swaps (1)
3,047
5.71
Notional amount
69,043
1,846
3,252
10,648
1,800
51,376
Weighted average receive rate
4.75
7.11
4.88
5.05
4.68
Total pay fixed swaps (1)
(1,463
4.07
89,092
34,808
9,278
44,761
Weighted average pay rate
3.20
4.79
5.92
3.07
4.08
Basis swaps
15,700
9,000
500
4,400
Total swaps
1,580
Option products
1,812
Net notional amount (2)
125,251
27,700
6,467
55,000
3,000
33,084
Futures and forward rate contracts
(59
12,451
Total open interest rate contracts
3,333
Closed interest rate contracts (3,4)
701
Net interest rate contract position
4,034
Open foreign exchange contracts
348
4,794
160
1,807
2,106
Total ALM contracts
4,382
4,449
4.89
116,520
3,132
3,157
5,719
14,078
16,213
74,221
4.29
3.17
4.66
4.50
3.90
4.46
(1,825
61,680
10,083
5,694
7,993
15,068
6,735
16,107
3.60
1.64
2.46
2,621
650
48,374
1,000
6,767
40,000
607
(88
8,850
(6,150
15,000
3,183
955
4,138
313
4,672
78
648
1,581
2,167
4,451
49
As discussed earlier, we believe that interest rates will begin to rise and have taken steps to position the balance sheet for that rise. Consistent with our strategy of managing interest rate sensitivity, the net pay fixed interest rate swap position was $20.0 billion at March 31, 2003 compared to a net receive fixed interest rate swap position of $54.8 billion at December 31, 2002, while our net option position increased $77.0 billion to $125.3 billion at March 31, 2003 compared to $48.4 billion at December 31, 2002. Option products in our ALM process may include option collars or spread strategies, which involve the buying and selling of options on the same underlying security or interest rate index. These strategies may involve caps, floors and options on index futures contracts.
Mortgage Banking Risk
Mortgage production activities create unique interest rate and prepayment risk between the loan commitment date (pipeline) and the date the loan is sold to the secondary market. To manage interest rate risk, we enter into various financial instruments including interest rate swaps, forward delivery contracts, Euro dollar futures and option contracts. The notional amount of such contracts was $32.9 billion at March 31, 2003 with associated net unrealized losses of $146 million, offset by unrealized gains in the warehouse and pipeline. At December 31, 2002, the notional amount of such contracts was $25.3 billion with associated net unrealized losses of $224 million.
Prepayment risk represents the loss in value associated with a high rate loan paying off in a low rate environment and the loss of servicing value when loans prepay. We manage prepayment risk using various financial instruments including purchased options and swaps. The notional amounts of such contracts at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were $40.3 billion and $53.1 billion, respectively. The related unrealized gain was $609 million and $955 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
These amounts are included in the Derivatives table in Note 3 of the consolidated financial statements.
Operational Risk Management
Operational risk is the potential for loss resulting from events involving people, processes, technology, legal/regulatory issues, external events, execution and reputation. Successful operational risk management is particularly important to a diversified financial services company like ours because of the very nature, volume and complexity of our various businesses. For additional detail on operational risk management activities, see pages 53 through 54 of the Corporations 2002 Annual Report.
Visa U.S.A. Settlement
On April 29, Visa U.S.A. entered into an agreement in principle to settle, subject to court approval (the settlement), the class action anti-trust lawsuit filed against it by Wal-Mart and other retailers. Effective January 1, 2004, the settlement would permit retailers who accept Visa U.S.A. cards to reject payment from consumers signing for purchases using their debit card, changing Visa U.S.A.s longstanding honor all cards policy. In addition, by August 1, 2003, interchange fees charged to retailers would be reduced by approximately 30 percent. This reduction would be effective until January 1, 2004, at which time Visa U.S.A. would be free to set competitive rates. We are currently assessing the impact of the settlement on earnings and believe that the settlement will likely reduce earnings by approximately $60 million and $200 million after tax, in 2003 and 2004, respectively.
50
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial ConditionMarket Risk Management beginning on page 45 and the sections referenced therein for Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Within the 90 days prior to the filing date of this report, the Corporations management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness and design of the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, the Corporations Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures were effective. In addition, there have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls, subsequent to the date the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer completed their evaluation.
Disclosure controls and procedures are defined in Rule 13a-14(c) of the Exchange Act as controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms. The Corporations disclosure controls and procedures were designed to ensure that material information related to the Corporation, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a timely manner.
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
The following supplements the discussion in the Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002.
WorldCom Inc. Securities Litigation
The number of actions in which the Corporation or Banc of America Securities LLC has been named as a defendant arising out of alleged accounting irregularities in the books and records of WorldCom has increased from approximately 18 actions to 40 actions.
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
The Corporation did not sell any put options during the first quarter of 2003.
At March 31, 2003, the Corporation had 2 million put options outstanding with exercise prices ranging from $64.72 per share to $65.33 per share and expiration dates ranging from June 2003 to July 2003.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
a) Exhibits
Exhibit 11Earnings Per Share Computation-included in Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements
Exhibit 12Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Dividends
Exhibit 99.1Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit 99.2Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
b) Reports on Form 8-K
The following reports on Form 8-K were filed by the Corporation during the quarter ended March 31, 2003:
Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed January 15, 2003, Items 5, 7 and 9.
Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 2003 and filed January 23, 2003, Items 5 and 7.
Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 20, 2003 and filed March 3, 2003, Items 5 and 7.
Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 4, 2003 and filed March 5, 2003, Items 5 and 7.
Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 26, 2003 and filed March 31, 2003, Items 5 and 7.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Registrant
Date: May 13, 2003
/s/ MARC D. OKEN
MARC D. OKEN
Executive Vice President and
Principal Financial Executive
(Duly Authorized Officer and
Chief Accounting Officer)
Certification Pursuant to Section 302
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
for the Chief Executive Officer
I, Kenneth D. Lewis, certify that:
/S/ KENNETH D. LEWIS
Kenneth D. Lewis
Chief Executive Officer
May 13, 2003
for the Chief Financial Officer
I, James H. Hance, Jr., certify that:
/S/ JAMES H. HANCE, JR.
James H. Hance, Jr.
Chief Financial Officer
Form 10-Q
Exhibit
Description
Earnings Per Share Computationincluded in Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
99.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002