Community Trust Bancorp
CTBI
#5765
Rank
$1.12 B
Marketcap
$61.76
Share price
0.29%
Change (1 day)
31.54%
Change (1 year)

Community Trust Bancorp - 10-Q quarterly report FY2022 Q2


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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549
FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022
 
Or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission file number 001-31220

COMMUNITY TRUST BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Kentucky
61-0979818
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
  
346 North Mayo Trail
P.O. Box 2947
Pikeville, Kentucky
41502
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip code)

(606) 432-1414
(Registrant’s telephone number)
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Common Stock
(Title of class)

CTBI
NASDAQ Global Select Market
(Trading symbol)
(Name of exchange on which registered)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes 
No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every interactive data file required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes 
No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer
Accelerated Filer 
Non-accelerated Filer 
   
Smaller Reporting Company
Emerging Growth Company
 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.       

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes
   No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date.

Common stock – 17,901,373 shares outstanding at July 31, 2022



CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain of the statements contained herein that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. Community Trust Bancorp, Inc.’s (“CTBI”) actual results may differ materially from those included in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “may increase,” “may fluctuate,” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would,” and “could.” These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, economic conditions, portfolio growth, the credit performance of the portfolios, including bankruptcies, and seasonal factors; changes in general economic conditions including the performance of financial markets, prevailing inflation and interest rates, realized gains from sales of investments, gains from asset sales, and losses on commercial lending activities; the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business operations and credit quality and on general economic and financial market conditions, as well as our ability to respond to the related challenges; our participation in the Paycheck Protection Program administered by the Small Business Administration; results of various investment activities; the effects of competitors’ pricing policies, changes in laws and regulations, competition, and demographic changes on target market populations’ savings and financial planning needs; industry changes in information technology systems on which we are highly dependent; failure of acquisitions to produce revenue enhancements or cost savings at levels or within the time frames originally anticipated or unforeseen integration difficulties; and the resolution of legal  proceedings and related matters. In addition, the banking industry in general is subject to various monetary, operational, and fiscal policies and regulations, which include, but are not limited to, those determined by the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, and state regulators, whose policies, regulations, and enforcement actions could affect CTBI’s results.  These statements are representative only on the date hereof, and CTBI undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made.

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The accompanying information has not been audited by our independent registered public accountants; however, in the opinion of management such information reflects all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim period.  All such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and consequently do not include all of the disclosures normally required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America or those normally made in the Registrant’s annual report on Form 10-K.  Accordingly, the reader of the Form 10-Q should refer to the Registrant’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 for further information in this regard.

1

Community Trust Bancorp, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(dollars in thousands)
 
(unaudited)
June 30
2022
  
December 31
2021
 
Assets:
      
Cash and due from banks
 
$
75,373
  
$
46,558
 
Interest bearing deposits
  136,293   265,198 
Federal funds sold
  
2,000
   
0
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  
213,666
   
311,756
 
         
Certificates of deposit in other banks
  
245
   
245
 
Debt securities available-for-sale at fair value (amortized cost of $1,534,312 and $1,461,829, respectively)
  
1,402,127
   
1,455,429
 
Equity securities at fair value
  
2,128
   
2,253
 
Loans held for sale
  
936
   
2,632
 
         
Loans
  
3,558,443
   
3,408,813
 
Allowance for credit losses
  
(42,344
)
  
(41,756
)
Net loans
  
3,516,099
   
3,367,057
 
         
Premises and equipment, net
  
40,704
   
40,479
 
Right-of-use assets
  
12,005
   
12,148
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
  
8,139
   
8,139
 
Federal Reserve Bank stock
  
4,887
   
4,887
 
Goodwill
  
65,490
   
65,490
 
Bank owned life insurance
  
91,974
   
91,097
 
Mortgage servicing rights
  
8,220
   
6,774
 
Other real estate owned
  
1,954
   
3,486
 
Deferred tax asset
  31,851   0 
Accrued interest receivable
  
15,801
   
15,415
 
Other assets
  
31,124
   
30,970
 
Total assets
 
$
5,447,350
  
$
5,418,257
 
         
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
        
Deposits:
        
Noninterest bearing
 
$
1,408,148
  
$
1,331,103
 
Interest bearing
  
3,064,780
   
3,013,189
 
Total deposits
  
4,472,928
   
4,344,292
 
         
Repurchase agreements
  
238,733
   
271,088
 
Federal funds purchased
  
500
   
500
 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
  
365
   
375
 
Long-term debt
  
57,841
   
57,841
 
Deferred tax liability
  
0
   
546
 
Operating lease liability
  
11,069
   
11,583
 
Finance lease liability
  
1,410
   
1,422
 
Accrued interest payable
  
1,863
   
1,016
 
Other liabilities
  
30,591
   
31,392
 
Total liabilities
  
4,815,300
   
4,720,055
 
         
Shareholders’ equity:
        
Preferred stock, 300,000 shares authorized and unissued
  
-
   
-
 
Common stock, $5.00par value, shares authorized 25,000,000; shares issued and outstanding 202217,895,181; 202117,843,081
  
89,475
   
89,215
 
Capital surplus
  
228,020
   
227,085
 
Retained earnings
  
412,484
   
386,750
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax
  
(97,929
)
  
(4,848
)
Total shareholders’ equity
  
632,050
   
698,202
 
         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
$
5,447,350
  
$
5,418,257
 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

Community Trust Bancorp, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
June 30
  
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
(in thousands except per share data)
 
2022
  
2021
  
2022
  
2021
 
Interest income:
            
Interest and fees on loans, including loans held for sale
 
$
39,234
  
$
39,684
  
$
77,401
  
$
80,373
 
Interest and dividends on securities
                
Taxable
  
4,944
   
3,148
   
9,328
   
5,723
 
Tax exempt
  
752
   
795
   
1,524
   
1,534
 
Interest and dividends on Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock
  
134
   
123
   
248
   
247
 
Interest on Federal Reserve Bank deposits
  
273
   
116
   
355
   
192
 
Other, including interest on federal funds sold
  
15
   
9
   
23
   
17
 
Total interest income
  
45,352
   
43,875
   
88,879
   
88,086
 
                 
Interest expense:
                
Interest on deposits
  
3,847
   
3,228
   
6,801
   
6,615
 
Interest on repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased
  
336
   
366
   
590
   
670
 
Interest on advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
  1   0   1   0 
Interest on long-term debt
  
378
   
274
   
665
   
552
 
Total interest expense
  
4,562
   
3,868
   
8,057
   
7,837
 
                 
Net interest income
  
40,790
   
40,007
   
80,822
   
80,249
 
Provision for credit losses (recovery)
  
77
   
(4,257
)
  
952
   
(6,756
)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses (recovery)
  
40,713
   
44,264
   
79,870
   
87,005
 
                 
Noninterest income:
                
Deposit related fees
  7,263
   6,358
   14,009
   12,380
 
Gains on sales of loans, net
  
519
   
1,907
   
1,116
   
4,340
 
Trust and wealth management income
  
3,198
   
3,349
   
6,446
   
6,300
 
Loan related fees
  
1,415
   
1,004
   
3,477
   
3,274
 
Bank owned life insurance
  
702
   
581
   
1,393
   
1,154
 
Brokerage revenue
  
459
   
554
   
1,049
   
1,011
 
Securities gains (losses)
  
(225
)
  
280
   
(126
)
  
112
 
Other noninterest income
  
1,170
   
1,488
   
2,102
   
2,527
 
Total noninterest income
  
14,501
   
15,521
   
29,466
   
31,098
 
                 
Noninterest expense:
                
Officer salaries and employee benefits
  
4,239
   
5,379
   
8,121
   
9,117
 
Other salaries and employee benefits
  
14,295
   
13,581
   
27,951
   
26,676
 
Occupancy, net
  
2,120
   
2,018
   
4,365
   
4,213
 
Equipment
  
636
   
650
   
1,245
   
1,283
 
Data processing
  
2,095
   
1,870
   
4,296
   
4,029
 
Bank franchise tax
  
416
   
365
   
831
   
725
 
Legal fees
  
348
   
287
   
649
   
639
 
Professional fees
  
536
   
466
   
1,102
   
1,007
 
Advertising and marketing
  
659
   
710
   
1,411
   
1,432
 
FDIC insurance
  
358
   
323
   
713
   
649
 
Other real estate owned provision and expense
  
43
   
488
   
396
   
806
 
Repossession expense
  
131
   
12
   
231
   
211
 
Amortization of limited partnership investments
  
747
   
838
   
1,480
   
1,675
 
Other noninterest expense
  
3,355
   
2,511
   
6,546
   
5,346
 
Total noninterest expense
  
29,978
   
29,498
   
59,337
   
57,808
 
                 
Income before income taxes
  
25,236
   
30,287
   
49,999
   
60,295
 
Income taxes
  
4,965
   
6,356
   
10,000
   
12,746
 
Net income
  
20,271
   
23,931
   
39,999
   
47,549
 
                 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on debt securities available-for-sale:
                
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period
  
(47,222
)
  
6,075
   
(125,786
)
  
(7,381
)
Less: Reclassification adjustments for realized gains (losses) included in net income
  
(1
)
  
0
   
(1
)
  
60
 
Tax expense (benefit)
  
(12,277
)
  
1,579
   
(32,704
)
  
(1,935
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
  
(34,944
)
  
4,496
   
(93,081
)
  
(5,506
)
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
(14,673
)
 
$
28,427
  
$
(53,082
)
 
$
42,043
 
                 
Basic earnings per share
 
$
1.14
  
$
1.35
  
$
2.24
  
$
2.67
 
Diluted earnings per share
 
$
1.14
  
$
1.34
  
$
2.24
  
$
2.67
 
                 
Weighted average shares outstanding-basic
  
17,835
   
17,784
   
17,827
   
17,779
 
Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted
  
17,843
   
17,800
   
17,838
   
17,794
 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
Quarterly
(unaudited)

(in thousands except per share and share amounts)
 
Common
Shares
  
Common
Stock
  
Capital
Surplus
  
Retained
Earnings
  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
Net of Tax
  
Total
 
Balance, March 31, 2022
  
17,884,106
  
$
89,420
  
$
227,589
  
$
399,347
  
$
(62,985
)
 
$
653,371
 
Net income
              
20,271
       
20,271
 
Other comprehensive loss
                  
(34,944
)
  
(34,944
)
Cash dividends declared ($0.40 per share)
              
(7,134
)
      
(7,134
)
Issuance of common stock
  
6,075
   
30
   
221
           
251
 
Issuance of restricted stock
  5,000   25   (25)          0 
Stock-based compensation
          
235
           
235
 
Balance,  June 30, 2022
  
17,895,181
  
$
89,475
  
$
228,020
  
$
412,484
  
$
(97,929
)
 
$
632,050
 

(in thousands except per share and share amounts)
 
Common
Shares
  
Common
Stock
  
Capital
Surplus
  
Retained
Earnings
  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
Net of Tax
  
Total
 
Balance, March 31, 2021
  
17,826,076
  
$
89,131
  
$
225,861
  
$
343,511
  
$
3,566
  
$
662,069
 
Net income
              
23,931
       
23,931
 
Other comprehensive income
                  
4,496
   
4,496
 
Cash dividends declared ($0.385 per share)
              
(6,847
)
      
(6,847
)
Issuance of common stock
  
5,403
   
27
   
215
           
242
 
Issuance of restricted stock
  0   0   0           0 
Stock-based compensation
          
192
           
192
 
Balance, June 30, 2021
  
17,831,479
  
$
89,158
  
$
226,268
  
$
360,595
  
$
8,062
  
$
684,083
 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
Year-to-Date
(unaudited)

(in thousands except per share and share amounts)
 
Common
Shares
  
Common
Stock
  
Capital
Surplus
  
Retained
Earnings
  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss), Net of Tax
  
Total
 
Balance, January 1, 2022
  
17,843,081
  
$
89,215
  
$
227,085
  
$
386,750
  
$
(4,848
)
 
$
698,202
 
Net income
              
39,999
       
39,999
 
Other comprehensive loss
                  
(93,081
)
  
(93,081
)
Cash dividends declared ($0.80 per share)
              
(14,265
)
      
(14,265
)
Issuance of common stock
  
38,566
   
193
   
306
           
499
 
Issuance of restricted stock
  
40,438
   
202
   
(202
)
          
0
 
Vesting of restricted stock
  
(26,904
)
  
(135
)
  
135
           
0
 
Stock-based compensation
          
696
           
696
 
Balance, June 30, 2022
  
17,895,181
  
$
89,475
  
$
228,020
  
$
412,484
  
$
(97,929
)
 
$
632,050
 

(in thousands except per share and share amounts)
 
Common
Shares
  
Common
Stock
  
Capital
Surplus
  
Retained
Earnings
  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
Net of Tax
  
Total
 
Balance, January 1, 2021
  
17,810,401
  
$
89,052
  
$
225,507
  
$
326,738
  
$
13,568
  
$
654,865
 
Net income
              
47,549
       
47,549
 
Other comprehensive loss
                  
(5,506
)
  
(5,506
)
Cash dividends declared ($0.77 per share)
              
(13,692
)
      
(13,692
)
Issuance of common stock
  
29,566
   
148
   
332
           
480
 
Issuance of restricted stock
  
9,193
   
46
   
(46
)
          
0
 
Vesting of restricted stock
  
(17,681
)
  
(88
)
  
88
           
0
 
Stock-based compensation
          
387
           
387
 
Balance, June 30, 2021
  
17,831,479
  
$
89,158
  
$
226,268
  
$
360,595
  
$
8,062
  
$
684,083
 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Community Trust Bancorp, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)

 
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
(in thousands)
 
2022
  
2021
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
      
Net income
 
$
39,999
  
$
47,549
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
        
Depreciation and amortization
  
2,560
   
2,533
 
Deferred taxes
  
306
   
(643
)
Stock-based compensation
  
742
   
423
 
Provision for credit losses (recovery)
  
952
   
(6,756
)
Write-downs of other real estate owned and other repossessed assets
  
269
   
504
 
Gains on sale of mortgage loans held for sale
  
(1,116
)
  
(4,340
)
Securities (gains)/losses
  
1
   
(60
)
Fair value adjustment in equity securities
  
125
   
(52
)
Gains on sale of assets, net
  
(43
)
  
(227
)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale
  
49,301
   
196,989
 
Funding of mortgage loans held for sale
  
(46,489
)
  
(174,303
)
Amortization of securities premiums and discounts, net
  
3,341
   
3,824
 
Change in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance
  
(878
)
  
(682
)
Payment of operating lease liabilities
  
(894
)
  
(855
)
Mortgage servicing rights:
        
Fair value adjustments
  
(994
)
  
(421
)
New servicing assets created
  
(452
)
  
(1,410
)
Changes in:
        
Accrued interest receivable
  
(386
)
  
351
 
Other assets
  
(154
)
  
1,047
 
Accrued interest payable
  
847
   
375
 
Other liabilities
  
(855
)
  
6,098
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
  
46,182
   
69,944
 
         
Cash flows from investing activities:
        
Securities available-for-sale (AFS):
        
Purchase of AFS securities
  
(178,054
)
  
(559,810
)
Proceeds from sales of AFS securities
  
0
   
1,080
 
Proceeds from prepayments, calls, and maturities of AFS securities
  
102,230
   
187,189
 
Change in loans, net
  
(149,504
)
  
106,337
 
Purchase of premises and equipment
  
(2,262
)
  
(612
)
Proceeds from sale and retirement of premises and equipment
  
0
   
812
 
Proceeds from sale of stock by Federal Home Loan Bank
  
0
   
1,020
 
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned and repossessed assets
  
888
   
1,128
 
Additional investment in other real estate owned and repossessed assets  (73)  0 
Proceeds from settlement of bank owned life insurance
  1   0 
Net cash used in investing activities
  
(226,774
)
  
(262,856
)
         
Cash flows from financing activities:
        
Change in deposits, net
  
128,636
   
307,620
 
Change in repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased, net
  
(32,355
)
  
14,706
 
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances
  20,000   0 
Payments on advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
  
(20,010
)
  
(10
)
Payment of finance lease liabilities
  
(12
)
  
(8
)
Issuance of common stock
  
499
   
480
 
Dividends paid
  
(14,256
)
  
(13,691
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
  
82,502
   
309,097
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
  
(98,090
)
  
116,185
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
  
311,756
   
338,235
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
213,666
  
$
454,420
 
         
Supplemental disclosures:
        
Income taxes paid
 
$
8,710
  
$
11,030
 
Interest paid
  
7,210
   
7,462
 
Non-cash activities:
        
Loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned and repossessed assets
  
935
   
475
 
Common stock dividends accrued, paid in subsequent quarter
  
257
   
239
 
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans
  
444
   
251
 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

Community Trust Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (which consist of normal recurring adjustments) necessary, to present fairly the condensed consolidated financial position as of June 30, 2022, the results of operations, other comprehensive income (loss), and changes in shareholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.  In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, these statements do not include certain information and footnote disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete annual financial statements.  The results of operations, other comprehensive income (loss), and changes in shareholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.  The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Community Trust Bancorp, Inc. (“CTBI”) for that period.  For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in our annual report on Form 10-K.


Principles of Consolidation – The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CTBI and its separate and distinct, wholly owned subsidiaries Community Trust Bank, Inc. (“CTB”) and Community Trust and Investment Company.  All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


New Accounting Standards


        Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting – In April 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial ReportingIn response to concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates, and, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), regulators around the world have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction-based and less susceptible to manipulation.  The amendments in this ASU provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting and provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met.  This ASU applies only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform.  The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022.  An entity may elect to apply ASU 2020-04 for contract modifications as of January 1, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued.  We anticipate this ASU will simplify any modifications we execute between the selected start date (yet to be determined) and December 31, 2022 that are directly related to LIBOR transition.  At this time, we do not anticipate any material adverse impact to our business operation or financial results during the period of transition.


➢       Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures – In February 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.  The amendments in this ASU eliminate the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, Receivables—Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.  Specifically, rather than applying the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs, an entity must apply the loan refinancing and restructuring guidance in paragraphs 310-20-35-9 through 35-11 to determine whether a modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan.   Additionally, for public business entities, the amendments in this ASU require that an entity disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses—Measured at Amortized Cost, in the vintage disclosures required by paragraph 326-20-50-6.  The amendments in the ASU are for fiscal periods beginning after December 22, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  The changes can be early adopted, separately by topic. We do not anticipate a significant impact to our consolidated financial statements.
7



➢          Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions – In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement Topic 820: Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions.  The FASB issued this ASU (1) to clarify the guidance in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, when measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of an equity security, (2) to amend a related illustrative example, and (3) to introduce new disclosure requirements for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions that are measured at fair value in accordance with Topic 820.  The amendments in this ASU clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value.  The amendments also clarify that an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction.  The amendments in ASU also require the following disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions: (1) the fair value of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions reflected in the balance sheet; (2) the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s); and (3) the circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s).  For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early adoption is permitted for both interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. We do not anticipate a significant impact to our consolidated financial statements.

Significant Accounting Policies –


The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the appropriate application of certain accounting policies, many of which require us to make estimates and assumptions about future events and their impact on amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and related notes.  Since future events and their impact cannot be determined with certainty, the actual results will inevitably differ from our estimates.  Such differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements.


We believe the application of accounting policies and the estimates required therein are reasonable.  These accounting policies and estimates are constantly reevaluated, and adjustments are made when facts and circumstances dictate a change.  Historically, we have found our application of accounting policies to be appropriate, and actual results have not differed materially from those determined using necessary estimates.


We have identified the following significant accounting policies:


        Investments  Management determines the classification of securities at purchase.  We classify debt securities into held-to-maturity, trading, or available-for-sale categories.  Held-to-maturity (“HTM”) securities are those which we have the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost.  In accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 320, Investments – Debt Securities, investments in debt securities that are not classified as held-to-maturity shall be classified in one of the following categories and measured at fair value in the statement of financial position:

a. Trading securities.Securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term (thus held for only a short period of time) shall be classified as trading securities. Trading generally reflects active and frequent buying and selling, and trading securities are generally used with the objective of generating profits on short-term differences in price.

b. Available-for-sale securities. Investments not classified as trading securities (nor as HTM securities) shall be classified as available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities.

8


We do not have any securities that are classified as trading securities.  AFS securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of tax.  If declines in fair value are other than temporary, the carrying value of the securities is written down to fair value as a realized loss with a charge to income for the portion attributable to credit losses and a charge to other comprehensive income for the portion that is not credit related.


Gains or losses on disposition of debt securities are computed by specific identification for those securities.  Interest and dividend income, adjusted by amortization of purchase premium or discount, is included in earnings.


An allowance is recognized for credit losses relative to AFS securities rather than as a reduction in the cost basis of the security.  Subsequent improvements in credit quality or reductions in estimated credit losses are recognized immediately as a reversal of the previously recorded allowance, which aligns the income statement recognition of credit losses with the reporting period in which changes occur.


HTM securities are subject to an allowance for lifetime expected credit losses, determined by adjusting historical loss information for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  The forward-looking evaluation of lifetime expected losses will be performed on a pooled basis for debt securities that share similar risk characteristics.  These allowances for expected losses must be made by the holder of the HTM debt security when the security is purchased.  At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, CTBI held nosecurities designated as held-to-maturity.


CTBI accounts for equity securities in accordance with ASC 321, Investments – Equity Securities. ASC 321 requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method and those that result in the consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair values recognized in net income.


Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value are required to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income.  Equity securities without a readily determinable fair value are carried at cost, less any impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes for identical or similar investments.  As permitted by ASC 321-10-35-2, CTBI can make an irrevocable election to subsequently measure an equity security without a readily determinable fair value, and all identical or similar investments of the same issuer, including future purchases of identical or similar investments of the same issuer, at fair value.  CTBI has made this election for our Visa Class B equity securities.  The fair value of these securities was determined by a third party service provider using Level 3 inputs as defined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, and changes in fair value are recognized in income.


        Loans  Loans with the ability and the intent to be held until maturity and/or payoff are reported at the carrying value of unpaid principal reduced by unearned interest, an allowance for credit losses, and unamortized deferred fees or costs and premiums.  Income is recorded on the level yield basis.  Interest accrual is discontinued when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions, collateral value, and collection efforts, that the borrower’s financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful.  Any loan greater than 90 days past due must be well secured and in the process of collection to continue accruing interest.  Cash payments received on nonaccrual loans generally are applied against principal, and interest income is only recorded once principal recovery is reasonably assured.  Loans are not reclassified as accruing until principal and interest payments remain current for a period of time, generallysix months, and future payments appear reasonably certain.  A restructuring of a debt constitutes a TDR if the creditor for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider.

9


The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) included an election for banking institutions to not apply the guidance on accounting for TDRs to loan modifications, such as extensions or deferrals, related to COVID-19 made between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of (i) December 31, 2020 or (ii) 60 days after the end of the COVID-19 national emergency.  The relief can only be applied to modifications for borrowers that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019.  The ability to exclude COVID-19-related modifications as TDRs was extended under the Consolidated Appropriations Act 2021 to the earlier of (i) 60 days after the end of the COVID-19 national emergency and (ii) January 1, 2022.  CTBI elected to adopt these provisions of the CARES Act, as extended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act 2021.


Loan origination and commitment fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and the net amount amortized over the estimated life of the related loans, or commitments as a yield adjustment.


        Allowance for Credit Losses  CTBI accounts for the allowance for credit losses under ASC 326. CTBI measures expected credit losses of financial assets on a collective (pool) basis using loss-rate methods when the financial assets share similar risk characteristics. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Regardless of an initial measurement method, once it is determined that foreclosure is probable, the allowance for credit losses is measured based on the fair value of the collateral as of the measurement date. As a practical expedient, the fair value of the collateral may be used for a loan when determining the allowance for credit losses for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The fair value shall be adjusted for selling costs when foreclosure is probable. For collateral-dependent financial assets, the credit loss expected may be zero if the fair value less costs to sell exceed the amortized cost of the loan. Loans shall not be included in both collective assessments and individual assessments.


In the event that collection of principal becomes uncertain, CTBI has policies in place to reverse accrued interest in a timely manner. Therefore, CTBI elected ASU 2019-04 which allows that accrued interest would continue to be presented separately and not part of the amortized cost of the loan. The methodology used by CTBI is developed using the current loan balance, which is then compared to amortized cost balances to analyze the impact. The difference in amortized cost basis versus consideration of loan balances impacts the allowance for credit losses calculation by 1 basis point and is considered immaterial. The primary difference is for indirect lending premiums.


We maintain an allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans, as well as estimated credit losses inherent in the remainder of the loan and lease portfolio.  Credit losses are charged and recoveries are credited to the ACL.


We utilize an internal risk grading system for commercial credits. Those credits that meet the following criteria are subject to individual evaluation: the loan has an outstanding bank share balance of $1 million or greater and meets one of the following criteria: (i) has a criticized risk rating, (ii) is in nonaccrual status, (iii) is a TDR, or (iv) is 90 days or more past due. The borrower’s cash flow, adequacy of collateral coverage, and other options available to CTBI, including legal remedies, are evaluated. We evaluate the collectability of both principal and interest when assessing the need for loss provision. Historical loss rates are analyzed and applied to other commercial loan segments not subject to individual evaluation.


Homogenous loans, such as consumer installment, residential mortgages, and home equity lines are not individually risk graded.  The associated ACL for these loans is measured in pools with similar risk characteristics under ASC 326.


When any secured commercial loan is considered uncollectable, whether past due or not, a current assessment of the value of the underlying collateral is made. If the balance of the loan exceeds the fair value of the collateral, the loan is placed on nonaccrual and the loan is charged down to the value of the collateral less estimated cost to sell. For commercial loans greater than $1 million and classified as criticized, TDR, or nonaccrual, a specific reserve is established if a loss is determined to be possible and then charged-off once it is probable. When the foreclosed collateral has been legally assigned to CTBI, the estimated fair value of the collateral less costs to sell is then transferred to other real estate owned or other repossessed assets, and a charge-off is taken for any remaining balance.  When any unsecured commercial loan is considered uncollectable the loan is charged off no later than at 90 days past due.

10


All closed-end consumer loans (excluding conventional 1-4 family residential loans and installment and revolving loans secured by real estate) are charged off no later than 120 days (five monthly payments) delinquent.  If a loan is considered uncollectable, it is charged off earlier than 120 days delinquent. For conventional 1-4 family residential loans and installment and revolving loans secured by real estate, when a loan is 90 days past due, a current assessment of the value of the real estate is made.  If the balance of the loan exceeds the fair value of the property, the loan is placed on nonaccrual. Foreclosure proceedings are normally initiated after 120 days. When the foreclosed property has been legally assigned to CTBI, the fair value less estimated costs to sell is transferred to other real estate owned and the remaining balance is taken as a charge-off.


Historical loss rates for loans are adjusted for significant factors that, in management’s judgment, reflect the impact of any current conditions on loss recognition.  With the implementation of ASC 326, weighted average life calculations were completed as a tool to determine the life of CTBI’s various loan segments. Vintage modeling was used to determine the life of loan losses for consumer and residential real estate loans. Static pool modeling was used to determine the life of loan losses for commercial loan segments. Qualitative factors used to derive CTBI’s total ACL include delinquency trends, current economic conditions and trends, strength of supervision and administration of the loan portfolio, levels of underperforming loans, trends in loan losses, and underwriting exceptions.  Forecasting factors including unemployment rates and industry specific forecasts for industries in which our total exposure is 5%of capital or greater are also included as factors in the ACL model.  Management continually reevaluates the other subjective factors included in our ACL analysis.


        Goodwill and Core Deposit Intangible  We evaluate total goodwill and core deposit intangible for impairment, based upon ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, using fair value techniques including multiples of price/equity.  Goodwill and core deposit intangible are evaluated for impairment on an annual basis or as other events may warrant.



The balance of goodwill, at $65.5million, has not changed since January 1, 2015.   Our core deposit intangible has been fully amortized since December 31, 2017.
 

        Income Taxes – Income tax expense is based on the taxes due on the consolidated tax return plus deferred taxes based on the expected future tax benefits and consequences of temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates.  Any interest and penalties incurred in connection with income taxes are recorded as a component of income tax expense in our consolidated financial statements.  During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, CTBI has not recognized a significant amount of interest expense or penalties in connection with income taxes.

Note 2 – Stock-Based Compensation


Restricted stock expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $258 thousand and $742 thousand, respectively, including $24 thousand and $46 thousand, respectively, in dividends paid for those periods.  Restricted stock expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was $210 thousand and $423 thousand, respectively, including $18 thousand and $36thousand, respectively, in dividends paid for those periods.  As of June 30, 2022, there was a total of $2.2 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock grants that will be recognized as expense as the awards vest over a weighted average period of 3.1 years. There were 5,000 shares of restricted stock granted during the three months ended June 30, 2022, and no restricted stock grants during the three months ended June 30, 2021.  There were 40,438 and 9,193shares of restricted stock granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  The restricted stock was issued pursuant to the terms of CTBI’s 2015 Stock Ownership Incentive Plan. The restrictions on the restricted stock will lapse ratably over four years, except for the 5,000 management retention restricted stock award granted in April 2022 which will vest at the end of five years, subject to such employee’s continued employment.  However, in the event of certain participant employee termination events occurring within 24 months of a change in control of CTBI or the death of the participant, the restrictions will lapse, and in the event of the participant’s disability, the restrictions will lapse on a pro rata basis.  The Compensation Committee will have discretion to review and revise restrictions applicable to a participant’s restricted stock in the event of the participant’s retirement.

11


There was no compensation expense related to stock option grants for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. As of June 30, 2022, there was no unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock option awards, as all stock option awards have fully vested.  There were no stock options granted in the first six months of 2022 or 2021.

Note 3 – Securities


Debt securities are classified into HTM and AFS categories.  HTM securities are those that CTBI has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost.  AFS securities are those that CTBI may decide to sell if needed for liquidity, asset-liability management or other reasons.  AFS securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included as a separate component of equity, net of tax.  As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, CTBI had noHTM securities.


The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at June 30, 2022 are summarized as follows:

Available-for-Sale

(in thousands)
 
Amortized
Cost
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair Value
 
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
457,576
  
$
210
  
$
(27,509
)
 
$
430,277
 
State and political subdivisions
  
328,954
   
132
   
(49,860
)
  
279,226
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
654,315
   
133
   
(52,880
)
  
601,568
 
Asset-backed securities
  
93,467
   
0
   
(2,411
)
  
91,056
 
Total available-for-sale securities
 
$
1,534,312
  
$
475
  
$
(132,660
)
 
$
1,402,127
 


The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at December 31, 2021 are summarized as follows:

Available-for-Sale

(in thousands)
 
Amortized
Cost
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair Value
 
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
299,606
  
$
351
  
$
(4,187
)
 
$
295,770
 
State and political subdivisions
  
334,218
   
5,524
   
(5,539
)
  
334,203
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
733,467
   
5,107
   
(7,765
)
  
730,809
 
Asset-backed securities
  
94,538
   
301
   
(192
)
  
94,647
 
Total available-for-sale securities
 
$
1,461,829
  
$
11,283
  
$
(17,683
)
 
$
1,455,429
 
12




The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at June 30, 2022 by contractual maturity are shown below.  Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

 
Available-for-Sale
 
(in thousands)
 
Amortized Cost
  
Fair Value
 
Due in one year or less
 
$
44,996
  
$
44,674
 
Due after one through five years
  
236,828
   
224,810
 
Due after five through ten years
  
275,428
   
251,091
 
Due after ten years
  
229,278
   
188,928
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
654,315
   
601,568
 
Asset-backed securities
  
93,467
   
91,056
 
Total debt securities
 
$
1,534,312
  
$
1,402,127
 


During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we had a net securities loss of $225 thousand, consisting of a pre-tax loss of $1 thousand realized on calls of AFS securities and an unrealized loss of $224 thousand from the fair value adjustment of equity securities.  During the three months ended June 30, 2021, we had an unrealized gain of $280 thousand from the fair value adjustment of equity securities.


During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we had a net securities loss of $126 thousand, consisting of a pre-tax loss of $1 thousand realized on calls of AFS securities and an unrealized loss of $125 thousand from the fair value adjustment of equity securities.  During the six months ended June 30, 2021, we had a net securities gain of $112 thousand, consisting of a pre-tax gain of $60 thousand realized on sales and calls of AFS securities and an unrealized gain of $52 thousand from the fair value adjustment of equity securities.


Equity Securities at Fair Value


CTBI made the election permitted by ASC 321-10-35-2 to record its Visa Class B shares at fair value.  Equity securities at fair value as of June 30, 2022 were $2.1 million, as a result of a $224 thousand decrease in the fair value in the second quarter 2022.  The fair value of equity securities increased $280 thousand in the second quarter 2021.  No equity securities were sold during the six months ended June 30, 2022and 2021.


The amortized cost of securities pledged as collateral, to secure public deposits and for other purposes, was $528.5 million at June 30, 2022 and $545.6 million at December 31, 2021.


The amortized cost of securities sold under agreements to repurchase amounted to $316.6 million at June 30, 2022 and $314.1 million at December 31, 2021.

13


CTBI evaluates its investment portfolio on a quarterly basis for impairment.  The analysis performed as of June 30, 2022 indicates that all impairment is considered temporary, market and interest rate driven, and not credit-related.  The percentage of total debt securities with unrealized losses as of June 30, 2022 was 93.2%, compared to 72.4% as of December 31, 2021.  The following table provides the amortized cost, gross unrealized losses, and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2022 that are not deemed to have credit losses.  As stated above, CTBI had no HTM securities as of June 30, 2022.

Available-for-Sale

(in thousands)
 
Amortized
Cost
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair Value
 
Less Than 12 Months
         
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
382,012
  
$
(23,320
)
 
$
358,692
 
State and political subdivisions
  
204,981
   
(28,227
)
  
176,754
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
449,017
   
(37,182
)
  
411,835
 
Asset-backed securities
  
48,039
   
(1,401
)
  
46,638
 
Total <12 months temporarily impaired AFS securities
  
1,084,049
   
(90,130
)
  
993,919
 
             
12 Months or More
            
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
  
44,913
   
(4,189
)
  
40,724
 
State and political subdivisions
  
99,653
   
(21,633
)
  
78,020
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
165,619
   
(15,698
)
  
149,921
 
Asset-backed securities
  
45,428
   
(1,010
)
  
44,418
 
Total ≥12 months temporarily impaired AFS securities
  
355,613
   
(42,530
)
  
313,083
 
             
Total
            
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
  
426,925
   
(27,509
)
  
399,416
 
State and political subdivisions
  
304,634
   
(49,860
)
  
254,774
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
614,636
   
(52,880
)
  
561,756
 
Asset-backed securities
  
93,467
   
(2,411
)
  
91,056
 
Total temporarily impaired AFS securities
 
$
1,439,662
  
$
(132,660
)
 
$
1,307,002
 

14


The analysis performed as of December 31, 2021 indicated that all impairment was considered temporary, market and interest rate driven, and not credit-related.  The following table provides the amortized cost, gross unrealized losses, and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2021 that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired.  As stated above, CTBI had no HTM securities as of December 31, 2021.

Available-for-Sale

(in thousands)
 
Amortized
Cost
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair Value
 
Less Than 12 Months
         
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
249,990
  
$
(4,123
)
 
$
245,867
 
State and political subdivisions
  
197,592
   
(4,779
)
  
192,813
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
473,831
   
(6,759
)
  
467,072
 
Asset-backed securities
  
52,229
   
(190
)
  
52,039
 
Total <12 months temporarily impaired AFS securities
  
973,642
   
(15,851
)
  
957,791
 
             
12 Months or More
            
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
  
14,505
   
(64
)
  
14,441
 
State and political subdivisions
  
19,126
   
(760
)
  
18,366
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
62,330
   
(1,006
)
  
61,324
 
Asset-backed securities
  
1,368
   
(2
)
  
1,366
 
Total ≥12 months temporarily impaired AFS securities
  
97,329
   
(1,832
)
  
95,497
 
             
Total
            
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
  
264,495
   
(4,187
)
  
260,308
 
State and political subdivisions
  
216,718
   
(5,539
)
  
211,179
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
536,161
   
(7,765
)
  
528,396
 
Asset-backed securities
  
53,597
   
(192
)
  
53,405
 
Total temporarily impaired AFS securities
 
$
1,070,971
  
$
(17,683
)
 
$
1,053,288
 

U.S. Treasury and Government Agencies


The unrealized losses in U.S. Treasury and government agencies were caused by interest rate changes.  The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than par which will equal amortized cost at maturity.  CTBI does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost.

State and Political Subdivisions


The unrealized losses in securities of state and political subdivisions were caused by interest rate changes.  The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than par which will equal amortized cost at maturity.  CTBI does not intend to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost.

U.S. Government Sponsored Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities


The unrealized losses in U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities were caused by interest rate changes.  CTBI expects to recover the amortized cost basis over the term of the securities.  CTBI does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost.

15

Asset-Backed Securities


The unrealized losses in asset-backed securities were caused by interest rate changes.  The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than par which will equal amortized cost at maturity.  CTBI does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost.

Note 4 – Loans


Major classifications of loans, net of unearned income, deferred loan origination costs and fees, and net premiums on acquired loans, are summarized as follows:

(in thousands)
 
June 30
2022
  
December 31
2021
 
Hotel/motel
 
$
280,956
  
$
257,062
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
354,668
   
335,233
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
758,227
   
757,893
 
Dealer floorplans
  
71,785
   
69,452
 
Commercial other
  
324,091
   
290,478
 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
  
7,788
   
47,335
 
Commercial loans
  
1,797,515
   
1,757,453
 
         
Real estate mortgage
  
793,249
   
767,185
 
Home equity lines
  
110,828
   
106,667
 
Residential loans
  
904,077
   
873,852
 
         
Consumer direct
  
159,791
   
156,683
 
Consumer indirect
  
697,060
   
620,825
 
Consumer loans
  
856,851
   
777,508
 
         
Loans and lease financing
 
$
3,558,443
  
$
3,408,813
 


The loan portfolios presented above are net of unearned fees and unamortized premiums.  Unearned fees included above totaled $1.3 million as of June 30, 2022 and $4.0 million as of December 31, 2021 while the unamortized premiums on the indirect lending portfolio totaled $27.1 million as of June 30, 2022 and $24.1 million as of December 31, 2021.


CTBI has segregated and evaluates its loan portfolio through ten portfolio segments with similar risk characteristics. CTBI serves customers in small and mid-sized communities in eastern, northeastern, central, and south central Kentucky, southern West Virginia, and northeastern Tennessee.  Therefore, CTBI’s exposure to credit risk is significantly affected by changes in these communities.


Hotel/motel loans are a significant concentration for CTBI, representing approximately 7.9% of total loans. This industry has unique risk characteristics as it is highly susceptible to changes in the domestic and global economic environments, which can cause the industry to experience substantial volatility. Additionally, any hotel/motel construction loans would be included in this segment as CTBI’s construction loans are primarily completed as one loan going from construction to permanent financing. These loans are originated based on the borrower’s ability to service the debt and secondarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.


Commercial real estate residential loans are commercial purpose construction and permanent financed loans for commercial purpose 1-4family/multi-family properties. These loans are originated based on the borrower’s ability to service the debt and secondarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.

16


Commercial real estate nonresidential loans are secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties, farmland, and other commercial real estate. These loans are originated based on the borrower’s ability to service the debt and secondarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Construction for commercial real estate nonresidential loans are also included in this segment as these loans are generally one loan for construction to permanent financing.


Dealer floorplans consist of loans to dealerships to finance inventory and are collateralized under a blanket security agreement and without specific liens on individual units.  This risk is mitigated by the use of periodic inventory audits.  These audits are performed monthly and follow up is required on any out of compliance items identified.  These audits are subject to increasing frequency when fact patterns suggest more scrutiny is required.


 Commercial other loans consist of agricultural loans, receivable financing, loans to financial institutions, loans for purchasing or carrying securities, and other commercial purpose loans.  Commercial loans are underwritten based on the borrower’s ability to service debt from the business’s underlying cash flows.  As a general practice, we obtain collateral such as equipment, or other assets, although such loans may be uncollateralized but guaranteed.


CTBI’s participation in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) established by the CARES Act resulted in the creation of a new loan segment of unsecured commercial other loans that are one hundred percent guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”).  These loans, which are subject to forgiveness, have maturities of either two or three to five years, depending on when the loan was made.  These loans currently have no allowance for credit losses.


Residential real estate loans are a mixture of fixed rate and adjustable rate first and second lien residential mortgage loans and also include real estate construction loans which are typically for owner-occupied properties.  The terms of the real estate construction loans are generally short-term with permanent financing upon completion.  As a policy, CTBI holds adjustable rate loans and sells the majority of its fixed rate first lien mortgage loans into the secondary market.  Changes in interest rates or market conditions may impact a borrower’s ability to meet contractual principal and interest payments.  Residential real estate loans are secured by real property.


Home equity lines are primarily revolving adjustable rate credit lines secured by real property.


Consumer direct loans are a mixture of fixed rate and adjustable rate products comprised of unsecured loans, consumer revolving credit lines, deposit secured loans, and all other consumer purpose loans.


Consumer indirect loans are fixed rate loans secured by automobiles, trucks, vans, and recreational vehicles originated at the selling dealership underwritten and purchased by CTBI’s indirect lending department.  Both new and used products are financed.  Only dealers who have executed dealer agreements with CTBI participate in the indirect lending program.


Not included in the loan balances above were loans held for sale in the amount of $0.9 million at June 30, 2022 and $2.6 million at December 31, 2021.

17


The following tables present the balance in the ACL for the periods ended June 30, 2022, December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2021:


 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
(in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  
Provision Charged to Expense
  
Losses
Charged Off
  
Recoveries
  
Ending Balance
 
ACL
               
Hotel/motel
 
$
4,711
  
$
133
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
4,844
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4,070
   
124
   
0
   
6
   
4,200
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
9,169
   
(223
)
  
0
   
22
   
8,968
 
Dealer floorplans
  
1,519
   
(42
)
  
0
   
0
   
1,477
 
Commercial other
  
4,844
   
(285
)
  
(187
)
  
101
   
4,473
 
Real estate mortgage
  
7,662
   
586
   
(84
)
  
15
   
8,179
 
Home equity
  
819
   
71
   
(5
)
  
2
   
887
 
Consumer direct
  
1,787
   
(65
)
  
(175
)
  
74
   
1,621
 
Consumer indirect
  
7,728
   
(222
)
  
(377
)
  
566
   
7,695
 
Total
 
$
42,309
  
$
77
  
$
(828
)
 
$
786
  
$
42,344
 

 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
(in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  
Provision Charged to Expense
  
Losses
Charged Off
  
Recoveries
  
Ending Balance
 
ACL
               
Hotel/motel
 
$
5,080
  
$
(20
)
 
$
(216
)
 
$
0
  
$
4,844
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
3,986
   
234
   
(31
)
  
11
   
4,200
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
8,884
   
(49
)
  
0
   
133
   
8,968
 
Dealer floorplans
  
1,436
   
41
   
0
   
0
   
1,477
 
Commercial other
  
4,422
   
193
   
(344
)
  
202
   
4,473
 
Real estate mortgage
  
7,637
   
683
   
(177
)
  
36
   
8,179
 
Home equity
  
866
   
38
   
(24
)
  
7
   
887
 
Consumer direct
  
1,951
   
(245
)
  
(345
)
  
260
   
1,621
 
Consumer indirect
  
7,494
   
77
   
(1,011
)
  
1,135
   
7,695
 
Total
 
$
41,756
  
$
952
  
$
(2,148
)
 
$
1,784
  
$
42,344
 

 
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  
Provision Charged to Expense
  
Losses
Charged Off
  
Recoveries
  
Ending Balance
 
ACL
               
Hotel/motel
 
$
6,356
  
$
(1,276
)
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
5,080
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4,464
   
(488
)
  
(28
)
  
38
   
3,986
 
Commercial real estate
nonresidential
  
11,086
   
(2,233
)
  
(306
)
  
337
   
8,884
 
Dealer floorplans
  
1,382
   
54
   
0
   
0
   
1,436
 
Commercial other
  
4,289
   
388
   
(644
)
  
389
   
4,422
 
Real estate mortgage
  
7,832
   
3
   
(266
)
  
68
   
7,637
 
Home equity
  
844
   
39
   
(36
)
  
19
   
866
 
Consumer direct
  
1,863
   
256
   
(684
)
  
516
   
1,951
 
Consumer indirect
  
9,906
   
(3,129
)
  
(2,361
)
  
3,078
   
7,494
 
Total
 
$
48,022
  
$
(6,386
)
 
$
(4,325
)
 
$
4,445
  
$
41,756
 

18

 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  
Provision Charged to Expense
  
Losses
Charged Off
  
Recoveries
  
Ending Balance
 
ACL
               
Hotel/motel
 
$
6,664
  
$
(990
)
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
5,674
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4,641
   
(845
)
  
0
   
0
   
3,796
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
10,813
   
(1,798
)
  
0
   
293
   
9,308
 
Dealer floorplans
  
1,318
   
(57
)
  
0
   
0
   
1,261
 
Commercial other
  
4,571
   
43
   
(118
)
  
78
   
4,574
 
Real estate mortgage
  
7,143
   
745
   
(186
)
  
6
   
7,708
 
Home equity
  
750
   
(68
)
  
(14
)
  
5
   
673
 
Consumer direct
  
1,811
   
(185
)
  
(154
)
  
163
   
1,635
 
Consumer indirect
  
7,635
   
(1,102
)
  
(476
)
  
1,009
   
7,066
 
Total
 
$
45,346
  
$
(4,257
)
 
$
(948
)
 
$
1,554
  
$
41,695
 

 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance
  
Provision Charged to Expense
  
Losses
Charged Off
  
Recoveries
  
Ending Balance
 
ACL
               
Hotel/motel
 
$
6,356
  
$
(682
)
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
5,674
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4,464
   
(646
)
  
(24
)
  
2
   
3,796
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
11,086
   
(1,933
)
  
(151
)
  
306
   
9,308
 
Dealer floorplans
  
1,382
   
(121
)
  
0
   
0
   
1,261
 
Commercial other
  
4,289
   
312
   
(230
)
  
203
   
4,574
 
Real estate mortgage
  
7,832
   
55
   
(194
)
  
15
   
7,708
 
Home equity
  
844
   
(161
)
  
(19
)
  
9
   
673
 
Consumer direct
  
1,863
   
(199
)
  
(308
)
  
279
   
1,635
 
Consumer indirect
  
9,906
   
(3,381
)
  
(1,492
)
  
2,033
   
7,066
 
Total
 
$
48,022
  
$
(6,756
)
 
$
(2,418
)
 
$
2,847
  
$
41,695
 



CTBI derived its ACL balance by using vintage modeling for the consumer and residential portfolios.  Static pool models incorporating losses by credit risk rating were developed to determine credit loss balances for the commercial loan segments.


Qualitative loss factors are based on CTBI’s judgment of delinquency trends, level of nonperforming loans, trend in loan losses, supervision and administration, quality control exceptions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts based on unemployment rates and industry concentrations.  CTBI has determined that 12 months represents a reasonable and supportable forecast period and reverts back to a historical loss rate immediately. CTBI leverages economic projections from a reputable and independent third party to form its loss driver forecasts over the 12 month forecast period. Other internal and external indicators of economic forecasts are also considered by CTBI when developing the forecast metrics.


CTBI also has an inherent model risk allocation included in its ACL calculation to allow for certain known model limitations as well as other potential risks not quantified elsewhere.  Management has identified the following known model limitations and made adjustments through this portion of the calculation for them:

(1) The inability to completely identify revolving lines of credit within the commercial other segment.  Management had to make assumptions regarding commercial renewals as those renewals are not tracked well by its loan system.

(2) The inability within the model to estimate the value of modifications made under TDRs.  Management has manually calculated the estimated impact based on research of modified terms for TDRs.

19


With the continued impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic, including the current historically high rate of inflation, the significant rising rate environment, and the fact that there is no immediate end foreseen, this has been identified as a significant specific event that could impact our customers’ ability to pay.  Given this uncertainty, management continues to have a significant event qualitative factor to anticipate the continued impact of COVID-19 as deferments have ended and the SBA Paycheck Protection Programs are largely over with no approved capacity to fund new loans.



Provision for credit losses for the quarter was $0.1 million, compared to provision of $0.9million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and a recovery of provision of $4.3 million for the second quarter 2021.  Year-to-date provision was $1.0 million compared to a recovery of $6.8 million during the first six months of 2021.  Our reserve coverage (allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans) at June 30, 2022 was 305.9%, compared to 309.1% at March 31, 2022 and 197.2% at June 30, 2021.  Our credit loss reserve as a percentage of total loans outstanding at June 30, 2022 was 1.19% (1.19% excluding PPP loans) compared to 1.20% at March 31, 2022 (1.21% excluding PPP loans) and 1.21% at June 30, 2021 (1.27% excluding PPP loans).


Nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due and still accruing segregated by class of loans for both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were as follows:

 
June 30, 2022
 
 (in thousands)
 
Nonaccrual Loans
with No ACL
  
Nonaccrual Loans
with ACL
  
90+ and Still
Accruing
  
Total
Nonperforming
Loans
 
             
Hotel/motel
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
   
423
   
341
   
764
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
2,376
   
1,157
   
672
   
4,205
 
Commercial other
  
0
   
232
   
49
   
281
 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
  0   0   0   0 
Total commercial loans
  
2,376
   
1,812
   
1,062
   
5,250
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  
0
   
4,207
   
3,306
   
7,513
 
Home equity lines
  
0
   
429
   
384
   
813
 
Total residential loans
  
0
   
4,636
   
3,690
   
8,326
 
                 
Consumer direct
  
0
   
0
   
32
   
32
 
Consumer indirect
  
0
   
0
   
234
   
234
 
Total consumer loans
  
0
   
0
   
266
   
266
 
                 
Loans and lease financing
 
$
2,376
  
$
6,448
  
$
5,018
  
$
13,842
 

20


 
December 31, 2021
 
 (in thousands)
 
Nonaccrual Loans
with No ACL
  
Nonaccrual Loans
with ACL
  
90+ and Still
Accruing
  
Total
Nonperforming
Loans
 
             
Hotel/motel
 
$
0
  
$
1,075
  
$
0
  
$
1,075
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
   
585
   
312
   
897
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
2,447
   
1,602
   
144
   
4,193
 
Commercial other
  
0
   
302
   
76
   
378
 
Total commercial loans
  
2,447
   
3,564
   
532
   
6,543
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  
0
   
4,081
   
4,659
   
8,740
 
Home equity lines
  
0
   
579
   
513
   
1,092
 
Total residential loans
  
0
   
4,660
   
5,172
   
9,832
 
                 
Consumer direct
  
0
   
0
   
44
   
44
 
Consumer indirect
  
0
   
0
   
206
   
206
 
Total consumer loans
  
0
   
0
   
250
   
250
 
                 
Loans and lease financing
 
$
2,447
  
$
8,224
  
$
5,954
  
$
16,625
 

Discussion of the Nonaccrual Policy



The accrual of interest income on loans is discontinued when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions, collateral value, and collection efforts, that the borrower’s financial condition is such that the collection of interest is doubtful.  Cash payments received on nonaccrual loans generally are applied against principal, and interest income is only recorded once principal recovery is reasonably assured.  Any loans greater than 90 dayspast due must be well secured and in the process of collection to continue accruing interest.  See Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion on our nonaccrual policy.


The following tables present CTBI’s loan portfolio aging analysis, segregated by class, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

 
June 30, 2022
 
(in thousands)
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
  
60-89
Days Past
Due
  
90+ Days
Past Due
  
Total
Past Due
  
Current
  
Total Loans
 
Hotel/motel
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
280,956
  
$
280,956
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
430
   
127
   
718
   
1,275
   
353,393
   
354,668
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
321
   
186
   
3,730
   
4,237
   
753,990
   
758,227
 
Dealer floorplans
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
71,785
   
71,785
 
Commercial other
  
522
   
46
   
69
   
637
   
323,454
   
324,091
 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
  
0
   
3
   
0
   
3
   
7,785
   
7,788
 
Total commercial loans
  
1,273
   
362
   
4,517
   
6,152
   
1,791,363
   
1,797,515
 
                         
Real estate mortgage
  
1,257
   
3,614
   
5,840
   
10,711
   
782,538
   
793,249
 
Home equity lines
  
657
   
185
   
712
   
1,554
   
109,274
   
110,828
 
Total residential loans
  
1,914
   
3,799
   
6,552
   
12,265
   
891,812
   
904,077
 
                         
Consumer direct
  
517
   
71
   
31
   
619
   
159,172
   
159,791
 
Consumer indirect
  
2,921
   
580
   
234
   
3,735
   
693,325
   
697,060
 
Total consumer loans
  
3,438
   
651
   
265
   
4,354
   
852,497
   
856,851
 
                         
Loans and lease financing
 
$
6,625
  
$
4,812
  
$
11,334
  
$
22,771
  
$
3,535,672
  
$
3,558,443
 

21


 
December 31, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
  
60-89
Days
Past Due
  
90+ Days
Past Due
  
Total
Past Due
  
Current
  
Total Loans
 
Hotel/motel
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
257,062
  
$
257,062
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
274
   
116
   
845
   
1,235
   
333,998
   
335,233
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
1,303
   
147
   
3,509
   
4,959
   
752,934
   
757,893
 
Dealer floorplans
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
69,452
   
69,452
 
Commercial other
  
1,225
   
175
   
108
   
1,508
   
288,970
   
290,478
 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
  
14
   
34
   
0
   
48
   
47,287
   
47,335
 
Total commercial loans
  
2,816
   
472
   
4,462
   
7,750
   
1,749,703
   
1,757,453
 
                         
Real estate mortgage
  
1,171
   
2,707
   
6,859
   
10,737
   
756,448
   
767,185
 
Home equity lines
  
656
   
315
   
903
   
1,874
   
104,793
   
106,667
 
Total residential loans
  
1,827
   
3,022
   
7,762
   
12,611
   
861,241
   
873,852
 
                         
Consumer direct
  
396
   
179
   
44
   
619
   
156,064
   
156,683
 
Consumer indirect
  
2,889
   
533
   
206
   
3,628
   
617,197
   
620,825
 
Total consumer loans
  
3,285
   
712
   
250
   
4,247
   
773,261
   
777,508
 
                         
Loans and lease financing
 
$
7,928
  
$
4,206
  
$
12,474
  
$
24,608
  
$
3,384,205
  
$
3,408,813
 


The risk characteristics of CTBI’s material portfolio segments are as follows:


Hotel/motel loans are a significant concentration for CTBI, representing approximately 7.9% of total loans.  This industry has unique risk characteristics as it is highly susceptible to changes in the domestic and global economic environments, which can cause the industry to experience substantial volatility.  These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.  Hotel/motel lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan.  Management monitors and evaluates all commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria.  Commercial construction loans generally are made to customers for the purpose of building income-producing properties, and any hotel/motel construction loan would be included in this segment.  Personal guarantees of the principals are generally required.  Such loans are made on a projected cash flow basis and are secured by the project being constructed.  Construction loan draw procedures are included in each specific loan agreement, including required documentation items and inspection requirements.  Construction loans may convert to term loans at the end of the construction period, or may be repaid by the take-out commitment from another financing source.  If the loan is to convert to a term loan, the repayment ability is based on the borrower’s projected cash flow.  Risk is mitigated during the construction phase by requiring proper documentation and inspections whenever a draw is requested.  Loans in amounts greater than $500,000 generally require a performance bond to be posted by the general contractor to assure completion of the project.


Commercial real estate residential loans are commercial purpose construction and permanent financed loans for commercial purpose 1-4 family/multi-family properties.  All commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.  Management monitors and evaluates all commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria.  Commercial residential construction loans generally are made to customers for the purpose of building income-producing properties.  Personal guarantees of the principals are generally required.  Such loans are made on a projected cash flow basis and are secured by the project being constructed.  Construction loan draw procedures are included in each specific loan agreement, including required documentation items and inspection requirements.  Construction loans may convert to term loans at the end of the construction period, or may be repaid by the take-out commitment from another financing source.  If the loan is to convert to a term loan, the repayment ability is based on the borrower’s projected cash flow.  Risk is mitigated during the construction phase by requiring proper documentation and inspections whenever a draw is requested.  Loans in amounts greater than $500,000 generally require a performance bond to be posted by the general contractor to assure completion of the project.

22


Commercial real estate nonresidential loans are secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties, farmland, and other commercial real estate.  Construction for commercial real estate nonresidential loans are also included in this segment as these loans are generally one loan for construction to permanent financing.  All commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.  Management monitors and evaluates all commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria.  Commercial nonresidential construction loans generally are made to customers for the purpose of building income-producing properties.  Personal guarantees of the principals are generally required.  Such loans are made on a projected cash flow basis and are secured by the project being constructed.  Construction loan draw procedures are included in each specific loan agreement, including required documentation items and inspection requirements.  Construction loans may convert to term loans at the end of the construction period, or may be repaid by the take-out commitment from another financing source.  If the loan is to convert to a term loan, the repayment ability is based on the borrower’s projected cash flow.  Risk is mitigated during the construction phase by requiring proper documentation and inspections whenever a draw is requested.  Loans in amounts greater than $500,000 generally require a performance bond to be posted by the general contractor to assure completion of the project.


Dealer floorplans are segmented separately as they are a unique product with unique risk factors. CTBI maintains strict processing procedures over its floorplan product with any exceptions requested by a loan officer approved by the appropriate loan committee and the floorplan manager.


Commercial other loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower.  The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value.  Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis.  In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers.  As we underwrite our equipment lease financing in a manner similar to our commercial loan portfolio described below, the risk characteristics for this portfolio mirror that of the commercial loan portfolio.


CTBI’s participation in the CARES Act PPP loan program has resulted in a new loan segment of unsecured commercial other loans that are one hundred percent guaranteed by the SBA. These loans, which are subject to forgiveness, have maturities of either two or three to five years, depending on when the loans were made.  These loans currently have no allowance for credit losses.


With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences and are generally owner occupied, CTBI generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded.  Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences. Residential construction loans are handled through the home mortgage area of the bank.  The repayment ability of the borrower and the maximum loan-to-value ratio are calculated using the normal mortgage lending criteria.  Draws are processed based on percentage of completion stages including normal inspection procedures.  Such loans generally convert to term loans after the completion of construction.


Consumer loans are secured by consumer assets such as automobiles or recreational vehicles.  Some consumer loans are unsecured such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit.  Our determination of a borrower’s ability to repay these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas such as unemployment levels.  Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties.  Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers.

23


The indirect lending area of the bank generally deals with purchasing/funding consumer contracts with new and used automobile dealers.  The dealers generate consumer loan applications which are forwarded to the indirect loan processing area for approval or denial.  Loan approvals or denials are based on the creditworthiness and repayment ability of the borrower, and on the collateral value.  The dealers may have limited recourse agreements with CTB.

Credit Quality Indicators:


CTBI categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors.  CTBI also considers the fair value of the underlying collateral and the strength and willingness of the guarantor(s).  CTBI analyzes commercial loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk.  Loans classified as loss, doubtful, substandard, or special mention are reviewed quarterly by CTBI for further deterioration or improvement to determine if appropriately classified and valued if deemed impaired.  All other commercial loan reviews are completed every 12to 18 months.  In addition, during the renewal process of any loan, as well as if a loan becomes past due or if other information becomes available, CTBI will evaluate the loan grade.  CTBI uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Pass grades include investment grade, low risk, moderate risk, and acceptable risk loans.  The loans range from loans that have no chance of resulting in a loss to loans that have a limited chance of resulting in a loss.  Customers in this grade have excellent to fair credit ratings.  The cash flows are adequate to meet required debt repayments.

Watch graded loans are loans that warrant extra management attention but are not currently criticized.  Loans on the watch list may be potential troubled credits or may warrant “watch” status for a reason not directly related to the asset quality of the credit.  The watch grade is a management tool to identify credits which may be candidates for future classification or may temporarily warrant extra management monitoring.

Other assets especially mentioned (OAEM) reflects loans that are currently protected but are potentially weak.  These loans constitute an undue and unwarranted credit risk but not to the point of justifying a classification of substandard.  The credit risk may be relatively minor yet constitute an unwarranted risk in light of circumstances surrounding a specific asset. Loans in this grade display potential weaknesses which may, if unchecked or uncorrected, inadequately protect CTBI’s credit position at some future date.  The loans may be adversely affected by economic or market conditions.

Substandard grading indicates that the loan is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged.  These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of the debt with the distinct possibility that CTBI will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful graded loans have the weaknesses inherent in the substandard grading with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.  The probability of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors which may work to CTBI’s advantage or strengthen the asset(s), its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.  Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and refinancing plans.

24


The following tables present the credit risk profile of CTBI’s commercial loan portfolio based on rating category and payment activity, segregated by class of loans and based on last credit decision or year of origination:

June 30, 2022
 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
 
(inthousands)
 
2022
  
2021
  
2020
  
2019
  
2018
  
Prior
  
Revolving
Loans
  
Total
 
Hotel/motel
                        
Risk rating:
                        
Pass
 
$
58,139
  
$
28,894
  
$
17,852
  
$
55,356
  
$
18,441
  
$
38,120
  
$
0
  
$
216,802
 
Watch
  
3,908
   
9,069
   
5,559
   
5,983
   
11,962
   
25,670
   0   
62,151
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
2,003
   
0
   
2,003
 
Substandard
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total hotel/motel
 
62,047
  

37,963
  

23,411
  

61,339
  

30,403
  
65,793
  

0
  

280,956
 
                                 
Commercial real estate residential
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

68,934
  

127,149
  

42,594
  

16,652
  

13,499
  

45,711
  

10,884
  

325,423
 
Watch
  
2,881
   
663
   
3,025
   
1,344
   
2,123
   
7,820
   
45
   
17,901
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
15
   
0
   
15
 
Substandard
  
315
   
4,467
   
1,833
   
374
   
1,661
   
2,455
   
224
   
11,329
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial real estate residential
 

72,130
  

132,279
  

47,452
  

18,370
  

17,283
  

56,001
  

11,153
  

354,668
 
                                 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

84,474
  

210,069
  

92,399
  

78,345
  

46,995
  

168,186
  

23,741
  

704,209
 
Watch
  
2,618
   
4,361
   
3,304
   
2,451
   
1,542
   
12,155
   
1,010
   
27,441
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
101
   
20
   
121
 
Substandard
  
1,385
   
4,791
   
5,024
   
3,094
   
1,018
   
10,812
   
25
   
26,149
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
307
   
0
   
307
 
Total commercial real estate nonresidential
 

88,477
  

219,221
  

100,727
  

83,890
  

49,555
  

191,561
  

24,796
  

758,227
 
                                 
Dealer floorplans
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

71,398
  

71,398
 
Watch
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
387
   
387
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Substandard
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total dealer floorplans
 

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

71,785
  

71,785
 
                                 
Commercial other
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

50,382
  

63,584
  

38,128
  

11,490
  

28,379
  

26,997
  

78,536
  

297,496
 
Watch
  
1,118
   
541
   
614
   
333
   
362
   
1,075
   
6,902
   
10,945
 
OAEM
  
0
   
32
   
0
   
0
   
2
   
0
   
30
   
64
 
Substandard
  
958
   
6,630
   
1,191
   
1,168
   
221
   
744
   
4,674
   
15,586
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial other
 

52,458
  

70,787
  

39,933
  

12,991
  

28,964
  

28,816
  

90,142
  

324,091
 
                                 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

0
  

7,785
  

3
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

7,788
 
Watch
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Substandard
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial unsecured SBA PPP
 

0
  

7,785
  

3
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

7,788
 
                                 
Commercial loans
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

261,929
  

437,481
  

190,976
  

161,843
  

107,314
  

279,014
  

184,559
  

1,623,116
 
Watch
  
10,525
   
14,634
   
12,502
   
10,111
   
15,989
   
46,720
   
8,344
   
118,825
 
OAEM
  
0
   
32
   
0
   
0
   
2
   
2,119
   
50
   
2,203
 
Substandard
  
2,658
   
15,888
   
8,048
   
4,636
   
2,900
   
14,011
   
4,923
   
53,064
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
307
   
0
   
307
 
Total commercial loans
 
$
275,112
  
$
468,035
  
$
211,526
  
$
176,590
  
$
126,205
  
$
342,171
  
$
197,876
  
$
1,797,515
 

25


December 31, 2021
 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
 
(inthousands)
 
2021
  
2020
  
2019
  
2018
  
2017
  
Prior
  
Revolving
Loans
  
Total
 
Hotel/motel
                        
Risk rating:
                        
Pass
 
$
42,056
  
$
11,231
  
$
53,713
  
$
18,752
  
$
32,765
  
$
20,087
  
$
0
  
$
178,604
 
Watch
  
9,234
   
14,021
   
8,813
   
8,780
   
2,678
   
30,502
   
0
   
74,028
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Substandard
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
3,355
   
1,075
   
0
   
0
   
4,430
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total hotel/motel
 

51,290
  

25,252
  

62,526
  

30,887
  

36,518
  

50,589
  

0
  

257,062
 
                                 
Commercial real estate residential
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

142,364
  

54,380
  

22,320
  

19,826
  

11,919
  

45,791
  

9,544
  

306,144
 
Watch
  
2,643
   
2,359
   
1,962
   
2,119
   
554
   
6,949
   
156
   
16,742
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
16
   
0
   
0
   
16
 
Substandard
  
4,822
   
1,990
   
620
   
1,835
   
596
   
2,468
   
0
   
12,331
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial real estate residential
 

149,829
  

58,729
  

24,902
  

23,780
  

13,085
  

55,208
  

9,700
  

335,233
 
                                 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

214,563
  

99,131
  

82,386
  

57,397
  

55,422
  

168,533
  

22,389
  

699,821
 
Watch
  
5,130
   
2,865
   
3,981
   
2,802
   
3,655
   
11,828
   
767
   
31,028
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
178
   
20
   
198
 
Substandard
  
5,201
   
5,098
   
3,764
   
600
   
2,016
   
9,659
   
200
   
26,538
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
308
   
0
   
308
 
Total commercial real estate nonresidential
 

224,894
  

107,094
  

90,131
  

60,799
  

61,093
  

190,506
  

23,376
  

757,893
 
                                 
Dealer floorplans
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

69,105
  

69,105
 
Watch
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
347
   
347
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Substandard
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total dealer floorplans
 

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

69,452
  

69,452
 
                                 
Commercial other
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

72,650
  

43,838
  

16,495
  

29,858
  

9,105
  

13,346
  

75,119
  

260,411
 
Watch
  
7,196
   
1,967
   
1,582
   
599
   
332
   
1,071
   
11,792
   
24,539
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
268
   
383
   
12
   
1
   
482
   
1,146
 
Substandard
  
1,600
   
1,589
   
147
   
184
   
287
   
451
   
124
   
4,382
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial other
 

81,446
  

47,394
  

18,492
  

31,024
  

9,736
  

14,869
  

87,517
  

290,478
 
                                 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

46,227
  

1,108
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

47,335
 
Watch
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Substandard
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial unsecured SBA PPP
 

46,227
  

1,108
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

47,335
 
                                 
Commercial loans
                                
Risk rating:
                                
Pass
 

517,860
  

209,688
  

174,914
  

125,833
  

109,211
  

247,757
  

176,157
  

1,561,420
 
Watch
  
24,203
   
21,212
   
16,338
   
14,300
   
7,219
   
50,350
   
13,062
   
146,684
 
OAEM
  
0
   
0
   
268
   
383
   
28
   
179
   
502
   
1,360
 
Substandard
  
11,623
   
8,677
   
4,531
   
5,974
   
3,974
   
12,578
   
324
   
47,681
 
Doubtful
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
308
   
0
   
308
 
Total commercial loans
 
$
553,686
  
$
239,577
  
$
196,051
  
$
146,490
  
$
120,432
  
$
311,172
  
$
190,045
  
$
1,757,453
 

26


The following tables present the credit risk profile of CTBI’s residential real estate and consumer loan portfolios based on performing or nonperforming status, segregated by class:

June 30, 2022
 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
 
(in thousands)
 
2022
  
2021
  
2020
  
2019
  
2018
  
Prior
  
Revolving
Loans
  
Total
 
Home equity lines
                        
Performing
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
11,986
  
$
98,029
  
$
110,015
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
469
   
344
   
813
 
Total home equity lines
 

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  

12,455
  

98,373
  

110,828
 
                                 
Mortgage loans
                                
Performing
 

94,529
  

190,170
  

142,645
  

66,499
  

32,630
  

259,263
  

0
  

785,736
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
167
   
77
   
323
   
412
   
6,534
   
0
   
7,513
 
Total mortgage loans
 

94,529
  

190,337
  

142,722
  

66,822
  

33,042
  

265,797
  

0
  

793,249
 
                                 
Residential loans
                                
Performing
 

94,529
  

190,170
  

142,645
  

66,499
  

32,630
  

271,249
  

98,029
  

895,751
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
167
   
77
   
323
   
412
   
7,003
   
344
   
8,326
 
Total residential loans
 
$
94,529
  
$
190,337
  
$
142,722
  
$
66,822
  
$
33,042
  
$
278,252
  
$
98,373
  
$
904,077
 
                                 
Consumer direct loans
                                
Performing
 
$
38,166
  
$
54,692
  
$
30,692
  
$
14,493
  
$
8,251
  
$
13,465
  
$
0
  
$
159,759
 
Nonperforming
  
29
   
1
   
2
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
32
 
Total consumer direct loans
 

38,195
  

54,693
  

30,694
  

14,493
  

8,251
  

13,465
  

0
  

159,791
 
                                 
Consumer indirect loans
                                
Performing
 

223,710
  

207,562
  

148,495
  

60,781
  

38,395
  

17,883
  

0
  

696,826
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
118
   
34
   
56
   
11
   
15
   
0
   
234
 
Total consumer indirect loans
 

223,710
  

207,680
  

148,529
  

60,837
  

38,406
  

17,898
  

0
  

697,060
 
                                 
Consumer loans
                                
Performing
 

261,876
  

262,254
  

179,187
  

75,274
  

46,646
  

31,348
  

0
  

856,585
 
Nonperforming
  
29
   
119
   
36
   
56
   
11
   
15
   
0
   
266
 
Total consumer loans
 
$
261,905
  
$
262,373
  
$
179,223
  
$
75,330
  
$
46,657
  
$
31,363
  
$
0
  
$
856,851
 

27


December 31, 2021
 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
 
(in thousands)
 
2021
  
2020
  
2019
  
2018
  
2017
  
Prior
  
Revolving
Loans
  
Total
 
Home equity lines
                        
Performing
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
10,909
  
$
94,666
  
$
105,575
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
   
520
   
572
   
1,092
 
Total home equity lines
 

0
  

0
  

0
  

0
  
$
0
  

11,429
  

95,238
  

106,667
 
                                 
Mortgage loans
                                
Performing
 

195,731
  

161,471
  

75,792
  

37,188
  

42,597
  

245,666
  

0
  

758,445
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
63
   
424
   
364
   
558
   
7,331
   
0
   
8,740
 
Total mortgage loans
 

195,731
  

161,534
  

76,216
  

37,552
  

43,155
  

252,997
  

0
  

767,185
 
                                 
Residential loans
                                
Performing
 

195,731
  

161,471
  

75,792
  
$
37,188
  

42,597
  

256,575
  

94,666
  

864,020
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
63
   
424
   
364
   
558
   
7,851
   
572
   
9,832
 
Total residential loans
 
$
195,731
  
$
161,534
  
$
76,216
  
$
37,552
  
$
43,155
  
$
264,426
  
$
95,238
  
$
873,852
 
                                 
Consumer direct loans
                                
Performing
 
$
71,626
  
$
39,312
  
$
18,492
  
$
10,468
  
$
4,490
  
$
12,251
  
$
0
  
$
156,639
 
Nonperforming
  
0
   
4
   
3
   
34
   
3
   
0
   
0
   
44
 
Total consumer direct loans
 

71,626
  

39,316
  

18,495
  

10,502
  

4,493
  

12,251
  

0
  

156,683
 
                                 
Consumer indirect loans
                                
Performing
 

263,127
  

190,145
  

80,793
  

54,437
  

23,449
  

8,668
  

0
  

620,619
 
Nonperforming
  
24
   
135
   
20
   
0
   
23
   
4
   
0
   
206
 
Total consumer indirect loans
 

263,151
  

190,280
  

80,813
  

54,437
  

23,472
  

8,672
  

0
  

620,825
 
                                 
Consumer loans
                                
Performing
 

334,753
  

229,457
  

99,285
  

64,905
  

27,939
  

20,919
  

0
  

777,258
 
Nonperforming
  
24
   
139
   
23
   
34
   
26
   
4
   
0
   
250
 
Total consumer loans
 
$
334,777
  
$
229,596
  
$
99,308
  
$
64,939
  
$
27,965
  
$
20,923
  
$
0
  
$
777,508
 

A loan is considered nonperforming if it is 90 days or more past due and/or on nonaccrual.


The total of consumer mortgage loans secured by real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedinghave resumed was $4.3 million at June 30, 2022.  The total of consumer mortgage loans secured by real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings began, but had been suspended, at December 31, 2021 was $2.3 million.

28


In accordance with ASC 326-20-30-2, if a loan does not share risk characteristics with other pooled loans in determining the allowance for credit losses, the loan shall be evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis. Of the loans that CTBI has individually evaluated, the loans listed below by segment are those that are collateral dependent:

 
June 30, 2022
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Recorded
Investment
  
Specific
Reserve
 
Hotel/motel
  
1
  
$
1,196
  
$
0
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4
   
6,957
   
0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
10
   
18,218
   
200
 
Commercial other
  
3
   
10,190
   
550
 
Total collateral dependent loans
  
18
  
$
36,561
  
$
750
 

 
December 31, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Recorded
Investment
  
Specific
Reserve
 
Hotel/motel
  
2
  
$
9,462
  
$
600
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4
   
7,255
   
0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
11
   
19,943
   
200
 
Commercial other
  
1
   
1,113
   
350
 
Total collateral dependent loans
  
18
  
$
37,773
  
$
1,150
 

 
June 30, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Recorded
Investment
  
Specific
Reserve
 
Hotel/motel
  
4
  
$
22,540
  
$
600
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
4
   
7,508
   
0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
12
   
21,837
   
200
 
Commercial other
  
1
   
1,217
   
450
 
Total collateral dependent loans
  
21
  
$
53,102
  
$
1,250
 


The hotel/motel, commercial real estate residential, and commercial real estate nonresidential segments are all collateralized with real estate. One of the threeloans listed in the commercial other segment at June 30, 2022 is collateralized by various chattel, including surface mining equipment, preparation plant equipment, and a first mortgage on a preparation plant, real estate, and improvements. The other two loans in this category are collateralized by accounts receivable, equipment, and inventory.


Certain loans have been modified in TDRs, where economic concessions were granted to borrowers consisting of reductions in the interest rates, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, and forbearances.  Presented below, segregated by class of loans, are TDRs that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2021:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
  
Pre-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Commercial other
  
5
   
5,562
   
0
   
5,562
 
Total commercial loans
  
5
   
5,562
   
0
   
5,562
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  1   305   0   305 
Total residential loans
  1   305   0   305 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
6
  
$
5,867
  
$
0
  
$
5,867
 

29

 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
  
Post-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Commercial other
  
5
   
5,562
   
0
   
5,562
 
Total commercial loans
  
5
   
5,562
   
0
   
5,562
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  1   305   0   305 
Total residential loans
  1   305   0   305 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
6
  
$
5,867
  
$
0
  
$
5,867
 

 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
  
Pre-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
2
   
154
   
0
   
154
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
2
   
245
   
0
   
245
 
Commercial other
  
9
   
6,526
   
0
   
6,526
 
Total commercial loans
  
13
   
6,925
   
0
   
6,925
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  3   305   916   1,221 
Total residential loans
  3   305   916   1,221 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
16
  
$
7,230
  
$
916
  
$
8,146
 

 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
  
Post-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
2
   
154
   
0
   
154
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
2
   
244
   
0
   
244
 
Commercial other
  
9
   
6,525
   
0
   
6,525
 
Total commercial loans
  
13
   
6,923
   
0
   
6,923
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  3   305   916   1,221 
Total residential loans
  3   305   916   1,221 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
16
  
$
7,228
  
$
916
  
$
8,144
 

30

 
Year Ended
December 31, 2021
    
  
Pre-Modification Outstanding Balance
    
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  Other   
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  $0  $ 0 
Commercial real estate residential
  
6
   
388
   
0
   0   388 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
9
   
4,179
   
2,988
   0   7,167 
Commercial other
  
5
   
417
   
0
   0   417 
Total commercial loans
  
20
   
4,984
   
2,988
   0   7,972 
                    
Real estate mortgage
  
3
   
278
   
277
   262   817 
Total residential loans
  
3
   
278
   
277
   262   817 
                    
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
23
  
$
5,262
  
$
3,265
  $262  $ 8,789 

 
Year Ended
December 31, 2021
    
  
Post-Modification Outstanding Balance
    
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  Other   
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  0  $0  $0  $0  $ 0 
Commercial real estate residential
  
6
   
424
   
0
   0   424 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
9
   
4,282
   
3,000
   0   7,282 
Commercial other
  
5
   
340
   
0
   0   340 
Total commercial loans
  
20
   
5,046
   
3,000
   0   8,046 
                    
Real estate mortgage
  
3
   
279
   
277
   262   818 
Total residential loans
  
3
   
279
   
277
   262   818 
                    
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
23
  
$
5,325
  
$
3,277
  $262  $8,864 

 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
  
Pre-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  0  $
0  $0  $
0 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
  

0
  

0
  

0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
4
   
2,081
   
136
   
2,217
 
Commercial other
  
2
   
298
   
0
   
298
 
Total commercial loans
  
6
   
2,379
   
136
   
2,515
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total residential loans
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
6
  
$
2,379
  
$
136
  
$
2,515
 

31

 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
  
Post-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  0  $
0  $0  $
0 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
  

0
  

0
  

0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
4
   
2,086
   
154
   
2,240
 
Commercial other
  
2
   
216
   
0
   
216
 
Total commercial loans
  
6
   
2,302
   
154
   
2,456
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total residential loans
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
6
  
$
2,302
  
$
154
  
$
2,456
 

 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
  
Pre-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  0  $
0  $
0  $
0 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
  

0
  

0
  

0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
5
   
2,081
   
420
   
2,501
 
Commercial other
  
2
   
298
   
0
   
298
 
Total commercial loans
  
7
   
2,379
   
420
   
2,799
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total residential loans
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
7
  
$
2,379
  
$
420
  
$
2,799
 

 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
  
Post-Modification Outstanding Balance
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Loans
  
Term
Modification
  
Combination
  
Total
Modification
 
Hotel/motel
  0  $0  $0  $0 
Commercial real estate residential
  
0
  

0
  

0
  

0
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
5
   
2,086
   
438
   
2,524
 
Commercial other
  
2
   
216
   
0
   
216
 
Total commercial loans
  
7
   
2,302
   
438
   
2,740
 
                 
Real estate mortgage
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total residential loans
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
                 
Total troubled debt restructurings
  
7
  
$
2,302
  
$
438
  
$
2,740
 


No charge-offs have resulted from modifications for any of the presented periods.  We had commitments to extend additional credit in the amount of $37 thousand and $52 thousand at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, on loans that were considered TDRs.

32


Loans retain their accrual status at the time of their modification. As a result, if a loan is on nonaccrual at the time it is modified, it stays as nonaccrual, and if a loan is on accrual at the time of the modification, it generally stays on accrual.  Commercial and consumer loans modified in a TDR are closely monitored for delinquency as an early indicator of possible future default.  If loans modified in a TDR subsequently default, CTBI evaluates the loan for possible further impairment.  The allowance for loan losses may be increased, adjustments may be made in the allocation of the allowance, or partial charge-offs may be taken to further write-down the carrying value of the loan.  Presented below, segregated by class of loans, are loans that were modified as TDRs within the past 12 months which have subsequently defaulted.  CTBI considers a loan in default when it is 90 days or more past due or transferred to nonaccrual.  There were no defaulted restructured loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.


 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2022
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of Loans
 
 
Recorded Balance
 
 
Number of Loans
 
 
Recorded Balance
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hotel/motel
 
 
0
 
 
$
0
 
 
 
0
 
 
$
0
 
Commercial other
 
 
0
 
 
 
0
 
 
 
0
 
 
 
0
 
Residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate mortgage
 
 
0
 
 
 
0
 
 
 
0
 
 
 
0
 
Total defaulted restructured loans
 
 
0
 
 
$
0
 
 
 
0
 
 
$
0
 

  
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2021
  
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
(in thousands)
 
Number of Loans
  
Recorded Balance
  
Number of Loans
  
Recorded Balance
 
Commercial:
            
Hotel/motel
  
1
  
$
1,113
   
1
  
$
1,113
 
Residential:
                
Real estate mortgage
  
1
   
275
   
1
   
275
 
Total defaulted restructured loans
  
2
  
$
1,388
   
2
  
$
1,388
 

Note 5 – Other Real Estate Owned


Activity for other real estate owned was as follows:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30
  
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
(in thousands)
 
2022
  
2021
  
2022
  
2021
 
Beginning balance of other real estate owned
 
$
2,299
  
$
6,224
  
$
3,486
  
$
7,694
 
New assets acquired
  
307
   
421
  
444
   
251
 
Capitalized costs
  73   0   73   0 
Fair value adjustments
  
(23
)
  
(350
)
  
(269
)
  
(504
)
Sale of assets
  
(702
)
  
(447
)
  
(1,780
)
  
(1,593
)
Ending balance of other real estate owned
 
$
1,954
  
$
5,848
  
$
1,954
  
$
5,848
 


Carrying costs and fair value adjustments associated with foreclosed properties for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Carrying costs and fair value adjustments associated with foreclosed properties for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively. See Note 1 for a description of our accounting policies relative to foreclosed properties and other real estate owned.


The major classifications of foreclosed properties are shown in the following table:

(in thousands)
 
June 30
2022
  
December 31
2021
 
1-4 family
 
$
638
  
$
1,130
 
Construction/land development/other
  
449
   
480
 
Multifamily
  
0
   
88
 
Non-farm/non-residential
  
867
   
1,788
 
Total foreclosed properties
 
$
1,954
  
$
3,486
 

33

Note 6 – Repurchase Agreements


We utilize securities sold under agreements to repurchase to facilitate the needs of our customers and provide additional funding to our balance sheet. Repurchase agreements are transactions whereby we offer to sell to a counterparty an undivided interest in an eligible security at an agreed upon purchase price, and which obligates CTBI to repurchase the security on an agreed upon date at an agreed upon repurchase price plus interest at an agreed upon rate. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are recorded at the amount of cash received in connection with the transaction and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.


We monitor collateral levels on a continuous basis and maintain records of each transaction specifically describing the applicable security and the counterparty’s fractional interest in that security, and we segregate the security from its general assets in accordance with regulations governing custodial holdings of securities. The primary risk with our repurchase agreements is market risk associated with the securities securing the transactions, as we may be required to provide additional collateral based on fair value changes of the underlying securities. Securities pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements are maintained with our safekeeping agents. The carrying value of investment securities available-for-sale pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements totaled $288.9 million and $317.1 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.


The remaining contractual maturity of the securities sold under agreements to repurchase by class of collateral pledged included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is presented in the following tables:

 
June 30, 2022
 
  
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
 
(in thousands)
 
Overnight
and
Continuous
  
Up to
30 days
  
30-90 days
  
Greater
Than
90 days
  
Total
 
Repurchase agreements and repurchase-to-maturity transactions:
               
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
4,081
  
$
1,565
  
$
2,151
  
$
10,574
  
$
18,371
 
State and political subdivisions
  
89,371
   
521
   
1,963
   
15,745
   
107,600
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
25,429
   
8,914
   
5,886
   
72,533
   
112,762
 
Total
 
$
118,881
  
$
11,000
  
$
10,000
  
$
98,852
  
$
238,733
 

 
December 31, 2021
 
  
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
 
(in thousands)
 
Overnight
and
Continuous
  
Up to
30 days
  
30-90 days
  
Greater
Than
90 days
  
Total
 
Repurchase agreements and repurchase-to-maturity transactions:
               
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
3,176
  
$
16
  
$
5,400
  
$
10,040
  
$
18,632
 
State and political subdivisions
  
83,375
   
484
   
13,633
   
9,427
   
106,919
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
24,689
   
0
   
85,967
   
34,881
   
145,537
 
Total
 
$
111,240
  
$
500
  
$
105,000
  
$
54,348
  
$
271,088
 

34

Note 7 – Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value Measurements


ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. Fair value measurements must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  In this standard, the FASB clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the exit price when pricing the asset or liability. In support of this principle, ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1 Inputs – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 Inputs – Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 Inputs – Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in determining an exit price for the assets or liabilities.

Recurring Measurements


The following tables present the fair value measurements of assets recognized in the accompanying balance sheets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and indicate the level within the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques.

    
Fair Value Measurements at
June 30, 2022 Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair Value
  
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Assets measured – recurring basis
            
Available-for-sale securities:
            
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
430,277
  
$
386,192
  
$
44,085
  
$
0
 
State and political subdivisions
  
279,226
   
0
   
279,226
   
0
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
601,568
   
0
   
601,568
   
0
 
Asset-backed securities
  
91,056
   
0
   
91,056
   
0
 
Equity securities at fair value
  
2,128
   
0
   
0
   
2,128
 
Mortgage servicing rights
  
8,220
   
0
   
0
   
8,220
 

35


    
Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2021 Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair Value
  
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Assets measured – recurring basis
            
Available-for-sale securities:
            
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
 
$
295,770
  
$
242,214
  
$
53,556
  
$
0
 
State and political subdivisions
  
334,203
   
0
   
334,203
   
0
 
U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities
  
730,809
   
0
   
730,809
   
0
 
Asset-backed securities
  
94,647
   
0
   
94,647
   
0
 
Equity securities at fair value
  
2,253
   
0
   
0
   
2,253
 
Mortgage servicing rights
  
6,774
   
0
   
0
   
6,774
 


Following is a description of the valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. These valuation methodologies were applied to all of CTBI’s financial assets carried at fair value. CTBI had no liabilities measured and recorded at fair value as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques during the quarter ended June 30, 2022. For assets classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the process used to develop the reported fair value is described below.

Available-for-Sale Securities


Securities classified as AFS are reported at fair value on a recurring basis. U.S. Treasury and government agencies are classified as Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy where quoted market prices are available in the active market on which the individual securities are traded.


If quoted market prices are not available, CTBI obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service, such as Interactive Data, which utilizes pricing models to determine fair value measurement. CTBI reviews the pricing quarterly to verify the reasonableness of the pricing.  The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other factors. U.S. Treasury and government agencies, state and political subdivisions, U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities are classified as Level 2 inputs.


In certain cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Fair value determinations for Level 3 measurements are estimated on a quarterly basis where assumptions used are reviewed to ensure the estimated fair value complies with accounting standards generally accepted in the United States.

Equity Securities at Fair Value


As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the only securities owned by CTBI that were valued using Level 3 criteria are Visa Class B Stock (included in equity securities at fair value). Fair value for Visa Class B Stock is determined by an independent third party utilizing assumptions about factors such as quarterly common stock dividend payments, the conversion of the securities to the relevant Class A Stock shares subject to the prevailing conversion rate, and conversion date. We have concluded the third party assumptions, processes, and conclusions to be reasonable and appropriate in determining the fair value of this asset. See the table below for inputs and valuation techniques used for Level 3 equity securities.

36

Mortgage Servicing Rights


Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. CTBI reports MSRs at fair value on a recurring basis with subsequent remeasurement of MSRs based on change in fair value.


In determining fair value, CTBI utilizes the expertise of an independent third party. Accordingly, fair value is determined by the independent third party by utilizing assumptions about factors such as mortgage interest rates, discount rates, mortgage loan prepayment speeds, market trends, and industry demand. Due to the nature of the valuation inputs, MSRs are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Fair value determinations for Level 3 measurements of MSRs are tested for impairment on a quarterly basis where assumptions used are reviewed to ensure the estimated fair value complies with accounting standards generally accepted in the United States. We have reviewed the assumptions, processes, and conclusions of the third party provider. We have determined these assumptions, processes, and conclusions to be reasonable and appropriate in determining the fair value of this asset. See the table below for inputs and valuation techniques used for Level 3 MSRs.

Level 3 Reconciliation


Following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of recurring fair value measurements, for the periods indicated, using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs:


 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2022
  
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
(in thousands) 
Equity
Securities
at Fair
Value
  
Mortgage
Servicing
Rights
  
Equity
Securities
at Fair
Value
  
Mortgage
Servicing
Rights
 
Beginning balance
 
$
2,352
  
$
7,748
  
$
2,243
  
$
5,584
 
Total unrealized gains (losses)
                
Included in net income
  
(224
)
  
468
   
280
   
(129
)
Issues
  
0
   
223
   
0
   
674
 
Settlements
  
0
   
(219
)
  
0
   
(230
)
Ending balance
 
$
2,128
  
$
8,220
  
$
2,523
  
$
5,899
 
                 
Total gains (losses) for the period included in net income attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the reporting date
 
$
(224
)
 
$
468
  
$
280
  
$
(129
)


 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2022
  
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021
 
(in thousands) 
Equity
Securities at Fair Value
  
Mortgage
Servicing
Rights
  
Equity
Securities at Fair Value
  
Mortgage
Servicing
Rights
 
Beginning balance
 
$
2,253
  
$
6,774
  
$
2,471
  
$
4,068
 
Total unrealized gains (losses)
                
Included in net income
  
(125
)
  
1,451
   
52
   
901
Issues
  
0
   
452
   
0
   
1,410
 
Settlements
  
0
   
(457
)
  
0
   
(480
)
Ending balance
 
$
2,128
  
$
8,220
  
$
2,523
  
$
5,899
 
                 
Total gains (losses) for the period included in net income attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to assets still held at the reporting date
 
$
(125
)
 
$
1,451
  
$
52
  
$
901

37


Realized and unrealized gains and losses for items reflected in the table above are included in net income in the consolidated statements of income as follows:

Noninterest Income
      
  
Three Months Ended
  
Six Months Ended
 
  
June 30
  
June 30
 
(in thousands)
 
2022
  
2021
  
2022
  
2021
 
Total gains (losses)
 
$
25
 
$
(79
)
 
$
869
  
$
473

Nonrecurring Measurements


The following tables present the fair value measurements of assets recognized in the accompanying balance sheets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and indicate the level within the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques.

    
Fair Value Measurements at
June 30, 2022 Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair Value
  
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Assets measured – nonrecurring basis
            
Collateral dependent loans
 
$
4,418
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
4,418
 
Other real estate owned
  
621
   
0
   
0
   
621
 


    
Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2021 Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair Value
  
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Assets measured – nonrecurring basis
            
Collateral dependent loans
 
$
1,238
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
1,238
 
Other real estate owned
  
1,487
   
0
   
0
   
1,487
 


Following is a description of the valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheet, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.  For assets classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the process used to develop the reported fair value is described below.

Collateral Dependent Loans


The estimated fair value of collateral-dependent loans is based on the appraised fair value of the collateral, less estimated cost to sell. Collateral-dependent loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.


CTBI considers the appraisal or evaluation as the starting point for determining fair value and then considers other factors and events in the environment that may affect the fair value. Appraisals of the collateral underlying collateral-dependent loans are obtained when the loan is determined to be collateral-dependent and subsequently as deemed necessary by the Chief Credit Officer. Appraisals are reviewed for accuracy and consistency by the Chief Credit Officer. Appraisers are selected from the list of approved appraisers maintained by management. The appraised values are reduced by discounts to consider lack of marketability and estimated cost to sell if repayment or satisfaction of the loan is dependent on the sale of the collateral. These discounts and estimates are developed by the Chief Credit Officer by comparison to historical results.

38


Loans considered collateral dependent are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty in accordance with ASC 326-20-35-5. Quarter-to-date fair value adjustments on collateral- dependent loans disclosed above were $0.3 million, $0.4 million, and $0.5 million for the quarters ended June 30, 2022, December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2021, respectively.  Year-to-date adjustments were $0.2 million, $0.7 million, and $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, the year ended December 31, 2021, and the six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.

Other Real Estate Owned


In accordance with the provisions of ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, other real estate owned (“OREO”) is carried at the lower of fair value at acquisition date or current estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell when the real estate is acquired. Estimated fair value of OREO is based on appraisals or evaluations. OREO is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Long-lived assets are subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments to reflect subsequent partial write-downs that are based on the observable market price or current appraised value of the collateral. Quarter-to-date fair value adjustments on OREO disclosed above were $10 thousand, $0.2 million, and $0.3 million for the quarters ended June 30, 2022, December 31, 2021, and June 30, 2021, respectively.  Year-to-date adjustments were $0.2 million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, for the year ended December 31, 2021, and for the six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.


Our policy for determining the frequency of periodic reviews is based upon consideration of the specific properties and the known or perceived market fluctuations in a particular market and is typically between 12 and 18 months but generally not more than 24 months.  Appraisers are selected from the list of approved appraisers maintained by management.

39

Unobservable (Level 3) Inputs


The following tables present quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.


 
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(in thousands) 
Fair Value at
June 30, 2022
 
Valuation
Technique(s)
Unobservable Input
 
Range
(Weighted
Average)
Equity securities at fair value
 
$
2,128
 
Discount cash flows, computer pricing model
Discount rate
  
8.0% - 12.0%
(10.0%)
        
Conversion date
 
Dec 2024
Dec 2028
(Dec 2026)
          
Mortgage servicing rights
 
$
8,220
 
Discount cash flows, computer pricing model
Constant prepayment rate
  
7.0% - 25.2%
(7.3%)
        
Probability of default
  
0.0% - 100.0%
(1.0%)
        
Discount rate
  
9.5% - 11.6%
(10.0%)
          
Collateral dependent loans
 
$
4,418
 
Market comparable properties
Marketability discount
  
20.0% - 30.0%
(27.0%)
          
Other real estate owned
 
$
621
 
Market comparable properties
Comparability adjustments
  
10.0% - 31.4%
(12.4%)


 
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
 (in thousands)
 
Fair Value at
December 31,
2021
 
Valuation
Technique(s)
Unobservable Input
 
Range
(Weighted
Average)
Equity securities at fair value
 
$
2,253
 
Discount cash flows, computer pricing model
Discount rate
  
8.0% - 12.0%
(10.0%)
        
Conversion date
 
Dec 2024
Dec 2028
(Dec 2026)
          
Mortgage servicing rights
 
$
6,774
 
Discount cash flows, computer pricing model
Constant prepayment rate
  
7.0% - 26.7%
(10.0%)
        
Probability of default
  
0.0% - 75.0%
(1.4%)
        
Discount rate
  
10.0% - 11.5%
(10.1%)
          
Collateral-dependent loans
 
$
1,238
 
Market comparable properties
Marketability discount
  
20.0% - 62.0%
(41.0%)
          
Other real estate owned
 
$
1,487
 
Market comparable properties
Comparability adjustments
  
10.0% - 45.5%
(15.1%)

Uncertainty of Fair Value Measurements


The following is a discussion of the uncertainty of fair value measurements, the interrelationships between those inputs and other unobservable inputs used in recurring fair value measurement, and how those inputs might magnify or mitigate the effect of changes in the unobservable inputs on the fair value measurement.

40

Equity Securities at Fair Value


Fair value for equity securities is derived based on unobservable inputs, such as the discount rate, quarterly dividends payable to the Visa Class B common stock, and the prevailing conversion rate at the conversion date. The most recent conversion rate of 1.6068 and the most recent dividend rate of 0.6026 were used to derive the fair value estimate. Significant increases (decreases) in either of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Generally, a change in the assumption used for discount rate is accompanied by a directionally opposite change in the fair value estimate.

Mortgage Servicing Rights


Fair value for MSRs is derived based on unobservable inputs, such as prepayment speeds of the underlying loans generated using the Andrew Davidson Prepayment Model, FHLMC/FNMA guidelines, the weighted average life of the loan, the discount rate, the weighted average coupon, and the weighted average default rate. Significant increases (decreases) in either of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Generally, a change in the assumption used for prepayment speeds is accompanied by a directionally opposite change in the assumption for interest rates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments


The following table presents estimated fair value of CTBI’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2022 and indicates the level within the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques.  In accordance with the adoption of ASU 2016-01, the fair values as of June 30, 2022 were measured using an exit price notion.

    
Fair Value Measurements
at June 30, 2022 Using
 
(in thousands)
 
Carrying
Amount
  
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Financial assets:
            
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
213,666
  
$
213,666
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Certificates of deposit in other banks
  
245
   
0
   
245
   
0
 
Debt securities available-for-sale
  
1,402,127
   
386,192
   
1,015,935
   
0
 
Equity securities at fair value
  
2,128
   
0
   
0
   
2,128
 
Loans held for sale
  
936
   
957
   
0
   
0
 
Loans, net
  
3,516,099
   
0
   
0
   
3,540,555
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
  
8,139
   
0
   
8,139
   
0
 
Federal Reserve Bank stock
  
4,887
   
0
   
4,887
   
0
 
Accrued interest receivable
  
15,801
   
0
   
15,801
   
0
 
                 
Financial liabilities:
                
Deposits
 
$
4,472,928
  
$
1,408,148
  
$
3,084,034
  
$
0
 
Repurchase agreements
  
238,733
   
0
   
0
   
238,899
 
Federal funds purchased
  
500
   
0
   
500
   
0
 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
  
365
   
0
   
385
   
0
 
Long-term debt
  
57,841
   
0
   
0
   
44,380
 
Accrued interest payable
  
1,863
   
0
   
1,863
   
0
 
                 
Unrecognized financial instruments:
                
Letters of credit
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commitments to extend credit
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Forward sale commitments
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 

41


The following table presents estimated fair value of CTBI’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2021 and indicates the level within the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques.


    
Fair Value Measurements
at December 31, 2021 Using
 
(in thousands) 
Carrying
Amount
  
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Financial assets:
            
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
311,756
  
$
311,756
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Certificates of deposit in other banks
  
245
   
0
   
245
   
0
 
Debt securities available-for-sale
  
1,455,429
   
242,214
   
1,213,215
   
0
 
Equity securities at fair value
  
2,253
   
0
   
0
   
2,253
 
Loans held for sale
  
2,632
   
2,693
   
0
   
0
 
Loans, net
  
3,367,057
   
0
   
0
   
3,480,803
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
  
8,139
   
0
   
8,139
   
0
 
Federal Reserve Bank stock
  
4,887
   
0
   
4,887
   
0
 
Accrued interest receivable
  
15,415
   
0
   
15,415
   
0
 
                 
Financial liabilities:
                
Deposits
 
$
4,344,292
  
$
1,331,103
  
$
3,043,339
  
$
0
 
Repurchase agreements
  
271,088
   
0
   
0
   
271,186
 
Federal funds purchased
  
500
   
0
   
500
   
0
 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
  
375
   
0
   
400
   
0
 
Long-term debt
  
57,841
   
0
   
0
   
45,854
 
Accrued interest payable
  
1,016
   
0
   
1,016
   
0
 
                 
Unrecognized financial instruments:
                
Letters of credit
 
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
  
$
0
 
Commitments to extend credit
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
Forward sale commitments
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
0
 
 
Note 8 – Revenue Recognition


CTBI’s primary source of revenue is interest income generated from loans and investment securities.  Interest income is recognized according to the terms of the financial instrument agreement over the life of the loan or investment security unless it is determined that the counterparty is unable to continue making interest payments.  Interest income also includes prepaid interest fees from commercial customers, which approximates the interest foregone on the balance of the loan prepaid.


CTBI’s additional source of income, also referred to as noninterest income, includes service charges on deposit accounts, gains/losses on the sale of OREO, gains/losses on the sale of property, plant and equipment, trust and wealth management income, loan related fees, brokerage revenue, and other miscellaneous income and is largely based on contracts with customers.  In these cases, CTBI recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. CTBI considers a customer to be any party to which we will provide goods or services that are an output of CTBI’s ordinary activities in exchange for consideration.  There is little seasonality with regards to revenue from contracts with customers and all inter-company revenue is eliminated when CTBI’s financial statements are consolidated.

42


Generally, CTBI enters into contracts with customers that are short-term in nature where the performance obligations are fulfilled and payment is processed at the same time.  Such examples include revenue related to merchant fees, interchange fees, and investment services income.  In addition, revenue generated from existing customer relationships such as deposit accounts are also considered short-term in nature, because the relationship may be terminated at any time and payment is processed at the time performance obligations are fulfilled.  As a result, CTBI does not have contract assets, contract liabilities, or related receivable accounts for contracts with customers.   In cases where collectability is a concern, CTBI does not record revenue.


Generally, the pricing of transactions between CTBI and each customer is either (i) established within a legally enforceable contract between the two parties, as is the case with loan sales, or (ii) disclosed to the customer at a specific point in time, as is the case when a deposit account is opened or before a new loan is underwritten.  Fees are usually fixed at a specific amount or as a percentage of a transaction amount.  No judgment or estimates by management are required to record revenue related to these transactions and pricing is clearly identified within these contracts.


CTBI primarily operates in Kentucky and contiguous areas. Therefore, all significant operating decisions are based upon analysis of CTBI as one operating segment.


We disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers by contract-type and timing of revenue recognition, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.  Noninterest income not generated under accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers during CTBI’s ordinary activities primarily relates to gains on sales of loans, MSRs, gains/losses on the sale of investment securities, and income from bank owned life insurance.


For more information related to our components of noninterest income, see the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income above.

Note 9 – Earnings Per Share


The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

 
Three Months Ended
June 30
  
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
(in thousands except per share data)
 
2022
  
2021
  
2022
  
2021
 
Numerator:
            
Net income
 
$
20,271
  
$
23,931
  
$
39,999
  
$
47,549
 
                 
Denominator:
                
Basic earnings per share:
                
Weighted average shares
  
17,835
   
17,784
   
17,827
   
17,779
 
Diluted earnings per share:
                
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock grants
  
8
   
16
   
11
   
15
 
Adjusted weighted average shares
  
17,843
   
17,800
   
17,838
   
17,794
 
                 
Earnings per share:
                
Basic earnings per share
 
$
1.14
  
$
1.35
  
$
2.24
  
$
2.67
 
Diluted earnings per share
  
1.14
   
1.34
   
2.24
   
2.67
 


There were no options to purchase common shares that were excluded from the diluted calculations above for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.  In addition to in-the-money stock options, unvested restricted stock grants were also used in the calculation of diluted earnings per share based on the treasury method.

43

Note 10 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities


Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) and the affected line items in the statements of income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were:

 
Amounts Reclassified from AOCI
 

 
Three Months Ended
June 30
  
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
(in thousands) 
2022
  
2021
  
2022
  
2021
 
Affected line item in the statements of income
            
Securities gains (losses)
 
$
(1
)
 
$
0
  
$
(1
)
 
$
60
 
Tax expense (benefit)
  
0
   
0
   
0
   
16
 
Total reclassifications out of AOCI
 
$
(1
)
 
$
0
  
$
(1
)
 
$
44
 

Note 11 – Subsequent Events


On July 28, 2022, several counties in eastern Kentucky experienced major flooding.  Five counties in our service area were severely impacted.  The President of the United States signed executive orders providing for Federal Emergency Management Association assistance to individuals in affected counties, including the five in our service area.  Six of our branch locations were impacted by the flooding causing an interruption in service in these areas as we work to repair the damage.  We are still in the process of fully assessing the financial impact of the damage and the impact to our borrowers in affected areas.
44

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand Community Trust Bancorp, Inc. (“CTBI”), our operations, and our present business environment.  The MD&A is provided as a supplement to—and should be read in conjunction with—our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto contained in Part I, Item 1 of this quarterly report, as well as our consolidated financial statements, the accompanying notes thereto, and the related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December, 31, 2021.  The MD&A includes the following sections:

Our Business

Financial Goals and Performance

Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Liquidity and Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

Capital Resources

Impact of Inflation, Changing Prices, and Economic Conditions

Stock Repurchase Program

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our Business

CTBI is a bank holding company headquartered in Pikeville, Kentucky.  Currently, we own one commercial bank, Community Trust Bank, Inc. (“CTB”) and one trust company, Community Trust and Investment Company.  Through our subsidiaries, we have 78 banking locations in eastern, northeastern, central, and south central Kentucky, southern West Virginia, and northeastern Tennessee, four trust offices across Kentucky, and one trust office in northeastern Tennessee.  At June 30, 2022, we had total consolidated assets of $5.4 billion and total consolidated deposits, including repurchase agreements, of $4.7 billion.  Total shareholders’ equity at June 30, 2022 was $632.1 million.  Trust assets under management at June 30, 2022 were $3.3 billion, including CTB’s investment portfolio totaling $1.4 billion.

Through our subsidiaries, CTBI engages in a wide range of commercial and personal banking and trust and wealth management activities, which include accepting time and demand deposits; making secured and unsecured loans to corporations, individuals, and others; providing cash management services to corporate and individual customers; issuing letters of credit; renting safe deposit boxes; and providing funds transfer services.  The lending activities of CTB include making commercial, construction, mortgage, and personal loans.  Lease-financing, lines of credit, revolving lines of credit, term loans, and other specialized loans, including asset-based financing, are also available.  Our corporate subsidiaries act as trustees of personal trusts, as executors of estates, as trustees for employee benefit trusts, as paying agents for bond and stock issues, as investment agent, as depositories for securities, and as providers of full service brokerage, and insurance services.  For further information, see Item 1 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

45

Results of Operations and Financial Condition

We reported earnings for the second quarter 2022 of $20.3 million, or $1.14 per basic share, compared to $19.7 million, or $1.11 per basic share, earned during the first quarter 2022 and $23.9 million, or $1.35 per basic share, earned during the second quarter 2021.  Total revenue was $0.3 million above prior quarter but $0.2 million below prior year same quarter.  Net interest revenue increased $0.8 million compared to prior quarter and prior year same quarter; however, noninterest income decreased $0.5 million compared to prior quarter and $1.0 million compared to prior year same quarter.  The decrease in noninterest income quarter over quarter was primarily the result of a variance in the valuation of our mortgage servicing rights, while the decrease year over year was primarily the result of a decrease in gains on sales of loans.  Provision for credit losses for the quarter was $0.1 million, compared to provision of $0.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and a recovery of provision of $4.3 million for the second quarter 2021.  Noninterest expense increased $0.6 million compared to prior quarter and $0.5 million compared to prior year same quarter.  Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was below prior year by $7.5 million, primarily due to the $6.8 million recovery of provision for credit losses taken in 2021.

Quarterly Highlights

Net interest income for the quarter of $40.8 million was $0.8 million above prior quarter and prior year same quarter.

Provision for loan losses for the quarter was $0.1 million, compared to provision of $0.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and a recovery of provision of $4.3 million for the second quarter 2021.

Our loan portfolio increased $42.9 million, an annualized 4.9%, during the quarter and $149.6 million, an annualized 8.9%, from December 31, 2021.  Loans, excluding Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans, increased $57.6 million during the quarter.

Net loan charge-offs were $42 thousand, less than 0.01% of average loans annualized, for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to net loan charge-offs of $0.3 million, 0.04% of average loans annualized, for the first quarter 2022 and a net recovery of loan charge-offs for the second quarter 2021 of $0.6 million.

Asset quality remains strong from prior quarter as our nonperforming loans, excluding troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”), increased slightly to $13.8 million at June 30, 2022 from $13.7 million at March 31, 2022 but decreased from the $16.6 million at December 31, 2021.  Nonperforming assets at $15.8 million decreased $0.2 million from March 31, 2022 and $4.3 million from December 31, 2021.

Deposits, including repurchase agreements, increased $28.7 million, an annualized 2.5%, during the quarter and $96.3 million, an annualized 4.2%, from December 31, 2021.

Shareholders’ equity declined $21.3 million, an annualized 13.1%, during the quarter and $66.2 million, an annualized 19.1%, from December 31, 2021, as a result of the continued increase in unrealized losses on our securities portfolio.

Noninterest income for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of $14.5 million was $0.5 million, or 3.1%, below prior quarter and $1.0 million, or 6.6%, below prior year same quarter.

Noninterest expense for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of $30.0 million was $0.6 million, or 2.1%, higher than prior quarter and $0.5 million, or 1.6%, above prior year same quarter.

46

Income Statement Review

(dollars in thousands)
   
2022
     
2021
    
Change 2022 vs. 2021
  
Quarter Ended June 30
Amount
  
Percent
Net interest income
 
$
80,822
  
$
80,249
  
$
573
   
0.7
%
Provision for credit losses (recovery)
  
952
   
(6,756
)
  
7,708
   
(114.1
)
Noninterest income
  
29,466
   
31,098
   
(1,632
)
  
(5.2
)
Noninterest expense
  
59,337
   
57,808
   
1,529
   
2.6

Income taxes
  
10,000
   
12,746
   
(2,746
)
  
(21.5
)
Net income
 
$
39,999
  
$
47,549
  
$
(7,550
)
  
(15.9
)%
                 
Average earning assets
 
$
5,137,421
  
$
5,071,907
  
$
65,514
   
1.3
%
                 
Yield on average earnings assets, tax equivalent*
  
3.51
%
  
3.52
%
  
(0.01)
%
  
(0.4)
%
Cost of interest bearing funds
  
0.48
%
  
0.47
%
  
0.01
%
  
3.4
%
                 
Net interest margin, tax equivalent*
  
3.19
%
  
3.21
%
  
(0.02
)%
  
(0.5
)%

*Yield on average earning assets and net interest margin are computed on a taxable equivalent basis using a 24.95% tax rate.

47

Net Interest Income

($ in thousands)
   
2Q
2022
     
1Q
2022
    
2Q
2021
   
Percent
Change
2Q 2022
Compared to:
    
YTD
2022
     
YTD
2021
    
Percent
Change
  
 
1Q
2022
  
2Q
2021
Components of net interest income:
                        
Income on earning assets
 
$
45,352
  
$
43,527
  
$
43,875
   
4.2
%
  
3.4
%
 
$
88,879
  
$
88,086
   
0.9
%
Expense on interest bearing liabilities
  
4,562
   
3,495
   
3,868
   
30.5

  
17.9

  
8,057
   
7,837
   
2.8

Net interest income
 
$
40,790
  
$
40,032
  
$
40,007
   
1.9
%
  
2.0
%
 
$
80,822
  
$
80,249
   
0.7
%
TEQ
  
232
   
235
   
230
   
(1.3
)
  
0.9

  
467
   
447
   
4.5

Net interest income, tax equivalent
 
$
41,022
  
$
40,267
  
$
40,237
   
1.9
%
  
1.9
%
 
$
81,289
  
$
80,696
   
0.7

                                 
Average yield and rates paid:
                                
Earning assets yield
  
3.56
%
  
3.46
%
  
3.41
%
  
2.9
%
  
4.2
%
  
3.51
%
  
3.52
%
  
(0.4
)%
Rate paid on interest bearing liabilities
  
0.54

  
0.42

  
0.45

  
28.2

  
19.7

  
0.48

  
0.47

  
3.4

Gross interest margin
  
3.02
%
  
3.04
%
  
2.96
%
  
(0.6
)%
  
1.9
%
  
3.03
%
  
3.05
%
  
(0.9
)%
Net interest margin
  
3.20
%
  
3.18
%
  
3.11
%
  
0.6
%
  
2.8
%
  
3.19
%
  
3.21
%
  
(0.5
)%
                                 
Average balances:
                                
Investment securities
 
$
1,454,371
  
$
1,486,799
  
$
1,225,369
   
(2.2
)%
  
18.7
%
 
$
1,470,495
  
$
1,145,018
   
28.4
%
Loans
 
$
3,538,324
  
$
3,440,439
  
$
3,495,655
   
2.8
%
  
1.2
%
 
$
3,489,652
  
$
3,521,861
   
(0.9
)%
 Earning assets
 
$
5,140,656
  
$
5,134,150
  
$
5,184,923
   
0.1
%
  
(0.9
)%
 
$
5,137,421
  
$
5,071,907
   
1.3
%
Interest-bearing liabilities
 
$
3,373,741
  
$
3,350,208
  
$
3,424,218
   
0.7
%
  
(1.5
)%
 
$
3,362,039
  
$
3,379,958
   
(0.5
)%

Net interest income for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of $40.8 million was $0.8 million above prior quarter and prior year same quarter.  Our net interest income excluding PPP loans for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 was $40.3 million compared to $38.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and $36.4 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.  Our net interest margin, on a fully tax equivalent basis, at 3.20% for the second quarter 2022 increased 2 basis points from prior quarter and 9 basis points from prior year same quarter, as our average earning assets increased $6.5 million from prior quarter but decreased $44.3 million from prior year same quarter.  Our yield on average earning assets for the second quarter 2022 increased 10 basis points from prior quarter and 15 basis points from prior year same quarter, and our cost of funds increased 12 basis points from prior quarter and 9 basis points from prior year same quarter.  As discussed more fully below, the impact of the PPP loans to the net interest margin for the second quarter 2022 was 3 basis points.  Excluding the impact of the PPP loans, the change in net interest margin was 10 basis points, quarter over quarter.  The Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) has increased the target federal funds rate three times in 2022.  The FOMC raised the target rate by 25, 50, and 75 basis points, respectively, on March 17, May 5, and June 16, 2022.  These rate increases have had a positive impact on our net interest margin and may help our margin improve as rates continue to rise.

48

The PPP loan portfolio had an annualized yield for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of 13.56% compared to 17.03% for the first quarter 2022.  Interest income on the portfolio was $45 thousand during the quarter, down $51 thousand from prior quarter, while the amortization of net loan origination fees from current outstanding loans and recognition of net fee income from paid and forgiven loans was $463 thousand, down $915 thousand from prior quarter.  These fees are amortized over the life of the loan with any unamortized balance fully recognized at the time of loan forgiveness.  The impact of the PPP loan portfolio to the net interest margin was an increase of 3 basis points for the second quarter 2022 compared to an increase of 11 basis points for the first quarter 2022.

Our ratio of average loans to deposits, including repurchase agreements, was 75.2% for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to 74.2% for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and 75.0% for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

Provision for Credit Losses

Provision for credit losses for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 was $0.1 million, compared to provision of $0.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and a recovery of provision of $4.3 million for the second quarter 2021.  Year-to-date provision was $1.0 million compared to a recovery of $6.8 million during the first six months of 2021.  Our reserve coverage (allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans) at June 30, 2022 was 305.9% compared to 309.1% at March 31, 2022 and 197.2% at June 30, 2021.  Our credit loss reserve as a percentage of total loans outstanding at June 30, 2022 was 1.19% (1.19% excluding PPP loans) compared to 1.20% at March 31, 2022 (1.21% excluding PPP loans) and 1.21% at June 30, 2021 (1.27% excluding PPP loans).

Noninterest Income

($ in thousands)
   
2Q
2022
     
1Q
2022
    
2Q
2021

  
Percent Change
2Q 2022 Compared
to:
     
YTD
2022
     
YTD
2021
     
Percent
Change
  
1Q
2022
  
2Q
2021
Deposit related fees
 
$
7,263
  
$
6,746
  
$
6,358
   
7.7
%
  
14.2
%
 
$
14,009
  
$
12,380
   
13.2
%
Trust revenue
  
3,198
   
3,248
   
3,349
   
(1.5
)
  
(4.5
)
  
6,446
   
6,300
   
2.3

Gains on sales of loans
  
519
   
597
   
1,907
   
(13.0
)
  
(72.8
)
  
1,116
   
4,340
   
(74.3
)
Loan related fees
  
1,415
   
2,062
   
1,004
   
(31.4
)
  
41.0

  
3,477
   
3,274
   
6.2

Bank owned life insurance revenue
  
702
   
691
   
581
   
1.7

  
20.8

  
1,393
   
1,154
   
20.7

Brokerage revenue
  
459
   
590
   
554
   
(22.2
)
  
(17.2
)
  
1,049
   
1,011
   
3.8

Other
  
945
   
1,031
   
1,768
   
(8.5
)
  
(46.7
)
  
1,976
   
2,639
   
(25.2
)
Total noninterest income
 
$
14,501
  
$
14,965
  
$
15,521
   
(3.1
)%
  
(6.6
)%
 
$
29,466
  
$
31,098
   
(5.2
)%

Noninterest income for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of $14.5 million was $0.5 million, or 3.1%, below prior quarter and $1.0 million, or 6.6%, below prior year same quarter.  The quarter over quarter decrease included a $0.6 million decrease in loan related fees and a $0.3 million decrease in securities gains, partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in deposit related fees.  The decrease from prior year same quarter included a $1.4 million decrease in gains on sales of loans and a $0.5 million decrease in securities gains, partially offset by a $0.9 million increase in deposit related fees.  Year-to-date noninterest income decreased $1.6 million from the six months ended June 30, 2021 due to a $3.2 million decline in gains on sales of loans, partially offset by a $1.6 million increase in deposit related fees.  Gains on sales of loans were impacted by the slowdown in the industry-wide mortgage refinancing boom.  Deposit related fees were primarily impacted by debit card income and overdraft charges.  Loan related fees were primarily impacted by the change in the fair market value of mortgage servicing rights.

49

Noninterest Expense

($ in thousands)

 
2Q
2022


 
1Q
2022
  
2Q
2021


Percent Change
2Q 2022 Compared to:


YTD
2022


 
YTD
2021


Percent
Change

1Q
2022
  
2Q
2021
Salaries
 
$
12,219
  
$
11,739
  
$
11,706
   
4.1
%
  
4.4
%
 
$
23,958
  
$
23,118
   
3.6
%
Employee benefits
  
6,315
   
5,799
   
7,254
   
8.9

  
(12.9
)
  
12,114
   
12,675
   
(4.4
)
Net occupancy and equipment
  
2,756
   
2,854
   
2,668
   
(3.4
)
  
3.3

  
5,610
   
5,496
   
2.1

Data processing
  
2,095
   
2,201
   
1,870
   
(4.8
)
  
12.0

  
4,296
   
4,029
   
6.6

Legal and professional fees
  
884
   
867
   
753
   
1.9

  
17.2

  
1,751
   
1,646
   
6.4

Advertising and marketing
  
659
   
752
   
710
   
(12.6
)
  
(7.3
)
  
1,411
   
1,432
   
(1.4
)
Taxes other than property and payroll
  
425
   
426
   
375
   
(0.3
)
  
13.3

  
851
   
745
   
14.2

Net other real estate owned expense
  
43
   
353
   
488
   
(87.6
)
  
(91.1
)
  
396
   
806
   
(50.8
)
Other
  
4,582
   
4,368
   
3,674
   
4.9

  
24.8

  
8,950
   
7,861
   
13.8

Total noninterest expense
 
$
29,978
  
$
29,359
  
$
29,498
   
2.1
%
  
1.6
%
 
$
59,337
  
$
57,808
   
2.6
%

Noninterest expense for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of $30.0 million was $0.6 million, or 2.1%, higher than prior quarter and $0.5 million, or 1.6%, above prior year same quarter.  The increase in noninterest expense quarter over quarter was primarily the result of an increase in personnel expense ($1.0 million), partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in net other real estate owned expense.  The increase in personnel expense was due to increases in salaries and a higher accrual for bonuses and incentives.  Noninterest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $1.5 million higher than the six months ended June 30, 2021.  The year-to-date increase was primarily the result of increases in personnel expense, data processing expense, and loan related expenses.

Balance Sheet Review

CTBI’s total assets at June 30, 2022 of $5.4 billion increased $4.2 million, an annualized 0.3%, from March 31, 2022 and $29.1 million, an annualized 1.1%, from December 31, 2021.  Loans outstanding at June 30, 2022 were $3.6 billion, an increase of $42.9 million, an annualized 4.9%, from March 31, 2022 and $149.6 million, an annualized 8.9%, from December 31, 2021.  Loans, excluding PPP loans, increased $57.6 million during the quarter, with an $8.4 million increase in the commercial loan portfolio, a $16.4 million increase in the residential loan portfolio, a $29.7 million increase in the indirect consumer loan portfolio, and a $3.1 million increase in the consumer direct loan portfolio.  The PPP loan portfolio declined during the quarter $14.7 million as a result of SBA forgiveness.  CTBI’s investment portfolio decreased $101.3 million, an annualized 27.0%, from March 31, 2022 and $53.3 million, an annualized 7.4%, from December 31, 2022.  Deposits in other banks increased $30.2 million from prior quarter but decreased $128.9 million from December 31, 2021.  Deposits, including repurchase agreements, at $4.7 billion increased $28.7 million, an annualized 2.5%, from March 31, 2022 and $96.3 million, an annualized 4.2%, from December 31, 2021.

Shareholders’ equity at June 30, 2022 was $632.0 million, a $21.3 million, or annualized 13.1%, decrease from the $653.4 million at March 31, 2022 and a $66.2 million, or annualized 19.1%, decrease from the $698.2 million at December 31, 2022, as a result of the continued increase in unrealized losses on our securities portfolio.  CTBI’s annualized dividend yield to shareholders as of June 30, 2022 was 3.96%.

50

Loans

(dollars in thousands)
 
June 30, 2022
 
Loan Category
 
Balance
  
Variance
from Prior
Year
  
Net (Charge-
Offs)/
Recoveries
  
Nonperforming
  
ACL
 
Commercial:
               
Hotel/motel
 
$
280,956
   
9.3
%
 
$
(216
)
 
$
0
  
$
4,844
 
Commercial real estate residential
  
354,668
   
5.8
   
(20
)
  
764
   
4,200
 
Commercial real estate nonresidential
  
758,227
   
0.0
   
133
   
4,205
   
8,968
 
Dealer floorplans
  
71,785
   
3.4
   
0
   
0
   
1,477
 
Commercial other
  
324,091
   
11.6
   
(142
)
  
281
   
4,473
 
Commercial unsecured SBA PPP
  
7,788
   
(83.5
)
  
0
   
0
   
0
 
Total commercial
  
1,797,515
   
2.3
   
(245
)
  
5,250
   
23,962
 
                     
Residential:
                    
Real estate mortgage
  
793,249
   
3.4
   
(141
)
  
7,513
   
8,179
 
Home equity
  
110,828
   
3.9
   
(17
)
  
813
   
887
 
Total residential
  
904,077
   
3.5
   
(158
)
  
8,326
   
9,066
 
                     
Consumer:
                    
Consumer direct
  
159,791
   
2.0
   
(85
)
  
32
   
1,621
 
Consumer indirect
  
697,060
   
12.3
   
124
   
234
   
7,695
 
Total consumer
  
856,851
   
10.2
   
39
   
266
   
9,316
 
                     
Total loans
 
$
3,558,443
   
4.4
%
 
$
(364
)
 
$
13,842
  
$
42,344
 

Total Deposits and Repurchase Agreements

 
(dollars in thousands)
   
2Q
2022
     
1Q
2022
     
YE
2021
    
Percent Change
2Q 2022 Compared to:
  
1Q
2022
  
YE
2021
Non-interest bearing deposits
 
$
1,408,148
  
$
1,398,529
  
$
1,331,103
   
0.7
%
  
5.8
%
Interest bearing deposits
                    
Interest checking
  
99,055
   
89,863
   
97,064
   
10.2

  
2.1

Money market savings
  
1,243,817
   
1,200,408
   
1,206,401
   
3.6

  
3.1

Savings accounts
  
671,349
   
666,874
   
632,645
   
0.7

  
6.1

Time deposits
  
1,050,559
   
1,072,630
   
1,077,079
   
(2.1
)
  
(2.5
)
Repurchase agreements
  
238,733
   
254,623
   
271,088
   
(6.2
)
  
(11.9
)
Total interest bearing deposits and repurchase agreements
  
3,303,513
   
3,284,398
   
3,284,277
   
0.6
%
  
0.6
%
Total deposits and repurchase agreements
 
$
4,711,661
  
$
4,682,927
  
$
4,615,380
   
0.6
%
  
2.1
%

51

Asset Quality

CTBI’s total nonperforming loans, excluding TDRs, increased slightly to $13.8 million at June 30, 2022 from $13.7 million at March 31, 2022 but decreased $2.8 million from the $16.6 million at December 31, 2021.  Accruing loans 90+ days past due at $5.0 million increased $0.2 million from prior quarter but decreased $0.9 million from December 31, 2021.  Nonaccrual loans remained at $8.8 million from prior quarter but decreased $1.8 million from December 31, 2021.  Accruing loans 30-89 days past due at $10.6 million decreased $0.2 million from prior quarter and $0.3 million from December 31, 2021.  Our loan portfolio management processes focus on the immediate identification, management, and resolution of problem loans to maximize recovery and minimize loss.  Our loan portfolio risk management processes include weekly delinquent loan review meetings at the market levels and monthly delinquent loan review meetings involving senior corporate management to review all nonaccrual loans and loans 30 days or more past due.  Any activity regarding a criticized/classified loan (i.e. problem loan) must be approved by CTB’s Watch List Asset Committee (i.e. Problem Loan Committee).  CTB’s Watch List Asset Committee also meets on a quarterly basis and reviews every criticized/classified loan of $100,000 or greater.  CTB’s Loan Portfolio Risk Management Committee also meets quarterly focusing on the overall asset quality and risk metrics of the loan portfolio.  We also have a Loan Review Department that reviews every market within CTB annually and performs extensive testing of the loan portfolio to assure the accuracy of loan grades and classifications for delinquency, TDR, nonaccrual status, and adequate loan loss reserves.  The Loan Review Department has annually reviewed, on average, 96% of the outstanding commercial loan portfolio for the past three years.  The average annual review percentage of the consumer and residential loan portfolio for the past three years was 86% based on the loan production during the number of months included in the review scope.  The review scope is generally four to six months of production.  CTBI generally does not offer high risk loans such as option ARM products, high loan to value ratio mortgages, interest-only loans, loans with initial teaser rates, or loans with negative amortizations, and therefore, CTBI would have no significant exposure to these products.

For further information regarding nonperforming loans, see Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein.

Our level of foreclosed properties at $2.0 million at June 30, 2022 was a $0.3 million decrease from the $2.3 million at March 31, 2022 and a $1.5 million decrease from the $3.5 million at December 31, 2021.  Sales of foreclosed properties for the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $1.8 million while new foreclosed properties totaled $0.4 million.  At June 30, 2022, the book value of properties under contracts to sell was $0.4 million; however, the closings had not occurred at quarter-end.

When foreclosed properties are acquired, appraisals are obtained and the properties are booked at the current market value less expected sales costs.  Additionally, periodic updated appraisals are obtained on unsold foreclosed properties.  When an updated appraisal reflects a fair market value below the current book value, a charge is booked to current earnings to reduce the property to its new market value less expected sales costs.  Charges to earnings in the second quarter 2022 to reflect the decrease in current market values of foreclosed properties totaled $23 thousand.  There were 2 properties reappraised during the second quarter 2022.  Of these, one property was written down by $9 thousand.  Charges to earnings during the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021 were $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively.  Charges to earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $0.3 million compared to $0.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021.  Our policy for determining the frequency of periodic reviews is based upon consideration of the specific properties and the known or perceived market fluctuations in a particular market and is typically between 12 and 18 months but generally not more than 24 months.  Approximately 93% of our other real estate owned (“OREO”) properties and approximately 90% of the book value of our OREO properties have appraisals dated within the past 18 months.

52

The appraisal aging analysis of foreclosed properties, as well as the holding period, at June 30, 2022 is shown below:

(dollars in thousands)
   
Appraisal Aging Analysis
 
Holding Period Analysis
 
Days Since Last
Appraisal
 
Number of
Properties
  
Current Book
Value
 
Holding Period
 
Current Book
Value
 
Up to 3 months
  
3
  
$
59
 
Less than one year
 
$
145
 
3 to 6 months
  
16
   
1,372
 
1 year
  
666
 
6 to 9 months
  
3
   
111
 
2 years
  
116
 
9 to 12 months
  
4
   
110
 
3 years
  
69
 
12 to 18 months
  
2
   
109
 
4 years
  
68
 
18 to 24 months
  
2
   
193
 
5 years
  
62
 
Total
  
30
  
$
1,954
 
6 years
  
234
 
         
7 years
  
310
 
         
8 years
  
284
 
         
9 years
  
0
 
         
Total
 
$
1,954
 

          Regulatory approval is required and has been obtained to hold foreclosed properties beyond the initial period of five years.  Additionally, CTBI is required to dispose of any foreclosed property that has not been sold within ten years.

Net loan charge-offs were $42 thousand, less than 0.01% of average loans annualized, for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 compared to net loan charge-offs of $0.3 million, 0.04% of average loans annualized, for the first quarter 2022 and a net recovery of loan charge-offs for the second quarter 2021 of $0.6 million.  Year-to-date net loan charge-offs were $0.4 million, 0.02% of average loans annualized, compared to a net recovery of loan charge-offs of $0.4 million for the first six months of 2021.

Dividends

The following schedule shows the quarterly cash dividends paid for the past six quarters:

Pay Date
Record Date
 
Amount Per Share
 
July 1, 2022
June 15, 2022
 
$0.400
 
April 1, 2022
March 15, 2022
 
$0.400
 
January 1, 2022
December 15, 2021
 
$0.400
 
October 1, 2021
September 15, 2021
 
$0.400
 
July 1, 2021
June 15, 2021
 
$0.385
 
April 1, 2021
March 15, 2021
 
$0.385
 

On July 26, 2022, the Board of Directors of CTBI declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.44 per share to be paid on October 1, 2022 to shareholders of record on September 15, 2022.  This represents an increase of 10% in the quarterly cash dividend.

53

Liquidity and Market Risk

The objective of CTBI’s Asset/Liability management function is to maintain consistent growth in net interest income within our policy limits.  This objective is accomplished through management of our consolidated balance sheet composition, liquidity, and interest rate risk exposures arising from changing economic conditions, interest rates, and customer preferences.  The goal of liquidity management is to provide adequate funds to meet changes in loan and lease demand or deposit withdrawals.  This is accomplished by maintaining liquid assets in the form of cash and cash equivalents and investment securities, sufficient unused borrowing capacity, and growth in core deposits.  As of June 30, 2022, we had approximately $213.7 million in cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.4 billion in securities valued at estimated fair value designated as available-for-sale and available to meet liquidity needs on a continuing basis compared to $311.8 million and $1.5 billion at December 31, 2021.  Additional asset-driven liquidity is provided by the remainder of the securities portfolio and the repayment of loans.  In addition to core deposit funding, we also have a variety of other short-term and long-term funding sources available.  We also rely on Federal Home Loan Bank advances for both liquidity and management of our asset/liability position.  Federal Home Loan Bank advances were $0.4 million at June 30, 2022 and at December 31, 2021.  As of June 30, 2022, we had a $512.7 million available borrowing position with the Federal Home Loan Bank, compared to $484.4 million at December 31, 2021.  We generally rely upon net inflows of cash from financing activities, supplemented by net inflows of cash from operating activities, to provide cash for our investing activities.  As is typical of many financial institutions, significant financing activities include deposit gathering, use of short-term borrowing facilities such as repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased, and issuance of long-term debt.  At June 30, 2022 and at December 31, 2021, we had $75 million in lines of credit with various correspondent banks available to meet any future cash needs.  Our primary investing activities include purchases of securities and loan originations.  We do not rely on any one source of liquidity and manage availability in response to changing consolidated balance sheet needs.  Included in our cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2022 were deposits with the Federal Reserve of $133.4 million, compared to $262.4 million at December 31, 2021.  At June 30, 2022, cash and cash equivalents included federal funds sold of $2.0 million; however, we had no federal funds sold as of December 31, 2021.  Additionally, we project cash flows from our investment portfolio to generate additional liquidity over the next 90 days.

The investment portfolio consists of investment grade short-term issues suitable for bank investments.  The majority of the investment portfolio is in U.S. government and government sponsored agency issuances.  At June 30, 2022, available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities comprised all of the total investment portfolio, and the AFS portfolio was approximately 222% of equity capital.  Sixty-one percent of the pledge-eligible portfolio was pledged.

Interest Rate Risk

We consider interest rate risk one of our most significant market risks.  Interest rate risk is the exposure to adverse changes in net interest income due to changes in interest rates.  Consistency of our net interest revenue is largely dependent upon the effective management of interest rate risk.  We employ a variety of measurement techniques to identify and manage our interest rate risk, including the use of an earnings simulation model to analyze net interest income sensitivity to changing interest rates.  The model is based on actual cash flows and repricing characteristics for on and off-balance sheet instruments and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the effect of changing interest rates on the prepayment rates of certain assets and liabilities.  Assumptions based on the historical behavior of deposit rates and balances in relation to changes in interest rates are also incorporated into the model.  These assumptions are inherently uncertain, and as a result, the model cannot precisely measure net interest income or precisely predict the impact of fluctuations in interest rates on net interest income.  Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies.

CTBI’s Asset/Liability Management Committee, which includes executive and senior management representatives and reports to the Board of Directors, monitors and manages interest rate risk within Board-approved policy limits.  Our current exposure to interest rate risks is determined by measuring the anticipated change in net interest income spread evenly over the 12-month period.

Capital Resources

We continue to offer a dividend to our shareholders, providing an annualized dividend yield for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of 3.96%.  Shareholders’ equity declined $21.3 million, or an annualized 13.1%, during the quarter and $52.0 million, or 7.6%, from June 30, 2021, as a result of the continued increase in unrealized losses on our securities portfolio.  Our primary source of capital growth is the retention of earnings.  Cash dividends were $0.80 per share and $0.77 per share for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  We retained 64.3% of our earnings for the first six months of 2022 compared to 71.2% for the first six months of 2021.

54

Insured depository institutions are required to meet certain capital level requirements.  On October 29, 2019, federal banking regulators adopted a final rule to simplify the regulatory capital requirements for eligible community banks and holding companies that opt-in to the community bank leverage ratio (“CBLR”) framework, as required by Section 201 of the Economic Growth, Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018.  Under the final rule, which became effective as of January 1, 2020, community banks and holding companies (which includes CTB and CTBI) that satisfy certain qualifying criteria, including having less than $10 billion in average total consolidated assets and a leverage ratio (referred to as the “community bank leverage ratio”) of greater than 9%, were eligible to opt-in to the CBLR framework.  The community bank leverage ratio is the ratio of a banking organization’s Tier 1 capital to its average total consolidated assets, both as reported on the banking organization’s applicable regulatory filings.  Accordingly, a qualifying community banking organization that has a community bank leverage ratio greater than 9% will be considered to have met: (i) the risk-based and leverage capital requirements of the generally applicable capital rules; (ii) the capital ratio requirements in order to be considered well-capitalized under the prompt corrective action framework; and (iii) any other applicable capital or leverage requirements.

In April 2020, as directed by Section 4012 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, the regulatory agencies introduced temporary changes to the CBLR framework.  These changes, which subsequently were adopted as a final rule, temporarily reduced the CBLR requirement to 8% through the end of calendar year 2020.  Beginning in calendar year 2021, the CBLR requirement increased to 8.5% for the calendar year before returning to 9% in calendar year 2022.  The final rule also provides for a two-quarter grace period for qualifying community banking organizations whose leverage ratios fall no more than 100 basis points below the applicable CBLR requirement.  Management elected to use the CBLR framework for CTBI and CTB.  CTBI’s CBLR ratio as of June 30, 2022 was 13.14%.  CTB’s CBLR ratio as of June 30, 2022 was 12.55%.  Under either framework, CTBI and CTB would be considered well-capitalized under the applicable guidelines.

As of June 30, 2022, we are not aware of any current recommendations by banking regulatory authorities which, if they were to be implemented, would have, or are reasonably likely to have, a material adverse impact on our liquidity, capital resources, or operations.

Impact of Inflation, Changing Prices, and Economic Conditions

The majority of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature.  Therefore, CTBI differs greatly from most commercial and industrial companies that have significant investment in nonmonetary assets, such as fixed assets and inventories.  However, inflation does have an important impact on the growth of assets in the banking industry and on the resulting need to increase equity capital at higher than normal rates in order to maintain an appropriate equity to assets ratio.  Inflation also affects other expenses, which tend to rise during periods of general inflation.

We believe one of the most significant impacts on financial and operating results is our ability to react to changes in interest rates.  We seek to maintain an essentially balanced position between interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities in order to protect against the effects of wide interest rate fluctuations.

We are all finding ourselves living and operating in unprecedented times as the COVID-19 pandemic is causing personal and financial hardship to our customers, employees, and communities.  During these challenging times, we have instituted programs to support our customers with loan modifications, forbearance, and fee waivers and participated in programs created by the government stimulus programs like the Paycheck Protection Program, focused on helping small businesses keep their employees and meet their expenses as they were unable to operate due to mandated closures.  We instituted programs supporting our employees focused on healthcare, childcare, and remote and split schedule work, as well as work space changes that allow for proper social distancing to keep our employees safe as we continue to operate as a critical part of the economy.  We continue to support our communities through donations to non-profit organizations as they strive to continue their commitments of serving those in need.  We also continue to manage our company for the long term and our strong capital position and culture of building communities built on trust will facilitate our ability to manage through these challenging times.  We will continue to serve our constituents while we all meet the challenges of living with COVID-19.

55

Stock Repurchase Program

CTBI’s stock repurchase program began in December 1998 with the authorization to acquire up to 500,000 shares and was increased by an additional 1,000,000 shares in each of July 2000, May 2003, and March 2020.  CTBI repurchased 32,664 shares of its common stock during the first quarter 2020, leaving 1,034,706 shares remaining under our current repurchase authorization.  As of June 30, 2022, a total of 2,465,294 shares have been repurchased through this program.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the appropriate application of certain accounting policies, many of which require us to make estimates and assumptions about future events and their impact on amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and related notes.  Since future events and their impact cannot be determined with certainty, the actual results will inevitably differ from our estimates.  Such differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements.

We believe the application of accounting policies and the estimates required therein are reasonable.  These accounting policies and estimates are constantly reevaluated, and adjustments are made when facts and circumstances dictate a change.  Historically, we have found our application of accounting policies to be appropriate, and actual results have not differed materially from those determined using necessary estimates.

We have identified the following critical accounting policies:

Allowance for Credit Losses  CTBI accounts for the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) and the reserve for unfunded commitments in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and its related subsequent amendments, commonly known as CECL.

We disaggregate our portfolio loans into portfolio segments for purposes of determining the ACL.  Our loan portfolio segments include commercial, residential mortgage, and consumer.  We further disaggregate our portfolio segments into classes for purposes of monitoring and assessing credit quality based on certain risk characteristics.  For an analysis of CTBI’s ACL by portfolio segment and credit quality information by class, refer to Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein.

CTBI maintains the ACL to absorb the amount of credit losses that are expected to be incurred over the remaining contractual terms of the related loans.  Contractual terms are adjusted for expected prepayments but are not extended for expected extensions, renewals, or modifications except in circumstances where CTBI reasonably expects to execute a TDR with the borrower or where certain extension or renewal options are embedded in the original contract and not unconditionally cancellable by CTBI.  Accrued interest receivable on loans is presented in our consolidated financial statements as a component of other assets.  When accrued interest is deemed to be uncollectible (typically when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status), interest income is reversed.  In the event that collection of principal becomes uncertain, CTBI has policies in place to reverse accrued interest in a timely manner.  Therefore, CTBI elected ASU 2019-04 which allows that accrued interest would continue to be presented separately and not part of the amortized cost of the loan.  For additional information on CTBI’s accounting policies related to nonaccrual loans, refer to Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein.

Credit losses are charged and recoveries are credited to the ACL.  The ACL is maintained at a level CTBI considers to be adequate and is based on ongoing quarterly assessments and evaluations of the collectability of loans, including historical credit loss experience, current and forecasted market and economic conditions, and consideration of various qualitative factors that, in management’s judgment, deserve consideration in estimating expected credit losses.  Provisions for credit losses are recorded for the amounts necessary to adjust the ACL to CTBI’s current estimate of expected credit losses on portfolio loans.  CTBI’s strategy for credit risk management includes a combination of conservative exposure limits significantly below legal lending limits and conservative underwriting, documentation, and collection standards.  The strategy also emphasizes diversification on a geographic, industry, and customer level, regular credit examinations, and quarterly management reviews of large credit exposures and loans experiencing deterioration of credit quality.

56

CTBI’s methodology for determining the ACL requires significant management judgment and includes an estimate of expected credit losses on a collective basis for groups of loans with similar risk characteristics and specific allowances for loans which are individually evaluated.

Larger commercial loans with balances exceeding $1 million that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses are individually evaluated for an ACL if such loans, (i) have a criticized risk rating, (ii) are on nonaccrual status, (iii) are classified as TDRs, or (iv) are 90 days or more past due.  CTBI considers the current value of collateral, credit quality of any guarantees, the guarantor’s liquidity and willingness to cooperate, the loan structure, and other factors when determining the amount of the ACL.  Other factors may include the borrower’s susceptibility to risks presented by the forecasted macroeconomic environment, the industry and geographic region of the borrower, the size and financial condition of the borrower, the cash flow and leverage of the borrower, and our evaluation of the borrower’s management.  Significant management judgment is required when evaluating which of these factors are most relevant in individual circumstances, and when estimating the amount of expected credit losses based on those factors.  When loans are individually evaluated, allowances are determined based on management’s estimate of the borrower’s ability to repay the loan given the availability of collateral and other sources of cash flow, as well as an evaluation of legal options available to CTBI.  Allowances for individually evaluated loans that are collateral-dependent are typically measured based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less expected costs to sell where applicable.  For collateral-dependent financial assets, the credit loss expected may be zero if the fair value less costs to sell exceeds the amortized cost of the loan.  Loans shall not be included in both collective assessments and individual assessments.  Individually evaluated loans that are not collateral-dependent are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate.  Specific allowances on individually evaluated commercial loans, including TDRs, are reviewed quarterly and adjusted as necessary based on changing borrower and/or collateral conditions and actual collection and charge-off experience.  Regardless of an initial measurement method, once it is determined that foreclosure is probable, the allowance for credit losses is measured based on the fair value of the collateral as of the measurement date.  As a practical expedient, the fair value of the collateral may be used for a loan when determining the allowance for credit losses for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.  The fair value shall be adjusted for selling costs when foreclosure is probable.

Expected credit losses are estimated on a collective basis for loans that are not individually evaluated.  These include commercial loans that do not meet the criteria for individual evaluation as well as homogeneous loans in the residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments.  For collectively evaluated commercial loans, CTBI uses a static pool methodology based on our risk rating system.  See Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein for information on CTBI’s risk rating system.  Other homogenous loans such as the residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments derive their ACL from vintage modeling.  Vintage modeling was chosen primarily because these loans have fixed amortization schedules, and it allows CTBI to track loans from origination to completion, including repayments and prepayments, and captures net charge-offs by the different vintages providing historical loss rates.  These are the two primary models utilized for ACL determination although there are additional models for specific processes in addition.  CTBI’s expected credit loss models were developed based on historical credit loss experience and observations of migration patterns for various credit risk characteristics (such as internal credit risk grades, external credit ratings or scores, delinquency status, etc.) over time, with those observations evaluated in the context of concurrent macroeconomic conditions.  CTBI developed our models from historical observations capturing a full economic cycle when possible.

57

CTBI’s expected credit loss models consider historical credit loss experience, current market and economic conditions, and forecasted changes in market and economic conditions if such forecasts are considered reasonable and supportable.  Generally, CTBI considers our forecasts to be reasonable and supportable for a period of up to one year from the estimation date.  For periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period, expected credit losses are estimated by reverting to historical loss information.  CTBI evaluates the length of our reasonable and supportable forecast period, our reversion period, and reversion methodology at least annually, or more often if warranted by economic conditions or other circumstances.

Other qualitative factors are used by CTBI in determining the ACL. These considerations inherently require significant management judgment to determine the appropriate factors to be considered and the extent of their impact on the ACL estimate.  Qualitative factors are used to capture characteristics in the portfolio that impact expected credit losses but that are not fully captured within CTBI’s expected credit loss models.  These include adjustments for changes in policies or procedures in underwriting, monitoring or collections, lending and risk management personnel, and results of internal audit and quality control reviews.  These may also include adjustments, when deemed necessary, for specific idiosyncratic risks such as geopolitical events, natural disasters and their effects on regional borrowers, and changes in product structures.  Qualitative factors may also be used to address the impacts of unforeseen events on key inputs and assumptions within CTBI’s expected credit loss models, such as the reasonable and supportable forecast period, changes to historical loss information, or changes to the reversion period or methodology.  When evaluating the adequacy of allowances, consideration is also given to regional geographic concentrations and the closely associated effect that changing economic conditions may have on CTBI’s customers.

Overall, the collective evaluation process requires significant management judgment when determining the estimation methodology and inputs into the models, as well as in evaluating the reasonableness of the modeled results and the appropriateness of qualitative adjustments.  CTBI’s forecasts of market and economic conditions and the internal risk grades assigned to loans in the commercial portfolio segment are examples of inputs to the expected credit loss models that require significant management judgment.  These inputs have the potential to drive significant variability in the resulting ACL.

The reserve for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb estimated expected credit losses related to unfunded credit facilities and is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.  The determination of the adequacy of the reserve is based upon expected credit losses over the remaining contractual life of the commitments, taking into consideration the current funded balance and estimated exposure over the reasonable and supportable forecast period.  This process takes into consideration the same risk elements that are analyzed in the determination of the adequacy of CTBI’s ACL, as previously discussed.  Net adjustments to the reserve for unfunded commitments are included in other noninterest expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Goodwill – Business combinations entered into by CTBI typically include the recognition of goodwill.  U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) require goodwill to be tested for impairment on an annual basis, which for CTBI is October 1, and more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that there may be impairment.  Refer to Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein for a discussion on the methodology used by CTBI to assess goodwill for impairment.

Impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.  In testing goodwill for impairment, U.S. GAAP permits CTBI to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount.  In this qualitative assessment, CTBI evaluates events and circumstances which may include, but are not limited to, the general economic environment, banking industry and market conditions, the overall financial performance of CTBI, and the performance of CTBI’s common stock, to determine if it is not more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount.  If the quantitative impairment test is required or the decision to bypass the qualitative assessment is elected, CTBI performs the goodwill impairment test by comparing its fair value with its carrying amount, including goodwill.  If the carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill recorded.  A recognized impairment loss cannot be reversed in future periods even if the fair value of the reporting unit subsequently recovers.

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The fair value of CTBI is the price that would be received to sell the company as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  The determination of the fair value is a subjective process that involves the use of estimates and judgments, particularly related to cash flows, the appropriate discount rates, and an applicable control premium.  CTBI employs an income-based approach, utilizing forecasted cash flows and the estimated cost of equity as the discount rate.  Significant management judgment is necessary in the preparation of the forecasted cash flows surrounding expectations for earnings projections, growth and credit loss expectations, and actual results may differ from forecasted results.

Income TaxesIncome tax liabilities or assets are established for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year.  Deferred tax liabilities (“DTLs”) and deferred tax assets (“DTAs”) are also established for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in CTBI’s financial statements or tax returns.  A DTL or DTA is recognized for the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences and deductions that can be carried forward (used) in future years.  The valuation of current and deferred income tax liabilities and assets is considered critical, as it requires management to make estimates based on provisions of the enacted tax laws.  The assessment of tax liabilities and assets involves the use of estimates, assumptions, interpretations, and judgments concerning certain accounting pronouncements and federal and state tax codes.

Fair Value Measurements – As a financial services company, the carrying value of certain financial assets and liabilities is impacted by the application of fair value measurements, either directly or indirectly.  In certain cases, an asset or liability is measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis, such as available-for-sale investment securities.  In other cases, management must rely on estimates or judgments to determine if an asset or liability not measured at fair value warrants an impairment write-down or whether a valuation reserve should be established.  Given the inherent volatility, the use of fair value measurements may have a significant impact on the carrying value of assets or liabilities or result in material changes to our consolidated financial statements from period to period.  Detailed information regarding fair value measurements can be found in Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest rate risk management focuses on maintaining consistent growth in net interest income within Board-approved policy limits.  CTBI uses an earnings simulation model to analyze net interest income sensitivity to movements in interest rates.  Given a 200 basis point increase to the yield curve used in the simulation model, it is estimated net interest income for CTBI would increase by 4.03% over one year and 9.88% over two years.  A 100 basis point decrease in the yield curve would decrease net interest income by an estimated 2.11% over one year and 3.41% over two years.  For further discussion of CTBI’s market risk, see the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Market Risk included in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

CTBI’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective disclosure controls and procedures, as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out by CTBI’s management, with the participation of our Vice Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures.  Based on this evaluation, management concluded that disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2022 were effective in ensuring material information required to be disclosed in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q was recorded, processed, summarized, and reported on a timely basis.

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CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

There were no changes in CTBI’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, CTBI’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
None
   
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
None
   
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None
   
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
   
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosure
Not applicable
   
Item 5.
Other Information:
 
 
CTBI’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have furnished to the SEC the certifications with respect to this Form 10-Q that are required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
   
Item 6.
Exhibits:
 
 
(1)   Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
(2)   Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
(3)   XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL
Exhibit 101.INS
 
(4)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
Exhibit 101.SCH
 
(5)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
Exhibit 101.CAL
 
(6)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
Exhibit 101.DEF
 
(7)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
Exhibit 101.LAB
 
(8)   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
Exhibit 101.PRE
 
(9)  Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
Exhibit 104

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, CTBI has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


COMMUNITY TRUST BANCORP, INC.


Date:  August 8, 2022
By:


 

/s/ Mark A. Gooch

Mark A. Gooch

Vice Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

 

/s/ Kevin J. Stumbo

Kevin J. Stumbo

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,

and Treasurer


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