UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
For the quarterly period ended March 29, 2008
OR
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 000-19406
Zebra Technologies Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (847) 634-6700
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No x
As of April 25, 2008, there were the following shares outstanding:
Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value 65,013,638
ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 29, 2008
INDEX
Item 1.Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 29, 2008 (unaudited) and December 31, 2007
Consolidated Statements of Earnings (unaudited) for the three months ended March 29, 2008 and March 31, 2007
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the three months ended March 29, 2008 and March 31, 2007
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the three months ended March 29, 2008 and March 31, 2007
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Item 1.Legal Proceedings
Item 1A.Risk Factors
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 6.Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Investments and marketable securities
Accounts receivable, net
Inventories, net
Deferred income taxes
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total current assets
Property and equipment at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization
Long-term deferred income taxes
Goodwill
Other intangibles, net
Long-term investments and marketable securities
Other assets
Total assets
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Deferred revenue
Income taxes payable
Total current liabilities
Deferred rent
Other long-term liabilities
Total liabilities
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock
Class A Common Stock
Additional paid-in capital
Treasury stock
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Net sales
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing
Research and development
General and administrative
Amortization of intangible assets
Exit costs
Acquired in-process research and development
Total operating expenses
Operating income
Other income (expense):
Investment income
Foreign exchange gains
Other, net
Total other income
Income before income taxes
Income taxes
Net income
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
Diluted weighted average and equivalent shares outstanding
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Changes in unrealized losses on hedging transactions, net of tax benefit
Changes in unrealized gains on investments, net of tax
Comprehensive income
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Cash flows from operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Inventories
Other operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment
Acquisition of businesses acquired, net of cash acquired
Purchases of investments and marketable securities
Maturities of investments and marketable securities
Sales of investments and marketable securities
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:
Purchase of treasury stock
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and stock purchase plan purchases
Net cash used in financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Income taxes paid
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash transactions:
Purchase of treasury shares not paid in the first quarter of 2008
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1—Basis of Presentation
Management prepared these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for Zebra Technologies Corporation and subsidiaries (Zebra) according to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for complete financial statements. Therefore, these consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in Zebra’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2007, in this Form 10-Q is taken from the audited consolidated balance sheet in our Form 10-K. These interim financial statements include all adjustments (of a normal, recurring nature) necessary to present fairly Zebra’s consolidated financial position as of March 29, 2008, the consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 29, 2008 and March 31, 2007, and cash flows for the three months ended March 29, 2008 and March 31, 2007. These results, however, are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
Note 2—Fair Value Measurements
In February 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. SFAS No. 159 permits entities to elect to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected will be recognized in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS No. 159 was effective for Zebra on January 1, 2008. We have currently chosen not to elect the fair value option for any items that are not already required to be measured at fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 was effective for our Company on January 1, 2008. However, in February 2008, the FASB released FASB Staff Position (FSP FAS 157-2 — Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157), which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). The adoption of SFAS No. 157 for our financial assets and liabilities did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We do not believe the adoption of SFAS No. 157 for our non-financial assets and liabilities, effective January 1, 2009, will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
As defined in SFAS No. 157, fair value is based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In order to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described below:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.
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In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as consider counterparty credit risk in the assessment of fair value.
Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value as of March 29, 2008 are classified in the table below in one of the three categories described above (in thousands):
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents (1)
Available-for-sale securities
Money market investments related to the deferred compensation plan
Total assets at fair value
Liabilities:
Forward contracts (2)
Liabilities related to the deferred compensation plan
Total liabilities at fair value
Note 3—Stock-Based Compensation
As of March 29, 2008, Zebra had a stock option plan and a stock purchase plan available for future grants. We accounted for these plans in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payments. Zebra recognizes compensation costs over the vesting period of 1 month to 5 years.
The compensation expense and the related tax benefit for share-based payments were included in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings as follows (in thousands):
General and administration
Total compensation
Income tax benefit
SFAS No. 123(R) requires the cash flows resulting from the tax benefits from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized (excess tax benefits) to be classified as financing cash flows in the statement of cash flows. As a result, $51,000 of excess tax benefits for the three months ended March 29, 2008, have been classified as financing cash flows. The excess tax benefits for the three months ended March 31, 2007 was $479,000.
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For purposes of calculating the compensation cost consistent with SFAS No. 123(R), the fair value is estimated on the date of grant using a binomial model. Volatility is based on an average of the implied volatility in the open market and the annualized volatility of Zebra’s stock prices over our entire stock history. The following table shows the weighted-average assumptions used for stock option grants as well as the fair value of the options granted based on those assumptions:
Expected dividend yield
Forfeiture rate
Volatility
Risk free interest rate
- Range of interest rates
Expected weighted-average life
Fair value of options granted
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted
The fair value of the purchase rights of all Zebra employees issued under the Stock Purchase Plan is estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions for purchase rights granted. Expected lives of three months to one year have been used along with these assumptions.
Fair market value
Option price
Expected volatility
Stock option activity for the period ended March 29, 2008, was as follows:
Fixed Options
Outstanding at beginning of year
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired
Outstanding at end of period
Options exercisable at end of period
Intrinsic value of options exercised
The following table summarizes information about fixed stock options outstanding at March 29, 2008:
Range of
Exercise Prices
$ 1.29-$20.22
$ 20.22-$28.22
$ 28.22-$41.25
$ 41.25-$46.18
$ 46.18-$53.92
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Aggregate intrinsic value
Weighted-average remaining contractual term
As of March 29, 2008, there was $21,495,000 of unearned compensation cost related to stock options granted under the plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years.
Note 4—Inventories
The components of inventories are as follows (in thousands):
Raw materials
Work in process
Finished goods
Total inventories
Note 5—Business Combinations
Navis, LLC. On December 14, 2007, Zebra acquired all of the outstanding stock of Navis Holdings, LLC (Navis) for $143,942,000, which is net of cash acquired and transaction costs. Headquartered in Oakland, California, Navis provides solutions to optimize the flow of goods through marine terminals and other operations managing cargo in the supply chain. The consolidated statements of earnings reflect the results of operations of Navis since the effective date of the purchase. The pro forma impact of this acquisition was not significant.
The following table (in thousands) summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.
Current assets
Property and equipment
Intangible assets
Total assets acquired
Current liabilities
Net assets acquired
On a preliminary basis pending the receipt of final valuations, the purchase price was allocated to identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values resulting in goodwill of $74,907,000. The intangible assets of $58,400,000 consist of the following (in thousands):
Trade names
Customer relationships
Developed technology
The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
Note 6—Investments and Marketable Securities
We classify our investments in marketable debt securities as available-for-sale in accordance with the classifications defined in SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. As of March 29, 2008, all of our investments in marketable debt securities with maturities greater than one year are classified as long-term investments on the balance sheet due to our ability and intent to hold them until maturity.
SFAS No. 115 requires that changes in the market value of available-for-sale securities are reflected in the accumulated other comprehensive income caption of stockholders’ equity in the balance sheet, until we dispose of the securities. Once these securities are disposed of, either by sale or maturity, the accumulated changes in market
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value are transferred to investment income. On the cash flow statements, changes in the balances of available-for-sale securities are shown as purchases, sales and maturities of investments and marketable securities under investing activities.
Changes in market value of trading securities would be recorded in investment income as they occur, and the related cash flow statement would include changes in the balances of trading securities as operating cash flows.
All investments in marketable debt securities except the partnership interests are classified as available-for-sale securities. We account for the partnership interests using the cost method until our ownership percentage reaches 5% of the total partnership portfolio value, because at that point we begin using the equity method to account for the partnership interest. As of March 29, 2008, we were in the process of liquidating all of our interests in these partnerships, which totaled $10,933,000. This liquidation will be complete by July 2008. For the three months ended March 29, 2008, we did not record any activity related to these partnership interests. No other gains or losses on trading securities were recorded in investment income.
Change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are included in these financial statements as follows (in thousands):
Changes in unrealized gains and losses on available- for-sale securities, net of tax, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income
Note 7—Stockholders’ Equity
Share count and par value data related to stockholders’ equity are as follows:
Par value per share
Shares authorized
Shares outstanding
Common Stock - Class A
Shares issued
Shares held
Note 8—Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Stockholders’ equity includes certain items classified as accumulated other comprehensive income, including:
Foreign currency translation adjustment relates to our non-U.S. subsidiary companies that have designated a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. We are required to translate the subsidiary functional currency financial statements to dollars using a combination of historical, month-end, and average foreign exchange rates. This combination of rates creates the foreign currency translation adjustment component of other comprehensive income.
Unrealized gains (losses) on foreign currency hedging activities relate to derivative instruments used to hedge the currency exchange rates for forecasted euro sales. These hedges are designated as cash flow hedges, and we have deferred income statement recognition of gains and losses until the hedged transaction occurs. See Note 11 for more details.
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments classified as available-for-sale are deferred from income statement recognition until the gains or losses are realized. See Note 6 above for more details.
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The components of other comprehensive income included in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income are as follows (in thousands):
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Changes in unrealized losses on foreign currency hedging activities:
Gross
Net
Changes in unrealized gains on investments classified as available-for-sale:
Income tax
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows (in thousands):
Unrealized gains on investments classified as available-for-sale:
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Note 9—Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share after the cumulative effect of the accounting change were computed as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Per share amount
Add: Effect of dilutive securities – stock options
Potentially dilutive securities that were excluded from the earnings per share calculation consist of stock options with an exercise price greater than the average market closing price of the Class A common stock. These options were as follows:
Potentially dilutive shares
Note 10—Goodwill and Other Intangible Asset Data
Intangible asset data are as follows (in thousands):
Amortized intangible assets
Current technology
Patent and patent rights
Total
Unamortized intangible assets
Aggregate amortization expense
For the year ended December 31, 2007
For the three months ended March 29, 2008
Estimated amortization expense
For the year ended December 31, 2008
For the year ended December 31, 2009
For the year ended December 31, 2010
For the year ended December 31, 2011
For the year ended December 31, 2012
Thereafter
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We test the impairment of goodwill each year or between annual impairment dates whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We completed our last assessment during June 2007. At that time, no adjustment to goodwill was necessary due to impairment.
We evaluate the impairment of identifiable intangibles and other long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
Factors considered that may trigger an impairment review consist of:
Significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results,
Significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business,
Significant negative industry or economic trends,
Significant decline in Zebra’s stock price for a sustained period, and
Significant decline in market capitalization relative to net book value.
If we believe that one or more of the above indicators of impairment have occurred, we compare the carrying value to the undiscounted cash flows of the asset to determine if the carrying value is recoverable. If the carrying value is not determined to be recoverable, we measure impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow using a discount rate that incorporates the risk inherent in the cash flows.
Note 11—Derivative Instruments
In the normal course of business, portions of Zebra’s operations are subject to fluctuations in currency values. We manage these risks using derivative financial instruments.
Hedging of Net Assets
We use forward contracts and options to manage exposure related to our pound and euro denominated net assets. We record gains and losses on these contracts and options in income each quarter along with the transaction gains and losses related to our net euro asset position, which would ordinarily offset each other. Summary financial information related to these activities follows (in thousands):
Change in losses from foreign exchangederivatives
Gain on net foreign currency assets
Net foreign exchange gain
Notional balance of outstanding contracts:
Pound/US dollar
Euro/US dollar
Euro/Pound
Net fair value of outstanding contracts
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Hedging of Anticipated Sales
We manage the exchange rate risk of anticipated euro denominated sales using forward contracts and option collars. We designate these contracts as cash flow hedges. Gains and losses on these contracts are deferred in other comprehensive income until the contracts are settled and the hedged sales are realized, at which time the deferred gains or losses will be reported as an increase or decrease to sales. Summary financial information related to the cash flow hedges of future revenues follows (in thousands, except percentages):
Net unrealized losses deferred in other comprehensive income:
Notional balance of outstanding contracts
Hedge effectiveness
Net gains and (losses) included in revenue for the:
Three months ended
Note 12—Segment Information
As a result of the acquisitions of WhereNet Corp., proveo AG, and Navis Holdings, LLC, Zebra now has two reportable segments: Specialty Printing Group (SPG) and Enterprise Solutions Group (ESG).
SPG includes direct thermal and thermal transfer label and receipt printers, passive radio frequency identification (RFID) printer/encoders, dye sublimation card printers and digital photo printers. Also included in this group is a comprehensive range of specialty supplies consisting of self-adhesive labels, thermal transfer ribbons, thermal printheads, batteries and other accessories, including software for label design and printer network management.
ESG has evolved over the last year with the acquisitions of WhereNet Corp., proveo AG, and Navis Holdings, LLC. The solutions that these companies provide are sold on a contract basis and are typically installed over several quarters. These contracts cover a range of services, including design, installation and ongoing maintenance services.
Segment information is as follows (in thousands):
SPG
ESG
Corporate and other
Corporate and other includes corporate administration costs or assets that support both reporting segments.
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Prior period amounts have been restated to conform to requirements of SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of and Enterprise and Related Information.
Note 13—Costs associated with Exit or Disposal Activities
During the first quarter of 2008, we initiated two different plans to close facilities. These plans are being accounted for under SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Cost Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities. All exit costs associated with these activities are identified on a separate line of our Consolidated Statement of Earnings, as part of operating expenses. These plans are intended to reduce costs and improve manufacturing efficiency.
In January 2008, we initiated a plan to close our supplies manufacturing plant in Warwick, Rhode Island. This operation is being transferred to a new facility in Flowery Branch, Georgia, which is now our East Coast supplies manufacturing facility. This transition is expected to be completed during the second quarter. As of March 29, 2008, we expect to incur the following exit costs (in thousands):
Type of Cost
Severance, stay bonuses, and other employee-related expenses
Other exit costs
In February 2008, we announced plans to establish regional distribution and configuration centers, consolidate our supplier base, and transfer final assembly of thermal printers to Jabil Circuit, Inc., a global third-party electronics manufacturer. These actions are intended to optimize our global printer product supply chain by improving responsiveness to customer needs and increasing Zebra’s flexibility to meet emerging business opportunities. As a result, all printer manufacturing in our Vernon Hills, Illinois and Camarillo, California will be transferred to Jabil’s facility in HuangPu, China. This transition is expected to take 18 to 24 months to complete. As of March 29, 2008, we expect to incur the following exit costs (in thousands):
Professional services
Relocation and transition costs
Liabilities and expenses related to exit activities for the three months ended March 29, 2008, were as follows (in thousands):
Accrued liabilities related to exit activities at December 31, 2007
Expenses incurred for the three months ended March 29, 2008
Less: Amounts paid for the three months ended March 29, 2008
Accrued liabilities related to exit activities at March 29, 2008
All current exit costs are included in operating expenses for the Specialty Printing Group.
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Note 14—Contingencies
On January 31, 2003, a Writ of Summons was filed in the Nantes Commercial Court, Nantes, France, by Printherm, a French corporation, and several of its shareholders (collectively, “Printherm”), against Zebra Technologies France (“ZTF”), a French corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Zebra. Printherm seeks damages in the amount of €15,304,000 and additional unspecified damages in connection with ZTF’s termination of negotiations in December 2000 respecting the proposed acquisition by Zebra of the capital stock of Printherm. The negotiation was terminated based on unsatisfactory results of the ongoing due diligence. We believe that Printherm’s claims are without merit and that a loss is not likely to occur. We will vigorously defend the action.
Printherm filed bankruptcy proceedings on August 30, 2004, and the Commercial Court ordered its liquidation on November 30, 2004. The case was put on hold until the Court-appointed liquidator filed a submission in August 2005, which started the proceedings again. ZTF filed its answer on November 19, 2005, in anticipation of a Court-ordered December 19, 2005, hearing date. In response to a request by Printherm’s liquidator, the Court postponed the hearing date until March 27, 2008 to provide time for Printherm to respond to ZTF’s answer. The Printherm liquidator filed its response to ZTF’s answer shortly before the March 27 hearing date. ZTF argued that the filing date provided ZTF with insufficient time to prepare for the hearing, and the Court struck the case from the docket as a sanction against Printherm. Printherm’s liquidator will now be required to reinstate the case before the Court, and the Court has not yet determined the calendar for doing so.
On April 9, 2008, a complaint was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois by Barcode Informatica, Ltd. (“Barcode”), a former Brazilian reseller, against Zebra. The complaint alleges that Zebra wrongfully terminated Barcode’s reseller status and tortiously interfered with Barcode’s alleged bid for the sale of printers to Brazilian Post. Barcode’s claim seeks an unspecified amount of damages. We believe that Barcode’s claims are without merit and we will vigorously defend the action.
Note 15—Warranty. In general, Zebra provides warranty coverage of one year on printers against defects in material and workmanship. Printheads are warranted for nine months and batteries are warranted for three months. A provision for warranty expense is recorded at the time of shipment and adjusted quarterly based on historical warranty experience. The following is a summary of Zebra’s accrued warranty obligation (in thousands).
Balance at the beginning of the year
Warranty expense year-to-date
Warranty payments made year-to-date
Balance at the end of the period
During 2005, Zebra began providing for environmental recycling reserves similar to warranty reserves. In the European Union, we have an obligation in the future to recycle printers. This reserve is based on all new printers sold after August 13, 2005, and printers sold prior to that date that are returned to us upon our sale of a new printer to a customer. The following is a summary of Zebra’s accrued recycling obligation (in thousands).
Recycling expense year-to-date
Recycling payments made year-to-date
Exchange rate impact
Note 16—Income Taxes
On January 1, 2007, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. According to FIN No. 48, we identified, evaluated, and measured the amount of income tax benefits to be recognized for all of our income tax positions. The net income tax assets recognized under FIN No. 48 did not differ from the net assets recognized
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before adoption, and, therefore, we did not record an adjustment related to the adoption of FIN No. 48. Zebra did not have any unrecognized tax benefits as of March 29, 2008.
Zebra has concluded all U.S. federal income tax audits for years through 2004. The tax years 2004 through 2007 remain open to examination by multiple state taxing jurisdictions.
Zebra’s continuing practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters as part of income tax expense. For the quarter ended March 29, 2008, we did not accrue any interest or penalties into income tax expense.
The effective income tax rate for the first quarter of 2008 was 34.5% compared with an income tax rate of 34.7% for the first quarter of 2007.
Note 17—New Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations, to create greater consistency in the accounting and financial reporting of business combinations. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer in a business combination (i) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest, (ii) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase, and (iii) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. This statement applies to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and will generally affect acquisitions going forward.
Note 18—Subsequent Events
On April 1, 2008, Zebra acquired all of the outstanding stock of Multispectral Solutions, Inc., (MSSI) for $18,000,000 in cash. MSSI is based in Germantown, Maryland, and is a global provider of ultra wideband (UWB) real-time locating systems and other UWB-based wireless technology. MSSI will become part of the Enterprise Solutions Group.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Consolidated Results of Operations
Net sales for the first quarter of 2008, compared with the first quarter of 2007, increased 18.1% with strength in all international regions. Sales from recent acquisitions supplemented continued robust sales growth of our established printer and service lines. Gross margin increased because of a richer product mix combined with higher average unit prices on mobile and desktop printers, improved labor efficiency and overhead spending control. Higher operating expenses resulted from increases in payroll costs, outside commissions, project costs, professional service fees, travel and entertainment expenses, recruiting and relocation costs, offsite meetings. Much of the increased payroll and benefit costs was a result of our recent acquisitions. In addition, amortization of intangibles increased $2,191,000, and we incurred exit costs of $3,234,000 related to the transfer of our printer manufacturing to a third-party manufacturer and the closure of our Warwick, Rhode Island, supplies manufacturing facility.
Operating expenses
Other income
Sales by product category, percent change, and percent of total sales for the three months ended March 29, 2008, and March 31, 2007, were (in thousands, except percentages):
Product Category
Hardware
Supplies
Service and software
Shipping and handling
Cash flow hedging activities
Total sales
Sales to customers by geographic region, percent changes and percent of total sales for the three months ended March 29, 2008, and March 31, 2007, were (in thousands, except percentages):
Geographic Region
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Latin America
Asia-Pacific
Total International
North America
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Zebra’s non-operating income and expense items are summarized in the following table (in thousands):
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
Rate of Return Analysis:
Average cash and marketable securities balances
Annualized rate of return
Cash and marketable securities balances and resulting investment income for the first quarter of 2008 have decreased substantially compared to the first quarter of 2007 due to payments for recent acquisitions.
Specialty Printing Group
Net sales in our Specialty Printing Group (SPG) increased 11.3% during the first quarter of 2008, with virtually all growth outside of North America. New printer products (defined as printers released within 18 months prior to the end of the applicable fiscal period) accounted for 19.1% of printer sales in the first quarter of 2008, compared with 12.2% of printer sales in the first quarter of 2007 and 16.6% for the fourth quarter of 2007.
Our international sales are denominated in multiple currencies, primarily the dollar, pound and euro. This directly causes our reported sales to be subject to fluctuations based on changes in currency rates. We estimate that favorable foreign exchange movements of the euro and the pound versus the dollar had a positive impact of $9,315,000 on sales during the first quarter.
We currently hedge a portion of anticipated euro-denominated sales to partially protect Zebra against exchange rate movements. For the first quarter, this program resulted in a loss of $2,788,000. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for a more detailed discussion of this hedging program.
Printer unit volumes and average selling price information is summarized below:
Total printers shipped
Average selling price of printers shipped
For the first quarter of 2008, unit volumes increased in nearly all printer product lines compared to the first quarter of 2007 with notable volume increases in high-performance tabletop and mobile printers.
Gross profit margin for SPG was affected by favorable foreign currency movements, which increased first quarter gross profit by $8,494,000. A rich product mix combined with higher mobile and desktop average unit selling prices,
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improved labor efficiency and overhead spending control also contributed to the improvement in gross margin for SPG during the first quarter of 2008.
Operating expenses increased primarily due to increases in payroll and benefit costs of $920,000. We also incurred $3,234,000 of costs related to the transfer of our printer manufacturing to a third-party manufacturer and the closure of our Warwick, Rhode Island, supplies manufacturing facility. In addition, we incurred costs in the amount of $577,000 to move our High Wycombe, UK location into a new facility.
Enterprise Solutions Group
Operating loss
During 2007, Zebra acquired three companies which are being combined to make up our Enterprise Solutions Group (ESG). On January 25, 2007, we acquired WhereNet Corp., a provider of active radio frequency identification (RFID) based wireless solutions used to track and manage enterprise assets. On July 2, 2007, we acquired proveo AG, a provider of complete hardware and software systems for tracking motorized vehicles using global positioning systems (GPS). On December 14, 2007, we acquired Navis Holdings, LLC., a provider of software solutions to optimize the flow of goods through marine terminals and other operations managing cargo movement through ports and intermodal facilities. Together, these companies give Zebra the ability to deliver more high-value applications that help our customers identify, track and manage assets, transactions and people.
Sales and gross margins for both 2007 and 2008 are being affected by deferred revenue adjustments mandated by the purchase accounting requirements. Only a portion of the deferred revenue is allowed to be recognized on contracts that were in process at the acquisition dates. In addition, due to the timing of these acquisitions throughout 2007, the first quarter revenue and expense amounts for 2007 only reflect a portion of the operating expenses for ESG.
ESG operating expenses for the first quarter of 2008 reflect normal spending rates and should continue at this rate going forward. Operating expenses for ESG include amortization expense of $3,039,000 for the first quarter of 2008, and $932,000 for the first quarter of 2007. A charge for acquired in process technology $1,853,000 was also included in the first quarter of 2007.
On April 1, 2008, Zebra acquired all of the outstanding stock of Multispectral Solutions, Inc. (MSSI). MSSI is a global provider of ultra wideband (UWB) real-time locating systems and other UWB-based wireless technology. MSSI will become part of the Enterprise Solutions Group.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 29, 2008, Zebra had $306,284,000 in cash and investment and marketable securities, compared with $281,179,000 at December 31, 2007. Factors affecting cash and investment balances during the first three months of 2008 include (note that changes discussed below include the impact of foreign currency):
Operations provided cash in the amount of $32,204,000, primarily from net income.
Accounts receivable increased $21,393,000 year-to-date because of higher sales. Days sales outstanding increased to 64 days in the first quarter of 2008 compared to 59 days at the end of 2007.
Inventories increased $3,834,000. Inventory turns remained at 5.6 during the first quarter of 2008 compared to the end of 2007.
Accounts payable increased $2,901,000, due to timing of vendor payments.
Taxes payable increased $12,534,000 because of the timing of tax payments.
Purchases of property and equipment totaled $5,909,000.
Net purchases of investments totaled $16,349,000.
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Purchases of treasury shares totaled $24,600,000. Zebra made open market repurchases of our shares under authorizations of the Board of Directors dated July 30, 2007 and February 25, 2008. An additional 277,187 shares had been repurchased for $9,153,000 as of March 29, 2008, but the cash had not yet been transferred.
Stock option exercises and purchases under the stock purchase plan contributed $667,000.
In February 2008, we announced that printer manufacturing is being transferred to a third-party manufacturer. This transition is expected to occur over the next 18 to 24 months. See Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for further information.
Management believes that existing capital resources and funds generated from operations are sufficient to finance anticipated capital requirements. It is our intention to actively pursue opportunities to acquire other businesses.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management prepared the consolidated financial statements of Zebra Technologies Corporation under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These principles require the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions we used are reasonable, based upon the information available.
Our estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts in our financial statements. The following accounting policies comprise those that we believe are the most critical in understanding and evaluating Zebra’s reported financial results.
Revenue Recognition
Product revenue is recognized once four criteria are met: (1) we have persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred and title has passed to the customer, which happens at the point of shipment provided that no significant obligations remain; (3) the price is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Other items that affect our revenue recognition include:
Customer Returns
Customers have the right to return products that do not function properly within a limited time after delivery. We monitor and track product returns and record a provision for the estimated future returns based on historical experience and any notification received of pending returns. Returns have historically been within expectations and the provisions established, but Zebra cannot guarantee that it will continue to experience return rates consistent with historical patterns. Historically, our product returns have not been significant. However, if a significant issue should arise, it could have a material impact on our financial statements.
Growth Rebates
Some of our channel program partners are offered incentive rebates based on the attainment of specific growth targets related to products they purchase from us over a quarter or year. These rebates are recorded as a reduction to revenue. Each quarter, we estimate the amount of outstanding growth rebates and establish a reserve for them based on shipment history. Historically, actual growth rebates have been in line with our estimates.
Price Protection
Some of our customers are offered price protection by Zebra as an incentive to carry inventory of our product. These price protection plans provide that if we lower prices, we will credit them for the price decrease on inventory they hold. We estimate future payments under price protection programs quarterly and establish a reserve, which is charged against revenue. Our customers typically carry limited amounts of inventory, and Zebra infrequently lowers prices on current products. As a result, the amounts paid under these plans have been minimal.
Software Revenue
We sell four types of software and record revenue as follows:
Our Enterprise Solutions Group has fixed fee software implementation projects, for which we use the percentage of completion method for revenue recognition. Under this method of accounting,
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we recognize revenue based on the ratio of costs incurred to total estimated costs. If increases in projected costs-to-complete are sufficient to create a loss contract, the entire estimated loss is charged to operations in the period the loss first becomes known.
Our printers contain embedded firmware, which is part of the hardware purchase. We consider the sale of this firmware to be incidental to the sale of the printer and do not attribute any revenue to it.
We sell a limited amount of prepackaged, or off-the-shelf, software for the creation of bar code labels using our printers. There is no customization required to use this software, and we have no post-shipment obligations on the software. Revenue is recognized at the time this prepackaged software is shipped.
We sometimes provide custom software as part of a printer installation project. We bill custom software development services separate from the related hardware. Revenue related to custom software is recognized once the custom software development services have been completed and accepted by the customer.
Shipping and Handling
We charge our customers for shipping and handling services based upon our internal price list for these items. The amounts billed to customers are recorded as revenue when the product ships. Any costs incurred related to these services are included in cost of sales.
From time to time, Zebra will enter into sales transactions that include more than one product type. This bundle of products might include printers, current or future supplies, and services. When this type of transaction occurs, we allocate the purchase price to each product type based on the fair value of the individual products. The revenue for each individual product is then recognized when the recognition criteria for that product is fully met.
Investments and Marketable Securities
Investments and marketable securities at March 29, 2008, consisted of the following:
We classify our debt and marketable equity securities in one of three categories: trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Trading securities are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. Held-to-maturity securities are those debt securities that Zebra has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. All securities not included in trading or held-to-maturity are classified as available-for-sale except for partnership interests described below.
Trading and available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at amortized cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of discounts or premiums. Unrealized holding gains and losses on trading securities are included in earnings. Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity until realized. As of March 29, 2008, Zebra’s investments in marketable debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. In addition, as of March 29, 2008, all of our investments in marketable debt securities with maturities greater than one year are classified as long-term in the balance sheet due to our ability and intent to hold them until maturity.
All investments in marketable securities except the partnership interests are classified as available-for-sale securities. We account for the partnership interests using the costs method until our ownership percentage in a partnership reaches 5% of the total partnership portfolio value. At that time, we begin using the equity method to account for the partnership. During 2006, we reached the 5% threshold on one of our partnership interests. During 2007, we liquidated this partnership. During the fourth quarter of 2007, we also liquidated 95% of two other partnership interests, with the balances in all remaining partnership interests to be liquidated in 2008.
Accounts Receivable
We have standardized credit granting and review policies and procedures for all customer accounts, including:
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Credit reviews of all new customer accounts,
Ongoing credit evaluations of current customers,
Credit limits and payment terms based on available credit information,
Adjustments to credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current credit worthiness, and
An active collection effort by regional credit functions, reporting directly to the corporate financial officers.
We reserve for estimated credit losses based upon historical experience and specific customer collection issues. Over the last three years, accounts receivable reserves varied from 0.6% to 3.3% of total accounts receivable. Accounts receivable reserves as of March 29, 2008, were $5,384,000, or 3.0% of the balance due. We feel this reserve level is appropriate considering the quality of the portfolio as of March 29, 2008. While credit losses have historically been within expectations and the provisions established, we cannot guarantee that our credit loss experience will continue to be consistent with historical experience.
We value our inventories at the lower of the actual cost to purchase or manufacture using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, or the current estimated market value. We review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on forecasts of product demand and production requirements for the subsequent twelve months.
Over the last three years, our reserves for excess and obsolete inventories have ranged from 8.2% to 14.2% of gross inventory. As of March 29, 2008, inventory reserves were $7,967,000, or 8.2% of gross inventory. We feel this reserve level is appropriate considering the quantities and quality of the inventories as of March 29, 2008.
Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets and Goodwill
We test the impairment of goodwill each year or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We completed our last assessment during June 2007. At that time, no adjustment to goodwill was necessary due to impairment.
If we believe that one or more of the above indicators of impairment have occurred and the undiscounted cash flow test is failed in the case of amortizable assets, we measure impairment based on projected discounted cash flows using a discount rate that incorporates the risk inherent in the cash flows. Net intangible assets, long-lived assets and goodwill amounted to $432,673,000 as of March 29, 2008.
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Income Taxes
On January 1, 2007, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”. According to FIN No. 48, we identified, evaluated, and measured the amount of income tax benefits to be recognized for all of our income tax positions. The net income tax assets recognized under FIN No. 48 did not differ from the net assets recognized before adoption, and, therefore, we did not record an adjustment related to the adoption of FIN No. 48. Zebra did not have any unrecognized tax benefits as of March 29, 2008.
Zebra has concluded all U.S. federal income tax audits for years through 2003. The tax years 2002 through 2006 remain open to examination by multiple state taxing jurisdictions.
Contingencies
We record estimated liabilities related to contingencies based on our estimates of the probable outcomes. Quarterly, we assess the potential liability related to pending litigation, tax audits and other contingencies and confirm or revise estimates and reserves as appropriate.
For a discussion of open legal matters, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stock-based Compensation
As of March 29, 2008, Zebra had an active stock option plan and a stock purchase plan available for future grants. We accounted for these plans in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payments. Zebra recognizes compensation costs over the vesting period of 1 month to 5 years. See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for further information.
Significant Customer
ScanSource, Inc. is our most significant customer. Our net sales to ScanSource, Inc., an international distributor of Zebra products, as a percentage of total net sales, were as follows:
For the three months ended
No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total net sales during these time periods.
Safe Harbor
Forward-looking statements contained in this filing are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are highly dependent upon a variety of important factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward looking statements. These factors include:
Market acceptance of Zebra’s printer and software products and competitors’ product offerings and the potential effects of technological changes,
The effect of market conditions in North America and other geographic regions,
Our ability to control manufacturing and operating costs, including the success of migrating final printer product assembly offshore to a third-party manufacturer,
Success of integrating acquisitions,
Interest rate and financial market conditions because of our large investment portfolio,
Foreign exchange rates due to the large percentage of our international sales and operations, and
The outcome of litigation in which Zebra is involved, particularly litigation or claims related to infringement of third-party intellectual property rights.
When used in this document and documents referenced, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “will” and “expect” and similar expressions as they relate to Zebra or its management are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. We encourage readers of this report to review Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, for a further discussion of issues that could affect Zebra’s future
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results. Zebra undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason after the date of this report.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There were no material changes in Zebra’s market risk during the quarter ended March 29, 2008. For additional information on market risk, refer to the “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” section of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report for further discussion of investments and marketable securities.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. The controls evaluation was conducted under the supervision of our Disclosure Committee, and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Office and Chief Financial Officer, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that (i) the information required to be disclosed by us in this report on Form 10-Q was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Zebra completed acquisitions of WhereNet Corp., and Navis Holding, LLC during 2007. In our report on internal controls included in our Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2007, we excluded these acquisitions from the scope. For our report on internal controls to be included in Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2008, these acquisitions will be included in the scope. Management is currently in the process of documenting and evaluating the internal controls for these acquisitions.
In January 2008, Zebra began a program to update substantially all of its key financial systems over a three year period. As pieces of these systems are completed, they will be subject to the requirements related to internal controls over financial reporting. The requirements for internal controls over financial reporting will be a fundamental element of the design and implementation of these systems.
During 2008, we made additional changes to our controls and procedures as part of our ongoing monitoring of our controls. However, none of these changes has materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Office and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Zebra have been detected.
These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
In addition to the other information included in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, and the factors identified under “Safe Harbor” at the end of Item 2 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing Zebra. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and/or operating results.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Treasury Shares
During the first quarter of 2008, Zebra purchased 1,029,187 shares of Zebra’s Class A Common Stock as follows:
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period
January 2008 (January 1 – January 26)
February 2008 (January 27 – February 23)
March 2008 (February 24 – March 29)
(1) On August 1, 2007, Zebra announced that the Board authorized the purchase of 3,000,000 shares of Zebra common stock at prices to be determined at management’s discretion. The authorization did not have an expiration. On February 25, 2008, Zebra announced that the Board authorized the purchase of an additional 3,000,000 shares under the same terms. The final shares authorized by the Board in 2007 were purchased during the quarter ended March 29, 2008, and all shares remaining authorized for purchase at March 29, 2008 were authorized under the Board’s 2008 authorization.
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Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
/s/ Anders Gustafsson
/s/ Charles R. Whitchurch
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