1 ================================================================================ SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 -------------------- FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998 Commission file number 1-12672 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) -------------------- <TABLE> <CAPTION> <S> <C> Maryland 77-0404318 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) </TABLE> 2900 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 300 Alexandria, Virginia 22314 (Address of principal executive office, including zip code) (703) 329-6300 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) -------------------- Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: <TABLE> <S> <C> Common Stock, par value $.01 per share New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange Preferred Stock Purchase Rights New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange 8.50% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange par value $.01 per share 8.00% Series D Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange par value $.01 per share 9.00% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange par value $.01 per share 8.96% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange par value $.01 per share 8.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, New York Stock Exchange, Pacific Exchange par value $.01 per share (Title of each class) (Name of each exchange on which registered) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None </TABLE> Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve (12) months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety (90) days. Yes [X] No [ ] Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ] The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the Registrant, as of March 1, 1999 was $2,015,257,270. The number of shares of the Registrant's Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of March 1, 1999 was 64,103,611. Documents Incorporated by Reference ----------------------------------- Portions of AvalonBay Communities Inc.'s Proxy Statement for the 1999 annual meeting of stockholders, a definitive copy of which will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K, are incorporated by reference herein as portions of Part III of this Form 10-K. ================================================================================
2 TABLE OF CONTENTS <TABLE> <CAPTION> PAGE ---- PART I <S> <C> ITEM 1. BUSINESS...................................................................................1 ITEM 2. COMMUNITIES................................................................................5 ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.........................................................................29 ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF STOCKHOLDERS...........................................29 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS..............................................................30 ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA...................................................................31 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS..............................................34 ITEM 7a. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK......................................................................53 ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA...............................................54 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE...........................................54 PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT............................................54 ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION....................................................................54 ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT...................................................................54 ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS............................................54 PART IV ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K..............................................................55 SIGNATURES ..........................................................................................60 </TABLE>
3 PART I This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company's actual results could differ materially from those set forth in each forward-looking statement. Certain factors that might cause such a difference are discussed in the section entitled "Forward-Looking Statements" on page 34 of this Form 10-K. ITEM 1. BUSINESS General AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, except as the context may otherwise require, the "Company") is a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Company focuses on the ownership and operation of institutional-quality apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. These markets are located in Northern and Southern California and selected states in the Mid-Atlantic, Northeast, Midwest and Pacific Northwest regions of the country. The Company is the surviving corporation from the merger (the "Merger") of Avalon Properties, Inc. ("Avalon") with and into the Company (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "Bay" before the Merger) on June 4, 1998. In connection with the Merger, the Company changed its name from Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. to AvalonBay Communities, Inc. As of March 1, 1999, the Company owned or had an interest in 127 apartment communities containing 37,910 apartment homes in sixteen states and the District of Columbia, of which 13 communities containing 4,854 apartment homes were under redevelopment. The Company also owned 14 communities under development that will contain 3,262 apartment homes and rights to develop an additional 27 communities that, if developed, will contain an estimated 7,239 apartment homes. The Company obtains ownership in an apartment community by developing vacant land into a new community or by acquiring and either repositioning or redeveloping an existing community. In selecting sites for development, redevelopment or acquisition, the Company favors locations with close proximity to expanding employment centers and convenience to recreation areas, entertainment, shopping and dining. The Company's principal operating objectives are to increase operating cash flow and Funds from Operations ("FFO") and, as a result, long-term stockholder value. Management's strategies to achieve these objectives include: - - generating consistent, sustained earnings growth at each community through increased revenue (balancing high occupancy with premium pricing) and increased operating margins (from aggressive operating expense management); - - investing selectively in new acquisition, development and redevelopment communities in certain targeted market areas with high barriers-to-entry and, when appropriate, selectively disposing of communities which no longer meet the Company's investment objectives; and - - maintaining a conservative capital structure to provide continued access to capital markets at a low cost. Management believes that these strategies are generally best implemented by acquiring, building, rebuilding and managing institutional-quality assets in supply-constrained markets while maintaining the financial discipline to ensure balance sheet flexibility. Management believes that these strategies will lead to higher occupancy levels, increased rental rates and predictable and growing cash flow, although the Company cannot provide assurance that such results will be achieved. Acquisition and Disposition Strategy. The Company's acquisition strategy generally has focused on individual, opportunistic investments. During 1997, however, Bay and Avalon each completed significant portfolio acquisitions, Bay in Southern California and Avalon in the Midwest. In addition, during March 1998, Avalon announced that it had agreed to purchase ten communities to be developed (i.e., a purchase on a presale basis) from 1
4 an unaffiliated developer primarily in the Pacific Northwest and Midwest regions of the country. The presale acquisitions are expected to close during the next 9 to 42 months. The ten presale communities are to be acquired for an estimated aggregate purchase price of $387 million. Together, these communities are expected to contain 2,980 apartment homes when completed. The Company will manage these communities after acquiring ownership. This expansion is consistent with the Company's strategy to achieve long term earnings growth by providing a high quality platform for expansion while also providing additional economic and geographic diversity. These portfolio acquisitions achieved rapid penetration into supply-constrained markets new to Avalon and Bay. Management believes that through the Company's acquisition strategy, the Company has now targeted and penetrated many of the high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. The Company expects to continue the disposition of assets that do not meet its long-term strategic vision. While current market conditions prevail, Management anticipates reinvesting capital obtained from dispositions into development and redevelopment of existing communities that offer greater investment returns and long-term growth potential than those communities identified for disposition. However, the Company cannot provide assurance that it will be able to complete its disposition strategy or that assets identified for sale can be sold on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Development Strategy. Management's development strategy is to carefully select land for development and to follow established procedures that are designed to minimize both the cost and the risks of development. As one of the largest developers of multifamily apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States, the Company's regional offices identify development opportunities through their local market presence and access to local market information. In addition to the Company's principal executive offices in Alexandria, Virginia, the Company maintains super-regional offices in San Jose, California and Wilton, Connecticut. The Company also has regional acquisition, development, redevelopment, construction, reconstruction or administrative offices in or near Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Minneapolis, Minnesota; New York, New York; Newport Beach, California; Princeton, New Jersey; Richmond, Virginia; and Seattle, Washington. After selecting a target site, the Company negotiates for the right to acquire the site either through an option or a long-term conditional contract. After land is acquired, the focus is generally shifted to construction. Except for certain mid-rise and high-rise apartment communities where third-party general contractors have historically been used, the Company has acted as its own general contractor. Management believes this achieves higher quality, greater control over schedules and significant cost savings. Construction progress is monitored by the development team and the property management team to ensure high quality workmanship and a smooth and timely transition into the leasing and operational phase. Redevelopment Strategy. The Company's redevelopment strategy is to selectively seek existing under-managed apartment communities in fully-developed neighborhoods and create value by substantially re-building them at significantly below replacement cost to a quality which is believed to be the highest quality apartment community or best rental value for an institutional-quality apartment community in its local area. Procedures have been established that are designed to minimize both the cost and risks of redevelopment. Redevelopment progress is monitored by redevelopment teams, which include key redevelopment, construction and property management personnel. The Company's Management believes significant cost savings are achieved by acting as its own general contractor. More importantly, this ensures high quality design and workmanship and a smooth and timely transition into the lease-up and re-stabilization phase. Property Management Strategy. Management intends to increase earnings through innovative, proactive property management that will result in higher revenue from communities. Intense focus on resident satisfaction, increasing rents as market conditions permit and managing community occupancy for optimal rental revenue levels comprise the Company's principal strategies for maximizing revenue. Generally, lease terms are staggered based on vacancy exposure by apartment type, so that lease expirations are better matched to each community's traffic patterns. On-site property management teams receive bonuses based largely upon the net operating income produced at their respective communities. The Company is also pursuing ancillary services which could provide additional revenue sources. Controlling operating expenses is another way in which Management intends to increase earnings growth. An increase in growth in the Company's portfolio and the resulting increase in revenue allows for fixed operating costs to be spread over a larger volume of revenue, thereby increasing operating margins. The Company also 2
5 aggressively pursues real estate tax appeals and scrutinizes other operating costs. Invoices are recorded on-site to ensure the careful monitoring of budgeted versus actual expenses, supplies are purchased in bulk where possible, third-party contracts are bid on a volume basis, turnover work is performed in-house or by third-parties generally depending upon the least costly alternative and preventive maintenance is undertaken regularly to maximize resident satisfaction and property and equipment life. In addition, the Company strives to retain residents through high levels of service in order to eliminate the cost of preparing an apartment home for a new resident and to reduce marketing and utilities costs. The Company also manages properties for third parties, believing that doing so will provide information about new markets or provide an acquisition opportunity, thereby enhancing opportunities for growth. Financing Strategy. The Company has consistently maintained, and intends to continue to maintain, a conservative capital structure, largely comprised of common equity. At December 31, 1998, debt-to-total market capitalization was 35.7%, and permanent long-term floating rate debt (not including borrowings under the Unsecured Facility) was only 1.4% of total market capitalization. Management currently intends to limit long-term floating rate debt to less than 10% of total market capitalization, although that policy may change from time to time. The industry and the Company have seen a reduction in the availability of cost effective capital over the last nine months. No assurance can be provided that cost effective capital will be available to meet future expenditures required to commence planned reconstruction activity or the construction of the Development Rights (as hereinafter defined). Before planned reconstruction activity or the construction of a Development Right commences, the Company intends to arrange adequate liquidity sources to complete such undertakings, although no assurance can be given in this regard. Management estimates that a significant portion of the Company's liquidity needs will be met from retained operating cash and borrowings under the Company's $600,000,000 variable rate unsecured credit facility (the "Unsecured Facility"). At March 1, 1999, $285,500,000 was outstanding, $30,200,000 was used to provide letters of credit and $284,300,000 was available for borrowing under the Unsecured Facility. To meet the balance of the Company's liquidity needs, it will be necessary to arrange additional capacity under the Company's existing Unsecured Facility, sell existing communities and/or issue additional debt or equity securities. While Management believes the Company has the financial position to expand its short term credit capacity and support such capital markets activity, no assurance can be provided that the Company will be successful in completing these arrangements, sales or offerings. If these transactions cannot be completed on a cost-effective basis, then a continuation of the current capital market conditions described herein could have a material adverse impact on the operating results and financial condition of the Company, including the abandonment of deferred development costs and a charge to earnings. Strong Earnings Growth Record. Earnings growth for 1998 was greater than the two predecessor companies would have achieved separately. This is reflected in the 17.5% increase in dividends declared for 1998 as compared to Bay's dividends for 1997 and a 21% quarter-to-quarter increase. Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 1998, FFO (reflecting the operating results for Bay through June 4, 1998 and for the combined company after that date) increased to $144,152,000 from $62,417,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997. Management generally considers FFO to be an appropriate measure of the Company's operating performance because it provides investors with an understanding of the Company's ability to incur and service debt and to make capital expenditures. Management believes that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of the Company's operating results, FFO should be examined in conjunction with net income as presented in the Company's consolidated financial statements. FFO is determined in accordance with a definition adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, and is defined as net income (loss) computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), excluding gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and sales of property, plus depreciation of real estate assets and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint 3
6 ventures. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered an alternative to net income as an indication of the Company's performance or to net cash flows from operating activities as determined by GAAP as a measure of liquidity and is not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. Further, FFO as disclosed by other REITs may not be comparable to the Company's calculation of FFO. Inflation and Tax Matters Substantially all of the leases at the Current Communities (as hereinafter defined) are for a term of one year or less, which may enable the Company to realize increased rents upon renewal of existing leases or commencement of new leases. Such short-term leases generally minimize the risk to the Company of the adverse effects of inflation, although as a general rule these leases permit residents to leave at the end of the lease term without penalty. The Company's current policy is to permit residents to terminate leases upon a 60-day written notice and payment of one month's rental as compensation for early termination. Short-term leases combined with relatively consistent demand allow rents, and therefore, cash flow from the portfolio to provide an attractive inflation hedge. The Company filed an election with its initial federal income tax return to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and intends to maintain its qualification as a REIT in the future. As a qualified REIT, with limited exceptions, the Company will not be taxed under federal and certain state income tax laws at the corporate level on its net income to the extent net income is distributed to the Company's stockholders. In addition, due to non-cash charges such as depreciation and amortization, the Company expects that the cash it will distribute to its stockholders will exceed its net income. Under current tax law, this excess, to the extent distributed, will be treated by stockholders as a non-taxable return of capital that will reduce the stockholders' basis in the shares of the Company's Common Stock. Environmental Matters Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real estate may be required (in many instances regardless of knowledge or responsibility) to investigate and remediate the effects of hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at such property and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage and for investigation and remediation costs incurred by such parties in connection with the contamination, which may be substantial. The presence of such substances (or the failure to properly remediate the contamination) may adversely affect the owner's ability to borrow against, sell or rent such property. In addition, some environmental laws create a lien on the contaminated site in favor of the government for damages and costs it incurs in connection with the contamination. Certain federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances govern the removal, encapsulation or disturbance of asbestos-containing materials ("ACMs") when such materials are in poor condition or in the event of construction, remodeling, renovation or demolition of a building. Such laws may impose liability for release of ACMs and may provide for third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with ACMs. In connection with its ownership and operation of the communities, the Company potentially may be liable for such costs. The Company is not aware that any ACMs were used in connection with the construction of the communities developed by the Company or by Avalon prior to the Merger. However, the Company is aware that ACMs were used in connection with the construction of certain communities acquired by the Company. The Company does not anticipate that it will incur any material liabilities in connection with the presence of ACMs at these communities. The Company currently has or intends to implement an operations and maintenance program for ACMs at each of the communities at which ACMs have been detected. All of the Company's stabilized operating communities, and all of the communities that are currently being developed or redeveloped, have been subjected to a Phase I or similar environmental assessment (which generally does not involve invasive techniques such as soil or ground water sampling). These assessments have not revealed any environmental conditions that the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on its business, assets, financial condition or results of operations. The Company is not aware of any other environmental conditions which would have such a material adverse effect. 4
7 However, the Company is aware that the migration of contamination from an upgradient landowner near Toscana, a community owned by the Company, has affected the groundwater there. The upgradient landowner is undertaking remedial response actions and the Company expects that the upgradient landowner will take all necessary remediation actions. The upgradient landowner has also provided an indemnity that runs to current and future owners of the Toscana property and upon which the Company may be able to rely if it incurs environmental liability arising from the groundwater contamination. The Company is also aware that certain communities have lead paint and the Company is undertaking or intends to undertake appropriate remediation or management activity. Additionally, prior to their respective initial public offerings, Bay and Avalon had each been occasionally involved in developing, managing, leasing and operating various properties for third parties. Consequently, each may be considered to have been an operator of such properties and, therefore, potentially liable for removal or remediation costs or other potential costs which could relate to hazardous or toxic substances. The Company is not aware of any material environmental liabilities with respect to properties managed or developed by either Bay or Avalon for such third parties. The Company cannot provide assurance that: - the environmental assessments identified all potential environmental liabilities; - no prior owner created any material environmental condition not known to the Company or the consultants who prepared the assessments; - no environmental liabilities developed since such environmental assessments were prepared; - the condition of land or operations in the vicinity of the Company's communities (such as the presence of underground storage tanks) will not affect the environmental condition of such communities; or - future uses or conditions (including, without limitation, changes in applicable environmental laws and regulations) will not result in the imposition of environmental liability. ITEM 2. COMMUNITIES The Company's real estate investments as of March 1, 1999 consist primarily of apartment communities in various stages of the development cycle and land or land options held for development. Such investments can be divided into three categories: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Number of Number of communities apartment homes ----------- --------------- <S> <C> <C> Current Communities 127 37,910 Development Communities 14 3,262 Development Rights 27 7,239 (*) </TABLE> (*) Represents an estimate "Current Communities" are apartment communities where construction is complete and the community has either reached stabilized occupancy or is in the initial lease-up process or under redevelopment. Current Communities include the following sub-classifications: Stabilized Communities. Represents all Current Communities that have completed initial lease-up by attaining physical occupancy levels of at least 95% or have been completed for one year, whichever 5
8 occurs earlier. For evaluation purposes, the Company regards each Stabilized Community as falling into one of three categories: - West Coast Established Communities. Represents all Stabilized Communities owned by Bay as of January 1, 1997, with stabilized operating costs as of January 1, 1997 such that a comparison of 1997 operating results to 1998 operating results is meaningful. As of March 1, 1999, there were 22 West Coast Established Communities containing 5,702 apartment homes. - East Coast Established Communities. Represents all Stabilized Communities owned by Avalon as of January 1, 1997 and subsequently acquired by the Company in connection with the Merger, with stabilized operating costs as of January 1, 1997 such that a comparison of 1997 operating results to 1998 operating results is meaningful. As of March 1, 1999, there were 34 East Coast Established Communities containing 10,171 apartment homes. - Other Stabilized Communities. Represents Stabilized Communities as defined above, but which attained such classification or were acquired after January 1, 1997. As of March 1, 1999, there were 57 Other Stabilized Communities containing 16,473 apartment homes. Lease-Up Communities. Represents all Current Communities where construction has been complete for less than one year and the communities are in the initial lease-up process. As of March 1, 1999, there was currently one Lease-Up Community containing 710 apartment homes. Redevelopment Communities. Represents all Current Communities where substantial redevelopment has either begun or is scheduled to begin. Redevelopment is considered substantial when additional capital invested during the reconstruction effort exceeds the lesser of $5 million or 10% of the community's acquisition cost. As of March 1, 1999, there were 13 Redevelopment Communities containing 4,854 apartment homes. "Development Communities" are communities that are under construction and may be partially complete and operating and for which a final certificate of occupancy has not been received. "Development Rights" are development opportunities in the early phase of the development process for which the Company has an option to acquire land or owns land to develop a new community and where related pre-development costs have been incurred and capitalized in pursuit of these new developments. The Company's holdings under each of the above categories are discussed on the following pages. Current Communities The Current Communities are primarily garden-style apartment communities consisting of two-and three-story buildings in landscaped settings. The Current Communities, as of March 1, 1999, include 109 garden-style, 13 high-rise and 5 mid-rise apartment communities. The Current Communities offer many attractive amenities including vaulted ceilings, lofts, fireplaces, patios/decks and modern appliances. Other features, at various communities, include swimming pools, fitness centers, tennis courts and business centers. The Company also has an extensive and ongoing maintenance program to keep all communities and apartment homes free of deferred maintenance and, where vacant, available for immediate occupancy. Management believes that excellent design and service oriented property management focused on the specific needs of residents enhances market appeal to discriminating residents and will ultimately achieve higher rental rates and occupancy levels while minimizing resident turnover and operating expenses. These Current Communities are institutional-quality multifamily apartment communities located in the following six geographic markets: 6
9 <TABLE> <CAPTION> Number of Number of apartment Percentage of total communities at homes at apartment homes at --------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ 1-1-98 3-1-99 1-1-98 3-1-99 1-1-98 3-1-99 ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> NORTHERN CALIFORNIA 37 35 9,900 9,538 64.1% 25.2% Alameda County, CA 9 9 2,523 2,523 16.3% 6.7% Central Valley, CA 5 3 1,502 850 9.7% 2.2% San Francisco, CA 5 5 1,062 1,062 6.9% 2.8% San Mateo County, CA 3 3 703 703 4.6% 1.9% Santa Clara County, CA 15 15 4,110 4,400 26.6% 11.6% SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 14 18 4,850 5,816 31.4% 15.3% Los Angeles, CA 5 6 2,336 2,561 15.1% 6.8% Orange County, CA 6 8 1,574 2,022 10.2% 5.3% San Diego, CA 3 4 940 1,233 6.1% 3.2% PACIFIC NORTHWEST 3 5 691 1,376 4.5% 3.6% Portland, OR 1 1 279 279 1.8% 0.7% Seattle, WA 2 4 412 1,097 2.7% 2.9% NORTHEAST -- 27 -- 9,021 -- 23.8% Boston, MA -- 8 -- 2,375 -- 6.3% Fairfield County, CT -- 7 -- 2,234 -- 5.9% Hartford, CT -- 1 -- 932 -- 2.4% Long Island, NY -- 3 -- 575 -- 1.5% Northern New Jersey -- 1 -- 504 -- 1.3% Philadelphia, PA -- 4 -- 1,504 -- 4.0% Westchester, NY -- 3 -- 897 -- 2.4% MID-ATLANTIC -- 30 -- 8,825 -- 23.3% Baltimore, MD -- 4 -- 1,052 -- 2.8% Norfolk, VA -- 4 -- 904 -- 2.4% Northern Virgina -- 10 -- 3,711 -- 9.8% Richmond, VA -- 4 -- 1,103 -- 2.9% Southern Maryland -- 7 -- 1,747 -- 4.6% Washington, DC -- 1 -- 308 -- 0.8% MIDWEST -- 12 -- 3,334 -- 8.8% Chicago, IL -- 3 -- 887 -- 2.3% Cincinnati, OH -- 1 -- 264 -- 0.7% Detroit, MI -- 1 -- 225 -- 0.6% Indianapolis, IN -- 2 -- 376 -- 1.0% Minneapolis, MN -- 4 -- 1,102 -- 2.9% St. Louis, MO -- 1 -- 480 -- 1.3% ------ ------- ------------ ----------- ------------------------ 54 127 15,441 37,910 100.0% 100.0% ====== ======= ============ =========== ======================== </TABLE> All of the Current Communities are managed and operated by the Company. During the year ended December 31, 1998, the Company completed construction of 1,770 apartment homes in four communities for a total cost of $224.8 million. The average age of the Current Communities, on a weighted average basis according to number of apartment homes, is approximately nine years. Of the Current Communities, the Company held a fee simple ownership interest in 109 operating communities (one of which is on land subject to a 149 year land lease); a general partnership interest in four partnerships that hold a fee simple interest in four other operating communities; a general partnership interest in four partnerships structured as "DownREITs" that own 13 communities; and a 100% interest in a senior participating mortgage note secured by one community. In each of the four partnerships structured as "DownREITs", the Company is the general partner and there are one or more limited partners whose interest in the partnership is denominated in "units of limited partnership interest" ("Units"). For each DownREIT partnership, limited partners who hold Units are entitled to receive certain distributions (a "Stated Distribution") prior to any distribution that such DownREIT partnership makes to the general partner. The Stated Distributions that are paid in respect of the DownREIT Units currently approximate the dividend rate applicable to shares of Common Stock of the Company. Each DownREIT partnership has been 7
10 structured in a manner that makes it unlikely that the limited partners thereof will be entitled to any greater distribution than the Stated Distribution. Each holder of Units has the right to require the DownREIT partnership that issued a Unit to redeem that Unit at a cash price equal to the then fair market value of a share of Common Stock of the Company, except that the Company has the right to acquire any Unit so presented for redemption for one share of Common Stock. As of March 1, 1999, there were 894,144 Units outstanding. The DownREIT partnerships are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. 8
11 PROFILE OF CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER APARTMENT HOME DATA) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Approx. rentable Average Physical Number of area Year built size occupancy City and State homes (Sq. Ft.) Acres or acquired (Sq. Ft,) at 12/31/98 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ALAMEDA COUNTY, CA Waterford Hayward, CA 544 451,520 11.1 1985/86 830 93.2% Hampton Place Fremont, CA 308 322,168 14.3 1992 1,046 96.4% Hacienda Gardens Pleasanton, CA 456 366,168 14.7 1988/94 803 93.2% Amador Oaks Dublin, CA 204 179,316 13.0 1989/97 879 94.6% Willow Creek Fremont, CA 235 192,700 3.5 1985 820 98.7% Alicante Fremont, CA 135 128,520 8.0 1992 952 94.1% Barrington Hills Hayward, CA 188 168,636 3.0 1986/94 897 97.3% Parc Centre Union City, CA 208 165,568 8.5 1973/96 796 96.2% Rivershore Bay Point, CA 245 206,290 12.0 1986/95 842 97.1% CENTRAL VALLEY, CA Governor's Square Sacramento, CA 302 292,336 8.1 1976/97 968 Redev. The Pointe Fairfield, CA 296 259,296 12.6 1991/95 876 96.6% Blairmore Rancho Cordova, CA 252 212,436 7.3 1986/94 843 94.8% SAN FRANCISCO, CA Crown Ridge San Rafael, CA 254 221,742 21.9 1973/96 873 95.7% Sunset Towers San Francisco, CA 243 172,044 16.0 1961/96 708 99.2% City Heights San Francisco, CA 185 109,335 1.4 1990/95 591 95.7% Village Square San Francisco, CA 154 126,434 2.6 1972/94 821 98.7% Crossbrook Rohnert Park, CA 226 163,850 9.0 1986/94 725 96.5% SAN MATEO COUNTY, CA Cedar Ridge Daly City, CA 195 141,375 8.0 1975/97 725 94.4% Regatta Bay Foster City, CA 288 212,544 11.0 1973/94 738 95.8% Sea Ridge Pacifica, CA 220 186,780 7.7 1971/95 849 97.3% SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CA Toscana Sunnyvale, CA 710 348,828 13.6 1998/96 491 Lease-Up Avalon at Town Center San Jose, CA 324 318,816 7.5 1995 984 90.4% Canyon Creek Campbell, CA 348 324,684 8.0 1995 933 97.4% CountryBrook San Jose, CA 360 323,280 14.0 1985/96 898 93.9% The Arbors Campbell, CA 252 197,064 8.5 1966/97 782 Redev. Creekside Mountain View, CA 294 215,796 13.0 1962/97 734 92.5% Rosewalk at Waterford Park I San Jose, CA 300 271,500 10.8 1997/96 905 94.0% The Fountains San Jose, CA 226 209,954 4.0 1990/96 929 95.6% Parkside Commons Sunnyvale, CA 192 199,296 8.0 1991/96 1,038 97.4% Villa Mariposa Mountain View, CA 248 209,312 4.0 1986 844 93.2% San Marino San Jose, CA 248 209,560 11.5 1984/88 845 98.0% The Promenade Sunnyvale, CA 220 159,720 5.0 1987/95 726 97.3% Foxchase I & II San Jose, CA 396 334,224 12.0 1986/87 844 93.4% Glen Creek Morgan Hill, CA 138 113,022 6.0 1989 819 87.0% Fairway Glen San Jose, CA 144 118,944 6.0 1986 826 93.8% </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Average Economic Average Occupancy Rental Rate (1) -------------------- ----------------- Financial $ per $ per Property reporting City and State 1998 1997 Apt Sq. Ft. EBITDA (2) cost (3) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ALAMEDA COUNTY, CA Waterford Hayward, CA 97.3% 97.2% $ 964 $ 1.13 $ 4,457 $ 42,423 Hampton Place Fremont, CA 96.5% 98.0% 1,425 1.31 3,973 36,402 Hacienda Gardens Pleasanton, CA 97.0% 96.4% 1,148 1.39 4,476 35,332 Amador Oaks Dublin, CA 96.8% 96.2% 1,223 1.35 2,024 25,069 Willow Creek Fremont, CA 97.3% 97.9% 1,192 1.41 2,470 18,186 Alicante Fremont, CA 96.0% 97.9% 1,351 1.36 1,586 16,098 Barrington Hills Hayward, CA 98.4% 97.5% 1,006 1.10 1,437 15,798 Parc Centre Union City, CA 97.3% 95.8% 993 1.21 1,667 14,612 Rivershore Bay Point, CA 96.3% 96.9% 751 0.86 1,041 14,544 CENTRAL VALLEY, CA Governor's Square Sacramento, CA Redev. Redev. 825 0.80 1,554 26,825 The Pointe Fairfield, CA 96.9% 96.6% 868 0.96 1,992 18,667 Blairmore Rancho Cordova, CA 97.5% 97.6% 618 0.71 1,035 10,722 SAN FRANCISCO, CA Crown Ridge San Rafael, CA 96.0% 82.7% 1,169 1.29 2,370 30,450 Sunset Towers San Francisco, CA Redev. Redev. 1,275 1.76 2,436 27,907 City Heights San Francisco, CA 98.6% 98.3% 1,322 2.21 2,127 17,099 Village Square San Francisco, CA 99.0% 98.5% 1,310 1.58 1,826 13,196 Crossbrook Rohnert Park, CA 98.6% 98.6% 816 1.11 1,328 12,468 SAN MATEO COUNTY, CA Cedar Ridge Daly City, CA Redev. Redev. 1,204 0.96 1,010 25,454 Regatta Bay Foster City, CA 94.1% 96.3% 1,244 1.59 3,173 24,480 Sea Ridge Pacifica, CA 98.3% 98.1% 1,207 1.40 2,329 17,814 SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CA Toscana Sunnyvale, CA Lease-Up Lease-Up 2,573 2.33 7,634 119,652 Avalon at Town Center San Jose, CA 96.8% 97.5% 1,533 1.51 4,551 37,447 Canyon Creek Campbell, CA 97.6% 98.3% 1,406 1.47 4,552 35,933 CountryBrook San Jose, CA 96.6% 97.0% 1,231 1.33 3,572 33,522 The Arbors Campbell, CA Redev. Redev. 941 0.61 737 30,624 Creekside Mountain View, CA Redev. Redev. 1,097 1.43 2,601 29,717 Rosewalk at Waterford Park I San Jose, CA 96.9% 94.9% 1,564 1.67 4,165 29,508 The Fountains San Jose, CA 97.1% 98.3% 1,592 1.66 3,329 29,314 Parkside Commons Sunnyvale, CA 97.0% 98.0% 1,593 1.49 2,711 25,733 Villa Mariposa Mountain View, CA 97.7% 99.0% 1,537 1.78 3,663 21,787 San Marino San Jose, CA 97.3% 97.3% 1,213 1.40 2,537 20,034 The Promenade Sunnyvale, CA 96.8% 98.1% 1,273 1.70 2,554 19,253 Foxchase I & II San Jose, CA 96.1% 97.5% 1,188 1.35 4,271 30,258 Glen Creek Morgan Hill, CA 95.1% 98.0% 1,202 1.40 1,369 10,068 Fairway Glen San Jose, CA 95.6% 96.4% 1,126 1.30 1,268 9,499 </TABLE> 9
12 PROFILE OF CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER APARTMENT HOME DATA) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Approx. rentable Average Physical Number of area Year built size occupancy City and State homes (Sq. Ft.) Acres or acquired (Sq. Ft,) at 12/31/98 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, CA Viewpointe Woodland Hills, CA 663 592,722 18.2 1989/97 894 Redev. Lakeside Burbank, CA 748 531,750 14.7 1969/97 711 Redev. Westwood Club Los Angeles, CA 363 229,416 4.8 1966/97 632 Redev. Arbor Heights Hacienda Heights, CA 351 277,290 20.0 1970/97 790 Redev. Warner Oaks Woodland Hills, CA 227 187,048 6.8 1978/98 824 Redev. TimberWood West Covina, CA 209 189,563 8.4 1972/97 907 96.7% ORANGE COUNTY, CA SunScape Huntington Beach, CA 400 352,800 16.4 1972/97 882 95.3% Pacifica Club Huntington Beach, CA 304 268,128 9.7 1971/97 882 85.0% Mill Creek Costa Mesa, CA 258 208,980 8.9 1973/96 810 91.5% Villa Serena Rncho Sta Margarita, CA 301 229,362 20.0 1990/97 762 97.3% Amberway Anaheim, CA 272 205,632 9.9 1983/98 756 Redev. Laguna Brisas Laguna Niguel, CA 176 176,000 10.0 1988/98 1,000 90.3% Lafayette Place Costa Mesa, CA 145 131,515 6.6 1956/96 907 97.9% Larkspur Canyon Mission Viejo, CA 166 124,832 7.8 1984/96 752 91.0% SAN DIEGO, CA Mission Bay Club San Diego, CA 564 402,132 5.7 1969/97 713 Redev. Cabrillo Square San Diego, CA 293 225,024 1.2 1973/98 768 97.0% Mission Woods San Diego, CA 200 212,000 4.0 1960/97 1,060 98.0% SummerWalk San Diego, CA 176 141,152 8.8 1982/97 802 95.5% PACIFIC NORTHWEST PORTLAND, OR Waterhouse Place Beaverton, OR 279 259,470 12.0 1990/97 930 Redev. SEATTLE, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek Redmond, WA 264 284,592 22.0 1998 1,078 73.1% Gallery Place Redmond, WA 222 206,016 22.0 1991/97 928 Redev. Avalon Ridge Renton, WA 421 432,000 20.0 1998 1,026 Redev. Avalon Westhaven Seattle, WA 190 150,100 9.0 1989/97 790 Redev. NORTHEAST BOSTON, MA Avalon at Prudential Center Boston, MA 781 734,753 1.0 1998 941 98.0% Longwood Towers Brookline, MA 333 226,000 4.2 1993 679 95.7% Avalon at Center Place Providence, RI 225 222,750 1.2 1997 990 90.9% Avalon Summit Quincy, MA 245 194,063 9.1 1996 792 95.9% Avalon at Lexington Lexington, MA 198 226,830 18.0 1994 1,146 91.4% Avalon at Faxon Park Quincy, MA 171 176,130 8.3 1998 1,030 94.7% Avalon West Westborough, MA 120 159,900 10.1 1996 1,333 95.8% FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CT Avalon Walk I & II Hamden, CT 764 760,740 38.4 1993/94 996 97.6% Avalon Glen Stamford, CT 238 221,685 4.1 1993/95 931 97.5% Avalon Gates Trumbull, CT 340 373,032 37.0 1997 1,097 97.4% Hanover Hall Stamford, CT 388 328,248 4.6 1998 846 90.7% Avalon Springs Wilton, CT 102 180,720 12.0 1997 1,772 100.0% </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Average Economic Average Occupancy Rental Rate (1) -------------------- ----------------- Financial $ per $ per Property reporting City and State 1998 1997 Apt Sq. Ft. EBITDA (2) cost (3) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, CA Viewpointe Woodland Hills, CA Redev. Redev. 996 0.95 4,406 68,190 Lakeside Burbank, CA Redev. Redev. 792 1.03 4,302 54,358 Westwood Club Los Angeles, CA Redev. Redev. 1,015 1.37 2,152 35,465 Arbor Heights Hacienda Heights, CA Redev. Redev. 748 0.81 1,673 25,623 Warner Oaks Woodland Hills, CA Redev. N/A 942 0.99 1,339 22,378 TimberWood West Covina, CA Redev. Redev. 826 0.78 938 14,713 ORANGE COUNTY, CA SunScape Huntington Beach, CA Redev. Redev. 945 0.92 2,382 36,966 Pacifica Club Huntington Beach, CA Redev. Redev. 874 0.92 1,949 27,934 Mill Creek Costa Mesa, CA 94.8% 95.9% 929 1.09 1,908 21,447 Villa Serena Rncho Sta Margarita, CA Redev. Redev. 872 1.12 1,811 19,798 Amberway Anaheim, CA Redev. N/A 736 0.89 1,401 18,734 Laguna Brisas Laguna Niguel, CA 90.0% N/A 944 0.85 995 18,614 Lafayette Place Costa Mesa, CA Redev. Redev. 1,056 1.03 1,046 15,485 Larkspur Canyon Mission Viejo, CA 94.0% 91.5% 864 1.08 1,014 12,737 SAN DIEGO, CA Mission Bay Club San Diego, CA Redev. Redev. 863 1.15 3,759 45,839 Cabrillo Square San Diego, CA 92.7% N/A 879 1.06 1,396 23,703 Mission Woods San Diego, CA Redev. Redev. 971 0.73 1,079 21,209 SummerWalk San Diego, CA 96.4% 95.1% 831 1.00 1,066 12,722 PACIFIC NORTHWEST PORTLAND, OR Waterhouse Place Beaverton, OR Redev. Redev. 680 0.64 1,089 18,446 SEATTLE, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek Redmond, WA 86.0% N/A 1,228 0.98 1,387 34,491 Gallery Place Redmond, WA Redev. Redev. 1,001 0.99 1,755 25,287 Avalon Ridge Renton, WA Redev. N/A 790 0.56 947 26,799 Avalon Westhaven Seattle, WA Redev. Redev. 700 0.82 878 11,540 NORTHEAST BOSTON, MA Avalon at Prudential Center Boston, MA 98.1% N/A 1,896 1.98 5,167 130,585 Longwood Towers Brookline, MA 98.3% N/A 1,592 2.30 2,372 51,519 Avalon at Center Place Providence, RI 93.8% N/A 1,838 1.74 1,550 35,707 Avalon Summit Quincy, MA 97.3% N/A 1,050 1.29 1,276 21,724 Avalon at Lexington Lexington, MA 94.2% N/A 1,679 1.38 1,624 19,650 Avalon at Faxon Park Quincy, MA 97.0% N/A 1,439 1.35 1,349 14,630 Avalon West Westborough, MA 97.7% N/A 1,375 1.01 816 14,294 FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CT Avalon Walk I & II Hamden, CT 98.2% N/A 1,051 1.04 3,998 80,336 Avalon Glen Stamford, CT 97.7% N/A 1,682 1.76 1,999 45,856 Avalon Gates Trumbull, CT 98.3% N/A 1,303 1.17 2,173 37,852 Hanover Hall Stamford, CT 90.9% N/A 1,110 1.19 250 37,670 Avalon Springs Wilton, CT 99.4% N/A 2,224 1.25 1,256 16,934 </TABLE> 10
13 PROFILE OF CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER APARTMENT HOME DATA) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Approx. rentable Average Physical Number of area Year built size occupancy City and State homes (Sq. Ft.) Acres or acquired (Sq. Ft,) at 12/31/98 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> HARTFORD, CT Avalon Pavilions Manchester, CT 932 849,700 46.3 1993 912 95.4% LONG ISLAND, NY Avalon Commons Smithtown, NY 312 374,360 20.6 1997 1,200 100.0% Avalon Towers Long Beach, NY 109 124,805 1.3 1995 1,145 97.3% Avalon Court Melville, NY 154 190,576 10.8 1997 1,238 98.7% NORTHERN NEW JERSEY Avalon Cove Jersey City, NJ 504 546,390 11.1 1997 1,084 98.6% PHILADELPHIA, PA Avalon Watch Lawrenceville, NJ 512 487,424 64.0 1993 952 96.1% Avalon Chase Marlton, NJ 360 312,840 58.5 1996 869 93.9% Avalon Run East Lawrenceville, NJ 206 260,670 27.0 1996 1,265 99.0% WESTCHESTER, NY Avalon Gardens Nanuet, NY 504 647,778 55.0 1998 1,285 99.0% Avalon View Fishkill, NJ 288 286,560 41.0 1993 995 98.6% Avalon Green Greenburgh, NY 105 115,930 16.9 1995 1,104 100.0% MID-ATLANTIC BALTIMORE, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II Columbia, MD 720 723,455 42.1 1993/96 1,005 97.0% Avalon at Symphony Glen Columbia, MD 174 178,350 10.0 1993 1,025 97.7% Avalon Landing Annapolis, MD 158 117,078 13.8 1995 741 96.8% NORFOLK, VA Avalon Birches Chesapeake, VA 312 262,920 20.9 1995 843 91.0% Avalon at Hampton I & II Hampton, VA 418 406,467 29.8 1993 972 91.2% Avalon Pines Virginia Beach, VA 174 142,854 9.7 1996 821 90.8% NORTHERN VIRGINIA Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Arlington, VA 454 420,908 2.3 1997 927 97.1% Quincy Towers Avalon Crescent McLean, VA 558 623,270 19.1 1997 1,117 97.3% Avalon at Park Center Alexandria, VA 492 382,200 8.5 1994 777 94.5% Avalon at Ballston - Washington Arlington, VA 344 294,808 4.1 1993 857 96.5% Towers Avalon at Cameron Court Alexandria, VA 460 488,496 16.0 1998 1,062 98.3% AutumnWoods Fairfax, VA 420 355,320 24.2 1996 846 97.9% Avalon Park Manassas, VA 372 302,808 26.0 1993 814 97.9% Avalon at Fair Lakes Fairfax, VA 234 288,225 10.0 1998 1,232 96.6% Avalon at Dulles Sterling, VA 236 231,752 15.7 1993 982 97.0% Avalon at Providence Park Fairfax, VA 141 147,472 4.0 1997 1,046 95.7% RICHMOND, VA Avalon at Gayton Richmond, VA 328 282,408 27.6 1993 861 92.4% Avalon at Boulders Richmond, VA 284 313,782 32.1 1996 1,105 88.4% Avalon Station Fredericksburg, VA 223 210,331 15.9 1994 943 91.9% Avalon Woods Richmond, VA 268 158,669 18.5 1994 592 89.6% </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Average Economic Average Occupancy Rental Rate (1) -------------------- ----------------- Financial $ per $ per Property reporting City and State 1998 1997 Apt Sq. Ft. EBITDA (2) cost (3) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> HARTFORD, CT Avalon Pavilions Manchester, CT 97.5% N/A 887 0.95 3,960 84,767 LONG ISLAND, NY Avalon Commons Smithtown, NY 98.5% N/A 1,487 1.22 2,352 34,872 Avalon Towers Long Beach, NY 98.3% N/A 2,393 2.05 966 21,453 Avalon Court Melville, NY 98.4% N/A 1,691 1.34 1,478 18,907 NORTHERN NEW JERSEY Avalon Cove Jersey City, NJ 98.3% N/A 2,353 2.13 6,327 94,061 PHILADELPHIA, PA Avalon Watch Lawrenceville, NJ 98.1% N/A 1,115 1.15 2,763 57,333 Avalon Chase Marlton, NJ 95.7% N/A 959 1.06 1,462 31,338 Avalon Run East Lawrenceville, NJ 97.4% N/A 1,343 1.03 1,305 21,466 WESTCHESTER, NY Avalon Gardens Nanuet, NY 95.5% N/A 1,511 1.12 3,671 53,434 Avalon View Fishkill, NJ 98.4% N/A 1,024 1.01 1,334 26,625 Avalon Green Greenburgh, NY 98.3% N/A 1,971 1.76 970 16,515 MID-ATLANTIC BALTIMORE, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II Columbia, MD 96.0% N/A 878 0.84 2,812 61,299 Avalon at Symphony Glen Columbia, MD 98.0% N/A 871 0.83 672 12,757 Avalon Landing Annapolis, MD 98.2% N/A 797 1.06 530 12,384 NORFOLK, VA Avalon Birches Chesapeake, VA 95.6% N/A 747 0.85 1,075 18,016 Avalon at Hampton I & II Hampton, VA 91.7% N/A 654 0.62 1,078 23,134 Avalon Pines Virginia Beach, VA 92.2% N/A 698 0.78 467 11,483 NORTHERN VIRGINIA Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Arlington, VA 97.8% N/A 1,123 1.18 2,425 61,852 Quincy Towers Avalon Crescent McLean, VA 97.2% N/A 1,364 1.19 3,968 60,327 Avalon at Park Center Alexandria, VA 96.7% N/A 952 1.18 2,260 46,725 Avalon at Ballston - Washington Arlington, VA 96.7% N/A 1,177 1.33 1,878 43,108 Towers Avalon at Cameron Court Alexandria, VA 81.2% N/A 1,278 0.98 2,425 42,777 AutumnWoods Fairfax, VA 97.8% N/A 917 1.06 1,895 40,547 Avalon Park Manassas, VA 97.4% N/A 743 0.89 1,235 25,496 Avalon at Fair Lakes Fairfax, VA 95.4% N/A 1,242 0.96 1,500 23,225 Avalon at Dulles Sterling, VA 98.1% N/A 893 0.89 998 18,721 Avalon at Providence Park Fairfax, VA 97.3% N/A 1,001 0.92 599 14,680 RICHMOND, VA Avalon at Gayton Richmond, VA 92.3% N/A 689 0.74 899 19,365 Avalon at Boulders Richmond, VA 90.0% N/A 755 0.61 800 16,834 Avalon Station Fredericksburg, VA 94.9% N/A 703 0.71 661 12,759 Avalon Woods Richmond, VA 95.2% N/A 581 0.93 660 11,131 </TABLE> 11
14 PROFILE OF CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER APARTMENT HOME DATA) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Approx. rentable Average Physical Number of area Year built size occupancy City and State homes (Sq. Ft.) Acres or acquired (Sq. Ft,) at 12/31/98 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN MARYLAND Avalon at Decoverly Rockville, MD 368 368,446 25.0 1995 1,001 97.0% Avalon Knoll Germantown, MD 300 290,400 26.7 1993 968 96.0% Avalon Fields I & II Garithersburg, MD 288 302,804 5.7 1996 1,050 97.2% Avalon Crossing Rockville, MD 132 154,488 5.0 1996 1,170 97.7% Avalon at Lake Arbor Mitchellville, MD 209 170,052 18.0 1995 814 95.7% WASHINGTON, DC 4100 Massachusetts Avenue Washington, D.C. 308 298,345 2.7 1994 969 99.4% MIDWEST CHICAGO, IL Avalon at Danada Farms Wheaton, IL 295 350,581 19.2 1997 1,188 97.3% Avalon at West Grove Westmont, IL 400 388,400 17.4 1997 971 97.0% Avalon at Stratford Green Bloomingdale, IL 192 237,204 12.7 1997 1,235 97.4% CINCINNATI, OH Avalon at Montgomery Cinciannati, OH 264 231,800 17.0 1997 878 92.8% DETROIT, MI Avalon Heights Madison Heights, MN 225 206,970 17.1 1997 920 96.0% INDIANAPOLIS, IN Avalon at Willow Lake Indianapolis, IN 230 228,708 20.0 1997 994 92.6% Avalon at Geist Lawrence, IN 146 160,554 18.0 1997 1,100 91.1% MINNEAPOLIS, MN Avalon at Devonshire Bloomington, MI 498 470,774 42.0 1997 945 93.8% The Gates of Edinburg Brooklyn Park, MN 198 222,130 11.3 1998 1,122 93.4% Avalon at Town Centre Eagan, MN 246 233,562 18.7 1998 949 96.8% Avalon at Town Square Plymouth, MN 160 144,026 8.3 1998 900 99.4% ST. LOUIS, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill St. Louis, MO 480 463,680 34.0 1998 966 91.0% DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay San Francisco, CA 226 248,148 1.0 N/A 1,098 N/A CentreMark Cupertino, CA 311 294,828 8.0 N/A 948 N/A Paseo Alameda San Jose, CA 305 308,355 8.9 N/A 1,011 N/A Rosewalk at Waterford Park II San Jose, CA 156 153,192 5.8 N/A 982 N/A Avalon Oaks Wilmington, MA 204 208,692 22.5 N/A 1,023 N/A Avalon Valley Danbury, CT 268 286,760 17.4 N/A 1,070 N/A Avalon Corners Stamford, CT 195 185,835 3.2 N/A 953 N/A Avalon Lake Danbury, CT 135 159,804 32.0 N/A 1,184 N/A Avalon Court North Melville, NY 340 405,280 24.6 N/A 1,192 N/A The Tower at Avalon Cove Jersey City, NJ 269 243,445 2.8 N/A 905 N/A Avalon Willow Mamaroneck, NY 227 213,009 4.1 N/A 938 N/A The Avalon Bronxville, NY 110 119,350 1.5 N/A 1,085 N/A Avalon Crest Fort Lee, NJ 351 367,692 13.0 N/A 1,048 N/A Avalon at Fox Mill Herndon, VA 165 220,275 12.8 N/A 1,335 N/A </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Average Economic Average Occupancy Rental Rate (1) -------------------- ----------------- Financial $ per $ per Property reporting City and State 1998 1997 Apt Sq. Ft. EBITDA (2) cost (3) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN MARYLAND Avalon at Decoverly Rockville, MD 97.3% N/A 1,077 1.05 2,005 41,218 Avalon Knoll Germantown, MD 97.1% N/A 835 0.84 1,107 23,410 Avalon Fields I & II Garithersburg, MD 92.4% N/A 1,066 0.93 1,393 27,193 Avalon Crossing Rockville, MD 98.5% N/A 1,424 1.20 1,005 18,337 Avalon at Lake Arbor Mitchellville, MD 95.3% N/A 891 1.04 653 14,275 WASHINGTON, DC 4100 Massachusetts Avenue Washington, D.C. 98.5% N/A 1,450 1.47 2,060 46,300 MIDWEST CHICAGO, IL Avalon at Danada Farms Wheaton, IL 96.7% N/A 1,286 1.05 1,758 49,960 Avalon at West Grove Westmont, IL 95.4% N/A 830 0.82 1,244 34,327 Avalon at Stratford Green Bloomingdale, IL 96.8% N/A 1,236 0.97 1,094 28,698 CINCINNATI, OH Avalon at Montgomery Cinciannati, OH 92.3% N/A 706 0.74 695 20,721 DETROIT, MI Avalon Heights Madison Heights, MN 95.4% N/A 838 0.87 702 20,824 INDIANAPOLIS, IN Avalon at Willow Lake Indianapolis, IN 91.4% N/A 744 0.68 675 20,181 Avalon at Geist Lawrence, IN 91.9% N/A 872 0.73 476 16,148 MINNEAPOLIS, MN Avalon at Devonshire Bloomington, MI 96.9% N/A 884 0.91 1,663 48,523 The Gates of Edinburg Brooklyn Park, MN 95.3% N/A 978 0.83 834 23,862 Avalon at Town Centre Eagan, MN 98.8% N/A 869 0.90 819 23,634 Avalon at Town Square Plymouth, MN 98.3% N/A 872 0.95 498 14,212 ST. LOUIS, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill St. Louis, MO 90.2% N/A 696 0.65 1,197 39,438 DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay San Francisco, CA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 37,139 CentreMark Cupertino, CA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 48,441 Paseo Alameda San Jose, CA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 39,120 Rosewalk at Waterford Park II San Jose, CA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 18,201 Avalon Oaks Wilmington, MA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 15,029 Avalon Valley Danbury, CT N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 12,024 Avalon Corners Stamford, CT N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 11,756 Avalon Lake Danbury, CT N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 9,274 Avalon Court North Melville, NY N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 11,315 The Tower at Avalon Cove Jersey City, NJ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 33,146 Avalon Willow Mamaroneck, NY N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 27,003 The Avalon Bronxville, NY N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 12,885 Avalon Crest Fort Lee, NJ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 38,233 Avalon at Fox Mill Herndon, VA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4,838 </TABLE> 12
15 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES <TABLE> <CAPTION> 1 BR 2BR 3BR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/1.5 BA 1/1.5 BA 2/2.5/3 BA 2/2.5 BA 3BA - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA Alameda County, CA Waterford 208 -- 336 -- -- Hampton Place 88 -- 176 -- 44 Hacienda Gardens 238 -- 218 -- -- Amador Oaks 72 8 60 48 -- Willow Creek 99 -- 136 -- -- Alicante 42 81 -- -- 12 Barrington Hills 48 -- 140 -- -- Parc Centre 124 84 -- -- -- Rivershore 44 -- 145 56 -- Central Valley, CA Governor's Square 93 63 68 30 -- The Pointe 130 28 138 -- -- Blairmore 114 40 98 -- -- San Francisco, CA Crown Ridge 158 68 24 -- -- Sunset Towers 183 20 20 -- -- City Heights 114 -- 25 -- -- Village Square 90 -- 49 15 -- Crossbrook 88 30 108 -- -- San Mateo, CA Cedar Ridge 117 33 24 -- -- Regatta Bay 124 123 1 -- -- Sea Ridge 58 106 56 -- -- Santa Clara County, CA Toscana 338 -- 336 18 15 Avalon at Town Center 90 -- 210 -- 24 Canyon Creek 156 -- 180 -- 12 CountryBrook 108 -- 252 -- -- The Arbors 212 40 -- -- -- Creekside 158 128 -- -- -- Rosewalk at Waterford Park I 96 -- 192 -- 12 The Fountains 100 -- 126 -- -- Parkside Commons 60 -- 96 36 -- Villa Mariposa 108 -- 88 52 -- San Marino 103 -- 145 -- -- The Promenade 112 10 54 -- -- Foxchase I and II 168 -- 228 -- -- Glen Creek 58 -- 79 -- 1 Fairway Glen 60 -- 84 -- -- </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Washer & dryer Studios / Parking hook-ups or Efficiencies Other Total spaces units - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA Alameda County, CA Waterford -- -- 544 876 Some Hampton Place -- -- 308 570 All Hacienda Gardens -- -- 456 856 All Amador Oaks -- 16 204 427 Most Willow Creek -- -- 235 240 All Alicante -- -- 135 260 All Barrington Hills -- -- 188 320 All Parc Centre -- -- 208 210 None Rivershore -- -- 245 761 None Central Valley, CA Governor's Square 48 -- 302 332 Some The Pointe -- -- 296 504 All Blairmore -- -- 252 452 All San Francisco, CA Crown Ridge 4 -- 254 377 Some Sunset Towers 20 -- 243 244 None City Heights 46 -- 185 104 None Village Square -- -- 154 155 None Crossbrook -- -- 226 343 Some San Mateo, CA Cedar Ridge 21 -- 195 258 None Regatta Bay 40 -- 288 490 None Sea Ridge -- -- 220 299 None Santa Clara County, CA Toscana 3 -- 710 1,400 All Avalon at Town Center -- -- 324 560 All Canyon Creek -- -- 348 588 All CountryBrook -- -- 360 660 All The Arbors -- -- 252 395 All Creekside 8 -- 294 376 None Rosewalk at Waterford Park I -- -- 300 420 All The Fountains -- -- 226 354 All Parkside Commons -- -- 192 192 All Villa Mariposa -- -- 248 421 All San Marino -- -- 248 436 All The Promenade 44 -- 220 394 Some Foxchase I and II -- -- 396 719 All Glen Creek -- -- 138 228 All Fairway Glen -- -- 144 226 All </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Large Balcony storage patio Vaulted or walk- deck or ceilings Lofts Fireplaces in closet sunroom - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA Alameda County, CA Waterford Some None None All All Hampton Place Most None Half Most All Hacienda Gardens Some None Most None All Amador Oaks Some None Most All All Willow Creek None None None All All Alicante Some None Some All All Barrington Hills Half None None All All Parc Centre None None Most All All Rivershore Some None Some Half All Central Valley, CA Governor's Square Half None Most Some All The Pointe None None Most Most All Blairmore None None Some Half All San Francisco, CA Crown Ridge Some Some Some None All Sunset Towers None None None None Some City Heights None None None None Some Village Square Some None None All All Crossbrook Half None Some None All San Mateo, CA Cedar Ridge None Some None None All Regatta Bay None None None Most Most Sea Ridge None None Some Some All Santa Clara County, CA Toscana Some Some Some Half All Avalon at Town Center Some None None Most All Canyon Creek All Some None All All CountryBrook Some None All None All The Arbors None None None None Half Creekside None None Some None Most Rosewalk at Waterford Park I Half None Some Some All The Fountains None None Most All All Parkside Commons Some None Half All All Villa Mariposa Some None None Some All San Marino Some None None Most All The Promenade None None None All All Foxchase I and II Some None None Some All Glen Creek Half None None All All Fairway Glen Some None None None All </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Non- Homes w/ direct Direct pre-wired Built-in access access security bookcases Carports garages garages systems - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA Alameda County, CA Waterford None Yes No No None Hampton Place None Yes Yes No All Hacienda Gardens None Yes Yes Yes None Amador Oaks None No Yes No None Willow Creek None Yes No No None Alicante None Yes No No Some Barrington Hills Some Yes No No None Parc Centre None Yes No No None Rivershore None Yes No No None Central Valley, CA Governor's Square Some No Yes Yes None The Pointe None Yes No No None Blairmore None Yes No No None San Francisco, CA Crown Ridge None Yes No Yes None Sunset Towers None Yes No Yes None City Heights Most Yes Yes No None Village Square None No Yes No None Crossbrook None Yes No Yes None San Mateo, CA Cedar Ridge None Yes No Yes None Regatta Bay None Yes No No None Sea Ridge None Yes Yes No None Santa Clara County, CA Toscana None No Yes No All Avalon at Town Center None Yes Yes No All Canyon Creek None Yes Yes No All CountryBrook None Yes Yes No None The Arbors None Yes Yes No None Creekside None Yes No No None Rosewalk at Waterford Park I Most Yes Yes No All The Fountains None No No Yes None Parkside Commons Some Yes Yes No None Villa Mariposa None Yes No No None San Marino None Yes No No None The Promenade None No No Yes None Foxchase I and II None Yes No No None Glen Creek None Yes No No None Fairway Glen None Yes No No Some </TABLE> 13
16 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES <TABLE> <CAPTION> 1 BR 2BR 3BR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/1.5 BA 1/1.5 BA 2/2.5/3 BA 2/2.5 BA 3BA - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Los Angeles, CA Viewpointe 222 -- 441 -- -- Lakeside 296 133 86 12 -- Westwood Club 126 -- 102 -- -- Arbor Heights 213 -- 134 2 -- Warner Oaks 89 54 64 20 -- TimberWood 32 50 63 64 -- Orange County, CA SunScape -- 36 324 40 -- Pacifica Club 144 56 104 -- -- Mill Creek 124 -- 86 -- -- Villa Serena 160 75 66 -- -- Amberway 114 48 48 -- -- Laguna Brisas -- -- 176 -- -- Lafayette Place 44 54 -- 35 -- Larkspur Canyon 32 28 44 -- -- San Diego, CA Mission Bay Club 270 9 165 -- -- Cabrillo Square 112 -- 84 -- -- Mission Woods 18 99 -- 83 -- SummerWalk 48 48 80 -- -- PACIFIC NORTHWEST Portland, OR Waterhouse Place 99 38 138 4 -- Seattle, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek 55 40 110 59 -- Gallery Place 76 44 67 35 -- Avalon Ridge 16 19 217 169 -- Avalon Westhaven 94 82 6 8 -- NORTHEAST Boston, MA Avalon at Prudential Center 361 -- 241 -- -- Longwood Towers 144 52 23 25 -- Avalon at Center Place 103 -- 111 5 -- Avalon Summit 154 61 28 2 -- Avalon at Lexington 28 21 93 56 -- Avalon at Faxon Park 68 -- 75 28 -- Avalon West 40 -- 55 25 -- Fairfield County, CT Avalon Walk I & II 272 116 122 74 -- Avalon Glen 124 -- 114 -- -- Avalon Gates 122 -- 168 50 -- Hanover Hall 68 146 -- 70 -- Avalon Springs -- -- 70 32 -- Hartford, CT </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Washer & dryer Studios / Parking hook-ups or Efficiencies Other Total spaces units - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Los Angeles, CA Viewpointe -- -- 663 1,300 Some Lakeside 221 -- 748 909 Some Westwood Club 135 -- 363 484 None Arbor Heights 2 -- 351 772 All Warner Oaks -- -- 227 252 Some TimberWood -- -- 209 400 Most Orange County, CA SunScape -- -- 400 790 None Pacifica Club -- -- 304 478 All Mill Creek 48 258 300 Some Villa Serena -- -- 301 523 All Amberway 62 -- 272 454 None Laguna Brisas -- -- 176 335 None Lafayette Place 12 -- 145 235 Most Larkspur Canyon -- 62 166 166 None San Diego, CA Mission Bay Club 120 -- 564 769 None Cabrillo Square 97 -- 293 283 None Mission Woods -- -- 200 200 Most SummerWalk -- -- 176 176 All PACIFIC NORTHWEST Portland, OR Waterhouse Place -- -- 279 445 All Seattle, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek -- -- 264 470 All Gallery Place -- -- 222 384 All Avalon Ridge -- -- 421 712 All Avalon Westhaven -- -- 190 191 All NORTHEAST Boston, MA Avalon at Prudential Center 29 150 781 142 None Longwood Towers 81 8 333 210 Some Avalon at Center Place 6 -- 225 345 All Avalon Summit -- -- 245 328 None Avalon at Lexington -- -- 198 323 All Avalon at Faxon Park -- -- 171 287 All Avalon West -- -- 120 145 All Fairfield County, CT Avalon Walk I & II -- 180 764 1,528 All Avalon Glen -- -- 238 400 Most Avalon Gates -- -- 340 580 All Hanover Hall 104 -- 388 405 None Avalon Springs -- -- 102 153 All Hartford, CT </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Large Balcony storage patio Vaulted or walk- deck or ceilings Lofts Fireplaces in closet sunroom - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Los Angeles, CA Viewpointe None Some None Most All Lakeside Some None Some Some Some Westwood Club None None None None All Arbor Heights None None None None Half Warner Oaks Some None Some Some All TimberWood Half None None All All Orange County, CA SunScape None None None Most Most Pacifica Club None None None Half All Mill Creek Half None None Half All Villa Serena None None None None All Amberway Some None None None All Laguna Brisas Some None All None Half Lafayette Place Some None Some Most Most Larkspur Canyon None None None None All San Diego, CA Mission Bay Club None None None Some All Cabrillo Square None None None None All Mission Woods None None Most Most Most SummerWalk None None All Some All PACIFIC NORTHWEST Portland, OR Waterhouse Place None None Most Some Most Seattle, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek All None Most All All Gallery Place Some None All All All Avalon Ridge Some None Most Most All Avalon Westhaven None None All All All NORTHEAST Boston, MA Avalon at Prudential Center None None None Most Some Longwood Towers None None Some Most Some Avalon at Center Place None None None Half Some Avalon Summit None None None None Most Avalon at Lexington Some Some Some Most All Avalon at Faxon Park Some Some Half All All Avalon West Some Some Some All Half Fairfield County, CT Avalon Walk I & II Some Some Half All All Avalon Glen Some Some Some Half Most Avalon Gates Some Some None All All Hanover Hall None None None Some All Avalon Springs Half Half Most All All Hartford, CT </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Non- Homes w/ direct Direct pre-wired Built-in access access security bookcases Carports garages garages systems - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Los Angeles, CA Viewpointe None No No No None Lakeside None Yes Yes No None Westwood Club None No No No None Arbor Heights None Yes Yes No None Warner Oaks None Yes No No None TimberWood None Yes No No None Orange County, CA SunScape None Yes Yes No None Pacifica Club None Yes No No None Mill Creek None Yes Yes Yes None Villa Serena None Yes Yes No None Amberway None Yes No No None Laguna Brisas None No No No None Lafayette Place Some Yes Yes No None Larkspur Canyon None Yes Yes No None San Diego, CA Mission Bay Club None No Yes No None Cabrillo Square None No No Yes None Mission Woods None No Yes No None SummerWalk All Yes No No None PACIFIC NORTHWEST Portland, OR Waterhouse Place None Yes Yes No None Seattle, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek Some Yes Yes Yes All Gallery Place None Yes Yes No None Avalon Ridge None Yes No No None Avalon Westhaven None Yes No No None NORTHEAST Boston, MA Avalon at Prudential Center None No No No None Longwood Towers Some No No No Some Avalon at Center Place None No No Yes None Avalon Summit None No Yes No None Avalon at Lexington None Yes Yes No All Avalon at Faxon Park None No No Yes All Avalon West None No Yes Yes All Fairfield County, CT Avalon Walk I & II Some Yes No No Half Avalon Glen None Yes Yes No Most Avalon Gates None Yes Yes No All Hanover Hall None No Yes No None Avalon Springs None No No Yes All Hartford, CT </TABLE> 14
17 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES <TABLE> <CAPTION> 1 BR 2BR 3BR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/1.5 BA 1/1.5 BA 2/2.5/3 BA 2/2.5 BA 3BA - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon Pavilions 472 168 220 72 -- Long Island, NY Avalon Commons 128 40 112 32 -- Avalon Towers -- -- 37 1 3 Avalon Court 34 -- 76 44 -- Northern New Jersey Avalon Cove 190 -- 190 46 2 Philadelphia, PA Avalon Watch 252 36 142 40 -- Avalon Chase 132 48 156 24 -- Avalon Run East 64 -- 106 36 -- Westchester, NY Avalon Gardens 208 48 144 104 -- Avalon View 113 51 60 64 -- Avalon Green 25 24 56 -- -- MID-ATLANTIC Baltimore, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II 269 237 154 24 36 Avalon at Symphony Glen 86 14 54 20 -- Avalon Landing 65 18 57 -- -- Norfolk, VA Avalon Birches 186 -- 126 -- -- Avalon at Hampton I & II 178 66 120 54 -- Avalon Pines 90 24 60 -- -- Northern Virginia Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy 335 35 84 -- -- Avalon Crescent 186 -- 372 -- -- Avalon at Park Center 384 -- 108 -- -- Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers 205 31 108 -- -- Avalon at Cameron Court 208 -- 168 -- -- AutumnWoods 220 72 96 -- -- Avalon Park 140 40 152 -- -- Avalon at Fair Lakes 45 12 125 26 26 Avalon at Dulles 104 40 76 -- 16 Avalon at Providence Park 19 -- 112 4 -- Richmond, VA Avalon at Gayton 156 54 88 30 -- Avalon at Boulders 90 -- 179 15 -- Avalon Station 68 31 100 24 -- Avalon Woods 200 -- 48 -- -- </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Washer & dryer Studios / Parking hook-ups or Efficiencies Other Total spaces units - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon Pavilions -- -- 932 1,631 All Long Island, NY Avalon Commons -- -- 312 425 All Avalon Towers 1 67 109 198 All Avalon Court -- -- 154 292 All Northern New Jersey Avalon Cove -- 76 504 455 All Philadelphia, PA Avalon Watch -- 42 512 768 All Avalon Chase -- -- 360 800 All Avalon Run East -- -- 206 345 All Westchester, NY Avalon Gardens -- -- 504 756 All Avalon View -- -- 288 576 All Avalon Green -- -- 105 218 All MID-ATLANTIC Baltimore, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II -- -- 720 1,137 All Avalon at Symphony Glen -- -- 174 266 All Avalon Landing -- 18 158 257 All Norfolk, VA Avalon Birches -- -- 312 664 All Avalon at Hampton I & II -- -- 418 626 All Avalon Pines -- -- 174 261 All Northern Virginia Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy -- -- 454 498 All Avalon Crescent -- -- 558 662 All Avalon at Park Center -- -- 492 643 All Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers -- -- 344 415 All Avalon at Cameron Court -- 84 460 782 All AutumnWoods -- 32 420 727 All Avalon Park 40 -- 372 809 All Avalon at Fair Lakes -- -- 234 505 All Avalon at Dulles -- -- 236 497 All Avalon at Providence Park -- 6 141 287 All Richmond, VA Avalon at Gayton -- -- 328 656 All Avalon at Boulders -- -- 284 535 All Avalon Station -- -- 223 556 All Avalon Woods 20 -- 268 400 All </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Large Balcony storage patio Vaulted or walk- deck or ceilings Lofts Fireplaces in closet sunroom - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon Pavilions Some Some Some Most All Long Island, NY Avalon Commons Some Some Some Most All Avalon Towers None None None All Most Avalon Court Some Some Some All All Northern New Jersey Avalon Cove Some Some Some All Most Philadelphia, PA Avalon Watch Some None Some All All Avalon Chase None None Half All All Avalon Run East All Some Some All Most Westchester, NY Avalon Gardens Half Half Some All All Avalon View Some Some Some Most All Avalon Green Half Half Some All All MID-ATLANTIC Baltimore, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II Some None Some Some All Avalon at Symphony Glen Some None Most All All Avalon Landing None None Most Most All Norfolk, VA Avalon Birches Some None All All All Avalon at Hampton I & II Some None Half All All Avalon Pines Some None All All All Northern Virginia Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy None None None Most All Avalon Crescent Some Some Half Most All Avalon at Park Center Some None Some All All Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers None None Some Most All Avalon at Cameron Court Some Some Some All Most AutumnWoods Some None Some All All Avalon Park Some None Some All All Avalon at Fair Lakes Half None Half All Most Avalon at Dulles Some None Most All All Avalon at Providence Park None None Most All All Richmond, VA Avalon at Gayton Half None Half All All Avalon at Boulders None None All All All Avalon Station Half Some None None None Avalon Woods Half None None Some None </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Non- Homes w/ direct Direct Pre-wired Built-in access access Security bookcases Carports garages garages Systems - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon Pavilions None Yes No No None Long Island, NY Avalon Commons None No Yes No All Avalon Towers None No No Yes All Avalon Court None No No Yes All Northern New Jersey Avalon Cove None No Yes No Some Philadelphia, PA Avalon Watch None No Yes No None Avalon Chase None Yes No No None Avalon Run East None Yes Yes Yes All Westchester, NY Avalon Gardens None Yes Yes Yes All Avalon View None Yes No No None Avalon Green None Yes No No All MID-ATLANTIC Baltimore, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II Some No No No None Avalon at Symphony Glen Half No No No None Avalon Landing None Yes No No None Norfolk, VA Avalon Birches None No No No None Avalon at Hampton I & II Some No No No None Avalon Pines None No No Yes None Northern Virginia Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy None No No Yes None Avalon Crescent None No Yes Yes All Avalon at Park Center None No No No Some Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers None No No No None Avalon at Cameron Court None No Yes Yes All AutumnWoods Some Yes No No None Avalon Park All No No No All Avalon at Fair Lakes None No Yes Yes None Avalon at Dulles Some No No No None Avalon at Providence Park None No No No None Richmond, VA Avalon at Gayton Some No No No None Avalon at Boulders None No No No None Avalon Station None No No No None Avalon Woods None No No No None </TABLE> 15
18 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES <TABLE> <CAPTION> 1 BR 2BR 3BR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/1.5 BA 1/1.5 BA 2/2.5/3 BA 2/2.5 BA 3BA - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Southern Maryland Avalon at Decoverly 156 -- 104 64 44 Avalon Knoll 136 55 81 28 -- Avalon Fields I & II 74 32 84 32 -- Avalon Crossing -- 27 105 -- -- Avalon at Lake Arbor 110 12 87 -- -- Washington, D.C. 4100 Massachusetts Avenue 160 70 -- 3 -- MIDWEST Chicago, IL Avalon at Danada Farms 80 -- 134 -- -- Avalon at West Grove 200 200 -- -- -- Avalon at Stratford Green 45 9 108 21 -- Cincinnati, OH Avalon at Montgomery 104 32 88 -- -- Detroit, MI Avalon Heights 90 62 44 -- -- Indianapolis, IN Avalon at Willow Lake 72 32 94 32 -- Avalon at Geist 40 16 68 22 -- Minneapolis, MN Avalon at Devonshire 194 -- 304 -- -- The Gates of Edinburg 56 -- 114 26 -- Avalon at Town Centre 102 -- 111 33 -- Avalon at Town Square 76 -- 68 12 -- St. Louis, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill 162 -- 232 86 -- DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay 91 -- 132 -- 3 CentreMark 145 -- 152 -- 14 Paseo Alameda 113 -- 164 -- 28 Rosewalk at Waterford Park II 72 -- 72 -- 12 Avalon Oaks 60 24 96 24 -- Avalon Valley 106 -- 134 28 -- Avalon Corners 118 -- 77 -- -- Avalon Lake 36 -- 46 -- -- Avalon Court North 138 54 118 -- 30 The Tower at Avalon Cove 147 24 74 24 -- Avalon Willow 150 77 -- -- -- The Avalon 56 2 42 8 2 Avalon Crest 96 -- 131 67 -- Avalon at Fox Mill -- -- 92 73 -- </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Washer & dryer Studios / Parking hook-ups or Efficiencies Other Total spaces units - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Southern Maryland Avalon at Decoverly -- -- 368 584 All Avalon Knoll -- -- 300 482 All Avalon Fields I & II -- 66 288 443 All Avalon Crossing -- -- 132 224 All Avalon at Lake Arbor -- -- 209 312 All Washington, D.C. 4100 Massachusetts Avenue 27 48 308 330 All MIDWEST Chicago, IL Avalon at Danada Farms -- 81 295 714 All Avalon at West Grove -- -- 400 860 None Avalon at Stratford Green -- 9 192 437 All Cincinnati, OH Avalon at Montgomery 40 -- 264 557 Most Detroit, MI Avalon Heights 24 5 225 412 Most Indianapolis, IN Avalon at Willow Lake -- -- 230 450 All Avalon at Geist -- -- 146 90 All Minneapolis, MN Avalon at Devonshire -- -- 498 498 Most The Gates of Edinburg -- 2 198 210 All Avalon at Town Centre -- -- 246 250 All Avalon at Town Square -- 4 160 162 All St. Louis, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill -- -- 480 759 Some DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay -- -- 226 243 All CentreMark -- -- 311 526 All Paseo Alameda -- -- 305 558 All Rosewalk at Waterford Park II -- -- 156 228 All Avalon Oaks -- -- 204 355 All Avalon Valley -- -- 268 626 All Avalon Corners -- -- 195 273 All Avalon Lake 24 29 135 382 All Avalon Court North -- -- 340 818 All The Tower at Avalon Cove -- -- 269 285 None Avalon Willow -- -- 227 379 All The Avalon -- -- 110 167 All Avalon Crest -- 57 351 317 All Avalon at Fox Mill -- -- 165 343 All </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Large Balcony storage patio Vaulted or walk- deck or ceilings Lofts Fireplaces in closet sunroom - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Southern Maryland Avalon at Decoverly Some Some Most Most All Avalon Knoll Some None Half All All Avalon Fields I & II Some Some Half All Most Avalon Crossing Some Some Half All All Avalon at Lake Arbor Some None None All All Washington, D.C. 4100 Massachusetts Avenue None None Some Most All MIDWEST Chicago, IL Avalon at Danada Farms None None Some All Some Avalon at West Grove None None None None All Avalon at Stratford Green None None Some Most Some Cincinnati, OH Avalon at Montgomery Some None Most All All Detroit, MI Avalon Heights Some None Some All All Indianapolis, IN Avalon at Willow Lake Half None Half All All Avalon at Geist None None Half All All Minneapolis, MN Avalon at Devonshire Some None Some Most Most The Gates of Edinburg None None Some Some All Avalon at Town Centre Some None Some Some All Avalon at Town Square Some None Some Some All St. Louis, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill None None Some All All DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay Some None Some Half Most CentreMark Some None Some Some All Paseo Alameda Some Some Some All Most Rosewalk at Waterford Park II Half None Half Most All Avalon Oaks Some Some Some All All Avalon Valley Some Some Some All All Avalon Corners Some Some Some All All Avalon Lake Some Some Some All All Avalon Court North None Most Some All All The Tower at Avalon Cove None None None Half Some Avalon Willow Some Some None Most All The Avalon Some Some Some Most Half Avalon Crest Some Some Some All All Avalon at Fox Mill Most None Most All Most </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Non- Homes w/ direct Direct pre-wired Built-in access access security bookcases Carports garages garages systems - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Southern Maryland Avalon at Decoverly None No No No None Avalon Knoll Some No No No None Avalon Fields I & II None No Yes No All Avalon Crossing Some No Yes Yes All Avalon at Lake Arbor None No No No None Washington, D.C. 4100 Massachusetts Avenue Some No Yes No None MIDWEST Chicago, IL Avalon at Danada Farms None No No Yes None Avalon at West Grove None Yes No No None Avalon at Stratford Green Some No Yes Yes None Cincinnati, OH Avalon at Montgomery Some Yes No No None Detroit, MI Avalon Heights None Yes No No Most Indianapolis, IN Avalon at Willow Lake None Yes Yes No None Avalon at Geist Some No Yes Yes All Minneapolis, MN Avalon at Devonshire Some No No Yes None The Gates of Edinburg None No No No None Avalon at Town Centre None No No Yes None Avalon at Town Square None No No Yes None St. Louis, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill None No Yes No None DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay None No No Yes All CentreMark Some No Yes Yes None Paseo Alameda None No Yes No All Rosewalk at Waterford Park II Most Yes Yes No All Avalon Oaks None No Yes No All Avalon Valley None Yes Yes All All Avalon Corners None No Yes No All Avalon Lake None No No Yes All Avalon Court North None No Yes Yes All The Tower at Avalon Cove None No Yes No All Avalon Willow None No Yes Yes All The Avalon None No Yes No All Avalon Crest None No Yes Yes All Avalon at Fox Mill None No No Yes None </TABLE> 16
19 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (CONTINUED) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Community Building Buildings entrance entrance Under- Aerobics w/ security controlled controlled ground dance Car Picninc systems access access parking studio wash area - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ALAMEDA COUNTY, CA Waterford Some Yes No No No Yes No Hampton Place All No No No Yes Yes No Hacienda Gardens Some No No No No Yes No Amador Oaks None No No No No Yes Yes Willow Creek Some Yes No No No Yes Yes Alicante All No No Yes Yes Yes No Barrington Hills None Yes Yes No No No No Parc Centre None Yes No No No No No Rivershore None Yes No No No No No CENTRAL VALLEY, CA Governor's Square None No No Yes No No No The Pointe None No No No No Yes No Blairmore None Yes No No No Yes Yes SAN FRANCISCO, CA Crown Ridge None No No Yes Yes No Yes Sunset Towers All Yes Yes Yes No No Yes City Heights None Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Village Square None No Yes Yes No No No Crossbrook None No No No No No Yes SAN MATEO, CA Cedar Ridge None No No No No No No Regatta Bay Some No No No No Yes No Sea Ridge None No No No No No No SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CA Toscana Some Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Avalon at Town Center Some Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Canyon Creek Some Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes CountryBrook None Yes No No No No No The Arbors None No No No No No Yes Creekside Some No No No No No Yes Rosewalk at Waterford Park I None Yes No No Yes No Yes The Fountains None No No No No No Yes Parkside Commons None No No Yes No No Yes Villa Mariposa None No No Yes No Yes Yes San Marino None Yes No No No Yes No The Promenade None No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Foxchase I and II None No No Yes No Yes No Glen Creek None No No No No Yes No Fairway Glen Some No No No No Yes Yes </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Walking/ Sauna / Tennis Fitness Jogging Pool Whirlpool court Racquetball center - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ALAMEDA COUNTY, CA Waterford No Yes Yes No No Yes Hampton Place No Yes Yes No No Yes Hacienda Gardens No No Yes No No No Amador Oaks No Yes Yes No No Yes Willow Creek No Yes Yes No No No Alicante No Yes Yes No No Yes Barrington Hills No Yes Yes No No Yes Parc Centre No Yes Yes No Yes No Rivershore No Yes No No No Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes CENTRAL VALLEY, CA Governor's Square No Yes Yes No No Yes The Pointe No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Blairmore No Yes Yes No No Yes SAN FRANCISCO, CA Crown Ridge Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Sunset Towers No No No No No No City Heights No No No No No No Village Square No Yes Yes No No Yes Crossbrook Yes Yes Yes No No Yes SAN MATEO, CA Cedar Ridge No Yes Yes No No Yes Regatta Bay Yes Yes No No No No Sea Ridge No Yes Yes No No Yes SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CA Toscana Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Avalon at Town Center Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Canyon Creek Yes Yes Yes No No Yes CountryBrook No Yes Yes No No Yes The Arbors No Yes Yes No No Yes Creekside No Yes No Yes No Yes Rosewalk at Waterford Park I Yes Yes Yes No No Yes The Fountains No Yes Yes No No Yes Parkside Commons No Yes Yes No No Yes Villa Mariposa No Yes Yes No No Yes San Marino No Yes Yes No No Yes The Promenade No Yes Yes No No Yes Foxchase I and II No Yes Yes No No Yes Glen Creek No Yes Yes No No Yes Fairway Glen No Yes Yes No No Yes </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Indoor Sand outdoor Clubhouse/ Business volleyball basketball clubroom center Toilet Concierge ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CURRENT COMMUNITIES (4) <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ALAMEDA COUNTY, CA Waterford No Yes No No Yes No Hampton Place No No Yes No No No Hacienda Gardens No Yes No Yes Yes No Amador Oaks No No No No Yes No Willow Creek No No No No No No Alicante No No Yes No No No Barrington Hills No No Yes No Yes No Parc Centre No No No No No No Rivershore No No No No No No CENTRAL VALLEY, CA Governor's Square No No No No No No The Pointe No No Yes Yes Yes No Blairmore No No No No No No SAN FRANCISCO, CA Crown Ridge No No No Yes No No Sunset Towers No No No No No No City Heights No No No No No No Village Square No No Yes No Yes No Crossbrook No No No No Yes No SAN MATEO, CA Cedar Ridge No No Yes Yes No No Regatta Bay No No Yes No Yes No Sea Ridge No No No Yes No No SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CA Toscana No No Yes Yes Yes No Avalon at Town Center No No No Yes No No Canyon Creek Yes No No Yes Yes No CountryBrook No No No No No No The Arbors Yes Yes No Yes No No Creekside Yes Yes Yes No No No Rosewalk at Waterford Park I No No No Yes No No The Fountains No No No Yes No No Parkside Commons No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Villa Mariposa Yes No No No Yes No San Marino No No No No Yes No The Promenade No No No Yes Yes No Foxchase I and II No No No No No No Glen Creek No No No No No No Fairway Glen No No No No Yes No </TABLE> 17
20 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (CONTINUED) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Community Building Buildings entrance entrance Under- Aerobics w/security controlled controlled ground dance Car Picninc Walking/ systems access access parking studio wash area Jogging Pool - --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- -------- ---- ------- -------- ---- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, CA Viewpointe None Yes No Yes No No No No Yes Lakeside None No Yes No No No Yes No Yes Westwood Club None Yes Yes Yes No No No No Yes Arbor Heights None Yes No No No No No No Yes Warner Oaks None Yes No No No No Yes No Yes TimberWood Some Yes No No No No No No Yes ORANGE COUNTY, CA SunScape None Yes No No No No Yes No Yes Pacifica Club None Yes No No No No No No Yes Mill Creek None Yes No No No Yes No No Yes Villa Serena None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Amberway None Yes No No No Yes No No Yes Laguna Brisas None No No Yes No No No No Yes Lafayette Place Some No No No No Yes No No Yes Larkspur Canyon None Yes No No No No No Yes Yes SAN DIEGO, CA Mission Bay Club None Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Cabrillo Square All Yes Yes No No No No Yes Yes Mission Woods Some No No No No No Yes No Yes SummerWalk None No No No No No Yes Yes Yes PACIFIC NORTHWEST PORTLAND, OR Waterhouse Place None No No No No No No Yes Yes SEATTLE, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek All Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes Gallery Place None No No No No Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Ridge None No Yes No No No No No Yes Avalon Westhaven None No No No No No Yes No Yes NORTHEAST BOSTON, MA Avalon at Prudential Center All Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No No Longwood Towers None Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Avalon at Center Place None Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Avalon Summit None No No No No No Yes No Yes Avalon at Lexington Some No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Avalon at Faxon Park None No Yes No No No Yes No Yes Avalon West None No Yes No No No Yes No Yes FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CT Avalon Walk I & II None No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon Glen None No Yes Yes No No No No Yes Avalon Gates None Yes No No No No Yes No Yes Hanover Hall None Yes Yes Yes No No No No Yes Avalon Springs All No No No No No Yes Yes Yes HARTFORD, CT </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Indoor Sauna/ Tennis Fitness Sand outdoor Clubhouse/ Business Whirlpool court Racquetball center volleyball basketball clubroom center Totlot Concierge - ------------------------------- --------- ------ ----------- -------- ---------- ---------- --------- -------- ------ --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, CA Viewpointe Yes No No Yes No No No Yes No No Lakeside No No No Yes No No No Yes No No Westwood Club Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Arbor Heights Yes No No Yes No No No No Yes No Warner Oaks Yes No No No No No No No No No TimberWood No No No Yes No No No No Yes No ORANGE COUNTY, CA SunScape Yes No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No Pacifica Club Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Mill Creek Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Villa Serena Yes No No Yes No No No No No No Amberway Yes No No No No No No No Yes No Laguna Brisas Yes No No No No No No Yes No No Lafayette Place Yes No No Yes No No No No No No Larkspur Canyon Yes No No Yes No No No No No No SAN DIEGO, CA Mission Bay Club Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Cabrillo Square Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No No Mission Woods Yes No No Yes No No No No Yes No SummerWalk Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No No PACIFIC NORTHWEST PORTLAND, OR Waterhouse Place Yes No No Yes No No No No No No SEATTLE, WA The Verandas at Bear Creek Yes No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No Gallery Place Yes No No Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Ridge No No No No No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Westhaven Yes No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No NORTHEAST BOSTON, MA Avalon at Prudential Center No No No No No No Yes No No No Longwood Towers No No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon at Center Place No No No Yes No No Yes Yes No No Avalon Summit No No No Yes No No No No No No Avalon at Lexington No No No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon at Faxon Park No No No No No No No No Yes No Avalon West No No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CT Avalon Walk I & II No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No Avalon Glen No No Yes Yes No No Yes No No No Avalon Gates No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Hanover Hall No No No No No No No No No No Avalon Springs No No No Yes No No Yes No No No HARTFORD, CT </TABLE> 18
21 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (CONTINUED) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Community Building Buildings entrance entrance Under- Aerobics w/security controlled controlled ground dance Car Picninc Walking/ Sauna/ systems access access parking studio wash area Jogging Pool Whirlpool - ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- -------- ---- ------- -------- ---- --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon Pavilions None No No No Yes No Yes No Yes No LONG ISLAND, NY Avalon Commons All No No No No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Towers All No No Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Avalon Court None Yes No No No No Yes No Yes No NORTHERN NEW JERSEY Avalon Cove All Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No PHILADELPHIA, PA Avalon Watch None No Yes No No No Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Chase None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Run East None No No No No No No Yes Yes No WESTCHESTER, NY Avalon Gardens All No No No No No Yes No Yes No Avalon View None No No No No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Green All No No No No Yes No Yes Yes No MID-ATLANTIC BALTIMORE, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon at Symphony Glen None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Avalon Landing None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No NORFOLK, VA Avalon Birches None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon at Hampton I & II None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Pines None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes NORTHERN VIRGINIA Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy Towers None Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Crescent None Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Avalon at Park Center Most Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers None No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Avalon at Cameron Court All Yes No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes AutumnWoods None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Avalon Park None No No No No Yes No No Yes Yes Avalon at Fair Lakes None Yes No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon at Dulles None No No No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Avalon at Providence Park None No No No No Yes No No Yes No RICHMOND, VA Avalon at Gayton None No No No No Yes No No Yes Yes Avalon at Boulders None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Station None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Woods None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Indoor Tennis Fitness Sand outdoor Clubhouse/ Business court Racquetball center volleyball basketball clubroom center Totlot Concierge - ---------------------------------- ------ ----------- -------- ---------- ---------- --------- -------- ------ --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon Pavilions Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes LONG ISLAND, NY Avalon Commons No No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Towers No No Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Court No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No NORTHERN NEW JERSEY Avalon Cove Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No PHILADELPHIA, PA Avalon Watch Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Chase Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes Avalon Run East No No No No No Yes No Yes No WESTCHESTER, NY Avalon Gardens Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon View Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Green No No No Yes Yes Yes No No No MID-ATLANTIC BALTIMORE, MD Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon at Symphony Glen No No No No No No No Yes No Avalon Landing No No Yes No No Yes No No No NORFOLK, VA Avalon Birches Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Avalon at Hampton I & II Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Pines No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No NORTHERN VIRGINIA Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy Towers Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No Avalon Crescent No No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon at Park Center No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No Avalon at Cameron Court No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No AutumnWoods Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Park Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon at Fair Lakes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No No Avalon at Dulles Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No Avalon at Providence Park No No Yes No No Yes Yes No No RICHMOND, VA Avalon at Gayton Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No No No Avalon at Boulders Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Station No No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Avalon Woods Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No No </TABLE> 19
22 FEATURES AND RECREATIONAL AMENITIES - CURRENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES (CONTINUED) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Community Building Buildings entrance entrance Under- Aerobics w/security controlled controlled ground dance Car Picninc Walking/ Sauna/ systems access access parking studio wash area Jogging Pool Whirlpool - ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- -------- ---- ------- -------- ---- --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN MARYLAND Avalon at Decoverly None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon Knoll None No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon Fields I & II All No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Crossing None Yes No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon at Lake Arbor None Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes WASHINGTON, D.C. 4100 Massachusetts Avenue None Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes No MIDWEST CHICAGO, IL Avalon at Danada Farms None No No No No No No No Yes No Avalon at West Grove None Yes No No Yes No Yes No Yes No Avalon at Stratford Green None No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No CINCINNATI, OH Avalon at Montgomery None No No No No Yes No No Yes Yes DETROIT, MI Avalon Heights None Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes INDIANAPOLIS, IN Avalon at Willow Lake None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon at Geist None No No No No No Yes No Yes No MINNEAPOLIS, MN Avalon at Devonshire Some No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No The Gates of Edinburg None Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Avalon at Town Centre None Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Avalon at Town Square None Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ST. LOUIS, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill None No No No No No Yes No Yes Yes DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay None Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes CentreMark None Yes No Yes No No No No Yes Yes Paseo Alameda None Yes Yes Yes No No No No Yes No Rosewalk @ Waterford Park II None Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon Oaks All No Yes No No No Yes No Yes Yes Avalon Valley None No No No No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Corners All Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Lake None No No No No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Court North Some No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No The Tower at Avalon Cove All Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Avalon Willow All Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No The Avalon All No Yes Yes No No No No Yes Yes Avalon Crest All Yes Yes No Yes No No No Yes No Avalon at Fox Mill None No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Indoor Tennis Fitness Sand outdoor Clubhouse/ Business court Racquetball center volleyball basketball clubroom center Totlot Concierge - ---------------------------------- ------ ----------- -------- ---------- ---------- --------- -------- ------ --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> SOUTHERN MARYLAND Avalon at Decoverly Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Knoll Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Fields I & II No No Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Crossing No No Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon at Lake Arbor No No Yes No No Yes No No No Fields II No No Yes No No Yes No Yes No WASHINGTON, D.C. 4100 Massachusetts Avenue No No Yes No No Yes No No No MIDWEST CHICAGO, IL Avalon at Danada Farms No No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes Avalon at West Grove No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon at Stratford Green No No No No No Yes No No Yes CINCINNATI, OH Avalon at Montgomery Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No DETROIT, MI Avalon Heights Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No INDIANAPOLIS, IN Avalon at Willow Lake Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No Avalon at Geist No No Yes No No Yes No No No MINNEAPOLIS, MN Avalon at Devonshire Yes No Yes No No Yes No No No The Gates of Edinburg No No Yes No No Yes No No No Avalon at Town Centre Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Avalon at Town Square Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No ST. LOUIS, MO Avalon at Oxford Hill Yes No Yes No No Yes No Yes No DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES Avalon Towers by the Bay No No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes CentreMark No No Yes No No No Yes No No Paseo Alameda No No Yes No No No No No Yes Rosewalk @ Waterford Park II No No No No No No No No No Avalon Oaks No No Yes No Yes No Yes No No Avalon Valley No No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Avalon Corners No No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes Avalon Lake No No Yes No No No No No No Avalon Court North No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No The Tower at Avalon Cove Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Avalon Willow No Yes Yes No No Yes No No No The Avalon No No Yes No No Yes No Yes No Avalon Crest No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No Avalon at Fox Mill No No Yes No No Yes No Yes No </TABLE> 20
23 Notes to Community Information tables on pages 9 through 20 (1) Represents the average rental revenue per occupied apartment home. (2) Property EBITDA is defined as property earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, extraordinary items, gain/(loss) on sale of a community, minority interest and before considering corporate general and administrative expenses and central property management overhead. Gross EBITDA discussed in Note (5) to the Selected Financial Data represents consolidated earnings (net of general and administrative expenses and central property management overhead), and including minority interests, but before depreciation and amortization. EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to operating income (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as an indicator of the Company's operating performance, or to cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of liquidity. EBITDA as disclosed by other REITs may not be comparable to the Company's calculation of EBITDA. (3) Costs are presented in accordance with GAAP. For Development Communities, cost represents total costs incurred through December 31, 1998. (4) For purposes of these tables, Current Communities include only communities for which the Company held fee simple ownership interests or held through DownREIT partnerships. 21
24 Development Communities As of March 1, 1999, 14 Development Communities were under construction which are expected to add a total of 3,262 apartment homes to the Company's portfolio upon completion. The total capitalized cost of the Development Communities, when completed, is expected to be approximately $532.5 million. Statements regarding the future development or performance of the Development Communities are forward-looking statements. There can be no assurance that the Company will complete the Development Communities, that the Company's budgeted costs, leasing, start dates, completion dates, occupancy or estimates of "EBITDA as a % of Total Budgeted Cost" will be realized or that future developments will realize comparable returns. See the discussion under "Risks of Development and Redevelopment". The Company holds a fee simple ownership interest in each of the Development Communities except for two communities that are owned by partnerships in which the Company holds a general partnership interest. The following is a summary of the Development Communities: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Projected EBITDA as Number of Budgeted Estimated Estimated % of total apartment cost (1) Construction Initial completion stabilization budgeted homes ($ millions) start occupancy date date (2) cost (3) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> 1. CentreMark Cupertino, CA 311 $48.6 Q1 1997 Q3 1998 Q1 1999 Q2 1999 10.4% 2. Avalon Willow Mamaroneck, NY 227 $46.8 Q2 1997 Q1 1999 Q3 1999 Q4 1999 8.6% 3. Rosewalk at Waterford Park II San Jose, CA 156 $21.0 Q4 1997 Q4 1998 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 11.4% 4. Paseo Alameda San Jose, CA 305 $54.9 Q3 1997 Q4 1998 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 10.3% 5. The Tower at Avalon Cove Jersey City, NJ 269 $51.8 Q1 1998 Q1 1999 Q3 1999 Q4 1999 10.1% 6. The Avalon Bronxville, NY 110 $28.1 Q1 1998 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 Q4 1999 9.3% 7. Avalon Valley Danbury, CT 268 $26.1 Q1 1998 Q1 1999 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 10.3% (4) 8. Avalon Lake Danbury, CT 135 $17.0 Q2 1998 Q1 1999 Q3 1999 Q4 1999 10.3% (4) 9. Avalon Oaks (5) Wilmington, MA 204 $21.9 Q2 1998 Q1 1999 Q2 1999 Q4 1999 11.0% 10. Avalon Crest Fort Lee, NJ 351 $57.4 Q4 1997 Q2 1999 Q4 1999 Q1 2000 10.3% 11. Avalon Towers by the Bay San Francisco, CA 226 $65.9 Q4 1997 Q3 1999 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 9.6% 12. Avalon Corners Stamford, CT 195 $32.5 Q3 1998 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 Q3 2000 10.4% 13. Avalon Fox Mill Herndon, VA 165 $20.1 Q4 1998 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 Q2 2000 10.2% 14. Avalon Court North Melville, NY 340 $40.4 Q4 1998 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 Q3 2000 11.7% --- ----- ----- Total/Weighted average 3,262 $532.5 10.2% ========================= =========== </TABLE> (1) Budgeted cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be incurred to develop the respective Development Community, including land acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees determined in accordance with GAAP. (2) Stabilized operations is defined as the first full quarter of 95% or greater occupancy after completion of construction. (3) Projected EBITDA represents gross potential earnings projected to be achieved at completion of construction before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization and extraordinary items, minus (a) projected economic vacancy and (b) projected stabilized operating expenses. EBITDA is relevant to an understanding of the economics of the Company because it indicates cash flow available from Company operations to service fixed obligations. EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to operating income, as determined in accordance with GAAP, as an indicator of the Company's operating performance, or to cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of liquidity. EBITDA as disclosed by other REITs may not be comparable to the Company's calculation of EBITDA. (4) Represents a combined yield for Avalon Valley and Avalon Lake. (5) Financed with tax-exempt bonds. 22
25 Redevelopment Communities As of March 1, 1999, the Company had 13 Redevelopment Communities. The total budgeted cost of these Redevelopment Communities, including the cost of acquisition and redevelopment when completed, is expected to be approximately $462.5 million, of which approximately $98.1 million is the additional capital invested or expected to be invested above the original purchase cost. Statements regarding the future redevelopment or performance of the Redevelopment Communities are forward-looking statements. The Company has found that the cost to redevelop an existing apartment community is more difficult to budget and estimate than the cost to develop a new community. Accordingly, the Company expects that actual costs may vary over a wider range than for a new development community. The Company cannot provide any assurance that the Company will not exceed budgeted costs, either individually or in the aggregate, or that projected unleveraged returns on cost will be achieved. See the discussion under "Risks of Development and Redevelopment". The following is a summary of the Redevelopment Communities: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Projected EBITDA as Number of Budgeted Estimated % of total apartment cost (1) Reconstruction Reconstruction restabilized budgeted homes ($ millions) start completion operations (2) cost (3) ---------- -------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> 1. The Arbors Campbell, CA 252 $31.2 Q4 1997 Q1 1999 Q2 1999 9.1% 2. Arbor Heights Hacienda Heights, CA 351 $28.7 Q2 1998 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 9.4% 3. Lakeside Burbank, CA 748 $65.6 Q2 1998 Q4 2000 Q2 2001 9.4% 4. Gallery Place Redmond, WA 222 $25.3 Q1 1998 Q3 1999 Q4 1999 8.3% 5. Viewpointe Woodland Hills, CA 663 $72.7 Q2 1998 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 9.7% 6. Avalon Westhaven Seattle, WA 190 $11.9 Q1 1998 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 9.3% 7. Waterhouse Place Beaverton, OR 279 $20.3 Q2 1998 Q3 1999 Q4 1999 8.9% 8. Westwood Club Los Angeles, CA 363 $39.9 Q3 1998 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 9.3% 9. Warner Oaks Woodland Hills, CA 227 $25.0 Q3 1998 Q4 1999 Q1 2000 9.2% 10. Amberway Anaheim, CA 272 $21.2 Q3 1998 Q3 1999 Q1 2000 8.8% 11. Avalon Ridge Renton, WA 421 $35.7 Q3 1998 Q2 2000 Q3 2000 9.8% 12. Governor's Square Sacramento, CA 302 $27.7 Q1 1998 Q4 1999 Q1 2000 8.4% 13. Mission Bay Club San Diego, CA 564 $57.3 Q3 1998 Q2 2000 Q3 2000 9.1% --- ----- ---- Total/Weighted Average 4,854 $462.5 9.2% ===== ====== ==== </TABLE> (1) Total budgeted cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be incurred to redevelop the respective Redevelopment Community, including costs to acquire the community, reconstruction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated redevelopment overhead and other regulatory fees determined in accordance with GAAP. (2) Restabilized operations is defined as the first full quarter of 95% or greater occupancy after completion of redevelopment. (3) Projected EBITDA represents gross potential earnings projected to be achieved at completion of redevelopment before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization and extraordinary items, minus (a) projected economic vacancy and (b) projected stabilized operating expenses. 23
26 Development Rights The Company is considering the development of 27 new apartment communities. These Development Rights range from land owned or under contract for which design and architectural planning has just commenced to land under contract or owned by the Company with completed site plans and drawings where construction can commence almost immediately. Management estimates that the successful completion of all of these communities would ultimately add 7,239 institutional-quality apartment homes to the Company's portfolio. At December 31, 1998, the cumulative capitalized costs incurred in pursuit of the 27 Development Rights, including the cost of land acquired in connection with three of the Development Rights, was approximately $41.0 million. Many of these apartment homes will offer features like those offered by the communities currently owned by the Company. The Company generally holds Development Rights through options to acquire land, although one development right is controlled through a joint venture partnership that owns land (New Canaan, CT). The properties comprising the Development Rights are in different stages of the due diligence and regulatory approval process. The decisions as to which of the Development Rights to pursue, if any, or to continue to pursue once an investment in a Development Right is made are business judgments to be made by Management after continued financial, demographic and other analysis is performed. Finally, Management intends to limit the percentage of debt used to finance new developments. To comply with Management's self-imposed limitation on the use of debt, other financing alternatives may be required to finance the development of those Development Rights scheduled to start construction after January 1, 1999. Although the development of any particular Development Right cannot be assured, Management believes that the Development Rights, in the aggregate, present attractive potential opportunities for future development and growth of the Company's FFO. Statements regarding the future development of the Development Rights are forward-looking statements. There can be no assurance that: - the Company will succeed in obtaining zoning and other necessary governmental approvals or the financing required to develop these communities, or that the Company will decide to develop any particular community; or - construction of any particular community will be undertaken or, if undertaken, will begin at the expected times assumed in the financial projections or be completed by the anticipated date and/or at the total budgeted cost assumed in the financial projections; The 27 Development Rights the Company is currently pursuing are summarized on the following table: 24
27 <TABLE> <CAPTION> Total Estimated budgeted number of cost Location homes ($ millions) ---------------------- ------------------- --------------- <S> <C> <C> 1. Peabody, MA 154 $20.6 2. Bellevue, WA 200 29.1 3. Mountain View, CA (1) 238 58.8 4. San Jose, CA (1) 278 52.9 5. Hull, MA 162 18.2 6. New Rochelle, NY 408 78.8 7. Stamford, CT 319 58.1 8. Freehold, NJ 296 30.0 9. Orange, CT 168 16.4 10. New Canaan, CT (1) (2) 104 26.4 11. Darien, CT 172 29.0 12. Yonkers, NY 256 35.0 13. Greenburgh - II, NY 500 80.3 14. Greenburgh - III, NY 266 42.7 15. Arlington I, VA 566 68.8 16. Arlington II, VA 324 35.5 17. Florham Park, NJ 270 39.1 18. Edgewater, NJ 408 79.7 19. Hopewell, NJ 280 29.8 20. Naperville, IL 100 15.0 21. Westbury, NY 361 49.8 22. Providence, RI 247 30.4 23. Quincy, MA 152 18.7 24. Port Jefferson, NY 184 21.6 25. Kings Park, NY 302 37.0 26. Yorktown, NY 396 47.2 27. North Haven, CT 128 14.0 ------------- --------------- Totals 7,239 $1,062.9 ============= =============== </TABLE> (1) Company owns land, but construction has not yet begun. (2) Currently anticipated that the land seller will retain a minority limited partner interest. Risks of Development and Redevelopment The Company intends to continue to pursue the development and redevelopment of apartment home communities in accordance with the Company's underwriting policies. Risks associated with the Company's development and redevelopment activities may include: 25
28 - - the abandonment of opportunities explored by the Company based on further financial, demographic or other analysis or because of liquidity constraints; - - the inability to obtain, or delays in obtaining, all necessary zoning, land-use, building, occupancy, and other required governmental permits and authorizations; - - construction or reconstruction costs of a community may exceed original estimates due to increased materials, labor or other expenses, which could make completion or redevelopment of a community uneconomical; - - occupancy rates and rents at a newly completed or redevelopment community are dependent on a number of factors, including market and general economic conditions, and may not be sufficient to make the community profitable; - - financing may not be available on favorable terms for the development or redevelopment of a community; and construction and lease-up may not be completed on schedule, resulting in increased debt service expense and construction costs. The occurrence of any of the events described above could adversely affect the Company's ability to achieve its projected yields on communities under development or redevelopment and could prevent the Company from paying distributions to its stockholders. For each Development and Redevelopment Community, the Company establishes a target for projected EBITDA as a percentage of total budgeted cost. Projected EBITDA represents gross potential earnings projected to be achieved at completion of development or redevelopment before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization and extraordinary items, minus (a) projected economic vacancy and (b) projected stabilized operating expenses. Total budgeted cost includes all capitalized costs projected to be incurred to develop the respective Development or Redevelopment Community, including land, acquisition costs, construction costs, real estate taxes, capitalized interest and loan fees, permits, professional fees, allocated development overhead and other regulatory fees determined in accordance with GAAP. Gross potential earnings and construction costs reflect market conditions prevailing in the community's market at the time the Company's budgets are prepared taking into consideration certain changes to those market conditions anticipated by the Company at the time. Although the Company attempts to anticipate changes in market conditions, the Company cannot predict with certainty what those changes will be. Construction costs have been increasing and, for certain of the Company's Development Communities, the total construction costs have been or are expected to be higher than the original budget. Nonetheless, because of increases in prevailing market rents Management believes that, in the aggregate, the Company will still achieve its targeted projected EBITDA as a percentage of total budgeted cost for those communities experiencing costs in excess of the original budget. Management believes that it could experience similar increases in construction costs and market rents with respect to other development communities resulting in total construction costs that exceed original budgets. Likewise, costs to redevelop communities that have been acquired have, in some cases, exceeded Management's original estimates and similar increases in costs may be experienced in the future. There can be no assurances that market rents in effect at the time new development communities or repositioned communities complete lease-up will be sufficient to fully offset the effects of any increased construction costs. Capitalized Interest In accordance with GAAP, the Company capitalizes interest expense during construction or reconstruction until each building obtains a certificate of occupancy; thereafter, interest for each completed building is expensed. Capitalized interest during the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 totaled $16,977,000, $6,985,000 and $2,567,000, respectively. Acquisition Activities and Other Recent Developments Acquisitions of Existing Communities. In 1998, Avalon, Bay and, following the Merger, the Company acquired an aggregate of 13 communities containing 4,166 apartment homes. These communities are summarized as follows: 26
29 On January 7, 1998, Avalon purchased Avalon at Town Centre, a 246 apartment home community, and Avalon at Town Square, a 160 apartment home community, both of which are located in the Minneapolis, Minnesota area, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $27,625,000. On April 30, 1998, Avalon purchased Avalon at Oxford Hill, a 480 apartment home community located in St. Louis, Missouri, for approximately $29,760,000. On May 29, 1998, Avalon purchased The Gates of Edinburgh, a 198 apartment home community located in the Minneapolis, Minnesota area, for approximately $17,950,000. On January 14, 1998, Bay purchased Warner Oaks, a 227 apartment home community located in the Los Angeles, California area, for approximately $20,100,000. On January 28, 1998, Bay purchased Amberway, a 272 apartment home community located in Orange County, California, and Arbor Park, a 260 apartment home community located in the Los Angeles, California area, for approximately $17,500,000 and $12,400,000, respectively. On February 11, 1998, Bay purchased Laguna Brisas, a 176 apartment home community located in the Los Angeles, California area, for approximately $17,400,000. On March 2, 1998, Bay purchased Cabrillo Square, a 293 apartment home community located in San Diego, California, for approximately $22,900,000. On May 1, 1998, Bay purchased Avalon Ridge, a 421 apartment home community, located in the Seattle, Washington area, for approximately $25,100,000. On June 16, 1998, the Company purchased The Verandas at Bear Creek, a 264 apartment home community located in the Seattle, Washington area, for approximately $34,290,000. On July 16, 1998, the Company purchased the residential portion of the Prudential Center, a 781 apartment home community located in Boston, Massachusetts, for approximately $130,000,000. On December 1, 1998, the Company purchased Hanover Hall, a 388 apartment home community located in the Hartford, Connecticut area, for approximately $37,500,000. Sales of Existing Communities. During 1998, the Company completed a strategic planning effort resulting in a decision to pursue a disposition strategy for certain assets in markets that did not meet its long-term strategic direction. In connection with this disposition strategy, during 1998 the Company sold seven communities, totaling 2,039 apartment homes for a gross sales price of $126,200,000. Net proceeds from the sale of these communities totaled $73,900,000 resulting in a net gain of $3,970,000. In connection with an agreement executed by Avalon in March 1998 which provided for the buyout of certain limited partners in DownREIT V Limited Partnership, the Company sold two communities in July 1998. Net proceeds from the sale of the two communities, containing an aggregate of 758 apartment homes, were approximately $44,000,000. Land Acquisitions for New Developments. During February 1998, Avalon purchased a 17.1 acre site in Danbury, Connecticut for the development of 268 luxury apartment homes to be known as Avalon Valley. Avalon Valley is budgeted to cost $26,100,000. Construction on Avalon Valley commenced during the first quarter of 1998 and is expected to be completed in the third quarter of 1999. During February 1998, Avalon purchased a 32 acre site in Danbury, Connecticut for the development of 135 luxury apartment homes to be known as Avalon Lake. Avalon Lake is budgeted to cost $17,000,000. Construction on Avalon Lake commenced during the second quarter of 1998 and is expected to be completed in the third quarter of 1999. During March 1998, Avalon acquired a 22 acre site in Wilmington, Massachusetts for the development of 204 luxury apartment homes to be known as Avalon Oaks. Avalon Oaks is budgeted to cost $21,900,000. Construction on Avalon Oaks commenced during the second quarter of 1998 and is expected to be completed in the second quarter of 1999. During April 1998, Bay acquired a 5.05 acre site on the Alameda in downtown San Jose, California on which it plans to build, subject to certain governmental approvals, an 27
30 apartment home community with up to 278 apartment homes and approximately 8,500 square feet of retail space. This future development community is budgeted to cost $52,900,000. Seismic Concerns Many of the Company's West Coast communities are located in the general vicinity of active earthquake faults. In July 1998, the Company obtained a seismic risk analysis from an engineering firm which estimated the probable maximum damage ("PMD") for each of the 60 West Coast communities that the Company owned at that time and for each of the five West Coast communities under development at that time, individually and for all of those communities combined. To establish a PMD, the engineers first define a severe earthquake event for the applicable geographic area, which is an earthquake that has only a 10% likelihood of occurring over a 50-year period. The PMD is determined as the structural and architectural damage and business interruption loss that has a 10% probability of being exceeded in the event of such an earthquake. Because a significant number of the Company's communities are located in the San Francisco Bay Area, the engineers' analysis defined an earthquake on the Hayward Fault with a Richter Scale magnitude of 7.1 as a severe earthquake with a 10% probability of occurring within a 50-year period. The engineers then established an aggregate PMD at that time of $113 million for the 60 West Coast communities that the Company owned at that time and the five West Coast communities under development. The $113 million PMD for those communities was a PMD level that the engineers expected to be exceeded only 10% of the time in the event of such a severe earthquake. The actual aggregate PMD could be higher or lower as a result of variations in soil classifications and structural vulnerabilities. For each community, the engineers' analysis calculated an individual PMD as a percentage of the community's replacement cost and projected revenues. No assurance can be given that an earthquake would not cause damage or losses greater than the PMD assessments indicate, that future PMD levels will not be higher than the current PMD levels described above for the Company's communities located on the West Coast, or that future acquisitions or developments will not have PMD assessments indicating the possibility of greater damage or losses than currently indicated. In August 1998, the Company renewed its earthquake insurance, both for physical damage and lost revenue, with respect to all communities it owned at that time and all of the communities under development. For any single occurrence, the Company has in place $75,000,000 of coverage, with a 5 percent deductible not to exceed $25,000,000 and not less than $100,000, above this amount. In addition, the Company's general liability and property casualty insurance provides coverage for personal liability and fire damage. In the event an uninsured disaster or a loss in excess of insured limits were to occur, the Company could lose its capital invested in the affected community, as well as anticipated future revenue from that community, and would continue to be obligated to repay any mortgage indebtedness or other obligations related to the community. Any such loss could materially and adversely affect the business of the Company and its financial condition and results of operations. Americans with Disabilities Act The apartment communities owned by the Company and any newly acquired apartment communities must comply with Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act (the "ADA") to the extent that such properties are "public accommodations" and/or "commercial facilities" as defined by the ADA. Compliance with the ADA requirements could require removal of structural barriers to handicapped access in certain public areas of the Company's properties where such removal is readily achievable. The ADA does not, however, consider residential properties, such as apartment communities, to be public accommodations or commercial facilities, except to the extent portions of such facilities, such as leasing offices, are open to the public. The Company believes its properties comply in all material respects with all present requirements under the ADA and applicable state laws. Noncompliance could result in imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. 28
31 ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Neither the Company nor any of the communities is presently subject to any material litigation nor, to the Company's knowledge, is any litigation threatened against the Company or any of the communities, other than routine actions for negligence or other claims and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, or other claims for damages where the amount involved, exclusive of interest and costs, does not exceed ten percent of the current assets of the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Some of these claims and proceedings are expected to be covered by liability insurance and all, collectively, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the business or financial condition of the Company. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF STOCKHOLDERS On October 2, 1998, the Company held a Special Meeting of Stockholders (the "Special Meeting") at which the holders of record of the Company's Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (the, "Common Stock"), as of the close of business on August 26, 1998 (the "Record Date") were asked to vote on certain amendments to the Company's charter (the "Charter"). As of the Record Date, there were 63,649,121 shares of Common Stock outstanding and entitled to vote. Specifically, the stockholders were asked to vote to approve an amendment to the Charter that would: (i) an amendment to the Charter that would reduce the number of authorized shares of the Company's Common Stock which the Company may issue from 300,000,000 to 140,000,000. This amendment to the Charter was approved by a vote of 46,049,160 shares for and 46,981 shares against the amendment. The number of abstentions was 44,206. (ii) enable the Company's stockholders to remove directors from office with or without cause upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at a meeting of the stockholders called for such purpose. This amendment to the Charter was not approved because the number of votes cast in favor of such amendment did not meet the required two thirds of all issued and outstanding shares of the Company's Common Stock. The votes totaled 35,219,839 shares for and 1,530,077 shares against the amendment. The number of abstentions was 69,610. (iii) change the name of the Company from "Avalon Bay Communities, Inc." to "AvalonBay Communities, Inc." This amendment was approved by a vote of 46,075,627 shares for and 20,828 shares against the amendment. The number of abstentions was 43,891. Immediately following the Special Meeting on October 2, 1998, the Company caused Articles of Amendment to the Charter to be filed with, and accepted for record by, the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of the State of Maryland. Accordingly, the Company is now authorized to issue 140,000,000 shares of Common Stock and its name has been changed to "AvalonBay Communities, Inc." 29
32 ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The Company's Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") and the Pacific Stock Exchange (the "PCX") under the ticker symbol "AVB." The following table sets forth the quarterly high and low sales prices per share of the Company's Common Stock on the NYSE for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, as reported by the NYSE. On March 1, 1999, there were 921 holders of record of 64,103,611 shares of the Company's Common Stock. <TABLE> <CAPTION> 1998 1997 -------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- Sales Price Dividends Sales Price Dividends --------------------- ---------------------- Quarter Ended High Low Declared High Low Declared ------------- ------- ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> March 31 $39.250 $36.313 $ 0.42 $ 37.500 $34.125 $ 0.41 June 30 $37.875 $35.000 $ 0.51 $ 37.625 $32.125 $ 0.41 September 30 $38.438 $30.500 $ 0.51 $ 40.250 $36.500 $ 0.42 December 31 $34.313 $31.125 $ 0.51 $ 40.625 $37.438 $ 0.42 </TABLE> The Company expects to continue its policy of paying regular quarterly cash dividends. However, dividend distributions will be declared at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on actual Funds from Operations of the Company, its financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code and such other factors as the Board of Directors may deem relevant. The Board of Directors may modify the Company's dividend policy from time-to-time. The Company has an optional Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the "Plan") which provides a simple and convenient method for stockholders to invest cash dividends and optional cash payments in shares of Common Stock of the Company. All holders of Capital Stock are eligible to participate in the Plan, including stockholders, whose shares are held in the name of a nominee or broker (the "Participants"). Participants in the Plan may purchase additional shares of Common Stock by (i) having the cash dividends on all or part of their shares of Capital Stock automatically reinvested, (ii) receiving directly, as usual, their cash dividends, if as and when declared, on their shares of Capital Stock and investing in the Plan by making cash payments of not less than $100 or more than $25,000 (or such larger amount as the Company may approve) per quarter, or (iii) investing both their cash dividends and such optional cash payments in shares of Common Stock. Common Stock is acquired pursuant to the Plan at a price equal to 97% of the closing price on the NYSE for such shares of Common Stock on the higher of the dividend payment date or the applicable trading day. Generally, no brokerage commissions, fees or service charges are paid by Participants in connection with purchases under the Plan. Stockholders who do not participate in the Plan continue to receive cash dividends as declared. 30
33 ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following table below provides historical consolidated financial, operating and other data for the Company and the Greenbriar Group. The table should be read with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the notes included in this report. <TABLE> <CAPTION> Company (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Years ended ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 12-31-95 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ (Dollars in thousands, except per share information) <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> OPERATING INFORMATION: Revenue: Rental income $ 352,017 $ 126,375 $ 82,833 $ 53,190 Management fees 793 -- -- -- Other income 74 31 5 89 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total revenue 352,884 126,406 82,838 53,279 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Expenses: Operating expenses 95,980 32,434 21,391 13,764 Property taxes 29,778 9,539 6,381 4,349 Interest expense 54,003 14,113 14,276 11,472 Depreciation and amortization 78,359 27,009 18,689 13,714 General and administrative 7,674 4,106 1,823 1,155 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total expenses 265,794 87,201 62,560 44,454 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures 1,525 -- -- -- Interest income 3,191 206 178 242 Minority interest (1,342) (470) (319) (19) ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Income (loss) before gain on sale of communities and extraordinary item 90,464 38,941 20,137 9,048 Gain on sale of communities 3,970 -- -- 2,412 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Income (loss) before extraordinary item 94,434 38,941 20,137 11,460 Extraordinary item -- -- (511) -- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net income 94,434 38,941 19,626 11,460 Dividends attributable to preferred stock (25,874) (7,480) (4,264) (917) ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net income available to common stockholders $ 68,560 $ 31,461 $ 15,362 $ 10,543 ============ ============ ============ ============ PER COMMON SHARE AND SHARE INFORMATION: Income before extraordinary item- basic (3) $ 1.39 $ 1.40 $ 1.06 $ 0.91 Income before extraordinary item- diluted (3) $ 1.37 $ 1.40 $ 1.06 $ 0.91 Extraordinary item $ -- $ -- $ (0.03) $ -- Net income- basic (3) $ 1.39 $ 1.40 $ 1.03 $ 0.91 Net income- diluted (3) $ 1.37 $ 1.40 $ 1.03 $ -- Cash dividends declared (3) $ 1.95 $ 1.66 $ 1.61 $ 1.55 Weighted average common shares and units outstanding- basic (3) 49,488,868 22,472,394 14,985,160 11,544,287 Weighted average common shares and units outstanding- diluted (3) 50,146,909 22,472,394 14,985,160 11,544,287 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> The Greenbriar Company (1) Group (2) ------------------ ---------- 3-17-94 1-1-94 through through 12-31-94 3-16-94 ------------ ---------- <S> <C> <C> OPERATING INFORMATION: Revenue: Rental income $ 31,621 $ 5,104 Management fees -- -- Other income 97 13 ------------ ------- Total revenue 31,718 5,117 ------------ ------- Expenses: Operating expenses 7,847 1,821 Property taxes 2,786 459 Interest expense 4,782 2,358 Depreciation and amortization 8,366 1,111 General and administrative 744 107 ------------ ------- Total expenses 24,525 5,856 ------------ ------- Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures -- -- Interest income 310 23 Minority interest (17) -- ------------ ------- Income (loss) before gain on sale of communities and extraordinary item 7,486 (716) Gain on sale of communities -- -- ------------ ------- Income (loss) before extraordinary item 7,486 (716) Extraordinary item -- -- ------------ ------- Net income 7,486 (716) Dividends attributable to preferred stock -- -- ------------ ------- Net income available to common stockholders $ 7,486 $ (716) ============ ======= PER COMMON SHARE AND SHARE INFORMATION: Income before extraordinary item- basic (3) $ 0.65 N/A Income before extraordinary item- diluted (3) $ 0.65 N/A Extraordinary item $ -- N/A Net income- basic (3) $ 0.65 N/A Net income- diluted (3) $ 0.65 N/A Cash dividends declared $ 1.20 N/A Weighted average common shares and units outstanding- basic (3) 11,544,287 N/A Weighted average common shares and units outstanding- diluted (3) 11,544,287 N/A </TABLE> 31
34 <TABLE> <CAPTION> Company (1) --------------------------------------------------------------------- Years ended ---------------------------------------------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 12-31-95 ----------- ----------- --------- --------- (Dollars in thousands, except per share information) <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> OTHER INFORMATION: Funds from Operations (4) $ 144,152 $ 62,417 $ 38,293 $ 21,884 Gross EBITDA (5) $ 219,635 $ 79,857 $ 52,924 $ 33,992 Stabilized apartment communities (6) 113 54 34 25 BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION: Real estate, before accumulated depreciation $ 4,033,994 $ 1,373,515 $ 750,347 $ 498,210 Total assets $ 4,030,204 $ 1,317,650 $ 711,909 $ 477,190 Notes payable and Unsecured Facilities $ 1,484,371 $ 487,484 $ 273,688 $ 227,801 CASH FLOW INFORMATION: Net cash flows from operating activities $ 191,229 $ 62,650 $ 39,224 $ 22,598 Net cash flows used in investing activities $ (619,229) $ (574,970) $(216,000) $ (87,247) Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities $ 433,702 $ 514,588 $ 176,019 $ 61,628 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> The Greenbriar Company (1) Group (2) -------------- ---------- 3-17-94 1-1-94 through through 12-31-94 3-16-94 --------- --------- <S> <C> <C> OTHER INFORMATION: Funds from Operations (4) $ 15,430 $ 395 Gross EBITDA (5) $ 20,324 $ 2,730 Stabilized apartment communities (6) 19 10 BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION: Real estate, before accumulated depreciation $ 398,333 N/A Total assets $ 390,016 N/A Notes payable and Unsecured Facilities $ 181,731 N/A CASH FLOW INFORMATION: Net cash flows from operating activities $ 17,654 $ 647 Net cash flows used in investing activities $(189,430) $(2,211) Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities $ 175,168 $ (446) </TABLE> Notes to Selected Financial Data - --------------------------- (1) See consolidated financial statements of the Company and the related notes included in this report. (2) The Greenbriar Group is the Company's predecessor. (3) Share and per share information is only presented for the Company because no common stock was outstanding during periods presented for the Greenbriar Group. The first full year operating as a public company was 1995. (4) Management generally considers Funds from Operations ("FFO") to be an appropriate measure of the operating performance of the Company because it provides investors an understanding of the ability of the Company to incur and service debt and to make capital expenditures. The Company believes that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of the operating results of the Company, FFO should be examined in conjunction with net income as presented in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. FFO is determined in accordance with a definition adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT") and is defined as net income (loss) computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") excluding gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and sales of property, plus depreciation of real estate assets, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered an alternative to net income an indication of the Company's performance, or to net cash flows from operating activities as determined by GAAP as a measure of liquidity and is not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. Further, FFO as calculated by other REITs may not be comparable to the Company's calculation of FFO. The calculation of FFO for the periods presented is reflected in the following table: 32
35 SUMMARY CALCULATION OF FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS (Dollars in thousands) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Company (1) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Years ended ------------------------------------------------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 12-31-95 ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Net income $ 68,560 $ 31,461 15,362 $ 10,543 Convertible preferred dividend requirement 1,174 4,640 4,264 917 Depreciation (real estate related) 76,412 25,962 17,800 12,319 Joint venture adjustments 428 -- -- -- Amortization of non-recurring costs 360 354 356 517 Minority interest 1,188 -- -- -- Gain on sale of communities (3,970) -- -- (2,412) Extraordinary item -- -- 511 -- ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ Funds from Operations $ 144,152 $ 62,417 $ 38,293 $ 21,884 ============ =========== =========== ============ Weighted average common shares and units outstanding - diluted 50,146,909 25,508,309 17,817,623 12,196,003 ============ =========== =========== ============ </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> The Greenbriar Company (1) Group (2) ---------------- ----------- 3-17-94 1-1-94 through through 12-31-94 3-16-94 ----------- ------- <S> <C> <C> Net income $ 7,486 (716) Convertible preferred dividend requirement -- -- Depreciation (real estate related) 7,480 1,111 Joint venture adjustments -- -- Amortization of non-recurring costs 464 -- Minority interest -- -- Gain on sale of communities Extraordinary item -- -- ----------- ------- Funds from Operations $ 15,430 $ 395 =========== ======= Weighted average common shares and units outstanding - diluted 11,544,287 -- =========== ======= </TABLE> (5) Gross EBITDA represents earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain on sale of communities and extraordinary items. Gross EBITDA is relevant to an understanding of the economics of the Company because it indicates cash flow available from Company operations to service fixed obligations. Gross EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to operating income, as determined in accordance with GAAP, as an indicator of the Company's operating performance, or to cash flows from operating activities (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of liquidity. See "Communities" for property EBITDA and the related definition. (6) These amounts include communities only after stabilized occupancy has occurred. A community is considered by the Company to have achieved stabilized occupancy on the earlier of (i) the first day of any month in which the community reaches 95% physical occupancy or (ii) one year after completion of construction. These amounts also include joint venture investments. 33
36 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this Annual Report, including the footnotes to the Company's financial statements, constitute "forward-looking statements" as that term is defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "Reform Act"). The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "assume" and other similar expressions which are predictions of or indicate future events and trends and which do not solely report historical matters identify forward-looking statements. In addition, information concerning construction, occupancy and completion of Development and Redevelopment Communities and Development Rights (as each term is hereinafter defined) and related cost, yield and EBITDA estimates, as well as the cost, timing and effectiveness of Year 2000 compliance, are forward-looking statements. Reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements as they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which are in some cases beyond the control of the Company and which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to differ materially from the anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Certain factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, the following: the Company may not be successful in managing its current growth in the number of apartment communities and the related growth of its business operations; the Company's expansion into new geographic market areas may not produce financial results that are consistent with its historical performance; acquisitions of portfolios of apartment communities may result in the Company acquiring communities that are more expensive to manage and portfolio acquisitions may not be successfully completed, resulting in charges to earnings; the Company may fail to secure or may abandon development opportunities; construction costs of a community may exceed original estimates; construction and lease-up of Development and Redevelopment Communities may not be completed on schedule, resulting in increased debt service expense, construction costs and reduced rental revenues; occupancy rates and market rents may be adversely affected by local economic and market conditions which are beyond management's control; financing may not be available on favorable terms, and reliance on cash flow from operations and access to cost effective capital may be insufficient to enable the Company to pursue opportunities or develop its pipeline of Development Rights; the Company's cash flow may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest, and existing indebtedness may not be able to be refinanced or the terms of such refinancing may not be as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness; and the Company and its suppliers and service providers may experience unanticipated delays or expenses in achieving Year 2000 compliance. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in this report. General The Company is a real estate investment trust ("REIT") that is focused on the ownership and operation of institutional-quality apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. These markets are located in Northern and Southern California and selected states in the Mid-Atlantic, Northeast, Midwest and Pacific Northwest regions of the country. The Company is the surviving corporation from the merger (the "Merger") of Avalon Properties, Inc. ("Avalon") with and into the Company (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "Bay" before the Merger) on June 4, 1998. The Merger was accounted for as a purchase of Avalon by Bay. In conjunction with the Merger, the Company changed its name from Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. to AvalonBay Communities, Inc. The Company is a fully-integrated real estate organization with in-house acquisition, development, redevelopment, construction, reconstruction, financing, marketing, leasing and management expertise. With its experience and in-house capabilities, the Company believes it is well-positioned to continue to pursue opportunities to develop and 34
37 acquire upscale apartment homes in its target markets, although the Company may be constrained by the need to access cost effective capital to finance this activity. The Company's real estate investments as of March 1, 1999 consist primarily of apartment communities in various stages of the development cycle and land or land options held for development. Such investments can be divided into three categories: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Number of Number of communities apartment homes ----------- --------------- <S> <C> <C> Current Communities 127 37,910 Development Communities 14 3,262 Development Rights 27 7,239 (*) </TABLE> (*) Represents an estimate "Current Communities" are apartment communities where construction is complete and the community has either reached stabilized occupancy or is in the initial lease-up process or under redevelopment. Current Communities include the following sub-classifications: Stabilized Communities. Represents all Current Communities that have completed initial lease-up by attaining physical occupancy levels of at least 95% or have been completed for one year, whichever occurs earlier. For evaluation purposes, the Company regards each Stabilized Community as falling into one of three categories: - West Coast Established Communities. Represents all Stabilized Communities owned by Bay as of January 1, 1997, with stabilized operating costs as of January 1, 1997 such that a comparison of 1997 operating results to 1998 operating results is meaningful. As of March 1, 1999, there were 22 West Coast Established Communities containing 5,702 apartment homes. When used in connection with a comparison of 1997 and 1996 results, the term "Established Communities" refers to communities that were stabilized as of January 1, 1996. - East Coast Established Communities. Represents all Stabilized Communities owned by Avalon as of January 1, 1997 and subsequently acquired by the Company in connection with the Merger, with stabilized operating costs as of January 1, 1997 such that a comparison of 1997 operating results to 1998 operating results is meaningful. As of March 1, 1999, there were 34 East Coast Established Communities containing 10,171 apartment homes. - Other Stabilized Communities. Represents Stabilized Communities as defined above, but which attained such classification or were acquired after January 1, 1997. As of March 1, 1999, there were 57 Other Stabilized Communities containing 16,473 apartment homes. Lease-Up Communities. Represents all Current Communities where construction has been complete for less than one year and the communities are in the initial lease-up process. As of March 1, 1999, there was one Lease-Up Community containing 710 apartment homes. Redevelopment Communities. Represents all Current Communities where substantial redevelopment has either begun or is scheduled to begin. Redevelopment is considered substantial when additional capital invested during the reconstruction effort exceeds the 35
38 lesser of $5 million or 10% of the community's acquisition cost. As of March 1, 1999, there were 13 Redevelopment Communities containing 4,854 apartment homes. "Development Communities" are communities that are under construction and may be partially complete and operating and for which a final certificate of occupancy has not been received. "Development Rights" are development opportunities in the early phase of the development process for which the Company has an option to acquire land or owns land to develop a new community and where related pre-development costs have been incurred and capitalized in pursuit of these new developments. Of the Current Communities, the Company holds a fee simple ownership interest in 109 operating communities (one of which is on land subject to a 149 year land lease); a general partnership interest in four partnerships that hold a fee simple interest in four other operating communities; a general partnership interest in four partnerships structured as "DownREITs" (as described more fully below) that own 13 communities; and a 100% interest in a senior participating mortgage note secured by one community. The Company holds a fee simple ownership interest in each of the Development Communities except for two communities that are owned by partnerships in which the Company holds a general partnership interest. In each of the four partnerships structured as "DownREITs," the Company is the general partner and there are one or more limited partners whose interest in the partnership is denominated in "units of limited partnership interest" ("Units"). For each DownREIT partnership, limited partners who hold Units are entitled to receive certain distributions (a "Stated Distribution") prior to any distribution that such DownREIT partnership makes to the general partner. The Stated Distributions that are paid in respect of the DownREIT Units currently approximate the dividend rate applicable to Common Stock of the Company. Each DownREIT partnership has been structured in a manner that makes it unlikely that the limited partners thereof will be entitled to any greater distribution than the Stated Distribution. Each holder of Units has the right to require the DownREIT partnership that issued a Unit to redeem that Unit at a cash price equal to the then fair market value of a share of Common Stock of the Company, except that the Company has the right to acquire any Unit so presented for redemption for one share of Common Stock. As of March 1, 1999, there were 894,144 Units outstanding. The DownREIT partnerships are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. The Company's management ("Management") believes apartment communities present an attractive investment opportunity compared to other real estate investments because a broad potential resident base results in relatively stable demand during all phases of a real estate cycle. The Company intends to pursue appropriate new investments (both acquisitions of communities and new developments) in markets where constraints to new supply exist and where new household formations have out-paced multifamily permit activity in recent years. At December 31, 1998, Management had positioned the Company's portfolio of Stabilized Communities, excluding communities owned by joint ventures, to an average physical occupancy level of 95.3% and achieved an average economic occupancy of 96.2% and 95.7% for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. This continued high occupancy was achieved through aggressive marketing efforts combined with limited and targeted pricing adjustments. This positioning has resulted in overall growth in rental revenue from Established Communities between periods. It is Management's strategy to maximize total rental revenue through management of rental rates and occupancy levels. If market and economic conditions change, Management's strategy of maximizing total rental revenue could lead to lower occupancy levels. Given the high occupancy level of the portfolio, Management anticipates that any rental revenue and net income gains from the Company's Established Communities would be achieved primarily through higher rental rates and enhanced operating cost leverage provided by high occupancy. The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the year ended December 31, 1994 and has not revoked that election. The Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of California in 1978 and was reincorporated in the State of Maryland in July 1995. Its principal executive offices are located at 2900 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 300, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, and its telephone number at that location is (703) 329-6300. The Company also maintains super-regional offices in San Jose, California and Wilton, Connecticut and acquisition, development, redevelopment, construction, reconstruction or administrative offices in or near Boston, 36
39 Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Minneapolis, Minnesota; New York, New York; Newport Beach, California; Princeton, New Jersey; Richmond, Virginia; and Seattle, Washington. Recent Developments Sales of Existing Communities. During 1998, the Company completed a strategic planning effort resulting in a decision to pursue a disposition strategy for certain assets in markets that did not meet its long-term strategic direction. In connection with this disposition strategy, during 1998 the Company sold seven communities, totaling 2,039 apartment homes. Net proceeds from the sale of these communities totaled $73.9 million resulting in a net gain of $4.0 million. The proceeds from the sale of these communities will be directed to the development and redevelopment of communities currently under construction or reconstruction. In connection with an agreement executed by Avalon in March 1998 which provided for the buyout of certain limited partners in DownREIT V Limited Partnership, the Company sold two communities in July 1998. Net proceeds from the sale of the two communities, containing an aggregate of 758 apartment homes, were approximately $44 million. Special Meeting of Stockholders. On October 2, 1998, the Company held a Special Meeting of Stockholders at which stockholders approved (i) amendments to the charter reducing the number of authorized shares of the Company's common stock from 300,000,000 to 140,000,000, and (ii) an amendment to the charter changing the Company's name from "Avalon Bay Communities, Inc." to "AvalonBay Communities, Inc." Preferred Offering. On October 15, 1998, the Company completed the sale of 4,000,000 shares of 8.7% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock at a public offering price of $25 per share (the "Offering"). The net proceeds from the Offering of approximately $96.2 million were used to reduce borrowings under the Company's Unsecured Facility. These shares of Preferred Stock may not be redeemed by the Company until October 15, 2008 except in order to preserve the Company's status as a REIT. Medium-Term Notes. In January 1999, the Company issued $125 million of medium-term notes. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 and the notes will mature on February 15, 2004. The notes bear interest at 6.58%. The net proceeds of approximately $124.3 million were used to repay amounts outstanding under the Company's variable rate unsecured credit facility (the "Unsecured Facility"). Organizational Changes. In February 1999, the Company announced certain management changes. The management changes included the departures of Charles H. Berman, the Company's President, Chief Operating Officer and a director; Jeffrey B. Van Horn, Senior Vice President - Investments; and Max L. Gardner, Senior Vice President - Development/Acquisitions. Other announced management changes included the promotion of Bryce Blair, then Senior Vice President - Development/Acquisitions, to Chief Operating Officer, and the promotion of Robert H. Slater, then Senior Vice President - Property Operations, to Executive Vice President. Messrs. Berman, Gardner and Van Horn are entitled to severance benefits in accordance with the terms of their employment agreements with the Company dated as of March 9, 1998. The Company expects to record a non-recurring charge in the first quarter of 1999 relating to this management realignment and certain related organizational adjustments. Because a complete plan of management realignment was not in existence on June 4, 1998, the date of the Company's merger with Avalon, this charge is not considered a part of the Company's purchase price for Avalon and, accordingly, the expenses associated with the management realignment will be treated as a non-recurring charge. Management and the terminated officers are currently determining the amount of severance that each terminated officer is entitled to receive pursuant to their employment agreements and the valuations, if any, that must be performed pursuant to the terms of their employment agreements. Management is also completing an evaluation of the additional charge related to the other organizational changes. However, management currently estimates that the non-recurring charge that will be incurred in connection with these organizational adjustments, including severance payments and contract termination costs, costs to relocate accounting functions and office space reductions, will be approximately $16 million. The recurring cost reductions associated with the organizational adjustments giving rise to such non-recurring charge are estimated by management to total approximately $3.5 million annually (which estimate does not include any value assigned to the probable annual grants of stock options that would have been made to the terminated officers). No assurance can be given as to the amount of such non-recurring charge or the amount of the recurring cost reductions which could arise therefrom which could be greater or less than the estimates provided. 37
40 Results of Operations The changes in operating results from period-to-period (on a historical basis) are primarily the result of increases in the number of apartment homes owned due to the Merger as well as the development and acquisition of additional communities. Where appropriate, comparisons are made on a weighted average basis for the number of occupied apartment homes in order to adjust for such changes in the number of apartment homes. For Stabilized Communities (excluding communities owned by joint ventures), all occupied apartment homes are included in the calculation of weighted average occupied apartment homes for each reporting period. For communities in the initial lease-up phase, only apartment homes of communities that are completed and occupied are included in the weighted average number of occupied apartment homes calculation for each reporting period. Comparisons are also made between West and East Coast Established Communities for rental income, operating expenses and property taxes. East Coast Established Communities are compared on a pro forma basis for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, as if the Merger had occurred as of January 1, 1997. Management closely reviews these results as an indication of market strength and the effectiveness with which the communities are operated. COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 Net income increased $55,493,000 (142.5%) to $94,434,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $38,941,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997. The primary reason for the increase is additional operating income from the communities owned by Avalon prior to the Merger. The increase is also attributable to additional operating income from communities developed or acquired during 1998 and 1997, as well as growth in operating income from West Coast Established Communities. Rental income increased $225,642,000 (178.5%) to $352,017,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $126,375,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997. Of the increase, $4,991,000 relates to rental revenue increases from West Coast Established Communities, $144,213,000 relates to rental revenue attributable to the former Avalon communities and $76,438,000 is attributable to the addition of newly completed or acquired apartment homes. Overall Portfolio - The $225,642,000 increase is primarily due to increases in the weighted average number of occupied apartment homes as well as an increase in the weighted average monthly rental income per occupied apartment home. The weighted average number of occupied apartment homes increased from 8,084 apartment homes for the year ended December 31, 1997 to 20,524 apartment homes for the year ended December 31, 1998 as a result of additional apartment homes from the former Avalon communities and the development and acquisition of new communities. For the year ended December 31, 1998, the weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased $42 (3.8%) to $1,137 compared to $1,095 for the year ended December 31, 1997. West Coast Established Communities - Rental revenue increased $4,991,000 (6.8%) for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to the preceding year due to market conditions that allowed for higher average rents, but lower economic occupancy levels. For the year ended December 31, 1998, weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased $81 (7.4%) to $1,172 compared to $1,091 for the preceding year. The average economic occupancy decreased from 97.7% for the year ended December 31, 1997 to 97.1% for the year ended December 31, 1998. The Company's West Coast Established Communities consist entirely of communities located within the Northern California market. Compared to the prior year, most of the sub-markets within Northern California where the Company's communities are located have maintained a strong economic environment that has allowed for high occupancy levels and rent growth. However, Management believes that, beginning in October 1998, certain Northern California sub-markets that are primarily dependent on 38
41 Silicon Valley employment have softened, in part due to Asian economic difficulties. These impacted sub-markets have experienced reduced rent growth and occupancy compared to other Northern California sub-markets. East Coast Established Communities - Rental revenue (on a pro forma basis) increased $5,079,000 (4.7%) for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to the preceding year due to market conditions that allowed for higher average rents at higher economic occupancy levels. For the year ended December 31, 1998, weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased $40 (4.4%) to $969 compared to $929 for the preceding year. The average economic occupancy increased from 96.0% for the year ended December 31, 1997 to 96.3% for the year ended December 31, 1998. Management fees totaling $793,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 represent revenue from certain third-party contracts the Company succeeded to in connection with the Merger. Operating expenses increased $63,546,000 (195.9%) to $95,980,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $32,434,000 for the preceding year. Overall Portfolio - The increase in operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 1998 is primarily due to additional operating expenses from the former Avalon communities and, secondarily, due to the addition of newly developed, redeveloped or acquired apartment homes. Maintenance, insurance and other costs associated with Development and Redevelopment Communities are expensed as communities move from the initial construction and lease-up phase to the stabilized operating phase. West Coast Established Communities - Operating expenses for the West Coast Established Communities increased $97,000 (.6%) to $15,127,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $15,030,000 for the preceding year. The net change is the result of higher payroll and maintenance costs, offset by lower utility, administrative and insurance costs. Lower insurance costs are directly attributable to better pricing and risk sharing provided by the merger with Avalon. East Coast Established Communities - Operating expenses for the East Coast Established Communities (on a pro forma basis) increased $597,000 (2.3%) to $26,251,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $25,654,000 for the preceding year. The net change is the result of higher payroll and maintenance costs, offset by lower utility and insurance costs. Lower insurance costs are also attributable to the Merger due to better pricing. Property taxes increased $20,239,000 (212.2%) to $29,778,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $9,539,000 for the preceding year. Overall Portfolio - The increase in 1998 property taxes is primarily due to additional expense from the former Avalon communities and secondarily due to the addition of newly developed, redeveloped or acquired apartment homes. Property taxes on Development and Redevelopment Communities are expensed as communities move from the initial construction and lease-up phase to the stabilized operating phase. West Coast Established Communities - Property taxes for the West Coast Established Communities increased $230,000 (4.6%) to $5,246,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $5,016,000 for the comparable period of the preceding year. The increase is primarily the result of lower than estimated property tax assessments that resulted in a reduction in 1997 of previously accrued expenses. East Coast Established Communities - Property taxes for the East Coast Established Communities (on a pro forma basis) increased $348,000 (3.6%) to $10,062,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $9,714,000 for the preceding year. The increase is primarily the result of increased assessments of property values and increased property tax rates. 39
42 Interest expense increased $39,890,000 (282.6%) to $54,003,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $14,113,000 for the comparable period of the preceding year. The increase is primarily attributable to $643,410,000 of debt assumed in connection with the Merger and secondarily due to the issuance of unsecured senior notes in 1998 and 1997. Depreciation and amortization increased $51,350,000 (190.1%) to $78,359,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $27,009,000 for the preceding year. The increase is primarily attributable to additional expense from the former Avalon communities and secondarily to acquisitions and development of communities in 1998 and 1997. General and administrative expenses increased $3,568,000 (86.9%) to $7,674,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $4,106,000 for the preceding year. The increase is primarily due to the Merger. Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures of $1,525,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 represents the Company's share of income of certain joint ventures that the Company succeeded to in connection with the Merger. Interest income increased $2,985,000 to $3,191,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to $206,000 for the preceding year. The increase is primarily due to the interest on the Avalon Arbor promissory note that the Company succeeded to in connection with the Merger and on the Fairlane Woods promissory note acquired in August 1998. COMPARISON OF YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 Net income increased $19,315,000 (98.4%) to $38,941,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $19,626,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996. The primary reason for the increase is additional rental income from communities acquired during the latter half of 1996 and throughout 1997, as well as growth in operating income from Established Communities. Rental income increased $43,542,000 (52.6%) to $126,375,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $82,833,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996. Of the increase, $6,539,000 relates to rental revenue increases from Established Communities and $37,003,000 is attributable to the addition of newly completed or acquired apartment homes. Overall Portfolio - The $43,542,000 increase is primarily due to increases in the weighted average number of occupied apartment homes as well as an increase in the weighted average monthly rental income per occupied apartment home. The weighted average number of occupied apartment homes increased from 7,545 apartment homes for the year ended December 31, 1996 to 8,084 apartment homes for the year ended December 31, 1997 as a result of the development and acquisition of new communities. For the year ended December 31, 1997, the weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased $112 (11.4%) to $1,095 compared to $983 for the year ended December 31, 1996. Established Communities - Rental revenue increased $6,539,000 (10.0%) for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to the preceding year primarily due to an increase in rental rates and increased occupancy. For the year ended December 31, 1997, weighted average monthly revenue per occupied apartment home increased $87 (9.3%) to $1,020 compared to $933 for the preceding year. The average economic occupancy increased from 96.8% for the year ended December 31, 1996 to 97.5% for the year ended December 31, 1997. Operating expenses increased $11,043,000 (51.6%) to $32,434,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $21,391,000 for the preceding year. 40
43 Overall Portfolio - The increase for the year ended December 31, 1997 is primarily due to additional expense from the acquisition of new communities as well as the addition of newly completed homes for which maintenance, insurance and other costs are expensed as communities move from the initial construction and lease-up phase to the stabilized operating phase. Established Communities - Operating expenses increased $1,034,000 (7.1%) to $15,675,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $14,641,000 for the preceding year. The net change is primarily attributable to the completion of certain redevelopment communities and to higher maintenance costs, and secondarily to increased earthquake insurance costs due to the purchase of portfolio wide coverage. Property taxes increased $3,158,000 (49.5%) to $9,539,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $6,381,000 for the preceding year. Overall Portfolio - The increase in 1997 is primarily due to additional expense from the acquisition of new communities as well as the addition of newly completed homes for which property taxes are expensed as communities move from the initial construction and lease-up phase to the stabilized operating phase. Established Communities - Property taxes decreased $50,000 (1.0%) to $4,950,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $5,000,000 for the comparable period of the preceding year. The decrease is primarily the result of lower than estimated property tax assessments that resulted in a reduction in 1997 of previously accrued expenses. Interest expense decreased $163,000 (1.1%) to $14,113,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $14,276,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 1996. The decrease is primarily attributable to higher capitalization of interest from increased development, construction and reconstruction activity financed primarily with common and preferred stock issuances, offset in part by increased borrowing for new acquisitions. Depreciation and amortization increased $8,320,000 (44.5%) to $27,009,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $18,689,000 for the preceding year. The increase reflects additional expense from the acquisitions, development and redevelopment of communities in 1997 and 1996. General and administrative expenses increased $2,283,000 (125.2%) to $4,106,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to $1,823,000 for the preceding year. The increase is primarily due to staff additions and other costs related to the growth of the Company's portfolio. Interest income increased $28,000 (15.7%) to $206,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 1997 compared to $178,000 for the preceding year, primarily due to higher average cash balances during 1997 as compared to 1996. Capitalization of Fixed Assets and Community Improvements The Company maintains a policy with respect to capital expenditures that generally provides that only non-recurring expenditures are capitalized. Improvements and upgrades are capitalized only if the item exceeds $15,000, extends the useful life of the asset and is not related to making an apartment home ready for the next resident. Under this policy, virtually all capitalized costs are non-recurring, as recurring make ready costs are expensed as incurred, including costs of carpet and appliance replacements, floor coverings, interior painting and other redecorating costs. Purchases of personal property (such as computers and furniture) are capitalized only if the item is a new addition (i.e., not a replacement) and only if the item exceeds $2,500. The application of these policies for the year ended December 31, 1998 resulted in non-revenue generating capitalized expenditures for Stabilized Communities of approximately $158 per apartment home on a pro forma basis for the Merger. For the year ended December 31, 1998 the Company charged to maintenance expense, including carpet and appliance replacements, a total of 41
44 approximately $24,500,000 for Stabilized Communities or $946 per apartment home on a pro forma basis. Management anticipates that capitalized costs per apartment home will gradually rise as the Company's portfolio of communities matures. Liquidity and Capital Resources Liquidity. A primary source of liquidity to the Company is cash flows from operations. Operating cash flows have historically been determined by the number of apartment homes, rental rates, occupancy levels and the Company's expenses with respect to such apartment homes. The cash flows provided by financing activities and used in investing activities have historically been dependent on the capital markets environment, and thus the number of apartment homes under active development and construction as well as those that were acquired during any given period. Cash and cash equivalents increased from $3,188,000 at December 31, 1997 to $8,890,000 at December 31, 1998 due to the excess of cash provided by financing and operating activities over cash flow used in investing activities. Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $128,579,000 from $62,650,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $191,229,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 primarily due to an increase in operating income from the former Avalon communities as well as the existing Bay communities. Cash used in investing activities increased $44,259,000 from $574,970,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $619,229,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998. This increase in expenditures reflects increased construction and reconstruction activity, net of a decrease in acquisition activity (which is attributable to the purchase of the Southern California Travelers portfolio in 1997 not present in 1998 combined with higher yield requirements in 1998 that constrained investing activity) and the proceeds from the sale of communities in 1998. Net cash provided by financing activities decreased by $80,886,000 from $514,588,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 to $433,702,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998 primarily due to reduced financing activity in response to unfavorable capital markets. The increase is also attributable to an increase in dividends paid, as a result of a 21% Common Stock dividend increase in July 1998 and additional common and preferred shares issued in connection with the Merger. Cash and cash equivalents increased from $920,000 at December 31, 1996 to $3,188,000 at December 31, 1997 due to the excess of cash provided by financing and operating activities over cash flow used in investing activities. Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $23,426,000 from $39,224,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996 to $62,650,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 primarily due to an increase in operating income from acquisition and existing communities. Cash used in investing activities increased by $358,970,000 from $216,000,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996 to $574,970,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase reflects the increase in expenditures for communities acquired in Southern California, and the amounts used to acquire, develop, construct and reconstruct the Development and Redevelopment Communities. Net cash provided by financing activities increased by $338,569,000 from $176,019,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996 to $514,588,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997 primarily due to higher net proceeds from securities offerings and borrowings under the unsecured credit facility in 1997 as compared to 1996, offset by an increase in dividends paid. The Company regularly reviews its short-term liquidity needs and the adequacy of Funds from Operations ("FFO") and other expected liquidity sources to meet these needs. The Company believes that its principal short-term 42
45 liquidity needs are to fund normal recurring operating expenses, debt service payments, the distribution required with respect to the Preferred Stock and the minimum dividend payments required to maintain the Company's REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Management anticipates that these needs will be fully funded from cash flows provided by operating activities. Any short-term liquidity needs not provided by current operating cash flows would be funded from the Company's Unsecured Facility. Management anticipates that no significant portion of the principal of any indebtedness will be repaid prior to maturity and if the Company does not have funds on hand sufficient to repay such indebtedness, it will be necessary for the Company to refinance this debt. Such refinancing may be accomplished through additional debt financing, which may be collateralized by mortgages on individual communities or groups of communities, by uncollateralized private or public debt offerings or by additional equity offerings. There can be no assurance that such additional debt financing or debt or equity offerings will be available or, if available, that they will be on terms satisfactory to the Company. Capital Resources. Management intends to match the long-term nature of its real estate assets with long-term cost effective capital. The Company has benefited from regular and continuous access to the capital markets since its initial public offering, raising approximately $2.5 billion, on a pro forma basis. Approximately $800 million, on a pro forma basis, has been raised in capital markets offerings since January, 1998. The following table summarizes capital market activity for both Avalon and the Company since January 1, 1998: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Date Company Description of Offerings ---- ------- ------------------------ <S> <C> <C> January 1998 Avalon $100 million unsecured senior notes offering January 1998 Avalon $26.9 million direct placement of common stock to an institutional investor January 1998 Bay $150 million unsecured senior notes offering April 1998 Bay $46.5 million public offering of Common Stock July 1998 AvalonBay $250 million unsecured senior notes offering October 1998 AvalonBay $100 million public offering of Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock January 1999 AvalonBay $125 million medium term notes offering </TABLE> Management follows a focused strategy to help facilitate uninterrupted access to capital. This strategy includes: 1. Hire, train and retain associates with a strong resident service focus, which should lead to higher rents, lower turnover and reduced operating costs; 2. Manage, acquire and develop institutional quality communities with in-fill locations that should provide consistent, sustained earnings growth; 3. Operate in markets with growing demand (as measured by household formation and job growth) and high barriers-to-entry. These characteristics combine to provide a favorable demand-supply balance, which the Company believes will create a favorable environment for future rental rate growth while protecting existing and new communities from new supply. This strategy is expected to result in a high level of quality to the revenue stream; 4. Maintain a conservative capital structure largely comprised of equity and with modest, cost-effective leverage. Secured debt will generally be avoided and used primarily to secure low cost, tax-exempt debt. Management believes that such a capital structure should promote an environment whereby current ratings levels can be maintained; 5. Follow accounting practices that provide a high level of quality to reported earnings; and 6. Provide timely, accurate and detailed disclosures to the investment community. 43
46 Management believes these strategies provide a disciplined approach to capital access to help position the Company to fund portfolio growth. Recent volatility in the capital markets has decreased the Company's access to cost effective capital. See "Future Financing and Capital Needs" for a discussion of Management's response to the current capital markets environment. The following is a discussion of specific capital transactions, arrangements and agreements that are important to the capital resources of the Company. Unsecured Facility The Company's Unsecured Facility is furnished by a consortium of banks that provides for $600,000,000 in short-term credit and is subject to an annual facility fee of $900,000. The Unsecured Facility bears interest at varying levels tied to the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") based on ratings levels achieved on the Company's senior unsecured notes and on a maturity selected by the Company. The current pricing is LIBOR plus .6% per annum and matures in July 2001, with two one-year extension options. The Unsecured Facility, which was put into place during June 1998, replaced three separate credit facilities previously available to the separate companies prior to the Merger that had terms similar to the Unsecured Facility. A competitive bid option (which allows banks that are part of the lender consortium to bid to make loans to the Company at a rate that is lower than the stated rate provided by the Unsecured Facility) is available for up to $400,000,000 which may result in lower pricing if market conditions allow. Pricing under the competitive bid option resulted in average pricing of LIBOR plus .48% for balances most recently placed under the competitive bid option. At March 1, 1999, $285,500,000 was outstanding, $30,200,000 was used to provide letters of credit and $284,300,000 was available for borrowing under the Unsecured Facility. The Company will use borrowings under the Unsecured Facility for capital expenditures, acquisitions of developed or undeveloped communities, construction, development and renovation costs, credit enhancement for tax-exempt bonds and for working capital purposes. Interest Rate Protection Agreements The Company is not a party to any long-term interest rate agreements, other than interest rate protection and swap agreements on certain tax-exempt indebtedness. The Company intends, however, to evaluate the need for long-term interest rate protection agreements as interest rate market conditions dictate and has engaged a consultant to assist in managing the Company's interest rate risks and exposure. Financing Transactions Completed In January 1998, Avalon completed a $100,000,000 offering of unsecured senior notes. The notes bear interest at 6.625% payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 and will mature on January 15, 2005. The Company used the net proceeds of approximately $99,000,000 to repay amounts outstanding under Avalon's unsecured credit facilities. In January 1998, Avalon completed the sale of 923,856 shares of common stock to The Prudential Insurance Company of America at a net purchase price of $29.09 per share. The net proceeds of approximately $27,000,000 were used to retire indebtedness under Avalon's unsecured credit facilities. In January 1998, Bay issued $150,000,000 of senior unsecured notes, of which $50,000,000 of the notes bear interest at 6.25% and will mature in January 2003, $50,000,000 of the notes bear interest at 6.5% and will mature in January 2005 and $50,000,000 of the notes bear interest at 6.625% and will mature in January 2008. Semi-annual interest payments are payable on January 15 and July 15. The net proceeds of approximately $149,000,000 were used to reduce borrowings under Bay's then existing unsecured credit facility. 44
47 In April 1998, Bay sold 1,244,147 shares of Common Stock in an underwritten public offering at a public offering price of $37.375 per share. The net proceeds to Bay of approximately $44,000,000 were used to reduce borrowings under the Company's unsecured credit facility. In July 1998, the Company issued $250,000,000 of senior unsecured notes, of which $100,000,000 of the notes bear interest at 6.5% and will mature in July 2003 and $150,000,000 of the notes bear interest at 6.8% and will mature in July 2006. Semi-annual interest payments are payable on January 15 and July 15. The net proceeds of $248,000,000 were used to reduce borrowings under the Company's Unsecured Facility. In October 1998, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 4,000,000 shares of 8.7% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock at a public price of $25 per share. Quarterly dividends are payable on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15. The net proceeds of approximately $97,000,000 were used to reduce borrowings under the Company's Unsecured Facility. In January 1999, the Company issued $125,000,000 of medium-term unsecured notes bearing interest at 6.58% and maturing in February 2004. Semi-annual interest payments are payable on February 15 and August 15. The net proceeds of approximately $124,000,000 were used to reduce borrowings under the Company's Unsecured Facility. Registration Statements Filed in Connection with Financings On August 18, 1998, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission relating to the sale of up to $750,000,000 of securities. The registration statement provides for the issuance of Common Stock, Preferred Stock and debt securities. Future Financing and Capital Needs As of December 31, 1998, the Company had 24 new communities under construction by the Company or by others for the Company (for which the Company has entered into forward purchase commitments) with a total estimated cost of $497,000,000 remaining to be invested as of that date. In addition, the Company had a total of 13 communities that were under reconstruction of which an estimated $68,000,000 remained to be invested as of that date. Substantially all of the capital expenditures to complete the communities currently under construction and reconstruction will be funded from the Unsecured Facility, the sale of existing communities, retained operating cash or the issuance of debt or equity securities. Management expects to continue to fund deferred development costs related to future developments from FFO and borrowings under the Unsecured Facility as these sources of capital are expected to be adequate to take the proposed communities to the point in the development cycle where construction can commence. The industry and the Company have seen a reduction in the availability of cost effective capital over the last nine months. No assurance can be provided that cost effective capital will be available to meet future expenditures required to commence planned reconstruction activity or the construction of the Development Rights. Before planned reconstruction activity or the construction of a Development Right commences, the Company intends to arrange adequate liquidity sources to complete such undertakings, although no assurance can be given in this regard. Management estimates that a significant portion of the Company's liquidity needs will be met from retained operating cash and borrowings under the Company's Unsecured Facility. To meet the balance of the Company's liquidity needs, it will be necessary to arrange additional capacity under the Company's existing Unsecured Facility, sell additional existing communities and/or issue additional debt or equity securities. While Management believes the Company has the financial position to expand its short term credit capacity and support such capital markets activity, no assurance can be provided that the Company will be successful in completing these arrangements, offerings or sales. If these transactions cannot be completed on a cost-effective basis, then a 45
48 continuation of the current capital market conditions described herein could have a material adverse impact on the operating results and financial condition of the Company, including the abandonment of deferred development costs and the a charge to earnings. During 1998, the Company determined that it would pursue a disposition strategy for certain assets in markets that did not meet its long-term strategic direction. In connection with this decision, the Company's Board of Directors authorized Management to pursue the disposition of certain communities. The Company will solicit competing bids from unrelated parties for these individual assets, and will consider the sales price and tax ramifications of each proposal. Management intends to actively seek buyers for these assets during 1999. However, there can be no assurance that such assets can be sold on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. The Company disposed of the following communities in connection with this disposition strategy (dollars in thousands) as of March 1, 1999: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Period Apartment Gross sales Communities Location disposed homes Debt price Net proceeds - ----------- -------- --------- --------- ---- ------------ ------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Arbor Park Upland, CA 3Q98 260 $ -- $ 12,580 $ 12,540 Avalon Pointe Stafford, VA 4Q98 140 6,380 9,450 2,920 Avalon Ridge Silver Spring, MD 4Q98 432 26,815 35,210 7,700 Chase Lea Owings Mill, MD 4Q98 296 16,835 21,840 4,500 Avalon at Carter Lake Reston, VA 4Q98 259 -- 16,800 16,560 Reflections Fresno, CA 4Q98 516 -- 22,420 21,980 Sommerset Vacaville, CA 4Q98 136 -- 7,900 7,700 ----- -------- --------- --------- 2,039 $ 50,030 $ 126,200 $ 73,900 ===== ======== ========= ========= </TABLE> To facilitate the sale of Sommerset, the Company provided short-term financing to the purchaser for 80% of the gross sales price. Accordingly, $6,320,000 of the net proceeds will be received at maturity of this financing. The proceeds from the sale of these communities will be re-deployed to the development and redevelopment communities currently under construction or reconstruction. Pending such redeployment, the proceeds from the sale of these communities were primarily used to repay amounts outstanding under the Company's Unsecured Facility. The remaining assets that have been identified for disposition include land, buildings and improvements and furniture, fixtures and equipment. At December 31, 1998, total real estate, net of accumulated depreciation, of all communities currently identified for sale totaled $231,492,000. Certain individual assets are secured by mortgage indebtedness which may be assumed by the purchaser or repaid by the Company from the net sales proceeds. The Company's consolidated statements of operations includes net income from the communities held for sale of $3,916,000, $1,633,000 and $1,301,000 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. In connection with an agreement executed by Avalon in March 1998 which provided for the buyout of certain limited partners in DownREIT V Limited Partnership, the Company sold two communities in July 1998. Gross proceeds from the sale of the two communities, containing an aggregate of 758 apartment homes, were approximately $44 million. Because the proceeds from the sale of communities are used initially to reduce borrowings under the Unsecured Facility, the immediate effect of a sale of a community is to reduce earnings, as the yield on a community that is sold exceeds the interest rate on borrowings under the Unsecured Facility. Therefore, changes in the timing, number of dispositions and the redeployment of the net proceeds therefrom may have a material and adverse effect on the Company's earnings. 46
49 Debt Maturities The table on the following page summarizes debt maturities for the next five years (excluding the Unsecured Facility): (Dollars in thousands) <TABLE> <CAPTION> ALL-IN PRINCIPAL INTEREST MATURITY BALANCE OUTSTANDING ---------------------------------------- COMMUNITY RATE DATE 12-31-97 12-31-98 1999 --------- ---- ---- -------- ---------- -------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Tax-Exempt Bonds: FIXED RATE Canyon Creek 6.48% Jun-25 $ 38,534 $ 38,052 $ 517 Waterford 5.88% Aug-14 33,100 33,100 -- City Heights 5.80% Jun-25 20,714 20,496 233 CountryBrook 7.87% Mar-12 19,850 19,568 305 Villa Mariposa 5.88% Mar-17 18,300 18,300 -- Sea Ridge 6.48% Jun-25 17,479 17,261 235 Foxchase I 5.88% Nov-07 16,800 16,800 -- Barrington Hills 6.48% Jun-25 13,185 13,020 177 Rivershore 6.48% Nov-22 10,309 10,162 158 Foxchase II 5.88% Nov-07 9,600 9,600 -- Fairway Glen 5.88% Nov-07 9,580 9,580 -- Crossbrook 6.48% Jun-25 8,484 8,382 109 Larkspur Canyon 5.50% Jun-25 7,610 7,530 85 Avalon View 7.55% Aug-24 -- 19,085 290 Avalon at Lexington 6.56% Feb-25 -- 14,843 240 Avalon Knoll 6.95% Jun-26 -- 13,755 175 Avalon at Dulles 7.04% Jul-24 -- 12,360 -- Avalon Fields 7.57% May-27 -- 11,881 137 Avalon at Hampton II 7.04% Jul-24 -- 11,550 -- Avalon at Symphony Glen 7.06% Jul-24 -- 9,780 -- Avalon West 7.73% Dec-36 -- 8,681 50 Avalon Landing 6.85% Jun-26 -- 6,809 89 -------- ---------- -------- 223,545 330,595 2,800 VARIABLE RATE Avalon at Devonshire Dec-25 -- 27,305 -- Avalon at Fairway Hills I Jun-26 -- 11,500 -- Laguna Brisas Mar-09 -- 10,400 -- Avalon at Hampton I Jun-26 -- 8,060 -- -------- ---------- -------- -- 57,265 -- CONVENTIONAL LOANS: FIXED RATE $100 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 7.375% Sep-02 -- 100,000 -- $100 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.625% Jan-05 -- 100,000 -- $110 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.875% Dec-07 -- 110,000 -- $50 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.25% Jan-03 -- 50,000 -- $50 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.50% Jan-05 -- 50,000 -- $50 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.625% Jan-08 -- 50,000 -- $100 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.500% Jul-03 -- 100,000 -- $150 Million Senior Unsecured Notes 6.800% Jul-06 -- 150,000 -- Governor's Square 7.65% Aug-04 14,184 14,064 142 The Arbors 7.25% May-04 12,870 12,870 -- Gallery Place 7.31% May-01 11,685 11,486 214 Cedar Ridge 6.50% Jul-99 1,000 1,000 1,000 Avalon Walk II 8.93% Nov-04 -- 12,762 221 Avalon Pines 8.00% Dec-03 -- 5,329 112 -------- ---------- -------- 39,739 767,511 1,689 VARIABLE RATE-NONE -- -- -- -------- ---------- -------- TOTAL INDEBTEDNESS - EXCLUDING CREDIT FACILITY $263,284 $1,155,371 $ 4,489 ======== ========== ======== </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> --------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMUNITY 2000 2001 2002 2003 Thereafter --------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Tax-Exempt Bonds: FIXED RATE Canyon Creek $ 554 $ 594 $ 637 $ 684 $ 35,066 Waterford -- -- -- -- 33,100 City Heights 250 268 288 308 19,149 CountryBrook 330 357 386 417 17,773 Villa Mariposa -- -- -- -- 18,300 Sea Ridge 251 270 289 310 15,906 Foxchase I -- -- -- -- 16,800 Barrington Hills 190 203 218 234 11,998 Rivershore 171 184 198 213 9,238 Foxchase II -- -- -- -- 9,600 Fairway Glen -- -- -- -- 9,580 Crossbrook 117 126 136 146 7,748 Larkspur Canyon 91 98 105 112 7,039 Avalon View 330 350 373 397 17,345 Avalon at Lexington 255 271 288 307 13,482 Avalon Knoll 187 200 214 230 12,749 Avalon at Dulles -- -- -- -- 12,360 Avalon Fields 147 157 169 180 11,091 Avalon at Hampton II -- -- -- -- 11,550 Avalon at Symphony Glen -- -- -- -- 9,780 Avalon West 53 57 61 65 8,395 Avalon Landing 95 101 108 116 6,300 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 3,021 3,236 3,470 3,719 314,349 VARIABLE RATE Avalon at Devonshire -- -- -- -- 27,305 Avalon at Fairway Hills I -- -- -- -- 11,500 Laguna Brisas -- -- -- -- 10,400 Avalon at Hampton I -- -- -- -- 8,060 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -- -- -- -- 57,265 CONVENTIONAL LOANS: FIXED RATE $100 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- 100,000 -- -- $100 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- -- 100,000 $110 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- -- 110,000 $50 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- 50,000 -- $50 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- -- 50,000 $50 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- -- 50,000 $100 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- 100,000 -- $150 Million Senior Unsecured Notes -- -- -- -- 150,000 Governor's Square 153 165 178 193 13,233 The Arbors -- -- -- -- 12,870 Gallery Place 230 11,042 -- -- -- Cedar Ridge -- -- -- -- -- Avalon Walk II 241 264 288 315 11,433 Avalon Pines 121 131 142 4,823 -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 745 11,602 100,608 155,331 497,536 VARIABLE RATE-NONE -- -- -- -- -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- TOTAL INDEBTEDNESS - EXCLUDING CREDIT FACILITY $ 3,766 $ 14,838 $104,078 $159,050 $869,150 ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== </TABLE> Inflation Substantially all of the leases at the Current Communities are for a term of one year or less, which may enable the Company to realize increased rents upon renewal of existing leases or commencement of new leases. Such short-term leases generally minimize the risk to the Company of the adverse effects of inflation, although these leases generally permit residents to leave at the end of the lease term without penalty. Short-term leases combined with relatively consistent demand allow rents, and, therefore, cash flow from the Company's portfolio of apartments, to provide an attractive inflation hedge. Year 2000 Compliance The statements in the following section include "Year 2000 readiness disclosure" within the meaning of the Year 2000 Information and Readiness Disclosure Act of 1998. 47
50 The Year 2000 compliance issue concerns the inability of computer systems to accurately calculate, store or use a date after December 31, 1999. This could result in a system failure causing disruptions of operations or create erroneous results. The Year 2000 issue affects virtually all companies and organizations. Management has been taking steps to understand the nature and extent of the work required to make its information computer systems ("IT Systems") and non-information embedded systems ("Non-IT Systems") Year 2000 compliant, as well as to determine what effects non-compliance by the Company's significant business partners may have on the Company. Management has assigned key personnel to the Company's Year 2000 Task Force ("the Task Force") to coordinate compliance efforts. The Task Force is represented by executive, financial and community operation functions. An outside consulting firm ("Y2K Consultants") has been engaged by the Company to assist the Task Force in detecting Non-IT Systems that are not Year 2000 compliant. The Y2K Consultants will aid in assessing the compliance of the Company's Non-IT Systems and, for non-compliant systems, will recommend replacement, upgrades or alternative solutions based on the system's importance to business operations or financial impact, likelihood of failure, life safety concerns and available contingency options. Management has identified certain phases necessary to become Year 2000 compliant and has established an estimated timetable for completion of those phases, as shown below: <TABLE> <CAPTION> ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE PHASE DEFINITION AS OF MARCH 1, 1999 ----- ---------- ------------------------- <S> <C> <C> 1. Designate Task Force Assign key management personnel Completed to the Company's Year 2000 Task Force ("the Task Force") to coordinate compliance efforts 2. Introduce Year 2000 Awareness Communicate the Year 2000 issue Completed to the Company. Ensure current and future acquisition, development and operation processes address Year 2000 compliance 3. Inventory System INITIAL REVIEW: Identify the Initial Review: Completed 3.1 Initial Review Company's information computer 3.2 Follow-up Review systems ("IT Systems") and non-information embedded systems ("Non-IT Systems") and provide findings to Y2K Consultant FOLLOW-UP REVIEW: Utilize Y2K Follow-up Review: March 31, 1999 Consultant analysis of the Initial Review to detect previously unknown Non-IT systems 4. Contact Vendors Contact vendors of all IT and IT Systems: Completed Non-IT Systems to request Non-IT Systems: April 15, 1999 assurance regarding the compliance of those systems </TABLE> (continued on next page) 48
51 <TABLE> <S> <C> <C> 5. Prioritize and Budget Prioritize non-compliant IT and April 30, 1999 Non-IT Systems and prepare initial budget for cost of becoming compliant 6. Identify Solutions Identify the course of action April 30, 1999 necessary to become Year 2000 compliant, and engage third party service providers where needed 7. Contingency Plan Develop contingency plans to General Comm: May 15, 1999 7.1 General Community minimize disruptions and data Site Specific: October 31, 1999 7.2 Site Specific processing errors in the event impacted IT and Non-IT Systems are not Year 2000 compliant on January 1, 2000. General Community contingency plans will be developed for each community type. Where necessary (as determined by system inventory) Site Specific contingency plans will be developed 8. Replace/Upgrade and Test Replace or upgrade certain Replace/Upgrade: July 31, 1999 Solutions non-compliant IT and Non-IT Test: October 31, 1999 Systems and test functionality of critical systems 9. Communicate to Residents Communicate to residents steps October 31, 1999 the Company has taken towards becoming Year 2000 compliant and remaining IT and Non-IT Systems that may still be impacted </TABLE> The Year 2000 Task Force has completed the Inventory System Phase for computerized IT Systems. The assessment determined that it will be necessary to modify, update or replace limited portions of the Company's computer hardware and software applications. The Company anticipates that replacing and upgrading certain existing IT Systems (both hardware and software) in the normal course of business will result in Year 2000 compliance by the end of the second quarter of 1999. The vendor that provides the Company's existing accounting software has a compliant version of its product, but growth in the Company's operations requires a general ledger system with scope and functionality that is not present in either the system currently in use or the Year 2000 compliant version of that system. Accordingly, the Company is replacing the current general ledger system with an enhanced system that, in addition to increased functionality, is Year 2000 compliant. The new general ledger system has been selected and is expected to be implemented by the third quarter of 1999. The Company is not treating the cost of this new system as a Year 2000 expense because the implementation date has not been accelerated due to Year 2000 compliance concerns. The cost of the new general ledger system, after considering anticipated efficiencies provided by the new system, is not currently expected to have a material effect (either beneficial or adverse) on the Company's financial condition or results of operations. 49
52 The Task Force has also completed the Initial Review of the Inventory System Phase of the Company's Non-IT Systems (e.g., security, heating and cooling, fire and elevator systems) at each community that may not be Year 2000 compliant and has identified areas of risks for non-compliance by community type. The high-rises, mid-rises and newer garden communities represent the greatest risk of non-compliant systems as they have the most systems per community. In conjunction with the Y2K Consultants, the Task Force is currently conducting an assessment of these systems at all communities to identify and evaluate the changes and modifications necessary to make these systems compliant for Year 2000 processing. The Task Force is currently conducting the Follow-up Review of the Inventory System Phase to ensure any previously undetected Non-IT Systems are addressed for Year 2000 compliance. This review is expected to be completed by March 31, 1999. The Y2K Consultants are currently in the process of verifying inventory and obtaining risk assurance regarding Year 2000 compliance of detected Non-IT Systems, and this process is expected to be completed by April 15, 1999. The Task Force and Y2K Consultants will prioritize the non-compliant systems, if any, and proceed according to the phases described above. No assurance, however, can be given that completion of the above phases will identify all non-compliant systems. Upon completion of each of the above described upgrades and replacements of the Company's IT and Non-IT Systems, the Company will commence testing to ensure Year 2000 compliance. Testing will be performed on systems: - which are critical to business operations or life safety; - which entail a material financial impact in the event of non-compliance; - with a high likelihood of failure; - for which the Task Force is unable to obtain reliable third party assurance that the detected system is Year 2000 compliant; and - which are not deemed to have acceptable contingency options. The Company currently expects its testing to be completed during the fourth quarter of 1999. While the Company anticipates such tests will be successful in all material respects, the Task Force intends to closely monitor the Company's Year 2000 compliance progress and will develop contingency plans in the event Non-IT Systems are not compliant. The Task Force will create functional contingency plans by community type that will encompass substantially all of the Company's existing portfolio, discussed above as General Community contingency plans. For certain communities, primarily communities with high-rise buildings, specific contingency plans will be required, discussed above as Site Specific contingency plans. The Task Force will continue to review both compliance and contingency plans, throughout all of the above phases, in an effort to detect if any systems will not be compliant on time. Management currently anticipates that the costs of becoming Year 2000 compliant for all impacted Non-IT Systems will be approximately $750,000, based on the current progress towards the completion of the Prioritize and Budget Phase. Based on available information, the Company believes that the ultimate cost of achieving Year 2000 compliance will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. However, no assurance can be given that the Company will be Year 2000 compliant by December 31, 1999 or that the Company will not incur significant costs pursuing Year 2000 compliance. The third parties with which the Company has material relationships include the Company's utility providers and the vendor that will provide the Company's new accounting software system. The Company, together with the Y2K Consultants, is communicating with these and other third party vendors to determine the efforts being made on their part for compliance and to request representation that their systems will be Year 2000 compliant. No assurance can be given that such representations will be received by the Company or that they will prove to be accurate. As described above, the Company expects that its accounting software will be Year 2000 compliant. 50
53 The Company is not aware of third parties, other than its residents and owners of communities for which the Company provides community management services, to which it could have potential material liabilities should its IT or Non-IT Systems be non-compliant on January 1, 2000. The inability of the Company to achieve Year 2000 compliance on its Non-IT Systems by January 1, 2000 may cause disruption in services that could potentially lead to declining occupancy rates, rental concessions, or higher operating expenses, and other material adverse effects, which are not quantifiable at this time. These disruptions may include, but are not limited to, disabled fire control systems, lighting controls, utilities, telephone and elevator operations. Currently, the Company has not delayed any information technology or non-information technology projects due to the Year 2000 compliance efforts. However, the Company can neither provide assurance that future delays in such projects will not occur as a result of Year 2000 compliance efforts, nor anticipate the effects of such delays on the Company's operations. Funds from Operations Management generally considers Funds from Operations to be an appropriate measure of the operating performance of the Company because it provides investors an understanding of the ability of the Company to incur and service debt and to make capital expenditures. The Company believes that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of the operating results of the Company, FFO should be examined in conjunction with net income as presented in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. FFO is determined in accordance with a definition adopted by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts(R), and is defined as net income (loss) computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), excluding gains (or losses) from debt restructuring and sales of property, plus depreciation of real estate assets and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP and therefore should not be considered an alternative to net income as an indication of the Company's performance or to net cash flows from operating activities as determined by GAAP as a measure of liquidity and is not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs. Further, FFO as calculated by other REITs may not be comparable to the Company's calculation of FFO. For the year ended December 31, 1998, FFO increased to $144,152,000 from $62,417,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase is primarily due to the acquisition of additional communities in connection with the Merger and secondarily to delivery of new development and redevelopment communities. Growth in earnings from West Coast Established Communities as well as acquisition activity in 1998 and 1997 also contributed to the increase. FFO for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 are summarized on the following page (dollars in thousands): 51
54 ANALYSIS OF 1998 AND 1997 FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS <TABLE> <CAPTION> Three months ended Years ended ------------------------------- ------------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-98 12-31-97 ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Net income available to common stockholders $ 22,091 $ 9,396 $ 68,560 $ 31,461 Convertible preferred dividend requirement -- 1,174 1,174 4,640 Depreciation (real estate related) 29,708 7,669 76,412 25,962 Joint venture adjustments 183 -- 428 -- Amortization of non-recurring costs (1) 90 90 360 354 Minority interest 468 -- 1,188 -- Gain on sale of communities (3,930) -- (3,970) -- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- Funds from Operations available to common stockholders $ 48,610 $ 18,329 $ 144,152 $ 62,417 ============ =========== ============ =========== Common shares outstanding 63,887,126 26,077,518 63,887,126 26,077,518 OP Units outstanding 894,144 295,121 894,144 295,121 ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- 64,781,270 26,372,639 64,781,270 26,372,639 ============ =========== ============ =========== Average shares outstanding - basic 64,486,472 25,258,094 49,488,868 22,472,394 Shares issued from assumed conversion of: Preferred stock -- 2,713,822 -- 2,713,822 Common stock options 321,668 324,137 418,813 -- Unvested restricted stock grants 239,228 -- 239,228 322,093 ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- Average shares outstanding - diluted 65,047,368 28,296,053 50,146,909 25,508,309 ============ =========== ============ =========== </TABLE> (1) Represents the amortization of pre-1986 bond issuance costs carried forward to the Company and costs associated with the reissuance of tax-exempt bonds incurred prior to the initial public offering of Bay in March 1994 (the "Initial Offering") in order to preserve the tax-exempt status of the bonds at the Initial Offering. Management Information Systems The Company believes that a state-of-the-art management information systems infrastructure will be a key element in managing the Company's future growth. The Company employs a proprietary company-wide intranet using a digital network with high-speed digital lines. This network connects all communities and offices back to central servers in Alexandria, Virginia, providing access to Company associates throughout the country from all locations. This infrastructure also allows the Company to employ new "network computers" that are less expensive to purchase and support, which reduces the Company's "total cost of ownership" for each work station. The Company believes that timely and accurate collection of financial and resident profile data will enable the Company to maximize revenue through careful leasing decisions and financial management. During 1998, the Company began the development of a new property management system to enable the capture and analysis of data to an extent that would not be available using existing commercial software. The Company intends to develop this system through a joint venture with one or more public multifamily real estate companies. The Company currently expects that the total development costs over a three-year period will be approximately $7.0 million, and such development costs will be shared on a pro rata basis by those companies that participate in the joint venture. Once developed the Company intends to use the system in place of current property management information systems for which the Company pays license fees to third parties. 52
55 ITEM 7a. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK The Company is exposed to certain financial market risks, the most predominant being fluctuations in interest rates. Interest rate fluctuations are monitored by Management as an integral part of the Company's overall risk management program, which recognizes the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to reduce the potentially adverse effect on the Company's results of operations. The effect of interest rate fluctuations historically has been small relative to other factors affecting operating results, such as rental rates and occupancy. The specific market risks and the potential impact on the Company's operating results are described below. The Company's operating results are affected by changes in interest rates as a result of borrowing under the Company's Unsecured Facility as well as issuing bonds with variable interest rates. If interest rates under the Unsecured Facility and other variable rate indebtedness had been one percent higher throughout 1998, the Company's annual interest costs would have increased by approximately $2,500,000, based on balances outstanding during the year ending December 31, 1998. Changes in interest rates also impact the fair value of the Company's fixed rate debt. If the market interest rate applicable to fixed rate indebtedness with maturities similar to the Company's fixed rate indebtedness had been one percent higher, the fair value of the Company's fixed debt on December 31, 1998 would have decreased by approximately $67,000,000, based on balances outstanding at December 31, 1998. The Company currently uses interest rate swap agreements to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations on variable rate indebtedness. Under swap agreements, (i) the Company agrees to pay to a counterparty the interest that would have been incurred on a fixed principal amount at a fixed interest rate (generally, the interest rate on a particular treasury bond on the date the agreement is entered into, plus a fixed increment thereto), and (ii) the counterparty agrees to pay to the Company the interest that would have been incurred on the same principal amount at an assumed floating interest rate tied to a particular market index. As of December 31, 1998, the effect of swap agreements is to fix the interest rate on approximately $200 million of the Company's variable rate tax-exempt debt. The swap agreements were not electively entered into by the Company but, rather, were a requirement of either the bond issuer or the credit enhancement provider related to certain of the Company's tax-exempt bond financings. In addition, because the counterparties providing the swap agreements are major financial institutions with AAA credit ratings by the Standard & Poor's Ratings Group and the interest rates fixed by the swap agreements are significantly higher than current market rates for such agreements, the Company does not believe there is exposure at this time to a default by a counterparty. 53
56 ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The response to this Item 8 is included as a separate section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE On November 11, 1998, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP was dismissed and Arthur Andersen LLP was engaged as the principal independent public accountant for the Company. The decision to change accountants was unanimously approved by the Company's Board of Directors. The reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP on the financial statements of the Company for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 did not contain any adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, nor were they qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles. During the Company's fiscal years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the subsequent interim period through November 11, 1998, there were no disagreements with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, would have caused them to make reference thereto in their reports on the financial statements for such years. During the Company's fiscal years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the subsequent interim period through November 11, 1998, Arthur Andersen LLP was not engaged as an independent accountant to audit either the Company's financial statements or the financial statements of any of its subsidiaries, nor was it consulted regarding the application of the Company's accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company's financial statements. ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT Information pertaining to directors and executive officers of the registrant is incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 5, 1999. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Information pertaining to executive compensation is incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 5, 1999. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT Information pertaining to security ownership of Management and certain beneficial owners of the registrant's Common Stock is incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 5, 1999. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS Information pertaining to certain relationships and related transactions is incorporated herein by reference to the registrant's Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the year covered by this Form 10-K with respect to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 5, 1999. 54
57 PART IV ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K 14(a)(1) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule: Report of Independent Accountants F-1 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1998 and 1997 F-3 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 F-4 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 F-5 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 F-6 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-8 14(a)(2) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE Schedule III - Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation F-28 14(a)(3) EXHIBITS The exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed as a part of this report. 14(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K On October 6, 1998, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K relating to (i) a Special Meeting of Stockholders, held on October 2, 1998, at which the holders of record of the Company's Common Stock as of the close of business on August 26, 1998 were asked to vote on certain amendments; and (ii) an agreement to acquire Hanover Hall and Summer Terrace (a combined community known as Hanover Hall). This Form 8-K contained financial statements under Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X and pro forma financial statements. On October 21, 1998, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the completion of the sale of 4,000,000 shares of 8.7% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. On November 18, 1998, the Company filed a Current Report on From 8-K relating to a change in the Company's certifying accountant. On December 21, 1998, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the offering and sale of $400,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company's medium-term-notes due nine months from the date of issue. 55
58 INDEX TO EXHIBITS EXHIBIT NO. DESCRIPTION 2.1 -- Merger Agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, by and between Avalon Properties, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as "Avalon") and Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as "Bay"). (Incorporated by reference from Bay's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 1998.) 3(i).1 -- Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Articles of Incorporation of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (the "Company"), dated as of June 4, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i).1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 3(i).2 -- Articles of Amendment, dated as of October 2, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1(ii) to Form 8-K of the Company filed on October 6, 1998.) 3(i).3 -- Articles Supplementary, dated as of October 13, 1998, relating to the 8.70% Series H Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to Form 8-A of the Company filed October 14, 1998.) 3(ii).1 -- Bylaws of the Company, as amended and restated, dated as of July 24, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii).1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 3(ii).2 -- Amendment to Bylaws of the Company dated February 10, 1999. 4.1 -- Indenture of Avalon dated as of September 18, 1995. (Incorporated by reference to Form 8-K of Avalon dated September 18, 1995.) 4.2 -- First Supplemental Indenture of Avalon dated as of September 18, 1995. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 18, 1995.) 4.3 -- Second Supplemental Indenture of Avalon dated as of December 16, 1997. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 26, 1998.) 4.4 -- Third Supplemental Indenture of Avalon dated as of January 22, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 1998.) 4.5 -- Indenture, dated as of January 16, 1998, between the Company and State Street Bank and Trust Company, as Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K of the Company filed on January 21, 1998.) 4.6 -- First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 20, 1998, between the Company and the Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K of the Company filed on January 21, 1998.) 4.7 -- Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 7, 1998, between the Company and the Trustee. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K of the Company filed on July 9, 1998.) 4.8 -- Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 21, 1998 between the Company and the Trustee, including forms of Floating Rate Note and Fixed Rate Note (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form 8-K filed on December 21, 1998.) 4.9 -- The Company's 7.375% Senior Note due 2002. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 18, 1995.) 4.10 -- The Company's 6.250% Senior Note due 2003. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K of the Company filed January 21, 1998.) 4.11 -- The Company's 6.500% Senior Note due 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form 8-K filed January 21, 1998.) 4.12 -- The Company's 6.625% Senior Note due 2008. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Form 8-K filed January 21, 1998.) 4.13 -- The Company's 6.50% Senior Note due 2003. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K of the Company filed July 9, 1998.) 4.14 -- The Company's 6.625% Senior Note due 2005. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 18, 1995.) 4.15 -- The Company's 6.80% Senior Note due 2006. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form 8-K of the Company filed July 9, 1998.) 4.16 -- The Company's 6.875% Senior Note due 2007. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Avalon's Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 22, 1997.) 4.17 -- Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan of the Company filed October 8, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Form S-3 of the Company, File No. 333-16647.) 4.18 -- Shareholder Rights Agreement, dated March 9, 1998, between the Company and First Union National Bank (a successor to American Stock Transfer and Trust Company) as Rights Agent (including the form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit B). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A of the Company filed March 11, 1998.) 56
59 10.1 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Richard L. Michaux. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 10.2 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Charles H. Berman. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 10.3 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Robert H. Slater. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 10.4 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Thomas J. Sargeant. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 10.5 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Bryce Blair. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 10.6 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Gilbert M. Meyer. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 15, 1998.) 10.7 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Jeffrey B. Van Horn. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 15, 1998.) 10.8 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Max L. Gardner. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 15, 1998.) 10.9 + -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Morton L. Newman. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 15, 1998.) 10.10+ -- Employment agreement, dated as of March 9, 1998, between the Company and Debra L. Shotwell. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed May 15, 1998.) 10.11 -- Promissory Note, dated July 26, 1996, between the Company and Jeffrey B. Van Horn. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K of the Company filed January 21, 1997.) 10.12+ -- Avalon Properties, Inc. 1993 Stock Option and Incentive Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Avalon's Annual Report to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993.) 10.13+ -- Avalon Properties, Inc. 1995 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 9, 1995.) 10.14+ -- AvalonBay Communities, Inc. 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated on April 13, 1998 and subsequently amended on July 24, 1998. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 10-Q filed November 16, 1998.) 10.15+ -- 1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan, dated June 26, 1997, as amended and restated. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Post-effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 of the Company filed June 26, 1997, File No. 333-16837.) 10.16+ -- 1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan - Plan Information Statement dated June 26, 1997. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Form S-8 of the company, File No. 333-16837.) 10.17 -- Interest Rate Swap Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.18 -- Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and certain stockholders. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.19 -- Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 15, 1995 by and between the Company and Purchaser. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K of the Company, dated September 25, 1995.) 10.20 -- Office lease dated January 4, 1995. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 10, 1995.) 57
60 10.21 -- Form of Agreement of Limited Partnership of Bay Countrybrook, L.P., by and among Bay GP, Inc., the Company and certain other defined Persons. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 8-K/A of Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. filed July 5, 1996.) 10.22 -- Agreement dated as of May 16, 1997, between the Company J.E. Butler & Associates, Inc.and AP Companies, Ltd. relating to the formation of Bay Rincon, L.P. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. filed August 14, 1997.) 10.23 -- Severance Agreement and Mutual General Release, dated July 31, 1997, between the Company and Geoffrey L. Baker. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q of Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. filed November 13, 1997.) 10.24 -- Agreement of Limited Partnership of Bay Pacific Northwest, L.P. dated as of September 12, 1997, between the Company and certain other defined Persons. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K of Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. filed October 28, 1997.) 10.25 -- Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 23, 1997, between the Company and certain defined Holders of units of limited partnership interests in Bay Pacific Northwest, L.P. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K of the Company filed October 28, 1997.) 10.26 -- Second Amended and Restated Revolving Loan Agreement dated November 21, 1997, between the Company, Union Bank of Switzerland, as Co-Agent and Bank, Union Bank of California, N.A., as Co-Agent and Bank, Union Bank of Switzerland, as Administrative Agent and the other Banks signatory thereto. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K of the Company dated December 16, 1997.) 10.27 -- Revolving Loan Agreement, dated as of June 23, 1998, between the Company and Fleet National Bank, Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York and Union Bank of Switzerland, each as co-agents. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Form 10-Q of the Company filed August 14, 1998.) 10.28 -- Contribution and Exchange Agreement dated November 7, 1997. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon Properties, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 24, 1997.) 10.29 -- Umbrella Agreement, among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company, Citibank, N.A., as collateral agent, and Financial Guaranty Insurance Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.30 -- Cash Collateral Account, Security, Pledge and Assignment Agreement among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company, Citibank, N.A., as collateral agent, and Financial Guaranty Insurance Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.31 -- Reimbursement Agreements among certain subsidiaries of the Company, Citibank, N.A., as collateral agent, and Financial Guaranty Insurance Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.32 -- Guaranty Agreements by Bay Asset Group, Inc., a subsidiary of the Company, in favor of Citibank, N.A., as collateral agent for Financial Guaranty Insurance Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.33 -- Limited Guaranty Agreements by certain subsidiaries of the Company in favor of Citibank, N.A., as collateral agent, and Financial Guaranty Insurance Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.34 -- Pledge Agreement between Bay Asset Group, Inc., a subsidiary of the Company and Citibank, N.A., as collateral agent for Financial Guaranty Insurance Company. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated May 13, 1994.) 10.35 -- Master Reimbursement Agreement between Avalon and certain Management stockholders. (Incorporated by reference to Avalon's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993.) 10.36 -- Master Reimbursement Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated August 11, 1995.) 10.37 -- ISDA Master Agreement (Interest rate swap agreement). (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated August 11, 1995.) 10.38 -- Cash Collateral Pledge, Security and Custody Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to Form 10-Q of the Company dated August 11, 1995.) 10.39 -- Indemnification Agreements between the Company and the Directors of the Company. 10.40 -- Distribution Agreement dated December 21, 1998 among the Company and the Agents, including Administrative Procedures, relating to the medium-term notes. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K of the Company filed on December 21, 1998.) 58
61 12.1 -- Statements re: Computation of Ratios. 16.1 -- Letter re: Change in certifying accountant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.2 to Form 8-K filed November 18, 1998.) 21.1 -- Schedule of Subsidiaries of the Company 23.1 -- Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP 23.2 -- Consent of Coopers & Lybrand, L.L.P. 27.1 -- Financial Data Schedule - -------------- + Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to this Form 10-K pursuant to Item 14(c) of Form 10-K. 59
62 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. <TABLE> <S> <C> AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. Date: March 18, 1999 By: /S/ GILBERT M. MEYER ------------------------------------ Gilbert M. Meyer, Executive Chairman of the Board </TABLE> Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. <TABLE> <S> <C> Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ GILBERT M. MEYER ------------------------------------ Gilbert M. Meyer, Executive Chairman of the Board, Director (Principal Executive Officer) Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ RICHARD L. MICHAUX ------------------------------------ Richard L. Michaux, Chief Executive Officer and President, Director (Principal Executive Officer) Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ THOMAS J. SARGEANT ------------------------------------ Thomas J. Sargeant, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ BRUCE A. CHOATE ------------------------------------ Bruce A. Choate, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ MICHAEL A. FUTTERMAN ------------------------------------ Michael A. Futterman, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ JOHN J. HEALY, JR. ------------------------------------ John J. Healy, Jr., Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ CHRISTOPHER B. LEINBERGER ------------------------------------ Christopher B. Leinberger, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ RICHARD W. MILLER ------------------------------------ Richard W. Miller, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ BRENDA J. MIXSON ------------------------------------ Brenda J. Mixson, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ THOMAS H. NIELSEN ------------------------------------ Thomas H. Nielsen, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ LANCE R. PRIMIS ------------------------------------ Lance R. Primis, Director Date: March 18, 1999 By: /s/ ALLAN D. SCHUSTER ------------------------------------ Allan D. Schuster, Director </TABLE> 60
63 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of AvalonBay Communities, Inc: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (a Maryland corporation, the "Company") and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial statements and the schedule referred to below are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Our audit was made for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic financial statements taken as a whole. The Schedule of Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation is presented for purposes of complying with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not a required part of the basic financial statements. This schedule has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in our audit of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole. Washington, D.C. January 18, 1999 /s/ ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP F-1
64 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (formerly Bay Apartment Communities, Inc.) and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996. These financial statements are the responsibility of the management of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. as of December 31, 1997 and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. San Francisco, California January 30, 1998 /s/ COOPERS & LYBRAND L.L.P. F-2
65 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Dollars in thousands, except share data) <TABLE> <CAPTION> ASSETS 12-31-98 12-31-97 ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> Real estate Land $ 705,989 $ 299,885 Buildings and improvements 2,585,247 839,638 Furniture, fixtures and equipment 103,396 63,631 ----------- ----------- 3,394,632 1,203,154 Less accumulated depreciation (143,135) (79,031) ----------- ----------- Net operating real estate 3,251,497 1,124,123 Construction in progress (including land) 407,870 170,361 Communities held for sale 231,492 -- ----------- ----------- Total real estate, net 3,890,859 1,294,484 Cash and cash equivalents 8,890 3,188 Cash in escrow 7,496 1,597 Resident security deposits 10,383 -- Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures 17,211 -- Deferred financing costs, net 12,376 8,174 Deferred development costs 11,768 4,155 Participating mortgage notes, prepaid expenses and other assets 71,221 6,052 ----------- ----------- TOTAL ASSETS $ 4,030,204 $ 1,317,650 =========== =========== LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Variable rate unsecured credit facility $ 329,000 $ 224,200 Unsecured senior notes 710,000 -- Notes payable 445,371 263,284 Dividends payable 43,323 12,591 Payables for construction 48,933 3,853 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 43,074 5,598 Accrued interest payable 19,415 84 Resident security deposits 19,422 6,212 ----------- ----------- TOTAL LIABILITIES 1,658,538 515,822 ----------- ----------- Minority interest in consolidated partnerships 32,213 9,133 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 and 25,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively; 0 and 2,308,800 shares of Series A outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively; 0 and 405,022 shares of Series B outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997 respectively; 2,300,000 shares of Series C outstanding at both December 31, 1998 and 1997; 3,267,700 shares of Series D outstanding at both December 31, 1998 and 1997; 4,455,000 and 0 shares of Series F outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively; 4,300,000 and 0 shares of Series G outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively; and 4,000,000 and 0 shares of Series H outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively 183 83 Common Stock, $.01 par value; 140,000,000 and 40,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively; 63,887,126 and 26,077,518 shares outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively 639 261 Additional paid-in capital 2,423,326 823,520 Deferred compensation (4,356) -- Dividends in excess of accumulated earnings (80,339) (31,169) ----------- ----------- TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 2,339,453 792,695 ----------- ----------- TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 4,030,204 $ 1,317,650 =========== =========== </TABLE> See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-3
66 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year ended ------------------------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 --------- --------- --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Revenue: Rental income $ 352,017 $ 126,375 $ 82,833 Management fees 793 -- -- Other income 74 31 5 --------- --------- --------- Total revenue 352,884 126,406 82,838 --------- --------- --------- Expenses: Operating expenses 95,980 32,434 21,391 Property taxes 29,778 9,539 6,381 Interest expense 54,003 14,113 14,276 Depreciation and amortization 78,359 27,009 18,689 General and administrative 7,674 4,106 1,823 ========= ========= ========= Total expenses 265,794 87,201 62,560 --------- --------- --------- Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures 1,525 -- -- Interest income 3,191 206 178 Minority interest in consolidated partnerships (1,342) (470) (319) --------- --------- --------- Income before gain on sale of communities and extraordinary item 90,464 38,941 20,137 Gain on sale of communities 3,970 -- -- --------- --------- --------- Income before extraordinary item 94,434 38,941 20,137 Extraordinary item -- -- (511) --------- --------- --------- Net income 94,434 38,941 19,626 Dividends attributable to preferred stock (25,874) (7,480) (4,264) --------- --------- --------- Net income available to common stockholders $ 68,560 $ 31,461 $ 15,362 ========= ========= ========= Per common share: Income before extraordinary item - basic $ 1.39 $ 1.40 $ 1.06 ========= ========= ========= Income before extraordinary item - diluted $ 1.37 $ 1.40 $ 1.06 ========= ========= ========= Extraordinary item - basic and diluted $ -- $ -- $ (0.03) ========= ========= ========= Net income - basic $ 1.39 $ 1.40 $ 1.03 ========= ========= ========= Net income - diluted $ 1.37 $ 1.40 $ 1.03 ========= ========= ========= </TABLE> See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-4
67 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Dollars in thousands, except share data) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Shares issued Amount ---------------------------- ---------------------------- Additional Preferred Common Preferred Common paid-in Stock Stock Stock Stock capital ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Balance at 12-31-95 2,308,800 11,544,287 $ 23 $ 115 $ 251,163 Net income -- -- -- -- -- Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders -- -- -- -- -- Issuance of Common Stock, net of offering costs -- 7,463,701 -- 75 174,470 Issuance of Preferred Stock, net of offering costs 405,022 -- 4 -- 9,795 Minority interest -- -- -- -- 295 =========== =========== =========== =========== =========== Balance at 12-31-96 2,713,822 19,007,988 27 190 435,723 Net income -- -- -- -- -- Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders -- -- -- -- -- Issuance of Common Stock, net of offering costs -- 7,069,530 -- 71 253,345 Issuance of Preferred Stock, net of offering costs 5,567,700 -- 56 -- 134,452 =========== =========== =========== =========== =========== Balance at 12-31-97 8,281,522 26,077,518 83 261 823,520 Net income -- -- -- -- -- Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders -- -- -- -- -- Issuance of Common Stock, net of offering costs -- 1,945,801 -- 19 64,517 Issances of Preferred Stock, net of offering costs 4,000,000 -- 40 -- 96,195 Issuance of Stock in connection with the Merger of Avalon Properties, Inc. with and into the Company 8,755,000 33,149,985 88 331 1,439,094 Conversion of Preferred Stock to Common Stock (2,713,822) 2,713,822 (28) 28 -- Amortization of deferred compensation -- -- -- -- -- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- Balance at 12-31-98 18,322,700 63,887,126 $ 183 $ 639 $ 2,423,326 =========== =========== =========== =========== =========== </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Dividends in excess of Deferred accumulated Stockholders' compensation earnings equity ------------ ------------ ------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Balance at 12-31-95 $ -- $ (13,718) $ 237,583 Net income -- 19,626 19,626 Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders -- (29,571) (29,571) Issuance of Common Stock, net of offering costs -- -- 174,545 Issuance of Preferred Stock, net of offering costs -- -- 9,799 Minority interest -- -- 295 ----------- ----------- ----------- Balance at 12-31-96 -- (23,663) 412,277 Net income -- 38,941 38,941 Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders -- (46,447) (46,447) Issuance of Common Stock, net of offering costs -- -- 253,416 Issuance of Preferred Stock, net of offering costs -- -- 134,508 ----------- ----------- ----------- Balance at 12-31-97 -- (31,169) 792,695 Net income -- 94,434 94,434 Dividends declared to common and preferred stockholders -- (143,604) (143,604) Issuance of Common Stock, net of offering costs -- -- 64,536 Issances of Preferred Stock, net of offering costs -- -- 96,235 Issuance of Stock in connection with the Merger of Avalon Properties, Inc. with and into the Company (6,221) -- 1,433,292 Conversion of Preferred Stock to Common Stock -- -- -- Amortization of deferred compensation 1,865 -- 1,865 ----------- ----------- ----------- Balance at 12-31-98 $ (4,356) $ (80,339) $ 2,339,453 =========== =========== =========== </TABLE> See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-5
68 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Dollars in thousands) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year ended ----------------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 --------- --------- --------- <S> <C> <C> <C> CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net income $ 94,434 $ 38,941 $ 19,626 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 78,359 27,009 18,689 Amortization of deferred compensation 1,865 -- -- Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures (1,525) -- -- Income allocated to minority interest in consolidated partnerships 1,342 470 319 Gain on sale of communities (3,970) -- -- Extraordinary item -- -- 511 Increase in cash in escrow (1,792) (637) (960) Increase in prepaid expenses and other assets (438) (6,677) (1,579) Increase in accrued expenses, other liabilities and accrued interest payable 22,954 3,544 2,618 --------- --------- --------- Net cash provided by operating activities 191,229 62,650 39,224 --------- --------- --------- CASH FLOWS USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures (437) -- -- Increase in construction payables 30,918 2,200 999 Distributions from equity investments 2,136 -- -- Acquisition of participating mortgage note (24,000) -- -- Proceeds from the sale of communities, net of selling costs 118,025 -- -- Merger costs and related activities (27,533) -- -- Purchase and development of real estate (718,338) (577,170) (216,999) --------- --------- --------- Net cash used in investing activities (619,229) (574,970) (216,000) --------- --------- --------- CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Issuance of common and preferred stock, net 160,771 383,972 184,251 Dividends paid (112,872) (42,795) (26,052) Proceeds from sale of unsecured senior notes 400,000 -- -- Payment of deferred financing costs (5,782) -- -- Repayments of notes payable (2,693) (1,201) (480) Borrowings under unsecured facilities 669,676 555,000 174,200 Repayments of unsecured facilities (673,876) (379,800) (155,700) Distributions to minority partners (1,522) (588) (200) --------- --------- --------- Net cash provided by financing activities 433,702 514,588 176,019 --------- --------- --------- Net increase (decrease) in cash 5,702 2,268 (757) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 3,188 920 1,677 --------- --------- --------- Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 8,890 $ 3,188 $ 920 ========= ========= ========= Cash paid during year for interest, net of amount capitalized $ 33,222 $ 14,846 $ 14,292 ========= ========= ========= </TABLE> See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. F-6
69 Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities (dollars in thousands): In connection with the merger of Avalon Properties, Inc. with and into the Company (the "Merger") in June 1998, the Company issued shares of Common and Preferred Stock valued at $1,439,513 in exchange for all of the outstanding capital stock of Avalon Properties, Inc. As a result of the Merger, the Company acquired all of the assets of Avalon Properties, Inc. and also assumed or acquired $643,410 in debt, $6,221 in deferred compensation expense, $67,073 in net other assets, $1,013 in cash and cash equivalents and minority interest of $19,409. The Company assumed debt in connection with acquisitions totaling $10,400, $39,797 and $27,868 during the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The Company issued $3,851, $6,201 and $7,270 in operating partnership units for acquisitions during 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. During the years ending December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively, 6,818, 162,330 and 3,812 operating partnership units were converted into the Company's Common Stock. During the year ended December 31, 1998, 2,308,800 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 405,022 shares of Series B Preferred Stock totaling a par value of $28 were converted into an aggregate of 2,713,822 shares of Common Stock. Dividends declared but not paid as of December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 totaled $43,323, $12,591 and $8,939, respectively. F-7
70 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies Organization and Recent Developments AvalonBay Communities, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, except as the context may otherwise require, the "Company") is a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Company focused on the ownership and operation of institutional-quality apartment communities in high barrier-to-entry markets of the United States. These markets include Northern and Southern California and selected states in the Mid-Atlantic, Northeast, Midwest and Pacific Northwest regions of the country. The Company is the surviving corporation from the merger (the "Merger") of Avalon Properties, Inc. ("Avalon") with and into the Company (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "Bay" before the Merger) on June 4, 1998. The Merger was accounted for as a purchase of Avalon by Bay. In connection with the Merger, the Company changed its name from Bay Apartment Communities, Inc. to AvalonBay Communities, Inc. At December 31, 1998, the Company owned or held an ownership interest in 127 apartment communities containing 37,911 apartment homes in sixteen states and the District of Columbia of which 13 communities containing 4,855 apartment homes were under reconstruction. The Company also owned 14 communities with 3,262 apartment homes under construction and rights to develop an additional 27 communities that will contain an estimated 7,239 apartment homes. During the period January 1, 1996 through December 31, 1997, the Company acquired 28 existing operating communities containing a total of 8,271 apartment homes from unrelated third parties for an aggregate acquisition price of approximately $651,843 (cumulative capitalized cost of $766,980 as of December 31, 1998). During the period prior to the Merger, January 1, 1998 through June 4, 1998, the Company acquired five communities containing a total of 1,388 apartment homes from unrelated third parties for an aggregate acquisition price of approximately $103,047 (cumulative capitalized cost of $110,228). The Company also acquired one community during this period which was sold prior to December 31, 1998. Subsequent to the Merger, the Company acquired three communities containing a total of 1,433 apartment homes from unrelated third parties for an aggregate acquisition price of approximately $201,800 (cumulative capitalized costs of $202,747 as of December 31, 1998). The Company also acquired a participating mortgage note for $24,000. During 1998, the Company completed development of four communities, containing 1,770 apartment homes at a total cost of $224,800. Also, eight communities were redeveloped during 1998, at a total cost of $64,300. Subsequent to the Merger, the Company disposed of nine communities, containing 2,797 apartment homes. The net proceeds from these dispositions will be directed to the development and redevelopment of communities currently under construction or reconstruction. Pending such redeployment, the proceeds from the sale of these communities (approximately $118,000 after repayment of certain secured indebtedness) were primarily used to repay amounts outstanding under the Company's unsecured credit facility. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned partnerships and subsidiaries and the operating partnerships structured as DownREITs. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. F-8
71 Real Estate Significant expenditures which improve or extend the life of the asset are capitalized. The operating real estate assets are stated at cost and consist of land, buildings and improvements, furniture, fixtures and equipment, and other costs incurred during development, redevelopment and acquisition. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The capitalization of costs during the development of assets (including interest and related loan fees, property taxes and other direct and indirect costs) begins when active development commences and ends when the asset is delivered and a final certificate of occupancy is issued. Cost capitalization during redevelopment of assets (including interest and related loan fees, property taxes and other direct and indirect costs) begins when active and substantial redevelopment at a community commences and apartment homes are taken out-of-service for redevelopment and ends when the community's redevelopment is substantially completed, and apartment homes are back in service. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include a provision for deferred development costs related to communities for which the Company's management ("Management") has concluded completion of development is not probable. Depreciation is calculated on buildings and improvements using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from seven to thirty years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are generally depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from three to seven years. Lease terms for apartment homes are generally one year or less. Rental income and operating costs incurred during the initial lease-up or post-redevelopment lease-up period are fully recognized in operations as they accrue, as such income and costs relate to apartment homes available for lease. If there is an event or change in circumstance that indicates an impairment in the value of a community has occurred, the Company's policy is to assess any impairment in value by making a comparison of the current and projected operating cash flows of the community over its remaining useful life, on an undiscounted basis, to the carrying amount of the community. If such carrying amounts are in excess of the estimated projected operating cash flows of the community, the Company would recognize an impairment loss equivalent to an amount required to adjust the carrying amount to its estimated fair market value. The Company has not recognized an impairment loss in 1998, 1997 or 1996 on any of its real estate. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Investments in real estate joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method as the Company does not control the significant operating and financial decisions of the joint ventures. The joint venture agreements require that a majority voting interest of the partners approve potential sales, liquidations, significant refinancings, as well as operating budget and capital and financing plans. Income Taxes The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for the year ended December 31, 1994 and has not revoked such election. A corporate REIT is a legal entity which holds real estate interests and, if certain conditions are met (including but not limited to the payment of a minimum level of dividends to stockholders), the payment of federal and state income taxes at the corporate level is avoided or reduced. Management believes that all such conditions for the avoidance of taxes have been met for the periods presented. Accordingly, no provision for federal and state income taxes has been made. The following summarizes the tax components to stockholders of the Company's common dividends declared for the years ending December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996: F-9
72 <TABLE> <CAPTION> % of common dividends declared for: --------------------- 1998 1997 1996 ---- ---- ---- <S> <C> <C> <C> Ordinary income 77% 100% 81% 20% rate gain 9% -- -- Unrecaptured Section 1250 gain 14% -- -- Non-taxable return of capital -- -- 19% </TABLE> All dividends declared on all series of the Company's Preferred Stock represented ordinary income to preferred stockholders for tax purposes in the year declared. Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs include fees and costs incurred to obtain debt financing and are amortized on a straight-line basis, which approximates the effective interest method, over the shorter of the term of the loan or the related credit enhancement facility, if applicable. Unamortized financing costs are written-off when debt is retired before the maturity date. Accumulated amortization related to deferred financing costs was $4,916 and $3,561 as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all cash and liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date acquired. The majority of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, and cash in escrows is held at major commercial banks. Earnings per Common Share The Company has adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128, "Earnings per Share." In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, basic earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 is computed by dividing earnings available to common shares (net income less preferred stock dividends) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Additionally, other potentially dilutive common shares are considered when calculating earnings per share on a diluted basis. The Company's basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 are as follows: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year Ended ------------------------------------ 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 ---------- ---------- ---------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic 48,845,839 22,472,394 14,985,160 Weighted average units outstanding 643,029 -- -- ---------- ---------- ---------- Weighted average common shares and units outstanding - basic 49,488,868 22,472,394 14,985,160 Shares issuable from assumed conversion of: Common stock options 418,813 -- -- Unvested restricted stock grants 239,228 -- -- ---------- ---------- ---------- Weighted average common shares and units outstanding - diluted 50,146,909 22,472,394 14,985,160 ========== ========== ========== </TABLE> F-10
73 On a weighted average basis, at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively there were 2,713,822 and 2,571,068 shares of convertible Preferred Stock, 322,093 and 261,395 Common Stock options and 228,230 and 140,987 operating partnership units that were antidilutive. Therefore, for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, there were effectively no dilutive common share equivalents outstanding. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts in prior years' financial statements to conform with current year presentations. Newly Issued Accounting Standards In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 131 "Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." SFAS No. 131 establishes standards for determining an entity's operating segments and the type and level of financial information to be disclosed. SFAS No. 131 became effective for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1998. The Company has adopted SFAS No. 131 effective with the December 31, 1998 reporting period. In March 1998, the Emerging Issues Task Force of the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Ruling 97-11 entitled "Accounting for Internal Costs Relating to Real Estate Property Acquisitions," which requires that internal costs of identifying and acquiring operating property be expensed as incurred. Costs associated with the acquisition of non-operating property may still be capitalized. The ruling is effective for acquisitions completed subsequent to March 19, 1998. At December 31, 1998, this ruling does not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This pronouncement establishes accounting and reporting standards requiring that every derivative instrument be recorded in the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. SFAS No. 133 requires that changes in the derivative's fair value be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. SFAS No. 133 is effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 1999 and cannot be applied retroactively. The Company currently plans to adopt this pronouncement effective January 1, 2000, and will determine both the method and impact of adoption prior to that date. 2. Merger between Bay and Avalon In June 1998, the Company completed the Merger with Avalon. The Merger and related transactions were accounted for using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of Avalon were adjusted to fair value for financial accounting purposes and the results of operations of Avalon prior to June 4, 1998 are not included in the results of operations of the Company. In connection with the Merger, the following related transactions occurred: The Company issued .7683 of a share of Common Stock for each outstanding share of Avalon common stock; F-11
74 The Company issued one share of Series F and G Preferred Stock for each outstanding share of Avalon Series A and B Preferred Stock, respectively. The following unaudited pro forma information has been prepared as if the Merger and related transactions had occurred on January 1, 1997. The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of what actual results would have been nor does it purport to represent the results of operations for future periods had the Merger been consummated on January 1, 1997. <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year Ended (Unaudited) --------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 ------------- ------------ <S> <C> <C> Pro forma total revenue $ 448,758 $ 297,510 ============= ============ Pro forma net income available to common stockholders $ 82,389 $ 55,815 ============= ============ Per common share: Pro forma net income-basic $ 1.29 $ 1.08 ============= ============ Pro forma net income-diluted $ 1.28 $ 1.07 ============= ============ </TABLE> 3. Interest Capitalized Capitalized interest associated with projects under development or redevelopment totaled $16,977, $6,985 and $2,567 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. 4. Notes Payable, Unsecured Senior Notes and Credit Facility The Company's notes payable, unsecured senior notes and credit facility are summarized as follows: <TABLE> <CAPTION> 12-31-98 12-31-97 ---------- ---------- <S> <C> <C> Fixed rate notes payable (conventional and tax-exempt) $ 388,106 $ 263,284 Variable rate notes payable (tax-exempt) 57,265 -- Fixed rate unsecured senior notes 710,000 -- ---------- ---------- Total notes payable and unsecured senior notes 1,155,371 263,284 Variable rate unsecured credit facility 329,000 224,200 ---------- ---------- Total notes payable, unsecured senior notes and credit facility $1,484,371 $ 487,484 ========== ========== </TABLE> Fixed and variable rate notes payable are collateralized by certain apartment communities and mature at various dates from July 1999 through December 2036. The weighted average interest rate of variable rate notes (tax-exempt) was 4.8% at December 31, 1998. The weighted average interest rate of fixed rate notes (conventional and tax-exempt) was 6.7% and 6.4% at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. F-12
75 The Company's unsecured senior notes consist of the following: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Interest Maturity Principal rate date --------- -------- -------- <S> <C> <C> $100,000 7.375% 2002 $ 50,000 6.25% 2003 $100,000 6.5% 2003 $100,000 6.625% 2005 $ 50,000 6.5% 2005 $150,000 6.8% 2006 $110,000 6.875% 2007 $ 50,000 6.625% 2008 </TABLE> The Company's unsecured senior notes contain a number of financial and other covenants with which the Company must comply, including, but not limited to, limits on the aggregate amount of total and secured indebtedness the Company may have on a consolidated basis and limits on the Company's required debt service payments. Scheduled maturities of notes payable and unsecured senior notes are as follows for the years ending December 31: <TABLE> <S> <C> 1999 $ 4,489 2000 3,766 2001 14,838 2002 104,078 2003 159,050 Thereafter 869,150 ------------ Total notes payable $ 1,155,371 ============ </TABLE> The Company has a $600,000 variable rate unsecured credit facility (the "Unsecured Facility") with Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Union Bank of Switzerland and Fleet National Bank, serving as co-agents for a syndicate of commercial banks. The Unsecured Facility bears interest at a spread over the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") based on rating levels achieved on the Company's senior unsecured notes and on a maturity selected by the Company. The current pricing is LIBOR plus .6% per annum (6.2% at December 31, 1998). The Unsecured Facility, which was put into place during June 1998, replaced three separate credit facilities previously available to the separate companies prior to the Merger. The terms of the retired facilities were similar to the Unsecured Facility. In addition, the Unsecured Facility includes a competitive bid option for up to $400,000. The Company is subject to certain customary covenants under the Unsecured Facility, including, but not limited to, maintaining certain maximum leverage ratios, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, minimum unencumbered assets and equity levels and restrictions on paying dividends in amounts that exceed 95% of the Company's Funds from Operations, as defined therein. The Unsecured Facility matures in July 2001 and has two, one-year extension options. 5. Stockholders' Equity As of December 31, 1997 the Company had authorized for issuance 40,000,000 and 25,000,000 shares of Common and Preferred Stock, respectively. In connection with the Merger, authorized Common and Preferred Stock was increased to 300,000,000 and 50,000,000 shares, respectively. In October 1998, the Company held a Special Meeting of Stockholders at which stockholders approved an amendment to the Company's charter reducing the number of authorized shares of the Company's Common Stock from 300,000,000 to 140,000,000. F-13
76 Dividends on the Series C, Series D, Series F, Series G and Series H Preferred Stock are cumulative from the date of original issue and are payable quarterly in arrears on or before the 15th day of each month as stated in the table below. None of the Series of Preferred Stock are redeemable prior to the date stated in the table below, but on or after the stated date, may be redeemed for cash at the option of the Company in whole or in part, at a redemption price of $25 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends, if any. The Series of Preferred Stock have no stated maturity and are not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemptions. In addition, the Preferred Stock are not convertible into any other securities of the Company and may be redeemed solely from proceeds of other capital stock of the Company, which may include shares of other series of preferred stock. <TABLE> <CAPTION> Shares outstanding Payable Annual Liquidation Non-redeemable Series December 31, 1998 quarterly rate preference prior to - ------------ ----------------------- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ---------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> C 2,300,000 March, June, September, 8.50% $25 June 20, 2002 December D 3,267,700 March, June, September, 8.00% $25 December 15, 2002 December F 4,455,000 February, May, August, 9.00% $25 February 15, 2001 November G 4,300,000 February, May, August, 8.96% $25 October 15, 2001 November H 4,000,000 March, June, September, 8.70% $25 October 15, 2008 December </TABLE> The Company also has 1,000,000 shares of Series E Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock authorized for issuance pursuant to the Company's Shareholder Rights Agreement. As of December 31, 1998, there were no shares of Series E Preferred Stock outstanding. During April 1998, the Company completed an offering of Common Stock totaling 1,244,147 shares. The net proceeds of approximately $44,000 were used to retire indebtedness under the Company's then-existing unsecured revolving credit facility. During 1997, the Company completed five offerings of Common Stock totaling 6,733,187 shares. The net proceeds of approximately $244,340 were used to retire indebtedness under the Company's then-existing unsecured revolving credit facility. 6. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures In connection with the Merger, the Company succeeded to certain investments in unconsolidated joint ventures. At December 31, 1998, these investments consisted of a 50% general partnership interest in Falkland Partners, a 49% equity interest in Avalon Run and a 50% partnership interest in Avalon Grove. F-14
77 The following is a combined summary of the financial position of these joint ventures as of the dates presented (which includes the period prior to the Merger): <TABLE> <CAPTION> Unaudited ------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 -------- -------- <S> <C> <C> Assets: Real estate, net $ 96,419 $ 97,964 Other assets 4,532 10,790 -------- -------- Total assets $100,951 $108,754 ======== ======== Liabilities and partners' equity: Mortgage notes payable $ 26,000 $ 26,000 Other liabilities 4,933 4,164 Partners' equity 70,018 78,590 -------- -------- Total liabilities and partners' equity $100,951 $108,754 ======== ======== </TABLE> The following is a combined summary of the results of operations of these joint ventures for the periods presented (which includes the periods prior to the Merger): <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year ended (Unaudited) -------------------------------- 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 -------- -------- -------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Summary of operations: Rental income $ 19,799 $ 16,497 $ 10,238 Other income 26 44 58 Operating expenses (5,591) (5,020) (4,238) Mortgage interest expense (833) (893) (849) Depreciation and amortization (3,044) (1,869) (1,779) -------- -------- -------- Net income $ 10,357 $ 8,759 $ 3,430 ======== ======== ======== </TABLE> 7. Communities Held for Sale During 1998, the Company completed a strategic planning effort resulting in a decision to pursue a disposition strategy for certain assets in markets that did not meet its long-term strategic direction. In connection with this decision, the Company's Board of Directors authorized Management to pursue the disposition of selected communities within specific markets. The Company will solicit competing bids from unrelated parties for these individual assets, and will consider the sales price and tax ramifications of each proposal. Management anticipates these assets will be sold during 1999. However, there can be no assurance that such assets can be sold on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Several of the communities authorized for disposition were sold in 1998. F-15
78 The communities sold in 1998 and the respective sales price and net proceeds are summarized below: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Period Apartment Gross sales Net Communities Location disposed homes Debt price proceeds - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Arbor Park Upland, CA 3Q98 260 $ -- $ 12,580 $ 12,540 Avalon Pointe Stafford, VA 4Q98 140 6,380 9,450 2,920 Avalon Ridge Silver Spring, MD 4Q98 432 26,815 35,210 7,700 Chase Lea Owings Mill, MD 4Q98 296 16,835 21,840 4,500 Avalon at Carter Lake Reston, VA 4Q98 259 -- 16,800 16,560 Reflections Fresno, CA 4Q98 516 -- 22,420 21,980 Sommerset Vacaville, CA 4Q98 136 -- 7,900 7,700 -------- -------- -------- -------- 2,039 $ 50,030 $126,200 $ 73,900 ======== ======== ======== ======== </TABLE> To facilitate the sale of Sommerset, the Company provided short-term financing to the purchaser for 80% of the gross sales price. Accordingly, $6,320 of the net proceeds will be received at maturity of this financing. The assets targeted for sale include land, buildings and improvements and furniture, fixtures and equipment, and are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. The Company recognized no write down in its real estate to arrive at net realizable value. At December 31, 1998, total real estate, net of accumulated depreciation, subject to sale totaled $231,492. Certain individual assets are secured by mortgage indebtedness which may be assumed by the purchaser or repaid by the Company from the net sales proceeds. The Company's consolidated statements of operations includes net income of the communities held for sale of $3,916, $1,633 and $1,301 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Depreciation expense on these assets, which was not recognized subsequent to the date of held-for-sale classification, totaled $1,332. In connection with an agreement executed by Avalon in March 1998 which provided for the buyout of certain limited partners in DownREIT V Limited Partnership, the Company sold two communities in July 1998. Net proceeds from the sale of the two communities, containing an aggregate of 758 apartment homes, were approximately $44,000. 8. Commitments and Contingencies Employment Agreements The Company entered into three year employment agreements with nine executives and a one year employment agreement with one executive, all of which became effective as of June 4, 1998, the date of the Merger. With the exception of the one year agreement, the employment agreements provide for one-year automatic renewal after the third year unless an advance notice of non-renewal is provided by either party. Upon a change in control, the agreements provide for an automatic extension of three years. The employment agreements provide for base salary and incentive compensation in the form of cash awards, stock options and stock grants subject to the discretion of, and attainment of performance goals established by, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Each of the three year employment agreements also provides for base salary increases during the initial term in amounts determined by the Compensation Committee. During any renewal term base salary increases will be equal to the greater of 5% of the prior year's base salary, a factor based on increases in the consumer price index, or an amount determined at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Certain of these employment agreements were terminated in accordance with the Company's announced organizational changes. See Footnote 13, Subsequent Events, for further information. F-16
79 Presale Commitments The Company occasionally enters into forward purchase commitments with unrelated third parties which allow the Company to purchase communities upon completion of construction. As of December 31, 1998, the Company has an agreement to purchase ten communities with an estimated 2,980 homes for an estimated aggregate purchase price of $386,500. The acquisition of one of these communities is expected to close in the third quarter of 1999, and the acquisition of the remaining communities are expected to close in 2000, 2001 and 2002. However, there can be no assurance that such acquisitions will be consummated or, if consummated on the schedule currently contemplated. As of December 31, 1998, the Company had provided interim construction financing of $67,129 for these communities. Contingencies The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. These matters are generally covered by insurance. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, Management believes that the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations of the Company. 9. Value of Financial Instruments The Company has historically used interest rate swap agreements (the "Swap Agreements") to reduce the impact of interest rate fluctuations on its variable rate tax-exempt bonds. The Swap Agreements are held for purposes other than trading. The amortization of the cost of the Swap Agreements is included in amortization expense. The remaining unamortized cost of the Swap Agreements is included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the balance sheet and is amortized over the remaining life of the agreements. As of December 31, 1998, the effect of these Swap Agreements is to fix $202,283 of the Company's tax-exempt debt at an average interest rate of 6.1% with an average maturity of 8 years. The off-balance-sheet risk in these contracts includes the risk of a counterparty not performing under the terms of the contract. The counterparties to these contracts are major financial institutions with AAA credit ratings by the Standard & Poor's Ratings Group. The Company monitors the credit ratings of counterparties and the amount of the Company's debt subject to swap agreements with any one party. Therefore, the Company believes the likelihood of realizing material losses from counterparty nonperformance is remote. The Company has not entered into any interest rate hedge agreements or treasury locks for its conventional unsecured debt. Cash and cash equivalent balances are held with various financial institutions and may at times exceed the applicable Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limit. The Company monitors credit ratings of these financial institutions and the concentration of cash and cash equivalent balances with any one financial institution and believes the likelihood of realizing material losses from the excess of cash and cash equivalent balances over insurance limits is remote. The following estimated fair values of financial instruments were determined by Management using available market information and established valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flows. Accordingly, the estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. - - Cash equivalents, rents receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and other liabilities are carried at their face amounts, which reasonably approximate their fair values. F-17
80 - - The Company's unsecured credit facility with an aggregate carrying value of $329,000 and $224,200 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively approximates fair value. - - Bond indebtedness and notes payable with an aggregate carrying value of $1,155,371 and $263,284 had an estimated aggregate fair value of $1,137,411 and $291,293 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. 10. Segment Reporting The Company adopted SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," during 1998. SFAS No. 131 established standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about operating segments in annual financial statements. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company's chief operating decision making group consists primarily of the Company's senior officers. The Company's reportable operating segments include Stable Communities, Developed Communities and Redeveloped Communities. Furthermore, each of these operating segments are measured within either the West Coast geographic area (consisting of the Northern California, Southern California and Pacific Northwest regions) or the East Coast geographic area (consisting of the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic and Midwest regions): - - Stable Communities are communities that 1) have attained stabilized occupancy levels (95% occupancy) and operating costs since the beginning of the prior calendar year (these communities are also known as Established Communities; or 2) were acquired subsequent to the beginning of the previous calendar year but were stabilized in terms of occupancy levels and operating costs at the time of acquisition, and remained stabilized throughout the end of the current calendar year. Stable Communities do not include communities where planned redevelopment or development activities have not yet commenced. The primary financial measure for this business segment is Net Operating Income ("NOI"), which represents total revenue less operating expenses and property taxes. With respect to Established Communities, an additional financial measure of performance is NOI for the current year as compared against the prior year and against current year budgeted NOI. With respect to other Stable Communities, performance is primarily based on reviewing growth in NOI for the current period as compared against prior periods within the calendar year and against current year budgeted NOI. - - Developed Communities are communities that were under active development during any portion of the preceding calendar year that attained stabilized occupancy and expense levels during the current calendar year of presentation. The primary financial measure for this business segment is Operating Yield (defined as NOI divided by total capitalized costs). Performance of Developed Communities is based on comparing Operating Yields against projected yields as determined by Management prior to undertaking the development activity. - - Redeveloped Communities are communities that were under active redevelopment during any portion of the preceding calendar year that attained stabilized occupancy and expense levels during the current calendar year of presentation. The primary financial measure for this business segment is Operating Yield. Performance for Redeveloped Communities is based on comparing Operating Yields against projected yields as estimated by Management prior to undertaking the redevelopment activity. Other communities owned by the Company which are not included in the above segments are communities that were under development or redevelopment or lease-up at any point in time during the applicable calendar year. The primary performance measure for these assets depends on the stage of development or redevelopment of the community. While under development or redevelopment, Management monitors actual construction costs against budgeted costs as well as economic occupancy. While under lease-up, the primary performance measures for these assets are projected Operating Yield as defined above, lease-up pace compared to budget and rent levels compared to budget. F-18
81 The segments are classified based on the individual community's status as of the end of the given year. Therefore, each year the composition of communities within each business segment is adjusted. Accordingly, the amounts between years are not directly comparable. The accounting policies applicable to the operating segments described above are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. F-19
82 <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year ended ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12/31/98 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Stable Developed Redeveloped Communities Communities Communities Other Total ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> WEST COAST SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 77,924 $ 5,454 $ 24,107 $ 91,795 $ 199,280 Net Operating Income $ 57,551 $ 4,165 $ 16,949 $ 59,131 $ 137,796 Previous gross real estate $ 491,859 $ -- $ 17,797 $ 860,427 $ 1,370,083 Current year expenditures and acquisitions 2,903 55 2,430 350,782 356,170 Transfers 10,946 29,452 159,648 (200,046) -- Sales (26,947) -- -- -- (26,947) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 478,761 $ 29,507 $ 179,875 $ 1,011,163 $ 1,699,306 ========================================================================================= Operating Yield (1) 12.0% 14.1% 9.4% EAST COAST SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 136,156 $ -- $ -- $ 16,037 $ 152,193 Net Operating Income $ 92,689 $ -- $ -- $ 10,647 $ 103,336 Previous gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Current year expenditures and acquisitions 1,950,918 -- -- 279,988 2,230,906 Transfers -- -- -- -- -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 1,950,918 $ -- $ -- $ 279,988 $ 2,230,906 ========================================================================================= Operating Yield (2) 10.2% -- -- TOTAL, ALL SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 214,080 $ 5,454 $ 24,107 $ 107,832 $ 351,473 Net Operating Income $ 150,240 $ 4,165 $ 16,949 $ 69,778 $ 241,132 Previous gross real estate $ 491,859 $ -- $ 17,797 $ 860,427 $ 1,370,083 Current year expenditures and acquisitions 1,953,821 55 2,430 630,770 2,587,076 Transfers 10,946 29,452 159,648 (200,046) -- Sales (26,947) -- -- -- (26,947) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 2,429,679 $ 29,507 $ 179,875 $ 1,291,151 $ 3,930,212 ========================================================================================= Operating Yield (2) 10.6% 14.1% 9.4% NON-ALLOCATED OPERATIONS Total revenue $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 1,411 $ 1,411 Net Operating Income $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 1,238 $ 1,238 Gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 112,469 $ 112,469 TOTAL, AVALONBAY Total revenue $ 214,080 $ 5,454 $ 24,107 $ 109,243 $ 352,884 Net Operating Income $ 150,240 $ 4,165 $ 16,949 $ 71,016 $ 242,370 Gross real estate $ 2,429,679 $ 29,507 $ 179,875 $ 1,403,620 $ 4,042,681 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year ended ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12/31/97 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Stable Developed Redeveloped Communities Communities Communities Other Total ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> WEST COAST SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 75,547 $ -- $ 2,926 $ 47,749 $ 126,222 Net Operating Income $ 54,155 $ -- $ 2,210 $ 31,797 $ 88,162 Previous gross real estate $ 416,233 $ 72,723 $ -- $ 258,934 $ 747,890 Current year expenditures and acquisitions 2,903 -- 23 619,267 622,193 Transfers 72,723 (72,723) 17,774 (17,774) -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 491,859 $ -- $ 17,797 $ 860,427 $ 1,370,083 ======================================================================================== Operating Yield (1) 11.0% -- 12.4% EAST COAST SEGMENTS Total revenue $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Net Operating Income $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Previous gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Current year expenditures and acquisitions -- -- -- -- -- Transfers -- -- -- -- -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- ======================================================================================== Operating Yield (2) -- -- -- TOTAL, ALL SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 75,547 $ -- $ 2,926 $ 47,749 $ 126,222 Net Operating Income $ 54,155 $ -- $ 2,210 $ 31,797 $ 88,162 Previous gross real estate $ 416,233 $ 72,723 $ -- $ 258,934 $ 747,890 Current year expenditures and acquisitions 2,903 -- 23 619,267 622,193 Transfers 72,723 (72,723) 17,774 (17,774) -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 491,859 $ -- $ 17,797 $ 860,427 $ 1,370,083 ======================================================================================== Operating Yield (2) 11.0% -- 12.4% NON-ALLOCATED OPERATIONS Total revenue $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 184 $ 184 Net Operating Income $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 184 $ 184 Gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 3,432 $ 3,432 TOTAL, AVALONBAY Total revenue $ 75,547 $ -- $ 2,926 $ 47,933 $ 126,406 Net Operating Income $ 54,155 $ -- $ 2,210 $ 31,981 $ 88,346 Gross real estate $ 491,859 $ -- $ 17,797 $ 863,859 $ 1,373,515 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Year ended ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12/31/96 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Stable Developed Redeveloped Communities Communities Communities Other Total ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> WEST COAST SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 57,717 $ 9,836 $ -- $ 15,280 $ 82,833 Net Operating Income $ 39,638 $ 7,791 $ -- $ 9,964 $ 57,393 Previous gross real estate $ 386,614 $ -- $ -- $ 110,477 $ 497,091 Current year expenditures and acquisitions 29,619 353 -- 220,827 250,799 Transfers -- 72,370 -- (72,370) -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 416,233 $ 72,723 $ -- $ 258,934 $ 747,890 ============================================================================= Operating Yield (1) 9.9% 10.7% -- EAST COAST SEGMENTS Total revenue $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Net Operating Income $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Previous gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- Current year expenditures and acquisitions -- -- -- -- -- Transfers -- -- -- -- -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- ============================================================================= Operating Yield (2) -- -- -- TOTAL, ALL SEGMENTS Total revenue $ 57,717 $ 9,836 $ -- $ 15,280 $ 82,833 Net Operating Income $ 39,638 $ 7,791 $ -- $ 9,964 $ 57,393 Previous gross real estate $ 386,614 $ -- $ -- $ 110,477 $ 497,091 Current year expenditures and acquisitions 29,619 353 -- 220,827 250,799 Transfers -- 72,370 -- (72,370) -- Sales -- -- -- -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Current gross real estate $ 416,233 $ 72,723 $ -- $ 258,934 $ 747,890 ============================================================================= Operating Yield (2) 9.9% 10.7% -- NON-ALLOCATED OPERATIONS Total revenue $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 5 $ 5 Net Operating Income $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 5 $ 5 Gross real estate $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 2,457 $ 2,457 TOTAL, AVALONBAY Total revenue $ 57,717 $ 9,836 $ -- $ 15,285 $ 82,838 Net Operating Income $ 39,638 $ 7,791 $ -- $ 9,969 $ 57,398 Gross real estate $ 416,233 $ 72,723 $ -- $ 261,391 $ 750,347 </TABLE> (1) Operating Yield calculations are based on annualized NOI for acquisitions during respective years. (2) Operating Yield calculations are based on a) annualized NOI for mid-year acquisitions and b) adjusted gross real estate to exclude step-up adjustments recorded in connection with the Merger. F-20
83 Operating expenses as reflected on the Consolidated Statement of Operations include $15,244, $3,913 and $2,332 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively, of property management overhead costs that are not allocated to individual communities. These costs are not reflected in Net Operating Income as shown in the above tables. Communities held for sale as reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is net of $8,687 of accumulated depreciation as of December 31, 1998. In June 1998, the Company completed the Merger with Avalon. The Merger and related transactions were accounted for using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, the results of operations of the Avalon communities prior to June 4, 1998 are not included in the results of operations of the Company. Avalon communities are included in Established Communities for Management's decision making purposes although the results of operations prior to the Merger are not included in the Company's historical operating results determined in accordance with GAAP. For comparative purposes, the 1998, 1997 and 1996 operating information for East Coast segments are presented on the following page on a pro forma basis (unaudited) assuming the Merger had occurred as of January 1, 1996. F-21
84 <TABLE> <CAPTION> Stable Developed Redeveloped Communities Communities Communities Other Total ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> FOR THE YEAR ENDED 12-31-98 Total revenue $ 173,738 $ 41,406 $ -- $ 31,944 $ 247,088 Net Operating Income $ 114,997 $ 31,736 $ -- $ 21,250 $ 167,983 Previous gross real estate $ 1,043,662 $ 67,119 $ -- $ 402,515 $ 1,513,296 Current year expenditures, acquisitions and step-up adjustments 561,331 21,363 -- 178,640 761,334 Transfers 67,119 196,193 -- (263,312) -- Sales (43,725) -- -- -- (43,725) ----------- ----------- ---- ----------- ----------- Current gross real estate $ 1,628,387 $ 284,675 $ -- $ 317,843 $ 2,230,905 =========== =========== ==== =========== =========== Operating Yield (1) 9.7% 11.4% -- FOR THE YEAR ENDED 12-31-97 Total revenue $ 129,149 $ 10,661 $ -- $ 30,102 $ 169,912 Net Operating Income $ 86,005 $ 7,482 $ -- $ 26,704 $ 120,191 Previous gross real estate $ 723,863 $ 12,294 $ -- $ 342,283 $ 1,078,440 Current year expenditures, acquisitions and step-up adjustments 324,837 1,005 -- 126,346 452,188 Transfers 12,294 53,820 -- (66,114) -- Sales (17,332) -- -- -- (17,332) ----------- ----------- ---- ----------- ----------- Current gross real estate $ 1,043,662 $ 67,119 $ -- $ 402,515 $ 1,513,296 =========== =========== ==== =========== =========== Operating Yield (1) 10.2% 11.1% -- FOR THE YEAR ENDED 12-31-96 Total revenue $ 105,723 $ 2,104 $ -- $ 15,793 $ 123,620 Net Operating Income $ 69,995 $ 1,488 $ -- $ 10,584 $ 82,067 Previous gross real estate $ 590,682 $ 38,097 $ -- $ 152,276 $ 781,055 Current year expenditures, acquisitions and step-up adjustments 110,559 277 -- 202,024 312,860 Transfers 38,097 (26,080) -- (12,017) -- Sales (15,475) -- -- -- (15,475) ----------- ----------- ---- ----------- ----------- Current gross real estate $ 723,863 $ 12,294 $ -- $ 342,283 $ 1,078,440 =========== =========== ==== =========== =========== Operating Yield (1) 10.6% 12.1% -- </TABLE> (1) Operating Yield calculations are based on a) annualized NOI for acquisitions during respective years and b) adjusted gross real estate in 1998 to exclude step-up adjustments recorded in connection with the Merger. 11. Stock-Based Compensation Plans The Company has adopted the 1994 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan") as amended and restated on April 13, 1998 and subsequently amended on July 24, 1998, for the purpose of encouraging and enabling the Company's officers, associates and directors to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company. Individuals who are eligible to participate in the Plan include officers, other associates, outside directors and other key persons of the Company and its subsidiaries who are responsible for or contribute to the management, growth or profitability of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Plan authorizes (i) the grant of stock options that qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code, (ii) the grant of stock options that do not so qualify, (iii) grants of shares of F-22
85 restricted and unrestricted Common Stock, (iv) grants of deferred stock awards, (v) performance share awards entitling the recipient to acquire shares of Common Stock and (vi) dividend equivalent rights. Under the Plan, a maximum of 2,500,000 shares of Common Stock, plus 9.9% of any net increase in the total number of shares of Common Stock actually outstanding from time to time after April 13, 1998, may be issued. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the maximum number of shares of stock for which Incentive Stock Options may be issued under the Plan shall not exceed 2,500,000 and no awards shall be granted under the Plan after April 13, 2008. For purposes of this limitation shares of Common Stock which are forfeited, canceled, reacquired by the Company, satisfied without the issuance of Common Stock or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) shall be added back to the shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan. Stock Options with respect to no more than 300,000 shares of stock may be granted to any one individual participant during any one calendar year period. Options granted to officers and employees under the Plan vest over periods determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and expire ten years from the date of grant. Options granted to non-employee directors under the Plan are subject to accelerated vesting under certain limited circumstances and become exercisable on the first anniversary of the date of grant and expire ten years from the date of grant. Restricted stock granted to officers and employees under the Plan generally has a vesting period of at least three years, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Restricted stock granted to non-employee directors vests 20% on the date of issuance and 20% on each of the first four anniversaries of the date of issuance. Information with respect to stock options granted under the Plan is as follows: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Per Share ---------- -------------- <S> <C> <C> Options outstanding, December 31, 1995 563,750 $ 19.66 Exercised (37,475) 19.86 Granted 229,100 26.23 Forfeited (32,500) 20.43 ---------- --------- Options outstanding, December 31, 1996 722,875 $ 21.70 Exercised (26,251) 21.13 Granted 394,100 36.35 Forfeited (20,350) 26.43 ---------- --------- Options outstanding, December 31, 1997 1,070,374 $ 27.02 Exercised (164,924) 21.71 Granted 1,225,132 36.81 Forfeited (244,500) 35.25 ---------- --------- Options outstanding, December 31, 1998 1,886,082 $ 32.74 ========== ========= Options exercisable: December 31, 1996 189,426 $ 19.76 ========== ========= December 31, 1997 343,974 $ 20.91 ========== ========= December 31, 1998 656,925 $ 27.26 ========== ========= </TABLE> F-23
86 The following table summarizes information concerning currently outstanding and exercisable options: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Options Outstanding Options Exercisable - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------- Number Outstanding Weighted Average Weighted Weighted as of Remaining Average Number Average Exercise Price December 31, 1998 Contractual Life Exercise Price Exercisable Exercise Price - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> $ 18.38 60,000 6.25 $ 18.38 45,000 $ 18.38 19.25 9,000 6.36 19.25 9,000 19.25 19.63 46,000 6.55 19.63 37,750 19.63 20.00 112,450 5.19 20.00 112,450 20.00 20.00 100,000 6.86 20.00 75,000 20.00 20.50 9,000 5.27 20.50 9,000 20.50 23.38 40,000 7.07 23.38 20,000 23.38 25.38 20,000 7.33 25.38 20,000 25.38 25.38 25,000 7.47 25.38 12,500 25.38 27.75 80,000 7.66 27.75 65,000 27.75 33.75 16,000 9.97 33.75 -- -- 34.38 40,000 8.38 34.38 40,000 34.38 36.13 12,500 8.29 36.13 12,500 36.13 36.13 90,000 9.45 36.13 -- -- 36.31 53,800 9.43 36.31 -- -- 36.31 361,500 9.43 36.31 -- -- 36.31 127,500 9.43 36.31 -- -- 36.31 15,000 9.43 36.31 -- -- 36.63 223,100 8.07 36.63 181,850 36.63 36.63 37,000 9.56 36.63 -- -- 37.00 140,000 9.19 37.00 -- -- 37.94 210,000 9.08 37.94 10,000 37.94 38.81 20,000 8.84 38.81 5,000 38.81 39.63 7,500 8.73 39.63 1,875 39.63 39.83 30,732 9.42 39.83 -- -- ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= 1,886,082 8.41 $ 32.74 656,925 $ 27.26 ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= </TABLE> Options to purchase 4,488,189, 348,400 and 786,125 shares of Common Stock were available for grant under the Plan at December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Before the Merger, Avalon had adopted its 1995 Equity Incentive Plan (the "1995 Incentive Plan"). The 1995 Incentive Plan authorized the grant of (i) stock options that qualified as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code, (ii) stock options that did not so qualify, (iii) shares of restricted and unrestricted common stock, (iv) shares of unrestricted common stock and (v) dividend equivalent rights. Under the 1995 Incentive Plan, a maximum number of 3,315,054 shares of common stock were issuable, plus any shares of common stock represented by awards under Avalon's 1993 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the "1993 Plan") that were forfeited, canceled, reacquired by Avalon, satisfied without the issuance of common stock or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise). Options granted to officers, non-employee directors and associates under the 1995 Incentive Plan generally vested over a three-year term, expired ten years from the date of grant and were exercisable at the market price on the date of grant. The 1995 Incentive Plan was not terminated as a result of the Merger, but options are no longer being granted under the 1995 Incentive Plan. In connection with the Merger, the exercise prices of options under the 1995 Incentive Plan were adjusted to reflect the conversion ratio of Avalon common stock into Bay Common Stock. Officers, non-employee directors and associates with 1995 Incentive Plan options may exercise their options for the Company's Common Stock at the revalued exercise price. F-24
87 Information with respect to stock options granted under the 1995 Incentive Plan and the 1993 Plan is as follows: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Per Share ---------- -------------- <S> <C> <C> Options outstanding, June 4, 1998 2,127,446 $ 34.00 Exercised (34,177) 26.84 Granted -- -- Forfeited (41,015) 38.00 ---------- --------- Options outstanding, December 31, 1998 2,052,254 $ 34.05 ========== ========= Options exercisable: December 31, 1998 1,014,530 $ 30.26 ========== ========= </TABLE> The following table summarizes information concerning currently outstanding and exercisable options under the 1995 Incentive Plan and the 1993 Plan: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Options Outstanding Options Exercisable ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------- Number Outstanding Weighted Average Weighted Weighted as of Remaining Average Number Average Exercise Price December 31, 1998 Contractual Life Exercise Price Exercisable Exercise Price -------------- ------------------ ---------------- -------------- ----------- -------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> $ 26.19 23,049 6.37 $ 26.19 23,049 $ 26.19 26.68 573,598 4.86 26.68 573,598 26.68 26.68 11,524 4.86 26.68 11,524 26.68 27.33 35,407 6.35 27.33 35,407 27.33 27.33 2,305 7.04 27.33 1,537 27.33 27.33 1,152 8.96 27.33 384 27.33 28.15 26,330 7.48 28.15 17,554 28.15 28.31 23,049 7.37 28.31 23,049 28.31 30.10 6,915 5.37 30.10 6,915 30.10 30.26 7,683 7.69 30.26 5,122 30.26 34.98 9,604 7.96 34.98 6,403 34.98 35.31 30,732 8.36 35.31 30,732 35.31 36.12 1,921 9.19 36.12 -- -- 36.44 1,921 8.68 36.44 640 36.44 36.61 64,665 9.41 36.61 -- -- 36.69 1,921 9.32 36.69 -- -- 37.10 1,921 8.73 37.10 640 37.10 37.18 5,762 9.37 37.18 -- -- 37.26 384 9.27 37.26 -- -- 37.58 355,000 9.19 37.58 -- -- 37.66 45,714 8.87 37.66 15,223 37.66 38.15 782,898 8.83 38.15 260,705 38.15 38.72 768 8.86 38.72 256 38.72 39.29 3,457 8.96 39.29 1,152 39.29 39.70 1,921 8.80 39.70 640 39.70 39.86 32,653 9.01 39.86 -- -- --------- ---- --------- --------- --------- 2,052,254 7.65 $ 34.05 1,014,530 $ 30.26 ========= ==== ========= ========= ========= </TABLE> F-25
88 The Company applies Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and related interpretations in accounting for its Plans. Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recognized for the stock option portion of the stock-based compensation plan. Had compensation expense for the Company's stock option plan been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards under the Plan consistent with the methodology prescribed under SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," the Company's net income and earnings per share would have been reduced to the following pro forma amounts (unaudited): <TABLE> <CAPTION> Pro Forma ------------------------------------------ Year ended Year ended Year ended 12-31-98 12-31-97 12-31-96 ---------- ---------- ---------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Income before extraordinary items $ 67,043 $ 30,541 $ 15,548 ========== ========== ========== Net income available to common stockholders $ 67,043 $ 30,541 $ 15,037 ========== ========== ========== Income before extraordinary items per common share - basic $ 1.35 $ 1.36 $ 1.04 ========== ========== ========== Income before extraordinary items per common share - diluted $ 1.34 $ 1.36 $ 1.04 ========== ========== ========== Net income per share - basic $ 1.35 $ 1.36 $ 1.00 ========== ========== ========== Net income per share - diluted $ 1.34 $ 1.36 $ 1.00 ========== ========== ========== </TABLE> The fair value of the options granted during 1998 is estimated at $3.67 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield of 5.96%, volatility of 16.77%, risk free interest rates of 5.55%, actual forfeitures, and an expected life of approximately 4 years. The fair value of the options granted during 1997 is estimated at $5.48 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield of 4.44%, volatility of 18.30%, risk free interest rates of 6.34%, actual forfeitures, and an expected life of approximately 4 years. The fair value of the options granted during 1996 is estimated at $3.17 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield of 6.50%, volatility of 20.18%, risk free interest rates of 6.17%, actual forfeitures, and an expected life of approximately 4 years. The Company has adopted the 1996 Non-Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended and restated (the "1996 ESP Plan"). The primary purpose of the 1996 ESP Plan is to encourage Common Stock ownership by eligible directors and associates (the "Participants") in the belief that such ownership will increase each Participant's interest in the success of the Company. The 1996 ESP Plan provides for two purchase periods per year. A purchase period is a six month period beginning each January 1 and July 1 and ending each June 30 and December 31, respectively. Participants may contribute portions of their compensation during a purchase period and purchase Common Stock at the end thereof. One million shares of Common Stock are reserved for issuance under the 1996 ESP Plan. Participation in the 1996 ESP Plan entitles each Participant to purchase Common Stock at a price which is equal to the lesser of 85% of the closing price for a share of stock on the first day of such purchase period or 85% of the closing price on the last day of such purchase period. The Company issued 23,396 and 13,863 shares under the 1996 ESP Plan as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. No shares were issued under the 1996 ESP Plan as of December 31, 1996. F-26
89 12. Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) The following summary represents the quarterly results of operations for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Three months ended --------------------------------------------------------------- 1998 March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 - ---- ---------- ---------- ------------ ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Total revenue $ 45,330 $ 69,948 $ 118,064 $ 119,542 Net income available to common stockholders $ 8,950 $ 13,748 $ 23,771 $ 22,091 Net income per common share - basic $ 0.34 $ 0.35 $ 0.37 $ 0.34 Net income per common share - diluted $ 0.34 $ 0.34 $ 0.37 $ 0.34 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Three months ended --------------------------------------------------------------- 1997 March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 - ---- ---------- ---------- ------------ ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Total revenue $ 26,283 $ 29,874 $ 32,860 $ 37,389 Net income available to common stockholders $ 6,625 $ 7,184 $ 8,257 $ 9,396 Net income per common share - basic $ 0.33 $ 0.33 $ 0.36 $ 0.37 Net income per common share - diluted $ 0.33 $ 0.33 $ 0.36 $ 0.37 </TABLE> The sum of the quarterly net income per common share, basic and diluted, for 1998 and 1997, and the net income available to common stockholders for 1997 are not equal to the full year amounts primarily because the computations for each quarter and the full year are made independently. 13. Subsequent Events (Unaudited) In January 1999, the Company issued $125,000 of medium-term notes. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15; and the notes will mature on February 15, 2004. The notes bear interest at 6.58%. The net proceeds of approximately $124,300 to the Company were used to repay amounts outstanding under the Company's Unsecured Facility. In February 1999, the Company announced certain management changes. The Company expects to record a non-recurring charge in the first quarter of 1999 relating to this management realignment including severance costs and certain related organizational adjustments. Because a complete plan of management realignment was not in existence on June 4, 1998, the date of the Company's merger with Avalon, this charge is not considered a part of the Company's purchase price for Avalon and, accordingly, the expenses associated with the management realignment will be treated as a non-recurring charge. Management and the terminated officers are currently determining the amount of severance that each terminated officer is entitled to receive pursuant to their employment agreements and the valuations, if any, that must be performed pursuant to the terms of their employment agreements. Management is also completing an evaluation of the additional charge related to the other organizational changes. However, management currently estimates that the non-recurring charge that will be incurred in connection with these organizational adjustments, including severance payments and contract termination costs, costs to relocate accounting functions and office space reductions, will be approximately $16 million. No assurance can be given as to the amount of such non-recurring charge which could be greater or less than the estimate provided. F-27
90 SCHEDULE III AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION December 31, 1998 (Dollars in thousands) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Initial Cost Total Cost -------------------------- ---------------------------------------- Building/ Costs Building/ Construction Subsequent Construction in Progress & to Acquisition/ in Progress & Land Improvements Construction Land Improvements Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Current Communities - ------------------- Waterford 6,785 27,567 8,071 8,116 34,307 42,423 Hampton Place 7,427 29,313 (338) 7,427 28,975 36,402 Hacienda Gardens 6,991 27,197 1,144 6,991 28,341 35,332 Amador Oaks 6,848 16,361 1,860 6,848 18,221 25,069 Willow Creek 2,098 9,901 6,187 3,131 15,055 18,186 Alicante 2,540 13,458 100 2,542 13,556 16,098 Barrington Hills 3,046 12,451 301 3,046 12,752 15,798 Parc Centre 2,716 8,696 3,200 2,716 11,896 14,612 Rivershore 3,152 10,147 1,245 3,152 11,392 14,544 Governor's Square 7,053 17,645 2,127 7,053 19,772 26,825 The Pointe 3,058 15,006 603 3,057 15,610 18,667 Blairmore 1,983 7,589 1,150 1,983 8,739 10,722 Crown Ridge 3,494 21,376 5,580 3,494 26,956 30,450 Sunset Towers 3,561 20,796 3,550 3,561 24,346 27,907 City Heights 2,389 13,393 1,317 2,389 14,710 17,099 Village Square 3,827 8,925 444 3,827 9,369 13,196 Crossbrook 3,280 9,691 (503) 3,280 9,188 12,468 Cedar Ridge 4,230 9,658 11,566 4,230 21,224 25,454 Regatta Bay 4,182 16,305 3,993 4,182 20,298 24,480 Sea Ridge 2,942 14,652 220 2,942 14,872 17,814 Toscana 20,713 98,939 - 20,713 98,939 119,652 Avalon at Town Center 8,913 27,789 745 8,913 28,534 37,447 Canyon Creek 6,096 29,583 254 6,096 29,837 35,933 CountryBrook 10,967 17,838 4,717 11,027 22,495 33,522 The Arbors 3,414 15,463 11,747 3,414 27,210 30,624 Creekside 4,685 24,266 766 4,685 25,032 29,717 Rosewalk at Waterford Park I 3,267 26,181 60 3,267 26,241 29,508 The Fountains 9,026 18,864 1,424 9,026 20,288 29,314 Parkside Commons 10,684 14,826 223 10,684 15,049 25,733 Villa Mariposa 4,518 12,695 4,574 5,288 16,499 21,787 San Marino 2,415 12,743 4,876 3,068 16,966 20,034 The Promenade 5,372 12,845 1,036 5,372 13,881 19,253 Foxchase I & II 7,019 19,104 4,135 7,609 22,649 30,258 Glen Creek 1,671 7,784 613 1,738 8,330 10,068 Fairway Glen 2,159 6,492 848 2,209 7,290 9,499 Viewpointe 23,828 40,360 4,002 23,828 44,362 68,190 Lakeside 22,483 27,773 4,102 22,483 31,875 54,358 Westwood Club 13,753 18,356 3,356 13,753 21,712 35,465 Arbor Heights 2,984 17,916 4,723 2,984 22,639 25,623 Warner Oaks 7,045 13,022 2,311 7,045 15,333 22,378 TimberWood 1,210 8,571 4,932 1,210 13,503 14,713 SunScape 6,663 21,338 8,965 6,663 30,303 36,966 Pacifica Club 12,248 14,559 1,127 12,248 15,686 27,934 Mill Creek 4,165 13,339 3,943 4,165 17,282 21,447 Villa Serena 5,228 12,489 2,081 5,228 14,570 19,798 Amberway 10,285 7,263 1,186 10,285 8,449 18,734 Laguna Brisas 662 16,734 1,218 662 17,952 18,614 Lafayette Place 4,402 3,057 8,026 4,424 11,061 15,485 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Total Cost, Net Year of Accumulated of Accumulated Completion/ Depreciation Depreceiation Encumbrances Acquisition Current Communities -------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Waterford 11,604 30,819 33,100 1985/86 Hampton Place 7,464 28,938 - 1992 Hacienda Gardens 5,393 29,939 - 1988/94 Amador Oaks 1,186 23,883 - 1989/97 Willow Creek 4,104 14,082 - 1985 Alicante 3,598 12,500 - 1992 Barrington Hills 2,505 13,293 13,020 1986/94 Parc Centre 1,110 13,502 - 1973/96 Rivershore 1,700 12,844 10,162 1986/95 Governor's Square 765 26,060 14,064 1976/97 The Pointe 1,847 16,820 - 1991/95 Blairmore 1,496 9,226 - 1986/94 Crown Ridge 2,179 28,271 - 1973/96 Sunset Towers 2,268 25,639 - 1961/96 City Heights 1,757 15,342 20,496 1990/95 Village Square 1,686 11,510 - 1972/94 Crossbrook 1,735 10,733 8,382 1986/94 Cedar Ridge 474 24,980 1,000 1975/97 Regatta Bay 3,537 20,943 - 1973/94 Sea Ridge 1,920 15,894 17,261 1971/95 Toscana 2,405 117,247 - 1998/96 Avalon at Town Center 3,916 33,531 - 1995 Canyon Creek 3,909 32,024 38,052 1995 CountryBrook 2,091 31,431 19,568 1985/96 The Arbors 872 29,752 12,870 1966/97 Creekside 1,140 28,577 - 1962/97 Rosewalk at Waterford Park I 2,084 27,424 - 1997/96 The Fountains 1,987 27,327 - 1990/96 Parkside Commons 1,658 24,075 - 1991/96 Villa Mariposa 4,961 16,826 18,300 1986 San Marino 3,086 16,948 - 1984/88 The Promenade 1,739 17,514 - 1987/95 Foxchase I & II 4,324 25,934 26,400 1986/87 Glen Creek 2,378 7,690 - 1989 Fairway Glen 1,253 8,246 9,580 1986 Viewpointe 1,537 66,653 - 1989/97 Lakeside 1,602 52,756 - 1969/97 Westwood Club 759 34,706 - 1966/97 Arbor Heights 945 24,678 - 1970/97 Warner Oaks 492 21,886 - 1978/98 TimberWood 694 14,019 - 1972/97 SunScape 1,656 35,310 - 1972/97 Pacifica Club 609 27,325 - 1971/97 Mill Creek 1,500 19,947 - 1973/96 Villa Serena 960 18,838 - 1990/97 Amberway 309 18,425 - 1983/98 Laguna Brisas 578 18,036 10,400 1988/98 Lafayette Place 479 15,006 - 1956/96 </TABLE> F-28
91 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION December 31, 1998 (Dollars in thousands) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Initial Cost Total Cost ----------------------------- ---------------------------------------- Building/ Costs Building/ Construction Subsequent Construction in Progress & to Acquisition/ in Progress & Land Improvements Construction Land Improvements Total ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Larkspur Canyon 2,889 7,227 2,621 2,889 9,848 12,737 Mission Bay Club 14,179 29,632 2,028 14,179 31,660 45,839 Cabrillo Square 2,768 20,133 802 2,768 20,935 23,703 Mission Woods 2,710 10,849 7,650 2,710 18,499 21,209 SummerWalk 2,976 7,805 1,941 2,976 9,746 12,722 Waterhouse Place 2,109 13,498 2,839 2,109 16,337 18,446 The Verandas at Bear Creek 6,786 27,541 164 6,786 27,705 34,491 Gallery Place 4,558 17,209 3,520 4,558 20,729 25,287 Avalon Ridge 3,808 21,326 1,665 3,808 22,991 26,799 Avalon Westhaven 2,316 6,697 2,527 2,316 9,224 11,540 Avalon at Prudential Center 25,811 104,417 357 25,811 104,774 130,585 Longwood Towers 9,979 40,414 1,126 9,979 41,540 51,519 Avalon at Center Place 1,699 33,997 11 1,699 34,008 35,707 Avalon Summit 4,262 17,415 47 4,262 17,462 21,724 Avalon at Lexington 3,860 15,736 54 3,860 15,790 19,650 Avalon at Faxon Park 1,136 13,494 - 1,136 13,494 14,630 Avalon West 2,823 11,471 - 2,823 11,471 14,294 Avalon Walk I & II 15,822 64,435 79 15,822 64,514 80,336 Avalon Glen 9,077 36,664 115 9,077 36,779 45,856 Avalon Gates 7,371 30,465 16 7,371 30,481 37,852 Hanover Hall 7,510 30,041 119 7,510 30,160 37,670 Avalon Springs 3,280 13,652 2 3,280 13,654 16,934 Avalon Pavilions 16,612 67,845 310 16,612 68,155 84,767 Avalon Commons 6,816 28,046 10 6,816 28,056 34,872 Avalon Towers 4,184 16,898 371 4,184 17,269 21,453 Avalon Court 3,703 15,194 10 3,703 15,204 18,907 Avalon Cove 18,645 75,394 22 18,645 75,416 94,061 Avalon Watch 11,305 45,990 38 11,305 46,028 57,333 Avalon Chase 6,151 25,146 41 6,151 25,187 31,338 Avalon Run East 4,231 17,235 - 4,231 17,235 21,466 Avalon Gardens 8,428 45,006 - 8,428 45,006 53,434 Avalon View 5,230 21,350 45 5,230 21,395 26,625 Avalon Green 3,261 13,199 55 3,261 13,254 16,515 Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II 12,024 49,177 98 12,024 49,275 61,299 Avalon at Symphony Glen 2,468 10,131 158 2,468 10,289 12,757 Avalon Landing 2,414 9,895 75 2,414 9,970 12,384 Avalon Birches 3,501 14,474 41 3,501 14,515 18,016 Avalon at Hampton I & II 4,495 18,607 32 4,495 18,639 23,134 Avalon Pines 2,244 9,237 2 2,244 9,239 11,483 Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy Towers 12,227 49,588 37 12,227 49,625 61,852 Avalon Crescent 11,862 48,465 - 11,862 48,465 60,327 Avalon at Park Center 9,192 37,508 25 9,192 37,533 46,725 Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers 8,511 34,559 38 8,511 34,597 43,108 Avalon at Cameron Court 10,275 32,502 - 10,275 32,502 42,777 AutumnWoods 7,983 32,563 1 7,983 32,564 40,547 Avalon Park 4,964 20,415 117 4,964 20,532 25,496 Avalon at Fair Lakes 4,334 18,891 - 4,334 18,891 23,225 </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Total Cost, Net Year of Accumulated of Accumulated Completion/ Depreciation Depreceiation Encumbrances Acquisition -------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Larkspur Canyon 845 11,892 7,530 1984/96 Mission Bay Club 1,248 44,591 - 1969/97 Cabrillo Square 667 23,036 - 1973/98 Mission Woods 766 20,443 - 1960/97 SummerWalk 713 12,009 - 1982/97 Waterhouse Place 547 17,899 - 1990/97 The Verandas at Bear Creek 521 33,970 - 1998 Gallery Place 902 24,385 11,486 1991/97 Avalon Ridge 520 26,279 - 1998 Avalon Westhaven 360 11,180 - 1989/97 Avalon at Prudential Center 1,659 128,926 - 1998 Longwood Towers 834 50,685 - 1993 Avalon at Center Place 582 35,125 - 1997 Avalon Summit 364 21,360 - 1996 Avalon at Lexington 328 19,322 14,843 1994 Avalon at Faxon Park 317 14,313 - 1998 Avalon West 235 14,059 8,681 1996 Avalon Walk I & II 1,334 79,002 12,762 1993/94 Avalon Glen 744 45,112 - 1993/95 Avalon Gates 626 37,226 - 1997 Hanover Hall - 37,670 - 1998 Avalon Springs 275 16,659 - 1997 Avalon Pavilions 1,424 83,343 - 1993 Avalon Commons 569 34,303 - 1997 Avalon Towers 343 21,110 - 1995 Avalon Court 311 18,596 - 1997 Avalon Cove 1,514 92,547 - 1997 Avalon Watch 946 56,387 - 1993 Avalon Chase 526 30,812 - 1996 Avalon Run East 350 21,116 - 1996 Avalon Gardens 930 52,504 - 1998 Avalon View 446 26,179 19,085 1993 Avalon Green 268 16,247 - 1995 Avalon at Fairway Hills I & II 1,028 60,271 11,500 1993/96 Avalon at Symphony Glen 214 12,543 9,780 1993 Avalon Landing 211 12,173 6,809 1995 Avalon Birches 315 17,701 - 1995 Avalon at Hampton I & II 403 22,731 19,610 1993 Avalon Pines 197 11,286 5,329 1996 Avalon at Ballston - Vermont & Quincy Towers 1,012 60,840 - 1997 Avalon Crescent 782 59,545 - 1997 Avalon at Park Center 778 45,947 - 1994 Avalon at Ballston - Washington Towers 707 42,401 - 1993 Avalon at Cameron Court 640 42,137 - 1998 AutumnWoods 675 39,872 - 1996 Avalon Park 437 25,059 - 1993 Avalon at Fair Lakes 417 22,808 - 1998 </TABLE> F-29
92 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION December 31, 1998 (Dollars in thousands) <TABLE> <CAPTION> Initial Cost Total Cost -------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- Building/ Costs Building/ Construction Subsequent Construction in Progress & to Acquisition/ in Progress & Land Improvements Construction Land Improvements Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon at Dulles 3,673 15,048 - 3,673 15,048 18,721 Avalon at Providence Park 2,886 11,755 39 2,886 11,794 14,680 Avalon at Gayton 3,766 15,555 44 3,766 15,599 19,365 Avalon at Boulders 3,261 13,468 105 3,261 13,573 16,834 Avalon Station 2,483 10,267 9 2,483 10,276 12,759 Avalon Woods 2,130 8,923 78 2,130 9,001 11,131 Avalon at Decoverly 8,130 33,072 16 8,130 33,088 41,218 Avalon Knoll 4,590 18,811 9 4,590 18,820 23,410 Avalon Fields I & II 5,165 22,028 - 5,165 22,028 27,193 Avalon Crossing 3,628 14,709 - 3,628 14,709 18,337 Avalon at Lake Arbor 2,782 11,444 49 2,782 11,493 14,275 4100 Massachusetts Avenue 9,146 37,047 107 9,146 37,154 46,300 Avalon at Danada Farms 9,902 40,053 5 9,902 40,058 49,960 Avalon at West Grove 6,689 27,632 6 6,689 27,638 34,327 Avalon at Stratford Green 5,680 23,006 12 5,680 23,018 28,698 Avalon at Montgomery 4,061 16,645 15 4,061 16,660 20,721 Avalon Heights 3,981 16,842 1 3,981 16,843 20,824 Avalon at Willow Lake 3,966 16,208 7 3,966 16,215 20,181 Avalon at Geist 3,185 12,957 6 3,185 12,963 16,148 Avalon at Devonshire 9,554 38,964 5 9,554 38,969 48,523 The Gates of Edinburg 4,654 19,205 3 4,654 19,208 23,862 Avalon at Town Centre 4,628 18,996 10 4,628 19,006 23,634 Avalon at Town Square 2,793 11,413 6 2,793 11,419 14,212 Avalon at Oxford Hill 7,503 31,908 27 7,503 31,935 39,438 -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ 738,502 2,687,705 167,575 743,079 2,850,703 3,593,782 -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ Development Communities - ----------------------- Avalon Towers by the Bay - 37,139 - - 37,139 37,139 CentreMark 7,988 40,453 - 7,988 40,453 48,441 Paseo Alameda - 39,120 - - 39,120 39,120 Rosewalk at Waterford Park II - 18,201 - - 18,201 18,201 Avalon Oaks - 15,029 - - 15,029 15,029 Avalon Valley - 12,024 - - 12,024 12,024 Avalon Corners - 11,756 - - 11,756 11,756 Avalon Lake - 9,274 - - 9,274 9,274 Avalon Court North - 11,315 - - 11,315 11,315 The Tower at Avalon Cove - 33,146 - - 33,146 33,146 Avalon Willow - 27,003 - - 27,003 27,003 The Avalon - 12,885 - - 12,885 12,885 Avalon Crest - 38,233 - - 38,233 38,233 Avalon at Fox Mill - 4,838 - - 4,838 4,838 - - - - - - -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ 7,988 310,416 - 7,988 310,416 318,404 -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ Corporate 3,295 6,332 120,868 3,296 127,199 130,495 -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ 749,785 3,004,453 288,443 754,363 3,288,318 4,042,681 ============== ============== ============== ============== ============ ============ </TABLE> <TABLE> <CAPTION> Total Cost, Net Year of Accumulated of Accumulated Completion/ Depreciation Depreceiation Encumbrances Acquisition ------------------------------------------------------------------ <S> <C> <C> <C> <C> Avalon at Dulles 316 18,405 12,360 1993 Avalon at Providence Park 242 14,438 - 1997 Avalon at Gayton 336 19,029 - 1993 Avalon at Boulders 292 16,542 - 1996 Avalon Station 222 12,537 - 1994 Avalon Woods 203 10,928 - 1994 Avalon at Decoverly 680 40,538 - 1995 Avalon Knoll 396 23,014 13,755 1993 Avalon Fields I & II 454 26,739 11,881 1996 Avalon Crossing 299 18,038 - 1996 Avalon at Lake Arbor 243 14,032 - 1995 4100 Massachusetts Avenue 754 45,546 - 1994 Avalon at Danada Farms 809 49,151 - 1997 Avalon at West Grove 572 33,755 - 1997 Avalon at Stratford Green 468 28,230 - 1997 Avalon at Montgomery 350 20,371 - 1997 Avalon Heights 339 20,485 - 1997 Avalon at Willow Lake 338 19,843 - 1997 Avalon at Geist 267 15,881 - 1997 Avalon at Devonshire 807 47,716 27,305 1997 The Gates of Edinburg 391 23,471 - 1998 Avalon at Town Centre 392 23,242 - 1998 Avalon at Town Square 238 13,974 - 1998 Avalon at Oxford Hill 664 38,774 - 1998 ------------ ------------ ------------ 148,153 3,445,629 445,371 ------------ ------------ ------------ Development Communities - ----------------------- Avalon Towers by the Bay - 37,139 - CentreMark 169 48,272 - Paseo Alameda - 39,120 - Rosewalk at Waterford Park II - 18,201 - Avalon Oaks - 15,029 - Avalon Valley - 12,024 - Avalon Corners - 11,756 - Avalon Lake - 9,274 - Avalon Court North - 11,315 - The Tower at Avalon Cove - 33,146 - Avalon Willow - 27,003 - The Avalon - 12,885 - Avalon Crest - 38,233 - Avalon at Fox Mill - 4,838 - - - - ------------ ------------ ------------ 169 318,235 - ------------ ------------ ------------ Corporate 3,500 126,995 - ------------ ------------ ------------ 151,822 3,890,859 445,371 ============ ============ ============ </TABLE> F-30
93 AVALONBAY COMMUNITIES, INC. REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION December 31, 1998 (Dollars in thousands) Depreciation of AvalonBay Communities, Inc. building, improvements, upgrades and furniture, fixtures and equipment (FF&E) is calculated over the following estimated useful lives, on a straight line basis: Building - 30 years Improvements, upgrades and FF&E - not to exceed 7 years The aggregate cost of total real estate for Federal income tax purposes was approximately $2.9 billion at December 31, 1998. The changes in total real estate assets for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 are as follows: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Years ended December 31, -------------------------------------------- 1998 1997 1996 ------------ ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Balance, beginning of period $ 1,373,515 $ 750,347 $ 498,210 Acquisitions, Construction Costs and Improvements 2,826,711 623,168 252,137 Dispositions (157,545) - - ------------ ----------- ----------- Balance, end of period $ 4,042,681 $ 1,373,515 $ 750,347 ============ =========== =========== </TABLE> The changes in accumulated depreciation for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 are as follows: <TABLE> <CAPTION> Years ended December 31, -------------------------------------------- 1998 1997 1996 ------------ ----------- ----------- <S> <C> <C> <C> Balance, beginning of period $ 79,031 $ 52,554 $ 34,552 Depreciation for period 78,134 26,477 18,002 Dispositions (5,343) - - ------------ ----------- ----------- Balance, end of period $ 151,822 $ 79,031 $ 52,554 ============ =========== =========== </TABLE> F-31