Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, INC.
SIMON PROPERTY GROUP, L.P.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware(Simon Property Group, Inc.)Delaware(Simon Property Group, L.P.)(State of incorporationor organization)
001-14469(Simon Property Group, Inc.)001-36110(Simon Property Group, L.P.)(Commission File No.)
04-6268599(Simon Property Group, Inc.)34-1755769(Simon Property Group, L.P.)(I.R.S. EmployerIdentification No.)
225 West Washington StreetIndianapolis, Indiana 46204(Address of principal executive offices)
(317) 636-1600(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbols
Name of each exchange on which registered
Simon Property Group, Inc.
Common stock, $0.0001 par value
SPG
New York Stock Exchange
83/8% Series J Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value
SPGJ
Simon Property Group, L.P.
2.375% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2020
SPG/20
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Simon Property Group, Inc. Yes ⌧ No ◻
Simon Property Group, L.P. Yes ⌧ No ◻
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Simon Property Group, Inc.:
Large accelerated filer ⌧
Accelerated filer ◻
Non-accelerated filer ◻
Smaller reporting company ◻
Emerging growth company ◻
Simon Property Group, L.P.:
Large accelerated filer ◻
Non-accelerated filer ⌧
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Simon Property Group, Inc. ◻
Simon Property Group, L.P. ◻
Indicate by check mark whether Registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Simon Property Group, Inc. Yes ◻ No ⌧
Simon Property Group, L.P. Yes ◻ No ⌧
As of September 30, 2019, Simon Property Group, Inc. had 306,860,960 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 8,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding. Simon Property Group, L.P. has no common stock outstanding.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This report combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 of Simon Property Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Simon Property Group, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “Simon” mean Simon Property Group, Inc. and references to the “Operating Partnership” mean Simon Property Group, L.P. References to “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively Simon, the Operating Partnership and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by Simon and/or the Operating Partnership.
Simon is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. We are structured as an umbrella partnership REIT under which substantially all of our business is conducted through the Operating Partnership, Simon’s majority-owned partnership subsidiary, for which Simon is the general partner. As of September 30, 2019, Simon owned an approximate 86.8% ownership interest in the Operating Partnership, with the remaining 13.2% ownership interest owned by limited partners. As the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, Simon has exclusive control of the Operating Partnership’s day-to-day management.
We operate Simon and the Operating Partnership as one business. The management of Simon consists of the same members as the management of the Operating Partnership. As general partner with control of the Operating Partnership, Simon consolidates the Operating Partnership for financial reporting purposes, and Simon has no material assets or liabilities other than its investment in the Operating Partnership. Therefore, the assets and liabilities of Simon and the Operating Partnership are the same on their respective financial statements.
We believe that combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of Simon and the Operating Partnership into this single report provides the following benefits:
We believe it is important for investors to understand the few differences between Simon and the Operating Partnership in the context of how we operate as a consolidated company. The primary difference is that Simon itself does not conduct business, other than acting as the general partner of the Operating Partnership and issuing equity or equity-related instruments from time to time. In addition, Simon itself does not incur any indebtedness, as all debt is incurred by the Operating Partnership or entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by the Operating Partnership.
The Operating Partnership holds, directly or indirectly, substantially all of our assets, including our ownership interests in our joint ventures. The Operating Partnership conducts substantially all of our business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from equity issuances by Simon, which are contributed to the capital of the Operating Partnership in exchange for, in the case of common stock issuances by Simon, common units of partnership interest in the Operating Partnership, or units, or, in the case of preferred stock issuances by Simon, preferred units of partnership interest in the Operating Partnership, or preferred units, the Operating Partnership, directly or indirectly, generates the capital required by our business through its operations, the incurrence of indebtedness, proceeds received from the disposition of certain properties and joint ventures and the issuance of units or preferred units to third parties.
The presentation of stockholders’ equity, partners’ equity and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of Simon and those of the Operating Partnership. The differences between stockholders’ equity and partners’ equity result from differences in the equity issued at the Simon and Operating Partnership levels. The units held by limited partners in the Operating Partnership are accounted for as partners’ equity in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in Simon’s financial statements. The noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements include the interests of unaffiliated partners in various consolidated partnerships. The noncontrolling interests in Simon’s financial statements include the same noncontrolling interests at the Operating Partnership level and, as previously stated, the units held by limited partners of the Operating Partnership. Although classified differently, total equity of Simon and the Operating Partnership is the same.
To help investors understand the differences between Simon and the Operating Partnership, this report provides:
2
This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4. Controls and Procedures sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for each of Simon and the Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that Simon and the Operating Partnership are each compliant with Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. §1350. The separate discussions of Simon and the Operating Partnership in this report should be read in conjunction with each other to understand our results on a consolidated basis and how management operates our business.
In order to highlight the differences between Simon and the Operating Partnership, the separate sections in this report for Simon and the Operating Partnership specifically refer to Simon and the Operating Partnership. In the sections that combine disclosure of Simon and the Operating Partnership, this report refers to actions or holdings of Simon and the Operating Partnership as being “our” actions or holdings. Although the Operating Partnership is generally the entity that directly or indirectly enters into contracts and joint ventures, holds assets and incurs debt, we believe that references to “we,” “us” or “our” in this context is appropriate because the business is one enterprise and we operate substantially all of our business through the Operating Partnership.
3
Form 10-Q
INDEX
Page
Part I — Financial Information
Item 1.
Consolidated Financial Statements of Simon Property Group, Inc. (Unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
5
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
7
Consolidated Statements of Equity at September 30, 2019 and 2018
8
Consolidated Financial Statements of Simon Property Group, L.P. (Unaudited)
10
11
12
13
Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
15
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
35
Item 3.
Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk
48
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
Part II — Other Information
Legal Proceedings
49
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
50
Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5.
Other Information
Item 6.
Exhibits
51
Signatures
52
4
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)
September 30,
December 31,
2019
2018
ASSETS:
Investment properties, at cost
$
37,590,061
37,092,670
Less - accumulated depreciation
13,707,832
12,884,539
23,882,229
24,208,131
Cash and cash equivalents
3,647,230
514,335
Tenant receivables and accrued revenue, net
775,617
763,815
Investment in unconsolidated entities, at equity
2,121,558
2,220,414
Investment in Klépierre, at equity
1,614,109
1,769,488
Deferred costs and other assets
1,803,483
1,210,040
Total assets
33,844,226
30,686,223
LIABILITIES:
Mortgages and unsecured indebtedness
26,643,879
23,305,535
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, and deferred revenues
1,324,110
1,316,861
Cash distributions and losses in unconsolidated entities, at equity
1,568,150
1,536,111
Other liabilities
1,001,048
500,597
Total liabilities
30,537,187
26,659,104
Commitments and contingencies
Limited partners’ preferred interest in the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
226,887
230,163
EQUITY:
Stockholders’ Equity
Capital stock (850,000,000 total shares authorized, $0.0001 par value, 238,000,000 shares of excess common stock, 100,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock):
Series J 83/8% cumulative redeemable preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 796,948 issued and outstanding with a liquidation value of $39,847
42,502
42,748
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 511,990,000 shares authorized, 320,435,256 and 320,411,571 issued and outstanding, respectively
32
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, 8,000 issued and outstanding
—
Capital in excess of par value
9,748,255
9,700,418
Accumulated deficit
(5,223,093)
(4,893,069)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(121,596)
(126,017)
Common stock held in treasury, at cost, 13,574,296 and 11,402,103 shares, respectively
(1,773,571)
(1,427,431)
Total stockholders’ equity
2,672,529
3,296,681
Noncontrolling interests
407,623
500,275
Total equity
3,080,152
3,796,956
Total liabilities and equity
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
For the Three Months Ended
For the Nine Months Ended
REVENUE:
Lease income
1,308,908
1,284,674
3,887,532
3,811,265
Management fees and other revenues
27,976
28,784
83,768
85,506
Other income
79,670
90,563
295,274
286,491
Total revenue
1,416,554
1,404,021
4,266,574
4,183,262
EXPENSES:
Property operating
121,735
119,021
339,404
335,420
Depreciation and amortization
334,944
316,175
1,016,193
953,309
Real estate taxes
118,031
119,315
349,404
344,950
Repairs and maintenance
23,979
23,632
73,752
73,507
Advertising and promotion
36,583
36,688
109,128
107,979
Home and regional office costs
45,865
32,714
144,892
106,093
General and administrative
8,032
12,172
27,528
35,713
Other
22,083
21,461
75,318
70,505
Total operating expenses
711,252
681,178
2,135,619
2,027,476
OPERATING INCOME BEFORE OTHER ITEMS
705,302
722,843
2,130,955
2,155,786
Interest expense
(202,382)
(199,469)
(599,541)
(611,585)
Income and other taxes
(6,197)
(10,118)
(23,309)
(26,475)
Income from unconsolidated entities
119,706
134,408
316,691
325,263
Unrealized gains (losses) in fair value of equity instruments
2,154
(5,452)
(4,846)
1,212
Gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net
10,141
-
12,822
144,949
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME
628,724
642,212
1,832,772
1,989,150
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
83,636
85,111
242,216
262,722
Preferred dividends
834
2,503
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
544,254
556,267
1,588,053
1,723,925
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:
Net income attributable to common stockholders
1.77
1.80
5.15
5.57
Consolidated Net Income
Unrealized gain on derivative hedge agreements
12,907
5,241
15,227
20,355
Net loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings
1,087
1,591
3,261
5,929
Currency translation adjustments
(6,288)
(10,763)
(14,656)
(35,797)
Changes in available-for-sale securities and other
468
(22)
1,151
(88)
Comprehensive income
636,898
638,259
1,837,755
1,979,549
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
84,662
84,466
242,778
261,260
Comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders
552,236
553,793
1,594,977
1,718,289
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities
1,055,107
1,009,671
(12,822)
(144,949)
Unrealized losses (gains) in fair value of equity instruments
4,846
(1,212)
Gain on interest in unconsolidated entity (Note 6)
(35,621)
Straight-line lease income
(49,680)
(14,923)
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities
(316,691)
(325,263)
Distributions of income from unconsolidated entities
334,625
289,411
Changes in assets and liabilities
25,720
27,668
(33,340)
(74,922)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, deferred revenues and other liabilities
7,659
32,156
Net cash provided by operating activities
2,848,196
2,751,166
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Acquisitions
(12,800)
Funding of loans to related parties
(4,641)
Capital expenditures, net
(622,687)
(585,957)
Cash impact from the consolidation of properties
1,045
11,276
Net proceeds from sale of assets
6,776
Investments in unconsolidated entities
(42,353)
(51,883)
Purchase of marketable and non-marketable securities
(134,372)
(23,273)
Insurance proceeds for property restoration
3,787
16,160
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities and other
214,541
428,862
Net cash used in investing activities
(586,063)
(209,456)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from sales of common stock and other, net of transaction costs
(246)
(247)
Purchase of shares related to stock grant recipients' tax withholdings
(2,955)
(2,911)
Redemption of limited partner units
(4,549)
(7,619)
Purchase of treasury stock
(359,773)
(307,296)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest holders in properties
(5,931)
(11,524)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest holders in properties
106
161
Preferred distributions of the Operating Partnership
(1,436)
Distributions to stockholders and preferred dividends
(1,913,666)
(1,829,610)
Distributions to limited partners
(290,262)
(276,530)
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of transaction costs
10,893,698
5,895,653
Repayments of debt
(7,444,224)
(6,786,942)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
870,762
(3,328,301)
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
3,132,895
(786,591)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period
1,482,309
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period
695,718
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Equity
Accumulated
Common
Capital in
Stock
Preferred
Comprehensive
Excess of
Held in
Noncontrolling
Total
Income (Loss)
Par Value
Deficit
Treasury
interests
Equity
January 1, 2019
Exchange of limited partner units (24,000 common shares, note 8)
253
(253)
Series J preferred stock premium amortization
(82)
Redemption of limited partner units (774 units)
(127)
(8)
(135)
Amortization of stock incentive
1,309
Treasury stock purchase (46,377 shares)
(7,628)
Long-term incentive performance units
3,701
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (1,483 common shares repurchased)
1
(1,507)
(250)
(2)
(1,758)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative hedge agreements
8,115
1,227
9,342
945
143
1,088
(4,130)
(614)
(4,744)
125
19
144
Other comprehensive income
5,055
775
5,830
Adjustment to limited partners’ interest from change in ownership in the Operating Partnership
4,167
(4,167)
Distributions to common stockholders and limited partners, excluding Operating Partnership preferred interests
(634,222)
(96,010)
(730,232)
Distributions to other noncontrolling interest partners
(552)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $1,065 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
549,309
83,224
632,533
March 31, 2019
42,666
(120,962)
9,706,021
(4,979,489)
(1,435,309)
486,983
3,699,942
Stock incentive program (89,368 common shares, net)
(16,340)
16,340
5,098
Treasury stock purchase (1,046,580 shares)
(173,630)
7,721
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (14,853 common shares repurchased)
(5,265)
(2,706)
70
(7,890)
(6,113)
(909)
(7,022)
942
1,086
(3,078)
(545)
(3,623)
71
539
(7,781)
(1,239)
(9,020)
28,588
(28,588)
(633,686)
(95,977)
(729,663)
(455)
Net income, excluding $478 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $28 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
496,159
75,492
571,651
June 30, 2019
42,584
(128,743)
9,723,378
(5,122,281)
(1,595,305)
444,007
3,363,672
Stock incentive program (1,534 common shares, net)
(249)
249
Redemption of limited partner units (27,214 units)
(4,160)
(254)
(4,414)
3,042
Treasury stock purchase (1,154,117 shares)
(178,515)
4,664
Issuance of unit equivalents and other
(143)
(101)
11,186
1,721
943
(5,388)
(901)
(6,289)
406
62
7,147
1,026
8,173
26,237
(26,237)
(645,757)
(98,275)
(744,032)
(495)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and $5 attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
545,088
83,152
628,240
September 30, 2019
January 1, 2018
43,077
(110,453)
9,614,748
(4,782,173)
(1,079,063)
552,596
4,238,764
Exchange of limited partner units (6,000 common shares, note 8)
(70)
(83)
Stock incentive program (236 common shares, net)
(37)
37
Redemption of limited partner units (40,503 units)
(5,793)
(474)
(6,267)
2,060
Treasury stock purchase (1,473,588 shares)
(227,901)
8,307
Cumulative effect of accounting change
7,264
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (1,608 common shares repurchased)
(14,935)
(276)
24
(15,184)
(5,342)
(804)
(6,146)
1,870
283
2,153
11,429
1,663
13,092
(251)
(38)
(289)
7,706
1,104
8,810
36,221
(36,221)
(606,086)
(91,523)
(697,609)
(489)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and a $619 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
621,488
94,176
715,664
March 31, 2018
42,994
(102,747)
9,647,272
(4,774,442)
(1,307,203)
527,430
4,033,336
Stock incentive program (51,520 common shares, net)
(8,614)
8,614
Redemption of limited partner units (8,716 units)
(1,254)
(98)
(1,352)
3,912
Treasury stock purchase (514,659 shares)
(79,395)
7,462
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (17,072 common shares repurchased)
(3,141)
(2,635)
90
(5,688)
18,462
2,797
21,259
1,898
288
2,186
(33,092)
(5,034)
(38,126)
194
29
223
(12,538)
(1,920)
(14,458)
16,496
(16,496)
(604,082)
(91,426)
(695,508)
(475)
Net income, excluding $478 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and $60 attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
547,839
83,037
630,876
June 30, 2018
42,912
(115,285)
9,657,810
(4,833,826)
(1,380,619)
507,604
3,878,628
Exchange of limited partner units (86,732 common shares, Note 10)
934
(934)
Issuance of limited partner units (475,183 units)
84,103
2,987
7,885
(1)
(587)
47
(541)
4,525
716
1,376
215
(9,190)
(1,573)
(19)
(3)
(3,308)
(645)
(3,953)
74,990
(74,990)
(619,442)
(93,581)
(713,023)
(56)
Net income, excluding $479 attributable to preferred interests in the Operating Partnership and $180 attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
557,101
84,452
641,553
September 30, 2018
42,830
(118,593)
9,736,720
(4,896,754)
513,885
3,897,501
9
(Dollars in thousands, except unit amounts)
Less — accumulated depreciation
Preferred units, various series, at liquidation value, and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
Partners’ Equity
Preferred units, 796,948 units outstanding. Liquidation value of $39,847
General Partner, 306,868,960 and 309,017,468 units outstanding, respectively
2,630,027
3,253,933
Limited Partners, 46,755,384 and 46,807,372 units outstanding, respectively
400,716
492,877
Total partners’ equity
3,073,245
3,789,558
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests in properties, net
6,907
7,398
(Dollars in thousands, except per unit amounts)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
337
497
(181)
684
Preferred unit requirements
1,313
3,939
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO UNITHOLDERS
627,074
640,402
1,829,014
1,984,527
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO UNITHOLDERS ATTRIBUTABLE TO:
General Partner
Limited Partners
82,820
84,135
240,961
260,602
Net income attributable to unitholders
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER UNIT:
333
318
907
1,063
Comprehensive income attributable to unitholders
636,565
637,941
1,836,848
1,978,486
Issuance of units and other
Purchase of units related to stock grant recipients' tax withholdings
Purchase of general partner units
Partnership distributions
(2,205,364)
(2,107,576)
Mortgage and unsecured indebtedness proceeds, net of transaction costs
Mortgage and unsecured indebtedness principal payments
Simon (Managing
Limited
Units
General Partner)
Partners
Series J preferred stock premium and amortization
Limited partner units exchanged to common units (24,000 units)
Treasury unit purchase (46,377 units)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (1,483 common units)
(1,756)
Distributions to limited partners, excluding preferred interests classified as temporary equity
(834)
(633,388)
(730,784)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and a $1,065 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
548,475
83,076
148
3,170,293
479,989
6,994
Stock incentive program (89,368 common units, net)
Treasury unit purchase (1,046,580 units)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (14,853 units)
(7,960)
69
(835)
(632,851)
(730,118)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $478 and a $28 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
835
495,324
75,066
426
2,877,081
436,973
7,034
Stock incentive program (1,534 common units, net)
Treasury unit purchase (1,154,117 units)
(136)
(644,923)
(744,527)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and $5 attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
82,819
3,643,091
548,858
3,738
Limited partner units exchanged to common units (6,000 units)
Stock incentive program (236 common units, net)
Treasury unit purchase (1,473,588 units)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (1,608 common units)
(15,208)
(605,252)
(698,098)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and a $619 loss attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
620,654
93,649
527
3,462,912
523,630
3,800
Stock incentive program (51,520 common units, net)
Treasury unit purchase (514,659 units)
Issuance of unit equivalents and other (17,072 common units)
(5,778)
89
(603,247)
(695,983)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $478 and $60 attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
547,004
218
3,328,112
503,972
3,632
Limited partner units exchanged to common units (86,732 units)
(588)
(618,608)
(713,079)
Net income, excluding preferred distributions on temporary equity preferred units of $479 and $180 attributable to noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
84,134
3,340,786
509,943
3,942
14
Simon Property Group, Inc.Simon Property Group, L.P.Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements(Unaudited)(Dollars in thousands, except share, per share, unit and per unit amountsand where indicated in millions or billions)
1. Organization
Simon Property Group, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that operates as a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. REITs will generally not be liable for U.S. federal corporate income taxes as long as they distribute not less than 100% of their REIT taxable income. Simon Property Group, L.P. is our majority-owned Delaware partnership subsidiary that owns all of our real estate properties and other assets. According to the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is required to pay all expenses of Simon. In these condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements, unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to "Simon" mean Simon Property Group, Inc. and references to the "Operating Partnership" mean Simon Property Group, L.P. References to "we," "us" and "our" mean collectively Simon, the Operating Partnership and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by Simon and/or the Operating Partnership. Unless otherwise indicated, these condensed notes to consolidated financial statements apply to both Simon and the Operating Partnership.
We own, develop and manage premier shopping, dining, entertainment and mixed-use destinations, which consist primarily of malls, Premium Outlets®, and The Mills®. As of September 30, 2019, we owned or held an interest in 204 income-producing properties in the United States, which consisted of 106 malls, 69 Premium Outlets, 14 Mills, four lifestyle centers, and 11 other retail properties in 37 states and Puerto Rico. Internationally, as of September 30, 2019, we had ownership in 29 Premium Outlets and Designer Outlet properties primarily located in Asia, Europe, and Canada. As of September 30, 2019, we also owned a 21.9% equity stake in Klépierre SA, or Klépierre, a publicly traded, Paris-based real estate company which owns, or has an interest in, shopping centers located in 16 countries in Europe.
2. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all controlled subsidiaries, and all significant intercompany amounts have been eliminated. Due to the seasonal nature of certain operational activities, the results for the interim periods ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and include all of the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) for interim reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation (including normal recurring accruals) have been included. The consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in the combined 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership. Certain reclassifications considered necessary for a fair presentation have been made to the prior period financial statements in order to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications have not changed the results of operations.
As of September 30, 2019, we consolidated 133 wholly-owned properties and 18 additional properties that are less than wholly-owned, but which we control or for which we are the primary beneficiary. We account for the remaining 82 properties, or the joint venture properties, as well as our investments in Klépierre, Aéropostale, Authentic Brands Group, LLC, or ABG, and HBS Global Properties, or HBS, using the equity method of accounting, as we have determined we have significant influence over their operations. We manage the day-to-day operations of 57 of the 82 joint venture properties, but have determined that our partner or partners have substantive participating rights with respect to the assets and operations of these joint venture properties. Our investments in joint ventures in Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Malaysia, Germany, Canada, and the United Kingdom comprise 21 of the remaining 25 properties. These international properties are managed by joint ventures in which we share control.
Preferred distributions of the Operating Partnership are accrued at declaration and represent distributions on outstanding preferred units of partnership interests, or preferred units, and are included in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. We allocate net operating results of the Operating Partnership after preferred distributions to limited partners and to Simon based on the partners’ respective weighted average ownership interests in the Operating Partnership. Net operating results of the Operating Partnership attributable to limited partners are reflected in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. Simon’s weighted average ownership interest in the Operating Partnership was 86.8% and 86.9% for the nine months ended September
30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, Simon’s ownership interest in the Operating Partnership was 86.8%. We adjust the noncontrolling limited partners’ interests at the end of each period to reflect their interest in the net assets of the Operating Partnership.
Preferred unit requirements in the Operating Partnership’s accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income represent distributions on outstanding preferred units and are recorded when declared.
3. Significant Accounting Policies
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Cash equivalents generally consist of commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances, Eurodollars, repurchase agreements, and money market deposits or securities. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk include our cash and cash equivalents and our trade accounts receivable. We place our cash and cash equivalents with institutions of high credit quality. However, at certain times, such cash and cash equivalents are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Securities Investor Protection Corporation insurance limits.
Equity Instruments and Debt Securities
Equity instruments and debt securities consist primarily of the debt securities of our captive insurance subsidiary, equity instruments, our deferred compensation plan investments, and certain investments held to fund the debt service requirements of debt previously secured by investment properties. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had equity instruments with readily determinable fair values of $75.6 million and $78.1 million, respectively. Effective January 1, 2018, changes in fair value of these equity instruments are recorded in earnings. We recognized a cumulative effect adjustment of $7.3 million as of January 1, 2018 to reclassify unrealized gains previously reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” Non-cash mark-to-market adjustments related to an investment we hold in units of a publicly traded real estate investment trust are included in unrealized gains (losses) in fair value of equity instruments in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Non-cash mark-to-market adjustments related to other securities with readily determinable fair values for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were not significant. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had equity instruments without readily determinable fair values of $295.3 million and $175.7 million, respectively, for which we have elected the measurement alternative under this guidance. We regularly evaluate these investments for any impairment in their estimated fair value, as well as any observable price changes for an identical or similar equity instrument of the same issuer, and determined that no material adjustment in the carrying value was required for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
Our deferred compensation plan equity instruments are valued based upon quoted market prices. The investments have a matching liability as the amounts are fully payable to the employees that earned the compensation. Changes in value of these securities and changes to the matching liability to employees are both recognized in earnings and, as a result, there is no impact to consolidated net income.
At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we held debt securities of $50.9 million and $40.1 million, respectively, in our captive insurance subsidiary. The types of securities included in the investment portfolio of our captive insurance subsidiary are typically U.S. Treasury or other U.S. government securities as well as corporate debt securities with maturities ranging from less than one year to ten years. These securities are classified as available-for-sale and are valued based upon quoted market prices or other observable inputs when quoted market prices are not available. The amortized cost of debt securities, which approximates fair value, held by our captive insurance subsidiary is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Changes in the values of these securities are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the gain or loss is realized or until any unrealized loss is deemed to be other-than-temporary. We review any declines in value
16
of these securities for other-than-temporary impairment and consider the severity and duration of any decline in value. To the extent an other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to have occurred, an impairment is recorded and a new cost basis is established.
Our captive insurance subsidiary is required to maintain statutory minimum capital and surplus as well as maintain a minimum liquidity ratio. Therefore, our access to these securities may be limited.
Fair Value Measurements
Level 1 fair value inputs are quoted prices for identical items in active, liquid and visible markets such as stock exchanges. Level 2 fair value inputs are observable information for similar items in active or inactive markets, and appropriately consider counterparty creditworthiness in the valuations. Level 3 fair value inputs reflect our best estimate of inputs and assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability at the measurement date. The inputs are unobservable in the market and significant to the valuation estimate. We have no investments for which fair value is measured on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.
The equity instruments with readily determinable fair values we held at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were primarily classified as having Level 1 and Level 2 fair value inputs. In addition, we had derivative instruments which were classified as having Level 2 inputs, which consist primarily of foreign currency forward contracts and interest rate swap agreements with a gross asset balance of $26.8 million and $10.9 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and a gross liability balance of $6.0 million and $6.2 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Note 7 includes a discussion of the fair value of debt measured using Level 2 inputs. Level 3 inputs to our purchase accounting and impairment analyses include our estimations of net operating results of the property, capitalization rates and discount rates.
Noncontrolling Interests
Simon
Details of the carrying amount of our noncontrolling interests are as follows:
As of
Limited partners’ interests in the Operating Partnership
Total noncontrolling interests reflected in equity
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (which includes nonredeemable and redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated properties, limited partners’ interests in the Operating Partnership and preferred distributions payable by the Operating Partnership on its outstanding preferred units) is a component of consolidated net income. In addition, the individual components of other comprehensive income (loss) are presented in the aggregate for both controlling and noncontrolling interests, with the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests deducted from comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders.
The Operating Partnership
Our evaluation of the appropriateness of classifying the Operating Partnership’s common units of partnership interest, or units, held by Simon and the Operating Partnership's limited partners within permanent equity considered several significant factors. First, as a limited partnership, all decisions relating to the Operating Partnership’s operations and distributions are made by Simon, acting as the Operating Partnership’s sole general partner. The decisions of the general partner are made by Simon's
17
Board of Directors or management. The Operating Partnership has no other governance structure. Secondly, the sole asset of Simon is its interest in the Operating Partnership. As a result, a share of common stock of Simon, or common stock, if owned by the Operating Partnership, is best characterized as being similar to a treasury share and thus not an asset of the Operating Partnership.
Limited partners of the Operating Partnership have the right under the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement to exchange their units for shares of common stock or cash, as selected by Simon as the sole general partner. Accordingly, we classify units held by limited partners in permanent equity because Simon may elect to issue shares of common stock to limited partners exercising their exchange rights rather than using cash. Under the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is required to redeem units held by Simon only when Simon has repurchased shares of common stock. We classify units held by Simon in permanent equity because the decision to redeem those units would be made by Simon.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (which includes nonredeemable and redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated properties) is a component of consolidated net income.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following during the three and nine months ended September 30:
Affected line item where
net income is presented
Accumulated derivative losses, net
(1,087)
(1,591)
(3,261)
(5,929)
431
785
(943)
(1,376)
(2,830)
(5,144)
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Derivative Financial Instruments
We record all derivatives on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether we have designated a derivative as a hedge and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. We may use a variety of derivative financial instruments in the normal course of business to selectively manage or hedge a portion of the risks associated with our indebtedness and interest payments. Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps and caps. We require that hedging derivative instruments be highly effective in reducing the risk exposure that they are designated to hedge. We formally designate any instrument that meets these hedging criteria as a hedge at the inception of the derivative contract.
As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had no outstanding interest rate derivatives. We generally do not apply hedge accounting to interest rate caps, which had a nominal value as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
We are also exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on financial instruments which are denominated in foreign currencies, primarily in Yen and Euro. We use currency forward contracts, cross currency swap contracts and foreign currency denominated debt to manage our exposure to changes in foreign exchange rates on certain Yen and Euro-denominated receivables and net investments. Currency forward contracts involve fixing the Yen:USD or Euro:USD exchange rate for delivery of a specified amount of foreign currency on a specified date. The currency forward contracts are typically cash settled in U.S. dollars for their fair value at or close to their settlement date.
We had the following Euro:USD forward contracts designated as net investment hedges at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in millions):
Asset (Liability) Value as of
Notional Value
Maturity Date
€
50.0
May 15, 2019
(0.8)
375.0
October 2, 2019
(6.0)
100.0
December 18, 2019
1.0
May 15, 2020
2.7
(1.5)
May 14, 2021
2.4
(2.0)
Asset balances in the above table are included in deferred costs and other assets. Liability balances in the above table are included in other liabilities.
We use a Euro-denominated cross-currency swap agreement to manage our exposure to changes in foreign exchange rates by swapping $150.0 million of 4.38% fixed rate U.S. dollar-denominated debt to 1.37% fixed rate Euro-denominated debt of €121.6 million. The cross-currency swap matures on December 1, 2020. The fair value of our cross-currency swap agreement at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $18.7 million and $10.9 million, respectively, and is included in deferred costs and other assets.
We have designated certain currency forward contracts and the cross-currency swap as net investment hedges. Accordingly, we report the changes in fair value in other comprehensive income (loss). Changes in the value of these forward contracts are offset by changes in the underlying hedged Euro-denominated joint venture investment.
The total gross accumulated other comprehensive income related to the Operating Partnership’s derivative activities, including our share of the other comprehensive income from unconsolidated entities, approximated $56.4 million and $37.9 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases," codified as Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 842, which results in lessees recognizing most leased assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Lessor accounting remains substantially similar to the previous accounting; however, certain refinements were made to conform the standard with the recently issued revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09, “Revenue From Contracts With Customers”, specifically related to the allocation and recognition of contract consideration earned from lease and non-lease revenue components. ASC 842 also limits the capitalization of leasing costs to initial direct costs, which, if applied in 2018, would have reduced our capitalized leasing costs and correspondingly increased expenses by approximately $45 million, of which $11.8 million and $34.1 million related to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
Substantially all of our revenues and the revenues of our equity method investments are earned from arrangements that are within the scope of ASC 842. On July 30, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, also codified as ASC 842, which created a practical expedient that provides lessors an option not to separate lease and non-lease components when certain criteria are met and instead account for those components as a single lease component. We determined that our lease arrangements meet the criteria under the practical expedient to account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component, which alleviates the requirement upon adoption of ASC 842 that we reallocate or separately present consideration from lease and non-lease components. On January 1, 2019, we began recognizing consideration received from fixed common area maintenance arrangements on a straight-line basis as this consideration is attributed to the lease component.
We, as a lessor, retain substantially all of the risks and benefits of ownership of the investment properties and continue to account for our leases as operating leases. We accrue fixed lease income on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases. Substantially all of our retail tenants are also required to pay overage rents based on sales over a stated base amount during the lease year. We recognize this variable lease consideration only when each tenant’s sales exceed the applicable sales threshold. We amortize any tenant inducements as a reduction of revenue utilizing the straight-line method over the term of the related lease or occupancy term of the tenant, if shorter.
We structure our leases to allow us to recover a significant portion of our property operating, real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance, and advertising and promotion expenses from our tenants. A substantial portion of our leases, other than those for anchor stores, require the tenant to reimburse us for a substantial portion of our operating expenses, including common area maintenance, or CAM, real estate taxes and insurance. This significantly reduces our exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation or otherwise. Such property operating expenses typically include utility, insurance, security, janitorial, landscaping, food court and other administrative expenses. For substantially all of our leases in the U.S. mall portfolio, we receive a fixed payment from the tenant for the CAM component which is recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. When not reimbursed by the fixed-CAM component, CAM expense reimbursements are based on the tenant’s proportionate share of the allocable operating expenses and CAM capital expenditures for the property. We accrue reimbursements from tenants for recoverable portions of all of these expenses as variable lease consideration in the period the applicable expenditures are incurred. We recognize differences between estimated recoveries and the final billed amounts in the subsequent year. These differences were not material in any period presented. Our advertising and promotional costs are expensed as incurred. Provisions for credit losses are recognized as a reduction of lease income. Refer to note 9 for further disclosure of lease income.
20
Minimum fixed lease consideration under non-cancelable tenant operating leases for each of the next five years and thereafter, excluding variable lease consideration, for the years ending December 31, as of September 30, 2019, is as follows:
3,706,042
2020
3,482,815
2021
3,104,755
2022
2,705,820
2023
2,238,693
Thereafter
6,157,395
21,395,520
Further, ASC 842 requires recognition on our consolidated balance sheets of leases of land and other arrangements where we are the lessee. Upon adoption on January 1, 2019, we recognized a right of use asset and corresponding lease liability of $524.0 million representing the present value of future lease payments required under our lessee arrangements. We utilized lease terms ranging from 2019 to 2090 including periods for which exercising an extension option is reasonably assured, and discount rates from 3.97% to 5.52% when determining the present value of future lease payments. All of our existing lessee arrangements upon adoption continue to be classified as operating leases and the pattern of lease expense recognition will be unchanged. Refer to note 10 for further disclosure regarding ground leases recognized as a result of the adoption of ASC 842.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," which introduced new guidance for an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. Instruments in scope include loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, and net investments in leases as well as reinsurance and trade receivables. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, which clarifies that operating lease receivables are outside the scope of the new standard. This standard will be effective for us in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of the new standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.
4. Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions
Unless otherwise noted, gains and losses on property transactions are included in gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. We capitalize asset acquisition costs and expense costs related to business combinations, as well as disposition related costs as they are incurred. We incurred a minimal amount of transaction expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
On September 19, 2019, we acquired the remaining 50% interest in a hotel adjacent to one of our properties for cash consideration of $12.8 million. The property is subject to a $21.5 million, 4.02% variable rate mortgage. We accounted for this transaction as an asset acquisition and substantially all of our investment relates to investment property.
On September 25, 2018, we acquired the remaining 50% interest in The Outlets at Orange from our joint venture partner. The Operating Partnership issued 475,183 units, or approximately $84.1 million, as consideration for the acquisition. The property is subject to a $215.0 million, 4.22% fixed rate mortgage. We accounted for this transaction as an asset acquisition and substantially all of our investment has been determined to relate to investment property.
During the first nine months of 2018, we recorded net gains of $144.9 million primarily related to our disposition activity which included the foreclosure of a consolidated property in satisfaction of its $200 million non-recourse mortgage.
5. Per Share and Per Unit Data
We determine basic earnings per share and basic earnings per unit based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock or units, as applicable, outstanding during the period and we consider any participating securities for purposes of
21
applying the two-class method. We determine diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock or units, as applicable, outstanding combined with the incremental weighted average number of shares or units, as applicable, that would have been outstanding assuming all potentially dilutive securities were converted into shares of common stock or units, as applicable, at the earliest date possible. The following tables set forth the components of basic and diluted earnings per share and basic and diluted earnings per unit.
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Net Income attributable to Common Stockholders — Basic and Diluted
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding — Basic and Diluted
307,275,230
309,294,045
308,314,456
309,739,557
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, potentially dilutive securities include units that are exchangeable for common stock and long-term incentive performance units, or LTIP units, granted under our long-term incentive performance programs that are convertible into units and exchangeable for common stock. No securities had a material dilutive effect for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. We have not adjusted net income attributable to common stockholders and weighted average shares outstanding for income allocable to limited partners or units, respectively, as doing so would have no dilutive impact. We accrue dividends when they are declared.
Net Income attributable to Unitholders — Basic and Diluted
Weighted Average Units Outstanding — Basic and Diluted
354,038,110
356,073,080
355,096,211
356,562,262
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, potentially dilutive securities include LTIP units. No securities had a material dilutive effect for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. We accrue distributions when they are declared.
6. Investment in Unconsolidated Entities and International Investments
Real Estate Joint Ventures and Investments
Joint ventures are common in the real estate industry. We use joint ventures to finance properties, develop new properties and diversify our risk in a particular property or portfolio of properties. As discussed in note 2, we held joint venture interests in 82 properties as of September 30, 2019.
Certain of our joint venture properties are subject to various rights of first refusal, buy-sell provisions, put and call rights, or other sale or marketing rights for partners which are customary in real estate joint venture agreements and the industry. We and our partners in these joint ventures may initiate these provisions (subject to any applicable lock up or similar restrictions), which
22
may result in either the sale of our interest or the use of available cash or borrowings, or the use of limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership, to acquire the joint venture interest from our partner.
We may provide financing to joint ventures primarily in the form of interest bearing construction loans. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had construction loans and other advances to related parties totaling $85.7 million and $85.8 million, respectively, which are included in deferred costs and other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Unconsolidated Entity Transactions
On October 16, 2019, we contributed approximately $276.8 million consisting of cash and the Shop Premium Outlets, or SPO, assets for a 45% noncontrolling interest in Rue Gilt Groupe, or RGG, to create a new multi-platform venture dedicated to digital value shopping.
On September 19, 2019, as discussed in note 4, we acquired the remaining 50% interest in a hotel adjacent to one of our properties from our joint venture partner. As a result of this acquisition, we now own 100% of this property.
During the first quarter of 2019, we disposed of our interests in a multi-family residential investment. Our share of the gross proceeds was $17.3 million. The gain of $15.6 million is included in other income in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income.
On September 25, 2018, as discussed in note 4, we acquired the remaining 50% interest in The Outlets at Orange from our joint venture partner. The Operating Partnership issued 475,183 units at a price of $176.99 to acquire this remaining interest. As a result of this acquisition, we now own 100% of this property.
As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had an 11.7% legal noncontrolling equity interest in HBS, a joint venture we formed with Hudson’s Bay Company. Our share of net (loss) income, net of amortization of our excess investment, was ($5.2) million and $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and ($13.3) million and $11.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Total revenues, operating income and consolidated net (loss) income of HBS were approximately $100.2 million, $13.8 million and ($23.9) million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and $258.8 million, $162.2 million and $90.6 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
On June 7, 2018, Aventura Mall, a property in which we own a 33.3% interest, refinanced its $1.2 billion mortgage and its $200.8 million construction loan with a $1.75 billion mortgage at a fixed interest rate of 4.12% that matures on July 1, 2028. An early repayment charge of $30.9 million was incurred at the property, which along with the write-off of deferred debt issuance costs of $6.5 million, is included in interest expense in the accompanying combined joint venture statements of operations. Our $12.5 million share of the charge associated with the repayment is included in income from unconsolidated entities in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Excess proceeds from the financing were distributed to the venture partners in June 2018.
In May 2017, Colorado Mills, a property in which we have a 37.5% interest, sustained significant hail damage. During the second quarter of 2017, the property recorded an impairment charge of approximately $32.5 million based on the net carrying value of the assets damaged, which was fully offset by anticipated insurance recoveries. As of September 30, 2019, the property had received business interruption proceeds and also property damage proceeds of $66.8 million. As of September 30, 2018, the property had received business interruption proceeds and property damage proceeds of $58.3 million, which resulted in the property recording a $25.8 million gain in 2018. Our share of the gain, $9.7 million, is reflected within the gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
On September 15, 2016, we and a group of co-investors acquired certain assets and liabilities of Aéropostale, a retailer of apparel and accessories, out of bankruptcy. The interests were acquired through two separate joint ventures, a licensing venture and an operating venture. In April 2018, we contributed our entire interest in the licensing venture in exchange for additional
23
interests in ABG, a brand development, marketing, and entertainment company. As a result, we recognized a $35.6 million non-cash gain representing the increase in value of our previously held interest in the licensing venture, which is included in other income in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. At September 30, 2019, our noncontrolling equity method interests in the operations venture of Aéropostale and in ABG were 44.95% and 5.40%, respectively.
European Investments
At September 30, 2019, we owned 63,924,148 shares, or approximately 21.9%, of Klépierre, which had a quoted market price of $34.02 per share. Our share of net income, net of amortization of our excess investment, was $35.4 million and $22.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $74.4 million and $70.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Based on applicable Euro:USD exchange rates and after our conversion of Klépierre’s results to GAAP, Klépierre’s total revenues, operating income and consolidated net income were approximately $1.1 billion, $481.0 million and $415.9 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and $1.2 billion, $496.4 million and $485.8 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, Klépierre completed the disposal of its interests in certain shopping centers. In connection with these disposals, we recorded gains of $12.8 million and $13.4 million, respectively, representing our share of the gains recognized by Klépierre, which is included in gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
We have an interest in a European investee that had interests in nine Designer Outlet properties as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, our legal percentage ownership interests in these properties ranged from 45% to 94%.
In addition, we have a 50.0% noncontrolling interest in a European property management and development company that provides services to the Designer Outlet properties.
We also have minority interests in Value Retail PLC and affiliated entities, which own or have interests in and operate nine luxury outlets located throughout Europe and we also have a direct minority ownership in three of those outlets. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying value of these equity instruments without readily determinable fair values was $140.8 million and is included in deferred costs and other assets.
Asian Joint Ventures
We conduct our international Premium Outlet operations in Japan through a joint venture with Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd. We have a 40% noncontrolling ownership interest in this joint venture. The carrying amount of our investment in this joint venture was $205.8 million and $232.1 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, including all related components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We conduct our international Premium Outlet operations in South Korea through a joint venture with Shinsegae International Co. We have a 50% noncontrolling ownership interest in this joint venture. The carrying amount of our investment in this joint venture was $167.0 million and $166.3 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, including all related components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Summary Financial Information
A summary of our equity method investments and share of income from such investments, excluding Klépierre, Aéropostale, ABG, and HBS follows.
COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS
Assets:
19,259,601
18,807,449
7,263,363
6,834,633
11,996,238
11,972,816
880,648
1,076,398
475,710
445,148
581,435
390,818
13,934,031
13,885,180
Liabilities and Partners’ Deficit:
Mortgages
15,217,266
15,235,415
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, intangibles, and deferred revenue
942,250
976,311
521,518
344,205
16,681,034
16,555,931
Preferred units
67,450
Partners’ deficit
(2,814,453)
(2,738,201)
Total liabilities and partners’ deficit
Our Share of:
(1,227,239)
(1,168,216)
Add: Excess Investment
1,540,770
1,594,198
Our net Investment in unconsolidated entities, at equity
313,531
425,982
“Excess Investment” represents the unamortized difference of our investment over our share of the equity in the underlying net assets of the joint ventures or other investments acquired and has been determined to primarily relate to the fair value of the investment properties, intangible assets, and debt premiums and discounts. We amortize excess investment over the life of the related depreciable components of assets acquired, typically no greater than 40 years, the terms of the applicable leases, the estimated useful lives of the finite lived intangibles, and the applicable debt maturity, respectively. The amortization is included in the reported amount of income from unconsolidated entities.
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COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
766,740
756,955
2,285,848
2,259,451
79,025
73,259
234,337
232,747
845,765
830,214
2,520,185
2,492,198
OPERATING EXPENSES:
149,759
151,873
434,742
437,718
171,407
161,964
512,070
488,098
64,172
60,654
200,698
197,497
20,729
20,035
61,938
63,968
19,831
20,318
63,852
65,425
45,747
43,916
142,806
143,533
471,645
458,760
1,416,106
1,396,239
Operating Income Before Other Items
374,120
371,454
1,104,079
1,095,959
(159,971)
(163,855)
(473,914)
(505,540)
Gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities, net
21,587
25,792
Net Income
214,149
207,599
651,752
616,211
Third-Party Investors’ Share of Net Income
108,792
101,750
332,078
304,174
Our Share of Net Income
105,357
105,849
319,674
312,037
Amortization of Excess Investment
(20,846)
(21,526)
(62,413)
(64,447)
Our Share of Gain on Sale or Disposal of Assets and Interest in Other Income in the Consolidated Financial Statements
(9,156)
Our Share of Gain on Sale or Disposal of, or Recovery on, Assets and Interests in Unconsolidated Entities, net
(9,672)
Income from Unconsolidated Entities
84,511
84,323
248,105
237,918
Our share of income from unconsolidated entities in the above table, aggregated with our share of the results of Klépierre, Aéropostale, ABG, and HBS, is presented in income from unconsolidated entities in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Unless otherwise noted, our share of the gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities, net is reflected within gain on sale or disposal of, or recovery on, assets and interests in unconsolidated entities and impairment, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
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7. Debt
Unsecured Debt
At September 30, 2019, our unsecured debt consisted of $18.4 billion of senior unsecured notes of the Operating Partnership, $125.0 million outstanding under the Operating Partnership’s $4.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Credit Facility, and $1.3 billion outstanding under the Operating Partnership’s global unsecured commercial paper note program, or Commercial Paper program.
On September 30, 2019, we had an aggregate available borrowing capacity of $6.1 billion under the Credit Facility and the Operating Partnership’s $3.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Supplemental Facility, and together with the Credit Facility, the Credit Facilities. The maximum aggregate outstanding balance under the Credit Facilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $130.7 million and the weighted average outstanding balance was $125.1 million. Letters of credit of $11.3 million were outstanding under the Credit Facilities as of September 30, 2019.
The Credit Facility’s initial borrowing capacity of $4.0 billion may be increased to $5.0 billion during its term and provides for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro, Yen, Sterling, Canadian dollars and Australian dollars. Borrowings in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are limited to 95% of the maximum revolving credit amount, as defined. The initial maturity date of the Credit Facility is June 30, 2021 and can be extended for an additional year to June 30, 2022 at our sole option, subject to our continued compliance with the terms thereof. The base interest rate on the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 77.5 basis points with a facility fee of 10 basis points.
The Supplemental Facility’s initial borrowing capacity of $3.5 billion may be increased to $4.5 billion during its term and provides for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro, Yen, Sterling, Canadian dollars and Australian dollars. The initial maturity date of the Supplemental Facility was extended to June 30, 2022 and can be extended for an additional year to June 30, 2023 at our sole option, subject to our continued compliance with the terms thereof. The base interest rate on the Supplemental Facility is LIBOR plus 77.5 basis points with a facility fee of 10 basis points.
The Operating Partnership also has available a Commercial Paper program of $2.0 billion, or the non-U.S. dollar equivalent thereof. The Operating Partnership may issue unsecured commercial paper notes, denominated in U.S. dollars, Euro and other currencies. Notes issued in non-U.S. currencies may be issued by one or more subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership and are guaranteed by the Operating Partnership. Notes will be sold under customary terms in the U.S. and Euro commercial paper note markets and rank (either by themselves or as a result of the guarantee described above) pari passu with the Operating Partnership’s other unsecured senior indebtedness. The Commercial Paper program is supported by the Credit Facilities and if necessary or appropriate, we may make one or more draws under either of the Credit Facilities to pay amounts outstanding from time to time on the Commercial Paper program. On September 30, 2019, we had $1.3 billion outstanding under the Commercial Paper program, comprised of $1.1 billion of U.S. dollar-denominated notes and $180.1 million (U.S. dollar equivalent) of Euro-denominated notes with weighted average interest rates of 2.16% and (0.34)%, respectively. These borrowings have weighted average maturity dates of December 18, 2019 and October 31, 2019, respectively, and reduce amounts otherwise available under the Credit Facilities.
On February 1, 2019, the Operating Partnership repaid at maturity $600.0 million of senior unsecured notes with a fixed interest rate of 2.20%.
On September 13, 2019 the Operating Partnership completed the issuance of the following senior unsecured notes: $1.0 billion with a fixed interest rate of 2.00%, $1.25 billion with a fixed interest rate of 2.45%, and $1.25 billion with a fixed interest rate of 3.25%, with maturity dates of September 13 of 2024, 2029, and 2049, respectively. Proceeds from the unsecured notes offering funded the early redemption of senior unsecured notes in October 2019, as discussed below, and repaid a portion of the indebtedness outstanding under the Commercial Paper program.
On October 7, 2019, the Operating Partnership completed the early redemption of its $900 million 4.375% notes due March 1, 2021, $700 million 4.125% notes due December 1, 2021, $600 million 3.375% notes due March 15, 2022 and €375 million of the €750 million 2.375% notes due October 2, 2020. We recorded a $116.2 million loss on extinguishment of debt in the fourth quarter as a result of the early redemption.
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Mortgage Debt
Total mortgage indebtedness was $6.8 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
Covenants
Our unsecured debt agreements contain financial covenants and other non-financial covenants. If we were to fail to comply with these covenants, after the expiration of the applicable cure periods, the debt maturity could be accelerated or other remedies could be sought by the lender, including adjustments to the applicable interest rate. As of September 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants of our unsecured debt.
At September 30, 2019, our consolidated subsidiaries were the borrowers under 46 non-recourse mortgage notes secured by mortgages on 49 properties and other assets, including two separate pools of cross-defaulted and cross-collateralized mortgages encumbering a total of five properties. Under these cross-default provisions, a default under any mortgage included in the cross-defaulted pool may constitute a default under all mortgages within that pool and may lead to acceleration of the indebtedness due on each property within the pool. Certain of our secured debt instruments contain financial and other non-financial covenants which are specific to the properties that serve as collateral for that debt. If the applicable borrower under these non-recourse mortgage notes were to fail to comply with these covenants, the lender could accelerate the debt and enforce its rights against their collateral. At September 30, 2019, the applicable borrowers under these non-recourse mortgage notes were in compliance with all covenants where non-compliance could individually or in the aggregate, giving effect to applicable cross-default provisions, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.
Fair Value of Debt
The carrying value of our variable-rate mortgages and other loans approximates their fair values. We estimate the fair values of consolidated fixed rate mortgages using cash flows discounted at current borrowing rates and other indebtedness using cash flows discounted at current market rates. We estimate the fair values of consolidated fixed rate unsecured notes using quoted market prices, or, if no quoted market prices are available, we use quoted market prices for securities with similar terms and maturities. The book value of our consolidated fixed rate mortgages and unsecured indebtedness including commercial paper was $25.7 billion and $22.4 billion as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The fair values of these financial instruments and the related discount rate assumptions as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:
Fair value of consolidated fixed rate mortgages and unsecured indebtedness
26,844
22,323
Weighted average discount rates assumed in calculation of fair value for fixed rate mortgages
3.62
%
4.55
Weighted average discount rates assumed in calculation of fair value for unsecured indebtedness
3.57
4.50
8. Equity
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Simon issued 24,000 shares of common stock to a limited partner of the Operating Partnership in exchange for an equal number of units pursuant to the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Operating Partnership redeemed 27,988 units from six limited partners for $4.3 million. These transactions increased Simon’s ownership interest in the Operating Partnership.
On September 25, 2018, the Operating Partnership issued 475,183 units in connection with the acquisition of the remaining 50% interest in The Outlets at Orange, as discussed in Note 4.
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On February 13, 2017, Simon’s Board of Directors authorized a two-year extension of the previously authorized $2.0 billion common stock repurchase plan through March 31, 2019. On February 11, 2019, Simon's Board of Directors authorized a new common stock repurchase plan. Under the new plan, Simon may repurchase up to $2.0 billion of its common stock during the two-year period ending February 11, 2021 in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions as market conditions warrant. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Simon purchased 2,247,074 shares at an average price of $160.11 per share, of which 46,377 shares at an average price of $164.49 were purchased as part of the previous program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, Simon purchased 1,988,247 shares at an average price of $154.56 per share as part of the previous program. As Simon repurchases shares under these programs, the Operating Partnership repurchases an equal number of units from Simon.
We paid a common stock dividend of $2.10 per share in the third quarter of 2019 and $6.20 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Operating Partnership paid distributions per unit for the same amounts. We paid dividends of $2.00 and $5.90 per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Operating Partnership paid distributions per unit for the same amounts. Simon’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2019 of $2.10 per share of common stock payable on November 29, 2019 to stockholders of record on November 15, 2019. The distribution rate on units is equal to the dividend rate on common stock.
Temporary Equity
Simon classifies as temporary equity those securities for which there is the possibility that Simon could be required to redeem the security for cash irrespective of the probability of such a possibility. As a result, Simon classifies one series of preferred units in the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties in temporary equity. Each of these securities is discussed further below.
Limited Partners’ Preferred Interest in the Operating Partnership and Noncontrolling Redeemable Interests in Properties. The redemption features of the preferred units in the Operating Partnership contain provisions which could require the Operating Partnership to settle the redemption in cash. As a result, this series of preferred units in the Operating Partnership remains classified outside permanent equity. The remaining interests in a property or portfolio of properties which are redeemable at the option of the holder or in circumstances that may be outside Simon’s control are accounted for as temporary equity. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest is adjusted to the redemption amount assuming the instrument is redeemable at the balance sheet date. Changes in the redemption value of the underlying noncontrolling interest are recorded within accumulated deficit in the consolidated statements of equity in issuance of unit equivalents and other. There were no noncontrolling interests redeemable at amounts in excess of fair value as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The following table summarizes the preferred units in the Operating Partnership and the amount of the noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties as follows:
7.50% Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, 260,000 units authorized, 255,373 issued and outstanding
25,537
Other noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
201,350
204,626
The Operating Partnership classifies as temporary equity those securities for which there is the possibility that the Operating Partnership could be required to redeem the security for cash, irrespective of the probability of such a possibility. As a result, the Operating Partnership classifies one series of preferred units and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties in temporary equity. The following table summarizes the preferred units and the amount of the noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties as follows:
Total preferred units, at liquidation value, and noncontrolling redeemable interests in properties
Stock Based Compensation
Awards under our stock based compensation plans primarily take the form of LTIP unit and restricted stock grants. Restricted stock and awards under the LTIP programs contain both market and performance conditions, which are based on various individual, corporate and business unit performance measures as further described below. The expense related to these programs, net of amounts capitalized, is included within home and regional office costs and general and administrative costs in the accompanying statements of operations and comprehensive income.
LTIP Programs. The Compensation Committee has approved long-term, performance based incentive compensation programs, or the LTIP programs, for certain senior employees. Awards under the LTIP programs take the form of LTIP units, a form of limited partnership interest issued by the Operating Partnership, which are subject to the participant maintaining employment with us through certain dates and other conditions as described in the applicable award agreements. Awarded LTIP units not earned in accordance with the conditions set forth in the applicable award agreements are forfeited. Earned and fully vested LTIP units are equivalent to units of the Operating Partnership. During the performance period, participants are entitled to receive distributions on the LTIP units awarded to them equal to 10% of the regular quarterly distributions paid on a unit of the Operating Partnership. As a result, we account for these LTIP units as participating securities under the two-class method of computing earnings per share.
In 2019, the Compensation Committee established and granted awards under a redesigned LTIP program, or the 2019 LTIP program. Awards under the 2019 LTIP program will be considered earned if, and only to the extent to which, the respective performance conditions (based on Funds From Operations, or FFO, per share, and Objective Criteria Goals) and market conditions (based on Relative TSR performance), as defined in the applicable award agreements, are achieved during the applicable three-year measurement period, subject to the recipient’s continued employment through the vesting date. All of the earned LTIP units under the 2019 LTIP program will vest on January 1, 2023. The 2019 LTIP program provides that the amount earned of the performance-based portion of the awards is dependent on Simon’s performance compared to certain criteria and has a maximum potential fair value at issuance of $22.1 million.
The grant date fair values of any LTIP units for market-based awards are estimated using a Monte Carlo model, and the resulting fixed expense is recorded regardless of whether the market condition criteria are achieved if the required service is delivered. The grant date fair values of the market-based awards are being amortized into expense over the period from the grant date to the date at which the awards, if earned, would become vested. The level of expense of the performance-based award is recorded over the period from the grant date to the date at which the awards, if earned, would become vested, based on our assessment as to whether it is probable that the performance criteria will be achieved during the applicable performance periods.
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The Compensation Committee approved LTIP unit grants as shown in the table below. The extent to which LTIP units were earned, and the aggregate grant date fair value, are as follows:
LTIP Program
LTIP Units Earned
Grant Date Fair Value of TSR Award
Grant Date Target Value of Performance-Based Awards
2014-2016 LTIP program
120,314
$27.5 million
2015-2017 LTIP program
$21.6 million
2016-2018 LTIP program
$22.7 million
2018 LTIP program - Tranche A
To be determined in 2020
$6.1 million
2018 LTIP program - Tranche B
To be determined in 2021
2019 LTIP program
To be determined in 2022
$9.5 million
$14.7 million
We recorded compensation expense, net of capitalization, related to these LTIP programs of approximately $12.2 million and $13.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Restricted Stock. The Compensation Committee awarded 84,503 shares of restricted stock to employees during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 at a weighted-average fair market value of $181.85 per share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, our non-employee Directors were awarded 10,644 shares of restricted stock at a weighted average fair market value of $174.03 per share. These shares represent a portion of the compensation we pay our non-employee Directors, and all of the shares have been placed in a non-employee Director deferred compensation account maintained by us. The grant date fair value of the employee restricted stock awards is being recognized as expense over the three-year vesting service period. The grant date fair value of the non-employee Director restricted stock awards is being recognized as expense over the one-year vesting service period. In accordance with the Operating Partnership's partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership issued an equal number of units to Simon that are subject to the same vesting conditions as the restricted stock.
We recorded compensation expense, net of capitalization, related to restricted stock of approximately $8.3 million and $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Other Compensation Arrangements. On July 6, 2011, in connection with the execution of an employment agreement, the Compensation Committee granted David Simon, Simon’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, a retention award in the form of 1,000,000 LTIP units, or the Award, for his continued service through July 5, 2019. Effective December 31, 2013, the Award was modified, or the Current Award, and as a result the LTIP units would become earned and eligible to vest based on the attainment of Company-based performance goals, in addition to the service-based vesting requirement included in the original Award. The Current Award does not contain an opportunity for Mr. Simon to receive additional LTIP units above and beyond the original Award should our performance exceed the higher end of the performance criteria. The performance criteria of the Current Award are based on the attainment of specific FFO per share goals. Because the performance criteria has been met, a maximum of 360,000 LTIP units, or the A units, 360,000 LTIP units, or the B units, and 280,000 LTIP units, or the C units, became earned on December 31, 2015, December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2017, respectively. If the relevant performance criteria had not been achieved, all or a portion of the Current Award would have been forfeited. The earned A units vested on January 1, 2018, earned B units vested on January 1, 2019 and earned C units vested on June 30, 2019. The grant date fair value of the retention award of $120.3 million was recognized as expense over the eight-year term of his employment agreement on a straight-line basis based on the applicable vesting periods of the A units, B units and C units.
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9. Lease Income
As discussed in note 3, fixed lease income under our operating leases includes fixed minimum lease consideration and fixed CAM reimbursements which are accrued on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases. Variable lease income includes consideration based on sales, as well as reimbursements for real estate taxes, utilities, marketing, and certain other items.
Fixed lease income
1,067,381
1,036,512
3,196,202
3,106,318
Variable lease income
241,527
248,162
691,330
704,947
Total lease income
Lease income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 has been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
We are involved from time-to-time in various legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including, but not limited to, commercial disputes, environmental matters, and litigation in connection with transactions such as acquisitions and divestitures. We believe that current proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations. We record a liability when a loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
During the first quarter of 2019, we settled a lawsuit with our former insurance broker, Aon Risk Services Central Inc., related to the significant flood damage sustained at Opry Mills in May 2010. In accordance with a previous agreement with the prior co-investor in Opry Mills, a portion of the settlement was remitted to the co-investor. Our share of the settlement was approximately $68.0 million, which was recorded as other income in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income.
Lease Commitments
As of September 30, 2019, a total of 23 of our consolidated properties are subject to ground leases. The termination dates of these ground leases range from 2019 to 2090, including periods for which exercising an extension option is reasonably assured. These ground leases generally require us to make fixed annual rental payments, or a fixed annual rental payment plus a percentage rent component based upon the revenues or total sales of the property. In addition, we have several regional office locations that are subject to leases with termination dates ranging from 2019 to 2028. These office leases generally require us to make fixed annual rental payments plus pay our share of common area, real estate, and utility expenses. Some of our ground and office leases include escalation clauses. All of our lease arrangements are classified as operating leases. We incurred ground lease
expense and office lease expense, which are included in other expense and home office and regional expense, respectively, as follows:
Lease Cost
Operating lease cost
7,937
23,045
Variable lease cost
4,183
12,513
Sublease income
(208)
(542)
Total lease cost
11,912
35,016
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we incurred $11,431 and $34,858 of lease expense, respectively.
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases
36,268
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases
35.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases
4.87%
Minimum lease payments due under these leases for years ending December 31, excluding applicable extension options and renewal options unless reasonably certain of exercise and any sublease income, are as follows:
32,444
32,438
32,440
32,451
32,583
941,418
1,103,774
Impact of discounting
(585,162)
Operating lease liabilities
518,612
Lease liabilities are included within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. Right of use assets are included within deferred costs and other assets in the consolidated balance sheet.
Guarantees of Indebtedness
Joint venture debt is the liability of the joint venture and is typically secured by the joint venture property, which is non-recourse to us. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Operating Partnership guaranteed joint venture related mortgage indebtedness of $211.7 million and $216.1 million, respectively (of which we have a right of recovery from our venture partners of $10.8 million). Mortgages guaranteed by the Operating Partnership are secured by the property of the joint venture
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which could be sold in order to satisfy the outstanding obligation and which has an estimated fair value in excess of the guaranteed amount.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Our U.S. Malls, Premium Outlets, and The Mills rely upon anchor tenants to attract customers; however, anchors do not contribute materially to our financial results as many anchors own their spaces. All material operations are within the United States and no customer or tenant accounts for 5% or more of our consolidated revenues.
Hurricane Impacts
During the third quarter of 2017, our two wholly-owned properties located in Puerto Rico sustained significant damage as a result of Hurricane Maria. Since the date of the loss, we have received $70.7 million of insurance proceeds from third-party carriers related to the two properties located in Puerto Rico, of which $43.6 million was used for property restoration and remediation and to reduce the insurance recovery receivable. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $1.6 million and $9.2 million, respectively, as business interruption income. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded $17.0 million as business interruption income. These amounts were recorded in other income in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report.
Overview
Simon Property Group, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that operates as a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. REITs will generally not be liable for U.S. federal corporate income taxes as long as they distribute not less than 100% of their REIT taxable income. Simon Property Group, L.P. is our majority-owned Delaware partnership subsidiary that owns all of our real estate properties and other assets. According to the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, the Operating Partnership is required to pay all expenses of Simon. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “Simon” mean Simon Property Group, Inc. and references to the “Operating Partnership” mean Simon Property Group, L.P. References to “we,” “us” and “our” mean collectively Simon, the Operating Partnership and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by Simon and/or the Operating Partnership.
We own, develop and manage premier shopping, dining, entertainment and mixed-use destinations, which consist primarily of malls, Premium Outlets®, and The Mills®. As of September 30, 2019, we owned or held an interest in 204 income-producing properties in the United States, which consisted of 106 malls, 69 Premium Outlets, 14 Mills, four lifestyle centers, and 11 other retail properties in 37 states and Puerto Rico. In addition, we have redevelopment and expansion projects, including the addition of anchors, big box tenants, and restaurants, underway at properties in the United States, Canada, Asia and Europe. Internationally, as of September 30, 2019, we had ownership in 29 Premium Outlets and Designer Outlet properties primarily located in Asia, Europe, and Canada. We also have four international outlet properties under development. As of September 30, 2019, we also owned a 21.9% equity stake in Klépierre SA, or Klépierre, a publicly traded, Paris-based real estate company which owns, or has an interest in, shopping centers located in 16 countries in Europe.
We generate the majority of our lease income from retail tenants including consideration received from:
Revenues of our management company, after intercompany eliminations, consist primarily of management fees that are typically based upon the revenues of the property being managed.
We invest in real estate properties to maximize total financial return which includes both operating cash flows and capital appreciation. We seek growth in earnings, funds from operations, or FFO, and cash flows by enhancing the profitability and operation of our properties and investments. We seek to accomplish this growth through the following:
We also grow by generating supplemental revenues from the following activities:
We focus on high quality real estate across the retail real estate spectrum. We expand or redevelop properties to enhance profitability and market share of existing assets when we believe the investment of our capital meets our risk-reward criteria. We selectively develop new properties in markets we believe are not adequately served by existing retail outlet properties.
We routinely review and evaluate acquisition opportunities based on their ability to enhance our portfolio. Our international strategy includes partnering with established real estate companies and financing international investments with local currency to minimize foreign exchange risk.
To support our growth, we employ a three-fold capital strategy:
We consider FFO, net operating income, or NOI, portfolio NOI and comparable property NOI (NOI for properties owned and operated in both periods under comparison) to be key measures of operating performance that are not specifically defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. We use these measures internally to evaluate the operating performance of our portfolio and provide a basis for comparison with other real estate companies. Reconciliations of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measure are included below in this discussion.
Results Overview
Diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit decreased $0.42 during the first nine months of 2019 to $5.15 from $5.57 for the same period last year. The decrease in diluted earnings per share and diluted earnings per unit was primarily attributable to:
Solid core business fundamentals during the first nine months of 2019 were primarily driven by strong leasing activity. Portfolio NOI grew 1.5% for the nine month period in 2019 over the prior year period. Comparable property NOI grew 1.7% for our portfolio of U.S. Malls, Premium Outlets, and The Mills. Total sales per square foot, or psf, increased from $650 psf at September 30, 2018 to $680 psf, or 4.5%, at September 30, 2019, for our U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets. Average base minimum rent for U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets increased 1.2% to $54.55 psf as of September 30, 2019, from $53.88 psf as of September 30, 2018. Leasing spreads in our U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets were favorable as we were able to lease available square feet at higher rents, resulting in an open/close leasing spread (based on total tenant payments — base minimum rent plus common area maintenance) of $12.10 psf ($66.58 openings compared to $54.48 closings) as of September 30, 2019, representing a 22.2% increase. Ending occupancy for our U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets decreased 0.8% to 94.7% as of September 30, 2019, from 95.5% as of September 30, 2018.
Our effective overall borrowing rate at September 30, 2019 on our consolidated indebtedness decreased eleven basis points to 3.21% as compared to 3.32% at September 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the effective overall borrowing rate on variable rate debt of 26 basis points (2.79% at September 30, 2019 as compared to 3.05% at September 30, 2018), partially offset by an increase in the amount of our variable rate debt. The weighted average years to maturity of our
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consolidated indebtedness was 7.1 years and 6.4 years at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Our financing activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 included:
United States Portfolio Data
The portfolio data discussed in this overview includes the following key operating statistics: ending occupancy, average base minimum rent per square foot, and total sales per square foot for our domestic assets. We include acquired properties in this data beginning in the year of acquisition and remove disposed properties in the year of disposition. For comparative purposes, we separate the information related to The Mills from our other U.S. operations. We also do not include any information for properties located outside the United States.
The following table sets forth these key operating statistics for the combined U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets:
%/Basis Points
Change (1)
U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets:
Ending Occupancy
Consolidated
95.1%
95.5%
-40 bps
Unconsolidated
93.8%
-170 bps
Total Portfolio
94.7%
-80 bps
Average Base Minimum Rent per Square Foot
52.97
52.19
1.5%
58.73
58.38
0.6%
54.55
53.88
1.2%
Total Sales per Square Foot
654
633
3.3%
754
701
7.5%
680
650
4.5%
The Mills:
97.2%
98.5%
-130 bps
32.88
31.75
3.6%
616
609
Ending Occupancy Levels and Average Base Minimum Rent per Square Foot. Ending occupancy is the percentage of gross leasable area, or GLA, which is leased as of the last day of the reporting period. We include all company owned space except for mall anchors, mall majors, mall freestanding and mall outlots in the calculation. Base minimum rent per square foot is
the average base minimum rent charge in effect for the reporting period for all tenants that would qualify to be included in ending occupancy.
Total Sales per Square Foot. Total sales include total reported retail tenant sales on a trailing 12-month basis at owned GLA (for mall stores with less than 10,000 square feet) in the U.S. Malls and The Mills and stores with less than 20,000 square feet in the Premium Outlets. Retail sales at owned GLA affect revenue and profitability levels because sales determine the amount of minimum rent that can be charged, the percentage rent realized, and the recoverable expenses (common area maintenance, real estate taxes, etc.) that tenants can afford to pay.
Current Leasing Activities
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we signed 780 new leases and 796 renewal leases (excluding mall anchors and majors, new development, redevelopment and leases with terms of one year or less) with a fixed minimum rent across our U.S. Malls and Premium Outlets portfolio, comprising approximately 5.3 million square feet, of which 3.8 million square feet related to consolidated properties. During the comparable period in 2018, we signed 762 new leases and 904 renewal leases with a fixed minimum rent, comprising approximately 5.6 million square feet, of which 4.0 million square feet related to consolidated properties. The average annual initial base minimum rent for new leases was $58.08 per square foot in 2019 and $55.68 per square foot in 2018 with an average tenant allowance on new leases of $60.83 per square foot and $51.51 per square foot, respectively.
Japan Data
The following are selected key operating statistics for our Premium Outlets in Japan. The information used to prepare these statistics has been supplied by the managing venture partner.
Change
99.7%
99.6%
+10 bps
¥
109,334
106,308
2.85%
5,127
2.22%
Results of Operations
The following acquisitions, dispositions and openings of consolidated properties affected our consolidated results in the comparative periods:
The following acquisitions, dispositions and openings of equity method investments and properties affected our income from unconsolidated entities in the comparative periods:
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For the purposes of the following comparison between the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the above transactions are referred to as the property transactions. In the following discussions of our results of operations, “comparable” refers to properties we owned or held interests in and operated in both of the periods under comparison.
Three months ended September 30, 2019 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2018
Lease income increased $24.2 million during the three months ended 2019, of which the property transactions accounted for $12.5 million of the increase. Comparable lease income increased $11.7 million, or 0.9%, due to increases in fixed minimum lease and CAM consideration recorded on a straight-line basis.
Total other income decreased $10.9 million, primarily due to a $15.2 million decrease related to business interruption insurance proceeds received in connection with our two Puerto Rico properties as a result of hurricane damages, partially offset by a $4.5 million increase in interest income.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $18.8 million, of which the property transactions accounted for $2.7 million. The comparable properties increased $16.1 million primarily as a result of an increase in tenant allowance write-offs in 2019 and the acceleration of depreciation on a property upon initiation of a major redevelopment.
Home and regional office costs increased $13.2 million, primarily due to the suspension of leasing cost capitalization in 2019, as a result of the adoption of a new accounting pronouncement.
General and administrative expense decreased $4.1 million due to lower executive compensation.
Income and other taxes decreased $3.9 million due to reduced withholding and income taxes related to certain of our international investments and state income tax refunds.
Income from unconsolidated entities decreased $14.7 million as a result of the sale of European assets within our HBS joint venture in 2018, the impact from the consolidation of a property that was unconsolidated in the third quarter of 2018 and unfavorable impacts of foreign currency on our international joint ventures.
Unrealized gains (losses) in fair value of equity instruments represent a mark-to-market gain of $2.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to a loss of $5.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018.
During the three months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded a $10.1 million gain related to Klépierre’s disposition of certain shopping centers.
Nine months ended September 30, 2019 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2018
Lease income increased $76.3 million during 2019, of which the property transactions accounted for $35.0 million of the increase. Comparable lease income increased $41.3 million, or 1.1%, due to increases in fixed minimum lease and CAM consideration recorded on a straight-line basis.
Total other income increased $8.8 million, primarily due to a $68.0 million increase related to a lawsuit settled with our former insurance broker in 2019 related to the significant flood damage sustained at Opry Mills in May 2010, a $15.6 million gain on the sale of our interest in a multi-family residential property, an increase of $9.9 million in land sales including a gain as a result of land contributions for densification projects at two of our properties, and an $8.3 million increase in interest income, partially offset by a $35.6 million non-cash gain recorded in 2018 associated with our contribution of our interest in the Aéropostale licensing venture for additional interests in ABG, a $26.0 million decrease in lease settlement income, a $25.4 million decrease in income related to distributions from an international investment received in 2018 and a $7.6 million decrease related to business interruption insurance proceeds received in connection with our two Puerto Rico properties as a result of hurricane damages.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $62.9 million, of which the property transactions accounted for $11.8 million. The comparable properties increased $51.1 million primarily as a result of an increase in tenant allowance write-offs in 2019 and the acceleration of depreciation on a property upon initiation of a major redevelopment.
Home and regional office costs increased $38.8 million, primarily due to the suspension of leasing cost capitalization in 2019, as a result of the adoption of a new accounting pronouncement.
General and administrative expense decreased $8.2 million due to lower executive compensation.
Unrealized gains (losses) in fair value of equity instruments represent a mark-to-market loss of $4.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to a gain of $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
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During 2019, we recorded a $12.8 million gain related to Klépierre’s disposition of certain shopping centers. During 2018, we recorded net gains of $9.7 million related to a property insurance recovery of previously depreciated assets and $135.2 million primarily related to our disposition activity.
Simon’s net income attributable to noncontrolling interests decreased $20.5 million due to a decrease in the net income of the Operating Partnership.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Because we own long-lived income-producing assets, our financing strategy relies primarily on long-term fixed rate debt. Floating rate debt comprised only 3.1% of our total consolidated debt at September 30, 2019. We also enter into interest rate protection agreements from time to time to manage our interest rate risk. We derive most of our liquidity from positive net cash flow from operations and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities that totaled $3.1 billion in the aggregate during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Operating Partnership has a $4.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, or Credit Facility, and a $3.5 billion supplemental unsecured revolving credit facility, or Supplemental Facility, and together with the Credit Facility, the Credit Facilities. The Credit Facilities and the Commercial Paper program provide alternative sources of liquidity as our cash needs vary from time to time. Borrowing capacity under these sources may be increased as discussed further below.
Our balance of cash and cash equivalents increased $3.1 billion during the first nine months of 2019 to $3.6 billion as of September 30, 2019 as a result of the operating and financing activity, as further discussed in “Cash Flows” below.
On September 30, 2019, we had an aggregate available borrowing capacity of approximately $6.1 billion under the Credit Facilities, net of outstanding borrowings of $125.0 million and amounts outstanding under the Commercial Paper program of $1.3 billion and letters of credit of $11.3 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the maximum aggregate outstanding balance under the Credit Facilities was $130.7 million and the weighted average outstanding balance was $125.1 million. The weighted average interest rate was 3.19% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Simon has historically had access to public equity markets and the Operating Partnership has historically had access to private and public long and short-term unsecured debt markets and access to secured debt and private equity from institutional investors at the property level.
Our business model and Simon’s status as a REIT require us to regularly access the debt markets to raise funds for acquisition, development and redevelopment activity, and to refinance maturing debt. Simon may also, from time to time, access the equity capital markets to accomplish our business objectives. We believe we have sufficient cash on hand and availability under the Credit Facilities and the Commercial Paper program to address our debt maturities and capital needs through 2019.
Cash Flows
Our net cash flow from operating activities and distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 totaled $3.1 billion. In addition, we had net proceeds from our debt financing and repayment activities of $3.4 billion in 2019. These activities are further discussed below under “Financing and Debt.” During the first nine months of 2019, we also:
In general, we anticipate that cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet operating expenses, monthly debt service, recurring capital expenditures, and dividends to stockholders and/or distributions to partners necessary to maintain Simon’s REIT qualification on a long-term basis. In addition, we expect to be able to generate or obtain capital for nonrecurring
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capital expenditures, such as acquisitions, major building redevelopments and expansions, as well as for scheduled principal maturities on outstanding indebtedness, from:
We expect to generate positive cash flow from operations in 2019, and we consider these projected cash flows in our sources and uses of cash. These cash flows are principally derived from rents paid by our tenants. A significant deterioration in projected cash flows from operations could cause us to increase our reliance on available funds from the Credit Facilities and Commercial Paper program, curtail planned capital expenditures, or seek other additional sources of financing as discussed above.
Financing and Debt
At September 30, 2019, our unsecured debt consisted of $18.4 billion of senior unsecured notes of the Operating Partnership, $125.0 million outstanding under the Credit Facility, and $1.3 billion outstanding under the Commercial Paper program.
On September 30, 2019, we had an aggregate available borrowing capacity of $6.1 billion under the Credit Facilities. The maximum aggregate outstanding balance under the Credit Facilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $130.7 million and the weighted average outstanding balance was $125.1 million. Letters of credit of $11.3 million were outstanding under the Credit Facilities as of September 30, 2019.
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Summary of Financing
Our consolidated debt, adjusted to reflect outstanding derivative instruments, and the effective weighted average interest rates as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
Effective
Adjusted Balance
Weighted
Adjusted
as of
Average
Balance as of
Debt Subject to
Interest Rate(1)
December 31, 2018
Fixed Rate
25,790,473
3.49%
22,461,191
3.37%
Variable Rate
853,406
2.79%
844,344
3.17%
3.21%
3.35%
Contractual Obligations
There have been no material changes to our outstanding capital expenditure and lease commitments previously disclosed in the combined 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership.
In regards to long-term debt arrangements, the following table summarizes the material aspects of these future obligations on our consolidated indebtedness as of September 30, 2019, for the remainder of 2019 and subsequent years thereafter (dollars in thousands), assuming the obligations remain outstanding through initial maturities, including applicable exercise of available extension options:
2020 - 2021
2022 - 2023
After 2023
Long Term Debt (1) (2)
1,364,010
5,022,950
5,255,863
14,915,916
26,558,739
Interest Payments (3)
213,874
1,569,974
1,171,272
3,992,435
6,947,555
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Our off-balance sheet arrangements consist primarily of our investments in joint ventures which are common in the real estate industry and are described in note 6 of the condensed notes to our consolidated financial statements. Our joint ventures typically fund their cash needs through secured debt financings obtained by and in the name of the joint venture entity. The joint venture debt is secured by a first mortgage, is without recourse to the joint venture partners, and does not represent a liability of the partners, except to the extent the partners or their affiliates expressly guarantee the joint venture debt. As of September 30, 2019, the Operating Partnership guaranteed joint venture-related mortgage indebtedness of $211.7 million (of which we have a right of recovery from our joint venture partners of $10.8 million as of September 30, 2019). Mortgages guaranteed by the Operating Partnership are secured by the property of the joint venture which could be sold in order to satisfy the outstanding obligation and which has an estimated fair value in excess of the guaranteed amount. We may elect to fund cash needs of a joint venture through equity contributions (generally on a basis proportionate to our ownership interests), advances or partner loans, although such fundings are not typically required contractually or otherwise.
During the third quarter of 2017, our two wholly-owned properties located in Puerto Rico experienced property damage and business interruption as a result of Hurricane Maria. Since the date of the loss, we have received $70.7 million of insurance proceeds from third-party carriers related to the two properties located in Puerto Rico, of which $43.6 million was used for property restoration and remediation and to reduce the insurance recovery receivable. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $1.6 million and $9.2 million, respectively, as business interruption income. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded $17.0 million as business interruption income. These amounts were recorded in other income in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
Acquisitions and Dispositions
Buy-sell, marketing rights, and other exit mechanisms are common in real estate partnership agreements. Most of our partners are institutional investors who have a history of direct investment in retail real estate. We and our partners in our joint venture properties may initiate these provisions (subject to any applicable lock up or similar restrictions). If we determine it is in our stockholders’ best interests for us to purchase the joint venture interest and we believe we have adequate liquidity to execute the purchase without hindering our cash flows, then we may initiate these provisions or elect to buy our partner’s interest. If we decide to sell any of our joint venture interests, we expect to use the net proceeds to reduce outstanding indebtedness or to reinvest in development, redevelopment, or expansion opportunities.
Acquisitions. On September 19, 2019, we acquired the remaining 50% interest in a hotel adjacent to one of our properties from our joint venture partner for cash consideration of $12.8 million. The property is subject to a $21.5 million, 4.02% variable rate mortgage.
On September 25, 2018, we acquired the remaining 50% interest in The Outlets at Orange from our joint venture partner. The Operating Partnership issued 475,183 units, or approximately $84.1 million, as consideration for the acquisition. The property is subject to a $215.0 million 4.22% fixed rate mortgage.
Dispositions. We may continue to pursue the disposition of properties that no longer meet our strategic criteria or that are not a primary retail venue within their trade area.
During the first nine months of 2019, we disposed of our interests in one multi-family residential investment. Our share of the gross proceeds on this transaction was $17.3 million. Our share of the gain of $15.6 million is included in other income in the accompanying consolidated statement of operation and comprehensive income. As discussed in note 6 of the condensed notes to our consolidated financial statements, Klépierre also disposed of its interest in certain shopping centers resulting in a gain, of which our share was $12.8 million.
During the first nine months of 2018, we recorded net gains of $144.9 million primarily related to our disposition activity which included the foreclosure of a consolidated property in satisfaction of its $200 million non-recourse mortgage. As discussed in note 6 of the condensed notes to our consolidated financial statements, Klépierre also disposed of its interests in certain shopping centers resulting in a gain, of which our share was $13.4 million.
Joint Venture Formation and Other Investment Activity
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Development Activity
We routinely incur costs related to construction for significant redevelopment and expansion projects at our properties. Redevelopment and expansion projects, including the addition of anchors, big box tenants, restaurants, as well as office space and residential uses are underway at properties in the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia.
Our share of the costs of all new development, redevelopment and expansion projects currently under construction is approximately $1.8 billion. We expect to fund these capital projects with cash flows from operations. We seek a stabilized return on invested capital in the range of 7-10% for all of our new development, expansion and redevelopment projects.
Domestic Development Activity
During the quarter, construction started on a 338,000 square foot upscale outlet located in Jenks (Tulsa), Oklahoma, projected to open in spring of 2021. Simon owns 100% of this project.
International Development Activity. We typically reinvest net cash flow from our international joint ventures to fund future international development activity. We believe this strategy mitigates some of the risk of our initial investment and our exposure to changes in foreign currencies. We have also funded most of our foreign investments with local currency-denominated borrowings that act as a natural hedge against fluctuations in exchange rates. Our consolidated net income exposure to changes in the volatility of the Euro, Yen, Peso, Won, and other foreign currencies is not material. We expect our share of international development costs for 2019 to be approximately $227 million, primarily funded through reinvested joint venture cash flow and construction loans.
The following table describes these new development and expansion projects as well as our share of the estimated total cost as of September 30, 2019 (in millions):
Gross
Our
Our Share of
Projected
Leasable
Ownership
Projected Net Cost
Opening
Property
Location
Area (sqft)
Percentage
(in Local Currency)
(in USD) (1)
Date
New Development Projects:
Premium Outlets Querétaro
Querétaro, Mexico
274,800
50%
MXN
441.7
22.4
Opened May - 2019
Málaga Designer Outlet
Málaga, Spain
191,000
46%
EUR
45.6
49.7
Q1 - 2020
Siam Premium Outlets Bangkok
Bangkok, Thailand
251,000
THB
1,607
52.5
Apr. - 2020
West Midlands Designer Outlet
Cannock (West Midlands), England
197,000
20%
GBP
26.5
32.6
Oct. - 2020
Normandy Designer Outlet
Vernon (Normandy), France
229,000
81%
175.2
191.2
Jun. - 2021
Expansions:
Vancouver Designer Outlet Phase 2
Richmond (British Columbia), Canada
84,000
CAD
26.9
20.3
Opened Aug. - 2019
Paju Premium Outlets Phase 3
Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
116,000
KRW
26,905
Ashford Designer Outlet Phase 2
Ashford, England
98,000
43.0
52.9
Opened Oct. - 2019
Noventa di Piave Designer Outlet Phase 5
Noventa di Piave (Venice), Italy
29,000
92%
21.4
23.4
Nov. - 2019
Tosu Premium Outlets Phase 4
Tosu City, Japan
38,000
40%
JPY
964
8.9
Gotemba Premium Outlets Phase 4
Gotemba, Japan
178,000
7,476
69.2
Rinku Premium Outlets Phase 5
Izumisano (Osaka), Japan
110,000
3,219
29.8
Jul. - 2020
La Reggia Designer Outlet Phase 3
Marcianise (Naples), Italy
58,000
30.8
33.7
Dividends, Distributions and Stock Repurchase Program
Simon paid a common stock dividend of $2.10 per share in the third quarter of 2019 and $6.20 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Operating Partnership paid distributions per unit for the same amounts. We paid dividends of $2.00 and $5.90 per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Operating Partnership paid distributions per unit for the same amounts. Simon’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2019 of $2.10 per share of common stock payable on November 29, 2019 to stockholders of record on November 15, 2019. The distribution rate on units is equal to the dividend rate on common stock. In order to maintain its status as a REIT, Simon must pay a minimum amount of dividends. Simon’s future dividends and the Operating Partnership’s future distributions will be determined by Simon’s Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, based on actual and projected financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, cash available for dividends and limited partner distributions, cash reserves as deemed necessary for capital and operating expenditures, financing covenants, if any, and the amount required to maintain Simon’s status as a REIT.
On February 13, 2017, Simon’s Board of Directors authorized a two-year extension of the previously authorized $2.0 billion common stock repurchase plan through March 31, 2019. On February 11, 2019, Simon's Board of Directors authorized a new
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common stock repurchase plan. Under the new plan, Simon may repurchase up to $2.0 billion of its common stock during the two-year period ending February 11, 2021 in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions as market conditions warrant. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, Simon purchased 2,247,074 shares at an average price of $160.11 per share, of which 46,377 shares at an average price of $164.49 were purchased as part of the previous program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, Simon purchased 1,988,247 shares at an average price of $154.56 per share as part of the previous program. As Simon repurchases shares under these programs, the Operating Partnership repurchases an equal number of units from Simon.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements made in this section or elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be deemed "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although we believe the expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance that our expectations will be attained, and it is possible that our actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements due to a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors. Such factors include, but are not limited to: changes in economic and market conditions that may adversely affect the general retail environment; the potential loss of anchor stores or major tenants; the inability to collect rent due to the bankruptcy or insolvency of tenants or otherwise; decreases in market rental rates; the intensely competitive market environment in the retail industry; the inability to lease newly developed properties and renew leases and relet space at existing properties on favorable terms; risks related to international activities, including, without limitation, the impact, if any, of the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union; changes to applicable laws or regulations or the interpretation thereof; risks associated with the acquisition, development, redevelopment, expansion, leasing and management of properties; general risks related to real estate investments, including the illiquidity of real estate investments; the impact of our substantial indebtedness on our future operations; any disruption in the financial markets that may adversely affect our ability to access capital for growth and satisfy our ongoing debt service requirements; any change in our credit rating; changes in market rates of interest and foreign exchange rates for foreign currencies; changes in the value of our investments in foreign entities; our ability to hedge interest rate and currency risk; our continued ability to maintain our status as a REIT; changes in tax laws or regulations that result in adverse tax consequences; risks relating to our joint venture properties; environmental liabilities; changes in insurance costs, the availability of comprehensive insurance coverage; security breaches that could compromise our information technology or infrastructure; natural disasters; the potential for terrorist activities; the loss of key management personnel; and the transition of LIBOR to an alternative reference rate. We discussed these and other risks and uncertainties under the heading "Risk Factors" in the combined 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership and in this report. We may update that discussion in subsequent other periodic reports, but, except as required by law, we undertake no duty or obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Industry practice is to evaluate real estate properties in part based on performance measures such as FFO, diluted FFO per share, NOI, portfolio NOI and comparable property NOI. We believe that these non-GAAP measures are helpful to investors because they are widely recognized measures of the performance of REITs and provide a relevant basis for comparison among REITs. We also use these measures internally to measure the operating performance of our portfolio.
We determine FFO based upon the definition set forth by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) Funds From Operations White Paper – 2018 Restatement. Our main business includes acquiring, owning, operating, developing, and redeveloping real estate in conjunction with the rental of real estate. Gain and losses of assets incidental to our main business are included in FFO. We determine FFO to be our share of consolidated net income computed in accordance with GAAP:
You should understand that our computations of these non-GAAP measures might not be comparable to similar measures reported by other REITs and that these non-GAAP measures:
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The following schedule reconciles total FFO to consolidated net income and, for Simon, diluted net income per share to diluted FFO per share.
(in thousands)
Funds from Operations
1,080,561
1,086,292
3,226,887
3,173,194
Change in FFO from prior period
(0.5)
4.9
1.7
9.2
Adjustments to Arrive at FFO:
Depreciation and amortization from consolidated properties
332,456
313,245
1,008,439
944,615
Our share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated entities, including Klépierre and HBS
138,116
131,573
412,018
403,777
(10,141)
Unrealized (gains) losses in fair value of equity instruments
(2,154)
5,452
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest holders in properties
(337)
(497)
181
(684)
Noncontrolling interests portion of depreciation and amortization
(4,790)
(4,380)
(14,608)
(13,564)
Preferred distributions and dividends
(1,313)
(3,939)
FFO of the Operating Partnership
FFO allocable to limited partners
142,727
142,710
425,123
416,694
Dilutive FFO allocable to common stockholders
937,834
943,582
2,801,764
2,756,500
Diluted net income per share to diluted FFO per share reconciliation:
Diluted net income per share
Depreciation and amortization from consolidated properties and our share of depreciation and amortization from unconsolidated entities, including Klépierre and HBS, net of noncontrolling interests portion of depreciation and amortization
1.32
1.23
3.97
3.74
(0.03)
(0.04)
(0.41)
(0.01)
0.02
0.01
Diluted FFO per share
3.05
9.09
8.90
Basic and Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
307,275
309,294
308,314
309,740
Weighted average limited partnership units outstanding
46,763
46,779
46,782
46,822
Basic and Diluted weighted average shares and units outstanding
354,038
356,073
355,096
356,562
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The following schedule reconciles consolidated net income to NOI and sets forth the computations of portfolio NOI and comparable property NOI.
Reconciliation of NOI of consolidated entities:
6,197
10,118
23,309
26,475
202,382
199,469
599,541
611,585
(119,706)
(134,408)
NOI of consolidated entities
1,094,143
1,083,904
3,319,568
3,250,901
Reconciliation of NOI of unconsolidated entities:
159,971
163,855
473,914
505,540
(21,587)
(25,792)
NOI of unconsolidated entities
545,527
533,418
1,616,149
1,584,057
Add: Our share of NOI from Klépierre, HBS, and other corporate investments
83,176
94,781
208,973
233,799
Combined NOI
1,722,846
1,712,103
5,144,690
5,068,757
Less: Corporate and Other NOI Sources (1)
115,215
125,288
378,491
375,302
Portfolio NOI
1,607,631
1,586,815
4,766,199
4,693,455
Portfolio NOI Growth
1.3
1.5
Less: Our share of NOI from Klépierre, HBS, and other corporate investments
83,025
212,460
Less: International Properties (2)
117,363
114,116
349,608
337,830
Less: NOI from New Development, Redevelopment, Expansion and Acquisitions (3)
45,090
49,427
135,051
140,605
Comparable Property NOI (4)
1,362,002
1,340,247
4,072,567
4,002,560
Comparable Property NOI Growth
1.6
Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Sensitivity Analysis
We disclosed a qualitative and quantitative analysis regarding market risk in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the combined 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership. There have been no material changes in the assumptions used or results obtained regarding market risk since December 31, 2018.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Simon maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s, or the SEC’s, rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Simon’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Because of inherent limitations, disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.
Our management, with the participation of Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of Simon’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. Based on that evaluation, Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2019, Simon’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have not been any changes in Simon’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Simon’s internal control over financial reporting.
The Operating Partnership maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Because of inherent limitations, disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.
Our management, with the participation of Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. Based on that evaluation, Simon’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2019, the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
There have not been any changes in the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are involved from time-to-time in various legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, including, but not limited to, commercial disputes, environmental matters, and litigation in connection with transactions such as acquisitions and divestitures. We believe that our current proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations. We record a liability when a loss is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Through the period covered by this report, except as set forth below, there were no material changes to the Risk Factors disclosed under Item 1A. Risk Factors in Part I of the combined 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Simon and the Operating Partnership.
We may be adversely affected by developments in the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (LIBOR) market, changes in the methods in which LIBOR is determined or the use of alternative reference rates.
As of September 30, 2019, approximately 2.2% or $580 million of our debt outstanding was indexed to LIBOR. In July 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced its intention to stop compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. Accordingly, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the publication of LIBOR beyond 2021. The Federal Reserve Board convened the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (“ARRC”) to identify a set of alternative reference rates for possible use as market benchmarks. Based on the ARRC’s recommendation, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York began publishing the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and two other alternative rates beginning in April 2018. Since then, certain derivative products and debt securities tied to SOFR have been introduced, and a number of industry groups are developing transition plans to SOFR as the new market benchmark.
We are not able to predict whether LIBOR will actually cease to be available after 2021 or whether SOFR will become the market benchmark in its place. Any changes announced or adopted by the FCA or other authorities or institutions in the methods used for determining LIBOR or the transition from LIBOR to a successor benchmark may result in, among other things, a sudden or prolonged increase in LIBOR, a delay in the publication of LIBOR, higher interest obligations arising from such successor benchmark and changes in the rules or methodologies for determining LIBOR in the overall debt capital markets, which may discourage market participants from continuing to administer or to participate in variable rate debt tied to LIBOR or such successor benchmark. If LIBOR as determined in accordance with the terms of our particular debt is no longer available, whether before or after 2021, the interest rates on such debt would be determined using various alternative methods, any of which may result in interest obligations which are more than or do not otherwise correlate over time with the payments that would have been made on such debt if LIBOR was available in its current form. As a result, there can be no assurance that any of the aforementioned developments or changes will not result in financial market disruptions, significant increases in benchmark interest rates, substantially higher financing costs or a shortage of available debt financing, any of which could have an adverse effect on us, which currently would be limited by our relatively low exposure to variable rate LIBOR-based debt.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities made by Simon during the quarter ended September 30, 2019.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Total number
Approximate
of shares
value of shares
purchased as
that may yet
part of publicly
be purchased
price paid
announced
under
Period
purchased
per share
plans
plans (1)
July 1, 2019 - July 31, 2019
633,780
157.78
1,726,370,940
August 1, 2019 - August 31, 2019
520,337
150.89
1,647,855,354
September 1, 2019 - September 30, 2019
1,154,117
154.68
On February 13, 2017, Simon’s Board of Directors authorized a two-year extension of the previously authorized $2.0 billion common stock repurchase plan through March 31, 2019 and on February 11, 2019, Simon's Board of Directors authorized a new common stock repurchase plan. Under the new plan, Simon may repurchase up to $2.0 billion of its common stock during the two-year period ending February 11, 2021 in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. As Simon repurchases shares under these plans, the Operating Partnership repurchases an equal number of units from Simon.
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities made by the Operating Partnership during the quarter ended September 30, 2019.
Except in connection with Simon’s share purchases, there were no purchases of equity securities made by the Operating Partnership during the quarter ended September 30, 2019.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5. Other Information
During the quarter covered by this report, the Audit Committee of Simon’s Board of Directors approved certain audit, audit-related, and non-audit tax compliance and tax consulting services to be provided by Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm. This disclosure is made pursuant to Section 10A(i)(2) of the Exchange Act as added by Section 202 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Item 6. Exhibits
ExhibitNumber
Exhibit Descriptions
31.1
Simon Property Group, Inc. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2
Simon Property Group, Inc. — Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.3
Simon Property Group, L.P. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.4
Simon Property Group, L.P. — Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1
Simon Property Group, Inc. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Simon Property Group, L.P. — Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104
Cover Page Interactive File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
/s/ Brian J. McDade
Brian J. McDade
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Treasurer
Date: November 6, 2019
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer of Simon Property Group, Inc., General Partner