IDEXX Laboratories
IDXX
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IDEXX Laboratories - 10-Q quarterly report FY


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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
   
þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007
OR
   
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     .
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-19271
IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
   
DELAWARE 01-0393723
(State of incorporation) (IRS Employer Identification No.)
   
ONE IDEXX DRIVE, WESTBROOK, MAINE 04092
(Address of principal executive offices) (ZIP Code)
207-556-0300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):
     
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.10 par value, was 30,613,513 on October 22, 2007.
 
 

 

 


 

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
         
    
 
    
PART I    Page
    
 
    
  Item 1.     
    
 
    
      3 
    
 
    
      4 
    
 
    
      5 
    
 
    
      6 
    
 
    
  Item 2.   18 
    
 
    
  Item 3.   40 
    
 
    
  Item 4.   40 
    
 
    
PART II       
    
 
    
  Item 1.   41 
    
 
    
  Item 1A.   41 
    
 
    
  Item 2.   45 
    
 
    
  Item 6.   46 
    
 
    
SIGNATURES    47 
    
 
    
 Exhibit 31.1
 Exhibit 31.2
 Exhibit 32.1
 Exhibit 32.2

 

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
         
  September 30,  December 31, 
  2007  2006 
ASSETS
        
Current Assets:
        
Cash and cash equivalents
 $58,507  $61,666 
Short-term investments
     35,000 
Accounts receivable, less reserves of $1,625 in 2007 and $1,783 in 2006
  103,407   81,389 
Inventories
  96,273   95,996 
Deferred income taxes
  24,303   16,884 
Other current assets
  11,259   11,328 
 
      
Total current assets
  293,749   302,263 
 
      
Property and Equipment, at cost:
        
Land and improvements
  7,734   6,062 
Buildings and improvements
  52,375   50,105 
Leasehold improvements
  15,788   11,454 
Machinery and equipment
  83,944   72,146 
Office furniture and equipment
  57,208   43,632 
Construction in progress
  16,170   8,139 
 
      
 
  233,219   191,538 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
  106,354   91,910 
 
      
Property and equipment, net
  126,865   99,628 
 
      
Other Long-term Assets:
        
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net
  235,881   148,179 
Other noncurrent assets, net
  17,738   9,490 
 
      
 
  253,619   157,669 
 
      
TOTAL ASSETS
 $674,233  $559,560 
 
      
 
        
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
        
Current Liabilities:
        
Accounts payable
 $21,786  $24,374 
Accrued expenses
  37,360   25,590 
Accrued employee compensation and related expenses
  36,739   33,368 
Accrued taxes
  8,949   18,465 
Accrued customer programs
  16,302   13,292 
Short-term debt
  77,280    
Current portion of long-term debt
  710   678 
Deferred revenue
  10,044   8,976 
 
      
Total current liabilities
  209,170   124,743 
 
      
Long-term Liabilities:
        
Deferred tax liabilities
  14,656   7,154 
Long-term debt, net of current portion
  5,911   6,447 
Deferred revenue
  6,993   6,834 
Other long-term liabilities
  17,363   4,521 
 
      
Total long-term liabilities
  44,923   24,956 
 
      
 
        
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 11)
        
 
        
Stockholders’ Equity:
        
Common stock, $0.10 par value: Authorized: 120,000 shares; Issued: 47,163 and 46,621 shares in 2007 and 2006, respectively
  4,716   4,662 
Additional paid-in capital
  512,266   479,993 
Deferred stock units: Issued 41 and 31 units in 2007 and 2006, respectively
  2,147   1,852 
Retained earnings
  560,334   490,614 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
  18,186   10,566 
Treasury stock, at cost: (16,591 and 15,456 shares in 2007 and 2006, respectively)
  (677,509)  (577,826)
 
      
Total stockholders’ equity
  420,140   409,861 
 
      
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 $674,233  $559,560 
 
      
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Revenue:
                
Product revenue
 $155,552  $132,851  $460,902  $388,260 
Service revenue
  73,833   54,529   216,684   158,648 
 
            
 
  229,385   187,380   677,586   546,908 
Cost of Revenue:
                
Cost of product revenue
  60,121   52,029   190,730   158,166 
Cost of service revenue
  50,786   37,152   145,578   105,482 
 
            
 
  110,907   89,181   336,308   263,648 
 
            
Gross profit
  118,478   98,199   341,278   283,260 
 
            
 
                
Expenses:
                
Sales and marketing
  37,757   29,051   110,086   84,668 
General and administrative
  27,343   20,990   81,182   60,463 
Research and development
  17,281   13,696   50,569   39,666 
 
            
Income from operations
  36,097   34,462   99,441   98,463 
Interest expense
  (1,202)  (159)  (3,290)  (348)
Interest income
  687   768   1,969   2,320 
 
            
Income before provision for income taxes and partner’s interest
  35,582   35,071   98,120   100,435 
Provision for income taxes
  9,787   10,118   29,634   31,581 
Partner’s interest in loss of subsidiary
           (152)
 
            
Net income
 $25,795  $24,953  $68,486  $69,006 
 
            
 
                
Earnings per Share:
                
Basic
 $0.84  $0.80  $2.22  $2.19 
 
            
Diluted
 $0.81  $0.76  $2.12  $2.09 
 
            
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:
                
Basic
  30,547   31,210   30,843   31,491 
 
            
Diluted
  31,991   32,731   32,262   33,022 
 
            
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
         
  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30, 
  2007  2006 
 
        
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
        
Net income
 $68,486  $69,006 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities:
        
Depreciation and amortization
  29,538   21,737 
Noncash loss on investments
  35    
Navigator® inventory write-down and royalty license impairment
  10,138    
Partner’s interest in loss of subsidiary
     (152)
Provision for uncollectible accounts
  376   588 
Benefit of deferred income taxes
  (8,210)  (4,085)
Share-based compensation expense
  6,574   8,143 
Tax benefit from exercises of stock options
  (7,544)  (8,747)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
        
Accounts receivable
  (14,278)  (6,493)
Inventories
  (2,722)  (23,128)
Other assets
  (1,377)  (61)
Accounts payable
  (4,748)  3,258 
Accrued liabilities
  18,152   11,669 
Deferred revenue
  773   (323)
 
      
Net cash provided by operating activities
  95,193   71,412 
 
      
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
        
Purchases of short- and long-term investments
     (66,386)
Sales and maturities of short- and long-term investments
  35,000   88,400 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  (41,723)  (21,476)
Purchase of land and buildings
     (11,521)
Acquisitions of equipment leased to customers
  (740)  (1,370)
Acquisitions of intangible assets and businesses, net of cash acquired
  (87,738)  (9,367)
 
      
Net cash used by investing activities
  (95,201)  (21,720)
 
      
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
        
Borrowings (payments) on revolving credit facilities, net
  71,031    
Payment of other notes payable
  (2,212)  (712)
Purchase of treasury stock
  (99,684)  (93,832)
Proceeds from exercises of options
  17,655   18,843 
Tax benefit from exercises of stock options
  7,544   8,747 
 
      
Net cash used by financing activities
  (5,666)  (66,954)
Net effect of exchange rates on cash
  2,515   1,061 
 
      
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
  (3,159)  (16,201)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
  61,666   67,151 
 
      
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 $58,507  $50,950 
 
      
 
        
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
        
Interest paid
 $2,710  $400 
Income taxes paid
 $30,846  $28,193 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements of IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. (“IDEXX”, the “Company”, “we” or “our”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the requirements of Regulation S-X, Rule 10-01 for financial statements required to be filed as a part of Form 10-Q.
The accompanying unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of our management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of our financial position and results of operations. The condensed balance sheet data as of December 31, 2006 was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any future period. These unaudited, condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
NOTE 2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We adopted the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) consensus on Issue 06-2, “Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43, Accounting for Compensated Absences” (“EITF 06-2”) and of FASB Interpretation No. (“FIN”) 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”) as of January 1, 2007. EITF 06-2 requires that the costs associated with unrestricted sabbaticals and other similar benefit arrangements be recognized over the service period during which the employee earns the benefit. We provide an additional four weeks of compensated leave to all U.S. salaried employees in their tenth anniversary year of employment and again at each fifth year thereafter. As a result of adopting the provisions of EITF 06-2, we recognized an increase in assets of $1.2 million, an increase in liabilities of $3.0 million, and a decrease in retained earnings of $1.8 million as of January 1, 2007. Beginning in 2007, we recognize estimated costs for estimated future compensated leave benefits as they are earned. We do not expect this change in accounting principle to have a material impact on net income in any individual period. See Note 8 for a discussion of our adoption of FIN 48.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands financial statement disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are required as of the beginning of the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007 and shall generally be applied prospectively. We are studying SFAS No. 157 and have not yet determined the expected impact of the implementation of this pronouncement on our financial position and results of operations, if any. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 will not have an effect on our cash flows.
In February 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure eligible items at fair value (the “fair value option”). A business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each subsequent reporting period. The provisions of SFAS No. 159 are required as of the beginning of the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. We are studying SFAS No. 159 and have not yet determined the expected impact of the implementation of this pronouncement.
In April 2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FIN 39-1 (“FSP FIN 39-1”). FSP FIN 39-1 amends FIN 39, “Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Contracts.” FSP FIN 39-1 requires reporting entities to make an accounting policy decision whether or not to offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments and fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim, or the obligation to return, cash collateral arising from derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement. FSP FIN 39-1 also requires related disclosures. If a reporting entity changes its accounting policy upon adoption of FSP FIN 39-1, the effects of applying FSP FIN 39-1 shall be retrospectively applied for all financial statements presented. The provisions of FSP FIN 39-1 are required as of the beginning of the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. We do not expect the adoption of FSP FIN 39-1 to have a material impact on our financial position. The adoption of FSP FIN 39-1 will not have an effect on our results of operations or cash flows.

 

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Reclassifications
Reclassifications have been made to the prior year condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when four criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the sales price is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectibility is reasonably assured. Revenue-generating transactions generally fall into one of the following categories of revenue recognition:
  We recognize revenue at the time of shipment to U.S. distributors for substantially all products sold through distributors as title and risk of loss pass to these customers on delivery to the common carrier. Our distributors do not have the right to return products. We recognize revenue for the remainder of our customers when the product is delivered to the customer except as noted below.
  We recognize revenue from the sales of instruments, noncancelable software licenses and hardware systems upon installation (and completion of training if applicable) and the customer’s acceptance of the instrument or system because at this time we have no significant further obligations.
  We recognize service revenue at the time the service is performed.
  We recognize revenue associated with extended maintenance agreements over the life of the contracts using the straight-line method, which approximates the expected timing in which applicable services are performed. Amounts collected in advance of revenue recognition are recorded as a current or long-term liability based on the time from the balance sheet date to the future date of revenue recognition.
  We recognize revenue on certain instrument systems under rental programs over the life of the rental agreement using the straight-line method. Amounts collected in advance of revenue recognition are recorded as a current or long-term liability based on the time from the balance sheet date to the future date of revenue recognition.
Certain diagnostic instruments and practice information management systems offered for sale may include software that is considered more than incidental to the utility and value of the product. Sales arrangements may provide for software update rights or postcontract customer support. Judgment is required to determine whether sales arrangements include multiple elements.
Shipping costs reimbursed by the customer are included in revenue.
Multiple element arrangements. When multiple products and/or services are sold together, we generally allocate the total consideration received amongst the elements based on their relative fair values, which is determined by amounts charged separately for the delivered and undelivered elements to other customers. When there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered elements but no such evidence for the delivered elements, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the residual revenue is allocated to the delivered elements. The delivered elements are recognized as revenue when appropriate under the policies described above. If there is not sufficient evidence of the fair value of the undelivered elements, no revenue is allocated to the delivered elements and the total consideration received is deferred until delivery of those elements for which objective and reliable evidence of the fair value is not available.

 

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Customer programs. We record estimated reductions to revenue in connection with customer marketing programs and incentive offerings that may give customers credits or award points. Award points may be applied to trade receivables owed to us and/or toward future purchases of our products or services. We establish accruals for estimated revenue reductions attributable to customer programs and incentive offerings for each program. Revenue reductions are recorded quarterly based on issuance of credits, points earned but not yet issued, and estimates of credits and points to be earned in the future based on current revenue. Our two most significant customer programs are Practice Developer® and SNAP up the SavingsTM (“SUTS”), both of which are offered only to North American customers. Our Practice Developer® program is a Companion Animal Group awards program that permits customers to earn points by purchasing quarterly minimums in certain product and service categories. Points may then be applied against the purchase price for IDEXX products and services purchased in the future or applied to trade receivables due to us. SUTS is our volume incentive program for selected SNAP® tests that provides customers with benefits in the form of (1) discounts off invoice at the time of purchase and (2) points under the Practice Developer® program awarded quarterly throughout the SUTS program year (which ends on August 31) based on total purchase volume of qualified products during the year. For the Practice Developer program, we reduce revenue assuming all points granted will result in future credits because the historical forfeitures have been de minimis. The accrued revenue reduction is calculated each quarter based on sales to end users during the quarter by either us or our distributors and on our estimate of future points to be issued upon sale of applicable product inventories held by distributors at the end of the quarter. On November 30 of each year, unused points granted before January 1 of the prior year expire and are accounted for as a favorable change in estimate.
Doubtful accounts receivable. We recognize revenue only in those situations where collection from the customer is reasonably assured. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We base our estimates on detailed analysis of specific customer situations and a percentage of our accounts receivable by aging category. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances might be required. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when we believe the receivable will not be recovered.
Other Significant Accounting Policies
The significant accounting policies used in preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 are consistent with those discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
NOTE 3. ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES AND OTHER ASSETS
In January 2007, we acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc. The acquired business is based in the United States and develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes point-of-care electrolyte and blood gas analyzers and related consumable products for the human medical and veterinary diagnostics markets. In March 2007, we acquired all of the equity of Vita-Tech Canada Inc. (“Vita-Tech”) and Institut Pourquier SAS (“Pourquier”) in separate transactions. Vita-Tech is the largest provider of reference laboratory testing services to veterinarians in Canada and has operations in Toronto and Montreal, Canada. Pourquier is based in Montpellier, France and develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes production animal diagnostic products. We also acquired certain assets of other veterinary reference laboratories during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 that did not comprise businesses.
We believe that the acquired businesses enhance our existing businesses by either expanding the geographic range of our existing businesses or expanding our existing product lines. We determined the purchase price of each acquired business based on our assessment of estimated future cash flows attributable to the business enterprise taken as a whole, the strength of the business in the marketplace, the strategic importance of the acquisition to IDEXX, and the seller’s desire to be acquired by IDEXX versus perceived alternatives. We recognized goodwill based on the excess of the purchase price for each business over the fair values of the individual tangible and separately identified intangible assets acquired, which were valued in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.”
We paid $86.1 million and assumed liabilities of $18.0 million, including $8.1 million of deferred tax liabilities associated with purchase accounting, to acquire businesses and certain intangible assets that did not comprise businesses during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. In connection with these acquisitions, we recognized goodwill of $44.8 million for acquired businesses and amortizable intangible assets of $38.7 million.

 

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we revised the purchase price allocations related to certain businesses acquired during the year ended December 31, 2006. The revisions to the purchase price allocations resulted in a decrease in goodwill assigned to the Companion Animal Group (“CAG”) segment of $0.7 million and a corresponding increase in property, equipment and other intangible assets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we also paid purchase price payments of $1.6 million related to businesses acquired in prior years.
We have commitments outstanding at September 30, 2007 for additional purchase price payments of up to $3.5 million in connection with acquisitions of businesses and intangible assets during the current and prior periods, of which $0.8 million is contingent on the achievement by certain acquired businesses of specified milestones. We also have agreed to make additional payments of up to $0.8 million to sellers of certain acquired businesses that are conditional upon those sellers providing future services to IDEXX for specified periods of time. These contingent payments will be recognized as compensation and consulting expense over the remaining service periods when management deems payment to be probable.
The results of operations of the acquired businesses have been included since their respective acquisition dates. Pro forma information has not been presented because such information is not material to the financial statements taken as a whole. The purchase price allocations for 2007 and certain 2006 acquisitions are preliminary and subject to finalization of the valuation of certain assets and liabilities.
NOTE 4. INVENTORIES
Inventories include material, labor and overhead, and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market. The components of inventories were as follows (in thousands):
         
  September 30,  December 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
        
Raw materials
 $24,658  $33,199 
Work-in-process
  15,137   13,804 
Finished goods
  56,478   48,993 
 
      
 
 $96,273  $95,996 
 
      
During the three months ended June 30, 2007, we recognized a write-down of pharmaceutical raw materials inventory of $9.1 million and a write-off of a prepaid royalty license of $1.0 million associated with Navigator® Antiprotozoal Oral Paste (“Navigator®paste” or “Navigator®”), our nitazoxanide product for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. These write-downs are included in cost of product revenue in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. We wrote down these assets because the third-party contract manufacturer of finished goods notified us that it will discontinue manufacturing the product in 2009. Additionally, product sales have been lower than projected. We believe that we will not be able to enter into a replacement manufacturing arrangement on economically feasible terms and that we will not be able to obtain the product after termination of the existing manufacturing arrangement because the estimated production volume is low. Accordingly, we evaluated our associated inventory for obsolescence based on our changed estimates of product availability and estimated future demand and market conditions. This inventory comprised $9.1 million of active ingredient and other raw materials, for which we recognized a full write-down during the three months ended June 30, 2007, and $0.1 million of finished goods. At September 30, 2007, this inventory, net of reserves, was comprised of less than $0.1 million of finished goods. Additionally, because of lower sales volume estimates and the reduced product life, we determined that we would not realize our related investment in prepaid royalties and, therefore, fully expensed this asset during the three months ended June 30, 2007.

 

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NOTE 5. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):
         
  September 30,  December 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
        
CAG segment:
        
Instruments and consumables
 $25,692  $117 
Rapid assay products
  1,631   1,952 
Laboratory and consulting services
  86,715   63,485 
Practice information management systems and digital radiography
  1,453   1,453 
Pharmaceutical products
  13,745   13,745 
 
      
CAG Segment total
  129,236   80,752 
Water segment
  17,840   17,282 
Production animal segment
  9,117   6,792 
 
      
 
 $156,193  $104,826 
 
      
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we recognized goodwill of $44.1 million (of which $27.4 million is expected to be tax deductible) related to business acquisitions. We assigned $42.1 million and $2.0 million to the CAG segment and Production Animal Segment (“PAS”), respectively. See Note 3 for additional information. The remaining changes in goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 resulted from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Intangible assets other than goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):
                 
  September 30, 2007  December 31, 2006 
      Accumulated      Accumulated 
  Cost  Amortization  Cost  Amortization 
 
                
Patents
 $10,961  $3,781  $10,491  $2,932 
Other product rights
  27,533   9,513   18,743   7,660 
Customer-related intangible assets
  56,849   6,671   25,955   3,496 
Other, primarily noncompete agreements
  6,329   2,019   3,521   1,269 
 
            
 
 $101,672  $21,984  $58,710  $15,357 
 
            
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, we acquired patents of $0.3 million, other product rights of $9.9 million, customer-related intangible assets of $26.2 million, and other intangible assets of $2.6 million, with weighted amortization periods of 8 years, 13 years, 11 years and 6 years, respectively, in connection with asset purchases and business acquisitions. See Note 3 for additional information. We recognized an impairment charge to write-off a prepaid royalty license associated with Navigator® paste that had a net book value of $1.0 million. See Note 4 for additional information. The remaining changes in the cost of intangible assets other than goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 resulted from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Amortization expense of intangible assets was $2.4 million and $6.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Amortization expense of intangible assets was $1.3 million and $3.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively.

 

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NOTE 6. WARRANTY RESERVES
We provide for the estimated cost of instrument warranties in cost of product revenue at the time revenue is recognized based on the estimated cost to repair the instrument over its warranty period. Cost of revenue reflects not only estimated warranty expense for the systems sold in the current period, but also any changes in estimated warranty expense for the installed base that results from our quarterly evaluation of service experience. Our actual warranty obligation is affected by instrument performance in the customer’s environment and associated costs incurred in servicing instruments. Should actual service rates or costs differ from our estimates, which are based on historical data, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required. Following is a summary of changes in accrued warranty reserve during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively (in thousands):
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Balance, beginning of period
 $1,751  $2,764  $1,978  $3,159 
Provision for warranty expense
  784   264   1,566   1,134 
Liability assumed in connection with business acquisition
        86    
Change in estimate of prior warranty expense
  48   (304)  299   (423)
Settlement of warranty liability
  (852)  (623)  (2,198)  (1,769)
 
            
Balance, end of period
 $1,731  $2,101  $1,731  $2,101 
 
            
NOTE 7. DEBT
The components of debt at September 30, 2007 are consistent with those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, except as described below.
In January 2007, we entered into an unsecured short-term revolving credit facility with a bank in the principal amount of $125.0 million that would have matured on June 30, 2007. On March 30, 2007, we refinanced this short-term facility by entering into an unsecured revolving credit facility with four multinational banks that matures on March 30, 2012 (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility may be used for general corporate purposes, including repurchases of our common stock and business acquisitions. The applicable interest rates generally range from 0.375% to 0.875% above the London interbank rate or the Canadian Dollar-denominated bankers’ acceptance rate, dependent on our leverage ratio. Under the Credit Facility, we pay quarterly commitment fees of 0.08% to 0.20%, dependent on our leverage ratio, on any unused commitment. The Credit Facility contains financial and other affirmative and negative covenants, as well as customary events of default, that would allow any amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility to be accelerated, or restrict our ability to borrow thereunder, in the event of noncompliance. The financial covenant requires our ratio of debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as defined by the agreement, not to exceed 3-to-1. At September 30, 2007, we had $77.2 million outstanding under the Credit Facility.
We assumed $0.6 million of unsecured notes payable in connection with business acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The notes bear interest at rates ranging from 3.1% to 8.0%.
NOTE 8. INCOME TAXES
Our effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 were 27.5% and 30.2%, respectively, compared with 28.9% and 31.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. The decreases in the effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same periods of 2006 were due primarily to federal tax incentives recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 that were not available for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, a reduction in international deferred tax liabilities as the result of anticipated lower international income tax rates, the recognition of certain state tax benefits resulting from the completion of an audit, and tax benefits recognized as a result of international tax savings initiatives. These effective tax rate reductions were partly offset by the release of accrued taxes resulting from the expiration of various statutes of limitations in 2006.

 

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We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for tax years before 2005. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to income tax examinations in any state and local, or foreign jurisdictions in which we conduct significant taxable activities for years before 2002. In the ordinary course of our business, our income tax filings are regularly under audit by tax authorities.
We adopted the provisions of FIN 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” as of January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in financial statements under SFAS No. 109 and prescribes a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement, and financial statement disclosure of uncertain tax positions. Unrecognized tax benefits are the differences between tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, in tax returns, and the benefits recognized for accounting purposes pursuant to FIN 48. As a result of adopting the provisions of FIN 48, we recognized an increase in assets of $4.0 million, an increase in liabilities of $1.1 million, a decrease in additional paid-in capital of $0.2 million, and an increase in retained earnings of $3.1 million as of January 1, 2007. In connection with the adoption of FIN 48, we have classified uncertain tax positions as long-term liabilities.
The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2007 was $9.6 million, of which $5.4 million comprises unrecognized tax positions that would, if recognized, affect our effective tax rate. The ultimate deductibility of the remaining unrecognized tax positions of $4.2 million is highly certain but there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the disallowance of the shorter deductibility period would not affect the annual effective tax rate but would accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority to an earlier period. In the ordinary course of our business, our income tax filings are regularly under audit by tax authorities. While we believe we have appropriately provided for all uncertain tax positions, amounts asserted by taxing authorities could be greater or less than our accrued position. Accordingly, additional provisions on income tax matters, or reductions of previously accrued provisions, could be recorded in the future as we revise our estimates due to changing facts and circumstances or the underlying matters are settled or otherwise resolved. We are currently undergoing tax examinations by various state tax authorities and we anticipate that these examinations will be concluded within the next twelve months. However, the ultimate outcomes of these state tax examinations may differ from the estimated outcomes that we have recognized in accordance with FIN 48 and could cause a significant change in unrecognized tax benefits.
In the next twelve months, we do not anticipate recognizing significant income tax benefits that have not been recognized as of September 30, 2007 in accordance with FIN 48.
We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties of $0.6 million were accrued as of January 1, 2007.
NOTE 9. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The following is a summary of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 (in thousands):
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Net income
 $25,795  $24,953  $68,486  $69,006 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                
Foreign currency translation adjustments
  6,305   1,947   9,344   7,145 
Change in fair value of foreign currency contracts classified as hedges, net of tax
  (1,155)  845   (1,684)  (1,469)
Change in fair market value of investments, net of tax
  (95)  8   (40)  46 
 
            
Comprehensive income
 $30,850  $27,753  $76,106  $74,728 
 
            

 

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NOTE 10. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following is a reconciliation of shares outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands):
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Shares Outstanding for Basic Earnings per Share:
                
Weighted average shares outstanding
  30,506   31,180   30,804   31,461 
Weighted average vested deferred stock units outstanding
  41   30   39   30 
 
            
 
  30,547   31,210   30,843   31,491 
 
            
 
                
Shares Outstanding for Diluted Earnings per Share:
                
Shares outstanding for basic earnings per share
  30,547   31,210   30,843   31,491 
Dilutive effect of options issued to employees and directors
  1,399   1,503   1,383   1,520 
Dilutive effect of restricted stock units issued to employees
  39   11   30   6 
Dilutive effect of nonvested deferred stock units issued to directors
  6   7   6   5 
 
            
 
  31,991   32,731   32,262   33,022 
 
            
Certain deferred stock units outstanding are included in shares outstanding for both basic and diluted earnings per share because the associated shares of our common stock are issuable for no cash consideration, the number of shares of our common stock to be issued is fixed and issuance is not contingent.
Certain options to acquire shares have been excluded from the calculation of shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive. The following table presents information concerning those anti-dilutive options (in thousands, except per share amounts):
                 
  For the Three Months  For the Nine Months 
  Ended September 30,  Ended September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Weighted average number of shares underlying anti-dilutive options
  251   154   283   136 
 
                
Weighted average exercise price per underlying share of anti-dilutive options
 $90.30  $76.67  $87.25  $76.57 
The following table presents additional information concerning the exercise prices of vested and unvested options outstanding at the end of the period (in thousands, except per share amounts):
         
  September 30, 
  2007  2006 
 
        
Closing price per share of our common stock
 $109.59  $91.14 
 
      
 
        
Number of shares underlying options with exercise prices below the closing price
  2,840   3,217 
Number of shares underlying options with exercise prices equal to or above the closing price
      
 
      
Total number of shares underlying outstanding options
  2,840   3,217 
 
      
NOTE 11. COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES
Significant commitments, contingencies and guarantees at September 30, 2007 are consistent with those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, except as described below and in Notes 3 and 7.
Under our employee health care insurance policy, we retain claims liability risk up to $250,000 per incident. We estimate our liability for the uninsured portion of employee health care obligations that have been incurred but not reported based on individual coverage, our claims experience, and the average time from when a claim is incurred to the time it is paid. We recognized employee health care claim expense of $9.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and $10.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2006, which includes actual claims paid and an estimate for our liability for the uninsured portion of employee health care obligations that have been incurred but not paid. Should employee health insurance claims exceed our estimates liability, we would have further obligations.

 

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On June 30, 2006, Cyntegra, Inc. filed suit against us in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California alleging that we had violated U.S. federal antitrust laws and California state unfair trade practices laws. The complaint alleged, among other things, that we were monopolizing the U.S. market for companion animal diagnostic products. On October 26, 2007, the Court granted summary judgment in our favor on all of Cyntegra’s claims and dismissed the suit. In the event that Cyntegra appeals the decision of the Court, we will continue to defend ourselves vigorously, as we believe Cyntegra’s claims are without merit.
In connection with certain contractual obligations that commit us to minimum future payments to purchase inventory, we estimated incremental contractual losses at June 30, 2007 and accordingly recognized expenses of $1.1 million. The changes in estimate resulted primarily from a reduction in forecast product demand due to a change in distribution strategy during the second quarter that favors an alternate IDEXX product, partly offset by a reduction in the applicable purchase volume commitments. Our estimated contractual losses did not change during the three months ended September 30, 2007.
In connection with an October 2005 supply agreement, we guaranteed a supplier’s note (the “Note”) in the principal amount of $3.5 million. The supplier is obligated to pay the Note through quarterly principal and interest payments through 2008 and to pay the remaining balance in 2008. We recorded the fair value of the guaranty of $0.5 million and recognized the associated assets as of the effective date of the agreement. The principal balance of the note that we have guaranteed is $2.0 million at September 30, 2007. At September 30, 2007, we have written off the guaranty liability because our recognized contractual liabilities to the supplier exceed the principal balance of the Note and a legal right of offset exists whereby we may elect to pay to the holder of the Note the amounts otherwise due to the supplier.
NOTE 12. TREASURY STOCK
Our board of directors has approved the repurchase of up to 18,000,000 shares of our common stock in the open market or in negotiated transactions. From the inception of the program in August 1999 to September 30, 2007, we repurchased 16,415,000 shares for $671.0 million. At September 30, 2007, we had 1,585,000 shares remaining under our share repurchase authorization. From the inception of the program in August 1999 to September 30, 2007, we also received 176,000 shares of stock with a market value of $6.5 million that were surrendered by employees in payment for the minimum required withholding taxes due on the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock units and settlement of deferred stock units, and in payment for the exercise price of stock options.
Information about our treasury stock purchases and other receipts is presented in the table below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Shares acquired
  70   116   1,134   1,195 
Total cost of shares acquired
 $7,150  $8,609  $99,683  $93,851 
Average cost per share
 $101.85  $74.51  $87.85  $78.53 

 

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NOTE 13. SEGMENT REPORTING
We disclose information regarding our segments in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information” (“SFAS No. 131”). SFAS No. 131 requires disclosures about operating segments in annual financial statements and requires selected information about operating segments in interim financial statements. It also requires related disclosures about products and services and geographic areas. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our chief operating decision-maker is the Chief Executive Officer.
We are organized into business units by market and customer group. Our reportable segments include: products and services for the veterinary market, which we refer to as our Companion Animal Group (“CAG”), water quality products (“Water”) and products for production animal health, which we refer to as the Production Animal Segment (“PAS”). We also operate two smaller segments that comprise products for dairy quality, which we refer to as Dairy, and products for the human medical diagnostic market, which we refer to as OPTI Medical. Financial information about the Dairy and OPTI Medical operating segments are combined and presented in an “Other” category because they do not meet the quantitative or qualitative thresholds for reportable segments. We added the OPTI Medical operating segment in connection with our acquisition of substantially all of the assets and assumption of certain liabilities of the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc in January 2007. The segment information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 has been restated to conform to our presentation of reportable segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Previously, PAS and Dairy were aggregated into a single reportable segment, which we referred to as the Food Diagnostics Group.
CAG develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes products and performs services for veterinarians. Water develops, designs, manufactures and distributes products to detect contaminants in water. PAS develops, designs, manufactures and distributes products to detect diseases in production animals. Dairy develops, designs, manufactures and distributes products to detect contaminants in dairy products. OPTI Medical develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes point-of-care electrolyte and blood gas analyzers and related consumable products for the human medical diagnostics market.
Items that are not allocated to our operating segments are comprised primarily of corporate research and development expenses, interest income and expense, and income taxes. Share-based compensation expense was also reported in “unallocated amounts” in 2006. Beginning in 2007, we allocate a portion of share-based compensation expense to the operating segments. This allocation differs from the actual expense and consequently yields a difference between the total allocated share-based compensation expense and the actual expense for the total company, which was categorized as “unallocated amounts.” Share-based compensation expense of $1.9 million, $0.1 million, $0.2 million and $0.1 million was included in the income (loss) from operations of the CAG, Water, PAS and Other operating segments, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2007. Share-based compensation expense of $0.1 million was unallocated for the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006. Share-based compensation expense of $5.2 million, $0.3 million, $0.6 million and $0.2 million was included in the income (loss) from operations of the CAG, Water, PAS and Other operating segments, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Share-based compensation expense of $0.3 million was unallocated for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 in Notes 2 and 16, and in Note 2 to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

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The following is the segment information (in thousands):
                         
  For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
                  Unallocated  Consolidated 
  CAG  Water  PAS  Other  Amounts  Total 
2007
                        
Revenues
 $187,481  $17,431  $17,377  $7,096  $  $229,385 
 
                  
 
                        
Income (loss) from operations
 $28,529  $7,212  $2,561  $27  $(2,232) $36,097 
 
                   
Interest expense, net
                      (515)
 
                       
Income before provisions for income taxes
                      35,582 
Provision for income taxes
                      9,787 
 
                       
Net income
                     $25,795 
 
                       
 
                        
2006
                        
Revenues
 $153,058  $16,579  $13,907  $3,836  $  $187,380 
 
                  
 
                        
Income (loss) from operations
 $26,436  $7,843  $3,908  $245  $(3,970) $34,462 
 
                   
Interest income, net
                      609 
 
                       
Income before provisions for income taxes
                      35,071 
Provision for income taxes
                      10,118 
 
                       
Net income
                     $24,953 
 
                       
                         
  For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
                  Unallocated  Consolidated 
  CAG  Water  PAS  Other  Amounts  Total 
2007
                        
Revenues
 $554,939  $48,941  $52,871  $20,835  $  $677,586 
 
                  
 
                        
Income (loss) from operations
 $75,293  $20,010  $10,286  $(487) $(5,661) $99,441 
 
                   
Interest expense, net
                      (1,321)
 
                       
Income before provisions for income taxes
                      98,120 
Provision for income taxes
                      29,634 
 
                       
Net income
                     $68,486 
 
                       
 
                        
2006
                        
Revenues
 $449,324  $43,732  $42,310  $11,542  $  $546,908 
 
                  
 
                        
Income (loss) from operations
 $78,541  $19,482  $11,279  $1,286  $(12,125) $98,463 
 
                   
Interest income, net
                      1,972 
 
                       
Income before provisions for income taxes and partner’s interest
                      100,435 
Provision for income taxes
                      31,581 
Partner’s interest in loss of subsidiary
                      (152)
 
                       
Net income
                     $69,006 
 
                       

 

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Revenue by product and service category was as follows (in thousands):
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
CAG segment revenue:
                
Instruments and consumables
 $71,443  $60,295  $209,889  $177,326 
Rapid assay products
  33,639   30,181   101,464   88,812 
Laboratory and consulting services
  64,914   47,893   191,350   139,287 
Practice information systems and digital radiography
  12,197   10,287   36,419   30,764 
Pharmaceutical products
  5,288   4,402   15,817   13,135 
 
            
CAG segment revenue
  187,481   153,058   554,939   449,324 
 
            
 
                
Water segment revenue
  17,431   16,579   48,941   43,732 
Production animal segment revenue
  17,377   13,907   52,871   42,310 
Other revenue
  7,096   3,836   20,835   11,542 
 
                
 
            
Total revenue
 $229,385  $187,380  $677,586  $546,908 
 
            
NOTE 14. STOCK SPLIT
On October 25, 2007, our board of directors approved a two-for-one split of the outstanding shares of our common stock, to be effected in the form of a 100% stock dividend. Each holder of common stock of record as of November 5, 2007 will be entitled to one additional share of common stock. The additional shares of common stock will be distributed on or about November 26, 2007. As a result of the stock split, the number of outstanding common shares will double to approximately 61 million based on the number of shares outstanding at October 22, 2007. The stock split will require, in future reports, retroactive restatement of all historical shares and per share data.
Pro forma earnings per share for income from continuing operations on a post-split basis for the three years ended December 31, 2006 would be as follows:
             
  2006  2005  2004 
 
            
Basic:
            
As reported
 $2.98  $2.41  $2.29 
Pro forma
 $1.49  $1.20  $1.14 
Diluted:
            
As reported
 $2.84  $2.30  $2.19 
Pro forma
 $1.42  $1.15  $1.09 
Quarterly unaudited pro forma earnings per share for income from continuing operation amounts on a post-split basis would be as follows:
                 
  For the Three Months Ended  For the Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2007  2006  2007  2006 
 
                
Basic
                
As reported
 $0.84  $0.80  $2.22  $2.19 
Pro forma
 $0.42  $0.40  $1.11  $1.10 
Diluted
                
As reported
 $0.81  $0.76  $2.12  $2.09 
Pro forma
 $0.40  $0.38  $1.06  $1.04 

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q includes or incorporates forward-looking statements about our business and expectations within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements relating to future revenue growth rates, demand for our products, realizability of assets, warranty expense, share-based compensation expense, and competition. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Words such as “expects,” “may,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “would,” “will,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “should,” and similar words and expressions are intended to help you identify forward-looking statements. These statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events; are based on current estimates, projections, beliefs, and assumptions; and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual events or results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties as more fully described under the heading “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The risks and uncertainties discussed herein do not reflect the potential future impact of any mergers, acquisitions or dispositions. In addition, any forward-looking statements represent our estimates only as of the day this Quarterly Report was first filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and should not be relied upon as representing our estimates as of any subsequent date. While we may elect to update forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so, even if our estimates or expectations change.
§ Business Overview
We operate primarily through three business segments: products and services for the veterinary market, which we refer to as our Companion Animal Group (“CAG”), water quality products (“Water”) and products for production animal health, which we refer to as the Production Animal Segment (“PAS”). We also operate two smaller segments that comprise products for dairy quality, which we refer to as Dairy, and products for the human medical diagnostic market, which we refer to as OPTI Medical. Financial information about the Dairy and OPTI Medical operating segments are combined and presented in an “Other” category because they do not meet the quantitative or qualitative thresholds for reportable segments. We added the OPTI Medical operating segment in connection with our acquisition of substantially all of the assets and assumption of certain liabilities of the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc in January 2007. The segment information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 has been restated to conform to our presentation of reportable segments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Previously, PAS and Dairy were aggregated into a single reportable segment, which we referred to as the Food Diagnostics Group.
CAG develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes products and performs services for veterinarians. Water develops, designs, manufactures and distributes products to detect contaminants in water. PAS develops, designs, manufactures and distributes products to detect diseases in production animals. Dairy develops, designs, manufactures and distributes products to detect contaminants in dairy products. OPTI Medical develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes point-of-care electrolyte and blood gas analyzers and related consumable products for the human medical diagnostics market.
Items that are not allocated to our operating segments are comprised primarily of corporate research and development expenses, interest income and expense, and income taxes. Share-based compensation expense was also reported in “unallocated amounts” in 2006. Beginning in 2007, we allocate a portion of share-based compensation expense to the operating segments. This allocation differs from the actual expense and consequently yields a difference between the total allocated share-based compensation expense and the actual expense for the total company, which was categorized as “unallocated amounts.”

 

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§ Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 and Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q describe the significant accounting policies used in preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
We believe the following critical accounting estimates and assumptions may have a material impact on reported financial condition and operating performance and involve significant levels of judgment to account for highly uncertain matters or are susceptible to significant change.
Revenue Recognition
Customer programs. We record estimated reductions to revenue in connection with customer marketing programs and incentive offerings that may give customers credits or award points. Award points may be applied to trade receivables owed to us and/or toward future purchases of our products or services. We establish accruals for estimated revenue reductions attributable to customer programs and incentive offerings for each program based on numerous factors, including:
  program design and award levels;
  forecasted purchasing patterns of those enrolled in the program based on historical experience with similar programs, current sales trends and market analyses;
  inventory levels of eligible products in the distribution channel; and
  estimated number of participants that will ultimately reach volume purchase thresholds.
Revenue reductions are recorded quarterly based on issuance of credits, points earned but not yet issued, and estimates of credits and points to be earned in the future based on current revenue. In our analysis, we utilize data supplied from distributors and collected in-house that details the volume of qualifying products purchased as well as price paid per clinic (“practice-level sales data”).

 

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Our two most significant customer programs are Practice Developer® and SNAP up the SavingsTM (“SUTS”), both of which are offered only to North American customers. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, we recorded revenue reductions of $5.3 million, $5.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively, related to our Practice Developer® program and $3.5 million, $4.9 million and $5.1 million, respectively, related to our SUTS program. As of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and 2005, the accrued revenue reductions were $13.9 million, $10.4 million and $7.1 million, respectively, for the Practice Developer® program and $0.6 million, $1.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively, for the SUTS program. Following is a summary of changes in the accrual for estimated revenue reductions attributable to customer programs and incentive offerings for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 (in thousands):
     
  For the Nine 
  Months Ended 
  September 30, 
  2007 
Practice Developer®
    
Balance, beginning of period
 $10,399 
Current provision related to current period
  5,328 
Change in estimate related to sales in prior periods
  (52)
Issuance of points for SNAP up the Savings™ program (1)
  4,399 
Issuance of points for other programs (1)
  3,126 
Actual points redeemed
  (9,290)
 
   
Balance, end of period
 $13,910 
 
   
 
    
SNAP up the Savings™
    
Balance, beginning of period
 $1,429 
Current provision related to current period
  3,508 
Change in estimate related to sales in prior periods
  93 
Deposit of points to Practice Developer® program
  (4,399)
 
   
Balance, end of period
 $631 
 
   
 
    
Other Customer Programs
    
Balance, beginning of period
 $1,464 
Current provision related to current period
  4,250 
Change in estimate related to sales in prior periods
  (85)
Issuance of points for other programs (1)
  (3,126)
Actual credits issued
  (742)
 
   
Balance, end of period
 $1,761 
 
   
 
(1) SNAP up the Savings™ and certain other customer program liabilities are settled through the issuance of Practice Developer® points.
Our Practice Developer® program is a Companion Animal Group awards program that permits customers to earn points by purchasing quarterly minimums in certain product and service categories, including IDEXX Reference Laboratories services, VetTest® slides, LaserCyte® tubes, and Feline and Canine SNAP® tests. Points may then be applied against the purchase price for IDEXX products and services purchased in the future or applied to trade receivables due to us. SUTS is our volume incentive program for selected SNAP® tests that provides customers with benefits in the form of (1) discounts off invoice at the time of purchase and (2) points under the Practice Developer® program awarded quarterly throughout the SUTS program year (which ends on August 31) based on total purchase volume of qualified products during the year.
For the Practice Developer program, we reduce revenue assuming all points granted will result in future credits because the historical forfeitures have been de minimis. The accrued revenue reduction is calculated each quarter based on sales to end users during the quarter by either us or our distributors and on our estimate of future points to be issued upon sale of applicable product inventories held by distributors at the end of the quarter. On November 30 of each year, unused points granted before January 1 of the prior year expire and are accounted for as a favorable change in estimate.

 

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Under the SUTS program, beginning September 1, 2007, customers will receive a 5% rebate of their purchase price if they purchase a minimum volume of products, either from us or our distributors. We cannot be certain what percentage of customers will purchase the minimum volume of products until that program year has ended. At the beginning of the program year, we develop an estimate of the percentage of customers that we expect to meet the minimum purchase threshold over the program period based on program enrollee purchasing patterns, historical experience with similar programs, current sales trends, and marketing analysis. The percentage of customers expected to meet the minimum purchase threshold is adjusted quarterly during the program year based on our experience with the program and finalized when the program year ends in August. The number of participants for which we are estimating rebates declines as the program year progresses and more program participants achieve the minimum annual purchase threshold. The 5% revenue reduction is calculated quarterly based on the applicable gross sales during the period, at end-user prices, and the estimated percentage of end users that are expected to meet the minimum purchase threshold by the end of the program year. The accrued revenue reduction also includes our estimate of future points to be issued upon sale of applicable product inventories held by distributors at the end of the quarter.
If the estimated percentage of customers expected to meet the minimum purchase threshold required to receive the 5% rebate under the SUTS program were to increase or decrease by 5%, we would be required to further reduce revenue or increase revenue, respectively, by $0.2 million.
Doubtful accounts receivable. We recognize revenue only in those situations where collection from the customer is reasonably assured. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We base our estimates on detailed analysis of specific customer situations and a percentage of our accounts receivable by aging category. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances might be required. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when we believe the receivable will not be recovered. Write-offs of customer accounts during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 were $0.8 million, $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively.
Inventory Valuation
We write down inventory for estimated obsolescence when warranted by estimates of future demand, market conditions, and remaining shelf life. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those we estimated, additional inventory write-downs may be required, which would have a negative effect on results of operations. Certain major components of inventory for which we have made critical valuation judgments are discussed in more detail below.
LaserCyte®Hematology Analyzer. At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, $2.7 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of inventory associated with our LaserCyte® hematology instrument required rework before it could be used to manufacture finished goods, which was net of $1.4 million and $0.9 million of write-downs for inventory estimated to be obsolete. We determined obsolescence based on our estimate of the costs to rework inventory compared to replacement cost and the probability of success, primarily based on historical experience. We expect to fully realize our net investment in inventory. However, if we are unsuccessful reworking this inventory, if we revise our judgment of our ability to successfully rework inventory due to new experience in reworking this inventory, or if we alter the design of this product, we may be required to write off some or all of the remaining associated inventory.
Nitazoxanide. At December 31, 2006, our inventories included $9.3 million of inventory associated with Navigator®, our nitazoxanide product for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. This inventory consisted of $0.2 million of finished goods and $9.1 million of active ingredient and other raw materials. We have an agreement with our supplier of nitazoxanide under which the supplier agreed until 2017 to replace any expiring inventory of nitazoxanide with longer-dated material. During the three months ended June 30, 2007, we recognized a write-down of pharmaceutical raw materials inventory of $9.1 million and a write-off of a prepaid royalty license of $1.0 million associated with Navigator® paste, our nitazoxanide product for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. We wrote down these assets because the third-party contract manufacturer of finished goods notified us that it will discontinue manufacturing the product in 2009. Additionally, product sales have been lower than projected. We believe that we will not be able to enter into a replacement manufacturing arrangement on economically feasible terms and that we will not be able to obtain the product after termination of the existing manufacturing arrangement because the estimated production volume is low. Accordingly, we evaluated our associated inventory for obsolescence based on our changed estimates of product availability and estimated future demand and market conditions. This inventory comprised $9.1 million of active ingredient and other raw materials, for which we recognized a full write-down during the three months ended June 30, 2007. At September 30, 2007, this inventory, net of reserves, was comprised of less than $0.1 million of finished goods. Sales of Navigator®were $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.

 

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Valuation of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
A significant portion of the purchase prices for acquired businesses are assigned to intangible assets. Intangible assets other than goodwill are initially valued at the lesser of fair value or, if applicable, fair value proportionately reduced by the excess of the fair value of acquired net assets over the purchase price (collectively, “fair value”) of the acquired business. If a market value is not readily available, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated based on discounted cash flows using market participant assumptions, which are assumptions that are not specific to IDEXX. The selection of appropriate valuation methodologies and the estimation of discounted cash flows require significant assumptions about the timing and amounts of future cash flows, risks, appropriate discount rates, and the useful lives of intangible assets. When deemed appropriate by management, we utilize independent valuation experts to advise and assist us in allocating the purchase prices for acquired businesses to the fair values of the identified intangible assets and in determining appropriate amortization methods and periods for those intangible assets. Goodwill is initially valued based on the excess of the purchase price of a business combination over the fair values of acquired net assets.
We assess goodwill for impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate an impairment may exist, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS No. 142”). For impairment testing, the fair values of the reporting units that include goodwill are estimated using a discounted cash flow approach. The cash flows used contain our best estimates, using appropriate and customary assumptions and projections at the time. Because our pharmaceutical business is still substantially in an investment stage, the determination of the fair value of this business unit requires significant assumptions about the timing and amounts of the unit’s future cash flows, including assumptions about the markets for our products and proprietary technologies, the future success of research and development activities, the attainment and timing of regulatory approvals to manufacture and sell new products, the introduction and success of competitive products by other market participants, and other business risks. Changes in forecast cash flows or the discount rate would affect the estimated fair values of reporting units and could result in a goodwill impairment charge in a future period. However, a 25% decrease in the current estimated fair value of any of our reporting units would not result in a goodwill impairment charge for any of our reporting units that include goodwill. No impairments were identified as a result of the annual or event-driven reviews during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 or 2004.
We assess the realizability of intangible assets other than goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS No. 144”). If an impairment review is triggered, we evaluate the carrying value of intangible assets based on estimated undiscounted future cash flows over the remaining useful life of the assets and comparing that value to the carrying value of the assets. The cash flows that are used contain our best estimates, using appropriate and customary assumptions and projections at the time. No impairments were identified during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 or 2004.
During the three months ended June 30, 2007, we recognized an impairment charge to write-off a prepaid royalty license of $1.0 million associated with Navigator® paste, our Nitazoxanide product for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. We also recognized a related inventory write-down and the circumstances are described in the above discussion of critical accounting estimates and assumptions used in inventory valuation and in Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Based on our changed estimates of product availability and estimated future demand and market conditions, we determined that we will not realize our investment in prepaid royalties and, therefore, fully expensed this asset.
We assessed goodwill attributable to our pharmaceutical business for impairment at June 30, 2007 due to the matters discussed above and the resulting Nitazoxanide inventory write-down and prepaid royalty license impairment charge. We believe that the goodwill attributable to our pharmaceutical business of $13.7 million was not impaired at June 30, 2007, and no events have occurred since that date that required subsequent evaluation. However, significant changes in our assumptions and estimates due to new information, or actual results that are below our expectations could result in impairment in the future of some or all of the goodwill attributable to our pharmaceutical products business.

 

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Share-Based Compensation
We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) on January 1, 2006. Beginning in 2006, we modified our share-based employee compensation programs to shift from the grant of stock options and employee stock purchase rights only to the grant of a mix of restricted stock units and stock options, along with employee stock purchase rights. There were no modifications to the terms of outstanding options during 2006 or 2005.
In connection with the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), we adopted the straight-line method to prospectively expense share-based awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005. The graded-vesting, or accelerated, method has been used to calculate the expense for stock options granted prior to January 1, 2006. If the total fair value of share-based compensation awards, as well as other features that impact expense, including forfeitures and capitalization of costs, was consistent from year-to-year in each of the last five years and through 2010, this change in expense method from graded-vesting to straight-line expensing would yield decreasing annual expense through 2010 until awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 were fully expensed. However, the total fair value of future awards may vary significantly from past awards based on a number of factors, including our share-based award practices. Therefore, share-based compensation expense is likely to fluctuate, possibly significantly, from year to year.
The fair value of options, restricted stock units, deferred stock units with vesting conditions, and employee stock purchase rights awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 totaled $18.1 million, $11.9 million, $15.7 million and $13.4 million, respectively. The total unrecognized compensation cost for unvested share-based compensation awards outstanding at September 30, 2007, net of estimated forfeitures, was $23.2 million. Approximately $8.8 million is expected to be recognized in the year ending December 31, 2007 for previously granted share-based compensation awards, of which $6.4 million has been recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2007, and decreasing amounts of the total expense are expected to be recognized over the subsequent five years, resulting in a weighted average expense recognition period of approximately 2.5 years.
The weighted average valuation assumptions used to determine the fair value of each option grant on the date of grant were as follows:
         
  For the Nine    
  Months  For the 
  Ended  Year Ended 
  September 30,  December 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
        
Expected stock price volatility
  29%  30%
Expected term, in years
  5.0   5.0 
Risk-free interest rate
  4.7%  4.6%
We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to determine the fair value of options granted. Option-pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, particularly for the expected stock price volatility and the expected term of options. Changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate. Our expected stock price volatility assumptions are based on the historical volatility of our stock over periods that are similar to the expected terms of grants and other relevant factors. Lower estimated volatility reduces the fair value of an option. The total fair value of options awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 ($7.4 million) would have increased by approximately 7% or decreased by approximately 6% if the stock price volatility assumption were increased or decreased by 10%, respectively. The total cost recognized for options awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 would have increased or decreased by $0.1 million if the stock price volatility assumption were increased or decreased by 10%, respectively.
To develop the expected term assumption for 2007 option awards, we elected to use the simplified method described in the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, which is based on vesting and contractual terms. The application of the simplified method is allowable for options granted through December 31, 2007. We will transition to developing expected term assumptions for future awards based on historical experience and other relevant factors concerning expected employee behavior with regards to option exercise. Longer expected term assumptions increase the fair value of option awards, and therefore increase the expense recognized per award. The total fair value of options awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 ($7.4 million) would have increased by approximately 12% or decreased by approximately 10% if the expected term assumption were increased or decreased by one year, respectively. The total cost recognized for options awarded during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 would have increased or decreased by $0.1 million if the expected term assumption were increased or decreased by one year, respectively.

 

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Share-based compensation expense is based on the number of awards ultimately expected to vest and is, therefore, reduced for an estimate of the number of awards that are expected to be forfeited. The forfeiture estimates are based on historical data and other factors, and compensation expense is adjusted for actual results. At September 30, 2007, we applied annual forfeiture rates ranging from 3% to 16% to estimate future forfeitures of previously granted options and restricted stock units that had vesting dates after September 30, 2007. Net share-based compensation costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 were $6.4 million, which is net of a reduction of $1.4 million for estimated forfeitures. Changes in estimated forfeiture rates and differences between estimated forfeiture rates and actual experience may result in significant, unanticipated increases or decreases in share-based compensation expense from period to period. The termination of employment by certain employees who hold large numbers of share-based compensation instruments may also have a significant, unanticipated impact on forfeiture experience and, therefore, on share-based compensation expense.
Income Taxes
We recognize a current tax liability or asset for current taxes payable or refundable, respectively, and a deferred tax liability or asset, as the case may be, for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between book and tax treatment of assets and liabilities and carryforwards to the extent they are realizable.
The future tax benefit arising from net deductible temporary differences and tax carryforwards, net of valuation allowances, was $16.1 million, $12.9 million and $7.9 million at September 30, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. We believe that our earnings during the periods when the temporary differences become deductible will be sufficient to realize the related future tax benefits. Should we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax asset in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would be charged to income in the period such determination was made. A reduction of net income before taxes in each subsidiary equal to 5% of revenue, compared to the corresponding reported amounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, would not result in the recognition of incremental valuation allowances except in one subsidiary where a 5% reduction could result in our recording a valuation allowance of $0.6 million for that subsidiary.
For those jurisdictions where the expiration date of tax carryforwards or the projected operating results indicate that realization is not likely, a valuation allowance is recorded to offset the deferred tax asset within that jurisdiction. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. In the event that we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would increase income in the period such determination was made. Similarly, a determination that a higher valuation allowance is required would decrease income in the period such determination was made.
Our net deductible temporary differences and tax carryforwards are recorded using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or asset is expected to be settled or realized. Should the expected applicable tax rates change in the future, an adjustment to the net deferred tax asset would be credited or charged, as appropriate, to income in the period such determination was made. For example, an increase of one percentage point in our anticipated U.S. state income tax rate would cause us to increase our net deferred tax asset balance by $0.3 million. This increase in the net deferred asset would increase net income in the period that our rate was adjusted. Likewise, a decrease of one percentage point to our anticipated U.S. state income tax rate would have the opposite effect.
We periodically assess our exposures related to our worldwide provision for income taxes and believe that we have appropriately accrued taxes for contingencies. Any reduction of these contingent liabilities or additional assessment would increase or decrease income, respectively, in the period such determination was made.
We consider the operating earnings of non-United States subsidiaries, the cumulative amount of which was $111.4 million at December 31, 2006, to be indefinitely invested outside the United States. No provision has been made for United States federal and state, or international taxes that may result from future remittances of undistributed earnings of non-United States subsidiaries. Should we repatriate non-United States earnings in the future, we would have to adjust the income tax provision in the period in which the decision to repatriate earnings is made.

 

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Estimates for Certain Contingencies
Under our workers’ compensation insurance policies for U.S. employees for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003, we retain the first $250,000 in claim liability per incident and $3.1 million, $2.8 million, $3.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively, in aggregate claim liability. We entered into a similar workers’ compensation insurance policy effective January 1, 2007 and estimate that our retained aggregate claim liability will approximate $3.0 million. The insurance company provides insurance for claims above the individual occurrence and aggregate limits. We estimate claim liability based on claims incurred and the estimated ultimate cost to settle the claims. Based on this analysis, we have recognized cumulative expenses of $0.3 million for claims incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and cumulative expenses of $1.2 million, $0.5 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million for claims incurred during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Claims incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and year ended December 31, 2006 are relatively new and significant additional healthcare and wage indemnification costs could arise from those claims. Our liability for claims incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006 could exceed our estimate and we could be liable for up to $1.9 million in excess of the expense we have recognized. For the three years ended on or prior to December 31, 2005, based on our retained claim liability per incident and our aggregate claim liability, our maximum liability at September 30, 2007 is $0.7 million in excess of the amounts deemed probable and previously recognized.
Under our current employee health care insurance policy, we retain claims liability risk up to $250,000 per incident. We estimate our liability for the uninsured portion of employee health care obligations that have been incurred but not reported based on individual coverage, our claims experience, and the average time from when a claim is incurred to the time it is paid. We recognized employee health care claim expense of $9.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and $10.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2006, which includes actual claims paid and an estimate for our liability for the uninsured portion of employee health care obligations that have been incurred but not paid. Should employee health insurance claims exceed our estimated liability, we would have further obligations. If our liability for the uninsured portion of employee health care obligations that have been incurred but not paid is 10% greater than our estimates at September 30, 2007, we would incur additional expense of $0.3 million.
§ Results of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2006
Revenue
Total Company. Revenue increased $42.0 million, or 22%, to $229.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $187.4 million for the same period of the prior year. Incremental sales from businesses and from customer-related and other intangible assets acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006 contributed 8% to revenue growth. These acquisitions consisted primarily of veterinary reference laboratories and customer-related assets in Canada, the United States, and South Africa; a production animal diagnostic products business in France; and the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 3% to revenue growth. The following table presents revenue by operating segment:
                             
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
                          Percentage 
                      Percentage  Change Net of 
                  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions 
Net Revenue         Dollar  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions  and Currency 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  2006  Change  Change  Currency (1)  (2)  Effect 
 
                            
CAG
 $187,481  $153,058  $34,423   22.5%  2.5%  5.9%  14.1%
Water
  17,431   16,579   852   5.1%  3.0%     2.1%
PAS
  17,377   13,907   3,470   25.0%  6.1%  12.8%  6.1%
Other
  7,096   3,836   3,260   85.0%  2.8%  84.4%  (2.2%)
 
                         
Total
 $229,385  $187,380  $42,005   22.4%  2.8%  7.5%  12.1%
 
                         
 
(1) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to the effect of changes in currency rates from the three months ended September 30, 2006 to the three months ended September 30, 2007.
 
(2) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to incremental revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2006 from businesses acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006.

 

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Companion Animal Group. Revenue for CAG increased $34.4 million, or 22%, to $187.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $153.1 million for the same period of the prior year. Incremental sales from veterinary reference laboratory businesses and customer-related assets acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006 contributed 6% to CAG revenue growth. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 3% to the increase in CAG revenue. The following table presents revenue by product and service category for CAG:
                             
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
                          Percentage 
                      Percentage  Change Net of 
                  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions 
Net Revenue         Dollar  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions  and Currency 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  2006  Change  Change  Currency (1)  (2)  Effect 
 
                            
Instruments and consumables
 $71,443  $60,295  $11,148   18.5%  3.3%     15.2%
Rapid assay products
  33,639   30,181   3,458   11.5%  0.7%     10.8%
Laboratory and consulting services
  64,914   47,893   17,021   35.5%  2.9%  18.9%  13.7%
Practice information management systems and digital radiography
  12,197   10,287   1,910   18.6%  1.4%     17.2%
Pharmaceutical products
  5,288   4,402   886   20.1%        20.1%
 
                         
Net CAG revenue
 $187,481  $153,058  $34,423   22.5%  2.5%  5.9%  14.1%
 
                         
 
(1) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to the effect of changes in currency rates from the three months ended September 30, 2006 to the three months ended September 30, 2007.
 
(2) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to incremental revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2006 from businesses acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006.
The following revenue analysis reflects the results of operations net of the impact of currency exchange rates on sales outside the U.S. and net of incremental sales from businesses and from customer-related and other intangible assets acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006.
Because our instrument consumables, rapid assay products, and pharmaceutical products are sold in the U.S. and certain other geographies by distributors, distributor purchasing dynamics have an impact on our reported sales of these products. Distributors purchase products from us and sell them to veterinary practices, who are the end users. Distributor purchasing dynamics may be affected by many factors and may be unrelated to underlying end-user demand for our products. As a result, fluctuations in distributors’ inventories may cause reported results in a period not to be representative of underlying end-user demand. Therefore, we believe it is important to track distributor sales to end users and to distinguish between the impact of end-user demand and the impact of distributor purchasing dynamics on reported revenue growth.
Where growth rates are affected by changes in end-user demand, we refer to the impact of practice-level sales on growth. Where growth rates are affected by distributor purchasing dynamics, we refer to the impact of changes in distributors’ inventories. If during the comparable period of the prior year, distributors’ inventories grew by more than those inventories grew in the current year, then changes in distributors’ inventories have a negative impact on our reported sales growth in the current period. Conversely, if during the comparable period of the prior year, distributors’ inventories grew by less than those inventories grew in the current year, then distributors’ inventories have a positive impact on our reported sales growth in the current period.
The increase in sales of instruments and consumables was due mainly to higher unit sales volume. Higher consumables sales volumes were attributable primarily to higher worldwide practice-level sales of slides and, to a lesser extent, to increased practice-level sales of tubes used with our hematology analyzers, with all consumables categories benefiting from the continued growth of our installed base of instruments. Higher instrument sales volume resulted mainly from sales of our LaserCyte® Hematology Analyzer and, to a lesser extent, our IDEXX VetLab® Station, an in-clinic laboratory information management system. The impact from changes in distributors’ inventory levels reduced reported instruments and consumables revenue growth by 3%.

 

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The increase in practice-level sales of rapid assay products was due primarily to higher average unit sales prices and, to a lesser extent, higher sales volumes. Higher average unit sales prices were due, in part, to higher relative sales of canine combination test products, such as the SNAP® 4Dx®, which was launched in the U.S. in September 2006, and less promotional discounting in connection with our SNAP up the Savings™ customer program. Higher sales volumes resulted in part from the July 2007 launch of the SNAP® cPL™, our test for pancreatitis in dogs. The impact from changes in distributors’ inventory levels reduced reported rapid assay revenue growth by 6%.
The increase in sales of laboratory and consulting services resulted primarily from higher testing volume and, to a lesser extent, the impact of price increases. Higher testing volume was attributable to both new customers and to increased testing volume from existing customers, including sales of new test offerings.
The increase in sales of practice information management systems and digital radiography resulted primarily from higher sales of Cornerstone® practice information management systems and services, higher sales volumes of companion animal radiography systems, and the favorable impact of implementing tiered support service level offerings with differentiated pricing for our practice information management systems, partly offset by a decrease in the number of equine radiography systems sold.
The increase in sales of pharmaceutical products resulted primarily from higher sales volume and price increases, in each case related largely to PZI VET®, our insulin product for the treatment of diabetic cats.
Water. Revenue for Water increased $0.9 million, or 5%, to $17.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $16.6 million for the same period of the prior year. The increase resulted primarily from higher worldwide sales volume, partly offset by lower average unit sales prices due to both higher relative sales in geographies where products are sold at lower average unit sales prices and greater price competition in certain geographies. Higher sales volumes resulted in part from our commencement in September 2007 of distribution of certain water testing kits manufactured by Invitrogen Corporation (“Invitrogen”). The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 3% to the increase in Water revenue.
Production Animal Segment. Revenue for PAS increased $3.5 million, or 25%, to $17.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $13.9 million for the same period of the prior year. The increase resulted primarily from higher livestock diagnostics sales volume, including sales attributable to Institut Pourquier, a manufacturer of production animal diagnostic products in France that we acquired in March 2007. Sales of Pourquier products contributed 13% to PAS revenue growth. The favorable impact of higher sales volume was partly offset by lower average unit sales prices for our HerdChek® products that test for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (“TSE”) due to greater price competition. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 6% to the increase in PAS revenue.
Other. Revenue for Other operating units increased $3.3 million, or 85%, to $7.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $3.8 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to incremental revenue attributable to OPTI Medical, which was acquired in January 2007.
Gross Profit
Total Company. Gross profit increased $20.3 million, or 21%, to $118.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $98.2 million for the same period of the prior year. As a percentage of total revenue, gross profit was constant at 52%.
Share-based compensation expense of $0.2 million was included in cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006. Beginning in 2007, we allocate share-based compensation expense to the operating segments based on headcount and other personnel data. This allocation differs from the actual expense and consequently yields a difference between the total allocated share-based compensation expense and the actual expense for the total company, which was categorized as “unallocated amounts.” Share-based compensation expense was not allocated to our operating segments in 2006. Therefore, the total company share-based compensation expense was categorized as “unallocated amounts” for the three months ended September 30, 2006.

 

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The following table presents gross profit and gross profit percentage by operating segment:
                         
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
      Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
Gross Profit (dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
CAG
 $93,949   50.1% $76,739   50.1% $17,210   22.4%
Water
  10,919   62.6%  11,026   66.5%  (107)  (1.0%)
PAS
  10,412   59.9%  9,481   68.2%  931   9.8%
Other
  3,081   43.4%  1,375   35.9%  1,706   124.0%
Unallocated amounts
  117   N/A   (422)  N/A   539   127.7%
 
                     
Total Company
 $118,478   51.7% $98,199   52.4% $20,279   20.7%
 
                     
Companion Animal Group. Gross profit for CAG increased $17.2 million, or 22%, to $93.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $76.7 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to increased revenue across the CAG product and service lines. The gross profit percentage was constant at 50%. The favorable impact on the gross profit percentage from higher average unit sales prices across the CAG product and service lines was offset by the unfavorable sales mix impact from greater relative sales of lower margin products and services such as laboratory and consulting services.
Water. Gross profit for Water decreased $0.1 million, or 1%, to $10.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $11.0 million for the same period of the prior year due to a decrease in the gross profit percentage to 63% from 67%, partly offset by higher revenue. The decrease in the gross profit percentage was mainly due to higher manufacturing costs; lower average unit sales prices; and greater relative sales of lower margin products, which was due, in part, to the lower gross margin earned on the Invitrogen products that we began distributing in September 2007.
Production Animal Segment. Gross profit for PAS increased $0.9 million, or 10%, to $10.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $9.5 million for the same period of the prior year due to increased sales volume, partly offset by a decrease in the gross profit percentage to 60% from 68%. The gross profit percentage was unfavorably impacted by higher product costs; lower average unit sales prices; and, to a lesser extent, a relatively lower gross profit rate realized on sales by Pourquier. The gross profit percentage earned on sales by Pourquier was lower than our historical PAS gross profit rate due to greater price competition in the primary markets served by Pourquier and higher production costs. Accordingly, we expect the PAS gross profit percentage to approximate 60% to 65% during the next twelve months with fluctuations within this range due, in part, to seasonal sales volumes in certain geographies that are historically highest in the fourth quarter. The decreases to the gross profit percentage were partly offset by the favorable impact of foreign currency rates on sales denominated in those currencies, net of foreign exchange hedge contract losses.
Other. Gross profit for Other operating units increased $1.7 million, or 124%, to $3.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $1.4 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to incremental gross profit attributable to OPTI Medical and an increase in the gross profit percentage to 43% from 36%. The increase in the gross profit percentage was primarily attributable to the impact of OPTI Medical, which was acquired in January 2007 and, to a lesser extent, the favorable impact of foreign currency rates on sales denominated in those currencies, net of foreign exchange hedge contract losses. The increases in the gross profit percentage were partly offset by higher manufacturing costs for Dairy products.
Operating Expenses and Operating Income
Total Company. Total operating expenses increased $18.6 million, or 29%, to $82.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $63.7 million for the same period of the prior year. As a percentage of revenue, operating expenses increased to 36% from 34%.
Share-based compensation expense of $2.2 million was included in operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $2.3 million for the same period of the prior year. Beginning in 2007, we allocate share-based compensation expense to the operating segments based on headcount and other personnel data. This allocation differs from the actual expense and consequently yields a difference between the total allocated share-based compensation expense and the actual expense for the total company, which was categorized as “unallocated amounts.” Share-based compensation expense was not allocated to our operating segments in 2006. Therefore, the total company share-based compensation expense was categorized as “unallocated amounts” for the three months ended September 30, 2006.

 

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Operating income increased $1.6 million, or 5%, to $36.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $34.5 million for the same period of the prior year. As a percentage of revenue, operating income decreased to 16% from 18%.
The following tables present operating expenses and operating income by operating segment:
                         
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
CAG
 $65,420   34.9% $50,303   32.8% $15,117   30.1%
Water
  3,707   21.3%  3,183   19.2%  524   16.5%
PAS
  7,851   45.2%  5,573   40.1%  2,278   40.9%
Other
  3,054   43.0%  1,130   29.5%  1,924   170.2%
Unallocated amounts
  2,349   N/A   3,548   N/A   (1,199)  (33.8%)
 
                     
Total Company
 $82,381   35.9% $63,737   34.0% $18,644   29.3%
 
                     
                         
Operating Income     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
CAG
 $28,529   15.2% $26,436   17.3% $2,093   7.9%
Water
  7,212   41.4%  7,843   47.3%  (631)  (8.0%)
PAS
  2,561   14.7%  3,908   28.1%  (1,347)  (34.5%)
Other
  27   0.4%  245   6.4%  (218)  (89.0%)
Unallocated amounts
  (2,232)  N/A   (3,970)  N/A   1,738   43.8%
 
                     
Total Company
 $36,097   15.7% $34,462   18.4% $1,635   4.7%
 
                     
Companion Animal Group. Operating expenses for CAG increased $15.1 million, or 30%, to $65.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $50.3 million for the same period of the prior year and, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 35% from 33%. Share-based compensation expense of $1.6 million, or 1% of revenue, was included in CAG operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The following table presents CAG operating expenses by functional area:
                         
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
Sales and marketing
 $31,836   17.0% $24,578   16.1% $7,258   29.5%
General and administrative
  21,975   11.7%  15,742   10.3%  6,233   39.6%
Research and development
  11,609   6.2%  9,983   6.5%  1,626   16.3%
 
                     
Total operating expenses
 $65,420   34.9% $50,303   32.8% $15,117   30.1%
 
                     
The increase in sales and marketing expense resulted primarily from higher personnel-related costs due, in part, to expanded worldwide sales, marketing and customer service headcount. To a lesser extent, the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses, incremental expenses associated with businesses acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006, and the inclusion of share-based compensation expense also contributed to the increase in sales and marketing expense. The increase in general and administrative expense resulted primarily from higher spending on information technology and facilities; incremental expenses associated with businesses acquired subsequent to July 1, 2006, comprised mainly of administrative expenses of a recurring nature to support the acquired business and amortization expense for intangible assets acquired; higher personnel-related costs due, in part, to expanded headcount; and the inclusion of share-based compensation expense. The increase in research and development expense resulted from increased product development spending related primarily to IDEXX VetLab®instrumentation and, to a lesser extent, to product development activities in all other CAG product and service categories and the inclusion of share-based compensation expense.

 

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Water. Operating expenses for Water increased $0.5 million, or 17%, to $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $3.2 million for the same period of the prior year and, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 21% from 19%. Share-based compensation expense of $0.1 million, or 1% of revenue, was included in Water operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The following table presents Water expenses by functional area:
                         
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
Sales and marketing
 $1,696   9.7% $1,364   8.2% $332   24.3%
General and administrative
  1,371   7.9%  1,340   8.1%  31   2.3%
Research and development
  640   3.7%  479   2.9%  161   33.7%
 
                     
Total operating expenses
 $3,707   21.3% $3,183   19.2% $524   16.5%
 
                     
The increase in sales and marketing expense resulted largely from higher personnel-related costs due, in part, to expanded headcount. The unfavorable impact of the inclusion of share-based compensation expense in general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was largely offset by the favorable comparison due to atypical costs incurred during the third quarter of 2006 to consolidate our office and production facilities based in the United Kingdom into a single facility. The increase in research and development expense resulted primarily from higher costs associated with coliform and E. coli water test product development.
Production Animal Segment. Operating expenses for PAS increased $2.3 million, or 41%, to $7.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $5.6 million for the same period of the prior year and, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 45% from 40%. Share-based compensation expense of $0.2 million, or 1% of revenue, was included in PAS operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2007. The following table presents PAS operating expenses by functional area:
                         
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
Sales and marketing
 $3,060   17.6% $2,334   16.8% $726   31.1%
General and administrative
  2,851   16.4%  1,976   14.2%  875   44.3%
Research and development
  1,940   11.2%  1,263   9.1%  677   53.6%
 
                     
Total operating expenses
 $7,851   45.2% $5,573   40.1% $2,278   40.9%
 
                     
The increase in sales and marketing expense resulted primarily from higher personnel-related costs, incremental activities associated with the Pourquier business, and, to a lesser extent, the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses. The increase in general and administrative expense resulted primarily from incremental expenses associated with the Pourquier business, comprised mainly of amortization expense for intangible assets and administrative expenses of a recurring nature to support the acquired business, and higher spending on information technology and facilities. To a lesser extent, the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses and the inclusion of share-based compensation expense also contributed to the increase in general and administrative expense. The increase in research and development expense resulted primarily from higher development activities and associated higher personnel-related costs, including incremental development activities attributable to the Pourquier business acquired in March 2007.
Other. Operating expenses for Other operating units increased $1.9 million to $3.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $1.1 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to incremental expenses attributable to OPTI Medical, which was acquired in January 2007. These costs are mainly composed of operating expenses of a recurring nature to support the OPTI Medical business and amortization expense for intangible assets acquired.
Unallocated Amounts. Operating expenses that are not allocated to our operating segments decreased $1.2 million to $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $3.5 million for the same period of the prior year. As described above, share-based compensation expense was not allocated to our operating segments in 2006. Therefore, total company share-based compensation expense included in operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 of $2.3 million was categorized as “unallocated amounts.” Beginning in 2007, we allocate a portion of share-based compensation expense to the operating segments. The unallocated share-based compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was $0.1 million. Corporate research and development expense also was included in “unallocated amounts” for both periods and grew mainly due to personnel additions in 2006 and 2007 to support increased long-term product development activities.

 

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Interest Income and Interest Expense
Interest income was $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $0.8 million for the same period of the prior year. The decrease in interest income was primarily due to lower invested cash balances, partly offset by higher effective interest rates.
Interest expense was $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $0.2 million for the same period of the prior year. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to interest expense incurred on borrowings under a revolving credit facility.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rates were 27.5% and 28.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate compared to the same period of 2006 was due primarily to federal tax incentives recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2007 that were not available for the three months ended September 30, 2006, a reduction in international deferred tax liabilities as the result of anticipated lower international income tax rates, the recognition of certain state tax benefits resulting from the completion of an audit, and tax benefits recognized as a result of international tax savings initiatives. These effective tax rate reductions were partly offset by the release of accrued taxes resulting from the expiration of various statutes of limitations in 2006.
In the next twelve months, we do not anticipate recognizing significant income tax benefits that have not been recognized as of September 30, 2007 in accordance with FIN 48.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006
Revenue
Total Company. Revenue increased $130.7 million, or 24%, to $677.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $546.9 million for the same period of the prior year. Incremental sales from businesses and from customer-related and other intangible assets acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006 contributed 8% to revenue growth. These acquisitions consisted primarily of veterinary reference laboratories and customer-related assets in Canada, the United States, and South Africa; intellectual property and distribution rights of a veterinary diagnostics business; a production animal diagnostic products business in France; and the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 3% to revenue growth. The following table presents revenue by operating segment:
                             
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
                          Percentage 
                      Percentage  Change Net of 
                  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions 
Net Revenue         Dollar  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions  and Currency 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  2006  Change  Change  Currency (1)  (2)  Effect 
 
                            
CAG
 $554,939  $449,324  $105,615   23.5%  2.2%  6.3%  15.0%
Water
  48,941   43,732   5,209   11.9%  3.0%     8.9%
PAS
  52,871   42,310   10,561   25.0%  6.4%  10.4%  8.2%
Other
  20,835   11,542   9,293   80.5%  2.7%  77.7%  0.1%
 
                         
Total
 $677,586  $546,908  $130,678   23.9%  2.6%  7.6%  13.7%
 
                         
 
(1) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to the effect of changes in currency rates from the nine months ended September 30, 2006 to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
 
(2) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to incremental revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from businesses acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006.

 

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Companion Animal Group. Revenue for CAG increased $105.6 million, or 24%, to $554.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $449.3 million for the same period of the prior year. Incremental sales from businesses acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006, consisting primarily of veterinary reference laboratory businesses and customer-related assets and intellectual property and distribution rights of a veterinary diagnostics business, contributed 6% to CAG revenue growth. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 2% to the increase in CAG revenue. The following table presents revenue by product and service category for CAG:
                             
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
                          Percentage 
                      Percentage  Change Net of 
                  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions 
Net Revenue         Dollar  Percentage  Change from  Acquisitions  and Currency 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  2006  Change  Change  Currency (1)  (2)  Effect 
 
                            
Instruments and consumables
 $209,889  $177,326  $32,563   18.4%  2.8%     15.6%
Rapid assay products
  101,464   88,812   12,652   14.2%  0.5%  1.9%  11.8%
Laboratory and consulting services
  191,350   139,287   52,063   37.4%  3.1%  19.1%  15.2%
Practice information management systems and digital radiography
  36,419   30,764   5,655   18.4%  0.8%     17.6%
Pharmaceutical products
  15,817   13,135   2,682   20.4%        20.4%
 
                         
Net CAG revenue
 $554,939  $449,324  $105,615   23.5%  2.2%  6.3%  15.0%
 
                         
 
(1) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to the effect of changes in currency rates from the nine months ended September 30, 2006 to the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
 
(2) Represents the percentage change in revenue attributed to incremental revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from businesses acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006.
The following revenue analysis reflects the results of operations net of the impact of currency exchange rates on sales outside the U.S. and net of incremental sales from businesses and from customer-related and other intangible assets acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006.
The increase in sales of instruments and consumables was due mainly to higher unit sales volume. Higher consumables sales volumes were attributable primarily to higher worldwide practice-level sales of slides and, to a lesser extent, to increased practice-level sales of tubes used with our hematology analyzers, with all consumables categories benefiting from the continued growth of our installed base of instruments. Sales volumes of consumables also benefited from temporary additional diagnostic testing volume related to the recall of certain pet foods in mid-March 2007 in the U.S. and Canada. We believe that the recall resulted in a higher than usual number of pet visits to veterinary clinics in North America in the first and second quarters of 2007. Higher instrument sales volume resulted mainly from sales of our LaserCyte® Hematology Analyzer and, to a lesser extent, our IDEXX VetLab®Station, an in-clinic laboratory information management system. The impact from changes in distributors’ inventory levels reduced reported instruments and consumables revenue growth by 1%.
The increase in practice-level sales of rapid assay products was due primarily to higher average unit sales prices and, to a lesser extent, higher sales volumes of canine test products. Higher average unit sales prices were due, in part, to higher relative sales of canine combination test products, such as the SNAP®4Dx®, which was launched in the U.S. in September 2006, and less promotional discounting in connection with our SNAP up the Savings™ customer program. The impact from changes in distributors’ inventory levels reduced reported rapid assay revenue growth by 5%.
The increase in sales of laboratory and consulting services resulted primarily from higher testing volume and, to a lesser extent, the impact of price increases. Higher testing volume was attributable to both new customers and to increased testing volume from existing customers, and benefited from temporary additional diagnostic testing volume resulting from the March 2007 pet food recall, as discussed above, and from new test offerings.

 

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The increase in sales of practice information management systems and digital radiography resulted primarily from an increase in the number of radiography systems sold, including sales of the IDEXX-DR™ 1417 Digital Radiography System, which became commercially available during the third quarter of 2006; higher sales of Cornerstone® practice information management systems and services; the favorable impact of implementing tiered support service level offerings with differentiated pricing for our practice information management systems; and increased service revenue in support of the growing installed base of digital radiography systems. These increases were partly offset by lower average unit sales prices for radiography systems due to greater price competition.
The increase in sales of pharmaceutical products resulted primarily from higher sales volume and price increases, in each case related largely to PZI VET®, our insulin product for the treatment of diabetic cats.
Water. Revenue for Water increased $5.2 million, or 12%, to $48.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $43.7 million for the same period of the prior year. The increase resulted primarily from higher worldwide sales volume, partly offset by lower average unit sales prices attributable to both higher relative sales in geographies where products are sold at lower unit prices and greater price competition in certain geographies. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 3% to the increase in Water revenue.
Production Animal Segment. Revenue for PAS increased $10.6 million, or 25%, to $52.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $42.3 million for the same period of the prior year. The increase resulted primarily from higher livestock diagnostics sales volume, including sales attributable to Institut Pourquier, a manufacturer of production animal diagnostic products in France that we acquired in March 2007. Sales of Pourquier products contributed 10% to PAS revenue growth. The favorable impact of higher sales volume was partly offset by lower average unit sales prices for TSE testing products due to greater price competition. The favorable impact of currency exchange rates contributed 6% to the increase in PAS revenue.
Other. Revenue for Other operating units increased $9.3 million, or 81%, to $20.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $11.5 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to incremental revenue attributable to OPTI Medical, which was acquired in January 2007.
Gross Profit
Total Company. Gross profit increased $58.0 million, or 21%, to $341.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $283.3 million for the same period of the prior year. As a percentage of total revenue, gross profit decreased to 50% from 52%.
During the second quarter, we recognized a write-down of pharmaceutical raw materials inventory of $9.1 million and a write-off of a prepaid royalty license of $1.0 million associated with Navigator® paste, our nitazoxanide product for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, which resulted in an unfavorable impact of 1.5% of total company revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. These write-downs are included in cost of product revenue in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. We wrote down these assets because the third-party contract manufacturer of finished goods notified us that it will discontinue manufacturing the product in 2009. Additionally, product sales have been lower than projected. We believe that we will not be able to enter into a replacement manufacturing arrangement on economically feasible terms and that we will not be able to obtain the product after termination of the existing manufacturing arrangement because the estimated production volume is low. Accordingly, we evaluated our associated inventory for obsolescence based on our changed estimates of product availability and estimated future demand and market conditions. Additionally, because of lower sales volume estimates and the reduced product life, we determined that we will not realize our related investment in prepaid royalties and, therefore, fully expensed this asset.
Share-based compensation expense of $0.5 million was included in cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $0.6 million for the same period of the prior year. Beginning in 2007, we allocate share-based compensation expense to the operating segments, as discussed above. The total company share-based compensation expense was categorized as “unallocated amounts” for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

 

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The following table presents gross profit and gross profit percentage by operating segment:
                         
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
      Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
Gross Profit(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
CAG
 $269,328   48.5% $223,475   49.7% $45,853   20.5%
Water
  30,960   63.3%  28,853   66.0%  2,107   7.3%
PAS
  32,677   61.8%  27,634   65.3%  5,043   18.2%
Other
  7,926   38.0%  4,519   39.2%  3,407   75.4%
Unallocated amounts
  387   N/A   (1,221)  N/A   1,608   131.7%
 
                     
Total Company
 $341,278   50.4% $283,260   51.8% $58,018   20.5%
 
                     
Companion Animal Group. Gross profit for CAG increased $45.9 million, or 21%, to $269.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $223.5 million for the same period of the prior year due to increased sales volume across the CAG product lines, partly offset by a decrease in the gross profit percentage to 49% from 50% for the same period of the prior year. The write-down of pharmaceutical inventory and the related prepaid royalty impairment charge, discussed above, resulted in an unfavorable impact of 1.9% of CAG revenue. Greater relative sales of lower margin products and services, such as laboratory and consulting services, also contributed to the decrease in the gross profit percentage. These decreases were partly offset by higher average unit sales prices and a lower cost of slides that are sold for use in VetTest® chemistry analyzers.
Water. Gross profit for Water increased $2.1 million, or 7%, to $31.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $28.9 million for the same period of the prior year due to higher sales volume, partly offset by a decrease in the gross profit percentage to 63% from 66%. The decrease in the gross profit percentage was mainly due to higher manufacturing costs and lower average unit sales prices.
Production Animal Segment. Gross profit for PAS increased $5.0 million, or 18%, to $32.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $27.6 million for the same period of the prior year due to increased sales volume, partly offset by a decrease in the gross profit percentage to 62% from 65%. The gross profit percentage was unfavorably impacted by lower average unit sales prices; net higher production costs; a relatively lower gross profit rate realized on sales by Pourquier; and the effect of purchase accounting for inventory acquired in connection with the Pourquier business acquisition, partly offset by greater relative sales of higher margin products, exclusive of the impact of the Pourquier business. The gross profit percentage earned on sales by Pourquier, excluding the impact of purchase accounting, was lower than our historical PAS gross profit rate due to greater price competition in the primary markets served by Pourquier. Additionally, purchase accounting for inventory had an unfavorable impact of 1.1% of PAS revenue because finished goods inventory acquired in connection with a business acquisition is assigned a fair value that exceeds replacement cost, which results in a low gross margin on the sale of those finished goods by the acquirer.
Other. Gross profit for Other operating units increased $3.4 million, or 75%, to $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $4.5 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to incremental revenue attributable to OPTI Medical, partly offset by a decrease in the gross profit percentage to 38% from 39%. The decrease in the gross profit percentage was also primarily attributable to the impact of OPTI Medical, which was acquired in January 2007, including the unfavorable impact of purchase accounting for inventory, as discussed in the preceding paragraph. Lower average unit sales prices for Dairy products also contributed to the decrease in gross profit percentage. These decreases were partly offset by the favorable impact of foreign currency rates on sales denominated in those currencies, net of foreign exchange hedge contract losses.
Operating Expenses and Operating Income
Total Company. Total operating expenses increased $57.0 million, or 31%, to $241.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $184.8 million for the same period of the prior year. As a percentage of revenue, operating expenses increased to 36% from 34%.
Share-based compensation expense of $5.9 million was included in operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $7.4 million for the same period of the prior year. Beginning in 2007, we allocate share-based compensation expense to the operating segments, as discussed above. The total company share-based compensation expense was categorized as “unallocated amounts” for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.

 

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Operating income increased $1.0 million, or 1%, to $99.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $98.5 million for the same period of the prior year. As a percentage of revenue, operating income decreased to 15% from 18%.
The following tables present operating expenses and operating income by operating segment:
                         
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
CAG
 $194,035   35.0% $144,934   32.2% $49,101   33.9%
Water
  10,950   22.4%  9,371   21.4%  1,579   16.9%
PAS
  22,391   42.4%  16,355   38.7%  6,036   36.9%
Other
  8,413   40.4%  3,233   28.0%  5,180   160.2%
Unallocated amounts
  6,048   N/A   10,904   N/A   (4,856)  (44.5%)
 
                     
Total Company
 $241,837   35.7% $184,797   33.8% $57,040   30.9%
 
                     
                         
Operating Income     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
CAG
 $75,293   13.6% $78,541   17.5% $(3,248)  (4.1%)
Water
  20,010   40.9%  19,482   44.5%  528   2.7%
PAS
  10,286   19.5%  11,279   26.7%  (993)  (8.8%)
Other
  (487)  (2.3%)  1,286   11.1%  (1,773)  (137.9%)
Unallocated amounts
  (5,661)  N/A   (12,125)  N/A   6,464   53.3%
 
                     
Total Company
 $99,441   14.7% $98,463   18.0% $978   1.0%
 
                     
Companion Animal Group. Operating expenses for CAG increased $49.1 million, or 34%, to $194.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $144.9 million for the same period of the prior year and, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 35% from 32%. Share-based compensation expense of $4.5 million, or 1% of revenue, was included in CAG operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The following table presents CAG operating expenses by functional area:
                         
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
Sales and marketing
 $93,874   16.9% $71,856   16.0% $22,018   30.6%
General and administrative
  65,310   11.8%  44,501   9.9%  20,809   46.8%
Research and development
  34,851   6.3%  28,577   6.4%  6,274   22.0%
 
                     
Total operating expenses
 $194,035   35.0% $144,934   32.2% $49,101   33.9%
 
                     
The increase in sales and marketing expense resulted primarily from higher personnel-related costs due, in part, to expanded worldwide sales, marketing and customer service headcount and higher sales commissions as a result of revenue performance. To a lesser extent, the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses, the inclusion of share-based compensation expense, and incremental expenses associated with businesses acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006 also contributed to the increase in sales and marketing expense.
The increase in general and administrative expense resulted largely from higher personnel-related costs due, in part, to expanded headcount and from higher spending on information technology, facilities, and other general support functions. To a lesser extent, the inclusion of share-based compensation expense; incremental expenses associated with businesses acquired subsequent to January 1, 2006, comprised mainly of administrative expenses of a recurring nature to support the acquired businesses and amortization expense for intangible assets acquired; and the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses also contributed to the increase in general and administrative expense.

 

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The increase in research and development expense resulted from increased product development spending related primarily to IDEXX VetLab® instrumentation and, to a lesser extent, to product development activities in all other CAG product and service categories, and to the inclusion of share-based compensation expense.
Water. Operating expenses for Water increased $1.6 million, or 17%, to $11.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $9.4 million for the same period of the prior year and, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 22% from 21%. Share-based compensation expense of $0.3 million, or 1% of revenue, was included in Water operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The following table presents Water operating expenses by functional area:
                         
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
Sales and marketing
 $4,986   10.2% $4,011   9.2% $975   24.3%
General and administrative
  4,097   8.4%  3,837   8.8%  260   6.8%
Research and development
  1,867   3.8%  1,523   3.5%  344   22.6%
 
                     
Total operating expenses
 $10,950   22.4% $9,371   21.4% $1,579   16.9%
 
                     
The increase in sales and marketing expense resulted largely from higher personnel-related costs due, in part, to expanded headcount. The increase in general and administrative expense resulted primarily from higher spending on information technology, facilities, and other general support functions and the inclusion of share-based compensation expense, partly offset by the favorable comparison due to costs incurred during the third quarter of 2006 to consolidate our office and production facilities based in the United Kingdom into a single facility and other net cost reductions. The increase in research and development expense resulted primarily from higher costs associated with coliform and E. coli water test product development.
Production Animal Segment. Operating expenses for PAS increased $6.0 million, or 37%, to $22.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $16.4 million for the same period of the prior year and, as a percentage of revenue, increased to 42% from 39%. Share-based compensation expense of $0.6 million, or 1% of revenue, was included in PAS operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. The following table presents PAS operating expenses by functional area:
                         
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 
Operating Expenses     Percent of      Percent of  Dollar  Percentage 
(dollars in thousands) 2007  Revenue  2006  Revenue  Change  Change 
 
                        
Sales and marketing
 $8,218   15.5% $6,293   14.9% $1,925   30.6%
General and administrative
  8,522   16.1%  6,446   15.2%  2,076   32.2%
Research and development
  5,651   10.7%  3,616   8.6%  2,035   56.3%
 
                     
Total operating expenses
 $22,391   42.4% $16,355   38.7% $6,036   36.9%
 
                     
The increase in sales and marketing expense resulted primarily from higher personnel-related costs, incremental activities associated with the Pourquier business, and, to a lesser extent, the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses. The increase in general and administrative expense resulted primarily from incremental expenses associated with the Pourquier business, comprised mainly of administrative expenses of a recurring nature to support the acquired business and amortization expense for intangible assets, and higher spending on information technology, facilities, and other general support functions. To a lesser extent, the inclusion of share-based compensation expense and the unfavorable impact of exchange rates on foreign currency denominated expenses also contributed to the increase in general and administrative expense. These increases were partly offset by a favorable comparison due to the write-off, in the second quarter of 2006, of certain fixed assets located in our facility in China. The increase in research and development expense resulted primarily from higher development activities and associated higher personnel-related costs, including incremental development activities attributable to the Pourquier business acquired in March 2007, and, to a lesser extent, the inclusion of share-based compensation expense.

 

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Other. Operating expenses for Other operating units increased $5.2 million to $8.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $3.2 million for the same period of the prior year due primarily to incremental expenses attributable to OPTI Medical, which was acquired in January 2007. These costs are composed of operating expenses of a recurring nature to support the OPTI Medical business and amortization expense for intangible assets acquired.
Unallocated Amounts. Operating expenses that are not allocated to our operating segments decreased $4.9 million to $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $10.9 million for the same period of the prior year. As described above, share-based compensation expense was not allocated to our operating segments in 2006. Therefore, total company share-based compensation expense included in operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 of $7.4 million was categorized as “unallocated amounts.” Beginning in 2007, we allocate a portion of share-based compensation expense to the operating segments. The unallocated share-based compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $0.3 million.
Interest Income and Interest Expense
Interest income was $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $2.3 million for the same period of the prior year. The decrease in interest income was primarily due to lower invested cash balances, partly offset by higher effective interest rates.
Interest expense was $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $0.3 million for the same period of the prior year. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to interest expense incurred on borrowings under a revolving credit facility.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rates were 30.2% and 31.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate compared to the same period of 2006 was due primarily to federal tax incentives recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 that were not available for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, a reduction in international deferred tax liabilities as the result of anticipated lower international income tax rates, the recognition of certain state tax benefits resulting from the completion of an audit, and tax benefits recognized as a result of international tax savings initiatives. These effective tax rate reductions were partly offset by the release of accrued taxes resulting from the expiration of various statutes of limitations in 2006.
§ Recent Accounting Pronouncements
A discussion of recent accounting pronouncements is included in Note 2(p) to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 and in Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
§ Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
We fund the capital needs of our business through cash on hand, funds generated from operations, and amounts available under our credit facilities. At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we had $58.5 million and $96.7 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, and working capital of $84.6 million and $177.5 million, respectively. Additionally, at September 30, 2007, we had borrowing availability under our revolving credit facility of $47.8 million. We believe that current cash and cash equivalents, funds generated from operations, and amounts available under our credit facilities will be sufficient to fund our operations, capital purchase requirements, and strategic growth needs. We further believe that we could obtain additional borrowings at customary interest rates to fund our growth objectives. The extent and timing of acquisitions-related spending and repurchases of our common stock could cause variations in our liquidity and leverage levels.
We consider the operating earnings of non-United States subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the U.S. Changes to this policy could have adverse tax consequences. Subject to this policy, we manage our worldwide cash requirements considering available funds among all of our subsidiaries. Foreign cash balances are generally available without legal restrictions to fund ordinary business operations outside the U.S.

 

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The following table presents additional key information concerning working capital:
         
  September 30,  December 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
        
Days sales outstanding
  42   38 
Inventory turns
  2.1   1.9 
Sources and Uses of Cash
Cash generated by operating activities was $95.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $71.4 million for the same period in 2006. The total of net income and net non-cash charges was $99.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $86.5 million for the same period in 2006.
We have historically experienced proportionally lower or net negative cash flows from operating activities during the first quarter and net positive cash flows from operating activities for the remainder of the year and for the annual period. Several factors contribute to the seasonal fluctuations in cash flows generated by operating activities, including the following:
  We have agreements with certain suppliers that require us to make minimum annual inventory purchases, in some cases in order to retain exclusive distribution rights, and we have other agreements with suppliers that provide for lower pricing based on annual purchase volumes. We may place a higher volume of purchase orders for inventory during the fourth quarter in order to meet our minimum commitments or realize volume pricing discounts and we receive that inventory in the fourth or first quarters and pay in the first quarter. The specific facts and circumstances that we consider in determining the timing and level of inventory purchases throughout the year related to these agreements may yield inconsistent cash flows from operations, most typically in the first and fourth quarters.
  We have management and non-management employee incentive programs that provide for the payment of annual bonuses in the first quarter following the year for which the bonuses were earned.
  In the U.S., final income tax payments for each fiscal year are due on March 15th of the following year, along with our first quarter payment for the next fiscal year. Our method of depositing estimated taxes delays a portion of the payment relating to the preceding year until this final payment date and, as a result, tax payments are higher in the first quarter of each year.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, cash decreased by $4.2 million due to changes in operating assets and liabilities, compared to a decrease in the same period of 2006 of $15.1 million, resulting in a year-to-year change of $10.9 million. The decrease in cash used by changes in operating assets and liabilities, compared to 2006, was primarily attributable to $20.4 million less cash used by changes in inventory, partly offset by a reduction of $1.5 million of cash provided by increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses and an increase of $7.8 million of cash used to fund increases in accounts receivable. The incremental cash generated by inventory compared to the same period of 2006 was due, in part, to the receipt in the first quarter of 2006 of VetTest® slide inventory receipts from our supplier that were deferred from the fourth quarter of 2005, which resulted in an unusually large increase in VetTest® slide inventory during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. Additionally, during the first three quarters of 2007, certain inventory levels that grew during the later part of 2006 subsequently decreased due to consumption and sales. These inventory levels had increased during the second half of 2006 in preparation for a supplier’s production facility transition and to ensure adequate supply of certain instrument components and accessories that were being discontinued by the manufacturers. The decrease in cash provided by accounts payable and accrued expenses was due, in part, to the comparatively smaller incremental investment in inventory during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006, as discussed above; relatively higher taxes paid during the period; and the generation of less income taxes payable as a result of lower taxable income in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period of 2006. The increase in cash used to fund increases in accounts receivable was due to higher sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.

 

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Cash used by investing activities was $95.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to cash used of $21.7 million for the same period of 2006. The increase in cash used by investing activities for 2007, compared to 2006, was largely due to $78.4 million of incremental cash used for business acquisitions, which are described below, and incremental purchases of property and equipment of $20.2 million. These incremental decreases in cash were partly offset by higher net proceeds from investments in 2007 of $13.0 million and lower expenditures on land and buildings of $11.5 million, primarily due to the 2006 purchase of our Westbrook, Maine facility.
We paid $86.1 million and assumed liabilities of $18.0 million, including $8.1 million of deferred tax liabilities associated with purchase accounting, to acquire businesses and certain intangible assets that did not comprise businesses during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. We also paid purchase price payments of $1.6 million related to businesses acquired in prior years. In January 2007, we acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc. The acquired business is based in the United States and develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes point-of-care electrolyte and blood gas analyzers and related consumable products for the human medical and veterinary diagnostics markets. In March 2007, we acquired all of the equity of Vita-Tech Canada Inc. and Institut Pourquier SAS in separate transactions. Vita-Tech is the largest provider of reference laboratory testing services to veterinarians in Canada and has operations in Toronto and Montreal, Canada. Pourquier is based in Montpellier, France and develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes production animal diagnostic products. We also acquired certain assets of other veterinary reference laboratories during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 that did not comprise businesses.
We paid $41.7 million to purchase fixed assets and $0.7 million to acquire rental instruments sold under recourse during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Our total capital expenditure plan for 2007 is approximately $65 to $70 million, which includes approximately $13 million towards the renovation and expansion of our headquarters facility in Westbrook, Maine.
In January 2007, we entered into an unsecured short-term revolving credit facility with a bank in the principal amount of $125.0 million that would have matured on June 30, 2007. On March 30, 2007, we refinanced this short-term facility by entering into an unsecured revolving credit facility with four multinational banks that matures on March 30, 2012 (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility may be used for general corporate purposes, including repurchases of our common stock and business acquisitions. The applicable interest rates generally range from 0.375% to 0.875% above the London interbank rate or the Canadian Dollar-denominated bankers’ acceptance rate, dependent on our leverage ratio. Under the Credit Facility, we pay quarterly commitment fees of 0.08% to 0.20%, dependent on our leverage ratio, on any unused commitment. The Credit Facility contains financial and other affirmative and negative covenants, as well as customary events of default, that would allow any amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility to be accelerated, or restrict our ability to borrow thereunder, in the event of noncompliance. The financial covenant requires our ratio of debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as defined by the agreement, not to exceed 3-to-1. At September 30, 2007, we had $77.2 million outstanding under the Credit Facility.
The board of directors has authorized the repurchase of up to 18,000,000 shares of our common stock in the open market or in negotiated transactions. From the inception of the program in August 1999 to September 30, 2007, we repurchased 16,415,000 shares. We believe that the repurchase of our common stock is a favorable investment and we also repurchase to offset the dilutive effect of our employee share-based compensation programs. Repurchases of our common stock may vary depending upon the level of other investing activities and the share price. See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our share repurchases.
Other Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Significant commitments, contingencies and guarantees at September 30, 2007 are consistent with those discussed in the section captioned “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Liquidity and Capital Resources,” and in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, except as described below and in Note 11 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
We have commitments outstanding at September 30, 2007 for additional purchase price payments of up to $3.5 million in connection with acquisitions of businesses and intangible assets during the current and prior periods, of which $0.8 million is contingent on the achievement by certain acquired businesses of specified milestones. We also have agreed to make additional payments of up to $0.8 million to sellers of certain acquired businesses that are conditional upon those sellers providing future services to IDEXX for specified periods of time.

 

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our financial market risk consists primarily of foreign currency exchange rate risk. We operate subsidiaries in 17 foreign countries and transact business in local currencies. We attempt to hedge the majority of our cash flow on intercompany sales to minimize foreign currency exposure.
Our hedging strategy is consistent with prior periods and there were no material changes in our market risk exposure during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. We enter into currency exchange contracts for amounts that are less than the full value of forecasted intercompany sales and for amounts that are equivalent to, or less than, other specific, significant transactions, thus no significant ineffectiveness has resulted or been recorded through the statements of income. Our hedging strategy related to intercompany inventory purchases provides that we employ the full amount of our hedges for the succeeding year at the conclusion of our budgeting process for that year, which is complete by the end of the preceding year. Quarterly, we enter into contracts to hedge incremental portions of anticipated foreign currency transactions for the following year. Accordingly, our risk with respect to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations may vary throughout each annual cycle. At September 30, 2007, we had $3.0 million in net unrealized losses on foreign exchange contracts designated as hedges recorded in other comprehensive income, which is net of $1.4 million in taxes.
For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk affecting IDEXX, see Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. As of the date of this report, there have been no material changes to the market risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for December 31, 2006.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures, as defined by the SEC in its Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2007, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to achieve their stated purpose.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended September 30, 2007 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On June 30, 2006, Cyntegra, Inc. filed suit against us in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California alleging that we had violated U.S. federal antitrust laws and California state unfair trade practices laws. The complaint alleged, among other things, that we were monopolizing the U.S. market for companion animal diagnostic products. On October 26, 2007, the Court granted summary judgment in our favor on all of Cyntegra’s claims and dismissed the suit. In the event that Cyntegra appeals the decision of the Court, we will continue to defend ourselves vigorously, as we believe Cyntegra’s claims are without merit.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our future operating results involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual events or results may differ materially from those discussed in this report. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, the factors discussed below, as well as those discussed elsewhere in this report.
We May Be Unsuccessful in Maintaining Our Growth Rate
Our ability to maintain our growth rate depends on our successful implementation of various strategies, including:
  Developing, manufacturing and marketing innovative new products with new features, functions and capabilities, including in-house laboratory analyzers such as Catalyst Dx™ and SNAPshot Dx™, rapid assay and other specialized diagnostic tests and services, water testing products, production animal diagnostic products, and companion animal veterinary pharmaceuticals, as well as improving and enhancing existing products;
  Developing and implementing new technology and licensing strategies; and identifying, completing and integrating acquisitions that enhance our existing businesses or create new business areas for us;
  Increasing the value to our customers of our companion animal products and services by enhancing the integration of these products, including the interoperability among the IDEXX VetLab® instrument suite, Cornerstone® practice information management system, IDEXX VetLab® Station, IDEXX-PACS™ software and IDEXX Reference Laboratories;
  Expanding our market by expanding the installed base of our instrumentation through customer acquisition and retention and increasing use of our products by our customers; and
  Strengthening our sales and marketing activities both within the U.S. and in geographies outside of the U.S.
However, we may not be able to successfully implement some or all of these strategies and increase or sustain our rate of growth or profitability.
Various Government Regulations Could Limit or Delay Our Ability to Market and Sell Our Products
In the U.S., the manufacture and sale of our products are regulated by agencies such as the United States Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”). Most diagnostic tests for animal health applications, including our canine, feline, poultry and livestock tests, must be approved by the USDA prior to sale. Our water testing products must be approved by the EPA before they can be used by customers in the U.S. as a part of a water quality monitoring program required by the EPA. Our pharmaceutical and dairy testing products require approval by the FDA. The manufacture and sale of our OPTI® line of human point-of-care electrolytes and blood gas analyzers are regulated by the FDA and require approval by the FDA before they may be sold commercially. The manufacture and sale of our products are subject to similar laws in many foreign countries. Any failure to comply with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the manufacture and sale of our products in the U.S. or in other countries could result in fines and sanctions against us or removals of our products from the market, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

 

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Our Dependence on a Limited Number of Suppliers Could Limit Our Ability to Sell Certain Products or Reduce Our Profitability
We currently purchase many products and materials from single sources or a limited number of sources. Some of the products that we purchase from these sources are proprietary, and, therefore, cannot be readily or easily replaced by alternative sources. These products include our VetAutoread™ hematology, VetLyte® electrolyte and IDEXX VetLab® UA™ (urinalysis) analyzers and related consumables and accessories; the consumables associated with our VetTest® chemistry analyzers; image capture plates used in our digital radiography system; active ingredients for pharmaceutical products; and certain components of our SNAP® rapid assay devices, water testing products and LaserCyte® hematology analyzers. If we are unable to obtain adequate quantities of these products in the future, we could face cost increases or reductions, or delays or discontinuations in product shipments, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our Biologic Products Are Complex and Difficult to Manufacture, Which Could Negatively Affect Our Ability to Supply the Market
Many of our rapid assay and production animal diagnostic products are biologics, which are products that are comprised of materials from living organisms, such as antibodies, cells and sera. Manufacturing biologic products is highly complex. Unlike products that rely on chemicals for efficacy (such as most pharmaceuticals), biologics are difficult to characterize due to the inherent variability of biological input materials. Difficulty in characterizing biological materials or their interactions creates greater risk in the manufacturing process. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain adequate sources of biological materials or that biological materials that we maintain in inventory will yield finished products that satisfy applicable product release criteria. Our inability to obtain necessary biological materials or to successfully manufacture biologic products that incorporate such materials could result in our inability to supply the market with these products, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We May be Required to Discontinue Sales of One of Our Veterinary Pharmaceutical Products
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, 2% of CAG revenue was attributable to sales of our highest-selling pharmaceutical product. This product is sold under the FDA’s regulatory discretion and we believe that the FDA would require us to discontinue sales of the product within a short period if and when the FDA approves another product to treat the same condition, whether such new product was our product or that of another commercial supplier. In addition, we have a finite inventory of the raw materials used in the manufacture of this product, and these raw materials are no longer commercially available. We believe that our remaining inventory of raw materials will be adequate to satisfy existing market demand until late 2008 or early 2009. We have, in advanced development and clinical trials, a new product for the same application based on different raw materials and we intend to seek FDA approval of this product. FDA approval of this new product would mitigate the commercial risk that we would be required to stop selling our current product due either to FDA approval of another manufacturer’s product or to the full depletion of our inventory of raw materials. While we hope to smoothly transition to our new product, we cannot predict when or if the FDA will approve our new product or any product that treats the same condition from another manufacturer. Further, there can be no assurances that the new product would achieve the same revenue and profitability as our existing product.
Our Minimum Purchase Obligations Under Certain Agreements Could Reduce Our Profitability
We purchase the slides sold for use in our VetTest® chemistry analyzers under an agreement with Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. that, as of September 30, 2007, required us to purchase a minimum of $35.4 million of slides through 2010. We also have minimum purchase commitments under the terms of certain other supply agreements that commit us to future payments. If demand for any of the products purchased under these agreements is insufficient to support our minimum purchase obligations for those products, we could incur losses related to those obligations. In addition, because we purchase the products at predetermined prices, our profits on sales of these products could decline if we are unable to maintain current pricing levels for such products.
Our Success Is Heavily Dependent Upon Our Proprietary Technologies
We rely on a combination of patent, trade secret, trademark and copyright laws to protect our proprietary rights. If we do not have adequate protection of our proprietary rights, our business may be affected by competitors who develop substantially equivalent technologies that compete with us.

 

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We cannot ensure that we will obtain issued patents, that any patents issued or licensed to us will remain valid, or that any patents owned or licensed by us will provide protection against competitors with similar technologies. Even if our patents cover products sold by our competitors, the time and expense of litigating to enforce our patent rights could be substantial, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, expiration of patent rights could result in substantial new competition in the markets for products previously covered by those patent rights. In this regard, we expect that revenues and profits associated with sales of our SNAP® FIV/FeLV tests are likely to decline following the expiration in July 2009 of a U.S. patent that we exclusively license that broadly covers products that diagnose feline immunodeficiency virus.
In the past, we have received notices claiming that our products infringe third-party patents and we may receive such notices in the future. Patent litigation is complex and expensive, and the outcome of patent litigation can be difficult to predict. We cannot ensure that we will win a patent litigation case or negotiate an acceptable resolution of such a case. If we lose, we may be stopped from selling certain products and/or we may be required to pay damages and/or ongoing royalties as a result of the lawsuit. Any such adverse result could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Distributor Purchasing Patterns Could Negatively Affect Our Operating Results
We sell many of our products, including substantially all of the rapid assays and instrument consumables sold in the U.S., through distributors. Distributor purchasing patterns can be unpredictable and may be influenced by factors unrelated to the end-user demand for our products. In addition, our agreements with distributors may generally be terminated by the distributors for any reason on 60 days notice. Because significant product sales are made to a limited number of distributors, the loss of a distributor or unanticipated changes in the frequency, timing or size of distributor purchases, could have a negative effect on our results of operations. Our financial performance, therefore, is subject to an unexpected downturn in product demand and may be unpredictable.
Distributors of veterinary products have entered into business combinations resulting in fewer distribution companies. Consolidation within distribution channels would increase our customer concentration level, which could increase the risks described in the preceding paragraph.
Increased Competition and Technological Advances by Our Competitors Could Negatively Affect Our Operating Results
We face intense competition within the markets in which we sell our products and services. We expect that future competition will become even more intense, and that we will have to compete with changing and improving technologies. Competitors may develop products that that are superior to our products, and as a result, we may lose existing customers and market share. Some of our competitors and potential competitors, including large pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies, have substantially greater financial resources than us, and greater experience in manufacturing, marketing, research and development, obtaining regulatory approvals and conducting clinical trials than we do.
Changes in Testing Could Negatively Affect Our Operating Results
The market for our companion and production animal diagnostic tests and our dairy and water testing products could be negatively impacted by a number of factors. The introduction or broad market acceptance of vaccines or preventatives for the diseases and conditions for which we sell diagnostic tests and services could result in a decline in testing. Eradication or substantial declines in the prevalence of certain diseases also could lead to a decline in diagnostic testing for such diseases. Our production animal products business in particular is subject to fluctuations resulting from changes in disease prevalence. In addition, changes in government regulations could negatively affect sales of our products that are driven by compliance testing, such as our dairy and water products. Declines in testing for any of the reasons described could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
On December 29, 2006, the Drinking Water Inspectorate in the U.K. published a proposal to discontinue the regulation that requires testing water supplies for Cryptosporidia. Subsequently, regulatory changes were approved and will become effective January 1, 2009. Beginning in 2009, we believe that we will lose a substantial portion of our sales of Filta-Max® products in England and Wales, which were $2.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2006.

 

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Consolidation of Veterinary Hospitals in the U.S. Could Negatively Affect Our Business
An increasing percentage of veterinary hospitals in the U.S. is owned by corporations that are in the business of acquiring veterinary hospitals and/or opening new veterinary hospitals nationally or regionally. Major corporate hospital owners include VCA/Antech, Inc. and Banfield, The Pet Hospital, both of which are currently customers of IDEXX. Corporate owners of veterinary hospitals could attempt to improve profitability by leveraging the buying power they derive from their scale to obtain favorable pricing from suppliers, which could have a negative impact on our results. In addition, VCA/Antech is our primary competitor in the U.S. market for reference laboratory services, and hospitals acquired by VCA/Antech will use its laboratory services almost exclusively. Therefore, hospitals acquired by VCA/Antech generally will cease to be customers or potential customers of our reference laboratories business and may also discontinue purchases of other IDEXX products and services.
Our Inexperience in the Human Point-of-Care Market Could Inhibit Our Success in this Market
Upon acquiring the Critical Care Division of Osmetech plc in January 2007, we entered the human point-of-care medical diagnostics market for the first time with the sale of the OPTI® line of electrolyte and blood gas analyzers. The human point-of-care medical diagnostics market differs in many respects from the veterinary medical market. Significant differences include the impact of third party reimbursement on diagnostic testing, more extensive regulation, greater product liability risks, larger competitors, a more segmented customer base, and more rapid technological innovation. Our inexperience in the human point-of-care medical diagnostics market could negatively affect our ability to successfully manage the risks and features of this market that differ from the veterinary medical market. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in achieving growth and profitability in the human point-of-care medical diagnostics market comparable to the results we have achieved in the veterinary medical market.
Risks Associated with Doing Business Internationally Could Negatively Affect Our Operating Results
For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, 39% of our revenue was attributable to sales of products and services to customers outside the U.S. Various risks associated with foreign operations may impact our international sales. Possible risks include fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies, disruptions in transportation of our products, the differing product and service needs of foreign customers, difficulties in building and managing foreign operations, import/export duties and quotas, and unexpected regulatory, economic or political changes in foreign markets. Prices that we charge to foreign customers may be different than the prices we charge for the same products in the U.S. due to competitive, market or other factors. As a result, the mix of domestic and international sales in a particular period could have a material impact on our results for that period. In addition, many of the products for which our selling price may be denominated in foreign currencies are manufactured, sourced, or both, in the U.S. and our costs are incurred in U.S. dollars. We utilize non-speculative forward currency exchange contracts to mitigate foreign currency exposure. However, an appreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the foreign currencies in which we sell these products would reduce our operating margins.
The Loss of Our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman Could Adversely Affect Our Business
We rely on the management and leadership of Jonathan W. Ayers, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman. We do not maintain key man life insurance coverage for Mr. Ayers. The loss of Mr. Ayers could have a material adverse impact on our business.
We Could Be Subject to Class Action Litigation Due to Stock Price Volatility, which, if it Occurs, Could Result in Substantial Costs or Large Judgments Against Us
The market for our common stock may experience extreme price and volume fluctuations, which may be unrelated or disproportionate to our operating performance or prospects. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market prices of their securities. We may be the target of similar litigation in the future. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, which could have a negative effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
If Our Quarterly Results of Operations Fluctuate, This Fluctuation May Cause Our Stock Price to Decline, Resulting in Losses to You
Our prior operating results have fluctuated due to a number of factors, including seasonality of certain product lines; changes in our accounting estimates; the impact of acquisitions; timing of distributor purchases, product launches, research and development expenditures, litigation and claim-related expenditures; changes in competitors’ product offerings; and other matters. Similarly, our future operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to these and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If our operating results or projections of future operating results do not meet the expectations of market analysts or investors in future periods, our stock price may fall.

 

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Future Operating Results Could Be Negatively Affected By the Resolution of Various Uncertain Tax Positions and by Potential Changes to Tax Incentives
In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes and our income tax filings are regularly under audit by tax authorities. The final determination of tax audits could be materially different than that which is reflected in historical income tax provisions and accruals. Additionally, we benefit from certain tax incentives offered by various jurisdictions. If we are unable to meet the requirements of such incentives, our inability to use these benefits could have a material negative effect on future earnings.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we repurchased common shares as described below:
                 
          Total Number of    
          Shares Purchased as  Maximum Number of 
          Part of Publicly  Shares that May Yet Be 
  Total Number of  Average Price  Announced Plans or  Purchased Under the 
  Shares Purchased  Paid per Share  Programs  Plans or Programs 
Period (a)  (b)  (c)  (d) 
 
                
July 1, 2007 to July 31, 2007
  25,927  $94.72   25,927   1,629,221 
August 1, 2007 to August 31, 2007
  44,071   106.01   44,071   1,585,150 
September 1, 2007 to September 30, 2007
  203   111.79      1,585,150 
 
              
Total
  70,201  $101.85   69,998     
 
              
Our board of directors has approved the repurchase of up to 18,000,000 shares of our common stock in the open market or in negotiated transactions. The plan was approved and announced on August 13, 1999, and subsequently amended on October 4, 1999, July 21, 2000, October 20, 2003, October 12, 2004, October 12, 2005, and February 14, 2007, and does not have a specified expiration date. There were no other repurchase plans outstanding during the three months ended September 30, 2007, and no repurchase plans expired during the period. Repurchases of 69,998 shares were made during the three months ended September 30, 2007 in open market transactions.
During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we received 203 shares of our common stock that were surrendered by employees in payment for the minimum required withholding taxes due on the vesting of restricted stock units. In the above table, these shares are included in columns (a) and (b), but excluded from columns (c) and (d).

 

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Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
 31.1 Certification by Chief Executive Officer.
 
 31.2 Certification by Corporate Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer.
 
 32.1 Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 32.2 Certification by Corporate Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
   
 
 IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.
 
  
 
 /s/ Merilee Raines
 
  
October 31, 2007
 Merilee Raines
 
 Corporate Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
 
 Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)

 

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Exhibit Index
   
Exhibit No. Description
 
  
31.1
 Certification by Chief Executive Officer.
 
  
31.2
 Certification by Corporate Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer.
 
  
32.1
 Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
  
32.2
 Certification by Corporate Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.