Carver Bancorp - 10-Q quarterly report FY2026 Q2

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒						QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025


☐						TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-13007

CARVER BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

13-3904174

(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

75 West 125th Street

New York

10027

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (718) 230-2900

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

CARV

The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). þ Yes oNo

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

☐

Large Accelerated Filer

☐

Accelerated Filer

☒

Non-accelerated Filer

☒

Smaller Reporting Company

☐

Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☑ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Class						Outstanding at August 12, 2025
Common Stock, par value $0.01						5,095,254

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Item 1.	Financial Statements

	Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition	1

	Consolidated Statements of Operations	2

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	3

	Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity	4

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	42

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	42

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	43

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	43

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	43

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	43

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	43

Item 5.	Other Information	43

Item 6.	Exhibits	43

SIGNATURES		45

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CARVER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(Unaudited)


$ in thousands except per share data	September 30, 2025		March 31, 2025
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and due from banks	$	40,242	$	49,810
Money market investments	505		505
Total cash and cash equivalents	40,747		50,315

Investment securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $55,076 and $56,475, respectively)	44,069		44,522
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $1,619 and $1,698, respectively)	1,650		1,750

Total investment securities	45,719		46,272



Loans receivable:
Real estate mortgage loans	406,080		423,023
Commercial business loans	161,515		164,964
Consumer loans	25,337		25,697
Loans, net of deferred fees and costs	592,932		613,684
Allowance for credit losses	(6,129)		(6,337)
Total loans receivable, net	586,803		607,347
Premises and equipment, net	1,942		2,010
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) stock, at cost	1,148		853
Accrued interest receivable	3,092		2,980
Right-of-use assets	6,951		8,247
Other assets	11,531		11,967
Total assets	$	697,933	$	729,991

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing checking	$	91,214	$	89,538
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing checking	42,185		44,453
Savings	110,649		111,365
Money market	165,761		161,592
Certificates of deposit	212,326		252,129
Escrow	3,457		2,760
Total interest-bearing deposits	534,378		572,299
Total deposits	625,592		661,837
Advances from the FHLB-NY and other borrowed money	27,546		20,243
Operating lease liability	7,529		8,869
Other liabilities	10,337		9,464
Total liabilities	671,004		700,413
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)	—		—

EQUITY
Preferred stock, (par value $0.01 per share: 9,557 Series D shares, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, issued and outstanding, respectively)	9,557		9,557
Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share: 3,177 Series E shares, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, issued and outstanding, respectively)	3,177		3,177
Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share: 9,000 Series F shares, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, issued and outstanding, respectively)	9,000		9,000
Common stock (par value 0.01 per share: 10,000,000 shares authorized; 7,790,903 and 7,644,675 shares issued; 5,287,100 and 5,140,872 shares outstanding, respectively)	78		78
Additional paid-in capital	87,933		87,920
Accumulated deficit	(68,901)		(65,293)
Treasury stock, at cost (2,503,803 shares, respectively)	(2,908)		(2,908)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,007)		(11,953)
Total equity	26,929		29,578
Total liabilities and equity	$	697,933	$	729,991

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CARVER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands, except per share data	2025		2024		2025		2024
Interest income:
Loans	$	7,765	$	8,711	$	16,191	$	16,778
Mortgage-backed securities	127		133		256		273
Investment securities	216		288		447		580
Money market investments	459		694		877		1,402
Total interest income	8,567		9,826		17,771		19,033

Interest expense:
Deposits	3,147		3,233		6,433		6,344
Advances and other borrowed money	288		598		565		1,190
Total interest expense	3,435		3,831		6,998		7,534

Net interest income	5,132		5,995		10,773		11,499
(Recovery of) provision for credit losses	(15)		461		(41)		721
Net interest income after provision for (recovery of) credit losses	5,147		5,534		10,814		10,778

Non-interest income:
Depository fees and charges	675		545		1,348		1,083
Loan fees and service charges	249		73		407		44

Loss on sale of loans, net	—		(191)		—		(191)

Grant income	—		—		—		80


Other	325		157		762		273
Total non-interest income	1,249		584		2,517		1,289

Non-interest expense:
Employee compensation and benefits	3,532		3,542		7,213		7,043
Net occupancy expense	1,195		1,279		2,425		2,476
Equipment, net	639		550		1,229		1,130
Data processing	704		793		1,288		1,525
Consulting fees	722		201		859		280
Federal deposit insurance premiums	214		159		447		329

Other	1,821		1,707		3,478		3,609
Total non-interest expense	8,827		8,231		16,939		16,392

Loss before income taxes	(2,431)		(2,113)		(3,608)		(4,325)
Income tax expense	—		—		—		—
Net loss	$	(2,431)	$	(2,113)	$	(3,608)	$	(4,325)

Loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.46)	$	(0.41)	$	(0.68)	$	(0.84)
Diluted	(0.46)		(0.41)		(0.68)		(0.84)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CARVER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net loss	$	(2,431)	$	(2,113)	$	(3,608)	$	(4,325)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Change in unrealized gain (loss) of securities available-for-sale, net of income tax expense of $0 (due to full valuation allowance)	822		2,122		946		1,859



Total other comprehensive income, net of tax	822		2,122		946		1,859
Total comprehensive loss (income), net of tax	$	(1,609)	$	9	$	(2,662)	$	(2,466)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CARVER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

(Unaudited)


$ in thousands	Preferred Stock		Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Equity
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Balance — June 30, 2025	$	21,734	$	78	$	87,933	$	(66,470)	$	(2,908)	$	(11,829)	$	28,538
Net loss	—		—		—		(2,431)		—		—		(2,431)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		—		—		—		822		822








Balance — September 30, 2025	$	21,734	$	78	$	87,933	$	(68,901)	$	(2,908)	$	(11,007)	$	26,929

Six Months Ended September 30, 2025
Balance — March 31, 2025	$	21,734	$	78	$	87,920	$	(65,293)	$	(2,908)	$	(11,953)	$	29,578

Net loss	—		—		—		(3,608)		—		—		(3,608)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		—		—		—		946		946







Stock based compensation expense	—		—		13		—		—		—		13
Balance — September 30, 2025	$	21,734	$	78	$	87,933	$	(68,901)	$	(2,908)	$	(11,007)	$	26,929

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance — June 30, 2024	$	21,734	$	77	$	87,687	$	(53,761)	$	(2,908)	$	(12,968)	$	39,861

Net loss	—		—		—		(2,113)		—		—		(2,113)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		—		—		—		2,122		2,122










Balance — September 30, 2024	$	21,734	$	77	$	87,687	$	(55,874)	$	(2,908)	$	(10,846)	$	39,870

Six Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance — March 31, 2024	$	21,734	$	77	$	87,660	$	(51,549)	$	(2,908)	$	(12,705)	$	42,309

Net loss	—		—		—		(4,325)		—		—		(4,325)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—		—		—		—		1,859		1,859









Stock based compensation expense	—		—		27		—		—		—		27
Balance — September 30, 2024	$	21,734	$	77	$	87,687	$	(55,874)	$	(2,908)	$	(10,846)	$	39,870

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CARVER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands	2025		2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss	$	(3,608)	$	(4,325)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
(Recovery of) provision for credit losses	(41)		721

Stock based compensation expense	13		27
Depreciation and amortization expense	368		439


Loss on sale of loans, net	—		191
Income from bank owned life insurance	(83)		(80)

Amortization and accretion of loan premiums and discounts and deferred charges, net	356		209
Amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts — securities	77		97



Increase in accrued interest receivable	(112)		(1,192)
Decrease (increase) in other assets	352		(659)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities	863		(804)
Net cash used in operating activities	(1,815)		(5,376)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES



Proceeds from principal payments, maturities and calls of investments: Available-for-sale	1,325		1,683
Proceeds from principal payments, maturities and calls of investments: Held-to-maturity	99		143


Loans held-for investment, net of (originations) and repayments/payoffs and maturities	19,784		3,222


Proceeds from loans sold	550		143

(Purchase) redemption of FHLB-NY stock, net	(295)		339
Purchase of premises and equipment	(284)		(260)


Net cash provided by investing activities	21,179		5,270
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net (decrease) increase in deposits	(36,245)		3,812
Proceeds from short-term borrowings	5,000		—

Proceeds from long-term borrowings	4,127		1,814
Repayment of long-term borrowings	(1,814)		(10,000)




Net cash used in financing activities	(28,932)		(4,374)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(9,568)		(4,480)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	50,315		59,025
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	40,747	$	54,545

Supplemental cash flow information:
Noncash financing and investing activities






Recognition of finance lease asset	13		—
Recognition of finance lease liability	13		—




Cash paid for:
Interest	$	6,583	$	7,502
Tax on capital	110		127

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

CARVER BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION

Nature of operations

Carver Bancorp, Inc. (on a stand-alone basis, the “Registrant”), was incorporated in May 1996 and its principal wholly-owned subsidiary is Carver Federal Savings Bank (the “Bank” or “Carver Federal”). Carver Federal's wholly-owned subsidiaries are CFSB Realty Corp., Carver Community Development Corporation (“CCDC”) and CFSB Credit Corp., which is currently inactive. The Bank has a real estate investment trust, Carver Asset Corporation ("CAC"), that was formed in February 2004.

“Carver,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to the Company along with its consolidated subsidiaries. The Bank was chartered in 1948 and began operations in 1949 as Carver Federal Savings and Loan Association, a federally-chartered mutual savings and loan association. The Bank converted to a federal savings bank in 1986. On October 24, 1994, the Bank converted from a mutual holding company structure to stock form and issued 2,314,375 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share. On October 17, 1996, the Bank completed its reorganization into a holding company structure (the “Reorganization”) and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.

Carver Federal’s principal business consists of attracting deposit accounts through its branches and investing those funds in mortgage loans and other investments permitted by federal savings banks. The Bank has seven branches located throughout the City of New York that primarily serve the communities in which they operate.

In September 2003, the Company formed Carver Statutory Trust I (the “Trust”) for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and investing the proceeds in an equivalent amount of floating rate junior subordinated debentures of the Company. On September 17, 2003, Carver Statutory Trust I issued 13,000 shares, liquidation amount $1,000 per share, of floating rate capital securities. Gross proceeds from the sale of these trust preferred debt securities of $13 million, and proceeds from the sale of the trust's common securities of $0.4 million, were used to purchase approximately $13.4 million aggregate principal amount of the Company's floating rate junior subordinated debt securities due 2033. The trust preferred debt securities are redeemable at par quarterly at the option of the Company beginning on or after September 17, 2008, and have a mandatory redemption date of September 17, 2033. Cash distributions on the trust preferred debt securities are cumulative and payable at a floating rate per annum resetting quarterly with a margin of 3.05% over the three-month SOFR. Debenture interest payments are subject to prior approval from the Federal Reserve Bank. A streamlined process has been developed for the Company to request regulatory approval to make debenture interest payments, although there is no assurance that the Federal Reserve Bank will approve such quarterly payments. All quarterly interest payments up to and including the March 2025 payment were made. The Company has deferred the quarterly interest payment beginning with the payment due June 17, 2025 in order to manage liquidity. Debenture interest payments may be deferred for up to twenty consecutive quarters under the terms of the Indenture. The interest rate was 7.33% and the deferred interest was $567 thousand at September 30, 2025.

While Carver does not pay a regular quarterly cash dividend on its common stock, in the future, Carver may rely on dividends from Carver Federal to pay cash dividends to its stockholders and to engage in share repurchase programs. In recent years, Carver has been successful in obtaining cash independently through its capital raising efforts, which may include cash from government grants or below market-rate loans. As the subsidiary of a savings and loan association holding company, Carver Federal must file a notice or an application (depending on the proposed dividend amount) with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"), and an application with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve (the "FRB") prior to the declaration of each capital distribution. The OCC will disallow any proposed dividend that, among other reasons, would result in Carver Federal’s failure to meet the OCC minimum capital requirements.

Regulation

On May 14, 2025, the Bank entered into a Formal Agreement with the OCC. As a result of the Formal Agreement, the Bank is required to obtain the approval of the OCC prior to effecting any change in its directors or senior executive officers, paying dividends and entering into any "golden parachute payments" as that term is defined under 12 U.S.C. § 1828(k) and 12 C.F.R. Part 359. In addition, Carver was previously issued an Individual Minimum Capital Ratio (“IMCR”) letter by the OCC, which requires the Bank to maintain minimum regulatory capital levels of 9% for its Tier1 leverage ratio and 12% for its total risk-based capital ratio.

The Company must provide notice to the FRB prior to effecting any change in its directors or senior executive officers. The Company is also subject to the restrictions on golden parachute and indemnification payments, as set forth in 12 C.F.R. Part 359. Written approval of the Federal Reserve Bank is required prior to: (1) the declaration or payment of dividends by the Company to its stockholders, (2) the declaration or payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company, (3) any distributions of interest or principal by the Company on subordinated debentures or trust preferred securities, (4) any purchases or redemptions of the Company’s stock and (5) the Company incurring, increasing or guaranteeing certain long-term debt outside the ordinary course of business. These limitations could affect our operations and financial performance.

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of consolidated financial statement presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Bank and the Bank’s wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, Carver Asset Corporation, CFSB Realty Corp., CCDC, and CFSB Credit Corp., which is currently inactive. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company's subsidiary, Carver Statutory Trust I, is not consolidated with Carver Bancorp, Inc. for financial reporting purposes. Carver Statutory Trust I was formed in 2003 for the purpose of issuing $13 million aggregate liquidation amount of floating rate Capital Securities due September 17, 2033 (“Capital Securities”) and $0.4 million of common securities (which are the only voting securities of Carver Statutory Trust I), which are 100% owned by Carver Bancorp, Inc., and using the proceeds to acquire Junior Subordinated Debentures issued by Carver Bancorp, Inc. Carver Bancorp, Inc. has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the Capital Securities along with all obligations of Carver Statutory Trust I under the trust agreement relating to the Capital Securities. The Company does not consolidate the accounts and related activity of Carver Statutory Trust I because it is not the primary beneficiary of the entity.

Variable interest entities ("VIEs") are consolidated, as required, when Carver has a controlling financial interest in these entities and is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Carver is normally deemed to have a controlling financial interest and be the primary beneficiary if it has both (a) the power to direct activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance; and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity that could benefit from the activities that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim period are presented. Operating results for the three and six month period ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended March 31, 2026. The consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2025 has been derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated statement of financial condition and revenues and expenses for the period then ended. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2025. Amounts subject to significant estimates and assumptions are items such as the allowance for credit losses, realization of deferred tax assets, and the fair value of financial instruments. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance for credit loss or future writedowns of real estate owned may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions in the areas where Carver Federal has extended mortgages and other credit instruments. Actual results could differ significantly from those assumptions. Current market conditions increase the risk and complexity of the judgments in these estimates.

Certain comparative amounts for the prior period have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations. Such reclassifications had no effect on net income or shareholders' equity.

Recent Events

The business climate continues to present significant challenges as banks continue to absorb heightened regulatory costs and compete for limited loan demand. Inflation remains somewhat elevated and rates remain high and affect customer demand. The Federal Reserve approved two interest rate cuts in September and October 2025, lowering the overnight borrowing rate to a range of 3.75% to 4%, the lowest in three years. For Carver, the economic climate of New York City (“the

City”), in particular, impacts our business as the City lags behind the rest of New York State and the nation both in job growth and levels of unemployment. The City's local area inflation has exceeded the national rate, primarily due to housing costs, and its unemployment rate remains high at 4.9%, exceeding the national average. On July 4, 2025, President Trump signed into law the legislation formally titled "An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14" and commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill (the Act). The Company is evaluating income tax implications of the Act. The Company does not currently expect the Act to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

The Bank's liquidity position remains adequate. The impact of market volatility from continued inflation and high interest rates will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and difficult to predict. The Company is closely monitoring its asset quality, liquidity, and capital positions, as well as the credit risk in its loan portfolio. Management is actively working to minimize the current and future impact of the current business and industry environment, and is continuing to make adjustments to operations where appropriate or necessary to mitigate risk. However, these factors and events may have negative effects on the business, financial condition, and results of operations of the Company and its customers.

Recent Accounting Standards

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted

On April 1, 2025, the Company adopted ASU No. 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures," which enhances income tax disclosures to help investors better assess how a company's operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operational opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. The amendments in this update requires further disaggregated information about a reporting entity's effective tax rate reconciliation and information on income taxes paid and should be applied on a prospective basis with an option for retrospective application. The adoption of the standard will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

On March 31, 2025, the Company adopted ASU No. 2023-07 "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures," which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company has determined that all of its activities constitute one reportable operating segment and there was no material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03 "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)" to improve the disclosures about a public business entity's expenses and address investor requests for more detailed information about the types of expenses (including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and depletion) in commonly presented expense captions. ASU No. 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 (for the Company, the fiscal year ending March 31, 2028), and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this update, or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. ASU 2024-03 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

NOTE 3. LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

The following table reconciles the loss attributable to common shareholders (numerator) and the weighted average common stock outstanding (denominator) for both basic and diluted loss per share for the following periods:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands except per share data	2025		2024		2025		2024


Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(2,431)	$	(2,113)	$	(3,608)	$	(4,325)

Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic	5,286,692		5,140,872		5,285,540		5,140,872

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	5,286,692		5,140,872		5,285,540		5,140,872

Basic loss per common share	$	(0.46)	$	(0.41)	$	(0.68)	$	(0.84)
Diluted loss per common share	(0.46)		(0.41)		(0.68)		(0.84)

The Company has preferred shares which are entitled to receive dividends if declared on the Company's common stock and are therefore considered to be participating securities. Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed using the two class method. This calculation divides net income (loss) available to common stockholders after the allocation of undistributed

earnings to the participating securities by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted into common stock. These potentially dilutive shares are then included in the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Dilution calculations are not applicable to net loss periods. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, all restricted shares and outstanding stock options were anti-dilutive.

NOTE 4. COMMON STOCK DIVIDENDS AND ISSUANCES

On October 28, 2011, the United States Department of the Treasury (the "Treasury Department") exchanged the CDCI Series B preferred stock for 2,321,286 shares of Carver common stock and the Series C preferred stock converted into 1,208,039 shares of Carver common stock and 45,118 shares of Series D preferred stock. Series C stock was previously reported as mezzanine equity, and upon conversion to common and Series D preferred stock is now reported as equity attributable to Carver Bancorp, Inc. The holders of the Series D Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends, on an as-converted basis, simultaneously to the payment of any dividends on the common stock.

On August 6, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Agreement") with the Treasury Department to repurchase 2,321,286 shares of Company common stock, owned by the Treasury Department for an aggregate purchase price of $2.5 million. The stock repurchase provided for in the Agreement was completed on August 6, 2020. Upon completion of the repurchase pursuant to the Agreement, the Treasury Department was no longer a stockholder in the Company. In connection with the repurchase, Morgan Stanley provided a grant of $2.5 million that was considered contributed capital to the Company to fund the repurchase transaction.

On December 14, 2021, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the "Sales Agreement") with Piper Sandler & Co. (“Piper Sandler”), as sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate gross sales prices of up to $20.0 million (the “ATM Shares”) from time to time. Any sales made under the Sales Agreement will be sales deemed to be "at-the-market (ATM) offerings," as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These sales will be made through ordinary broker transactions on the NASDAQ Capital Market stock exchange at market prices prevailing at the time, at prices related to the prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices. The net proceeds of these offerings were used for general corporate purposes, including support for organic loan growth. During fiscal year 2022, the Company sold an aggregate of 397,367 shares of common stock under the ATM offering program, resulting in gross proceeds of $3.1 million and net proceeds to the Company of $3.0 million after deducting commissions and expenses. There have been no subsequent offerings.

During fiscal year 2023, Prudential Insurance Company of America ("Prudential"), an institutional investor, donated a total of 550 shares of its holdings of Series D Preferred Stock to third parties. The third parties notified the Company of their intention to cancel the shares and convert them into 67,265 shares of Common Stock. During fiscal year 2024, Prudential donated a total of 3,644 shares of its holdings of Series D Preferred Stock to third parties. The third parties notified the Company of their intention to cancel the shares and convert them into 445,661 shares of Common Stock. The conversions had no impact on the Company's total capital. There have been no subsequent conversions.

On November 25, 2024, the Company entered into investment purchase agreements with certain Company directors under which it issued and sold 116,766 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01, at a price of $1.67 per share. The shares were issued on November 25, 2024, in a private placement exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The offering resulted in gross proceeds of $0.2 million. There were no underwriting discounts or commissions.

NOTE 5. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The following tables set forth changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:


$ in thousands	At March 31, 2025		Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax		At September 30, 2025
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale	$	(11,953)	$	946	$	(11,007)


$ in thousands	At March 31, 2024		Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax		At September 30, 2024
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale	$	(12,705)	$	1,859	$	(10,846)

There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss to the consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

NOTE 6. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

At September 30, 2025, securities with fair value of $44.1 million, or 96.4%, of the Bank’s total securities were classified as available-for-sale, and securities with amortized cost of $1.7 million, or 3.6%, were classified as held-to-maturity, compared to $44.5 million and $1.8 million at March 31, 2025, respectively. The Bank had no securities classified as trading at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025.

Other investments as of September 30, 2025 primarily consisted of the Company and Bank's investments in limited partnership Community Capital Funds and a $5.1 million bank-owned life insurance policy ("BOLI") purchased during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 as a channel to add to the Company's non-interest income revenue by means of an investment considered safe and sound by the Company's regulators. The investments in the limited partnerships are measured using the equity method. The BOLI is carried at the cash surrender value of the underlying policies. Income generated from the investments and the increase in the cash surrender value of the BOLI is included in other non-interest income on the Statements of Operations. Other investments totaled $6.9 million at September 30, 2025 and are included in Other Assets on the Statements of Financial Condition.

The following tables set forth the amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025:


	At September 30, 2025
	Amortized		Gross Unrealized
$ in thousands	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed Securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	$	189	$	5	$	—	$	194
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	18,141		—		(3,725)		14,416
Federal National Mortgage Association	9,878		—		(1,918)		7,960
Total mortgage-backed securities	28,208		5		(5,643)		22,570
U.S. Government Agency Securities	3,945		1		(14)		3,932

Corporate Bonds	5,261		—		(2,376)		2,885
Muni Securities	17,662		—		(2,980)		14,682

Total available-for-sale	$	55,076	$	6	$	(11,013)	$	44,069

Held-to-Maturity:
Mortgage-backed Securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	$	242	$	—	$	(4)	$	238
Federal National Mortgage Association and Other	1,408		—		(27)		1,381


Total held-to maturity	$	1,650	$	—	$	(31)	$	1,619


	At March 31, 2025
	Amortized		Gross Unrealized
$ in thousands	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed Securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	$	204	$	5	$	—	$	209
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	18,779		—		(4,017)		14,762
Federal National Mortgage Association	10,231		—		(2,130)		8,101

Total mortgage-backed securities	29,214		5		(6,147)		23,072
U.S. Government Agency Securities	4,326		—		(16)		4,310
Corporate Bonds	5,262		—		(2,442)		2,820
Muni Securities	17,673		—		(3,353)		14,320


Total available-for-sale	$	56,475	$	5	$	(11,958)	$	44,522

Held-to-Maturity:
Mortgage-backed Securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	$	249	$	—	$	(9)	$	240
Federal National Mortgage Association and Other	1,501		—		(43)		1,458


Total held-to-maturity	$	1,750	$	—	$	(52)	$	1,698

There were no sales of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024.

The following tables set forth the unrealized losses and fair value of securities in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025 for less than 12 months and 12 months or longer:


	At September 30, 2025
	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer				Total
$ in thousands	Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	(5,643)	$	22,376	$	(5,643)	$	22,376
U.S. Government Agency securities	(10)		2,256		(4)		524		(14)		2,780

Corporate bonds	—		—		(2,376)		2,885		(2,376)		2,885

Muni securities	—		—		(2,980)		14,682		(2,980)		14,682

Total available-for-sale securities	$	(10)	$	2,256	$	(11,003)	$	40,467	$	(11,013)	$	42,723
Held-to-Maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	(31)	$	1,593	$	(31)	$	1,593

Total held-to-maturity securities	$	—	$	—	$	(31)	$	1,593	$	(31)	$	1,593


	At March 31, 2025
	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer				Total
$ in thousands	Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Available-for-Sale:
Mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	(6,147)	$	22,863	$	(6,147)	$	22,863
U.S. Government Agency securities	(11)		3,467		(5)		843		(16)		4,310
Corporate bonds	—		—		(2,442)		2,820		(2,442)		2,820
Muni securities	—		—		(3,353)		14,320		(3,353)		14,320


Total available-for-sale securities	$	(11)	$	3,467	$	(11,947)	$	40,846	$	(11,958)	$	44,313
Held-to-Maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	—	$	(52)	$	1,670	$	(52)	$	1,670

Total held-to-maturity securities	$	—	$	—	$	(52)	$	1,670	$	(52)	$	1,670

Management reviews the investment portfolio on a quarterly basis to identify and evaluate each investment that has an unrealized holding loss. A total of 21 available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities had an unrealized loss at September 30, 2025 compared to 22 at March 31, 2025. Mortgage-backed securities, U.S. government agency securities, municipal securities and a corporate bond security represented 52.4%, 6.5%, 34.4% and 6.8%, respectively, of total available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2025. There were seven mortgage-backed securities, one U.S. government agency securities, one corporate bond and six municipal securities that had an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months at September 30, 2025. Management has evaluated available-for-sale securities that are in an unrealized loss position and determined that the declines in fair value are attributable to market volatility, and not credit quality or other factors. Given the high credit quality of the mortgage-backed securities, which are backed by explicit U.S. government guarantees, or guarantees by government sponsored enterprises that have credit ratings and perceived credit risk comparable to the U.S. government, the high credit quality and strong financial performance of the U.S. government agency and the results of the individual analyses and continuous surveillance on the municipal securities, as well as the corporate security that is a reputable institution in good financial standing, the risk of credit loss is minimal. Management believes that these unrealized losses are a direct result of the current rate environment and the Company has the ability and intent to hold the securities until maturity or the valuations recover. The Bank's held-to-maturity portfolio consists of five mortgage-backed securities that were in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months at September 30, 2025. These securities are either fully guaranteed or issued by a government sponsored enterprise, which has a credit rating and perceived credit risk comparable to the U.S. government. As such, no allowance for credit losses on securities available-for-sale or held-to-maturity have been established as of September 30, 2025.

The following is a summary of the amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at September 30, 2025, by remaining period to contractual maturity (ignoring earlier call dates, if any). Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain security issuers have the right to call or prepay their obligations. The table below does not consider the effects of possible prepayments or unscheduled repayments.


$ in thousands	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted Average Yield
Available-for-Sale:

One through five years	$	528	$	524	5.63	%
Five through ten years	15,155		12,765		2.27	%
After ten years	11,185		8,210		3.90	%
Mortgage-backed securities	28,208		22,570		1.64	%
Total	$	55,076	$	44,069	2.29	%
Held-to-maturity:



Mortgage-backed securities	$	1,650	$	1,619	2.87	%

NOTE 7. LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into one-to-four family, multifamily, commercial real estate, construction, business (including Small Business Administration loans), and consumer loans.

The ACL reflects management’s estimate of lifetime credit losses inherent in loans as of the balance sheet date. Management uses a disciplined process and methodology to calculate the ACL each quarter. To determine the total ACL, management estimates the reserves needed for each segment of the loan portfolio, including loans analyzed individually and loans analyzed on a pooled basis.

The following is a summary of loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025:


	September 30, 2025				March 31, 2025
$ in thousands	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Loans receivable:
One-to-four family	$	70,936	12.0	%	$	74,387	12.1	%
Multifamily	162,435		27.4	%	165,812		27.0	%
Commercial real estate	168,016		28.3	%	178,257		29.1	%
Construction	4,693		0.8	%	4,567		0.7	%
Business (1)	161,515		27.2	%	164,964		26.9	%
Consumer (2)	25,337		4.3	%	25,697		4.2	%
Total loans receivable	$	592,932	100.0	%	$	613,684	100.0	%



Allowance for credit losses	(6,129)				(6,337)
Total loans receivable, net	$	586,803			$	607,347

(1) Includes PPP loans and business overdrafts

(2) Includes personal loans and consumer overdrafts

The totals above are shown net of deferred loan fees and costs. Net deferred loan fees totaled $2.4 million and $2.6 million at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

The following is an analysis of the allowance for credit losses based upon the method of evaluating loan reserves under the expected loss methodology for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, and the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025.


Three months ended September 30, 2025
$ in thousands	One-to-four family		Multifamily		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Business		Consumer		Other		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning Balance	$	1,538	$	1,339	$	922	$	1	$	1,774	$	734	$	13	$	6,321
Charge-offs	—		—		—		—		(39)		(142)		—		(181)
Recoveries	—		—		—		—		2		2		—		4
Provision for (recovery of) Credit Losses	(54)		(39)		15		—		—		32		31		(15)

Ending Balance	$	1,484	$	1,300	$	937	$	1	$	1,737	$	626	$	44	$	6,129


Six months ended September 30, 2025
$ in thousands	One-to-four family		Multifamily		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Business		Consumer		Other		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning Balance	$	1,799	$	820	$	1,465	$	3	$	1,646	$	593	$	11	$	6,337

Charge-offs	—		—		—		—		(39)		(189)		—		(228)
Recoveries	—		—		—		—		8		53		—		61
Provision for (recovery of) Credit Losses	(315)		480		(528)		(2)		122		169		33		(41)

Ending Balance	$	1,484	$	1,300	$	937	$	1	$	1,737	$	626	$	44	$	6,129

Allowance for Credit Losses Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	$	1,484	$	1,300	$	876	$	1	$	1,674	$	524	$	44	$	5,903
Allowance for Credit Losses Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment	—		—		61		—		63		102		—		226

Loan Receivables Ending Balance:	$	70,936	$	162,435	$	168,016	$	4,693	$	161,515	$	25,337	$	—	$	592,932
Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	68,476		156,476		159,979		4,693		147,335		25,146		—		562,105
Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment	2,460		5,959		8,037		—		14,180		191		—		30,827


At March 31, 2025
$ in thousands	One-to-four family		Multifamily		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Business		Consumer		Other		Total






Allowance for Credit Losses Ending Balance:	$	1,799	$	820	$	1,465	$	3	$	1,646	$	593	$	11	$	6,337
Allowance for Credit Losses Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	1,799		820		1,404		3		1,547		560		11		6,144
Allowance for Credit Losses Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment	—		—		61		—		99		33		—		193

Loan Receivables Ending Balance:	$	74,387	$	165,812	$	178,257	$	4,567	$	164,964	$	25,697	$	—	$	613,684
Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment	72,888		161,879		169,935		4,567		151,885		25,664		—		586,818
Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment	1,499		3,933		8,322		—		13,079		33		—		26,866


Three months ended September 30, 2024
$ in thousands	One-to-four family		Multifamily		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Business		Consumer		Other		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning Balance	$	2,050	$	762	$	1,234	$	3	$	1,295	$	553	$	58	$	5,955
Charge-offs	—		—		—		—		(100)		(77)		—		(177)
Recoveries	—		—		—		—		2		1		—		3
Provision for (recovery of) Credit Losses	(37)		(3)		13		1		342		130		15		461

Ending Balance	$	2,013	$	759	$	1,247	$	4	$	1,539	$	607	$	73	$	6,242


Six months ended September 30, 2024
$ in thousands	One-to-four family		Multifamily		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Business		Consumer		Other		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning Balance	$	2,005	$	720	$	1,222	$	1	$	1,415	$	450	$	58	$	5,871

Charge-offs	—		—		—		—		(228)		(127)		—		(355)
Recoveries	—		—		—		—		4		1		—		5
Provision for (recovery of) Credit Losses	8		39		25		3		348		283		15		721
Ending Balance	$	2,013	$	759	$	1,247	$	4	$	1,539	$	607	$	73	$	6,242

The following is a summary of nonaccrual loans, at amortized cost, at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025.


	September 30, 2025
$ in thousands	Nonaccrual Loans with No Allowance		Nonaccrual Loans with an Allowance		Total Nonaccrual Loans
Gross loans receivable:
One-to-four family	$	3,222	$	—	$	3,222
Multifamily	4,522		—		4,522
Commercial real estate	6,956		—		6,956

Business	9,494		2,295		11,789
Consumer	63		128		191
Total nonaccrual loans	$	24,257	$	2,423	$	26,680


	March 31, 2025
$ in thousands	Nonaccrual Loans with No Allowance		Nonaccrual Loans with an Allowance		Total Nonaccrual Loans
Gross loans receivable:
One-to-four family	$	1,519	$	—	$	1,519
Multifamily	3,937		—		3,937
Commercial real estate	4,545		2,202		6,747

Business	12,255		104		12,359
Consumer	—		33		33
Total nonaccrual loans	$	22,256	$	2,339	$	24,595

Nonaccrual loans generally consist of loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued as a result of such loans becoming 90 days or more delinquent as to principal and/or interest payments. Accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when the payment of principal or interest is considered to be in doubt, or when a loan becomes contractually past due by 90 days or more with respect to principal or interest, except for loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest is reversed from current income. Interest income on nonaccrual loans is recorded when received based upon the collectability of the loan. There was no interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans during the six months ended September 30, 2025.

At September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, other non-performing assets totaled $52 thousand, which consisted of other real estate owned comprised of one foreclosed residential property. Other real estate owned is included in other assets in the consolidated statements of financial condition. There were no held-for-sale loans at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025.

Although we believe that substantially all risk elements at September 30, 2025 have been disclosed, it is possible that for a variety of reasons, including economic conditions, certain borrowers may be unable to comply with the contractual repayment terms on certain real estate and commercial loans.

The Bank utilizes an internal loan classification system as a means of reporting problem loans within its loan categories:

Pass - Loans have demonstrated satisfactory asset quality, earning history, liquidity, and other adequate margins of creditor protection. These loans represent a moderate credit risk and some degree of financial stability, and are considered collectible in full.

Special Mention - Loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank's credit position at some future date.

Substandard - Loans are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. These loans have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful - Loans have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, based on current facts, conditions and values, is highly questionable and improbable.

Loss - Loans are considered uncollectible with insignificant value and are charged off immediately to the allowance for credit losses.

One-to-four family residential loans and consumer loans are rated non-performing if they are delinquent in payments 90 or more days, or past maturity. All other one-to-four family residential loans and consumer loans are performing loans.

The following tables present the amortized cost of loans by year of origination and risk category by class of loans based on the most recent analysis performed in the current quarter as of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025:


At September 30, 2025
$ in thousands	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		2020 and earlier		Total
Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade:
Multifamily
Pass	$	858	$	1,712	$	6,467	$	48,007	$	38,476	$	53,115	$	148,635
Special Mention	—		—		—		1,583		7,841		—		9,424
Substandard	—		—		—		1,126		2,180		1,070		4,376
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	858		1,712		6,467		50,716		48,497		54,185		162,435

Commercial Real Estate
Pass	$	3,826	$	12,781	$	28,654	$	29,572	$	19,284	$	63,445	$	157,562
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		2,183		2,183
Substandard	—		—		—		915		2,203		5,153		8,271
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	3,826		12,781		28,654		30,487		21,487		70,781		168,016

Construction
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	4,693	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4,693
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	—		—		4,693		—		—		—		4,693

Business
Pass	$	12,916	$	23,734	$	17,836	$	24,350	$	34,196	$	30,524	$	143,556
Special Mention	—		—		—		1,786		1,972		—		3,758
Substandard	—		41		33		9,347		4,396		384		14,201
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	12,916		23,775		17,869		35,483		40,564		30,908		161,515
Gross charge-offs	—		—		39		—		—		—		39

Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity:
One-to-four Family
Performing	$	—	$	—	$	19,510	$	3,764	$	12,410	$	32,792	$	68,476
Non-Performing	—		—		—		—		—		2,460		2,460
Total	—		—		19,510		3,764		12,410		35,252		70,936

Consumer
Performing	$	14,093	$	3,746	$	6,542	$	178	$	—	$	587	$	25,146
Non-Performing	51		30		90		20		—		—		191
Total	14,144		3,776		6,632		198		—		587		25,337
Gross charge-offs	—		56		115		18		—		—		189

Total Loans (excluding gross charge-offs)	$	31,744	$	42,044	$	83,825	$	120,648	$	122,958	$	191,713	$	592,932


At March 31, 2025
$ in thousands	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		2020 and earlier		Total
Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade:
Multifamily
Pass	$	—	$	1,719	$	6,501	$	50,072	$	37,122	$	57,167	$	152,581
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		10,004		—		10,004
Substandard	—		—		—		1,093		1,380		754		3,227
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	—		1,719		6,501		51,165		48,506		57,921		165,812

Commercial Real Estate
Pass	$	1,750	$	12,913	$	28,834	$	30,728	$	20,250	$	71,793	166,268
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		3,023		644		3,667
Substandard	—		—		—		—		3,800		4,522		8,322
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	1,750		12,913		28,834		30,728		27,073		76,959		178,257

Construction
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	4,567	$	—	$	—	$	—	4,567
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	—		—		4,567		—		—		—		4,567

Business
Pass	$	2,807	$	24,325	$	18,978	$	25,906	$	39,992	$	38,115	150,123
Special Mention	—		—		—		1,803		438		—		2,241
Substandard	—		—		—		7,950		4,307		343		12,600
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	2,807		24,325		18,978		35,659		44,737		38,458		164,964
Gross charge-offs	—		—		—		160		—		129		289

Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity:
One-to-four Family
Performing	$	—	$	—	$	20,793	$	3,764	$	12,411	$	35,920	72,888
Non-Performing	—		—		—		—		—		1,499		1,499
Total	—		—		20,793		3,764		12,411		37,419		74,387

Consumer
Performing	$	11,206	$	4,556	$	8,384	$	304	$	—	$	1,193	25,643
Non-Performing	—		22		17		15		—		—		54
Total	11,206		4,578		8,401		319		—		1,193		25,697
Gross charge-offs	—		52		303		14		—		212		581

Total Loans (excluding gross charge-offs)	$	15,763	$	43,535	$	88,074	$	121,635	$	132,727	$	211,950	$	613,684

Loans are considered past due if required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were contractually due. The following tables present an aging analysis of the amortized cost of past due loans receivables at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025.


September 30, 2025
$ in thousands	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 or More Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans Receivables
One-to-four family	$	—	$	1,290	$	3,080	$	4,370	$	66,566	$	70,936
Multifamily	—		3,809		4,423		8,232		154,203		162,435
Commercial real estate	—		—		6,953		6,953		161,063		168,016
Construction	—		—		—		—		4,693		4,693
Business	71		2,985		8,475		11,531		149,984		161,515
Consumer	33		122		108		263		25,074		25,337
Total	$	104	$	8,206	$	23,039	$	31,349	$	561,583	$	592,932


March 31, 2025
$ in thousands	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 or More Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans Receivables
One-to-four family	$	804	$	—	$	1,499	$	2,303	$	72,084	$	74,387
Multifamily	7,521		1,093		2,840		11,454		154,358		165,812
Commercial real estate	1,314		—		6,722		8,036		170,221		178,257
Construction	—		—		—		—		4,567		4,567
Business	9,265		956		12,156		22,377		142,587		164,964
Consumer	108		85		33		226		25,471		25,697
Total	$	19,012	$	2,134	$	23,250	$	44,396	$	569,288	$	613,684

Collateral dependent loans are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the underlying collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. All substandard and doubtful loans and any other loans that the Chief Credit Officer deems appropriate for review, are identified and reviewed for individual analysis. The following table presents the amortized cost of collateral dependent loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025:


	At September 30, 2025						At March 31, 2025
	Collateral Type						Collateral Type
$ in thousands	Real Estate		Other		Allowance Allocated		Real Estate		Other		Allowance Allocated
One-to-four family	$	2,460	$	—	$	—	$	1,012	$	487	$	—
Multifamily	5,959		—		—		3,933		—		—
Commercial real estate	8,037		—		61		8,322		—		61

Business	14,043		137		63		13,018		62		99
Consumer	—		191		102		4		28		33
	$	30,499	$	328	$	226	$	26,289	$	577	$	193

Real estate collateral includes one-to-four family, multifamily and commercial properties. Collateral types securing business loans include accounts receivable. There have been no significant changes to the types of collateral securing the Bank's collateral dependent loans.

In certain circumstances, the Bank will modify the terms of a loan, including extension of maturity date, reduction in the stated interest rate, rescheduling of future cash flows, reduction in the face amount of the debt or reduction of past accrued interest. Loans modified are placed on nonaccrual status until the Company determines that future collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured, which generally requires that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms for a period of at least six months. There were no loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty made during the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. At September 30, 2025, loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty totaled $1.4 million, $412 thousand of which were non-performing as they were either not consistently performing in accordance with their modified terms or not performing in accordance with their modified terms for at least six months. There were two modified loans totaling $0.9 million that were on accrual status as the Company has determined that future collection of the principal and interest is reasonably assured. These have generally performed according to the restructured terms for a period of at least six months. For the periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, there were no modified loans that defaulted within 12 months of modification.

Transactions With Certain Related Persons

Federal law requires that all loans or extensions of credit to executive officers and directors must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with the general public and must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features. Furthermore, loans above the greater of $25,000, or 5% of Carver Federal’s capital and surplus (up to $500,000), to Carver Federal’s directors and executive officers must be approved in advance by a majority of the disinterested members of Carver Federal’s Board of Directors. There were no loans outstanding to related parties at September 30, 2025.

NOTE 8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Bank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

The following table reflects the Bank's outstanding commitments as of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025:


$ in thousands	September 30, 2025		March 31, 2025
Commitments to fund mortgage loans	$	4,000	$	—
Commitments to fund commercial and consumer loans	1,276		—
Lines of credit	3,786		3,836
Letters of credit	412		412
Commitment to fund private equity investment	657		720
	$	10,131	$	4,968

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since some of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the counterparty.

The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless such commitments are unconditionally cancellable, through the provision for credit losses expense using CECL expected loss methodology. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures was $14 thousand as of September 30, 2025 and is included in Other Liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition.

NOTE 9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is an “exit” price, representing the amount that would be received when selling an asset, or paid when transferring a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. Fair value measurements are categorized in a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

•Level 1— Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•Level 2— Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

◦Level 3— Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

A financial instrument’s categorization within this valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following table presents, by valuation hierarchy, assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, and that are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at these dates:


	Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2025, Using
$ in thousands	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Mortgage servicing rights	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Investment securities
Available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	—		194		—		194
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	—		14,416		—		14,416
Federal National Mortgage Association	—		7,960		—		7,960

U.S. Government Agency securities	—		3,932		—		3,932

Corporate bonds	—		2,885		—		2,885
Muni securities	—		14,682		—		14,682

Total available-for-sale securities	—		44,069		—		44,069

Total assets	$	—	$	44,069	$	—	$	44,069


	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2025, Using
$ in thousands	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Mortgage servicing rights	$	—	$	—	$	130	$	130
Investment securities
Available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government National Mortgage Association	—		209		—		209
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation	—		14,762		—		14,762
Federal National Mortgage Association	—		8,101		—		8,101

U.S. Government Agency securities	—		4,310		—		4,310
Corporate bonds	—		2,820		—		2,820
Muni securities	—		14,320		—		14,320

Total available-for-sale securities	—		44,522		—		44,522

Total assets	$	—	$	44,522	$	130	$	44,652

Instruments for which unobservable inputs are significant to their fair value measurement (i.e., Level 3) include mortgage servicing rights (“MSR”). Level 3 assets accounted for 0.02% of the Company’s total assets at March 31, 2025. There were no level 3 assets at September 30, 2025.

The Company reviews and updates the fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Changes from one quarter to the next that are related to the observable inputs to a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification from one hierarchy level to another.

Below is a description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of available-for-sale securities and MSR:

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy.

If quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to market information, models also incorporate transaction details, such as maturity and cash flow assumptions. Securities valued in this manner would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy and primarily include such instruments as mortgage-related securities and corporate debt.

During the six months ended September 30, 2025, there were no transfers of investments into or out of each level of the fair value hierarchy.

In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. In valuing certain securities, the determination of fair value may require benchmarking to similar instruments or analyzing default and recovery rates. Quoted price information for the MSRs is not available. Therefore, MSRs are valued using market-standard models to model the specific cash flow structure. Key inputs to the model consist of principal balance of loans being serviced, servicing fees and discount and prepayment rates.

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

The following table includes a rollforward of assets classified by the Company within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:


$ in thousands	Beginning balance, April 1, 2025		Total Realized/Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Recorded in Income (1)	Issuances / (Settlements)	Transfers to/(from) Level 3	Ending balance, September 30, 2025		Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Related to Instruments Held at September 30, 2025




Mortgage servicing rights	$	130	(130)	—	—	$	—	$	—


$ in thousands	Beginning balance, April 1, 2024		Total Realized/Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Recorded in Income (1)	Issuances / (Settlements)	Transfers to/(from) Level 3	Ending balance, September 30, 2024		Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Related to Instruments Held at September 30, 2024




Mortgage servicing rights	$	140	(9)	—	—	$	131	$	(8)

(1) Includes net servicing cash flows and the passage of time.

For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

$ in thousands

Fair Value

March 31, 2025

Valuation Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Range

Weighted Average

Mortgage servicing rights

130

Discounted Cash Flow

Constant Prepayment Rate (1)

3.0% to 9.8%

6.4

Option Adjusted Spread ("OAS")

N/A

1000 basis points

(1) Represents annualized loan repayment rate assumptions (ZMUPT model)

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Such instruments are subject to fair value adjustments under certain circumstances (e.g. when there is evidence of impairment). The following table presents assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, and that are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at these dates:

Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2025 Using

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets

Significant Other Observable Inputs

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Total Fair Value

$ in thousands

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Other real estate owned

—

Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2025, Using

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets

Significant Other Observable Inputs

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Total Fair Value

$ in thousands

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Other real estate owned

—

For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

$ in thousands

Fair Value

September 30, 2025

Valuation Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Significant Unobservable Input Value

Other real estate owned

Appraisal of collateral

Appraisal adjustments

7.5% cost to sell

$ in thousands

Fair Value March 31, 2025

Valuation Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Significant Unobservable Input Value

Other real estate owned

Appraisal of collateral

Appraisal adjustments

7.5% cost to sell

The fair values of collateral dependent impaired loans are determined using various valuation techniques, including consideration of appraised values and other pertinent real estate market data.

Other real estate owned represents property acquired by the Bank in settlement of loans less costs to sell (i.e., through foreclosure, repossession or as an in-substance foreclosure). These assets are recorded at the lower of their cost or fair value. At the time of acquisition of the real estate owned, the real property value is adjusted to its current fair value. Any subsequent adjustments will be to the lower of cost or fair value. As of September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, the Company had loans with a carrying value of $17.4 million and $16.1 million, respectively, for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process.

NOTE 10. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments are required to include, in addition to the carrying value, the fair value of certain financial instruments, both assets and liabilities recorded on and off-balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. Accounting guidance defines financial instruments as cash, evidence of ownership of an entity, or a contract that conveys or imposes on an entity the contractual right or obligation to either receive or deliver cash or another financial instrument. The fair value of a financial instrument is discussed below. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, estimated fair values have been determined by the Bank using the best available data and estimation methodology suitable for each such category of financial instruments. For those loans and deposits with floating interest rates, it is presumed that estimated fair values generally approximate their recorded carrying value. The Bank's primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact the Bank's fair value of all interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, other than those which are short-term in maturity.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Bank’s financial instruments and estimation methodologies at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025 are as follows:


	September 30, 2025
$ in thousands	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	40,747	$	40,747	$	40,747	$	—	$	—

Securities available-for-sale	44,069		44,069		—		44,069		—


Securities held-to-maturity	1,650		1,619		—		1,619		—
Loans receivable	586,803		584,270		—		—		584,270

Accrued interest receivable	3,092		3,092		—		3,092		—
Mortgage servicing rights	—		—		—		—		—

Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	625,592	$	620,743	$	409,809	$	210,934	$	—
Advances from FHLB-NY	9,127		9,134		—		9,134		—

Other borrowed money	18,403		18,035		—		18,035		—
Accrued interest payable	1,465		1,465		—		1,465		—


	March 31, 2025
$ in thousands	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	50,315	$	50,315	$	50,315	$	—	$	—

Securities available-for-sale	44,522		44,522		—		44,522		—


Securities held-to-maturity	1,750		1,698		—		1,698		—
Loans receivable	607,347		593,030		—		—		593,030

Accrued interest receivable	2,980		2,980		—		2,980		—
Mortgage servicing rights	130		130		—		—		130

Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	661,837	$	658,537	$	406,948	$	251,589	$	—
Advances from FHLB-NY	1,814		1,817		—		1,817		—
Other borrowed money	18,403		17,900		—		17,900		—
Accrued interest payable	1,049		1,049		—		1,049		—

NOTE 11. NON-INTEREST REVENUE AND EXPENSE

ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customer ("Topic 606") does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities. In addition, certain non-interest income streams such as gains on sales of residential mortgage and SBA loans, income associated with servicing assets, and loan fees, including residential mortgage originations to be sold and prepayment and late fees charged across all loan categories are not in scope of the guidance. Topic 606 is applicable to non-interest revenue streams, such as depository fees, service charges and commission revenues. The Company generally satisfies its performance obligations on contracts with customers as services are rendered, and the transaction prices are typically fixed and charged either on a periodic basis or based on activity. Because performance obligations are satisfied as services are rendered and the transaction prices are fixed, there is little judgment involved in applying Topic 606 that significantly affects the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers. Non-interest revenue streams in-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below.

Depository fees and charges

Depository fees and charges primarily relate to service fees on deposit accounts and fees earned from debit cards and check cashing transactions. Service fees on deposit accounts consist of ATM fees, NSF fees, account maintenance charges and other deposit related fees. The fees are recognized as revenue over the period the related service is provided, or as incurred for transaction-based fees in accordance with the fee schedules for the Bank's deposit products and services. The payment for these services are received at the time the services are provided or when customer transactions take place.

Loan fees and service charges

Loan fees and service charges primarily relate to program management fees and fees earned in accordance with the Bank's standard lending fees (such as inspection and late charges). The payments are received when such services are provided and these standard lending fees are recognized as revenue over the period the related service is provided.

Other non-interest income

Other non-interest income includes revenue from the Bank's participation in JPMorgan Chase's Empowering Change program, and income associated with an advertising services agreement covering marketing and use of the Bank's office space with a third party. The payments are typically received monthly and the revenue is recognized over the period the related service is provided and collected in accordance with the agreements.

Interchange income

The Company earns interchange fees from debit card holder transactions conducted through various payment networks. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided by an outsource technology solution and are presented on a net basis.

The following table presents non-interest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands	2025		2024		2025		2024
Non-interest income
In-scope of Topic 606
Depository fees and charges	$	675	$	545	$	1,348	$	1,083
Loan fees and service charges	233		60		357		17
Other non-interest income	298		106		464		189
Non-interest income (in-scope of Topic 606)	1,206		711		2,169		1,289
Non-interest income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)	43		(127)		348		—
Total non-interest income	$	1,249	$	584	$	2,517	$	1,289

The following table sets forth other non-interest income and expense totals exceeding 1% of the aggregate of total interest income and non-interest income for any of the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands	2025		2024		2025		2024
Other non-interest income:

MSR valuation	$	—	$	1	$	(130)	$	(9)

Empowering Change program fees	288		97		$	446	$	172


Other	37		59		446		110
Total other non-interest income	$	325	$	157	$	762	$	273

Other non-interest expense:


Legal expense	163		$	174	240		324
Insurance and surety	222		285		451		576
Audit expense	160		167		320		333

Data lines / internet	118		116		224		213



Retail expenses	323		162		607		457
Operating charge-offs and other losses	164		21		332		46


Director's fees	95		105		190		210
Other	576		677		1,114		1,450
Total other non-interest expense	$	1,821	$	1,707	$	3,478	$	3,609

NOTE 12. LEASES

As of September 30, 2025, operating right-of-use ("ROU") lease assets and related lease liabilities totaled $7.0 million and $7.5 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, operating ROU lease assets and related lease liabilities totaled $8.2 million and $8.9 million, respectively.

As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $15 thousand and $16 thousand of ROU asset and lease liability, respectively, for finance leases related to equipment. The ROU asset is included in Premises and Equipment, net, and the lease liability is included in Advances from the FHLB-NY and Other Borrowed Money on the statements of financial condition.

The following tables present information about the Company's leases and the related lease costs as of and for the six months ended September 30, 2025:


	September 30, 2025		March 31, 2025
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases	3.1 years		3.5 years
Finance lease	3.4 years		1.3 years

Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases	3.36	%	3.34	%
Finance lease	4.33	%	5.00	%


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands	2025		2024		2025		2024
Operating lease expense	$	710	$	672	$	1,419	$	1,378

Finance lease cost
Amortization of right-of-use asset	12		11		22		25
Interest on lease liability	—		1		1		2

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating leases	722		736		1,463		1,470
Finance lease	14		9		28		27

Maturities of lease liabilities at September 30, 2025 are as follows:


$ in thousands	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
Year ending March 31,
2026	$	1,415	$	5
2027	2,583		3
2028	2,411		3
2029	1,326		3
2030	134		3
Thereafter	80		—
Total lease payments	7,949		17
Interest	(420)		(1)
Lease liability	$	7,529	$	16

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 which may be identified by the use of such words as “may,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “should,” “plan,” “estimate,” “predict,” “continue,” and “potential” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, estimates with respect to the Company's financial condition, results of operations and business that are subject to various factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these estimates. These factors include but are not limited to the following:

•changes in interest rates, which may reduce net interest margin and net interest income;

•monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

•the ability of the Company to obtain approval from the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia (the "Federal Reserve Bank") to distribute interest payments owed to the holders of the Company's subordinated debt securities;

•the Company's ability to manage its profitability and costs;

•turnover in senior management or the Company's ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

•the ability of Carver Federal Savings Bank (the "Bank") to comply with the formal agreement dated May 14, 2025, between the Bank and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC") (the "Formal Agreement"), and the effect of the requirements of the Formal Agreement on the Bank;

•the limitations imposed on the Company which require, among other things, written approval of the Federal Reserve Bank prior to the declaration or payment of dividends, any increase in debt by the Company, or the redemption of Company common stock, or the approval of the OCC to retain new executive officers or to nominate new members of the Board of Directors and the effect on operations resulting from such limitations;

•the risks related to disruption in the banking industry and financial markets;

•the market price and trading volume of our shares of common stock has been and may continue to be volatile, and purchasers of our securities could incur substantial losses;

•changes in the level of trends of delinquencies and write-offs and in our allowance and provision for credit losses;

•the results of examinations by our regulators, including the possibility that our regulators may, among other things, require us to increase our allowance for credit losses, write down assets, change our regulatory capital position, limit our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits;

•national and/or local changes in economic conditions, which could occur from numerous causes, including political changes, domestic and international policy changes, unrest, war and weather, inflation or deflation conditions in the real estate, securities markets or the banking industry, which could affect liquidity in the capital markets, the volume of loan originations, deposit flows, real estate values, the levels of non-interest income and the amount of credit losses;

•adverse changes in the financial industry and the securities, credit, national and local real estate markets (including real estate values);

•changes in our existing loan portfolio composition (including reduction in commercial real estate loan concentration) and credit quality or changes in credit loss requirements;

•legislative or regulatory changes that may adversely affect the Company’s business, including but not limited to new capital regulations, which could result in, among other things, increased deposit insurance premiums and assessments, capital requirements, regulatory fees and compliance costs, and the resources we have available to address such changes;

•changes in the level of government support of housing finance;

•changes to state rent control laws, which may impact the credit quality of multifamily housing loans;

•our ability to control costs and expenses;

•the imposition of tariffs or other domestic or international governmental policies and retaliatory responses;

•the impact of the current federal government shutdown;

•the impairment of our investment securities;

•risks related to a high concentration of loans to borrowers secured by property located in our market area;

•increases in competitive pressure among financial institutions or non-financial institutions;

•unexpected outflows of uninsured deposits could require us to sell investment securities at a loss;

•changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;

•technological changes that may be more difficult to implement or more costly than anticipated;

•changes in deposit flows, loan demand, real estate values, borrowing facilities, capital markets and investment opportunities, which may adversely affect our business;

•changes in accounting standards, policies and practices, as may be adopted or established by the regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board could negatively impact the Company's financial results;

•litigation or regulatory actions, whether currently existing or commencing in the future, which may restrict our operations or strategic business plan;

•the impact of actions taken by activist shareholders and the costs and expenses associated with such actions;

•the ability to originate and purchase loans with attractive terms and acceptable credit quality; and

•the ability to attract and retain key members of management, and to address staffing needs in response to product demand or to implement business initiatives.

Because forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, actual results or future events could differ possibly materially from those that the Company anticipated in its forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and the Company assumes no obligation to, and expressly disclaims any obligation to, update these forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting such forward-looking

statements or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements, except as legally required.

Overview

Carver Bancorp, Inc. is the holding company for Carver Federal Savings Bank, a federally chartered savings bank. The Company is headquartered in New York, New York. The Company conducts business as a unitary savings and loan holding company, and the principal business of the Company consists of the operation of Carver Federal. Carver Federal was founded in 1948 to serve African-American communities whose residents, businesses and institutions had limited access to mainstream financial services. The Bank remains headquartered in Harlem, and predominantly all of its seven branches are located in low- to moderate-income neighborhoods. Many of these historically underserved communities have experienced unprecedented growth and diversification of incomes, ethnicity and economic opportunity, after decades of public and private investment.

Carver Federal is among the largest African-American operated banks in the United States. The Bank remains dedicated to expanding wealth-enhancing opportunities in the communities it serves by increasing access to capital and other financial services for consumers, businesses and non-profit organizations, including faith-based institutions. A measure of its progress in achieving this goal includes the Bank's seventh consecutive "Outstanding" rating, issued by the OCC following its most recent Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) examination in June 2025. The OCC found that the majority of Carver Federal's loans were made within our assessment area, and the Bank has demonstrated excellent responsiveness to its assessment area's needs through its community development lending, investing and service activities. The Bank had approximately $697.9 million in assets and 96 employees as of September 30, 2025.

Carver Federal engages in a wide range of consumer and commercial banking services. The Bank provides deposit products, including demand, savings and time deposits for consumers, businesses, and governmental and quasi-governmental agencies in its local market area within New York City. In addition to deposit products, Carver Federal offers a number of other consumer and commercial banking products and services, including debit cards, online account opening and banking, online bill pay and telephone banking. Carver Federal also offers a suite of products and services for unbanked and underbanked consumers, branded as Carver Community Cash. This includes check cashing, wire transfers, bill payment, reloadable prepaid cards and money orders.

Carver Federal offers loan products covering a variety of asset classes, including commercial and multifamily mortgages, and business loans. The Bank finances mortgage and loan products through deposits or borrowings. Funds not used to originate mortgages and loans are invested primarily in U.S. government agency securities and mortgage-backed securities.

The Bank's primary market area for deposits consists of the areas served by its seven branches in the Brooklyn, Manhattan and Queens boroughs of New York City. The neighborhoods in which the Bank's branches are located have historically been low- to moderate-income areas. The Bank's primary lending market includes Kings, New York, Bronx and Queens Counties in New York City, and lower Westchester County, New York. Although the Bank's branches are primarily located in areas that were historically underserved by other financial institutions, the Bank faces significant competition for deposits and mortgage lending in its market areas. Management believes that this competition has become more intense as a result of increased examination emphasis by federal banking regulators on financial institutions' fulfillment of their responsibilities under the CRA and more recently due to the decline in demand for loans. Carver Federal's market area has a high density of financial institutions, many of which have greater financial resources, name recognition and market presence, and all of which are competitors to varying degrees. The Bank's competition for loans comes principally from commercial banks, savings institutions and mortgage banking companies. The Bank's most direct competition for deposits comes from commercial banks, savings institutions and credit unions. Competition for deposits also comes from money market mutual funds, corporate and government securities funds, and financial intermediaries such as brokerage firms and insurance companies. Many of the Bank's competitors have substantially greater resources and offer a wider array of financial services and products. This, combined with competitors' larger presence in the New York market, add to the challenges the Bank faces in expanding its current market share and growing its near-term profitability.

Carver Federal's more than 75-year history in its market area, its community involvement and relationships, targeted products and services and personal service consistent with community banking, help the Bank compete with competitors that have entered its market.

The Company's subsidiary, Carver Statutory Trust I (the "Trust"), is not consolidated with Carver Bancorp Inc. for financial reporting purposes in accordance with the FASB's ASC Topic 810 regarding the consolidation of variable interest entities. The Trust was formed in 2003 for the purpose of issuing $13 million aggregate liquidation amount of floating rate

Capital Securities due September 17, 2033 (“Capital Securities”) and $0.4 million of common securities (which are the only voting securities of the Trust), which are 100% owned by Carver Bancorp Inc., and using the proceeds to acquire junior subordinated debentures issued by Carver Bancorp, Inc. Carver Bancorp, Inc. has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the Capital Securities along with all obligations of the Trust under the trust agreement relating to the Capital Securities. The Company does not consolidate the accounts and related activity of Carver Statutory Trust I because it is not the primary beneficiary of the entity. At September 30, 2025, the Company's maximum exposure to the Trust is $14.0 million, which is the Company's liability to the Trust and includes the Company's investment in the Trust.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Note 2 to the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended March 31, 2025 included in its Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2025, as supplemented by this report, contains a summary of significant accounting estimates. The Company believes its policies with respect to the methodologies used to determine the allowance for credit losses is the most critical accounting estimate. This estimate involves a high degree of complexity, requiring management to make difficult and subjective judgments, which often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. Changes in these judgments, assumptions or estimates could result in material differences in the Company's results of operations or financial condition. The following description of these policies should be read in conjunction with the corresponding section of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2025.

Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL")

The ACL reflects management's evaluation of the loans presenting identified loss potential, as well as the risk inherent in various components of the portfolio. There is significant judgment applied in estimating the ACL. These assumptions and estimates are susceptible to significant changes based on the current environment. Inflation remains somewhat elevated and rates remain high and affect customer demand. The Federal Reserve approved two interest rate cuts in September and October 2025, lowering the overnight borrowing rate to a range of 3.75% to 4%, the lowest in three years. A high interest rate environment can negatively impact the Company if the higher debt service costs on adjustable-rate loans lead to borrowers' inability to pay contractual obligations. Further, any change in the size of the loan portfolio or any of its components could necessitate an increase in the ACL even though there may not be a decline in credit quality or an increase in potential problem loans. As such, there can never be assurance that the ACL accurately reflects the actual loss potential inherent in a loan portfolio. There have been no significant changes to the inputs and assumptions during the six months ended September 30, 2025.

The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the loan portfolio's amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. Additions to the allowance are recognized through the provision for credit losses. Loan losses are charged off against the allowance when management believes a loan balance is deemed as uncollectible. Management continues its collection efforts on previously charged-off balances and applies recoveries as additions to the ACL. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The discounted cash flow ("DCF") methodology is used for substantially all pools, applied with a 4-quarter reasonable and supportable forecast period and the loss rate reverts back to the long-term historical loss average with a 12-quarter straight-line reversion period where the ACL reflects the difference between the amortized cost and the present value of the expected cash flows.

Expected credit losses are measured on a collective pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans with similar risk characteristics are grouped into homogeneous segments, or pools, for allowance calculation. The Company's loan portfolio segments as of September 30, 2025 were as follows:

•One-to-four Family - Carver Federal purchases first mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family properties that serve as the primary residence of the owner and non-qualified mortgages for one-to-four family residential loans. The loans are underwritten in accordance with applicable secondary market underwriting guidelines and requirements for sale. These loans present a moderate level of risk due primarily to general economic conditions.

•Multifamily - Carver Federal originates and purchases recourse and non-recourse multifamily loans. The Bank generally requires a debt service coverage ratio at origination of at least 1.20x (with personal guarantees), and that the maximum loan-to-value ("LTV") at origination not exceed 75% based on the appraised value of the mortgaged property. Multifamily property lending entails additional risks compared to one-to-four family lending. These loans are dependent on the successful operation of such buildings and can be significantly impacted by economic conditions, industry concentration, valuation of the underlying properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates, and changes in market demand for multifamily units. The Bank primarily considers the property's ability to generate net operating

income sufficient to support the debt service, the financial resources, income level and managerial expertise of the owner/guarantor, the marketability of the property and the Bank's lending experience with the owner/guarantor.

•Commercial Real Estate ("CRE") - CRE lending consists predominantly of originating loans for the purpose of purchasing or refinancing office, mixed-use properties, retail and church buildings in the Bank's market area. Mixed-use loans are secured by properties that are intended for both commercial and residential use, but predominantly commercial, and are classified as CRE. The Bank primarily considers the ability of the net operating income generated by the real estate to support the debt service, the financial resources, income level and managerial expertise of the owner/guarantor, the marketability of the property and the Bank's lending experience with the owner/guarantor. The maximum LTV ratio on CRE loans at origination is generally 75% based on the latest appraised fair market value of the mortgaged property and the Bank generally requires a debt service coverage ratio at origination of at least 1.20x (with guarantor recourse). The Bank also requires the assignment of rents of all tenants' leases in the mortgaged property and personal guarantees may be obtained for additional security from these borrowers. CRE loans generally present a higher level of risk than other types of loans due primarily to the effect of general economic conditions and the complexities involved in valuing the underlying collateral.

•Construction - Carver Federal historically originated or participated in construction loans for new construction and renovation of multifamily buildings, residential developments, community service facilities, churches, and affordable housing programs. The loans provide for disbursement in stages as construction is completed. Borrowers must satisfy all credit requirements that apply to the Bank’s permanent mortgage loan financing for the mortgaged property. The Bank has additional criteria for construction loans, including an engineer’s plan and periodic cost reviews on all construction budgets for loans. Construction loans present an increased level of risk from the effect of general economic conditions and uncertainties surrounding construction costs.

•Business - Carver Federal originates and purchases business and SBA loans primarily to businesses located in its primary market area and surrounding areas. Business loans are typically personally guaranteed by the owners and may also be secured by additional collateral, including real estate, equipment and inventory. Business loans are subject to increased risk from the effect of general economic conditions. SBA loans are guaranteed by the U.S. government based on the percentage of each individual program.

•Consumer (including Overdraft accounts) - The Consumer portfolio includes student loans to medical students enrolled in several medical schools, throughout the United States and the Caribbean, as well as unsecured consumer loans purchased from or originated through strategic partnerships with Bankers Healthcare Group, LLC and Upstart Holdings, Inc. Consumer loans are typically unsecured and more susceptible to declining economic conditions.

Because expected loss predictions may not adequately project the level of losses inherent in a portfolio, the Bank reviews a number of qualitative factors to determine if reserves should be adjusted based upon any of those factors. As the risk ratings deteriorate, some of the qualitative factors tend to increase. A number of qualitative factors are considered including economic forecast uncertainty, credit quality trends, valuation trends, concentration risk, quality of loan review, changes in personnel, impact of rising rates, external factors and other considerations. Although the quantitative calculation includes a measurement of statistical economic conditions based on national averages, an additional analysis is performed at the qualitative level that applies specifically to the Company's geographic area and the banking industry that includes reasonable and supportable forecasts.

Stock Repurchase Program

On August 6, 2002, the Company announced a stock repurchase program to repurchase up to 15,442 shares of its outstanding common stock. As of September 30, 2025, 11,744 shares of its common stock have been repurchased in open market transactions at an average price of $235.80 per share (as adjusted for 1-for-15 reverse stock split that occurred on October 27, 2011).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measure of the Bank's ability to generate adequate cash to meet its financial obligations. The principal cash requirements of a financial institution are to cover potential deposit outflows, fund increases in its loan and investment portfolios and ongoing operating expenses. The Bank's primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowed funds and principal and interest payments on loans, mortgage-backed securities and investment securities. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans, mortgage-backed securities and investment securities are predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan and mortgage-backed securities prepayments are strongly influenced by changes in general interest rates, economic

conditions and competition. Carver Federal monitors its liquidity utilizing guidelines that are contained in a policy developed by its management and approved by its Board of Directors. Carver Federal's several liquidity measurements are evaluated on a frequent basis.

Management believes Carver Federal’s short-term assets have sufficient liquidity to cover loan demand, potential fluctuations in deposit accounts and to meet other anticipated cash requirements. Additionally, Carver Federal has other sources of liquidity including the ability to borrow from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York ("FRBNY") utilizing unpledged mortgage-backed securities and certain mortgage loans, the sale of available-for-sale securities and the sale of certain mortgage loans. Net borrowings increased $7.3 million, or 36.1%, to $27.5 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $20.2 million at March 31, 2025. During the first quarter of the current fiscal year, the Bank repaid a $1.8 million 12-month fixed-rate advance that had been secured through the second round of the FHLB-NY 0% Development Advance (ZDA) Program. The ZDA Program provides FHLB-NY members with subsidized funding in the form of interest rate credits to assist in originating or purchasing loans that meet an eligibility criteria. The Bank secured two new 12-month fixed-rate ZDA advances totaling $4.1 million during the six months ended September 30, 2025. In addition, the Bank secured a $5.0 million overnight advance on September 30, 2025 for liquidity purposes. At September 30, 2025, outstanding advances from the FHLB-NY totaled $9.1 million. At September 30, 2025, based on available collateral held at the FHLB-NY, Carver Federal had the ability to borrow an additional $16.6 million on a secured basis, utilizing mortgage-related loans and securities as collateral. The Bank has the ability to pledge additional loans as collateral in order to borrow up to 30% of its total assets. In addition, the Bank had $23.3 million of collateralized borrowing capacity at the FRB discount window with no amounts outstanding as of September 30, 2025. The Company also had $13.4 million in subordinated debt securities and $5.0 million in low interest loans outstanding as of September 30, 2025.

During fiscal year 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with a third party, under which the third party provided the Company with a $25.0 million revolving unsecured long-term, below-market-rate loan to support the Bank in financing initiatives that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote energy efficiency in building projects, fleet upgrades to electric vehicles, and electric vehicle charging station infrastructure. The loan facility will also support the working capital and asset-specific financing needs of Minority and Women-owned Business Enterprises working on green energy projects, weatherization, electrification, and green technology. As of September 30, 2025, the Company has not drawn on the facility.

The Bank's most liquid assets are cash and short-term investments. The level of these assets is dependent on the Bank's operating, investing and financing activities during any given period. At September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025, assets qualifying for short-term liquidity, including cash and cash equivalents, totaled $40.7 million and $50.3 million, respectively.

During fiscal year 2022, the Company entered into a sales agreement with an agent to sell, from time to time, our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $20.0 million, in an “at the market offering.” During fiscal year 2022, we sold an aggregate of 397,367 shares of our common stock pursuant to the terms of such sales agreement, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3.1 million. Aggregate net proceeds received were approximately $3.0 million, after deducting expenses and commissions paid to the agent. There have been no subsequent offerings.

The most significant potential liquidity challenge the Bank faces is variability in its cash flows as a result of mortgage refinance activity. When mortgage interest rates decline, customers’ refinance activities tend to accelerate, causing the cash flow from both the mortgage loan portfolio and the mortgage-backed securities portfolio to accelerate. In contrast, when mortgage interest rates increase, refinance activities tend to slow, causing a reduction of liquidity. However, in a rising rate environment, customers generally tend to prefer fixed-rate mortgage loan products over variable rate products. Carver Federal is also at risk of deposit outflows due to a competitive interest rate environment.

The Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows present the change in cash from operating, investing and financing activities. During the six months ended September 30, 2025, total cash and cash equivalents decreased $9.6 million to $40.7 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $50.3 million at March 31, 2025, reflecting cash used in operating activities of $1.8 million and cash used in financing activities of $28.9 million, partially offset by cash provided by investing activities of $21.2 million. Net cash used in financing activities of $28.9 million resulted from a net decrease in deposits of $36.2 million, partially offset by an increase of $7.3 million in net FHLB-NY advances. Certificates of deposit decreased in the current period primarily due to a $38.0 million decrease in brokered deposits that were renewed at lesser amounts. Net cash provided by investing activities of $21.2 million was attributable to investment paydowns and loan repayments and payoffs, net of originations.

Capital adequacy is one of the most important factors used to determine the safety and soundness of individual banks and the banking system. In common with all U.S. banks, Carver Federal’s capital adequacy is measured in accordance with the

Basel III regulatory framework governing capital adequacy, stress testing, and market liquidity risk. Carver was issued an Individual Minimum Capital Ratio (“IMCR”) letter by the OCC, which requires the Bank to maintain minimum regulatory capital levels of 9% for its Tier 1 leverage ratio and 12% for its total risk-based capital ratio. At September 30, 2025, the Bank's capital level exceeded the regulatory requirements to be considered "well capitalized" but did not meet its IMCR requirements. The Tier 1 leverage ratio was 8.70%, below the 9% IMCR requirement, and the total risk-based capital ratio was 11.44%, below the 12% IMCR requirement. The Bank is working on taking appropriate actions with the goal of achieving the IMCR targets.

Federal banking agencies have established regulations for institutions with assets of less than $10 billion that meet other specified criteria a “community bank leverage ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) of 9% that such institutions may elect to utilize in lieu of the generally applicable leverage and risk-based capital requirements. A “qualifying community bank” with capital exceeding 9% will be considered compliant with all applicable regulatory capital and leverage requirements, including the requirement to be “well capitalized.” For the current period, the Bank has elected to continue to utilize the generally applicable leverage and risk-based requirements and not apply the community bank leverage ratio.

The table below presents the capital position of the Bank at September 30, 2025:


	September 30, 2025
($ in thousands)	Amount		Ratio
Tier 1 leverage capital
Regulatory capital	$	61,661	8.70	%
Individual minimum capital requirement	63,787		9.00	%
Minimum capital requirement	28,350		4.00	%
Shortage under individual minimum capital requirement	(2,126)		(0.30)	%

Common equity Tier 1
Regulatory capital	$	61,661	10.39	%
Minimum capital requirement	41,547		7.00	%
Excess	20,114		3.39	%

Tier 1 risk-based capital
Regulatory capital	$	61,661	10.39	%
Minimum capital requirement	50,450		8.50	%
Excess	11,211		1.89	%

Total risk-based capital
Regulatory capital	$	67,884	11.44	%
Individual minimum capital requirement	71,224		12.00	%
Minimum capital requirement	62,321		10.50	%
Shortage under individual minimum capital requirement	(3,340)		(0.56)	%

Bank Regulatory Matters

On May 14, 2025, the Bank entered into the Formal Agreement with the OCC. As a result of the Formal Agreement, the Bank is required to obtain the approval of the OCC prior to effecting any change in its directors or senior executive officers, paying dividends and entering into any "golden parachute payments" as that term is defined under 12 U.S.C. § 1828(k) and 12 C.F.R. Part 359. In addition, Carver was previously issued an Individual Minimum Capital Ratio ("IMCR") letter by the OCC, which requires the Bank to maintain minimum regulatory capital levels of 9% for its Tier 1 leverage ratio and 12% for its total risk-based capital ratio.

The Company must provide notice to the FRB prior to effecting any change in its directors or senior executive officers. The Company is also subject to restrictions on golden parachute and indemnification payments, as set forth in 12 C.F.R. Part 359. Written approval of the Federal Reserve Bank is required prior to (1) the declaration or payment of dividends by the Company to its stockholders, (2) the declaration or payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company, (3) any distributions of interest or principal by the Company on subordinated debentures or trust preferred securities, (4) any purchases or redemptions of the Company's stock and (5) the Company incurring, increasing or guaranteeing certain long-term debt outside the ordinary course of business. These limitations could affect our operations and financial performance.

Mortgage Representation and Warranty Liabilities

During the period 2004 through 2009, the Bank originated 1-4 family residential mortgage loans and sold the loans to the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”). The loans were sold to FNMA with the standard representations and warranties for loans sold to the Government Sponsored Entities ("GSEs"). The Bank may be required to repurchase these loans in the event of breaches of these representations and warranties. In the event of a repurchase, the Bank is typically required to pay the unpaid principal balance as well as outstanding interest and fees. The Bank then recovers the loan or, if the loan has been foreclosed, the underlying collateral. The Bank is exposed to any losses on repurchased loans after giving effect to any recoveries on the collateral. The Bank has not received a request to repurchase any of these loans since the second quarter of fiscal 2015, and there have not been any additional requests from FNMA for loans to be reviewed. During the first quarter of the current fiscal year, the Bank terminated its servicing agreement and transferred the portfolio to FNMA. The Bank remains responsible for the obligations that existed prior to the termination, including repurchasing and making FNMA whole with respect to mortgage loans that do not comply with the representations and warranties.

The following table presents information on open requests from FNMA. The amounts presented are based on outstanding loan principal balances.


$ in thousands	Loans sold to FNMA
Open claims as of March 31, 2025 (1)	$	1,350
Gross new demands received	—
Loans repurchased/made whole	—
Demands rescinded	—
Advances on open claims	—
Principal payments received on open claims	—
Open claims as of September 30, 2025 (1)	$	1,350

(1) The open claims include all open requests received by the Bank where either FNMA has requested loan files for review, where FNMA has not formally rescinded the repurchase request or where the Bank has not agreed to repurchase the loan. The amounts reflected in this table are the unpaid principal balance and do not incorporate any losses the Bank would incur upon the repurchase of these loans.

Management has established a representation and warranty reserve for losses associated with the repurchase of mortgage loans sold by the Bank to FNMA that we consider to be both probable and reasonably estimable. These reserves are reported in the consolidated statement of financial condition as a component of other liabilities. The table below summarizes changes in our representation and warranty reserves during the six months ended September 30, 2025:


$ in thousands	September 30, 2025
Representation and warranty repurchase reserve, March 31, 2025 (1)	$	80
Net adjustment to reserve for repurchase losses (2)	—

Representation and warranty repurchase reserve, September 30, 2025 (1)	$	80

(1) Reported in our consolidated statements of financial condition as a component of other liabilities.

(2) Component of other non-interest expense.

Comparison of Financial Condition at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025

Assets

At September 30, 2025, total assets were $697.9 million, reflecting a decrease of $32.1 million, or 4.4%, from total assets of $730.0 million at March 31, 2025. The decrease was primarily attributable to decreases of $9.6 million in cash and cash equivalents and $20.5 million in the Bank's net loan portfolio.

Total cash and cash equivalents decreased $9.6 million, or 19.1%, from $50.3 million at March 31, 2025 to $40.7 million at September 30, 2025. The decrease in cash was primarily due to a $36.2 million decrease in total deposits, partially offset by net loan activity of $20.3 million and a net increase in advances from FHLB-NY of $7.3 million.

Total investment securities decreased $0.6 million, or 1.3%, to $45.7 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $46.3 million at March 31, 2025 due to scheduled principal payments received of approximately $1.4 million, partially offset by a $0.9 million decrease in unrealized losses in the available-for-sale portfolio.

Gross portfolio loans decreased $20.8 million, or 3.4%, to $592.9 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $613.7 million at March 31, 2025. The decrease was primarily due to attrition and payoffs of $40.5 million, partially offset by new loan originations of $19.2 million. The level of payoffs and paydowns can be attributed to commercial real estate activity, as some borrowers capitalized on increased property values by selling collateral assets to payoff loans.

Liabilities and Equity

Total liabilities decreased $29.4 million, or 4.2%, to $671.0 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $700.4 million at March 31, 2025, primarily due to a decrease of $36.2 million in total deposits, partially offset by an increase of $7.3 million in advances from the FHLB-NY and other borrowed money.

Deposits decreased $36.2 million, or 5.5%, to $625.6 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $661.8 million at March 31, 2025. The decrease was primarily related to a $39.8 million decrease in certificates of deposit, partially offset by a $4.2 million increase in money market accounts. Brokered CDs decreased $38.0 million in the current period as maturing deposits were renewed at lesser amounts.

Advances from the FHLB-NY and other borrowed money increased $7.3 million, or 36.1%, to $27.5 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $20.2 million at March 31, 2025. During the first quarter of the current fiscal year, the Bank repaid a $1.8 million 12-month fixed-rate advance that had been secured through the second round of the FHLB-NY 0% Development Advance (ZDA) Program. The ZDA Program provides FHLB-NY members with subsidized funding in the form of interest rate credits to assist in originating or purchasing loans that meet an eligibility criteria. The Bank secured two new 12-month fixed-rate ZDA advances totaling $4.1 million during the current fiscal year. In addition, the Bank secured a $5.0 million overnight advance from the FHLB-NY on September 30, 2025 for liquidity purposes.

Total equity decreased $2.7 million, or 9.1%, to $26.9 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $29.6 million at March 31, 2025. The decrease was due to a net loss of $3.6 million, partially offset by a decrease of $0.9 million in unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale for the six month period ended September 30, 2025.

Asset/Liability Management

The Company's primary earnings source is net interest income, which is affected by changes in the level of interest rates, the relationship between the rates on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the impact of interest rate fluctuations on asset prepayments, the level and composition of deposits and assets, and the credit quality of earning assets. Management's asset/liability objectives are to maintain a strong, stable net interest margin, to utilize the Company's capital effectively without taking undue risks, to maintain adequate liquidity and to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates.

The economic environment is uncertain regarding long-term interest rate trends. Management monitors the Company's cumulative gap position, which is the difference between the sensitivity to rate changes on the Company's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. In addition, the Company uses various tools to monitor and manage interest rate risk, such as a model that projects net interest income based on increasing or decreasing interest rates.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and in connection with its overall investment strategy. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate and liquidity risk. In accordance with GAAP, these instruments are not recorded in the consolidated financial statements. Such instruments primarily include lending obligations, including commitments to originate mortgage and consumer loans and to fund unused lines of credit. At September 30, 2025, the Company had $4.2 million in outstanding commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the consolidated statements of condition when they are funded. The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless such commitments are unconditionally cancellable, through the provision for credit losses expense. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2025 was $14 thousand and is included in Other Liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial condition.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

Overview

The Company reported a net loss of $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to a net loss of $2.1 million for the comparable prior year quarter. For the six months ended September 30, 2025, the Company reported a net loss of $3.6 million, compared to a net loss of $4.3 million for the prior year period. The change in our results was primarily due to a decrease in net interest income and increase in non-interest expense, partially offset by an increase in non-interest income and recoveries of credit losses compared to the prior year periods.

The following table reflects selected operating ratios for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited):


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended September 30,
Selected Financial Data:	2025			2024			2025			2024
Return on average assets (1)	(1.38)	%		(1.13)	%		(1.02)	%		(1.15)	%
Return on average stockholders' equity (2)	(34.32)	%		(20.70)	%		(24.83)	%		(21.10)	%
Return on average stockholders' equity, excluding AOCI (2) (8)	(24.25)	%		(15.97)	%		(17.60)	%		(16.08)	%
Net interest margin (3)	2.97	%		3.27	%		3.09	%		3.14	%
Interest rate spread (4)	2.54	%		2.75	%		2.65	%		2.63	%
Efficiency ratio (5)	138.33	%		125.11	%		127.46	%		128.18	%
Operating expenses to average assets (6)	5.02	%		4.39	%		4.78	%		4.38	%
Average stockholders' equity to average assets (7)	4.03	%		5.45	%		4.10	%		5.47	%
Average stockholders' equity, excluding AOCI, to average assets (7) (8)	5.70	%		7.06	%		5.78	%		7.18	%
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities	1.22		x	1.25		x	1.22		x	1.25		x

(1) Net income (loss), annualized, divided by average total assets.
(2) Net income (loss), annualized, divided by average total stockholders' equity.
(3) Net interest income, annualized, divided by average interest-earning assets.
(4) Combined weighted average interest rate earned less combined weighted average interest rate cost.
(5) Operating expense divided by sum of net interest income and non-interest income.
(6) Non-interest expense, annualized, divided by average total assets.
(7) Total average stockholders' equity divided by total average assets for the period.
(8) See Non-GAAP Financial Measures disclosure for comparable GAAP measures.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to evaluating the Company's results of operations in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), management routinely supplements their evaluation with an analysis of certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as the return on average stockholders' equity excluding average accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"), and average stockholders' equity excluding AOCI to average assets. Management believes these non-GAAP

financial measures provide information that is useful to investors in understanding the Company's underlying operating performance and trends, and facilitates comparisons with the performance of other banks and thrifts.

Return on average stockholders' equity, excluding AOCI measures how efficiently we generate profits from the resources provided by our net assets. Return on average stockholders' equity, excluding AOCI is calculated by dividing annualized net income (loss) attributable to Carver by average stockholders' equity, excluding AOCI. Management believes that this performance measure and average stockholders' equity, excluding AOCI to average assets explains the results of the Company's ongoing businesses in a manner that allows for a better understanding of the underlying trends in the Company's current businesses. For purposes of the Company's presentation, AOCI includes the changes in the market or fair value of its investment portfolio. These fluctuations have been excluded due to the unpredictable nature of this item and is not necessarily indicative of current operating or future performance.


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended September 30,
$ in thousands	2025			2024			2025			2024
Average Stockholders' Equity	$	28,331		$	40,824		$	29,059		$	41,000
Average AOCI	(11,775)			(12,104)			(11,931)			(12,795)
Average Stockholders' Equity, excluding AOCI	$	40,106		$	52,928		$	40,990		$	53,795

Return on Average Stockholders' Equity	(34.32)		%	(20.70)		%	(24.83)		%	(21.10)		%
Return on Average Stockholders' Equity, excluding AOCI	(24.25)		%	(15.97)		%	(17.60)		%	(16.08)		%

Average Stockholders' Equity to Average Assets	4.03		%	5.45		%	4.10		%	5.47		%
Average Stockholders' Equity, excluding AOCI, to Average Assets	5.70		%	7.06		%	5.78		%	7.18		%

Analysis of Net Interest Income

The Company’s profitability is primarily dependent upon net interest income and is also affected by the provision for credit losses, non-interest income, non-interest expense and income taxes. Net interest income represents the difference between income on interest-earning assets and expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income depends primarily upon the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the corresponding interest rates earned and paid. The Company’s net interest income is significantly impacted by changes in interest rate and market yield curves. Net interest income decreased $0.9 million, or 15.0%, to $5.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $6.0 million for the same quarter last year. Net interest income decreased $0.7 million, or 6.1%, to $10.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $11.5 million for the prior year period.

The following table sets forth certain information relating to the Company’s average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities, and their related average yields and costs for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. Average yields are derived by dividing annualized income or expense by the average balances of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. Average balances are derived from daily or month-end balances as available and applicable. Management does not believe that the use of average monthly balances instead of average daily balances represents a material difference in information presented. The average balance of loans includes loans on which the Company has discontinued accruing interest. The yield includes fees, which are considered adjustment to yield.


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,
	2025						2024
$ in thousands	Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost		Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost
Interest-Earning Assets:
Loans(1)	$	596,989	$	7,765	5.20	%	$	622,979	$	8,711	5.59	%
Mortgage-backed securities	24,286		127		2.09	%	26,542		133		2.00	%
Investment securities(2)	29,182		216		2.96	%	32,656		288		3.53	%
Restricted cash deposit	—		—		—	%	304		—		—	%

Money market investments	41,616		459		4.38	%	50,705		694		5.43	%
Total interest-earning assets	692,073		8,567		4.95	%	733,186		9,826		5.35	%
Non-interest-earning assets	11,496						16,277
Total assets	$	703,569					$	749,463

Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Deposits
Interest-bearing checking	$	43,285	$	14	0.13	%	$	44,446	$	(186)	(1.66)	%
Savings and clubs	112,065		233		0.82	%	110,154		160		0.58	%
Money market	162,676		889		2.17	%	155,058		973		2.49	%
Certificates of deposit	222,677		1,995		3.55	%	225,541		2,279		4.01	%
Mortgagors deposits	1,720		16		3.69	%	1,641		7		1.69	%
Total deposits	542,423		3,147		2.30	%	536,840		3,233		2.39	%
Borrowed money	22,805		288		5.01	%	48,191		598		4.92	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	565,228		3,435		2.41	%	585,031		3,831		2.60	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Demand deposits	92,317						104,350
Other liabilities	17,693						19,258
Total liabilities	675,238						708,639
Stockholders' equity	28,331						40,824
Total liabilities and equity	$	703,569					$	749,463
Net interest income			$	5,132					$	5,995

Average interest rate spread					2.54	%					2.75	%

Net interest margin					2.97	%					3.27	%

(1) Includes nonaccrual loans
(2) Includes FHLB-NY stock


	For the Six Months Ended September 30,
	2025						2024
$ in thousands	Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost		Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost
Interest-Earning Assets:
Loans(1)	$	603,390	$	16,191	5.37	%	$	622,920	$	16,778	5.39	%
Mortgage-backed securities	24,489		256		2.09	%	26,319		273		2.07	%
Investment securities(2)	28,903		447		3.09	%	32,239		580		3.60	%
Restricted cash deposit	—		—		—	%	153		—		—	%

Money market investments	40,110		877		4.36	%	50,808		1,402		5.50	%
Total interest-earning assets	696,892		17,771		5.10	%	732,439		19,033		5.20	%
Non-interest-earning assets	12,541						16,760
Total assets	$	709,433					$	749,199

Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Deposits
Interest-bearing checking	$	42,990	$	28	0.13	%	$	44,930	$	22	0.10	%
Savings and clubs	112,181		442		0.79	%	111,492		307		0.55	%
Money market	160,540		1,702		2.11	%	156,266		1,556		1.99	%
Certificates of deposit	230,889		4,235		3.66	%	222,105		4,450		4.00	%
Mortgagors deposits	2,825		26		1.84	%	2,355		9		0.76	%
Total deposits	549,425		6,433		2.34	%	537,148		6,344		2.36	%
Borrowed money	21,208		565		5.31	%	47,702		1,190		4.98	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	570,633		6,998		2.45	%	584,850		7,534		2.57	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Demand deposits	91,924						103,639
Other liabilities	17,817						19,710
Total liabilities	680,374						708,199
Stockholders' equity	29,059						41,000
Total liabilities and equity	$	709,433					$	749,199
Net interest income			$	10,773					$	11,499

Average interest rate spread					2.65	%					2.63	%

Net interest margin					3.09	%					3.14	%

(1) Includes nonaccrual loans
(2) Includes FHLB-NY stock

Interest Income

Interest income decreased $1.2 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025, compared to the prior year periods. Interest income on loans decreased $0.9 million and $0.6 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, due to a $26.0 million, or 4.2%, and $19.5 million, or 3.1% decrease in average loan balances, coupled with a decrease in the average yield on the portfolio of 39 and 2 basis points for the two comparative periods, respectively. Interest income on investment securities was lower due to decreases in average balances and yields compared to the prior year periods. Interest income on money market investments decreased $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, due to a decrease in average interest rates combined with a $9.0 million decrease in the average balance on deposit in the Bank's interest-bearing account at the Federal Reserve Bank.

Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased $0.4 million, or 10.5% to $3.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $3.8 million for the prior year quarter. For the six months ended September 30, 2025, interest expense decreased $0.5 million, or 6.7% to $7.0 million, compared to $7.5 million for the prior year period. Interest expense on deposits increased $0.1 million, or 1.6%, to $6.4 million for the six months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $6.3 million for the prior year period. While the average rates on certificates of deposit decreased, the average rates on savings and money market accounts

for the three month period were higher compared to the prior year, as the Bank offered promotional rates in an attempt to attract and retain deposits. Interest expense on advances and other borrowed money decreased $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, primarily due to decreases of $25.4 million and $26.5 million in the average balances of outstanding FHLB-NY advances compared to the prior year periods, respectively.

Provision for Credit Losses and Asset Quality

The Bank maintains an ACL that management believes is adequate to absorb inherent and expected credit losses in its loan portfolio. The adequacy of the ACL is determined by management’s continuous review of the Bank’s loan portfolio, including the identification and review of individual problem situations that may affect a borrower’s ability to repay. The ACL reflects management’s estimate of lifetime credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Any change in the size of the loan portfolio or any of its components could necessitate an increase in the ACL even though there may not be a decline in credit quality or an increase in potential problem loans. Loans made under the PPP are fully guaranteed by the SBA; therefore, these loans do not have an associated allowance.

The following table summarizes the activity in the ACL for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 and the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025:


$ in thousands	Six Months Ended September 30, 2025			Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2025			Six Months Ended September 30, 2024
Beginning Balance	$	6,337		$	5,871		$	5,871

Less: Charge-offs




Business	(39)			(289)			(228)
Consumer	(189)			(581)			(127)

Total charge-offs	(228)			(870)			(355)
Add: Recoveries




Business	8			10			4
Consumer	53			135			1

Total recoveries	61			145			5
Net charge-offs	(167)			(725)			(350)
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses
One-to-four family	(315)			(206)			8
Multifamily	480			100			39
Commercial real estate	(528)			243			25
Construction	(2)			2			3
Business	122			510			348
Consumer	169			589			283
Unallocated	33			(47)			15
Provision for credit losses	(41)			1,191			721
Ending Balance	$	6,129		$	6,337		$	6,242

Ratios:
Net (charge-offs) recoveries to average loans outstanding (annualized)




Business	(0.04)		%	(0.17)		%	(0.26)		%
Consumer	(1.02)		%	(2.64)		%	(1.58)		%
Total loans	(0.06)		%	(0.12)		%	(0.11)		%

Allowance to total loans	1.03		%	1.03		%	1.01		%
Allowance to nonaccrual loans	22.97		%	25.77		%	36.45		%

The Company recorded a $15 thousand recovery of credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to a $461 thousand provision for credit losses for the prior year quarter. Net charge-offs of $177 thousand were recognized during the second quarter, compared to net charge-offs of $174 thousand for the prior year quarter. For the six months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded a $41 thousand recovery of credit losses, compared to a $721 thousand provision for credit losses for the prior year period. Net charge-offs of $167 thousand were recognized during the six months ended September 30, 2025, compared to net charge-offs of $350 thousand in the prior year period.

At September 30, 2025, nonaccrual loans totaled $26.7 million, or 3.82% of total assets, compared to $24.6 million, or 3.37% of total assets at March 31, 2025. The ACL was $6.1 million at September 30, 2025, which represents a ratio of the ACL to nonaccrual loans of 22.97% compared to a ratio of 25.77% at March 31, 2025. The ratio of the ACL to total loans was 1.03% at September 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025.

Non-performing Assets

Non-performing assets consist of nonaccrual loans, loans held-for-sale and property acquired in settlement of loans or other real estate owned (OREO), including foreclosure. When a borrower fails to make a payment on a loan, the Bank and/or its loan servicers take prompt steps to have the delinquency cured and the loan restored to current status. This includes a series of actions such as phone calls, letters, customer visits and, if necessary, legal action. In the event the loan has a guarantee, the Bank may seek to recover on the guarantee, including, where applicable, from the SBA. Loans that remain delinquent are reviewed for reserve provisions and charge-off. The Bank’s collection efforts continue after the loan is charged off, except when a determination is made that collection efforts have been exhausted or are not productive.

In certain circumstances, the Bank may agree to modify the contractual terms of a borrower’s loan, including extension of maturity date, reduction in the stated interest rate, rescheduling of future cash flows, reduction in the face amount of the debt or reduction of past accrued interest. In cases where such modifications are to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the loan is placed on nonaccrual status until the Bank determines that future collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured, which generally requires that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms for a period of at least six months. At September 30, 2025, modified loans to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty totaled $1.4 million, of which $0.9 million were classified as performing.

At September 30, 2025, non-performing assets totaled $26.7 million, or 3.83% of total assets compared to $24.6 million, or 3.38% of total assets at March 31, 2025. The following table sets forth information with respect to the Bank’s non-performing assets at the dates indicated:


	Non Performing Assets

$ in thousands	September 30, 2025			June 30, 2025			March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024
Loans accounted for on a nonaccrual basis (1):
Gross loans receivable:
One-to-four family	$	3,222		$	2,507		$	1,519		$	1,874		$	2,244
Multifamily	4,522			2,871			3,937			2,249			1,708
Commercial real estate	6,956			6,963			6,747			6,104			4,522

Business	11,789			12,014			12,359			12,486			8,512
Consumer	191			103			33			98			139
Total nonaccrual loans	26,680			24,458			24,595			22,811			17,125
Other non-performing assets (2):
Real estate owned	52			52			52			52			52


Total non-performing assets (3)	$	26,732		$	24,510		$	24,647		$	22,863		$	17,177



Nonaccrual loans to total loans	4.50		%	4.04		%	4.01		%	3.73		%	2.77		%
Non-performing loans to total loans	4.50		%	4.04		%	4.01		%	3.73		%	2.77		%
Non-performing assets to total assets	3.83		%	3.43		%	3.38		%	3.14		%	2.30		%
Allowance to total loans	1.03		%	1.04		%	1.03		%	0.99		%	1.01		%
Allowance to nonaccrual loans	22.97		%	25.84		%	25.77		%	26.55		%	36.45		%

(1) Nonaccrual status denotes any loan where the delinquency exceeds 90 days past due, or in the opinion of management, the collection of contractual interest and/or principal is doubtful. Payments received on a nonaccrual loan are either applied to the outstanding principal balance or recorded as interest income, depending on assessment of the ability to collect on the loan.
(2) Other non-performing assets generally represent loans that the Bank is in the process of selling and has designated held-for-sale or property acquired by the Bank in settlement of loans less costs to sell (i.e., through foreclosure, repossession or as an in-substance foreclosure). These assets are recorded at the lower of their cost or fair value.
(3) Modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that are performing in accordance with their modified terms for less than six months and those not performing in accordance with their modified terms are considered nonaccrual and are included in the nonaccrual category in the table above. At September 30, 2025, there were $0.9 million of these modified loans that have performed in accordance with their modified terms for a period of at least six months. These loans are generally considered performing loans and are not presented in the table above.

Subprime Loans

In the past, the Bank originated or purchased a limited amount of subprime loans (which are defined by the Bank as those loans where the borrowers have FICO scores of 660 or less at origination). At September 30, 2025, the Bank had $2.6 million in subprime loans, or 0.4% of its total loan portfolio, of which $0.7 million are non-performing loans.

Non-Interest Income

Non-interest income increased $0.6 million, or 100.0%, to $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $0.6 million for the prior year quarter. For the six months ended September 30, 2025, non-interest income increased $1.2 million, or 92.3%, to $2.5 million, compared to $1.3 million for the prior year period. The increase for both periods was due to higher depository and loan fees and revenue from the Bank's participation in JPMorgan Chase's Empowering Change program compared to the prior year periods.

Non-Interest Expense

Non-interest expense increased $0.6 million, or 7.3%, to $8.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $8.2 million for the prior year quarter. For the six months ended September 30, 2025, non-interest expense increased $0.5 million, or 3.0%, to $16.9 million, compared to $16.4 million for the prior year period. Consulting fees related to services provided for strategic planning and FDIC premiums were higher compared to the prior year period, partially offset by reduced data processing and net occupancy costs related to building expenses.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Not applicable, as the Company is a smaller reporting company.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. As of September 30, 2025, the Company’s management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer), has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as amended. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must necessarily reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

Based on the foregoing evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2025.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company and the Bank or one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries are parties to various legal proceedings incident to their business. At September 30, 2025, certain claims, suits, complaints and investigations (collectively “proceedings”) involving the Company and the Bank or a subsidiary, arising in the ordinary course of business, have been filed or are pending. The Company is unable at this time to determine the ultimate outcome of each proceeding, but believes, after discussions with legal counsel representing the Company and the Bank or the subsidiary in these proceedings, that it has meritorious defenses to each proceeding and appropriate measures have been taken to defend the interests of the Company, Bank or subsidiary. As of September 30, 2025, we are not involved in any pending legal proceedings as a plaintiff or a defendant other than routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business, and are not involved in any legal proceeding, the outcome of which management believes would be material to the financial condition or results of operations of the Company or the Bank.

Item 1A.Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in risk factors applicable to the Company from those disclosed in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2025.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no directors or executive officers of the Company adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as that term is used in SEC regulations.

Item 6.Exhibits

The following exhibits are submitted with this report:


3.1			Certificate of Incorporation of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (1)
3.2			Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (2)
3.3			Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (3)
4.1			Stock Certificate of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (1)
4.2			Certificate of Designation for Mandatorily Convertible Non-Voting Participating Preferred Stock Series C and Convertible Non-Cumulative Non-Voting Participating Preferred Stock, Series D of Carver Bancorp, Inc. (4)
4.3			Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Carver Bancorp, Inc.(5)
4.4			Certificate of Designations of Non-Cumulative Non-Voting Participating Preferred Stock, Series E, par value $0.01 per share (6)
4.5			Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Designations of Non-Cumulative Non-Voting Participating Preferred Stock, Series E, par value $0.01 per share (7)
4.6			Amended and Restated Certificate of Designations of Non-Cumulative Non-Voting Participating Preferred Stock, Series F, par value $0.01 per share (8)
10.1			Formal Agreement by and between Carver Federal Savings Bank and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (9)
31.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
31.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
32.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer furnished pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. 1350
32.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer furnished pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. 1350
101			The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, formatted in XBRL (Extensive Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2025 (unaudited) and March 31, 2025; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited); (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited); (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited); (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited); and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
104			The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, formatted in Inline XBRL.

(1)			Incorporated herein by reference from the Exhibits to the Form S-4, Registration Statement and amendments thereto, initially filed on June 7, 1996, Registration No. 333-5559.
(2)			Incorporated herein by reference from the Exhibits to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 1, 2011.
(3)			Incorporated herein by reference from the Exhibits to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006.
(4)			Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 6, 2011.
(5)			Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 1, 2011.
(6)			Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 1, 2021.
(7)			Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant's Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 1, 2021.
(8)			Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2021.
(9)			Incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant's Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 16, 2025

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		CARVER BANCORP, INC.
Date:	November 13, 2025	/s/ Donald Felix
		Donald Felix
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)


Date:	November 13, 2025	/s/ Christina L. Maier
		Christina L. Maier
		First Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

Carver Bancorp - 10-Q quarterly report FY2026 Q2

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