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Fifth Third Bank
FITB
#486
Rank
$49.57 B
Marketcap
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
Country
$55.08
Share price
2.40%
Change (1 day)
27.41%
Change (1 year)
๐Ÿฆ Banks๐Ÿ’ณ Financial services
Categories
Fifth Third Bank (5/3 Bank) is an American regional bank headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio.
  1. Fifth Third Bank
  2. Quarterly Reports (10-Q)
  3. Financial Year FY2025 Q2

Fifth Third Bank - 10-Q quarterly report FY2025 Q2


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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2025
Commission File Number 001-33653

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Fifth Third Bancorp
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Ohio
31-0854434
(State or other jurisdiction(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification Number)
38 Fountain Square Plaza
Cincinnati, Ohio 45263
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (800) 972-3030
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☒
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☐
Smaller reporting company
☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading
Symbol(s)		 Name of each exchange
on which registered:
Common Stock, Without Par Value FITB The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Depositary Shares Representing a 1/1000th Ownership Interest in a Share of   
6.625% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series IFITBIThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Depositary Shares Representing a 1/40th Ownership Interest in a Share of   
6.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class B Preferred Stock, Series AFITBPThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Depositary Shares Representing a 1/1000th Ownership Interest in a Share of   
4.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series KFITBOThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
There were 661,887,239 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, without par value, outstanding as of July 31, 2025.





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FINANCIAL CONTENTS
Part I. Financial Information
2
3
Overview
3
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
7
Recent Accounting Standards
9
Critical Accounting Policies
9
Statements of Income Analysis
9
Balance Sheet Analysis
17
Business Segment Review
26
Risk Management—Overview
33
Credit Risk Management
33
Interest Rate and Price Risk Management
49
Liquidity Risk Management
54
Capital Management
56
58
58
59
Balance Sheets (unaudited)
59
Statements of Income (unaudited)
60
Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)
61
Statements of Changes in Equity (unaudited)
62
Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
64
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
65
Part II. Other Information
121
121
121
121
121
121
122
123

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains statements that we believe are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 175 promulgated thereunder, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 3b-6 promulgated thereunder. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These statements relate to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance, capital actions or business. They usually can be identified by the use of forward-looking language such as “will likely result,” “may,” “are expected to,” “is anticipated,” “potential,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “projected,” “intends to,” or may include other similar words or phrases such as “believes,” “plans,” “trend,” “objective,” “continue,” “remain,” or similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “can,” or similar verbs. You should not place undue reliance on these statements, as they are subject to risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the risk factors set forth in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as updated by our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to us. There are a number of important factors that could cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to: (1) deteriorating credit quality; (2) loan concentration by location or industry of borrowers or collateral; (3) problems encountered by other financial institutions; (4) inadequate sources of funding or liquidity; (5) unfavorable actions of rating agencies; (6) inability to maintain or grow deposits; (7) limitations on the ability to receive dividends from subsidiaries; (8) cyber-security risks; (9) Fifth Third’s ability to secure confidential information and deliver products and services through the use of computer systems and telecommunications networks; (10) failures by third-party service providers; (11) inability to manage strategic initiatives and/or organizational changes; (12) inability to implement technology system enhancements, including the use of artificial intelligence; (13) failure of internal controls and other risk management programs; (14) losses related to fraud, theft, misappropriation or violence; (15) inability to attract and retain skilled personnel; (16) adverse impacts of government regulation; (17) governmental or regulatory changes or other actions; (18) failures to meet applicable capital requirements; (19) regulatory objections to Fifth Third’s capital plan; (20) regulation of Fifth Third’s derivatives activities; (21) deposit insurance premiums; (22) assessments for the orderly liquidation fund; (23) weakness in the national or local economies; (24) global political and economic uncertainty or negative actions; (25) changes in interest rates and the effects of inflation; (26) changes in U.S. trade policies, including the imposition of tariffs and retaliatory tariffs; (27) changes and trends in capital markets; (28) fluctuation of Fifth Third’s stock price; (29) volatility in mortgage banking revenue; (30) litigation, investigations, and enforcement proceedings; (31) breaches of contractual covenants, representations and warranties; (32) competition and changes in the financial services industry; (33) potential impacts of the adoption of real-time payment networks; (34) changing retail distribution strategies, customer preferences and behavior; (35) difficulties in identifying, acquiring or integrating suitable strategic partnerships, investments or acquisitions; (36) potential dilution from future acquisitions; (37) loss of income and/or difficulties encountered in the sale and separation of businesses, investments or other assets; (38) results of investments or acquired entities; (39) changes in accounting standards or interpretation or declines in the value of Fifth Third’s goodwill or other intangible assets; (40) inaccuracies or other failures from the use of models; (41) effects of critical accounting policies and judgments or the use of inaccurate estimates; (42) weather-related events, other natural disasters, or health emergencies (including pandemics); (43) the impact of reputational risk created by these or other developments on such matters as business generation and retention, funding and liquidity; (44) changes in law or requirements imposed by Fifth Third’s regulators impacting our capital actions, including dividend payments and stock repurchases; and (45) Fifth Third’s ability to meet its environmental and/or social targets, goals and commitments. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations or any changes in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based, except as may be required by law, and we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The information contained herein is intended to be reviewed in its totality, and any stipulations, conditions or provisos that apply to a given piece of information in one part of this report should be read as applying mutatis mutandis to every other instance of such information appearing herein.
1




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Fifth Third Bancorp provides the following list of abbreviations and acronyms as a tool for the reader that are used in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
ACL: Allowance for Credit Losses
FTP: Funds Transfer Pricing
AFS: Available-for-Sale
FTS: Fifth Third Securities, Inc.
ALCO: Asset Liability Management Committee
GDP: Gross Domestic Product
ALLL: Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
GNMA: Government National Mortgage Association
AOCI: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
GSE: United States Government Sponsored Enterprise
APR: Annual Percentage Rate
HTM: Held-to-Maturity
ARM: Adjustable Rate Mortgage
IPO: Initial Public Offering
ASC: Accounting Standards Codification
IRC: Internal Revenue Code
ASU: Accounting Standards Update
IRLC: Interest Rate Lock Commitment
ATM: Automated Teller Machine
ISDA: International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.
BOLI: Bank Owned Life Insurance
LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate
bps: Basis Points
LIHTC: Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
CD: Certificate of Deposit
LLC: Limited Liability Company
CDC: Fifth Third Community Development Corporation and Fifth Third
LTV: Loan-to-Value Ratio
Community Development Company, LLC
MD&A: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
CECL: Current Expected Credit Loss
Condition and Results of Operations
CET1: Common Equity Tier 1
MSR: Mortgage Servicing Right
CFPB: United States Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
N/A: Not Applicable
C&I: Commercial and Industrial
NII: Net Interest Income
DCF: Discounted Cash Flow
NM: Not Meaningful
DTCC: Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation
OAS: Option-Adjusted Spread
ERM: Enterprise Risk Management
OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
ERMC: Enterprise Risk Management Committee
OCI: Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
EVE: Economic Value of Equity
OREO: Other Real Estate Owned
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board
SBA: Small Business Administration
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
SEC: United States Securities and Exchange Commission
FHA: Federal Housing Administration
SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate
FHLB: Federal Home Loan Bank
TBA: To Be Announced
FHLMC: Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
TILA: Truth in Lending Act
FICO: Fair Isaac Corporation (credit rating)
U.S.: United States of America
FINRA: Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
U.S. GAAP: United States Generally Accepted Accounting
FNMA: Federal National Mortgage Association
Principles
FOMC: Federal Open Market Committee
VA: United States Department of Veterans Affairs
FRB: Federal Reserve Bank
VIE: Variable Interest Entity
FTE: Fully Taxable Equivalent


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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Item 2)
The following is Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of certain significant factors that have affected Fifth Third Bancorp’s (the “Bancorp” or “Fifth Third”) financial condition and results of operations during the periods included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which are a part of this filing. Reference to the Bancorp incorporates the parent holding company and all consolidated subsidiaries. The Bancorp’s banking subsidiary is referred to as the Bank.

OVERVIEW
Fifth Third Bancorp is a diversified financial services company headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. At June 30, 2025, the Bancorp had $210 billion in assets and operated 1,089 full-service banking centers and 2,170 Fifth Third branded ATMs in eleven states throughout the Midwestern and Southeastern regions of the U.S. The Bancorp reports on three business segments: Commercial Banking, Consumer and Small Business Banking and Wealth and Asset Management.

This overview of MD&A highlights selected information in the financial results of the Bancorp and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of trends, events, commitments, uncertainties, liquidity, capital resources and critical accounting policies and estimates, you should carefully read this entire document as well as the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Each of these items could have an impact on the Bancorp’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, refer to the Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms in this report for a list of terms included as a tool for the reader of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The abbreviations and acronyms identified therein are used throughout this MD&A, as well as the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Net interest income, net interest margin, net interest rate spread and the efficiency ratio are presented in MD&A on an FTE basis. The FTE basis adjusts for the tax-favored status of income from certain loans and leases and securities held by the Bancorp that are not taxable for federal income tax purposes. The Bancorp believes this presentation to be the preferred industry measurement of net interest income as it provides a relevant comparison between taxable and non-taxable amounts. The FTE basis for presenting net interest income is a non-GAAP measure. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of MD&A.

The Bancorp’s revenues are dependent on both net interest income and noninterest income. For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, net interest income on an FTE basis and noninterest income provided 67% and 33% of total revenue, respectively. The Bancorp derives the majority of its revenues within the U.S. from customers domiciled in the U.S. Changes in interest rates, credit quality, economic trends and the capital markets are primary factors that drive the performance of the Bancorp. As discussed later in the Risk Management section of MD&A, risk identification, measurement, monitoring, control and reporting are important to the management of risk and to the financial performance and capital strength of the Bancorp.

Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on assets such as loans, leases and securities, and interest expense incurred on liabilities such as deposits, other short-term borrowings and long-term debt. Net interest income is affected by the general level of interest rates, the relative level of short-term and long-term interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Generally, the rates of interest the Bancorp earns on its assets and pays on its liabilities are established for a period of time. The change in market interest rates over time exposes the Bancorp to interest rate risk through potential adverse changes to net interest income and financial position. The Bancorp manages this risk by continually analyzing and adjusting the composition of its assets and liabilities based on their payment streams and interest rates, the timing of their maturities and their sensitivity to changes in market interest rates. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, the Bancorp enters into certain derivative transactions as part of its overall strategy to manage its interest rate and prepayment risks. The Bancorp is also exposed to the risk of loss on its loan and lease portfolio as a result of changing expected cash flows caused by borrower credit events, such as loan defaults and inadequate collateral.

Noninterest income is derived from wealth and asset management revenue, commercial payments revenue, consumer banking revenue, capital markets fees, commercial banking revenue, mortgage banking net revenue, other noninterest income and net securities gains or losses. Noninterest expense includes compensation and benefits, technology and communications, net occupancy expense, equipment expense, marketing expense, loan and lease expense, card and processing expense and other noninterest expense.

Share Repurchase Activity
During the first quarter of 2025, the Bancorp entered into and settled an accelerated share repurchase transaction in the amount of $225 million.

On June 13, 2025, the Bancorp’s Board of Directors authorized management to purchase 100 million shares of the Bancorp’s common stock through the open market or in any private party transactions. This authorization superseded the prior authorization from June 2019 and did not include specific targets or an expiration date.

Refer to Note 12 and Note 20 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on share repurchase activity.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Senior Notes Offerings
On January 28, 2025, the Bank issued and sold, under its bank note program, $700 million of fixed-rate/floating-rate senior notes due on January 28, 2028. The senior notes will bear interest at a rate of 4.967% per annum to, but excluding, January 28, 2027. From, and including, January 28, 2027, to, but excluding, the maturity date, the senior notes will bear interest at a rate of compounded SOFR plus 0.81%.

On January 28, 2025, the Bank issued and sold, under its bank note program, $300 million of floating-rate senior notes due on January 28, 2028. The senior notes will bear interest at a rate of compounded SOFR plus 0.81%.

Refer to Note 11 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Recent Legislative Developments
On July 4, 2025, legislation formally titled “An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14” (“the Act”) and commonly referred to as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” was enacted, introducing significant changes to the U.S. tax code that impact both individuals and businesses. Key provisions of the Act include the reinstatement of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions, the phase out of and restrictions on clean energy tax incentives as well as the permanent extension of certain provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Bancorp is in the process of evaluating the impact of these changes on its effective tax rate, deferred tax assets and liabilities, related valuation allowances, and business activities. The effects of the legislation will be reflected in the Bancorp’s financial statements for the period ending September 30, 2025, in accordance with ASC 740.

Key Performance Indicators
The Bancorp, as a banking institution, utilizes various key indicators of financial condition and operating results in managing and monitoring the performance of the business. In addition to traditional financial metrics, such as revenue and expense trends, the Bancorp monitors other financial measures that assist in evaluating growth trends, capital and liquidity strength and operational efficiencies. The Bancorp analyzes these key performance indicators against its past performance, its forecasted performance and with the performance of its peer banking institutions. These indicators may change from time to time as the operating environment and businesses change.

The following are some of the key indicators used by management to assess the Bancorp’s business performance, including those which are considered in the Bancorp’s compensation programs:

•CET1 Capital Ratio: CET1 capital divided by risk-weighted assets as defined by the Basel III standardized approach to risk-weighting of assets
•Return on Average Tangible Common Equity (non-GAAP): Tangible net income available to common shareholders divided by average tangible common equity
•Return on Average Common Equity, Excluding AOCI (non-GAAP): Net income available to common shareholders divided by total equity, excluding AOCI and preferred stock
•Net Interest Margin (non-GAAP): Net interest income on an FTE basis divided by average interest-earning assets
•Efficiency Ratio (non-GAAP): Noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income on an FTE basis and noninterest income
•Earnings Per Share, Diluted: Net income allocated to common shareholders divided by average common shares outstanding after the effect of dilutive stock-based awards
•Nonperforming Portfolio Assets Ratio: Nonperforming portfolio assets divided by portfolio loans and leases and OREO
•Net Charge-off Ratio: Net losses charged-off divided by average portfolio loans and leases
•Return on Average Assets: Net income divided by average assets
•Loan-to-Deposit Ratio: Total loans divided by total deposits
•Household Growth: Change in the number of consumer households with retail relationship-based checking accounts

The list of indicators above is intended to summarize some of the most important metrics utilized by management in evaluating the Bancorp’s performance and does not represent an all-inclusive list of all performance measures that may be considered relevant or important to management or investors.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
TABLE 1: Earnings Summary
For the three months ended
June 30,		%For the six months ended
June 30,		%
($ in millions, except for per share data)20252024Change20252024Change
Income Statement Data
Net interest income (U.S. GAAP)$1,495 1,387 8$2,932 2,771 6
Net interest income (FTE)(a)(b)
1,500 1,393 82,942 2,783 6
Noninterest income750 695 81,444 1,406 3
Total revenue (FTE)(a)(b)
2,250 2,088 84,386 4,189 5
Provision for credit losses173 97 78347 191 82
Noninterest expense1,264 1,221 42,568 2,562 —
Net income628 601 41,142 1,122 2
Net income available to common shareholders591 561 51,069 1,041 3
Common Share Data
Earnings per share - basic$0.88 0.82 7$1.59 1.52 5
Earnings per share - diluted0.88 0.81 91.58 1.51 5
Cash dividends declared per common share0.37 0.35 60.74 0.70 6
Book value per share28.47 25.13 1328.47 25.13 13
Market value per share41.13 36.49 1341.13 36.49 13
Financial Ratios
Return on average assets1.20 %1.14 51.09 %1.06 3
Return on average common equity12.8 13.6 (6)11.8 12.6 (6)
Return on average tangible common equity(b)
17.6 19.8 (11)16.5 18.3 (10)
Dividend payout42.0 42.7 (2)46.5 46.1 1
(a)Amounts presented on an FTE basis. The FTE adjustments were $5 and $6 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $10 and $12 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(b)This is a non-GAAP measure. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of MD&A.

Earnings Summary
Net income available to common shareholders for the second quarter of 2025 was $591 million, or $0.88 per diluted share, compared to $561 million, or $0.81 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2024. Preferred stock dividends were $37 million and $40 million for the second quarter of 2025 and 2024, respectively. Net income available to common shareholders for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $1.1 billion, or $1.58 per diluted share, compared to $1.0 billion, or $1.51 per diluted share, for the six months ended June 30, 2024. Preferred stock dividends were $73 million and $81 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Net interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) was $1.5 billion and $2.9 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, increasing $107 million and $159 million compared to the same periods in the prior year. Net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was positively impacted by lower rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities, higher average balances of loans and leases and increases in yields on average consumer loans and leases. These positive impacts were partially offset by decreases in the average balances of and yields on other short-term investments as well as lower yields on average commercial loans and leases. Net interest margin on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) was 3.12% and 3.08% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to 2.88% and 2.87% for the comparable periods in the prior year.

The provision for credit losses was $173 million and $347 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $97 million and $191 million during the same periods in the prior year. Provision expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was affected by factors that caused increases in the ACL from both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, including deterioration in the economic forecasts used to calculate the ACL and higher period-end loan and lease balances. The increase in the ACL from December 31, 2024 was also driven by an increase in specific reserves on individually evaluated commercial and industrial loans. Net losses charged-off as a percent of average portfolio loans and leases were 0.45% and 0.49% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and 0.45% and 0.44% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. At June 30, 2025, nonperforming portfolio assets as a percent of portfolio loans and leases and OREO increased to 0.72% compared to 0.71% at December 31, 2024. For further discussion on credit quality, refer to the Credit Risk Management subsection of the Risk Management section of MD&A as well as Note 6 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Noninterest income increased $55 million and $38 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily due to increases in wealth and asset management revenue, consumer banking revenue, mortgage banking net revenue, other noninterest income and net securities gains, partially offset by a decrease in commercial banking revenue. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily due to increases in
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
wealth and asset management revenue, consumer banking revenue, mortgage banking net revenue and other noninterest income, partially offset by decreases in capital markets fees, commercial banking revenue and net securities gains.

Noninterest expense increased $43 million and $6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in compensation and benefits expense, technology and communications expense and marketing expense, partially offset by decreases in other noninterest expense.

For more information on net interest income, provision for credit losses, noninterest income and noninterest expense refer to the Statements of Income Analysis section of MD&A.

Capital Summary
The Bancorp calculated its regulatory capital ratios under the Basel III standardized approach to risk-weighting of assets as of June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2025, the Bancorp’s capital ratios, as defined by the U.S. banking agencies, were:
•CET1 capital ratio: 10.58%;
•Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio: 11.85%;
•Total risk-based capital ratio: 13.77%;
•Leverage ratio: 9.42%.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
The following are non-GAAP financial measures which provide useful insight to the reader of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements but should be supplemental to primary U.S. GAAP measures and should not be read in isolation or relied upon as a substitute for the primary U.S. GAAP measures. The Bancorp encourages readers to consider the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.

The FTE basis adjusts for the tax-favored status of income from certain loans and leases and securities held by the Bancorp that are not taxable for federal income tax purposes. The Bancorp believes this presentation to be the preferred industry measurement of net interest income as it provides a relevant comparison between taxable and non-taxable amounts.

The following table reconciles the non-GAAP financial measures of net interest income on an FTE basis, interest income on an FTE basis, net interest margin, net interest rate spread and the efficiency ratio to U.S. GAAP:
TABLE 2: Non-GAAP Financial Measures - Financial Measures and Ratios on an FTE basis
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Net interest income (U.S. GAAP)$1,495 1,387 2,932 2,771 
Add: FTE adjustment5 6 10 12 
Net interest income on an FTE basis (1)$1,500 1,393 2,942 2,783 
Net interest income on an FTE basis (annualized) (2)6,016 5,603 5,933 5,597 
Interest income (U.S. GAAP)$2,484 2,620 4,917 5,228 
Add: FTE adjustment5 6 10 12 
Interest income on an FTE basis$2,489 2,626 4,927 5,240 
Interest income on an FTE basis (annualized) (3)9,983 10,562 9,936 10,538 
Interest expense (annualized) (4)$3,967 4,959 4,003 4,941 
Noninterest income (5)750 695 1,444 1,406 
Noninterest expense (6)1,264 1,221 2,568 2,562 
Average interest-earning assets (7)192,682 194,499 192,745 194,924 
Average interest-bearing liabilities (8)142,913 146,361 143,595 146,447 
Ratios:
Net interest margin on an FTE basis (2) / (7)3.12 %2.88 3.08 2.87 
Net interest rate spread on an FTE basis ((3) / (7)) - ((4) / (8))2.40 2.04 2.36 2.04 
Efficiency ratio on an FTE basis (6) / ((1) + (5))56.2 58.5 58.6 61.2 

The Bancorp believes return on average tangible common equity is an important measure for comparative purposes with other financial institutions, but is not defined under U.S. GAAP, and therefore is considered a non-GAAP financial measure. This measure is useful for evaluating the performance of a business as it calculates the return available to common shareholders without the impact of intangible assets and their related amortization.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The following table reconciles the non-GAAP financial measure of return on average tangible common equity to U.S. GAAP:
TABLE 3: Non-GAAP Financial Measures - Return on Average Tangible Common Equity
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)
2025202420252024
Net income available to common shareholders (U.S. GAAP)$591 561 1,069 1,041 
Add: Intangible amortization, net of tax5 7 11 14 
Tangible net income available to common shareholders$596 568 1,080 1,055 
Tangible net income available to common shareholders (annualized) (1)2,391 2,284 2,178 2,122 
Average Bancorp shareholders’ equity (U.S. GAAP)$20,670 18,707 20,337 18,717 
Less: Average preferred stock2,116 2,116 2,116 2,116 
Average goodwill4,918 4,918 4,918 4,918 
Average intangible assets79 111 83 116 
Average tangible common equity (2)$13,557 11,562 13,220 11,567 
Return on average tangible common equity (1) / (2)17.6 %19.8 16.5 18.3 

The Bancorp considers various measures when evaluating capital utilization and adequacy, including the tangible equity ratio and tangible common equity ratio, in addition to capital ratios defined by the U.S. banking agencies. These calculations are intended to complement the capital ratios defined by the U.S. banking agencies for both absolute and comparative purposes. As U.S. GAAP does not include capital ratio measures, the Bancorp believes there are no comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures to these ratios. These ratios are not formally defined by U.S. GAAP or codified in the federal banking regulations and, therefore, are considered to be non-GAAP financial measures.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP capital ratios to U.S. GAAP:
TABLE 4: Non-GAAP Financial Measures - Capital Ratios
As of ($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Total Bancorp Shareholders’ Equity (U.S. GAAP)$21,124 19,645 
Less: Preferred stock2,116 2,116 
Goodwill4,918 4,918 
Intangible assets75 90 
AOCI(3,546)(4,636)
Tangible common equity, excluding AOCI (1)$17,561 17,157 
Add: Preferred stock2,116 2,116 
Tangible equity (2)$19,677 19,273 
Total Assets (U.S. GAAP)$209,991 212,927 
Less: Goodwill4,918 4,918 
Intangible assets75 90 
AOCI, before tax(4,666)(5,868)
Tangible assets, excluding AOCI (3)$209,664 213,787 
Ratios:
Tangible equity as a percentage of tangible assets (2) / (3)9.39  %9.02 
Tangible common equity as a percentage of tangible assets (1) / (3)8.38 8.03 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Note 3 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides a discussion of the significant new accounting standard applicable to the Bancorp and the expected impact of a significant accounting standard issued, but not yet required to be adopted.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Certain accounting policies require management to exercise judgment in determining methodologies, economic assumptions and estimates that may materially affect the Bancorp’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Bancorp’s critical accounting policies include the accounting for the ALLL, reserve for unfunded commitments, valuation of servicing rights, goodwill, legal contingencies and fair value measurements. These accounting policies are discussed in detail in the Critical Accounting Policies section of the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There have been no material changes to the valuation techniques or models during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

STATEMENTS OF INCOME ANALYSIS

Net Interest Income
Net interest income is the interest earned on loans and leases (including yield-related fees), securities and other short-term investments less the interest incurred on core deposits and wholesale funding (including CDs over $250,000, federal funds purchased, other short-term borrowings and long-term debt). The net interest margin is calculated by dividing net interest income by average interest-earning assets. Net interest rate spread is the difference between the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is typically greater than net interest rate spread due to the interest income earned on those assets that are funded by noninterest-bearing liabilities, or free funding, such as demand deposits or shareholders’ equity.

Tables 5 and 6 present the components of net interest income, net interest margin and net interest rate spread for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, as well as the relative impact of changes in the average balance sheet and changes in interest rates on net interest income. Nonaccrual loans and leases and loans and leases held for sale have been included in the average loan and lease balances. Average outstanding securities balances are based on amortized cost with any unrealized gains or losses included in average other assets.

Net interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) was $1.5 billion and $2.9 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, increasing $107 million and $159 million compared to the same periods in the prior year. Net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was positively impacted by lower rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities, higher average balances of loans and leases and increases in yields on average consumer loans and leases. These positive impacts were partially offset by decreases in the average balances of and yields on other short-term investments as well as lower yields on average commercial loans and leases.

Net interest rate spread on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) was 2.40% and 2.36% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to 2.04% for the same periods in the prior year. Rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities decreased 61 bps and 58 bps, partially offset by decreases in yields on average interest-earning assets of 25 bps and 26 bps for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year.

Net interest margin on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) was 3.12% and 3.08% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to 2.88% and 2.87% for the same periods in the prior year. Net interest margin for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was positively impacted by the previously mentioned increases in net interest rate spread and decreases in interest-earning assets, which included decreases in average other short-term investments partially offset by increases in average loans and leases. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 also included a $14 million benefit associated with the payoff of a partially charged-off commercial loan previously classified as nonaccrual. Net interest margin results are expected to remain stable or modestly increase over the next several quarters driven by loan growth, fixed-rate asset repricing and continued liability cost management, assuming the FOMC continues its easing cycle. However, net interest margin may be negatively impacted by increased deposit competition or higher levels of cash and other short-term investments.

Interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) from loans and leases increased $9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by an increase in the average balances of loans and leases and higher yields on average consumer loans due to fixed-rate asset repricing and the previously mentioned benefit from the payoff of a partially charged-off commercial loan previously classified as nonaccrual, partially offset by a decrease in yields on average commercial loans and leases associated with lower market rates. Interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) from loans and leases decreased $36 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by a decrease in yields on average commercial loans and leases associated with lower market rates, partially offset by an increase in the average balances of loans and leases and higher yields on average consumer loans due to fixed-rate asset repricing. For more information on the Bancorp’s loan and lease portfolio, refer to the Loans and Leases subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A. Interest income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) from other short-term investments decreased $146 million and $273 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively,
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily due to decreases in the average balances of and yields on other short-term investments associated with lower market rates.

Interest expense on average core deposits decreased $187 million and $351 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to decreases in the cost of average interest-bearing core deposits to 236 bps and 237 bps for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, from 295 bps and 293 bps for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. Refer to the Deposits subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A for additional information on the Bancorp’s deposits.

Interest expense on average wholesale funding decreased $57 million and $121 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily due to decreases in rates paid on average wholesale funding and decreases in the average balances of CDs over $250,000, partially offset by increases in the average balances of FHLB advances. Refer to the Borrowings subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A for additional information on the Bancorp’s borrowings. During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, average wholesale funding represented 16% of average interest-bearing liabilities compared to 17% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. For more information on the Bancorp’s interest rate risk management, including estimated earnings sensitivity to changes in market interest rates, refer to the Interest Rate and Price Risk Management subsection of the Risk Management section of MD&A.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
TABLE 5: Condensed Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Analysis of Net Interest Income on an FTE Basis
For the three months endedJune 30, 2025June 30, 2024
Attribution of Change in
Net Interest Income(a)
($ in millions)Average BalanceInterest Earned/PaidAverage Yield/ RateAverage BalanceInterest Earned/PaidAverage Yield/ RateVolumeYield/ RateTotal
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Loans and leases:(b)
 Commercial and industrial loans$54,109 847 6.28 %$52,389 929 7.13 %$30 (112)(82)
 Commercial mortgage loans12,420 190 6.12 11,353 177 6.26 16 (3)13 
 Commercial construction loans5,810 104 7.17 5,917 105 7.14 (2)1 (1)
 Commercial leases3,121 38 4.83 2,576 28 4.33 6 4 10 
Total commercial loans and leases$75,460 1,179 6.26 $72,235 1,239 6.90 $50 (110)(60)
Residential mortgage loans18,156 180 3.98 17,363 158 3.66 7 15 22 
Home equity4,383 81 7.42 3,929 82 8.37 9 (10)(1)
Indirect secured consumer loans17,248 242 5.63 15,373 198 5.18 25 19 44 
Credit card1,659 60 14.33 1,728 55 12.86 (2)7 5 
Solar energy installation loans4,268 86 8.10 3,916 81 8.35 7 (2)5 
Other consumer loans2,483 56 9.09 2,739 62 9.17 (6)— (6)
Total consumer loans$48,197 705 5.87 $45,048 636 5.69 $40 29 69 
Total loans and leases$123,657 1,884 6.11 %$117,283 1,875 6.43 %$90 (81)9 
Securities:
Taxable54,896 450 3.29 55,241 449 3.27 (3)4 1 
Exempt from income taxes(b)
1,347 10 3.19 1,366 11 3.27 — (1)(1)
Other short-term investments12,782 145 4.56 20,609 291 5.67 (97)(49)(146)
Total interest-earning assets$192,682 2,489 5.18 %$194,499 2,626 5.43 %$(10)(127)(137)
Cash and due from banks2,437 2,637 
Other assets17,819 17,656 
Allowance for loan and lease losses(2,384)(2,317)
Total assets
$210,554 $212,475 
Liabilities and Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest checking deposits(d)
$56,738 380 2.69 %$58,156 490 3.39 %$(12)(98)(110)
Savings deposits16,962 20 0.48 17,747 29 0.67 (1)(8)(9)
Money market deposits36,296 218 2.40 35,511 265 3.00 6 (53)(47)
CDs $250,000 or less10,494 92 3.52 10,767 113 4.22 (3)(18)(21)
Total interest-bearing core deposits$120,490 710 2.36 $122,181 897 2.95 $(10)(177)(187)
CDs over $250,0002,200 22 4.07 4,747 61 5.16 (28)(11)(39)
Federal funds purchased206 2 4.39 230 3 5.41 — (1)(1)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements353 1 1.16 373 2 1.97 — (1)(1)
FHLB advances4,976 57 4.59 3,165 45 5.71 22 (10)12 
Derivative collateral and other borrowed money89 1 5.61 54 1 6.87 — — — 
Long-term debt14,599 196 5.36 15,611 224 5.78 (14)(14)(28)
Total interest-bearing liabilities$142,913 989 2.78 %$146,361 1,233 3.39 %$(30)(214)(244)
Demand deposits40,885 40,266 
Other liabilities6,086 7,141 
Total liabilities$189,884 $193,768 
Total equity$20,670 $18,707 
Total liabilities and equity$210,554 $212,475 
Net interest income (FTE)(c)
$1,500 $1,393 $20 87 107 
Net interest margin (FTE)(c)
3.12 %2.88 %
Net interest rate spread (FTE)(c)
2.40 2.04 
Interest-bearing liabilities to interest-earning assets74.17 75.25 
(a)Changes in interest not solely due to volume or yield/rate are allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amount of change in volume and yield/rate.
(b)The FTE adjustments included in the above table were $5 and $6 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(c)This is a non-GAAP measure. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of MD&A.
(d)Effective January 1, 2025, foreign office deposits are included in interest checking. Prior periods have been adjusted to conform to current period presentation.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
TABLE 6: Condensed Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Analysis of Net Interest Income on an FTE Basis
For the six months ended
June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
Attribution of Change in
Net Interest Income(a)
($ in millions)Average BalanceInterest Earned/PaidAverage Yield/ RateAverage BalanceInterest Earned/PaidAverage Yield/ RateVolumeYield/ RateTotal
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Loans and leases:(b)
Commercial and industrial loans$53,772 1,666 6.25 %$52,820 1,867 7.11 %$33 (234)(201)
Commercial mortgage loans12,404 372 6.05 11,346 354 6.27 32 (14)18 
Commercial construction loans5,812 203 7.05 5,825 208 7.17 (1)(4)(5)
Commercial leases3,115 74 4.81 2,560 54 4.28 13 7 20 
Total commercial loans and leases$75,103 2,315 6.22 $72,551 2,483 6.88 $77 (245)(168)
Residential mortgage loans18,068 356 3.97 17,316 310 3.60 14 32 46 
Home equity4,303 160 7.49 3,931 163 8.33 15 (18)(3)
Indirect secured consumer loans16,864 469 5.60 15,273 384 5.06 42 43 85 
Credit card1,643 118 14.54 1,751 116 13.30 (8)10 2 
Solar energy installation loans4,245 170 8.06 3,855 155 8.07 16 (1)15 
Other consumer loans2,490 114 9.23 2,814 127 9.06 (15)2 (13)
Total consumer loans$47,613 1,387 5.87 $44,940 1,255 5.61 $64 68 132 
Total loans and leases$122,716 3,702 6.08 %$117,491 3,738 6.40 %$141 (177)(36)
Securities:
Taxable55,050 892 3.27 55,128 895 3.27 (1)(2)(3)
Exempt from income taxes(b)
1,370 22 3.19 1,403 23 3.27 — (1)(1)
Other short-term investments13,609 311 4.60 20,902 584 5.62 (179)(94)(273)
Total interest-earning assets$192,745 4,927 5.15 %$194,924 5,240 5.41 %$(39)(274)(313)
Cash and due from banks2,413 2,690 
Other assets17,766 17,544 
Allowance for loan and lease losses(2,368)(2,319)
Total assets
$210,556 $212,839 
Liabilities and Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest checking deposits(d)
$57,346 765 2.69 %$58,489 985 3.39 %$(19)(201)(220)
Savings deposits17,094 43 0.51 17,927 61 0.68 (3)(15)(18)
Money market deposits36,374 436 2.41 35,050 515 2.96 19 (98)(79)
CDs $250,000 or less10,438 184 3.53 10,505 218 4.18 (1)(33)(34)
Total interest-bearing core deposits$121,252 1,428 2.37 $121,971 1,779 2.93 $(4)(347)(351)
CDs over $250,0002,273 48 4.26 5,134 133 5.19 (64)(21)(85)
Federal funds purchased200 4 4.38 216 6 5.41 (1)(1)(2)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements320 2 1.05 369 4 1.90 (1)(1)(2)
FHLB advances4,872 111 4.60 3,138 89 5.71 42 (20)22 
Derivative collateral and other borrowed money86 2 6.02 56 2 7.05 1 (1)— 
Long-term debt14,592 390 5.37 15,563 444 5.74 (26)(28)(54)
Total interest-bearing liabilities$143,595 1,985 2.79 %$146,447 2,457 3.37 %$(53)(419)(472)
Demand deposits40,339 40,552 
Other liabilities6,285 7,123 
Total liabilities$190,219 $194,122 
Total equity$20,337 $18,717 
Total liabilities and equity$210,556 $212,839 
Net interest income (FTE)(c)
$2,942 $2,783 $14 145 159 
Net interest margin (FTE)(c)
3.08 %2.87 %
Net interest rate spread (FTE)(c)
2.36 2.04 
Interest-bearing liabilities to interest-earning assets74.50 75.13 
(a)Changes in interest not solely due to volume or yield/rate are allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amount of change in volume and yield/rate.
(b)The FTE adjustments included in the above table were $10 and $12 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(c)This is a non-GAAP measure. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of MD&A.
(d)Effective January 1, 2025, foreign office deposits are included in interest checking. Prior periods have been adjusted to conform to current period presentation.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

Provision for Credit Losses
The Bancorp provides, as an expense, an amount for expected credit losses within the loan and lease portfolio and the portfolio of unfunded commitments that is based on factors discussed in the Critical Accounting Policies section of the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The provision for credit losses was $173 million and $347 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $97 million and $191 million during the same periods in the prior year. Provision expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was affected by factors that caused increases in the ACL from both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, including deterioration in the economic forecasts used to calculate the ACL and higher period-end loan and lease balances. The increase in the ACL from December 31, 2024 was also driven by an increase in specific reserves on individually evaluated commercial and industrial loans.

The ALLL increased $60 million from December 31, 2024 to $2.4 billion at June 30, 2025. At June 30, 2025, the ALLL as a percent of portfolio loans and leases increased to 1.97%, compared to 1.96% at December 31, 2024. The reserve for unfunded commitments increased $12 million from December 31, 2024 to $146 million at June 30, 2025. At June 30, 2025, the ACL as a percent of portfolio loans and leases increased to 2.09%, compared to 2.08% at December 31, 2024.

Refer to the Credit Risk Management subsection of the Risk Management section of MD&A as well as Note 6 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the provision for credit losses, including an analysis of loan and lease portfolio composition, nonperforming assets, net charge-offs and other factors considered by the Bancorp in assessing the credit quality of the loan and lease portfolio and determining the level of the ACL.

Noninterest Income
Noninterest income increased $55 million and $38 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

The following table presents the components of noninterest income:
TABLE 7: Components of Noninterest Income
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)20252024% Change20252024% Change
Wealth and asset management revenue$166 159 4 $338 320 6
Commercial payments revenue152 154 (1)305 298 2
Consumer banking revenue147 139 6 284 275 3
Capital markets fees90 93 (3)179 190 (6)
Commercial banking revenue79 90 (12)160 174 (8)
Mortgage banking net revenue56 50 12 113 104 9
Other noninterest income44 7 529 58 32 81
Securities gains, net16 3 433 7 13 (46)
Total noninterest income$750 695 8 $1,444 1,406 3

Wealth and asset management revenue increased $7 million and $18 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily driven by increases in personal asset management revenue and brokerage income. The Bancorp’s trust and registered investment advisory businesses had approximately $657 billion and $631 billion in total assets under care as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and managed $73 billion and $65 billion in assets for individuals, corporations and not-for-profit organizations as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Commercial payments revenue increased $7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily driven by an increase in treasury management fees due to higher average revenue per existing customer, which included the benefit of cross sales to existing customers, and new client acquisition partially offset by a decrease in credit card interchange due to decreased customer spend.

Consumer banking revenue increased $8 million and $9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily driven by increases in deposit fees due to increased overdraft occurrences and debit card interchange due to increased transaction volumes.

Capital markets fees decreased $11 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily driven by decreases in merger and acquisition fees and revenue from commercial customer foreign exchange derivatives.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Commercial banking revenue decreased $11 million and $14 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily driven by decreases in operating lease income and business lending fees.

Mortgage banking net revenue increased $6 million and $9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

The following table presents the components of mortgage banking net revenue:
TABLE 8: Components of Mortgage Banking Net Revenue
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Origination fees and gains on loan sales$19 18 34 33 
Net mortgage servicing revenue:
Gross mortgage servicing fees73 78 147 155 
Net valuation adjustments on MSRs and free-standing derivatives
  purchased to economically hedge MSRs		(36)(46)(68)(84)
Net mortgage servicing revenue37 32 79 71 
Total mortgage banking net revenue$56 50 113 104 

Origination fees and gains on loan sales increased $1 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily driven by higher volumes of residential mortgage loan originations. Residential mortgage loan originations increased to $2.0 billion and $3.4 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, from $1.6 billion and $2.7 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, primarily due to increases in the average loan size originated and increases in correspondent channel volume.

The following table presents the components of net valuation adjustments on the MSR portfolio and the impact of the Bancorp’s hedging strategy:
TABLE 9: Components of Net Valuation Adjustments on MSRs
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Changes in fair value and settlement of free-standing derivatives purchased
  to economically hedge the MSR portfolio
$13 (16)32 (62)
Changes in fair value:
Due to changes in inputs or assumptions(a)
(8)10 (25)51 
Other changes in fair value(b)
(41)(40)(75)(73)
Net valuation adjustments on MSRs and free-standing derivatives purchased to economically hedge MSRs$(36)(46)(68)(84)
(a)Primarily reflects changes in prepayment speed and OAS assumptions which are updated based on market interest rates.
(b)Primarily reflects changes due to realized cash flows and the passage of time.

Net mortgage servicing revenue increased $5 million and $8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year as decreases in gross mortgage servicing fees of $5 million and $8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, were more than offset by decreases in negative valuation adjustments of $10 million and $16 million on the MSR and MSR related hedges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively. The valuation adjustments on the MSR portfolio included decreases of $8 million and $25 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and increases of $10 million and $51 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, due to changes in market rates and other inputs in the valuation model, including future prepayment speeds and OAS assumptions. The fair value of the MSR portfolio decreased $41 million and $75 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and decreased $40 million and $73 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, as a result of contractual principal payments and actual prepayment activity.

Further detail on the valuation of MSRs can be found in Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Bancorp maintains a non-qualifying hedging strategy to manage a portion of the risk associated with changes in the valuation of the MSR portfolio. Refer to Note 9 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the free-standing derivatives used to economically hedge the MSR portfolio. In addition to the derivative positions used to economically hedge the MSR portfolio, the Bancorp acquires various securities as a component of its non-qualifying hedging strategy. Net gains and losses on these securities were immaterial for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The Bancorp’s total residential mortgage loans serviced as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $108.0 billion and $113.7 billion, respectively, with $91.2 billion and $97.3 billion, respectively, of residential mortgage loans serviced for others.

Other noninterest income increased $37 million and $26 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 primarily due to decreases in the loss on the swap associated with the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares and increases in equity method investment income.

Net securities gains were $16 million and $7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $3 million and $13 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. For more information, refer to Note 4 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense increased $43 million and $6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year.

The following table presents the components of noninterest expense:
TABLE 10: Components of Noninterest Expense
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)20252024% Change20252024% Change
Compensation and benefits$698 656 6$1,447 1,409 3
Technology and communications126 114 11250 231 8
Net occupancy expense83 83 —171 170 1
Equipment expense41 38 882 76 8
Marketing expense43 34 2671 66 8
Loan and lease expense36 33 966 62 6
Card and processing expense22 21 543 41 5
Other noninterest expense215 242 (11)438 507 (14)
Total noninterest expense$1,264 1,221 4$2,568 2,562 —
Efficiency ratio on an FTE basis(a)
56.2 %58.5 58.6 61.2 
(a)This is a non-GAAP measure. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of MD&A.

Compensation and benefits expense increased $42 million and $38 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in performance-based compensation, base compensation and severance expense. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 also included an increase in non-qualified deferred compensation expense. Full-time equivalent employees totaled 18,690 at June 30, 2025 compared to 18,607 at June 30, 2024.
Technology and communications expense increased $12 million and $19 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increased investments in strategic initiatives and technology modernization.

Marketing expense increased $9 million and $5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increased spend on customer acquisition activities.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The following table presents the components of other noninterest expense:
TABLE 11: Components of Other Noninterest Expense
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
FDIC insurance and other taxes$35 47 77 120 
Data processing21 20 40 39 
Leasing business expense18 22 36 48 
Losses and adjustments17 27 33 49 
Dues and subscriptions16 16 33 31 
Travel16 15 31 30 
Securities recordkeeping14 13 28 26 
Postal and courier12 12 25 24 
Professional service fees13 14 25 23 
Cash and coin processing12 11 23 24 
Intangible amortization7 8 15 18 
Other, net34 37 72 75 
Total other noninterest expense$215 242 438 507 

Other noninterest expense decreased $27 million and $69 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in FDIC insurance and other taxes, losses and adjustments and leasing business expense.

FDIC insurance and other taxes decreased $12 million and $43 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to the expense recognized in the first half of 2024 associated with the Bancorp’s updated estimate of its allocated share of the FDIC’s special assessment. Losses and adjustments decreased $10 million and $16 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increased expense levels in the prior year related to remediation items. Leasing business expense decreased $4 million and $12 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by a decrease in depreciation expense associated with operating lease equipment.

Applicable Income Taxes
The Bancorp’s income before income taxes, applicable income tax expense and effective tax rate are as follows:
TABLE 12: Applicable Income Taxes
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Income before income taxes$808 764 1,461 1,424 
Applicable income tax expense180 163 319 302 
Effective tax rate22.2  %21.3 21.8 21.2 

Applicable income tax expense for all periods presented includes the benefits from tax-exempt income, tax-advantaged investments, and tax credits (and other related tax benefits), partially offset by the effect of proportional amortization of qualifying investments and certain nondeductible expenses. The tax credits are primarily associated with the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program established under Section 42 of the IRC, the New Markets Tax Credit program established under Section 45D of the IRC, the Rehabilitation Investment Tax Credit program established under Section 47 of the IRC and the Research Credit program established under Section 41 of the IRC.

The effective tax rate increased to 22.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 21.3% for the same period in the prior year primarily related to an increase in state tax expense. The effective tax rate increased to 21.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 21.2% for the same period in the prior year primarily related to an increase in state tax expense partially offset by an increase in excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS

Loans and Leases
The Bancorp classifies its commercial loans and leases based upon primary purpose and consumer loans based upon product or collateral. Table 13 summarizes end of period loans and leases, including loans and leases held for sale, and Table 14 summarizes average total loans and leases, including average loans and leases held for sale.
TABLE 13: Components of Total Loans and Leases (including loans and leases held for sale)
As of ($ in millions)June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$53,354 52,286 
Commercial mortgage loans12,135 12,268 
Commercial construction loans5,551 5,617 
Commercial leases3,186 3,188 
Total commercial loans and leases$74,226 73,359 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage loans18,253 18,117 
Home equity4,485 4,188 
Indirect secured consumer loans17,591 16,313 
Credit card1,707 1,734 
Solar energy installation loans4,316 4,202 
Other consumer loans2,464 2,518 
Total consumer loans$48,816 47,072 
Total loans and leases$123,042 120,431 
Total portfolio loans and leases (excluding loans and leases held for sale)$122,396 119,791 

Total loans and leases, including loans and leases held for sale, increased $2.6 billion, or 2%, from December 31, 2024 driven by increases in both consumer loans and commercial loans and leases.

Commercial loans and leases increased $867 million, or 1%, from December 31, 2024 primarily due to an increase in commercial and industrial loans. Commercial and industrial loans increased $1.1 billion, or 2%, from December 31, 2024 primarily as a result of loan originations exceeding payoffs.

Consumer loans increased $1.7 billion, or 4%, from December 31, 2024 primarily due to increases in indirect secured consumer loans and home equity. Indirect secured consumer loans increased $1.3 billion, or 8%, from December 31, 2024 primarily driven by higher loan production. Home equity increased $297 million, or 7%, from December 31, 2024 as loan originations and new advances exceeded payoffs, driven by increased marketing efforts.

TABLE 14: Components of Average Loans and Leases (including average loans and leases held for sale)
For the three months ended ($ in millions)June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$54,109 52,389 
Commercial mortgage loans12,420 11,353 
Commercial construction loans5,810 5,917 
Commercial leases3,121 2,576 
Total commercial loans and leases$75,460 72,235 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage loans18,156 17,363 
Home equity4,383 3,929 
Indirect secured consumer loans17,248 15,373 
Credit card1,659 1,728 
Solar energy installation loans4,268 3,916 
Other consumer loans2,483 2,739 
Total consumer loans$48,197 45,048 
Total average loans and leases$123,657 117,283 
Total average portfolio loans and leases (excluding loans and leases held for sale)$123,071 116,891 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Average loans and leases, including average loans and leases held for sale, increased $6.4 billion, or 5%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year driven by increases in both average commercial loans and leases and average consumer loans.

Average commercial loans and leases increased $3.2 billion, or 4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to increases in average commercial and industrial loans, average commercial mortgage loans and average commercial leases. Average commercial and industrial loans increased $1.7 billion, or 3%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily as a result of an increase in loan originations at the end of 2024 driving growth in the first half of 2025 as well as lower demand in the first half of 2024. Average commercial mortgage loans increased $1.1 billion, or 9%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year and included the impact of commercial construction loans transitioning to commercial mortgage loans and increased originations. Average commercial leases increased $545 million, or 21%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by an increase in lease originations as a result of a shift in business strategy in the second half of 2024 that has continued into 2025.

Average consumer loans increased $3.1 billion, or 7%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to increases in average indirect secured consumer loans, average residential mortgage loans, average home equity and average solar energy installation loans, partially offset by a decrease in average other consumer loans. Average indirect secured consumer loans increased $1.9 billion, or 12%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by higher loan production during the second half of 2024 that has continued into 2025 following a planned reduction in balances in the second half of 2023. Average residential mortgage loans increased $793 million, or 5%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by an increase in held-for-investment loan originations and loan purchase transactions completed in the second half of 2024. Average home equity loans increased $454 million, or 12%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year as loan originations and new advances exceeded payoffs, driven by increased marketing efforts. Average solar energy installation loans increased $352 million, or 9%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to loan originations exceeding payoffs. Average other consumer loans decreased $256 million, or 9%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by paydowns of point-of-sale loans, including loans originated in connection with one third-party point-of-sale company with which the Bancorp discontinued the origination of new loans in September 2022.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Investment Securities
The Bancorp uses investment securities as a means of managing interest rate risk, providing collateral for pledging purposes and for liquidity risk management. Total investment securities, which consist of available-for-sale debt and other securities, held-to-maturity securities, trading debt securities and equity securities, were $51.6 billion and $52.4 billion at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The taxable available-for-sale debt and other securities portfolio had an effective duration of 3.9 and 3.8 at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The taxable held-to-maturity securities portfolio had an effective duration of 5.3 and 5.5 at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Debt securities are classified as available-for-sale when, in management’s judgment, they may be sold in response to, or in anticipation of, changes in market conditions. Debt securities that management has the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost. Debt securities are classified as trading typically when bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. At June 30, 2025, the Bancorp’s investment securities portfolio consisted primarily of U.S. Treasury and other government guaranteed securities. The Bancorp held an immaterial amount of below-investment grade available-for-sale debt securities and held-to-maturity securities at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

At both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp did not recognize an allowance for credit losses for its investment securities. The Bancorp also did not recognize provision for credit losses for investment securities during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of impairment losses on its available-for-sale debt and other securities for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. The Bancorp recognized $5 million and $10 million of impairment losses on its available-for-sale debt and other securities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. These losses were included in securities gains, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and related to certain securities in unrealized loss positions where the Bancorp had determined that it no longer intended to hold the securities until the recovery of their amortized cost bases.

The following table summarizes the end of period components of investment securities:
TABLE 15: Components of Investment Securities

As of ($ in millions)		June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Available-for-sale debt and other securities (amortized cost basis):
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$3,505 4,358 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities7,515 6,460 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities23,383 23,853 
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities3,576 4,505 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities2,945 3,924 
Other securities(a)
807 778 
Total available-for-sale debt and other securities$41,731 43,878 
Held-to-maturity securities (amortized cost basis):(b)
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$2,404 2,370 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities5,238 4,898 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities3,986 4,008 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities2 2 
Total held-to-maturity securities$11,630 11,278 
Trading debt securities (fair value):
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$723 626 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions securities35 120 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities26 10 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities540 429 
Total trading debt securities$1,324 1,185 
Total equity securities (fair value)$404 341 
(a)Other securities consist of FHLB, FRB and DTCC restricted stock holdings that are carried at cost.
(b)Includes a discount of $805 and $865 at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, pertaining to the remaining unamortized portion of unrealized losses on securities transferred to HTM.

In January 2024, the Bancorp transferred $12.6 billion (amortized cost basis) of investment securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity to reflect the Bancorp’s change in intent to hold these securities to maturity in order to reduce potential capital volatility associated
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
with investment security market price fluctuations. The transfer included U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities, agency residential mortgage-backed securities and agency commercial mortgage-backed securities. On the date of the transfer, pre-tax unrealized losses of $994 million were included in AOCI related to these transferred securities. The unrealized losses that existed on the date of transfer will continue to be reported as a component of AOCI and will be amortized into income over the remaining life of the securities as an adjustment to yield, offsetting the amortization of the discount resulting from the transfer recorded at fair value.

The following table presents the estimated future amortization of unrealized losses related to investment securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. At June 30, 2025, these transferred securities had an estimated weighted-average life of 6.7 years.
TABLE 16: Estimated Amortization of Unrealized Losses on Securities Transferred to Held-to-Maturity
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Remainder of 2025$30 
202665 
202779 
2028113 
202956 
Thereafter462 
Unamortized portion of unrealized losses
$805 

On an amortized cost basis, available-for-sale debt and other securities and held-to-maturity securities comprised 28% of total interest-earning assets at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The estimated weighted-average life of the debt securities in the available-for-sale debt and other securities portfolio was 5.1 years and 5.0 years at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In addition, the debt securities in the available-for-sale debt and other securities portfolio had a weighted-average yield of 3.09% and 3.08% at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The held-to-maturity securities portfolio had an estimated weighted-average life of 6.8 years and 6.9 years at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In addition, the held-to-maturity securities portfolio had a weighted-average yield of 3.51% and 3.41% at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Information presented in Tables 17 and 18 is on a weighted-average life basis, anticipating future prepayments. Yield information is presented on an FTE basis and is computed using amortized cost balances and reflects the impact of prepayments. Maturity and yield calculations for the total available-for-sale debt and other securities portfolio exclude other securities that have no stated yield or maturity.

The fair values of investment securities are impacted by interest rates, credit spreads, market volatility and liquidity conditions. The fair value of the Bancorp’s investment securities portfolio generally decreases when interest rates increase or when credit spreads widen, and, conversely, increases when interest rates decrease or when credit spreads contract. Total net unrealized losses on the available-for-sale debt and other securities portfolio were $3.5 billion and $4.3 billion at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
TABLE 17: Characteristics of Available-for-Sale Debt and Other Securities
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Amortized Cost
Fair Value		Weighted-Average Life
(in years)		Weighted-Average Yield
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities:
Average life within one year$2,305 2,307 0.64.48 %
Average life after one year through five years1,200 1,201 1.24.49 
Total$3,505 3,508 0.84.48 %
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities:
Average life within one year8 8 0.83.52 
Average life after one year through five years1,332 1,251 3.62.83 
Average life after five years through ten years5,424 5,035 7.03.97 
Average life after ten years751 593 10.92.92 
Total$7,515 6,887 6.83.66  %
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities:(a)
Average life within one year846 837 0.53.33 
Average life after one year through five years10,182 9,634 3.02.66 
Average life after five years through ten years9,596 8,243 7.12.65 
Average life after ten years2,759 2,229 11.62.75 
Total$23,383 20,943 5.62.69  %
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities:
Average life within one year471 466 0.33.21 
Average life after one year through five years1,271 1,225 2.13.18 
Average life after five years through ten years1,834 1,632 6.22.79 
Total$3,576 3,323 4.02.98  %
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities:
Average life within one year606 602 0.53.43 
Average life after one year through five years1,938 1,821 3.12.99 
Average life after five years through ten years401 379 6.04.39 
Total$2,945 2,802 3.03.27  %
Other securities807 807 
Total available-for-sale debt and other securities$41,731 38,270 5.13.09  %
(a)Taxable-equivalent yield adjustments included in the above table are 0.02%, 0.16% and 0.03% for securities with an average life between 5 and 10 years, average life greater than 10 years and in total, respectively.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
TABLE 18: Characteristics of Held-to-Maturity Securities
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)

Amortized Cost(b)

Fair Value		Weighted-Average Life
(in years)		Weighted-Average Yield
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities:
Average life within one year$584 584 0.82.18 %
Average life after one year through five years1,820 1,830 3.12.48 
Total$2,404 2,414 2.52.41 %
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities:
Average life after five years through ten years5,211 5,107 9.13.67 
Average life after ten years27 26 10.33.56 
Total$5,238 5,133 9.13.67  %
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities:(a)
Average life within one year46 46 0.43.55 
Average life after one year through five years956 965 3.53.85 
Average life after five years through ten years2,626 2,630 6.83.93 
Average life after ten years358 357 11.04.68 
Total$3,986 3,998 6.33.97  %
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities:
Average life after ten years2 2 10.37.65 
Total$2 2 10.37.65  %
Total held-to-maturity securities$11,630 11,547 6.83.51  %
(a)Taxable-equivalent yield adjustments included in the above table are 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.54% and 0.08% for securities with an average life between 1 and 5 years, average life between 5 and 10 years, average life greater than 10 years and in total, respectively.
(b)Includes a discount of $805 pertaining to the unamortized portion of unrealized losses on HTM securities.

Other Short-Term Investments
Other short-term investments have original maturities less than one year and primarily include interest-bearing balances that are funds on deposit at the FRB or other depository institutions. The Bancorp uses other short-term investments to manage liquidity risk. Other short-term investments were $13.0 billion at June 30, 2025, a decrease of $4.1 billion from December 31, 2024. This decrease was primarily due to deploying excess liquidity to fund loan growth and proactive liability management during the six months ended June 30, 2025.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Deposits
The Bancorp’s deposit balances represent an important source of funding and revenue growth opportunity. The Bancorp continues to focus on core deposit growth in its retail and commercial franchises by improving customer satisfaction, building full relationships and offering competitive rates and through its strategy of expanding retail presence in high-growth markets, such as in the Southeast. Average core deposits represented 77% and 76% of average total assets for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The following table presents the end of period components of deposits:
TABLE 19: Components of Deposits
As of ($ in millions)June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Demand$42,174 41,038 
Interest checking(b)
55,524 59,306 
Savings16,614 17,147 
Money market36,586 36,605 
Total transaction deposits$150,898 154,096 
CDs $250,000 or less10,883 10,798 
Total core deposits$161,781 164,894 
CDs over $250,000(a)
2,426 2,358 
Total deposits$164,207 167,252 
(a)Includes $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion of retail brokered CDs which are fully covered by FDIC insurance as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(b)Effective January 1, 2025, foreign office deposits are included in interest checking. Prior periods have been adjusted to conform to current period presentation.

Core deposits decreased $3.1 billion, or 2%, from December 31, 2024 primarily due to a decrease in transaction deposits. Transaction deposits decreased $3.2 billion, or 2%, from December 31, 2024 primarily driven by decreases in interest checking deposits and savings deposits, partially offset by an increase in demand deposits. Interest checking deposits decreased $3.8 billion, or 6%, from December 31, 2024 primarily as a result of lower balances per commercial customer account, a decrease in derivative collateral held as a result of lower interest rates as well as seasonal impacts which contributed to lower balances per consumer customer account. Savings deposits decreased $533 million, or 3%, from December 31, 2024 primarily due to lower average balances per consumer customer account partially driven by the impact of consumer preferences for products with higher offering rates. Demand deposits increased $1.1 billion, or 3%, from December 31, 2024 primarily due to higher balances per commercial customer account as well as growth in the number of accounts.

The following table presents the components of average deposits for the three months ended:
TABLE 20: Components of Average Deposits
($ in millions)June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
Demand$40,885 40,266 
Interest checking(b)
56,738 58,156 
Savings16,962 17,747 
Money market36,296 35,511 
Total transaction deposits$150,881 151,680 
CDs $250,000 or less10,494 10,767 
Total core deposits$161,375 162,447 
CDs over $250,000(a)
2,200 4,747 
Total average deposits$163,575 167,194 
(a)Includes $1.1 billion and $3.8 billion of retail brokered CDs which are fully covered by FDIC insurance for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(b)Effective January 1, 2025, foreign office deposits are included in interest checking. Prior periods have been adjusted to conform to current period presentation.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
On an average basis, core deposits decreased $1.1 billion, or 1%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to decreases in average transaction deposits and average CDs $250,000 or less. Average transaction deposits decreased $799 million, or 1%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in average interest checking deposits and average savings deposits, partially offset by increases in average money market deposits and average demand deposits. Average interest checking deposits decreased $1.4 billion, or 2%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to lower average balances per commercial and consumer customer accounts and a decrease in derivative collateral held as a result of lower interest rates. Average savings deposits decreased $785 million, or 4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to lower average balances per consumer customer account partially driven by the impact of consumer preferences for products with higher offering rates. Average money market deposits increased $785 million, or 2%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily as a result of higher average balances per consumer customer account due to higher offering rates. Average demand deposits increased $619 million, or 2%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily as a result of an increase in consumer customer accounts and average balances per consumer customer account. Average CDs $250,000 or less decreased $273 million, or 3%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to maturities which outpaced new issuances given current market conditions.

Average CDs over $250,000 decreased $2.5 billion, or 54%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to maturities of retail brokered CDs.

Contractual maturities
The contractual maturities of CDs as of June 30, 2025 are summarized in the following table:
TABLE 21: Contractual Maturities of CDs(a)
($ in millions)
Next 12 months$12,682 
13-24 months577 
25-36 months20 
37-48 months8 
49-60 months20 
After 60 months2 
Total CDs$13,309 
(a)Includes CDs $250,000 or less and CDs over $250,000.

Deposit insurance
The FDIC generally provides a standard amount of insurance of $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category defined by the FDIC. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately $100.3 billion, or 61%, and $100.6 billion, or 60%, respectively, of the Bancorp’s domestic deposits were estimated to be insured. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately $63.8 billion and $66.5 billion, respectively, of the Bancorp’s domestic deposits were estimated to be uninsured. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, of time deposits were estimated to be uninsured. Where information is not readily available to determine the amount of insured deposits, the amount of uninsured deposits is estimated, consistent with the methodologies and assumptions utilized in providing information to the Bank’s regulators.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Borrowings
The Bancorp accesses a variety of short-term and long-term funding sources. Borrowings with original maturities of one year or less are classified as short-term and include federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings. Total average borrowings as a percent of average interest-bearing liabilities were 14% and 13% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The following table summarizes the end of period components of borrowings:
TABLE 22: Components of Borrowings
As of ($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Federal funds purchased$178 204 
Other short-term borrowings3,393 4,450 
Long-term debt14,492 14,337 
Total borrowings$18,063 18,991 

Total borrowings decreased $928 million, or 5%, from December 31, 2024 primarily due to a decrease in other short-term borrowings. Other short-term borrowings decreased $1.1 billion from December 31, 2024 primarily due to proactive liability management resulting in lower other short-term investments. The level of other short-term borrowings can fluctuate significantly from period to period depending on funding needs and the sources that are used to satisfy those needs. For further information on the components of other short-term borrowings, refer to Note 10 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table summarizes components of average borrowings for the three months ended:
TABLE 23: Components of Average Borrowings
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		June 30,
2024
Federal funds purchased$206 230 
Other short-term borrowings5,418 3,592 
Long-term debt14,599 15,611 
Total average borrowings$20,223 19,433 

Total average borrowings increased $790 million, or 4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to an increase in average other short-term borrowings partially offset by a decrease in average long-term debt. Average other short-term borrowings increased $1.8 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to increased funding needs resulting from loan growth and a decrease in core deposits. Average long-term debt decreased $1.0 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by redemptions or maturities of $1.8 billion of notes, a $1.5 billion reduction in long-term FHLB advances and $450 million of paydowns associated with loan securitizations since June 30, 2024. These decreases were partially offset by the issuance of $750 million of senior fixed-rate/floating-rate notes in September 2024, the issuance of $1.0 billion of senior fixed-rate/floating-rate notes in January 2025 and $154 million of fair value adjustments associated with hedged long-term debt since June 30, 2024. Information on the average rates paid on borrowings is discussed in the Net Interest Income subsection of the Statements of Income Analysis section of MD&A. In addition, refer to the Liquidity Risk Management subsection of the Risk Management section of MD&A for a discussion on the role of borrowings in the Bancorp’s liquidity management.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
BUSINESS SEGMENT REVIEW
The Bancorp has three reportable segments: Commercial Banking, Consumer and Small Business Banking and Wealth and Asset Management. Additional information on each segment is included in Note 19 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Results of the Bancorp’s segments are presented based on its management structure and management accounting practices, which are specific to the Bancorp. Therefore, the financial results of the Bancorp’s segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial institutions. The Bancorp refines its methodologies from time to time as management’s accounting practices and businesses change.

The Bancorp manages interest rate risk centrally at the corporate level. By employing an FTP methodology, the segments are insulated from most benchmark interest rate volatility, enabling them to focus on serving customers through the origination of loans and acceptance of deposits. The FTP methodology assigns charge and credit rates to classes of assets and liabilities, respectively, based on the estimated amount and timing of the cash flows for each transaction.

The Bancorp adjusts the FTP charge and credit rates as dictated by changes in interest rates for various interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and by the review of behavioral assumptions, such as prepayment rates on interest-earning assets and the estimated durations for indeterminate-lived deposits. In general, the charge rates on assets decreased since December 31, 2024 as they were affected by the prevailing level of interest rates and repricing characteristics of the portfolio. The credit rates for deposit products have also generally decreased since December 31, 2024 due to reduced liquidity premium assumptions and decreasing short-term interest rates.

For more information about the Bancorp’s FTP process and other allocation methodologies, refer to the Business Segment Review section included in MD&A of the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In January 2025, the Bancorp realigned its reporting structure and moved certain business banking customer relationships and relationship management personnel to the Consumer and Small Business Banking segment from the Commercial Banking segment to improve alignment of customer acquisition and servicing resources with customer product and service demand. In conjunction with this change, the loans, deposits and operating results associated with the affected business banking customer relationships were reclassified from the Commercial Banking segment to the Consumer and Small Business Banking segment effective January 1, 2025. This change was applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented.

The following table summarizes income (loss) before income taxes on an FTE basis by segment:
TABLE 24: Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes (FTE) by Segment
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Commercial Banking$384 372 646 796 
Consumer and Small Business Banking648 648 1,170 1,335 
Wealth and Asset Management65 59 116 117 
General Corporate and Other(a)
(284)(309)(461)(812)
Income before income taxes (FTE)(b)
$813 770 1,471 1,436 
(a)General Corporate and Other is not a reportable segment and is presented for reconciliation purposes.
(b)Includes FTE adjustments of $5 and $6 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $10 and $12 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Commercial Banking
Commercial Banking offers credit intermediation, cash management and financial services to large and middle-market businesses and government and professional customers. In addition to the traditional lending and depository offerings, Commercial Banking products and services include global cash management, foreign exchange and international trade finance, derivatives and capital markets services, asset-based lending, real estate finance, public finance, commercial leasing and syndicated finance.

The following table contains selected financial data for the Commercial Banking segment:
TABLE 25: Commercial Banking
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Income Statement Data
Net interest income (FTE)(a)
$595 634 1,147 1,298 
Provision for credit losses79 137 159 208 
Noninterest income:
Commercial payments revenue132 132 265 255 
Capital markets fees89 91 178 188 
Commercial banking revenue78 89 157 173 
Other noninterest income22 8 22 26 
Noninterest expense:
Compensation and benefits151 153 329 339 
Net occupancy and equipment expense17 15 34 32 
Other noninterest expense285 277 601 565 
Income before income taxes (FTE)(a)
$384 372 646 796 
Average Balance Sheet Data
Commercial loans and leases, including held for sale$68,777 66,790 68,592 67,140 
Demand deposits16,257 16,679 16,094 17,166 
Interest checking deposits39,317 39,195 39,626 39,397 
Savings deposits128 145 129 149 
Money market deposits4,436 4,495 4,550 4,487 
Certificates of deposit32 46 32 58 
(a)Includes FTE adjustments of $3 and $4 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $6 and $8 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Income before income taxes on an FTE basis was $384 million and $646 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $372 million and $796 million for the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by a decrease in provision for credit losses, partially offset by a decrease in net interest income on an FTE basis and an increase in noninterest expense. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was driven by a decrease in net interest income on an FTE basis, an increase in noninterest expense and a decrease in noninterest income, partially offset by a decrease in provision for credit losses.

Net interest income on an FTE basis decreased $39 million and $151 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in yields on average commercial loans and leases and decreases in FTP credits on deposits. These negative impacts were partially offset by decreases in FTP charges on commercial loans and leases, decreases in rates paid on average interest-bearing deposits and increases in the average balances of commercial loans and leases.

Provision for credit losses decreased $58 million and $49 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in the allocated provision for credit losses related to commercial criticized assets and the impact of net charge-offs on commercial loans and leases which decreased for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and increased for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Annualized net charge-offs as a percent of average portfolio loans and leases decreased to 35 bps for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 45 bps for the same period in the prior year and increased to 33 bps for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to 31 bps for the same period in the prior year.

Noninterest income increased $1 million and decreased $20 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by an increase in other noninterest income, partially offset by a decrease in commercial banking revenue. Other noninterest income increased $14 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to the recognition of an immaterial amount of net securities gains for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to net securities losses of $7 million for the same period in the prior
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year as well as an increase in equity method investment income. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by decreases in commercial banking revenue and capital markets fees, partially offset by an increase in commercial payments revenue. Refer to the Noninterest Income subsection of the Statement of Income Analysis section of MD&A for additional information on the fluctuations in commercial banking revenue, capital markets fees and commercial payments revenue.

Noninterest expense increased $8 million and $28 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in other noninterest expense. Other noninterest expense increased $8 million and $36 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in allocated expenses and credit valuation adjustments on derivatives associated with customer accommodation contracts, partially offset by decreases in leasing business expense. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year was partially offset by a decrease in compensation and benefits expense. Compensation and benefits expense decreased $10 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in performance-based compensation.

Average commercial loans and leases increased $2.0 billion and $1.5 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in average commercial mortgage loans, average commercial leases and average commercial and industrial loans. Refer to the Loans and Leases subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A for additional information on these fluctuations.

Average deposits decreased $390 million and $826 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to decreases in average demand deposits, partially offset by increases in average interest checking deposits. Average demand deposits decreased $422 million and $1.1 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily as a result of lower average balances per customer account. Average interest checking deposits increased $122 million and $229 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in balances associated with embedded payments products.






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Consumer and Small Business Banking
Consumer and Small Business Banking provides a full range of deposit and loan products to individuals and small businesses through a network of full-service banking centers and relationships with indirect and correspondent loan originators in addition to providing products designed to meet the specific needs of small businesses, including cash management services. Consumer and Small Business Banking includes the Bancorp’s residential mortgage, home equity loans and lines of credit, credit cards, automobile and other indirect lending, solar energy installation and other consumer lending activities. Residential mortgage activities include the origination, retention and servicing of residential mortgage loans, sales and securitizations of those loans and all associated hedging activities. Indirect lending activities include extending loans to consumers through automobile dealers, motorcycle dealers, powersport dealers, recreational vehicle dealers and marine dealers. Solar energy installation loans and certain other consumer loans are originated through a network of contractors and installers.

The following table contains selected financial data for the Consumer and Small Business Banking segment:
TABLE 26: Consumer and Small Business Banking
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Income Statement Data
Net interest income$1,085 1,081 2,060 2,232 
Provision for credit losses84 70 168 154 
Noninterest income:
Consumer banking revenue146 138 282 273 
Wealth and asset management revenue66 62 132 121 
Mortgage banking net revenue56 50 112 104 
Commercial payments revenue22 22 41 43 
Other noninterest income3 3 6 5 
Noninterest expense:
Compensation and benefits230 229 465 466 
Net occupancy and equipment expense67 67 137 133 
Marketing expense31 19 50 42 
Loan and lease expense21 22 39 39 
Other noninterest expense297 301 604 609 
Income before income taxes$648 648 1,170 1,335 
Average Balance Sheet Data
Consumer loans, including held for sale$45,304 42,355 44,768 42,230 
Commercial loans5,008 4,048 4,884 3,974 
Demand deposits23,349 22,718 23,001 22,335 
Interest checking deposits10,928 11,107 10,937 11,162 
Savings deposits14,112 14,731 14,065 14,864 
Money market deposits31,376 30,547 31,340 30,085 
Certificates of deposit11,219 11,404 11,145 11,244 
Income before income taxes was $648 million and $1.2 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $648 million and $1.3 billion for the same periods in the prior year. Income before income taxes was flat for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year as increases in noninterest income and net interest income were offset by increases in provision for credit losses and noninterest expense. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was driven by a decrease in net interest income and increases in provision for credit losses and noninterest expense, partially offset by an increase in noninterest income.

Net interest income decreased $172 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year primarily driven by a decrease in FTP credits on deposits and an increase in FTP charges on loans and leases. These negative impacts were partially offset by increases in the average balances of and yields on loans and leases as well as a decrease in rates paid on average interest-bearing deposits.

Provision for credit losses increased $14 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in net charge-offs on average commercial and industrial loans. Annualized net charge-offs as a percent of average portfolio loans and leases increased to 64 bps and 67 bps for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to 61 bps and 66 bps for the same periods in the prior year.

Noninterest income increased $18 million and $27 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in wealth and asset management revenue, mortgage banking net revenue and
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consumer banking revenue. Wealth and asset management revenue increased $4 million and $11 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in personal asset management revenue and brokerage income. Refer to the Noninterest Income subsection of the Statement of Income Analysis section of MD&A for additional information on the fluctuations in mortgage banking net revenue and consumer banking revenue.

Noninterest expense increased $8 million and $6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in marketing expense. Marketing expense increased $12 million and $8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increased spend on customer acquisition activities.

Average consumer loans increased $2.9 billion and $2.5 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in average indirect secured consumer loans, average residential mortgage loans, average solar energy installation loans and average home equity, partially offset by decreases in average other consumer loans. Refer to the Loans and Leases subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A for additional information on the fluctuations in average indirect secured consumer loans, average residential mortgage loans, average solar energy installation loans, average home equity and average other consumer loans. Average commercial loans increased $960 million and $910 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by loan originations exceeding payoffs.

Average deposits increased $477 million and $798 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in average money market deposits and average demand deposits, partially offset by decreases in average savings deposits. Average money market deposits increased $829 million and $1.3 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily as a result of higher average balances per customer account due to higher offering rates. Average demand deposits increased $631 million and $666 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily as a result of an increase in customer accounts and average balances per customer account. Average savings deposits decreased $619 million and $799 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to lower average balances per customer account partially driven by the impact of consumer preferences for products with higher offering rates.

Wealth and Asset Management
Wealth and Asset Management provides a full range of wealth management solutions for individuals, companies and not-for-profit organizations, including wealth planning, investment management, banking, insurance, trust and estate services. These offerings include retail brokerage services for individual clients, advisory services for institutional clients including middle market businesses, non-profits, states and municipalities, and wealth management strategies and products for high net worth and ultra-high net worth clients.

The following table contains selected financial data for the Wealth and Asset Management segment:
TABLE 27: Wealth and Asset Management
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Income Statement Data
Net interest income$57 54 106 112 
(Benefit from) provision for credit losses(2)— (2)— 
Noninterest income:
Wealth and asset management revenue100 96 205 197 
Other noninterest income1 2 6 3 
Noninterest expense:
Compensation and benefits55 52 117 114 
Other noninterest expense40 41 86 81 
Income before income taxes$65 59 116 117 
Average Balance Sheet Data
Loans and leases, including held for sale$4,550 4,049 4,443 4,106 
Deposits10,043 10,507 10,430 10,621 
Income before income taxes was $65 million and $116 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $59 million and $117 million for the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by increases in net interest income and noninterest income, partially offset by an increase in noninterest expense. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by an increase in noninterest expense and a decrease in net interest income, partially offset by an increase in noninterest income.
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Net interest income increased $3 million and decreased $6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by a decrease in rates paid on average deposits, partially offset by a decrease in FTP credits on deposits. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by a decrease in FTP credits on deposits, partially offset by a decrease in rates paid on average deposits.

Noninterest income increased $3 million and $11 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in wealth and asset management revenue, which increased $4 million and $8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, primarily driven by increases in personal asset management revenue.

Noninterest expense increased $2 million and $8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to increases in compensation and benefits expense, which increased $3 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in base compensation. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2025 also included an increase in other noninterest expense, which increased $5 million compared to the same period in the prior year and included an increase in allocated expenses.

Average loans and leases increased $501 million and $337 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by increases in average commercial and industrial loans, average other consumer loans and average commercial mortgage loans as loan production exceeded payoffs.

Average deposits decreased $464 million and $191 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in average interest checking deposits and average savings deposits as a result of lower average balances per customer account, partially offset by increases in average CDs and average demand deposits.
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General Corporate and Other
General Corporate and Other includes the unallocated portion of the investment securities portfolio, securities gains and losses, certain non-core deposit funding, unassigned equity, unallocated provision for credit losses or a benefit from the reduction of the ACL, the payment of preferred stock dividends and certain support activities and other items not attributed to its segments.

Net interest income on an FTE basis increased $139 million and $488 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in FTP credits on deposits allocated to the segments and decreases in interest expense on retail brokered CDs and long-term debt, partially offset by decreases in interest income on other short-term investments and decreases in FTP charges on loans and leases allocated to the segments. The decrease in FTP charges allocated to the segments was driven by decreases in market interest rates, primarily affecting the variable-rate asset portfolios. The decrease in FTP credits allocated to the segments was driven by lower FTP credit rates paid on deposits as a result of lower market interest rates and reduced liquidity premium assumptions. Under the Bancorp’s internal reporting methodology, the Bancorp insulates the segments from interest rate risk associated with fixed-rate lending by transferring this risk to General Corporate and Other through the FTP methodology. As a result, the amount of FTP credits on deposits earned by the segments generally increases or decreases at a faster pace than the amount of allocated FTP charges on loans and leases.

The provision for credit losses was $12 million and $22 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to a benefit from credit losses of $110 million and $171 million for the same periods in the prior year. The provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by decreases in allocations to the segments.

Noninterest income increased $33 million and $20 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily driven by decreases in the loss on the swap associated with the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares and included the impact of net securities gains which increased for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and decreased for the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Noninterest expense increased $25 million and decreased $36 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by increases in compensation and benefits expense and technology and communications expense, partially offset by the expense recognized in 2024 associated with an FDIC special assessment and an increase in corporate overhead allocations from General Corporate and Other to the other segments. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily driven by an increase in corporate overhead allocations from General Corporate and Other to the other segments and the expense recognized in 2024 associated with an FDIC special assessment, partially offset by increases in compensation and benefits expense and technology and communications expense.
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RISK MANAGEMENT - OVERVIEW
The Risk Management Overview section included in Item 7 of the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K describes the Bancorp’s Enterprise Risk Management Framework and Three Lines of Defense structure as well as key areas of risk, which include credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, price risk, legal and regulatory compliance risk, operational risk, reputation risk and strategic risk. Item 7 of the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K also includes additional detailed information about the Bancorp’s processes related to operational risk management as well as legal and regulatory compliance risk management. The following information should be read in conjunction with the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT
Credit risk management utilizes a framework that encompasses consistent processes for identifying, assessing, managing, monitoring and reporting credit risk. These processes are supported by a credit risk governance structure that includes Board oversight, policies, risk limits and risk committees.

The objective of the Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy is to quantify and manage credit risk on an aggregate portfolio basis, as well as to limit the risk of loss resulting from the failure of a borrower or counterparty to honor its financial or contractual obligations to the Bancorp. The Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy is based on three core principles: conservatism, diversification and monitoring. The Bancorp believes that effective credit risk management begins with conservative lending practices which are described below. These practices include the use of intentional risk-based limits for single name exposures and counterparty selection criteria designed to reduce or eliminate exposure to borrowers who have higher than average default risk and defined weaknesses in financial performance. The Bancorp carefully designs and monitors underwriting, documentation and collection standards. The Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy also emphasizes diversification on a geographic, industry, product and customer level as well as ongoing portfolio monitoring and timely management reviews of large credit exposures and credits experiencing deterioration of credit quality. Credit officers with the authority to extend credit are delegated specific authority based on risk and exposure amount, the use of which is closely monitored. Underwriting activities are centrally managed, and Credit Risk Management manages the policy and the authority delegation process directly. The Credit Risk Review function provides independent and objective assessments of the quality of underwriting and documentation, the accuracy of risk ratings and the charge-off, nonaccrual and reserve analysis process. The Bancorp’s credit review process and overall assessment of the adequacy of the ACL is based on quarterly assessments of the estimated losses expected in the loan and lease portfolio. The Bancorp uses these assessments to maintain an adequate ACL and record any necessary charge-offs. Certain loans and leases with probable or observed credit weaknesses receive enhanced monitoring and undergo a periodic review. Refer to Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for further information on the Bancorp’s credit rating categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions. In addition, stress testing is performed on various commercial and consumer portfolios utilizing various models. For certain portfolios, such as real estate and leveraged lending, stress testing is performed at the individual loan level during credit underwriting.

In addition to the individual review of larger commercial loans that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses, the commercial credit review process includes the use of two risk rating systems. The first of these risk rating systems is based on regulatory guidance for credit risk rating systems. These ratings are used by the Bancorp to monitor and manage its credit risk. The Bancorp also separately maintains a dual risk rating system for credit approval and pricing, portfolio monitoring and capital allocation that includes a “through-the-cycle” rating philosophy for assessing a borrower’s creditworthiness. This “through-the-cycle” rating philosophy uses a grading scale that assigns ratings based on average default rates through an entire business cycle for borrowers with similar financial performance. The dual risk rating system includes thirteen categories for estimating probabilities of default and an additional eleven categories for estimating losses given an event of default. The probability of default and loss given default evaluations are not separated in the regulatory risk rating system.

The Bancorp utilizes internally developed models to estimate expected credit losses for portfolio loans and leases. For loans and leases that are collectively evaluated, the Bancorp utilizes these models to forecast expected credit losses over a reasonable and supportable forecast period based on the probability of a loan or lease defaulting, the expected balance at the estimated date of default and the expected loss percentage given a default. Refer to Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information about the Bancorp’s processes for developing these models, for estimating credit losses for periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period and for estimating credit losses for individually evaluated loans.

For the commercial portfolio segment, the estimated probabilities of default are primarily based on the probability of default ratings assigned under the dual risk rating system and historical observations of how those ratings migrate to a default over time in the context of macroeconomic conditions. For loans with available credit, the estimate of the expected balance at the time of default considers expected utilization rates, which are primarily based on macroeconomic conditions and the utilization history of similar borrowers under those economic conditions. The estimates for loss severity are primarily based on collateral type and coverage levels and the susceptibility of those characteristics to changes in macroeconomic conditions.

For collectively evaluated loans in the consumer and residential mortgage portfolio segments, the Bancorp’s expected credit loss models primarily utilize the borrower’s FICO score and delinquency history in combination with macroeconomic conditions when estimating the
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probability of default. The estimates for loss severity are primarily based on collateral type and coverage levels and the susceptibility of those characteristics to changes in macroeconomic conditions. The expected balance at the estimated date of default is also especially impactful in the expected credit loss models for portfolio classes which generally have longer terms (such as residential mortgage loans and home equity) and portfolio classes containing a high concentration of loans with revolving privileges (such as home equity). The estimate of the expected balance at the time of default considers expected prepayment and utilization rates where applicable, which are primarily based on macroeconomic conditions and the utilization history of similar borrowers under those economic conditions. The Bancorp also utilizes various scoring systems, analytical tools and portfolio performance monitoring processes to assess the credit risk of the consumer and residential mortgage portfolios.

Commercial Portfolio
The Bancorp’s credit risk management strategy seeks to minimize concentrations of risk through diversification. The Bancorp has commercial loan concentration limits based on industry, lines of business within the commercial segment, geography and credit product type. The risk within the commercial loan and lease portfolio is managed and monitored through an underwriting process utilizing detailed origination policies, continuous loan level reviews, monitoring of industry concentration and product type limits and continuous portfolio risk management reporting.

The Bancorp is closely monitoring various economic factors and their impacts on commercial borrowers, including, but not limited to, the impact of escalating global tensions, the impact of policy changes of the new political administration, particularly trade policy, as well as inflation, interest rate changes, labor and supply chain issues, and volatility and changes in consumer discretionary spending patterns, including debt and default levels. The Bancorp maintains focus on disciplined client selection, adherence to underwriting policy and attention to concentrations.

The Bancorp provides loans to a variety of customers ranging from large multinational firms to middle market businesses, sole proprietors and high net worth individuals. The origination policies for commercial loans and leases outline the risks and underwriting requirements for individuals and businesses in various industries. Included in the policies are maturity and amortization terms, collateral and leverage requirements, cash flow coverage measures and hold limits. The Bancorp aligns credit and sales teams with specific industry and regional expertise to better monitor and manage different industry and geographic segments of the portfolio.


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The following table provides detail on commercial loans and leases by industry classification (as defined by the North American Industry Classification System), by loan size and by state, illustrating the diversity and granularity of the Bancorp’s commercial loans and leases as of:
TABLE 28: Commercial Loan and Lease Portfolio (excluding loans and leases held for sale)
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)OutstandingExposureNonaccrualOutstandingExposureNonaccrual
By Industry:
Real estate$14,754 23,038 9 14,375 22,429 6 
Financial services and insurance9,266 20,455 — 9,507 19,939 1 
Manufacturing9,010 18,886 83 8,850 19,230 68 
Healthcare5,706 8,392 49 5,648 8,192 76 
Business services5,597 9,862 91 5,596 9,755 113 
Wholesale trade5,504 10,741 40 5,315 10,305 14 
Accommodation and food4,639 6,824 14 4,371 6,731 18 
Retail trade3,610 8,173 150 3,495 8,429 45 
Communication and information3,174 6,197 35 3,304 6,140 74 
Construction3,110 7,428 21 2,674 6,815 19 
Transportation and warehousing2,383 4,106 4 2,311 4,124 7 
Mining2,291 5,625 — 2,676 5,897 — 
Utilities1,880 3,494 — 1,882 3,326 — 
Entertainment and recreation1,838 3,182 5 1,749 3,091 5 
Other services1,087 1,648 6 1,215 1,798 5 
Agribusiness205 534 1 204 513 5 
Public administration87 160 — 110 160 — 
Individuals11 19 — 11 24 — 
Total$74,152 138,764 508 73,293 136,898 456 
By Loan Size:
Less than $1 million5  %5 12 5 5 15 
$1 million to $5 million7 5 6 7 5 10 
$5 million to $10 million4 4 6 4 4 6 
$10 million to $25 million13 11 11 13 11 22 
$25 million to $50 million24 21 30 24 22 33 
Greater than $50 million47 54 35 47 53 14 
Total100  %100 100 100 100 100 
By State:
California10 %9 4 10 8 6 
Ohio8 10 2 8 10 3 
Texas8 9 9 8 9 1 
Illinois8 7 4 8 8 5 
Florida7 7 4 7 6 8 
New York7 6 10 7 6 12 
Michigan5 5 5 5 5 6 
Georgia4 4 13 4 4 16 
Indiana3 3 1 3 4 2 
Pennsylvania3 3 14 3 3 8 
North Carolina3 3 1 3 3 1 
South Carolina3 2 — 3 2 — 
Other31 32 33 31 32 32 
Total100  %100 100 100 100 100 

The origination policies for commercial real estate outline the risks and underwriting requirements for owner and nonowner-occupied and construction lending. Included in the policies are maturity and amortization terms, maximum LTVs, minimum debt service coverage ratios, construction loan monitoring procedures, appraisal requirements, pre-leasing requirements (as applicable), pro forma analysis requirements and interest rate sensitivity. The Bancorp requires a valuation of real estate collateral, which may include third-party appraisals, be performed at the time of origination and renewal in accordance with regulatory requirements and on an as-needed basis when market conditions justify. The Bancorp maintains an appraisal review department to order and review third-party appraisals in accordance with regulatory requirements.
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Nonaccrual assets with relationships exceeding $1 million are reviewed quarterly to assess the appropriateness of the value ascribed in the assessment of charge-offs and specific reserves. Additionally, collateral values are also reviewed at least annually for all criticized assets.

The Bancorp assesses all real estate and non-real estate collateral securing a loan and considers all cross-collateralized loans in the calculation of the LTV ratio. The following tables provide detail on the most recent LTV ratios for commercial mortgage loans greater than $1 million, excluding commercial mortgage loans that are individually evaluated for an ACL and loans which do not have real estate as the primary collateral. The Bancorp does not typically aggregate the LTV ratios for commercial mortgage loans less than $1 million.
TABLE 29: Commercial Mortgage Loans Outstanding by LTV, Loans Greater Than $1 Million
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)LTV > 100%LTV 80-100%LTV < 80%
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans$314 426 3,402 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans— 95 5,802 
Total$314 521 9,204 
TABLE 30: Commercial Mortgage Loans Outstanding by LTV, Loans Greater Than $1 Million
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)LTV > 100%LTV 80-100%LTV < 80%
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans$53 1373,753
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans— 2885,615
Total$53 4259,368

The Bancorp views nonowner-occupied commercial real estate as a higher credit risk product compared to some other commercial loan portfolios due to the higher volatility of the industry.

The following tables provide an analysis of nonowner-occupied commercial real estate loans, disaggregated by property location (excluding loans held for sale):
TABLE 31: Nonowner-Occupied Commercial Real Estate (excluding loans held for sale)(a)
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)OutstandingExposure90 Days
Past Due		Nonaccrual
By State:
Florida$1,587 2,556 — — 
Texas1,109 1,833 — — 
Illinois958 1,151 — 3 
Ohio884 1,390 — — 
Michigan774 942 3 — 
South Carolina628 754 — — 
California570 1,008 — — 
North Carolina496 657 — — 
Georgia478 820 — — 
New York389 444 — 2 
All other states3,261 4,554 — 3 
Total$11,134 16,109 3 8 
(a)Included in commercial mortgage loans and commercial construction loans in the Loans and Leases subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A.

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TABLE 32: Nonowner-Occupied Commercial Real Estate (excluding loans held for sale)(a)
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)OutstandingExposure90 Days
Past Due		Nonaccrual
By State:
Florida$1,543 2,526 — — 
Texas905 1,714 — 2 
Illinois1,123 1,275 — 2 
Ohio835 1,231 — 1 
Michigan775 926 — — 
South Carolina699 763 — — 
California1,080 1,714 — — 
North Carolina572 782 — — 
Georgia429 842 — — 
New York468 524 — — 
All other states2,801 3,929 — — 
Total$11,230 16,226 — 5 
(a)Included in commercial mortgage loans and commercial construction loans in the Loans and Leases subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A.

Net charge-offs on nonowner-occupied commercial real estate loans were immaterial for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Consumer Portfolio
The Bancorp’s consumer portfolio is materially comprised of six categories of loans: residential mortgage loans, home equity, indirect secured consumer loans, credit card, solar energy installation loans and other consumer loans. The Bancorp has identified certain credit characteristics within these six categories of loans which it believes represent a higher level of risk compared to the rest of the consumer loan portfolio. The Bancorp does not update LTVs for the consumer portfolio subsequent to origination except as part of the charge-off process for real estate secured loans. The Bancorp actively manages the consumer portfolio through concentration limits, which mitigate credit risk through limiting the exposure to lower FICO scores, higher LTVs, specific geographic concentration risks and additional risk elements.

The Bancorp continues to ensure that underwriting standards and guidelines adequately account for the broader economic conditions that the consumer portfolio faces in a high-rate environment and as rates begin to fall. Guidelines are designed to ensure that the various consumer products fall within the Bancorp’s risk appetite. These guidelines are monitored and adjusted as deemed appropriate in response to the prevailing economic conditions while remaining within the Bancorp’s risk appetite limits.

The payment structures for certain variable-rate products (such as residential mortgage loans, home equity and credit card) are susceptible to changes in benchmark interest rates. Increases in interest rates cause minimum payments on these products to increase, raising the potential for the environment to be disruptive to some borrowers. Potential future decreases in interest rates may lessen these risks moving forward. The impacts of these rate changes will take time to manifest and their significance will be dependent on the size and number of current and future rate cuts, as well as other economic factors impacting each customer. The Bancorp actively monitors the portion of its consumer portfolio that is susceptible to changes in minimum payments and continues to assess the impact on the overall risk appetite and soundness of the portfolio.

Residential mortgage portfolio
The Bancorp manages credit risk in the residential mortgage portfolio through underwriting guidelines that limit exposure to loan characteristics determined to increase credit risk. Additionally, the portfolio is governed by concentration limits that ensure product and channel diversification. The Bancorp may also package and sell loans in the portfolio.

The Bancorp does not originate residential mortgage loans that permit customers to make payments that are less than the accruing interest. The Bancorp originates both fixed-rate and ARM loans. Within the ARM portfolio, approximately $441 million of ARM loans will have rate resets during the next twelve months. Underlying characteristics of these borrowers include a weighted-average origination debt-to-income ratio of 35% and weighted-average origination LTV of 72%. Approximately 28% of these loans are expected to experience an increase in rate upon reset. For those borrowers, rates are expected to increase by an average of approximately 2.6%, resulting in an average increase in monthly payment amount of approximately 34%.

Certain residential mortgage products have characteristics that may increase the Bancorp’s credit loss rates in the event of a decline in housing values. These types of mortgage products offered by the Bancorp include loans with high LTVs, multiple loans secured by the same collateral that when combined result in an LTV greater than 80% and interest-only loans. The Bancorp has deemed residential mortgage loans with greater than 80% LTVs and no mortgage insurance as loans that represent a higher level of risk. Approximately 70% of these loans consist of loans originated through the Bancorp’s loan program for doctors.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

The following table provides an analysis of the residential mortgage portfolio loans outstanding by LTV at origination as of:
TABLE 33: Residential Mortgage Portfolio Loans by LTV at Origination
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)
Outstanding		Weighted-
Average LTV
Outstanding		Weighted-
Average LTV
LTV ≤ 80%$11,764 63.9 %$11,836 63.5 %
LTV > 80%, with mortgage insurance(a)
3,242 95.4 3,165 95.5 
LTV > 80%, no mortgage insurance2,675 91.2 2,542 90.9 
Total$17,681 74.1  %$17,543 73.5 %
(a)Includes loans with either borrower or lender paid mortgage insurance.

The following tables provide an analysis of the residential mortgage portfolio loans outstanding by state with a greater than 80% LTV at origination and no mortgage insurance:
TABLE 34: Residential Mortgage Portfolio Loans, LTV Greater Than 80% at Origination, No Mortgage Insurance
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Outstanding90 Days Past
Due and Accruing		Nonaccrual
By State:
Illinois$553 — 4 
Ohio530 1 7 
Florida482 1 2 
North Carolina211 — — 
Indiana179 — 2 
Michigan168 — 2 
Kentucky132 — 2 
All other states420 — 4 
Total$2,675 2 23 
TABLE 35: Residential Mortgage Portfolio Loans, LTV Greater Than 80% at Origination, No Mortgage Insurance
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Outstanding90 Days Past
Due and Accruing		Nonaccrual
By State:
Illinois$518 — 5 
Ohio518 1 7 
Florida457 — 2 
North Carolina202 — — 
Indiana165 — 2 
Michigan167 — 2 
Kentucky130 — 1 
All other states385 — 5 
Total$2,542 1 24 

Net charge-offs on residential mortgage loans with an LTV greater than 80% at origination and no mortgage insurance were immaterial for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Home equity portfolio
The Bancorp’s home equity portfolio of $4.5 billion is primarily comprised of home equity lines of credit. Beginning in the first quarter of 2013, the Bancorp’s newly originated home equity lines of credit have a 10-year interest-only draw period followed by a 20-year amortization period. The home equity line of credit previously offered by the Bancorp was a revolving facility with a 20-year term, minimum payments of interest-only and a balloon payment of principal at maturity. Approximately 17% of the outstanding balances of the Bancorp’s portfolio of home equity lines of credit have a balloon structure at maturity. Peak maturity years for the balloon home equity lines of credit are 2025 to 2028 and approximately $490 million of the balances mature before December 31, 2028.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The home equity portfolio is managed in two primary groups: loans outstanding with a combined LTV greater than 80% and those loans with an LTV of 80% or less, based upon appraisals at origination. For additional information on these loans, refer to Tables 37, 38 and 39. Of the total $4.5 billion of outstanding home equity loans:
•73% reside within the Bancorp’s Midwest footprint of Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana and Kentucky as of June 30, 2025;
•76% of non-delinquent borrowers made at least one payment greater than the minimum payment during the three months ended June 30, 2025; and
•The portfolio had a weighted-average refreshed FICO score of 749 at June 30, 2025.

The Bancorp actively manages lines of credit and makes adjustments in lending limits when it believes it is necessary based on FICO score deterioration and property devaluation. The Bancorp does not routinely obtain appraisals on performing loans to update LTVs after origination. However, the Bancorp monitors the local housing markets by reviewing various home price indices and incorporates the impact of the changing market conditions in its ongoing credit monitoring processes.

The following table provides an analysis of home equity portfolio loans outstanding disaggregated based upon refreshed FICO score as of:
TABLE 36: Home Equity Portfolio Loans Outstanding by Refreshed FICO Score
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)Outstanding% of TotalOutstanding% of Total
Senior Liens:
FICO ≤ 659$104 2  %$111 3  %
FICO 660-719160 3 160 4 
FICO ≥ 7201,055 24 1,013 24 
Total senior liens$1,319 29 %$1,284 31 %
Junior Liens:
FICO ≤ 659267 6 242 6 
FICO 660-719535 12 521 12 
FICO ≥ 7202,364 53 2,141 51 
Total junior liens$3,166 71 %$2,904 69 %
Total$4,485 100  %$4,188 100  %

The Bancorp believes that home equity portfolio loans with a greater than 80% LTV (including senior liens, if applicable) present a higher level of risk. The following table provides an analysis of the home equity portfolio loans outstanding in a senior and junior lien position by LTV at origination as of:
TABLE 37: Home Equity Portfolio Loans Outstanding by LTV at Origination
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024

($ in millions)
Outstanding		Weighted-
Average LTV
Outstanding		Weighted-
Average LTV
Senior Liens:
LTV ≤ 80%$1,186 49.2  %$1,147 49.8  %
LTV > 80%133 89.1 137 89.1 
Total senior liens
$1,319 53.4 %$1,284 54.2 %
Junior Liens:
LTV ≤ 80%2,327 63.7 2,085 64.3 
LTV > 80%839 87.9 819 88.2 
Total junior liens
$3,166 70.3 %$2,904 71.3 %
Total$4,485 65.4  %$4,188 66.0  %

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The following tables provide an analysis of home equity portfolio loans outstanding by state with an LTV greater than 80% (including senior liens, if applicable) at origination:
TABLE 38: Home Equity Portfolio Loans Outstanding with an LTV Greater than 80% at Origination
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)OutstandingExposureNonaccrual
By State:
Ohio$282 748 6 
Illinois140 343 4 
Michigan129 342 3 
Indiana111 260 3 
Florida105 226 2 
Kentucky77 190 2 
All other states128 320 2 
Total$972 2,429 22 
TABLE 39: Home Equity Portfolio Loans Outstanding with an LTV Greater than 80% at Origination
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)OutstandingExposureNonaccrual
By State:
Ohio$283 761 7 
Illinois140 337 5 
Michigan131 358 3 
Indiana103 251 3 
Florida96 214 2 
Kentucky77 196 2 
All other states126 310 3 
Total$956 2,427 25 

Net charge-offs on home equity loans with an LTV greater than 80% at origination were immaterial for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Indirect secured consumer portfolio
The indirect secured consumer portfolio is comprised of $14.6 billion of automobile loans and $3.0 billion of indirect recreational vehicle, marine, motorcycle and powersport loans as of June 30, 2025. All concentration and guideline changes are monitored monthly to ensure alignment with original credit performance and return projections.

The following table provides an analysis of indirect secured consumer portfolio loans outstanding disaggregated based upon FICO score at origination as of:
TABLE 40: Indirect Secured Consumer Portfolio Loans Outstanding by FICO Score at Origination
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)
Outstanding
% of Total
Outstanding
% of Total
FICO ≤ 659$179 1  %$177 1  %
FICO 660-7193,145 18 3,040 19 
FICO ≥ 72014,267 81 13,096 80 
Total$17,591 100  %$16,313 100  %

It is a common industry practice to advance on these types of loans an amount in excess of the collateral value due to the inclusion of negative equity trade-in, maintenance/warranty products, taxes, title and other fees paid at closing. The Bancorp monitors its exposure to these higher risk loans.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The following table provides an analysis of indirect secured consumer portfolio loans outstanding by LTV at origination as of:
TABLE 41: Indirect Secured Consumer Portfolio Loans Outstanding by LTV at Origination
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)OutstandingWeighted- Average LTVOutstandingWeighted- Average LTV
LTV ≤ 100%$12,690 80.0  %$11,822 79.8  %
LTV > 100%4,901 110.1 4,491 110.1 
Total$17,591 88.3  %$16,313 88.1  %

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $28 million and $24 million, respectively, of the Bancorp’s nonaccrual indirect secured consumer portfolio loans had an LTV greater than 100% at origination. Net charge-offs on indirect secured consumer loans with an LTV greater than 100% at origination were $5 million and $9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $14 million and $20 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Credit card portfolio
The credit card portfolio consists of predominantly prime accounts with 98% of balances existing within the Bancorp’s footprint at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. At both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, 72% of the outstanding balances were originated through branch-based relationships with the remainder coming from direct mail campaigns and online acquisitions.

Given the variable nature of the credit card portfolio, interest rate increases impact this product and it is regularly monitored to ensure the portfolio remains within the Bancorp’s risk appetite. Recent rate cuts and potential future decreases in interest rates may lessen these risks moving forward.

The following table provides an analysis of the Bancorp’s outstanding credit card portfolio disaggregated based upon FICO score at origination as of:
TABLE 42: Credit Card Portfolio Loans Outstanding by FICO Score at Origination
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)Outstanding% of TotalOutstanding% of Total
FICO ≤ 659$79 5  %$78 5  %
FICO 660-719465 27 470 27 
FICO ≥ 7201,163 68 1,186 68 
Total$1,707 100  %$1,734 100  %

Solar energy installation loans portfolio
The Bancorp originates point-of-sale solar energy installation loans through a network of approved installers. The Bancorp considers several factors when monitoring its solar energy installation loan portfolio, including concentrations by installer, concentrations by state and FICO distributions at origination. At both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, loans originated through the Bancorp’s three largest approved installers represented approximately 23% of total balances outstanding in the solar energy installation loan portfolio.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The following table provides an analysis of solar energy installation portfolio loans outstanding by state as of:
TABLE 43: Solar Energy Installation Portfolio Loans Outstanding by State
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)OutstandingNonaccrualOutstandingNonaccrual
By State:
Florida$651 8 675 16 
California552 2 562 8 
Texas514 3 501 7 
Arizona365 2 366 4 
Virginia245 1 229 1 
Oregon193 — 165 — 
Nevada170 — 165 1 
Colorado164 — 158 1 
New York127 — 118 — 
Connecticut106 1 103 3 
All other states1,229 9 1,160 23 
Total$4,316 26 4,202 64 

The following table provides an analysis of solar energy installation portfolio loans outstanding disaggregated based upon FICO score at origination as of:
TABLE 44: Solar Energy Installation Portfolio Loans Outstanding by FICO Score at Origination
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)
Outstanding
% of Total
Outstanding
% of Total
FICO ≤ 659$5 —  %$5 —  %
FICO 660-719630 15 621 15 
FICO ≥ 7203,681 85 3,576 85 
Total$4,316 100  %$4,202 100  %

Other consumer loans portfolio
Other consumer portfolio loans are comprised of secured and unsecured loans originated through the Bancorp’s branch network, point-of-sale home improvement loans originated through a network of contractors and installers, and other point-of-sale loans originated or purchased in connection with third-party companies. Loans originated in connection with one third-party point-of-sale company are impacted by certain credit loss protection coverage provided by that company. The Bancorp discontinued origination of new loans with this third-party company in September 2022.

The following table provides an analysis of other consumer portfolio loans outstanding by product type as of:
TABLE 45: Other Consumer Portfolio Loans Outstanding by Product Type
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
($ in millions)Outstanding% of Total
Outstanding
% of Total
Other secured$1,029 41  %$912 36 %
Point-of-sale home improvement555 23 623 25 
Third-party point-of-sale441 18 546 22 
Unsecured439 18 437 17 
Total$2,464 100  %$2,518 100 %

Analysis of Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectability of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain and certain other assets, including OREO and other repossessed property. A summary of nonperforming assets is included in Table 46. For further information on the Bancorp’s policies related to accounting for delinquent and nonperforming loans and leases, refer to the Nonaccrual Loans and Leases section of Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Nonperforming assets were $913 million at June 30, 2025 compared to $860 million at December 31, 2024. At June 30, 2025, $27 million of nonaccrual loans were held for sale, compared to $7 million at December 31, 2024.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Nonperforming portfolio assets as a percent of portfolio loans and leases and OREO were 0.72% and 0.71% at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Nonaccrual loans and leases secured by real estate were 33% of nonaccrual loans and leases as of June 30, 2025 compared to 35% as of December 31, 2024.

Portfolio commercial nonaccrual loans and leases were $508 million at June 30, 2025, an increase of $52 million from December 31, 2024. Portfolio residential mortgage and consumer nonaccrual loans were $345 million at June 30, 2025, a decrease of $22 million from December 31, 2024. Refer to Table 47 for a rollforward of portfolio nonaccrual loans and leases.

OREO and other repossessed property was $33 million and $30 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of losses and $1 million of gains on the transfer, sale or write-down of OREO properties for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $1 million of losses for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, approximately $18 million and $38 million, respectively, of interest income would have been recognized if the nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases had been current in accordance with their contractual terms, compared to $18 million and $35 million for the same periods in the prior year. Although these values help demonstrate the costs of carrying nonaccrual credits, the Bancorp does not expect to recover the full amount of interest as nonaccrual loans and leases are generally carried below their principal balance.

TABLE 46: Summary of Nonperforming Assets and Delinquent Loans and Leases
As of ($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$460 374 
Commercial mortgage loans48 79 
Commercial construction loans— 1 
Commercial leases— 2 
Residential mortgage loans143 137 
Home equity75 70 
Indirect secured consumer loans65 55 
Credit card29 32 
Solar energy installation loans26 64 
Other consumer loans7 9 
Total nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases(a)
$853 823 
OREO and other repossessed property(c)
33 30 
Total nonperforming portfolio assets
$886 853 
Nonaccrual loans held for sale27 7 
Total nonperforming assets$913 860 
Total portfolio loans and leases 90 days past due and still accruing:
Commercial and industrial loans$5 5 
Commercial mortgage loans3 — 
Commercial leases— 1 
Residential mortgage loans(b)
8 6 
Credit card18 20 
Total portfolio loans and leases 90 days past due and still accruing$34 32 
Nonperforming portfolio assets as a percent of portfolio loans and leases and OREO0.72 %0.71 
Nonperforming portfolio loans and leases as a percent of portfolio loans and leases0.70 0.69 
ACL as a percent of nonperforming portfolio loans and leases300 302 
ACL as a percent of nonperforming portfolio assets289 291 
(a)Includes $16 and $18 of nonaccrual government-insured commercial loans whose repayments are insured by the SBA as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(b)Information for all periods presented excludes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. These advances were $161 as of June 30, 2025 and $163 as of December 31, 2024. The Bancorp recognized losses of an immaterial amount for both the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and $1 for both the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans.
(c)Includes $19 and $12 of branch-related real estate no longer intended to be used for banking purposes as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
The following tables provide a rollforward of portfolio nonaccrual loans and leases, by portfolio segment:
TABLE 47: Rollforward of Portfolio Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
CommercialResidential MortgageConsumerTotal
Balance, beginning of period$456 137 230 823 
Transfers to nonaccrual status335 32 172 539 
Transfers to accrual status(4)(9)(65)(78)
Transfers to held for sale(41)— — (41)
Loan paydowns/payoffs(89)(16)(41)(146)
Transfers to OREO— (3)(7)(10)
Charge-offs(156)— (89)(245)
Draws/other extensions of credit7 2 2 11 
Balance, end of period$508 143 202 853 

TABLE 48: Rollforward of Portfolio Nonaccrual Loans and Leases
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
CommercialResidential MortgageConsumerTotal
Balance, beginning of period$326 124 199 649 
Transfers to nonaccrual status159 33 172 364 
Transfers to accrual status(1)(14)(34)(49)
Transfers to held for sale(3)— — (3)
Loan paydowns/payoffs(84)(14)(32)(130)
Transfers to OREO— (2)(7)(9)
Charge-offs(123)— (95)(218)
Draws/other extensions of credit— 2 — 2 
Balance, end of period$274 129 203 606 

Analysis of Net Loan Charge-offs
Net charge-offs were 45 bps and 49 bps of average portfolio loans and leases for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and were 45 bps and 44 bps of average portfolio loans and leases for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Table 49 provides a summary of credit loss experience and net charge-offs as a percent of average portfolio loans and leases outstanding by loan category.

The ratio of commercial loan and lease net charge-offs as a percent of average portfolio commercial loans and leases decreased to 38 bps during the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to 45 bps during the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in net charge-offs on commercial and industrial loans of $11 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The ratio of commercial loan and lease net charge-offs as a percent of average portfolio commercial loans and leases increased to 37 bps during the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to 32 bps during the same period in the prior year primarily due to increases in net charge-offs on commercial mortgage loans of $14 million and commercial and industrial loans of $6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025.

The ratio of consumer loan net charge-offs as a percent of average portfolio consumer loans decreased to 56 bps and 59 bps during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to 57 bps and 62 bps during the same periods in the prior year as increases in net charge-offs on solar energy installation loans of $8 million and $14 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, were more than offset by increases in average consumer loan balances for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
TABLE 49: Summary of Credit Loss Experience
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Losses charged-off:
Commercial and industrial loans$(84)(83)(137)(123)
Commercial mortgage loans(4)— (15)— 
Commercial leases(2)— (4)— 
Residential mortgage loans— (1)(1)(1)
Home equity(2)(1)(3)(3)
Indirect secured consumer loans(33)(31)(69)(66)
Credit card(20)(22)(42)(46)
Solar energy installation loans(23)(14)(44)(28)
Other consumer loans(a)
(26)(30)(51)(61)
Total losses charged-off$(194)(182)(366)(328)
Recoveries of losses previously charged-off:
Commercial and industrial loans$15 3 16 8 
Commercial mortgage loans1 — 1 — 
Commercial leases3 — 3 — 
Residential mortgage loans1 1 2 2 
Home equity2 2 2 3 
Indirect secured consumer loans17 14 31 24 
Credit card5 5 10 10 
Solar energy installation loans3 2 6 4 
Other consumer loans(a)
8 11 19 23 
Total recoveries of losses previously charged-off$55 38 90 74 
Net losses charged-off:
Commercial and industrial loans$(69)(80)(121)(115)
Commercial mortgage loans(3)— (14)— 
Commercial leases1 — (1)— 
Residential mortgage loans1 — 1 1 
Home equity— 1 (1)— 
Indirect secured consumer loans(16)(17)(38)(42)
Credit card(15)(17)(32)(36)
Solar energy installation loans(20)(12)(38)(24)
Other consumer loans(18)(19)(32)(38)
Total net losses charged-off$(139)(144)(276)(254)
Net losses charged-off as a percent of average portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans0.51 %0.61 0.45 0.44 
Commercial mortgage loans0.11 0.01 0.23 0.01 
Commercial leases(0.10)(0.01)0.09 (0.02)
Total commercial loans and leases0.38 %0.45 0.37 0.32 
Residential mortgage loans(0.01)(0.01)(0.01)(0.01)
Home equity0.02 (0.05)0.03 (0.01)
Indirect secured consumer loans0.37 0.46 0.45 0.55 
Credit card3.74 3.98 3.96 4.09 
Solar energy installation loans1.86 1.25 1.79 1.28 
Other consumer loans2.49 2.61 2.50 2.66 
Total consumer loans0.56 %0.57 0.59 0.62 
Total net losses charged-off as a percent of average portfolio loans and leases0.45 %0.49 0.45 0.44 
(a)The Bancorp recorded $5 and $10 in both losses charged-off and recoveries of losses previously charged-off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $7 and $15 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses is comprised of the ALLL and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The Bancorp maintains the ALLL to absorb the amount of credit losses that are expected to be incurred over the remaining contractual terms of the related loans and leases (as adjusted for prepayments). In addition to the ALLL, the Bancorp maintains a reserve for unfunded commitments recorded in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The provision for unfunded commitments is included in the provision for credit losses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

For more information about the Bancorp’s methodology for determining the ACL, refer to the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, including the Critical Accounting Policies section and Allowance for Credit Losses subsection of the Risk Management section of MD&A and Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

At both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp used three forward-looking economic scenarios during the reasonable and supportable forecast period in its expected credit loss models to address the inherent imprecision in macroeconomic forecasting. Each of the three scenarios was developed by a third party that is subject to the Bancorp’s Third-Party Risk Management program including oversight by the Bancorp’s independent model risk management group. The scenarios included a most likely outcome (Baseline) and two less probable scenarios with one being more favorable than the Baseline and the other being less favorable. The more favorable alternative scenario (Upside) depicted a stronger near-term growth outlook while the less favorable outlook (Downside) depicted a moderate recession.

The Baseline scenario was developed such that the expectation is that the economy will perform better than the projection 50% of the time and worse than the projection 50% of the time. The Upside scenario was developed such that there is a 10% probability that the economy will perform better than the projection and a 90% probability that it will perform worse. The Downside scenario was developed such that there is a 90% probability that the economy will perform better than the projection and a 10% probability that it will perform worse.

June 30, 2025 ACL
The ACL as of June 30, 2025 increased $72 million from December 31, 2024, driven by deterioration in the economic forecasts used to calculate the ACL, an increase in specific reserves on individually evaluated commercial and industrial loans and higher period-end loan and lease balances. As of June 30, 2025, the Bancorp’s macroeconomic scenarios included estimates of the expected impacts of changes in economic conditions caused by forecasted interest rates and higher tariffs.

At June 30, 2025, the Bancorp assigned an 80% probability weighting to the Baseline scenario and 10% to each of the Upside and Downside scenarios. The Baseline scenario used in the June 30, 2025 ACL assumed that inflation rates peaked at around the same level, but at a later date when compared to the scenario used for the March 31, 2025 estimate. These changes reflect recent data and increased uncertainty that has arisen from changes in U.S. fiscal, tariff and immigration policies. This scenario assumed a peak rate of inflation of 3.7% in the second quarter of 2026, gradually returning to target in early 2027 and averaging 3.2% and 2.1% in 2026 and 2027, respectively. In response to fiscal tightening and high interest rates, this scenario also assumed that real GDP growth would be below trend in the near term but that the unemployment rate will remain steady. The Baseline scenario assumed an average annual real GDP growth rate of 1.5% for 2025, followed by 1.4% in 2026 and 1.8% in 2027. The Baseline scenario also assumed an average unemployment rate of 4.2% for 2025, followed by 4.7% for both 2026 and 2027. The Treasury rate environment is expected to be relatively stable with the 10-year yield remaining within a narrow projected range of 4.2% to 4.3% through 2027. Credit spreads are projected to expand from an average of 2.0% in 2025 and reach their peak level of 2.6% in late 2026. Lastly, the Baseline scenario assumed additional cuts to the target federal funds rate, with an average federal funds rate of 4.2% in 2025 that decreases to an average of 3.4% and 3.0% in 2026 and 2027, respectively.

The Upside scenario assumed that, on an average annual basis, the change in real GDP is 2.0% in 2025, 2.8% in 2026 and 2.2% in 2027. The Upside scenario also assumed an average unemployment rate of 3.9% in 2025, 3.7% in 2026 and 4.0% in 2027. In this scenario, 10-year Treasury yields are fairly stable, reaching a peak of 4.4% in the third quarter of 2026, while credit spreads are consistent with the Baseline scenario, peaking at 2.5% in mid-2026. In the Upside scenario, the forecast for federal funds rate cuts was generally consistent with the Baseline scenario.

The Downside scenario included significant worsening of economic conditions, causing the U.S. economy to fall into a recession in the third quarter of 2025. The Downside scenario assumed that real GDP declines from the second quarter of 2025 through the first quarter of 2026, with a cumulative decline of 2.6%, recovering to an average annualized GDP growth rate of 1.7% for the full year of 2027. The Downside scenario assumed an average unemployment rate of 5.4% in 2025, increasing to an average of 8.2% in 2026 and decreasing to an average of 7.5% in 2027. In this scenario, the 10-year Treasury yield increases to 4.8% in the fourth quarter of 2025, then drops to 3.5% by the end of 2026. Credit spreads also expand in this scenario, reaching a peak of 4.0% in the first quarter of 2026. In the Downside scenario, the forecast for the federal funds rate included steeper rate cuts than the Baseline scenario, with average target rates of 4.6% in 2025, followed by 2.8% and 1.0% in 2026 and 2027, respectively.

The Bancorp’s qualitative adjustments, as an overlay to the quantitative models, resulted in a net increase to the ACL as of June 30, 2025, however, these qualitative adjustments decreased from the qualitative factors used in the ACL as of March 31, 2025, primarily driven by a qualitative decrease in the ACL for the commercial portfolio segment. These qualitative adjustments primarily reflect the Bancorp’s
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expectations that additional credit losses may be present in its portfolio loans and leases beyond what is predictable through the use of quantitative models. The qualitative adjustment for the commercial portfolio segment was primarily driven by additional allowances for certain nonowner-occupied commercial loans secured by real estate, particularly loans secured by office buildings, based on current challenges in the commercial real estate market that are not fully reflected in the Bancorp’s quantitative models. These challenges include, but are not limited to, an imbalance between supply and demand in the market for commercial real estate properties and pressures on borrowers and property valuations resulting from elevated interest rates. Specific to office properties, the Bancorp has also observed industry data indicating that the office sector of the commercial real estate market continues to lag behind others in terms of property values, driven in part by lessened demand as a result of the increased prevalence of remote work across many professions. These adjustments for certain nonowner-occupied commercial loans secured by real estate were partially offset in the second quarter of 2025 by a qualitative adjustment reducing the impact of economic factors associated with the commercial and industrial loan expected credit loss models.

The Bancorp’s quantitative credit loss models are sensitive to changes in economic forecast assumptions over the reasonable and supportable forecast period. Applying a 100% probability weighting to the Downside scenario rather than using the probability-weighted three scenario approach would result in an increase in the quantitative ACL of approximately $2.2 billion. This sensitivity calculation only reflects the impact of changing the probability weighting of the scenarios in the quantitative credit loss models and excludes any additional considerations associated with the qualitative component of the ACL that might be warranted if probability weights were adjusted.

The following table provides a rollforward of the Bancorp’s ACL:
TABLE 50: Changes in Allowance for Credit Losses
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)
2025
2024
2025
2024
ALLL:
Balance, beginning of period$2,384 2,318 2,352 2,322 
Losses charged-off(a)
(194)(182)(366)(328)
Recoveries of losses previously charged-off(a)
55 38 90 74 
Provision for loan and lease losses167 114 336 220 
Balance, end of period$2,412 2,288 2,412 2,288 
Reserve for unfunded commitments:
Balance, beginning of period$140 154 134 166 
Provision for (benefit from) the reserve for unfunded commitments6 (17)12 (29)
Balance, end of period$146 137 146 137 
(a)For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Bancorp recorded $5 and $10, respectively, in both losses charged-off and recoveries of losses previously charged-off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements, compared to $7 and $15 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.











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The following table provides an attribution of the Bancorp’s ALLL to portfolio loans and leases:
TABLE 51: Attribution of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses to Portfolio Loans and Leases
As of ($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Attributed ALLL:
Commercial and industrial loans$902 728 
Commercial mortgage loans323 351 
Commercial construction loans52 59 
Commercial leases16 16 
Residential mortgage loans134 146 
Home equity93 106 
Indirect secured consumer loans317 311 
Credit card154 165 
Solar energy installation loans307 351 
Other consumer loans114 119 
Total ALLL$2,412 2,352 
Portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$53,312 52,271 
Commercial mortgage loans12,112 12,246 
Commercial construction loans5,551 5,588 
Commercial leases3,177 3,188 
Residential mortgage loans(a)
17,681 17,543 
Home equity4,485 4,188 
Indirect secured consumer loans17,591 16,313 
Credit card1,707 1,734 
Solar energy installation loans4,316 4,202 
Other consumer loans2,464 2,518 
Total portfolio loans and leases$122,396 119,791 
Attributed ALLL as a percent of respective portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans1.69  %1.39 
Commercial mortgage loans2.67 2.87 
Commercial construction loans0.94 1.06 
Commercial leases0.50 0.50 
Residential mortgage loans0.76 0.83 
Home equity2.07 2.53 
Indirect secured consumer loans1.80 1.91 
Credit card9.02 9.52 
Solar energy installation loans7.11 8.35 
Other consumer loans4.63 4.73 
Total ALLL as a percent of portfolio loans and leases1.97  %1.96 
Total ACL as a percent of portfolio loans and leases2.09 2.08 
(a)Includes residential mortgage loans measured at fair value of $107 at June 30, 2025 and $108 at December 31, 2024.

The Bancorp’s ALLL may vary significantly from period to period based on changes in economic conditions, economic forecasts and the composition and credit quality of the Bancorp’s loan and lease portfolio.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
INTEREST RATE AND PRICE RISK MANAGEMENT
Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from movement of interest rates. This risk primarily impacts the Bancorp’s income categories through changes in interest income on earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, and through fee items that are related to interest-sensitive activities such as mortgage origination and servicing income and through earnings credits earned on commercial deposits that offset commercial deposit fees. Price risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from changes in the value of financial instruments and portfolios due to movements in interest rates, volatilities, foreign exchange rates, equity prices and commodity prices. Management considers interest rate risk a prominent market risk in terms of its potential impact on earnings. Interest rate risk may occur for any one or more of the following reasons:

•Assets and liabilities mature or reprice at different times;
•Short-term and long-term market interest rates change by different amounts; or
•The expected maturities of various assets or liabilities shorten or lengthen as interest rates change.

In addition to the direct impact of interest rate changes on NII and interest-sensitive fees, interest rates can impact earnings through their effect on loan and deposit demand, credit losses, mortgage origination volumes, the value of servicing rights and other sources of the Bancorp’s earnings. Changes in interest rates and other market factors can impact earnings through changes in the value of portfolios, if not appropriately hedged. Stability of the Bancorp’s net income is largely dependent upon the effective management of interest rate risk and to a lesser extent price risk.

Management continually reviews the Bancorp’s on- and off-balance sheet composition, earnings flows, and hedging strategies and models interest rate risk and price risk exposures, and possible actions to manage these risks, given numerous possible future interest rate and market factor scenarios. A series of key risk indicators and early warning indicators are employed to ensure that risks are managed within the Bancorp’s risk appetite for interest rate risk and price risk.

The Commercial Banking and Wealth and Asset Management lines of business manage price risk for capital markets sales and trading activities related to their respective businesses. The Consumer and Small Business Banking line of business manages price risk for the origination and sale of conforming residential mortgage loans to government agencies and government-sponsored enterprises. The Bancorp’s Treasury department manages interest rate risk and price risk for all other activities. Independent oversight is provided by ERM and Board-approved key risk indicators are used to ensure risks are managed within the Bancorp’s risk appetite.

The Bancorp’s Market Risk Management Committee, which includes senior management representatives and reports to the Corporate Credit Committee (accountable to the ERMC), provides oversight and monitors price risk for the capital markets sales and trading activities. The Bancorp’s ALCO, which includes senior management representatives and is accountable to the ERMC, provides oversight and monitors interest rate and price risks, including those for Mortgage and Treasury activities.

Net Interest Income Sensitivity
The Bancorp employs a variety of measurement techniques to identify and manage its interest rate risk, including the use of an NII simulation model to analyze the sensitivity of NII to changes in interest rates. The model is based on contractual and estimated cash flows and repricing characteristics for all of the Bancorp’s assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet exposures and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the effect of changing interest rates on the prepayment rates of certain assets and the attrition and mix shift of certain liabilities. The model also includes senior management’s projections of the future volume and pricing of each of the product lines offered by the Bancorp as well as other pertinent assumptions. The NII simulation model does not represent a forecast of the Bancorp’s net interest income but is a tool utilized to assess the risk of the impact of changing market interest rates across a range of market interest rate environments. As a result, actual results will differ from simulated results for multiple reasons, which may include actual balance sheet composition differences, timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, deviations from projected customer behavioral assumptions as well as from changes in market conditions and management strategies.

As of June 30, 2025, the Bancorp’s interest rate risk exposure is governed by a risk framework that utilizes the change in NII over 12-month and 24-month horizons under parallel and non-parallel increases and decreases in interest rates. Risk appetite thresholds are utilized for scenarios assuming a 200 bps increase and a 200 bps decrease in interest rates over 12-month and 24-month horizons. The Bancorp routinely analyzes various potential and extreme scenarios, including parallel ramps and shocks as well as non-parallel shifts in rates, to assess where risks to net interest income persist or develop as changes in the balance sheet and market rates evolve, and employs key risk indicators and early warning indicators to monitor and manage exposures under these types of scenarios. Additionally, the Bancorp routinely evaluates its exposures to changes in the basis between interest rates.

In order to recognize the risk of noninterest-bearing demand deposit balance migration or attrition in a rising interest rate environment, the Bancorp’s NII sensitivity modeling assumes additional attrition of approximately $400 million of demand deposit balances over a period of 24 months for each 100 bps increase in short-term market interest rates. Similarly, the Bancorp’s NII sensitivity modeling incorporates approximately $400 million of incremental growth in noninterest-bearing deposit balances over 24 months for each 100 bps decrease in short-
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term market interest rates. The incremental balance attrition and growth are modeled to flow into and out of funding products that reprice in conjunction with short-term market rate changes.

Another important deposit modeling assumption is the amount by which interest-bearing deposit rates will increase or decrease when market interest rates increase or decrease. This deposit repricing sensitivity is known as the beta, and it represents the expected amount by which the Bancorp’s interest-bearing deposit rates will change for a given change in short-term market rates. The Bancorp utilizes dynamic deposit beta models to adjust assumed repricing sensitivity depending on market rate levels. The dynamic beta models were developed utilizing the Bancorp’s performance during prior interest rate cycles. Using the dynamic beta models, the Bancorp’s NII sensitivity modeling assumes weighted-average rising-rate interest-bearing deposit betas at the end of the ramped parallel scenarios of approximately 75%-80% for both a 100 bps and 200 bps increase in rates. In the event of continued rate cuts, this approach assumes a weighted-average falling-rate interest-bearing deposit beta at the end of the ramped parallel scenarios of approximately 60%-65% for both a 100 bps and 200 bps decrease in rates. In falling rate scenarios, deposit rate floors are utilized to ensure modeled deposit rates will not become negative. NII simulation modeling assumes no lag between the timing of changes in market rates and the timing of deposit repricing despite such timing lags having occurred in prior rate cycles. Future actual performance will be dependent on market conditions, the level of competition for deposits and the magnitude of interest rate changes. The Bancorp provides sensitivity analysis in Tables 53 and 54 for key assumptions related to its deposit modeling, including beta and demand deposit balance performance.

The Bancorp continually evaluates the sensitivity of its interest rate risk measures to these important deposit modeling assumptions. The Bancorp also regularly monitors the sensitivity of other important modeling assumptions, such as loan and security prepayments and early withdrawals on fixed-rate customer liabilities.

The following table shows the Bancorp’s estimated NII sensitivity profile and policy limits as of:
TABLE 52: Estimated NII Sensitivity Profile and Policy Limits
June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
% Change in NII (FTE)Policy Limit% Change in NII (FTE)Policy Limit
Change in Interest Rates (bps)12
 Months		13-24
Months		12
Months		13-24
Months		12
 Months		13-24
Months		12
Months		13-24
Months
+200 Ramp over 12 months(3.51) %(4.48)(6.00)(7.00)(3.33) %(4.62)(5.00)(6.00)
+100 Ramp over 12 months(1.71)(2.03)N/AN/A(1.65)(2.21)N/AN/A
-100 Ramp over 12 months0.88 0.65 N/AN/A0.54 0.11 N/AN/A
-200 Ramp over 12 months1.29 (0.21)(6.00)(7.00)0.89 (0.40)(5.00)(6.00)

Table 52 presents the change in estimated net interest income for 12 month and 13-24 month horizons for alternative interest rate scenarios relative to the net interest income projection for a static rate scenario for those same time horizons. As previously mentioned, these numbers do not represent a forecast, but are instead risk measures that are monitored to evaluate the consolidated interest rate risk position of the Bancorp. At June 30, 2025, the Bancorp’s NII sensitivity in the rising-rate scenarios is negative in years one and two as interest expense is expected to increase more than interest income due to deposit repricing and balance migration estimates given the high interest rate environment. The Bancorp’s NII simulation projects an increase in NII in years one and two under the parallel 100 bps ramp decrease in interest rates and in year one in the 200 bps ramp decrease in interest rates, driven by an expectation that deposits would reprice faster than earning assets. However, in year two, some deposits have reached their floors, but assets continue to reprice to lower rates, generating less NII. The changes in the estimated NII sensitivity profile compared to June 30, 2024 were primarily attributable to increases in fixed-rate loans and the activation of previously forward-starting receive-fixed interest rate swaps, partially offset by the impacts of investment securities with a shorter life and improved deposit portfolio composition.

Tables 53 and 54 provide the sensitivity of the Bancorp’s estimated NII profile at June 30, 2025 to changes to certain deposit balance and deposit repricing sensitivity (beta) assumptions.

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The following table includes the Bancorp’s estimated NII sensitivity profile with an immediate $1 billion decrease and an immediate $1 billion increase in demand deposit balances as of June 30, 2025:
TABLE 53: Estimated NII Sensitivity Profile at June 30, 2025 with a $1 Billion Change in Demand Deposit Assumption
% Change in NII (FTE)
Immediate $1 Billion Balance
Decrease		Immediate $1 Billion Balance
Increase
Change in Interest Rates (bps)12
Months		13-24
Months		12
Months		13-24
Months
+200 Ramp over 12 months(4.40)%(5.48)(2.62)(3.48)
+100 Ramp over 12 months(2.51)(2.87)(0.90)(1.19)
-100 Ramp over 12 months0.26 0.12 1.51 1.17 
-200 Ramp over 12 months0.75 (0.59)1.82 0.16 
The following table includes the Bancorp’s estimated NII sensitivity profile with a 10% increase and a 10% decrease to the corresponding deposit beta assumptions as of June 30, 2025:
TABLE 54: Estimated NII Sensitivity Profile at June 30, 2025 with Deposit Beta Assumptions Changes
% Change in NII (FTE)
Betas 10% Higher(a)
Betas 10% Lower(a)
Change in Interest Rates (bps)12
 Months		13-24
Months		12
Months		13-24
Months
+200 Ramp over 12 months(5.00)%(7.33)(2.04)(1.66)
+100 Ramp over 12 months(2.45)(3.43)(0.98)(0.64)
-100 Ramp over 12 months1.54 1.84 0.22 (0.55)
-200 Ramp over 12 months2.55 1.89 0.02 (2.32)
(a)Applies a +/- 10% multiple on assumed betas.

Economic Value of Equity Sensitivity
The Bancorp also uses EVE as a measurement tool to govern and manage its interest rate risk exposure. The exposure is governed by a risk framework that uses risk appetite thresholds for scenarios assuming an instantaneous 200 bps increase and a 200 bps decrease in interest rates. The Bancorp routinely analyzes exposures to other interest rate scenarios and employs key risk indicators to monitor and manage exposures. Whereas the NII sensitivity analysis highlights the impact on forecasted NII on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) over one- and two-year time horizons, EVE is a point-in-time analysis of the economic sensitivity of the current balance sheet and off-balance sheet positions that incorporates all cash flows over their estimated remaining lives. The EVE of the balance sheet is defined as the discounted present value of all asset and net derivative cash flows less the discounted value of all liability cash flows. Due to this longer horizon, the sensitivity of EVE to changes in the level of interest rates is a measure of longer-term interest rate risk. EVE values only the current balance sheet and does not incorporate any assumptions related to continued production or renewal activities used in the NII sensitivity analysis. As with the NII simulation model, assumptions about the timing and variability of existing balance sheet cash flows are critical in the EVE analysis. Particularly important are assumptions driving loan and security prepayments and the expected balance attrition and pricing of indeterminate-lived deposits.

The following table shows the Bancorp’s estimated EVE sensitivity profile as of:
TABLE 55: Estimated EVE Sensitivity Profile
June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
Change in Interest Rates (bps)% Change in EVEPolicy Limit% Change in EVEPolicy Limit
+200 Shock(5.85)%(12.00)(5.35)%(12.00)
+100 Shock(2.48)N/A(2.25)N/A
-100 Shock0.95 N/A1.52 N/A
-200 Shock(0.38)(12.00)1.50 (12.00)

The EVE sensitivity is negative in both a +200 bps and +100 bps rising-rate scenario, positive in a -100 bps falling-rate scenario, and slightly negative in a -200 bps falling-rate scenario at June 30, 2025. The changes in the estimated EVE sensitivity profile from June 30, 2024 were primarily related to changes in forward interest rate expectations, an increase in fixed-rate loans and reduced wholesale funding, partially offset by the impacts of a shorter investment securities portfolio duration and shorter remaining life of receive-fixed interest rate swaps.

While an instantaneous shift in spot interest rates is used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure, the Bancorp believes that a gradual shift in interest rates would have a more modest impact. Since EVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the
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estimated lives of instruments, the change in EVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon (e.g., the current fiscal year). Further, EVE does not account for factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, changes in yield curve relationships and changing product spreads that could mitigate or exacerbate the impact of changes in interest rates. The NII simulations and EVE analyses do not necessarily include certain actions that management may undertake to manage risk in response to actual changes in interest rates.

The Bancorp regularly evaluates its exposures to a static balance sheet forecast, basis risks relative to the Prime Rate and various SOFR terms, yield curve twist risks and embedded options risks. In addition, the impacts on NII on an FTE basis and EVE of extreme changes in interest rates are modeled, wherein the Bancorp employs the use of yield curve shocks and environment-specific scenarios.

Use of Derivatives to Manage Interest Rate Risk
An integral component of the Bancorp’s interest rate risk management strategy is its use of derivative instruments to minimize significant fluctuations in earnings caused by changes in market interest rates. Examples of derivative instruments that the Bancorp may use as part of its interest rate risk management strategy include interest rate swaps, interest rate floors, interest rate caps, forward contracts, forward starting interest rate swaps, options, swaptions and TBA securities.

Tables 56 and 57 show all swap positions that are utilized as qualifying hedging instruments for purposes of managing the Bancorp’s exposures to the variability of interest rates. These positions are used to convert the contractual interest rate index of agreed-upon amounts of assets and liabilities (i.e., notional amounts) to another interest rate index, to hedge the exposure to changes in fair value of a recognized asset attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate or to hedge forecasted transactions for the variability in cash flows attributable to the contractually specified interest rate. The volume, maturity and mix of portfolio swaps change frequently as the Bancorp adjusts its broader interest rate risk management objectives and the balance sheet positions to be hedged. For further information, refer to Note 9 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following tables present additional information about the interest rate swaps used as qualifying hedging instruments in Fifth Third’s asset and liability management activities:
TABLE 56: Summary of Qualifying Hedging Instruments
Weighted-Average
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Notional
Amount		Fair ValueRemaining
Term (years)		Fixed Rate
Interest rate swaps related to C&I loans – cash flow – receive-fixed$11,000 (2)5.8 3.05  %
Interest rate swaps related to commercial mortgage and commercial construction loans – cash flow – receive-fixed4,000 (28)6.6 3.50 
Interest rate swaps related to long-term debt – fair value – receive-fixed4,955 (6)4.2 5.04 
Total interest rate swaps$19,955 (36)

TABLE 57: Summary of Qualifying Hedging Instruments
Weighted-Average
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Notional AmountFair ValueRemaining Term (years)Fixed Rate
Interest rate swaps related to C&I loans – cash flow – receive-fixed$11,000 (2)5.7 3.05  %
Interest rate swaps related to C&I loans – cash flow – receive-fixed – forward starting(a)
1,000 1 7.0 3.20 
Interest rate swaps related to commercial mortgage and commercial construction loans – cash flow – receive-fixed – forward starting(a)
4,000 3 7.13.50 
Interest rate swaps related to long-term debt – fair value – receive-fixed4,955 (11)4.75.04 
Total interest rate swaps$20,955 (9)
(a)Forward starting swaps became effective in January and February 2025.

Additionally, as part of its overall risk management strategy relative to its residential mortgage banking activities, the Bancorp enters into forward contracts accounted for as free-standing derivatives to economically hedge IRLCs that are also considered free-standing derivatives. The Bancorp economically hedges its exposure to residential mortgage loans held for sale through the use of forward contracts and mortgage options as well. Refer to the Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights and Price Risk section for the discussion of the use of derivatives to economically hedge this exposure.

The Bancorp also enters into derivative contracts with major financial institutions to economically hedge market risks assumed in interest rate derivative contracts with commercial customers. Generally, these contracts have similar terms in order to protect the Bancorp from market volatility. Credit risk arises from the possible inability of the counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts, which the Bancorp minimizes
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through collateral arrangements, approvals, limits and monitoring procedures. The Bancorp has risk limits and internal controls in place to help ensure excessive risk is not being taken in providing this service to customers. These controls include an independent determination of interest rate volatility and potential future exposure on these contracts and counterparty credit approvals performed by independent risk management. For further information, including the notional amount and fair values of these derivatives, refer to Note 9 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights and Price Risk
The fair value of the residential MSR portfolio was $1.6 billion and $1.7 billion at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The value of servicing rights can fluctuate sharply depending on changes in interest rates and other factors. Generally, as interest rates decline and loans are prepaid to take advantage of refinancing, the total value of existing servicing rights declines because no further servicing fees are collected on repaid loans. For further information on the significant drivers and components of the valuation adjustments on MSRs, refer to the Noninterest Income subsection of the Statements of Income Analysis section of MD&A. The Bancorp maintains a non-qualifying hedging strategy relative to its mortgage banking activity in order to manage a portion of the risk associated with changes in the value of its MSR portfolio as a result of changing interest rates which may include the use of investment securities or derivative instruments. The Bancorp may adjust its hedging strategy to reflect its assessment of the composition of its MSR portfolio, the cost of hedging and the anticipated effectiveness of the hedges given the economic environment. Refer to Note 9 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on derivative instruments used for this purpose.

Foreign Currency Risk
The Bancorp may enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts to economically hedge certain foreign denominated loans. The derivatives are classified as free-standing instruments with the revaluation gain or loss being recorded in other noninterest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The balance of the Bancorp’s foreign denominated loans at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $948 million and $861 million, respectively. The Bancorp also enters into foreign exchange contracts for the benefit of commercial customers to hedge their exposure to foreign currency fluctuations. Similar to the hedging of price risk from interest rate derivative contracts entered into with commercial customers, the Bancorp also enters into foreign exchange contracts with major financial institutions to economically hedge a substantial portion of the exposure from client driven foreign exchange activity. The Bancorp has risk limits and internal controls in place to help ensure excessive risk is not being taken in providing this service to customers. These controls include an independent determination of currency volatility and potential future exposure on these contracts, counterparty credit approvals and country limits performed by independent risk management.

Commodity Risk
The Bancorp also enters into commodity contracts for the benefit of commercial customers to hedge their exposure to commodity price fluctuations. Similar to the hedging of foreign exchange and price risk from interest rate derivative contracts, the Bancorp also enters into commodity contracts with major financial institutions to economically hedge a substantial portion of the exposure from client driven commodity activity. The Bancorp may also offset this risk with exchange-traded commodity contracts. The Bancorp has risk limits and internal controls in place to help ensure excessive risk is not taken in providing this service to customers. These controls include an independent determination of commodity volatility and potential future exposure on these contracts and counterparty credit approvals performed by independent risk management.
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LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT
The goal of liquidity risk management is to maintain adequate funds to meet changes in the balance sheet, contractual obligations and risk arising from off-balance-sheet exposures. The mitigation of liquidity risk is accomplished primarily through the management of a granular core deposit base and the utilization of stable, long-term funding sources. The Bancorp maintains a contingency funding plan and liquidity stress testing framework that collectively inform prudent levels of on-balance sheet liquidity in the form of cash and investment securities, along with contingent borrowing capacity at the FHLB and the FRB Discount Window, and outline responses and actions to various liquidity stress events. A summary of certain obligations and commitments to make future payments under contracts is included in Note 13 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Liquidity risk is monitored and managed for both Fifth Third Bancorp and its subsidiaries. The Bancorp (parent company) receives substantially all of its liquidity from dividends from its subsidiaries, primarily Fifth Third Bank, National Association. Subsidiary dividends are supplemented with term debt to enable the Bancorp to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet its cash obligations, including debt service and scheduled maturities, common and preferred dividends, unfunded commitments to subsidiaries and other planned capital actions in the form of share repurchases. Liquidity resources are more limited at the Bancorp, making its liquidity position more susceptible to market disruptions. Bancorp liquidity is assessed using a cash coverage horizon, ensuring the entity maintains sufficient liquidity to withstand a period of sustained market disruption while meeting its anticipated obligations over an extended stressed horizon.

Liquidity risk is monitored and managed by the Treasury department with independent oversight provided by ERM, and a series of policy limits and key risk indicators are established to ensure risks are managed within the Board-approved risk appetite. ALCO, which includes senior management representatives, monitors and manages liquidity risk within the Board-approved risk appetite and is accountable to ERMC.

Sources of Funds
Primary sources of funds include revenue from noninterest income as well as cash flows from loan and lease payments, payments from securities including sales and maturities, the sale or securitization of loans and leases and funds generated by core deposits, in addition to the use of wholesale borrowings.

The available-for-sale debt and other securities and held-to-maturity securities portfolios had a fair value of $49.8 billion at June 30, 2025. From these portfolios, $8.1 billion in principal and interest payments are expected to be received in the next 12 months and an additional $7.4 billion is expected to be received in the next 13 to 24 months. For further information on the investment securities portfolio, refer to the Investment Securities subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A.

Asset-driven liquidity is provided by the ability to monetize loans, leases and investment securities through a variety of channels, including repurchase agreements, outright sales, securitizations or pledging to secured borrowing providers. In order to reduce the exposure to interest rate fluctuations and to manage liquidity, the Bancorp has developed securitization and sale procedures for several types of interest-sensitive assets. A majority of the long-term, fixed-rate single-family residential mortgage loans underwritten according to FHLMC or FNMA guidelines are sold for cash upon origination. Additional assets such as certain other residential mortgage loans, certain commercial loans and leases, home equity loans, automobile loans, solar energy installation loans and other consumer loans are also capable of being securitized or sold. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Bancorp sold loans and leases totaling $1.3 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively, compared to $867 million and $1.7 billion during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. For further information, refer to Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Core deposits have historically provided a sizeable source of relatively stable and low-cost funds. Average core deposits and average shareholders’ equity funded 86% of the Bancorp’s average total assets for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 85% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. In addition to core deposit funding, the Bancorp also accesses a variety of other short-term and long-term funding sources, which include the use of the FHLB system. Management does not rely on any one source of liquidity and manages availability in response to changing balance sheet needs.

In June of 2023, the Board of Directors authorized $10.0 billion of debt or other securities for issuance, of which $7.0 billion of debt or other securities were available for issuance as of June 30, 2025. The Bancorp is authorized to file any necessary registration statements with the SEC to permit ready access to the public securities markets; however, access to these markets may depend on market conditions.

As of June 30, 2025, the Bank’s global bank note program had a borrowing capacity of $25.0 billion, of which $19.4 billion was available for issuance. On January 28, 2025, the Bank issued and sold, under this program, $700 million of fixed-rate/floating-rate senior notes and $300 million of floating-rate senior notes, as further discussed in Note 11 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Additionally, at June 30, 2025, the Bank had approximately $71.3 billion of borrowing capacity available through secured borrowing sources, including the FRB and the FHLB.

54

Table of Contents
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Current Liquidity Position
The Bancorp maintains a strong liquidity profile driven by strong core deposit funding and over $100 billion in readily available liquidity. Refer to the Deposits subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A for more information regarding the Bancorp’s deposit portfolio characteristics. The Bancorp maintains a liquidity profile focused on core deposit and stable long-term funding sources, while supplementing with a variety of secured and unsecured wholesale funding sources across the maturity spectrum, which allows for the effective management of concentration and rollover risk. The investment securities portfolio remains highly concentrated in liquid and readily marketable instruments and is a significant source of secured borrowing capacity via several monetization channels. As part of its liquidity management activities, the Bancorp maintains collateral at its secured funding providers to ensure immediate availability of funding. Additionally, the Bancorp routinely executes test trades to assess the operational processes and market depth associated with its secured funding sources.

As of June 30, 2025, the Bancorp (parent company) had sufficient liquidity to meet contractual obligations and all preferred and common dividends without accessing the capital markets or receiving upstream dividends from the Bank subsidiary for 30 months.

Credit Ratings
The cost and availability of financing to the Bancorp and Bank are impacted by its credit ratings. A downgrade to the credit ratings of the Bancorp or the Bank could affect their ability to access the credit markets and increase borrowing costs, thereby adversely impacting their financial condition and liquidity. Key factors in maintaining high credit ratings include a stable and diverse earnings stream, strong credit quality, strong capital ratios and diverse funding sources, in addition to disciplined liquidity monitoring procedures.

Credit ratings are summarized in Table 58. The ratings reflect the view of each rating agency on the capacity of the Bancorp and the Bank to meet financial commitments.*

*As an investor, you should be aware that a security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, that it may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization and that each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Additional information on the credit rating ranking within the overall classification system is located on the website of each credit rating agency.
TABLE 58: Agency Ratings
As of August 5, 2025Moody’sStandard and Poor’sFitchDBRS Morningstar
 Fifth Third Bancorp:
Short-term borrowingsNo ratingA-2F1R-1L
Senior debtBaa1BBB+A-A
Subordinated debtBaa1BBBBBB+AL
Fifth Third Bank, National Association:
Short-term borrowingsP-2A-2F1R-1M
Short-term depositP-1No ratingF1No rating
Long-term depositA1No ratingAAH
Senior debtA3A-A-AH
Subordinated debtA3BBB+BBB+A
Rating Agency Outlook for Fifth Third Bancorp and Fifth Third Bank, National AssociationStableStableStable
Positive

55

Table of Contents
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Management regularly reviews capital levels to help ensure it is appropriately positioned under various operating environments. The Bancorp has established a Capital Committee which is responsible for making capital plan recommendations to management. These recommendations are reviewed by the ERMC and the capital plan is approved by the Board of Directors. The Capital Committee is responsible for execution and oversight of the capital actions of the capital plan.

Regulatory Capital Ratios
The Basel III Final Rule sets minimum regulatory capital ratios as well as defines the measure of “well-capitalized” for insured depository institutions. The following table presents these requirements as well as the actual ratios and amounts for the Bancorp and Bank as of:
TABLE 59: Regulatory Capital
Regulatory Ratio RequirementsJune 30, 2025
December 31, 2024(a)
($ in millions)MinimumWell-CapitalizedRatioAmountRatioAmount
CET1 capital:
Fifth Third Bancorp4.50  %N/A10.58  %$17,616 10.57  %$17,339 
Fifth Third Bank, National Association4.50 6.50 12.87 21,280 12.86 20,943 
Tier 1 risk-based capital:
Fifth Third Bancorp6.00 6.00 11.85 19,732 11.86 19,455 
Fifth Third Bank, National Association6.00 8.00 12.87 21,280 12.86 20,943 
Total risk-based capital:
Fifth Third Bancorp8.00 10.00 13.77 22,929 13.86 22,746 
Fifth Third Bank, National Association8.00 10.00 14.12 23,338 14.19 23,116 
Leverage:
Fifth Third Bancorp4.00 N/A9.42 19,732 9.22 19,455 
Fifth Third Bank, National Association4.00 5.00 10.25 21,280 10.02 20,943 
Total risk-weighted assets:
Fifth Third Bancorp166,517 164,102 
Fifth Third Bank, National Association165,325 162,895 
Quarterly average assets for leverage:(b)
Fifth Third Bancorp209,413 210,963 
Fifth Third Bank, National Association207,539 209,038 
(a)Regulatory capital ratios and amounts as of December 31, 2024 were calculated pursuant to the five-year transition provision option to phase in the effects of CECL on regulatory capital. This has been fully phased in as of January 1, 2025.
(b)Quarterly average assets are a component of the leverage ratio and, for this purpose, do not include goodwill or any other assets that the U.S. banking agencies determine should be deducted from Tier 1 capital.

The following table presents additional capital ratios of the Bancorp as of:
TABLE 60: Additional Capital Ratios
June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Quarterly average total Bancorp shareholders’ equity as a percent of average assets9.82  %9.40 
Tangible equity as a percent of tangible assets(a)(b)
9.39 9.02 
Tangible common equity as a percent of tangible assets(a)(b)
8.38 8.03 
(a)These are non-GAAP measures. For further information, refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of MD&A.
(b)Excludes AOCI.

Capital Planning
The Bancorp maintains a comprehensive process for managing capital that considers the current and forward-looking macroeconomic and regulatory environments and makes capital distributions that are consistent with FRB requirements and the stress capital buffer requirement. Under the Enhanced Prudential Standards tailoring rules, the Bancorp is subject to Category IV standards, under which the Bancorp is required to develop and maintain a capital plan approved by the Board of Directors on an annual basis. The Bancorp is also subject to supervisory stress tests every two years. The Bancorp was not subject to the 2025 supervisory stress test conducted by the FRB, but submitted the Board-approved capital plan and information contained in Schedule C - Regulatory Capital Instruments, as required, by the April 5, 2025 deadline.

56

Table of Contents
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)
Dividend Policy and Stock Repurchase Program
The Bancorp’s common stock dividend policy and stock repurchase program reflect its earnings outlook, desired payout ratios, the need to maintain adequate capital levels, the ability of its subsidiaries to pay dividends and the need to comply with safe and sound banking practices as well as meet regulatory requirements and expectations. The Bancorp declared dividends per common share of $0.37 and $0.35 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $0.74 and $0.70 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Pursuant to the Bancorp’s Board-approved capital plan, during the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Bancorp entered into and settled an accelerated share repurchase transaction. Refer to Note 12 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on share repurchase activity.

The following table summarizes the monthly share repurchase activity for the three months ended June 30, 2025:
TABLE 61: Share Repurchases

Period
Total Number
of Shares Purchased(a)
Average Price
Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares
Purchased as a Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
Maximum Number of
Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased under the
Plans or Programs(b)
April 1 - April 30, 202541,236$35.45 —11,830,259
May 1 - May 31, 202591,19037.72 —11,830,259
June 1 - June 30, 202515,03439.03 —100,000,000
Total147,460$37.22 —100,000,000
(a)    Shares repurchased during the second quarter of 2025 were in connection with various employee compensation plans. These purchases do not count against the maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the Board of Directors’ authorization.
(b)    On June 13, 2025, the Bancorp’s Board of Directors authorized management to purchase 100 million shares of the Bancorp’s common stock through the open market or in any private party transactions. This authorization did not include specific targets or an expiration date.
57
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk (Item 3)
Information presented in the Interest Rate and Price Risk Management subsection of the Risk Management section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is incorporated herein by reference. This information contains certain statements that the Bancorp believes are forward-looking statements. Refer to page 1 for cautionary information regarding forward-looking statements.

Controls and Procedures (Item 4)
The Bancorp conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Bancorp’s management, including the Bancorp’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Bancorp’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on the foregoing, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Bancorp’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Bancorp’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective, in all material respects, to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Bancorp files and submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required and information is accumulated and communicated to the Bancorp’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

The Bancorp’s management also conducted an evaluation of internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, there has been no such change during the period covered by this report.
58

Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (Item 1)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)
As of
June 30,December 31,
($ in millions, except share data)20252024
Assets
Cash and due from banks$2,972 3,014 
Other short-term investments(a)
13,043 17,120 
Available-for-sale debt and other securities (amortized cost of $41,731 and $43,878)
38,270 39,547 
Held-to-maturity securities (fair value of $11,547 and $10,965)
11,630 11,278 
Trading debt securities1,324 1,185 
Equity securities404 341 
Loans and leases held for sale (includes $572 and $574 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value)
646 640 
Portfolio loans and leases(a) (includes $107 and $108 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value)
122,396 119,791 
Allowance for loan and lease losses(a)
(2,412)(2,352)
Portfolio loans and leases, net119,984 117,439 
Bank premises and equipment (includes $9 and $14 held for sale)
2,560 2,475 
Operating lease equipment344 319 
Goodwill4,918 4,918 
Intangible assets75 90 
Servicing rights1,629 1,704 
Other assets(a)
12,192 12,857 
Total Assets$209,991 212,927 
Liabilities
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing deposits$42,174 41,038 
Interest-bearing deposits122,033 126,214 
Total deposits164,207 167,252 
Federal funds purchased178 204 
Other short-term borrowings3,393 4,450 
Accrued taxes, interest and expenses1,970 2,137 
Other liabilities(a)
4,627 4,902 
Long-term debt(a)
14,492 14,337 
Total Liabilities$188,867 193,282 
Equity
Common stock(b)
$2,051 2,051 
Preferred stock(c)
2,116 2,116 
Capital surplus3,794 3,804 
Retained earnings24,718 24,150 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(3,546)(4,636)
Treasury stock(b)
(8,009)(7,840)
Total Equity$21,124 19,645 
Total Liabilities and Equity$209,991 212,927 
(a)Includes $43 and $51 of other short-term investments, $757 and $1,000 of portfolio loans and leases, $(14) and $(19) of ALLL, $6 and $5 of other assets, $11 and $12 of other liabilities and $664 and $889 of long-term debt from consolidated VIEs that are included in their respective captions above at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. For further information, refer to Note 7.
(b)Common shares: Stated value $2.22 per share; authorized 2,000,000,000; outstanding at June 30, 2025 – 667,709,709 (excludes 256,182,872 treasury shares), December 31, 2024 – 669,853,830 (excludes 254,038,751 treasury shares).
(c)500,000 shares of no par value preferred stock were authorized at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. There were 422,000 unissued shares of undesignated no par value preferred stock at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Each issued share of no par value preferred stock has a liquidation preference of $25,000. 500,000 shares of no par value Class B preferred stock were authorized at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. There were 300,000 unissued shares of undesignated no par value Class B preferred stock at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Each issued share of no par value Class B preferred stock has a liquidation preference of $1,000.

Refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
59
Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited)
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions, except share data)2025202420252024
Interest Income
Interest and fees on loans and leases$1,881 1,871 3,696 3,731 
Interest on securities458 458 910 913 
Interest on other short-term investments145 291 311 584 
Total interest income2,484 2,620 4,917 5,228 
Interest Expense
Interest on deposits732 958 1,476 1,912 
Interest on federal funds purchased2 3 4 6 
Interest on other short-term borrowings59 48 115 95 
Interest on long-term debt196 224 390 444 
Total interest expense989 1,233 1,985 2,457 
Net Interest Income1,495 1,387 2,932 2,771 
Provision for credit losses173 97 347 191 
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses1,322 1,290 2,585 2,580 
Noninterest Income
Wealth and asset management revenue166 159 338 320 
Commercial payments revenue152 154 305 298 
Consumer banking revenue147 139 284 275 
Capital markets fees90 93 179 190 
Commercial banking revenue79 90 160 174 
Mortgage banking net revenue56 50 113 104 
Other noninterest income44 7 58 32 
Securities gains, net16 3 7 13 
Total noninterest income750 695 1,444 1,406 
Noninterest Expense
Compensation and benefits698 656 1,447 1,409 
Technology and communications126 114 250 231 
Net occupancy expense83 83 171 170 
Equipment expense41 38 82 76 
Marketing expense43 34 71 66 
Loan and lease expense36 33 66 62 
Card and processing expense22 21 43 41 
Other noninterest expense215 242 438 507 
Total noninterest expense1,264 1,221 2,568 2,562 
Income Before Income Taxes808 764 1,461 1,424 
Applicable income tax expense180 163 319 302 
Net Income628 601 1,142 1,122 
Dividends on preferred stock37 40 73 81 
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders$591 561 1,069 1,041 
Earnings per share - basic$0.88 0.82 1.59 1.52 
Earnings per share - diluted$0.88 0.81 1.58 1.51 
Average common shares outstanding - basic670,787,224 686,781,201 670,919,040 686,265,437 
Average common shares outstanding - diluted674,034,313 691,082,792 675,031,656 690,858,162 

Refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
60
Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Net Income$628 601 1,142 1,122 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period179 (1)660 (182)
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities— — — 785 
Reclassification adjustment for net losses included in net income— 3 — 5 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities:
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities— — — (785)
Amortization of unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities22 25 47 50 
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period110 (109)303 (425)
Reclassification adjustment for net losses included in net income38 69 80 138 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax349 (13)1,090 (414)
Comprehensive Income$977 588 2,232 708 

Refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
61
Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (unaudited)
($ in millions, except per share data)Common
Stock		Preferred
Stock		Capital
Surplus		Retained
Earnings		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss		Treasury
Stock		Total
Equity
Balance at March 31, 2024$2,051 2,116 3,742 23,224 (4,888)(7,227)19,018 
Net income601 601 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax(13)(13)
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock ($0.35 per share)
(243)(243)
Preferred stock:
     Series H ($543.27 per share)
(13)(13)
     Series I ($586.04 per share)
(11)(11)
     Series J ($549.41 per share)
(6)(6)
     Series K ($309.38 per share)
(3)(3)
     Series L ($281.25 per share)
(4)(4)
     Class B, Series A ($15.00 per share)
(3)(3)
Shares acquired for treasury(125)(125)
Impact of stock transactions under stock compensation plans, net22 6 28 
Balance at June 30, 2024$2,051 2,116 3,764 23,542 (4,901)(7,346)19,226 

Balance at March 31, 2025$2,051 2,116 3,773 24,377 (3,895)(8,019)20,403 
Net income628 628 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax349 349 
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock ($0.37 per share)
(250)(250)
Preferred stock:
     Series H ($479.80 per share)
(12)(12)
     Series I ($522.57 per share)
(9)(9)
     Series J ($485.94 per share)
(6)(6)
     Series K ($309.38 per share)
(3)(3)
     Series L ($281.25 per share)
(4)(4)
     Class B, Series A ($15.00 per share)
(3)(3)
Impact of stock transactions under stock compensation plans, net21 10 31 
Balance at June 30, 2025$2,051 2,116 3,794 24,718 (3,546)(8,009)21,124 

Refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.





















62
Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (unaudited)
($ in millions, except per share data)Common
Stock		Preferred
Stock		Capital
Surplus		Retained
Earnings		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss		Treasury
Stock		Total
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2023$2,051 2,116 3,757 22,997 (4,487)(7,262)19,172 
Impact of cumulative effect of change in accounting principle(10)(10)
Balance at January 1, 2024$2,051 2,116 3,757 22,987 (4,487)(7,262)19,162 
Net income1,122 1,122 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax(414)(414)
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock ($0.70 per share)
(486)(486)
Preferred stock:
     Series H ($1,088.36 per share)
(27)(27)
     Series I ($1,173.90 per share)
(21)(21)
     Series J ($1,100.42 per share)
(13)(13)
     Series K ($618.75 per share)
(6)(6)
     Series L ($562.50 per share)
(8)(8)
     Class B, Series A ($30.00 per share)
(6)(6)
Shares acquired for treasury(125)(125)
Impact of stock transactions under stock compensation plans, net7 41 48 
Balance at June 30, 2024$2,051 2,116 3,764 23,542 (4,901)(7,346)19,226 

Balance at December 31, 2024$2,051 2,116 3,804 24,150 (4,636)(7,840)19,645 
Net income1,142 1,142 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax1,090 1,090 
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock ($0.74 per share)
(501)(501)
Preferred stock:
     Series H ($956.35 per share)
(23)(23)
     Series I ($1,041.42 per share)
(19)(19)
     Series J ($968.34 per share)
(11)(11)
     Series K ($618.75 per share)
(6)(6)
     Series L ($562.50 per share)
(8)(8)
     Class B, Series A ($30.00 per share)
(6)(6)
Shares acquired for treasury(226)(226)
Impact of stock transactions under stock compensation plans, net(10)57 47 
Balance at June 30, 2025$2,051 2,116 3,794 24,718 (3,546)(8,009)21,124 

Refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.



63
Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes (continued)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
For the six months ended June 30,
($ in millions)20252024
Operating Activities
Net income$1,142 1,122 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses347 191 
Depreciation, amortization and accretion273 248 
Stock-based compensation expense108 100 
Benefit from deferred income taxes(13)(2)
Securities gains, net(13)(15)
MSR fair value adjustment100 22 
Net gains on sales of loans and fair value adjustments on loans held for sale(35)(10)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale2,239 1,547 
Loans originated or purchased for sale, net of repayments(2,256)(1,749)
Dividends representing return on equity method investments22 20 
Net change in:
Equity and trading debt securities(91)(104)
Other assets839 (245)
Accrued taxes, interest and expenses and other liabilities(123)(60)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities2,539 1,065 
Investing Activities
Proceeds from sales:
AFS securities and other investments2,361 289 
Loans and leases173 186 
Bank premises and equipment — 16 
MSRs— 5 
Proceeds from repayments / maturities of AFS and HTM securities and other investments3,167 2,609 
Purchases:
AFS and HTM securities, equity method investments and other investments(4,050)(3,197)
Bank premises and equipment(260)(156)
Proceeds from settlement of BOLI26 19 
Proceeds from sales and dividends representing return of equity method investments11 5 
Net cash received for divestitures— 6 
Net change in:
Other short-term investments4,077 997 
Portfolio loans and leases(3,069)247 
Operating lease equipment(61)25 
Net Cash Provided by Investing Activities2,375 1,051 
Financing Activities
Net change in deposits(3,045)(2,144)
Net change in federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings8 1,003 
Proceeds from short-term FHLB advances2,500 500 
Repayment of short-term FHLB advances(3,600)(1,000)
Proceeds from long-term debt issuances/advances1,028 2,506 
Repayment of long-term debt(980)(2,542)
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock(581)(567)
Repurchases of treasury stock and related forward contract(225)(125)
Other(61)(52)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities(4,956)(2,421)
Decrease in Cash and Due from Banks(42)(305)
Cash and Due from Banks at Beginning of Period3,014 3,142 
Cash and Due from Banks at End of Period$2,972 2,837 
Refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 2 contains cash payments related to interest and income taxes, non-cash investing and financing activities as well as supplemental disclosures related to lease cash flows.
64
Table of Contents

Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Bancorp and its majority-owned subsidiaries and VIEs in which the Bancorp has been determined to be the primary beneficiary. Other entities, including certain joint ventures in which the Bancorp has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of the investee, but upon which the Bancorp does not possess control, are accounted for by the equity method and not consolidated. The investments in those entities in which the Bancorp does not have the ability to exercise significant influence are generally carried at fair value unless the investment does not have a readily determinable fair value. The Bancorp accounts for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value using the measurement alternative to fair value, representing the cost of the investment minus any impairment recorded and plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Intercompany transactions and balances among consolidated entities have been eliminated.

In the opinion of management, the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all adjustments, which consist of normal recurring accruals, necessary to present fairly the results for the periods presented. In accordance with U.S. GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial information, these statements do not include certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete annual financial statements and it is suggested that these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements be read in conjunction with the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations, comprehensive income, and changes in equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Financial information as of December 31, 2024 has been derived from the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

2. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash payments related to interest and income taxes, non-cash investing and financing activities as well as supplemental disclosures related to lease cash flows are presented in the following table for the six months ended June 30:
($ in millions)20252024
Cash Payments:
Interest$2,017 2,492 
Income taxes18 79 
Transfers:
Portfolio loans and leases to loans and leases held for sale$138 135 
Loans and leases held for sale to portfolio loans and leases2 2 
Portfolio loans and leases to OREO11 9 
Bank premises and equipment to OREO12 6 
Available-for-sale debt securities to held-to-maturity securities(a)
— 11,593 
Supplemental Disclosures:
Net additions to lease liabilities under operating leases
$100 41 
Net additions to lease liabilities under finance leases— 45 
Lease payments received for operating lease equipment
41 54 
Cash Paid for Amounts Included in the Measurement of Lease Liabilities:(b)
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$48 47 
Operating cash flows from finance leases
3 3 
Financing cash flows from finance leases
8 9 
(a)Represents the fair value of the securities on the date of transfer. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.
(b)The cash flows related to short-term and variable lease payments are not included in the amounts presented as they were not included in the measurement of lease liabilities.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
3. Accounting and Reporting Developments

Standard Adopted in 2025
The Bancorp adopted the following new accounting standard during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

ASU 2023-09 – Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which amends the disclosure requirements for income taxes. The amendments primarily include new requirements to disclose additional information as part of the reconciliation of the effective tax rate to statutory tax rates, provide the amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, and income tax expense disaggregated between federal, state and foreign jurisdictions and provide income before income taxes disaggregated between domestic and foreign jurisdictions. The amendments also discontinue certain other disclosure requirements. The Bancorp adopted the amended guidance on January 1, 2025 and will provide the amended disclosures within its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Significant Accounting Standard Issued but Not Yet Adopted
The following significant accounting standard was issued but not yet adopted by the Bancorp as of June 30, 2025:

ASU 2024-03 – Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, which introduces new requirements to disclose additional information about certain types of expenses, including employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and selling expenses. The amended guidance is effective for the Bancorp for the year ending December 31, 2027 and subsequent interim reporting periods beginning in 2028, with early adoption permitted, and is to be applied prospectively, with retrospective application permitted. The Bancorp is in the process of evaluating the impact of the amended guidance on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
4. Investment Securities
The Bancorp uses investment securities as a means of managing interest rate risk, providing collateral for pledging purposes and for liquidity risk management. The Bancorp may also utilize investment securities as part of a non-qualifying hedging strategy to manage interest rate risk related to MSRs.

The following tables provide the amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value for the major categories of the available-for-sale debt and other securities and held-to-maturity securities portfolios as of:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Amortized
Cost		Unrealized
Gains		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Available-for-sale debt and other securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$3,505 3 — 3,508 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities7,515 4 (632)6,887 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities23,383 3 (2,443)20,943 
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities3,576 1 (254)3,323 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities2,945 1 (144)2,802 
Other securities(a)
807 — — 807 
Total available-for-sale debt and other securities$41,731 12 (3,473)38,270 
Held-to-maturity securities:(b)
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$2,404 10 — 2,414 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities5,238 8 (113)5,133 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities3,986 23 (11)3,998 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities2 — — 2 
Total held-to-maturity securities$11,630 41 (124)11,547 
(a)Other securities consist of FHLB, FRB and DTCC restricted stock holdings of $300, $504 and $3, respectively, at June 30, 2025, that are carried at cost.
(b)The amortized cost basis includes a discount of $805 at June 30, 2025 pertaining to the remaining unamortized portion of unrealized losses on securities transferred to HTM.

December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Amortized
Cost		Unrealized
Gains		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Available-for-sale debt and other securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$4,358 2 — 4,360 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities6,460 — (779)5,681 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities23,853 1 (3,022)20,832 
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities4,505 — (338)4,167 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities3,924 3 (198)3,729 
Other securities(a)
778 — — 778 
Total available-for-sale debt and other securities$43,878 6 (4,337)39,547 
Held-to-maturity securities:(b)
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$2,370 — (26)2,344 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities4,898 — (197)4,701 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities4,008 — (90)3,918 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities2 — — 2 
Total held-to-maturity securities$11,278 — (313)10,965 
(a)Other securities consist of FHLB, FRB and DTCC restricted stock holdings of $276, $500 and $2, respectively, at December 31, 2024, that are carried at cost.
(b)The amortized cost basis includes a discount of $865 at December 31, 2024 pertaining to the remaining unamortized portion of unrealized losses on securities transferred to HTM.

The following table provides the fair value of trading debt securities and equity securities as of:

($ in millions)		June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Trading debt securities$1,324 1,185 
Equity securities404 341 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The amounts reported in the preceding tables exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities of $156 million and $162 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which is presented as a component of other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In January 2024, the Bancorp transferred $12.6 billion (amortized cost basis) of investment securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity to reflect the Bancorp’s change in intent to hold these securities to maturity in order to reduce potential capital volatility associated with investment security market price fluctuations. AOCI included pretax unrealized losses of $994 million on these securities at the date of transfer. The unrealized losses that existed on the date of transfer will continue to be reported as a component of AOCI and will be amortized into income over the remaining life of the securities as an adjustment to yield, offsetting the amortization of the discount resulting from the transfer recorded at fair value. The amortized cost basis of held-to-maturity securities included a discount of $805 million and $865 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, pertaining to the unamortized portion of unrealized losses on the previously transferred securities, which are offset in AOCI.

The following table presents the components of net securities losses and gains recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:
For the three months ended June 30,For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Available-for-sale debt and other securities:
Realized gains$1 1 6 3 
Realized losses(1)— (6)— 
Impairment losses— (5)— (10)
Net losses on available-for-sale debt and other securities$— (4)— (7)
Equity securities:
Net realized (losses) gains(5)11 (5)11 
Net unrealized gains (losses)21 (4)12 9 
Net equity securities gains$16 7 7 20 
Total gains recognized in income from available-for-sale debt and other securities, trading debt securities and equity securities(a)
$16 3 7 13 
(a)Excludes $2 and $6 of net securities gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and an immaterial amount and $2 of net securities gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, related to securities held by FTS to facilitate the timely execution of customer transactions. These gains and losses are included in capital markets fees and wealth and asset management revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of impairment losses on its available-for-sale debt and other securities for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. The Bancorp recognized $5 million and $10 million of impairment losses on available-for-sale debt and other securities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. These losses were included in securities gains, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and related to certain securities in unrealized loss positions where the Bancorp had determined that it no longer intended to hold the securities until the recovery of their amortized cost bases.

At both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp did not recognize an allowance for credit losses for its investment securities. The Bancorp also did not recognize provision for credit losses for investment securities during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, investment securities with a fair value of $28.8 billion and $30.0 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowing capacity, public deposits, trust funds, derivative contracts and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.


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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The expected maturity distribution of the Bancorp’s mortgage-backed securities and the contractual maturity distribution of the remainder of the Bancorp’s available-for-sale debt and other securities and held-to-maturity securities as of June 30, 2025 are shown in the following table:
($ in millions)Available-for-Sale Debt and OtherHeld-to-Maturity
Amortized CostFair ValueAmortized CostFair Value
Debt securities:(a)
Due in 1 year or less$3,630 3,618 630 630 
Due after 1 year through 5 years14,562 13,882 2,776 2,795 
Due after 5 years through 10 years16,869 14,924 7,837 7,737 
Due after 10 years5,863 5,039 387 385 
Other securities807 807 — — 
Total$41,731 38,270 11,630 11,547 
(a)Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities when a right to call or prepay obligations exists with or without call or prepayment penalties.

The following table provides the fair value and gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt and other securities in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of:
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
($ in millions)Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses		Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses		Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
June 30, 2025
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$— — — — — — 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities1,431 (15)4,477 (617)5,908 (632)
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities166 (4)20,580 (2,439)20,746 (2,443)
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities76 (1)3,136 (253)3,212 (254)
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities163 (1)2,513 (143)2,676 (144)
Total$1,836 (21)30,706 (3,452)32,542 (3,473)
December 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$569 — — — 569 — 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities1,061 (14)4,566 (765)5,627 (779)
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities157 (6)20,536 (3,016)20,693 (3,022)
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities183 (3)3,984 (335)4,167 (338)
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities283 (11)3,157 (187)3,440 (198)
Total$2,253 (34)32,243 (4,303)34,496 (4,337)

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $27 million and $34 million, respectively, of unrealized losses in the available-for-sale debt and other securities portfolio were related to non-rated securities.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
5. Loans and Leases
The Bancorp diversifies its loan and lease portfolio by offering a variety of loan and lease products with various payment terms and rate structures. The Bancorp’s commercial loan and lease portfolio consists of lending to various industry types. Management periodically reviews the performance of its loan and lease products to evaluate whether they are performing within acceptable interest rate and credit risk levels and changes are made to underwriting policies and procedures as needed. The Bancorp maintains an allowance to absorb loan and lease losses that are expected to be incurred over the remaining contractual terms of the related loans and leases. For further information on credit quality and the ALLL, refer to Note 6.

The following table provides a summary of commercial loans and leases classified by primary purpose and consumer loans classified based upon product or collateral as of:

($ in millions)		June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Loans and leases held for sale:
Commercial and industrial loans$42 15 
Commercial mortgage loans23 22 
Commercial construction loans— 29 
Commercial leases9 — 
Residential mortgage loans572 574 
Total loans and leases held for sale$646 640 
Portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$53,312 52,271 
Commercial mortgage loans12,112 12,246 
Commercial construction loans5,551 5,588 
Commercial leases3,177 3,188 
Total commercial loans and leases$74,152 73,293 
Residential mortgage loans$17,681 17,543 
Home equity4,485 4,188 
Indirect secured consumer loans17,591 16,313 
Credit card1,707 1,734 
Solar energy installation loans4,316 4,202 
Other consumer loans2,464 2,518 
Total consumer loans$48,244 46,498 
Total portfolio loans and leases$122,396 119,791 

Portfolio loans and leases are recorded net of unearned income, which totaled $383 million and $380 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The amortized cost basis of loans and leases excludes accrued interest receivable of $571 million and $566 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which is presented as a component of other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Additionally, portfolio loans and leases are recorded net of unamortized premiums and discounts, deferred direct loan origination fees and costs associated with loans and valuation adjustments associated with loans measured at fair value. These items totaled a net discount of $234 million and $324 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, of which $893 million and $901 million of net discount was related to solar energy installation loans, respectively.

The Bancorp’s FHLB and FRB borrowings are primarily secured by loans. The Bancorp had loans of $15.0 billion and $15.1 billion as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, pledged to the FHLB, and loans of $59.6 billion and $55.3 billion as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, pledged to the FRB.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following table presents a summary of net charge-offs:
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Commercial and industrial loans$69 80 121 115 
Commercial mortgage loans3 — 14 — 
Commercial leases(1)— 1 — 
Residential mortgage loans(1)— (1)(1)
Home equity— (1)1 — 
Indirect secured consumer loans16 17 38 42 
Credit card15 17 32 36 
Solar energy installation loans20 12 38 24 
Other consumer loans18 19 32 38 
Total net charge-offs$139 144 276 254 

The following table presents the income recognized related to leases where the Bancorp is the lessor:
($ in millions)Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income CaptionFor the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
2025202420252024
Direct financing leasesInterest and fees on loans and leases$10 9 19 19 
Sales-type leasesInterest and fees on loans and leases27 19 53 37 
Operating leasesCommercial banking revenue20 26 41 54 
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
6. Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The Bancorp disaggregates ALLL balances and transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment. Credit quality related disclosures for loans and leases are further disaggregated by class. Refer to Note 1 and Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information on the Bancorp’s accounting policies and estimation practices for the ALLL.

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The following tables summarize transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment:
For the three months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Commercial		Residential
Mortgage
Consumer
Total
Balance, beginning of period$1,241 139 1,004 2,384 
Losses charged-off(a)
(90)— (104)(194)
Recoveries of losses previously charged-off(a)
19 1 35 55 
Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses123 (6)50 167 
Balance, end of period$1,293 134 985 2,412 
(a)The Bancorp recorded $5 in both losses charged-off and recoveries of losses previously charged-off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements.

For the three months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)

Commercial
Residential
Mortgage

Consumer

Total
Balance, beginning of period$1,141 140 1,037 2,318 
Losses charged-off(a)
(83)(1)(98)(182)
Recoveries of losses previously charged-off(a)
3 1 34 38 
Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses52 (4)66 114 
Balance, end of period$1,113 136 1,039 2,288 
(a)The Bancorp recorded $7 in both losses charged-off and recoveries of losses previously charged-off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements.

For the six months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)

Commercial		Residential
Mortgage
Consumer
Total
Balance, beginning of period$1,154 146 1,052 2,352 
Losses charged off(a)
(156)(1)(209)(366)
Recoveries of losses previously charged off(a)
20 2 68 90 
Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses275 (13)74 336 
Balance, end of period$1,293 134 985 2,412 
(a)The Bancorp recorded $10 in both losses charged-off and recoveries of losses previously charged-off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements.

For the six months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
CommercialResidential MortgageConsumerTotal
Balance, beginning of period$1,130 145 1,047 2,322 
Losses charged off(a)
(123)(1)(204)(328)
Recoveries of losses previously charged off(a)
8 2 64 74 
Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses98 (10)132 220 
Balance, end of period$1,113 136 1,039 2,288 
(a)The Bancorp recorded $15 in both losses charged-off and recoveries of losses previously charged-off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements.


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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables provide a summary of the ALLL and related loans and leases, classified by portfolio segment:
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Commercial		Residential
Mortgage
Consumer
Total
ALLL:(a)
Individually evaluated$181 1 14 196 
Collectively evaluated1,112 133 971 2,216 
Total ALLL$1,293 134 985 2,412 
Portfolio loans and leases:(b)
Individually evaluated$452 141 108 701 
Collectively evaluated73,700 17,433 30,455 121,588 
Total portfolio loans and leases$74,152 17,574 30,563 122,289 
(a)Includes $1 related to commercial leveraged leases at June 30, 2025.
(b)Excludes $107 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value and includes $242 of commercial leveraged leases, net of unearned income, at June 30, 2025.

As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)

Commercial
Residential
Mortgage

Consumer

Total
ALLL:(a)
Individually evaluated$106 — 11 117 
Collectively evaluated1,048 146 1,041 2,235 
Total ALLL$1,154 146 1,052 2,352 
Portfolio loans and leases:(b)
Individually evaluated$395 131 96 622 
Collectively evaluated72,898 17,304 28,859 119,061 
Total portfolio loans and leases$73,293 17,435 28,955 119,683 
(a)Includes $1 related to commercial leveraged leases at December 31, 2024.
(b)Excludes $108 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value and includes $248 of commercial leveraged leases, net of unearned income, at December 31, 2024.

CREDIT RISK PROFILE
Commercial Portfolio Segment
For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: commercial and industrial, commercial mortgage owner-occupied, commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied, commercial construction and commercial leases.

To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp utilizes the following categories of credit ratings: pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. The five categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter.

The Bancorp defines term loans and leases as those having a fixed duration, repayment schedule and defined interest rate. For purposes of disclosing term loans by origination year, the Bancorp generally determines the origination date for loans and leases within the commercial portfolio as the date of the most recent credit decision or extension. Revolving and other loans include loans with revolving privileges and certain complex lending arrangements involving commitments made by the Bancorp under predefined terms, including loans with both revolving and non-revolving components, loans with delayed draw features or loans with interchangeable interest rate and repayment options that extend beyond the time of origination.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio segment, by class and vintage, disaggregated by credit risk rating:
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions) Term Loans and Leases by Origination YearRevolving and Other Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:
Pass$1,840 2,545 1,002 2,183 997 688 40,659 49,914 
Special mention— 70 15 18 15 3 1,021 1,142 
Substandard33 114 96 163 53 33 1,574 2,066 
Doubtful— — — — — — 190 190 
Total commercial and industrial loans$1,873 2,729 1,113 2,364 1,065 724 43,444 53,312 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans:

Pass$527 738 698 744 584 510 1,582 5,383 
Special mention— 13 19 18 9 3 44 106 
Substandard40 18 42 33 26 16 236 411 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans$567 769 759 795 619 529 1,862 5,900 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans:

Pass$260 565 658 773 169 564 2,796 5,785 
Special mention— 5 — — — — 89 94 
Substandard2 80 21 29 — 1 200 333 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans$262 650 679 802 169 565 3,085 6,212 
Commercial construction loans:

Pass$8 4 — — 28 — 4,668 4,708 
Special mention— — — — — — 594 594 
Substandard— — — — — — 249 249 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial construction loans$8 4 — — 28 — 5,511 5,551 
Commercial leases:

Pass$775 1,033 287 232 233 567 — 3,127 
Special mention— 9 4 — — — — 13 
Substandard— 8 8 9 5 7 — 37 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial leases$775 1,050 299 241 238 574 — 3,177 
Total commercial loans and leases:
Pass$3,410 4,885 2,645 3,932 2,011 2,329 49,705 68,917 
Special mention— 97 38 36 24 6 1,748 1,949 
Substandard75 220 167 234 84 57 2,259 3,096 
Doubtful— — — — — — 190 190 
Total commercial loans and leases$3,485 5,202 2,850 4,202 2,119 2,392 53,902 74,152 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions) Term Loans and Leases by Origination YearRevolving and Other Loans
20242023202220212020PriorTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:
Pass$2,966 1,346 2,445 1,321 371 437 40,185 49,071 
Special mention15 13 22 1 3 9 1,055 1,118 
Substandard67 95 182 74 32 15 1,545 2,010 
Doubtful— — 2 — — — 70 72 
Total commercial and industrial loans$3,048 1,454 2,651 1,396 406 461 42,855 52,271 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans:
Pass$786 790 844 630 315 307 1,829 5,501 
Special mention8 9 23 7 — 3 31 81 
Substandard64 34 24 28 9 43 239 441 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans$858 833 891 665 324 353 2,099 6,023 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans:
Pass$710 751 769 170 263 408 2,698 5,769 
Special mention54 — 50 5 — — 150 259 
Substandard38 27 9 — — 2 119 195 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans$802 778 828 175 263 410 2,967 6,223 
Commercial construction loans:
Pass$4 21 — 29 — — 4,565 4,619 
Special mention— — — — — — 756 756 
Substandard— — — — — — 213 213 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial construction loans$4 21 — 29 — — 5,534 5,588 
Commercial leases:
Pass$1,532 335 281 311 137 517 — 3,113 
Special mention4 4 2 3 2 4 — 19 
Substandard— 11 12 4 3 26 — 56 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial leases$1,536 350 295 318 142 547 — 3,188 
Total commercial loans and leases:
Pass$5,998 3,243 4,339 2,461 1,086 1,669 49,277 68,073 
Special mention81 26 97 16 5 16 1,992 2,233 
Substandard169 167 227 106 44 86 2,116 2,915 
Doubtful— — 2 — — — 70 72 
Total commercial loans and leases$6,248 3,436 4,665 2,583 1,135 1,771 53,455 73,293 

The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s gross charge-offs within the commercial portfolio segment, by class and vintage:
For the six months ended June 30, 2025
($ in millions)
Term Loans and Leases by Origination YearRevolving and Other Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$— 8 22 5 3 1 98 137 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans— — — — 3 11 1 15 
Commercial leases— — 1 1 — 2 — 4 
Total commercial loans and leases$— 8 23 6 6 14 99 156 
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
For the six months ended June 30, 2024
($ in millions)
Term Loans and Leases by Origination YearRevolving and Other Loans
20242023202220212020PriorTotal
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$— 2 3 1 1 — 116 123 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans— — — — — — — — 
Commercial leases— — — — — — — — 
Total commercial loans and leases$— 2 3 1 1 — 116 123 

Age Analysis of Past Due Commercial Loans and Leases
The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s amortized cost basis in portfolio commercial loans and leases, by age and class:
Current
Loans and
Leases(a)
Past DueTotal Loans
and Leases		90 Days Past
Due and Still
Accruing
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
30-89
Days(a)
90 Days
or More(a)
Total
Past Due
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$53,086 73 153 226 53,312 5 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans5,883 6 11 17 5,900 — 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans6,202 1 9 10 6,212 3 
Commercial construction loans5,550 1 — 1 5,551 — 
Commercial leases3,163 14 — 14 3,177 — 
Total portfolio commercial loans and leases$73,884 95 173 268 74,152 8 
(a)Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases.

Current
Loans and
Leases(a)
Past DueTotal Loans
and Leases		90 Days Past
Due and Still
Accruing
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)
30-89
Days(a)
90 Days
or More(a)
Total
Past Due
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$52,098 90 83 173 52,271 5 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans5,980 40 3 43 6,023 — 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans6,215 6 2 8 6,223 — 
Commercial construction loans5,587 1 — 1 5,588 — 
Commercial leases3,167 18 3 21 3,188 1 
Total portfolio commercial loans and leases$73,047 155 91 246 73,293 6 
(a)Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases.

Residential Mortgage and Consumer Portfolio Segments
For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its consumer portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: home equity, indirect secured consumer loans, credit card, solar energy installation loans and other consumer loans. The Bancorp’s residential mortgage portfolio segment is also a separate class.

The Bancorp considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for residential mortgage and consumer loans, which includes both the delinquency status and performing versus nonperforming status of the loans.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class and vintage, disaggregated by both delinquency and performing versus nonperforming status:

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Term Loans by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
Residential mortgage loans:
Performing:
Current(a)
$910 2,109 957 2,807 4,349 6,264 — — 17,396 
30-89 days past due— 2 2 4 8 14 — — 30 
90 days or more past due— — — 2 2 3 — — 7 
Nonperforming— — 5 12 16 108 — — 141 
Total residential mortgage loans(b)
$910 2,111 964 2,825 4,375 6,389 — — 17,574 
Home equity:

Performing:

Current$88 154 59 30 2 83 3,896 74 4,386 
30-89 days past due— — — — — 1 19 4 24 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming— — 1 — — 6 62 6 75 
Total home equity$88 154 60 30 2 90 3,977 84 4,485 
Indirect secured consumer loans:

Performing:









Current$4,732 5,428 2,322 2,488 1,736 696 — — 17,402 
30-89 days past due8 24 24 35 20 13 — — 124 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming1 8 14 20 14 8 — — 65 
Total indirect secured consumer loans$4,741 5,460 2,360 2,543 1,770 717 — — 17,591 
Credit card:

Performing:
Current$— — — — — — 1,643 — 1,643 
30-89 days past due— — — — — — 17 — 17 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — 18 — 18 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 29 — 29 
Total credit card$— — — — — — 1,707 — 1,707 
Solar energy installation loans:

Performing:
Current$387 789 1,997 1,068 1 31 — — 4,273 
30-89 days past due— 2 10 5 — — — — 17 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming— 2 14 9 — 1 — — 26 
Total solar energy installation loans$387 793 2,021 1,082 1 32 — — 4,316 
Other consumer loans:

Performing:

Current$124 145 292 436 177 255 983 28 2,440 
30-89 days past due— 1 3 6 3 3 1 — 17 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming— — 2 3 — 1 — 1 7 
Total other consumer loans$124 146 297 445 180 259 984 29 2,464 
Total residential mortgage and consumer loans:
Performing:
Current$6,241 8,625 5,627 6,829 6,265 7,329 6,522 102 47,540 
30-89 days past due8 29 39 50 31 31 37 4 229 
90 days or more past due— — — 2 2 3 18 — 25 
Nonperforming1 10 36 44 30 124 91 7 343 
Total residential mortgage and consumer loans(b)
$6,250 8,664 5,702 6,925 6,328 7,487 6,668 113 48,137 
(a)Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. As of June 30, 2025, $74 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $161 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount and $1 of losses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans.
(b)Excludes $107 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at June 30, 2025, including $1 of 30-89 days past due loans, $1 of 90 days or more past due loans and $2 of nonperforming loans.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions) Term Loans by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans
20242023202220212020PriorTotal
Residential mortgage loans:
Performing:
Current(a)
$1,961 998 2,961 4,606 2,491 4,245 — — 17,262 
30-89 days past due1 3 4 9 4 12 — — 33 
90 days or more past due1 — 1 1 — 2 — — 5 
Nonperforming— 2 9 13 8 103 — — 135 
Total residential mortgage loans(b)
$1,963 1,003 2,975 4,629 2,503 4,362 — — 17,435 
Home equity:
Performing:
Current$168 67 34 2 4 86 3,660 72 4,093 
30-89 days past due— — — — — 1 23 1 25 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming— — 1 — — 7 56 6 70 
Total home equity$168 67 35 2 4 94 3,739 79 4,188 
Indirect secured consumer loans:
Performing:
Current$6,773 2,836 3,046 2,371 753 349 — — 16,128 
30-89 days past due19 27 39 27 11 7 — — 130 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming4 10 19 13 5 4 — — 55 
Total indirect secured consumer loans$6,796 2,873 3,104 2,411 769 360 — — 16,313 
Credit card:
Performing:
Current$— — — — — — 1,664 — 1,664 
30-89 days past due— — — — — — 18 — 18 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — 20 — 20 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 32 — 32 
Total credit card$— — — — — — 1,734 — 1,734 
Solar energy installation loans:

Performing:
Current$894 2,095 1,094 2 — 33 — — 4,118 
30-89 days past due2 11 7 — — — — — 20 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming1 34 28 — — 1 — — 64 
Total solar energy installation loans$897 2,140 1,129 2 — 34 — — 4,202 
Other consumer loans:
Performing:
Current$201 351 507 219 171 142 860 34 2,485 
30-89 days past due1 5 10 3 1 2 1 1 24 
90 days or more past due— — — — — — — — — 
Nonperforming— 2 4 1 — 1 — 1 9 
Total other consumer loans$202 358 521 223 172 145 861 36 2,518 
Total residential mortgage and consumer loans:
Performing:
Current$9,997 6,347 7,642 7,200 3,419 4,855 6,184 106 45,750 
30-89 days past due23 46 60 39 16 22 42 2 250 
90 days or more past due1 — 1 1 — 2 20 — 25 
Nonperforming5 48 61 27 13 116 88 7 365 
Total residential mortgage and consumer loans(b)
$10,026 6,441 7,764 7,267 3,448 4,995 6,334 115 46,390 
(a)Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. As of December 31, 2024, $90 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $162 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount and $1 of losses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans.
(b)Excludes $108 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at December 31, 2024, including $1 of 30-89 days past due loans, $1 of 90 days or more past
due loans and $2 of nonperforming loans.
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s gross charge-offs within the residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class and vintage:
For the six months ended June 30, 2025
($ in millions)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans
20252024202320222021PriorTotal
Residential mortgage loans$— — — — — 1 — — 1 
Consumer loans:
Home equity— — — — — — 3 — 3 
Indirect secured consumer loans— 13 20 22 8 6 — — 69 
Credit card— — — — — — 42 — 42 
Solar energy installation loans— 6 25 13 — — — — 44 
Other consumer loans— 2 8 13 4 7 16 1 51 
Total residential mortgage and consumer loans$— 21 53 48 12 14 61 1 210 

For the six months ended June 30, 2024
($ in millions)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term Loans
20242023202220212020PriorTotal
Residential mortgage loans$— — — — — 1 — — 1 
Consumer loans:
Home equity— — — — — — 3 — 3 
Indirect secured consumer loans— 16 26 13 5 6 — — 66 
Credit card— — — — — — 46 — 46 
Solar energy installation loans— 8 6 — 5 9 — — 28 
Other consumer loans— 5 13 6 10 9 16 2 61 
Total residential mortgage and consumer loans$— 29 45 19 20 25 65 2 205 

Collateral-Dependent Loans and Leases
The Bancorp considers a loan or lease to be collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. When a loan or lease is collateral-dependent, its fair value is generally based on the fair value less cost to sell of the underlying collateral.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s collateral-dependent loans and leases, by portfolio class, as of:
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$416 325 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans28 63 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans7 4 
Commercial construction loans— 1 
Commercial leases— 2 
Total commercial loans and leases$451 395 
Residential mortgage loans141 131 
Consumer loans:
Home equity74 66 
Indirect secured consumer loans34 30 
Total consumer loans$108 96 
Total portfolio loans and leases$700 622 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectability of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain and certain other assets, including OREO and other repossessed property.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s nonaccrual loans and leases, by class, and OREO and other repossessed property as of:
June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
 ($ in millions)With an ALLLNo Related
ALLL		TotalWith an ALLLNo Related
ALLL		Total
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial and industrial loans$425 35 460 265 109 374 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans28 12 40 52 23 75 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans4 4 8 — 4 4 
Commercial construction loans— — — — 1 1 
Commercial leases— — — 2 — 2 
Total nonaccrual portfolio commercial loans and leases$457 51 508 319 137 456 
Residential mortgage loans63 80 143 57 80 137 
Consumer loans:
Home equity24 51 75 21 49 70 
Indirect secured consumer loans57 8 65 48 7 55 
Credit card29 — 29 32 — 32 
Solar energy installation loans26 — 26 64 — 64 
Other consumer loans7 — 7 9 — 9 
Total nonaccrual portfolio consumer loans$143 59 202 174 56 230 
Total nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases(a)(b)
$663 190 853 550 273 823 
OREO and other repossessed property— 33 33 — 30 30 
Total nonperforming portfolio assets(a)(b)
$663 223 886 550 303 853 
(a)Excludes $27 and $7 of nonaccrual loans held for sale as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(b)Includes $16 and $18 of nonaccrual government-insured commercial loans whose repayments are insured by the SBA as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of interest income on nonaccrual loans and leases for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

The Bancorp’s amortized cost basis of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction was $102 million and $94 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
In the course of servicing its loans, the Bancorp works with borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty to identify solutions that are mutually beneficial to both parties with the objective of mitigating the risk of losses on the loan. These efforts often result in modifications to the payment terms of the loan. The types of modifications offered to borrowers vary by type of loan and may include term extensions, interest rate reductions, payment delays (other than those that are insignificant) or combinations thereof. The Bancorp typically does not provide principal forgiveness except in circumstances where the loan has already been fully or partially charged off.

The Bancorp applies its expected credit loss models consistently to both modified and non-modified loans when estimating the ALLL. For loans which are modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, there is generally not a significant change to the ALLL upon modification because the Bancorp’s ALLL estimation methodologies already consider those borrowers’ financial difficulties and the resulting effects of potential modifications when estimating expected credit losses.

Portfolio loans with an amortized cost basis of $377 million and $183 million as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, were modified during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $526 million and $300 million were modified during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, as further discussed in the following sections. These modifications for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 represented 0.31% and 0.16%, respectively, of total portfolio loans and leases as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively and 0.43% and 0.26% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These amounts excluded $19 million and $21 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $31 million and $30 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, of consumer and residential mortgage loans which have been granted a concession under provisions of the Federal Bankruptcy Act and are monitored separately from loans modified under the Bancorp’s
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
loan modification programs. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp had commitments of $89 million and $88 million, respectively, to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose terms have been modified during the twelve months ended June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Commercial portfolio segment
Commercial loan modifications are individually negotiated and may vary depending on the borrower’s financial situation, but the Bancorp most commonly utilizes term extensions for periods of three to twelve months. The Bancorp may also consider offering commercial borrowers interest rate reductions or payment delays, which may be combined with a term extension.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio loans that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by portfolio class and type of modification:
For the three months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionTerm Extension and Payment DelayPayment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Commercial and industrial loans$80 — 163 243 0.46 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans48 — 1 49 0.83 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans— — — — — 
Commercial construction loans41 — — 41 0.74 
Total commercial portfolio loans$169 — 164 333 0.47 

For the three months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionTerm Extension and Payment DelayPayment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Commercial and industrial loans$95 18 3 116 0.22 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans23 — 1 24 0.44 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans— — — — — 
Commercial construction loans4 — — 4 0.07 
Total commercial portfolio loans$122 18 4 144 0.20 

For the six months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionTerm Extension and Payment DelayPayment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Commercial and industrial loans$116 4 163 283 0.53 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans53 23 1 77 1.31 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans2 — — 2 0.03 
Commercial construction loans50 — 43 93 1.68 
Total commercial portfolio loans$221 27 207 455 0.64 

For the six months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionTerm Extension and Payment DelayPayment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Commercial and industrial loans$149 18 16 183 0.35 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans33 — 1 34 0.63 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans5 — — 5 0.08 
Commercial construction loans4 — — 4 0.07 
Total commercial portfolio loans$191 18 17 226 0.31 

Residential mortgage portfolio segment
The Bancorp has established residential mortgage loan modification programs which define the type of modifications available as well as the eligibility criteria for borrowers. The designs of the Bancorp’s modification programs for residential mortgage loans are similar to those utilized by the various GSEs. The Bancorp may offer a term extension for up to 480 months from the modification date, combined with a change in interest rate to a fixed rate (which may be an increase or decrease from the rate in the original loan). As part of these modifications, the Bancorp may capitalize delinquent amounts due at the time of the modification into the principal balance of the loan when determining its modified payment structure. For loans where the modification results in a new monthly payment amount, borrowers may be required to complete a trial period of three to four months before the loan is permanently modified. The Bancorp also offers payment delay modifications to qualified borrowers which allow either the delay of repayment for delinquent amounts due until maturity or capitalization of delinquent amounts due into the principal balance of the loan. The number of monthly payments delayed varies by borrower but is most commonly within a range of six to twelve months.
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

The following tables present the amortized cost basis as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage portfolio loans that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by type of modification:
June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
For the three months ended ($ in millions)Total% of Total ClassTotal% of Total Class
Payment delay$— — $3 0.02 
Term extension and payment delay22 0.12 24 0.14 
Term extension, interest rate reduction and payment delay12 0.07 2 0.01 
Total residential mortgage portfolio loans$34 0.19 $29 0.17 
June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
For the six months ended ($ in millions)
Total% of Total ClassTotal% of Total Class
Payment delay$— — $5 0.03 
Term extension and payment delay38 0.21 45 0.26 
Term extension, interest rate reduction and payment delay13 0.07 3 0.02 
Total residential mortgage portfolio loans$51 0.29 $53 0.31 

The Bancorp had $3 million of in-process modifications to residential mortgage loans outstanding as of both June 30, 2025 and 2024 which are excluded from the completed modification activity in the table above. These in-process modifications will be reported as completed modifications once the borrower satisfies the applicable contingencies in the modification agreement and the loan is contractually modified to make the modified terms permanent.

Consumer portfolio segment
The Bancorp’s modification programs for consumer loans vary based on type of loan. The most common modification program for home equity is a term extension for up to 360 months combined with a delay in repayment of delinquent amounts due until maturity, which is typically combined with an interest rate reduction. Modification programs for credit card typically involve an interest rate reduction and an increase to the minimum monthly payment in order to repay a larger portion of outstanding balances. Modifications for indirect secured consumer loans, solar energy installation loans and other consumer loans are less commonly utilized as part of the Bancorp’s loss mitigation activities and programs vary by specific product type.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables present the amortized cost basis as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 of the Bancorp’s consumer portfolio loans that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by portfolio class and type of modification:
For the three months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Interest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Home equity$— — — 3 3 0.07 
Credit card5 — — — 5 0.29 
Solar energy installation loans— 1 — — 1 0.02 
Other consumer loans— 1 — — 1 0.04 
Total consumer portfolio loans$5 2 — 3 10 0.03 

For the three months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Interest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Home equity$1 — — 2 3 0.08 
Credit card6 — — — 6 0.35 
Solar energy installation loans— — — — — — 
Other consumer loans— 1 — — 1 0.04 
Total consumer portfolio loans$7 1 — 2 10 0.04 

For the six months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Interest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Home equity$1 — 1 5 7 0.16 
Credit card10 — — — 10 0.59 
Solar energy installation loans— 1 — — 1 0.02 
Other consumer loans— 2 — — 2 0.08 
Total consumer portfolio loans$11 3 1 5 20 0.07 

For the six months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Interest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal% of Total Class
Home equity$1 — 1 5 7 0.18 
Credit card12 — — — 12 0.69 
Solar energy installation loans— — — — — — 
Other consumer loans— 2 — — 2 0.08 
Total consumer portfolio loans$13 2 1 5 21 0.08 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Financial effects of loan modifications
The following tables present the financial effects of the Bancorp’s significant types of portfolio loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by portfolio class:
For the three months ended
June 30,
Financial Effects20252024
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loansWeighted-average length of term extensions20 months10 months
Weighted-average length of payment delay9 months6 months
Commercial mortgage owner-
occupied loans
Weighted-average length of term extensions6 months12 months
Weighted-average length of payment delay6 months6 months
Commercial construction loansWeighted-average length of term extensions12 months6 months
Residential mortgage loansWeighted-average length of term extensions8.6 years9.1 years
Weighted-average interest rate reduction
From 6.5% to 5.0%
From 7.9% to 7.2%
Approximate amount of payment delays as a percentage of the related loan balances9%11%
Consumer loans:
Home equityWeighted-average length of term extensions21.6 years24.0 years
Weighted-average interest rate reduction
From 8.6% to 7.0%
From 8.8% to 7.1%
Approximate amount of payment delays as a percentage of the related loan balances4%5%
Credit cardWeighted-average interest rate reduction
From 23.2% to 4.1%
From 23.7% to 3.7%
For the six months ended
June 30,
Financial Effects20252024
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loansWeighted-average length of term extensions16 months9 months
Weighted-average length of payment delay9 months5 months
Commercial mortgage owner-
occupied loans
Weighted-average length of term extensions7 months9 months
Weighted-average length of payment delay10 months6 months
Commercial mortgage nonowner-
occupied loans
Weighted-average length of term extensions6 months6 months
Commercial construction loansWeighted-average length of term extensions12 months6 months
Weighted-average length of payment delay7 monthsN/A
Residential mortgage loansWeighted-average length of term extensions9.2 years10.2 years
Weighted-average interest rate reduction
From 6.6% to 5.3%
From 7.8% to 7.2%
Approximate amount of payment delays as a percentage of the related loan balances10%12%
Consumer loans:
Home equityWeighted-average length of term extensions19.1 years24.9 years
Weighted-average interest rate reduction
From 8.5% to 6.9%
From 8.9% to 7.2%
Approximate amount of payment delays as a percentage of the related loan balances6%5%
Credit cardWeighted-average interest rate reduction
From 23.1% to 4.2%
From 23.9% to 3.9%

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Credit quality of modified loans
The Bancorp closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 for the Bancorp’s portfolio loans that were modified during the twelve months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by age and portfolio class:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Past Due
Current30-89 Days90 Days or MoreTotal
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loans$321 3 62 386 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans100 — 23 123 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans51 — — 51 
Commercial construction loans118 — — 118 
Residential mortgage loans63 15 9 87 
Consumer loans:
Home equity13 1 1 15 
Credit card(a)
14 3 2 19 
Solar energy installation loans2 — — 2 
Other consumer loans3 — — 3 
Total portfolio loans$685 22 97 804 
(a)Credit card loans continue to be reported as delinquent after modification as they are not returned to current status until the borrower demonstrates a willingness and ability to repay the loan according to its modified terms.
June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Past Due
Current30-89 Days90 Days or MoreTotal
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loans$199 3 8 210 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans34 — — 34 
Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans50 — — 50 
Commercial construction loans23 — — 23 
Residential mortgage loans74 15 11 100 
Consumer loans:
Home equity13 1 1 15 
Credit card(a)
17 3 3 23 
Solar energy installation loans1 — — 1 
Other consumer loans4 — — 4 
Total portfolio loans$415 22 23 460 
(a)Credit card loans continue to be reported as delinquent after modification as they are not returned to current status until the borrower demonstrates a willingness and ability to repay the loan according to its modified terms.

The Bancorp considers modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that subsequently become 90 days or more past due under the modified terms as subsequently defaulted. The following tables present the amortized cost basis as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 of the modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and were within twelve months of the modification date:
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Interest Rate ReductionTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loans$1 — 43 — — — 44 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans— — — — — — — 
Residential mortgage loans— — — — 6 1 7 
Consumer loans:
Home equity— — — — — 1 1 
Credit card— 1 — — — — 1 
Total portfolio loans$1 1 43 — 6 2 53 

June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Interest Rate ReductionTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loans$— — 13 — 6 — 19 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans— — — — — — — 
Residential mortgage loans— — — — 7 — 7 
Consumer loans:
Home equity— 1 — — — — 1 
Credit card— 4 — — — — 4 
Total portfolio loans$— 5 13 — 13 — 31 

The following tables present the amortized cost basis as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 of the modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that subsequently defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and were within twelve months of the modification date:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Interest Rate ReductionTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loans$1 — 52 — 3 — 56 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans— — — — 23 — 23 
Residential mortgage loans— — — — 13 3 16 
Consumer loans:
Home equity— — — — — 1 1 
Credit card— 4 — — — — 4 
Total portfolio loans$1 4 52 — 39 4 100 

June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Term ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPayment DelayTerm Extension and Interest Rate ReductionTerm Extension and Payment DelayTerm Extension, Interest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayTotal
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial loans$8 — 13 1 6 — 28 
Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans— — — — — — — 
Residential mortgage loans— — 1 — 16 — 17 
Consumer loans:
Home equity— 1 — — — — 1 
Credit card— 6 — — — — 6 
Total portfolio loans$8 7 14 1 22 — 52 
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
7. Variable Interest Entities
The Bancorp, in the normal course of business, engages in a variety of activities that involve VIEs, which are legal entities that lack sufficient equity at risk to finance their activities without additional subordinated financial support or the equity investors of the entities as a group lack any of the characteristics of a controlling interest. The Bancorp evaluates its interest in certain entities to determine if these entities meet the definition of a VIE and whether the Bancorp is the primary beneficiary and should consolidate the entity based on the variable interests it held both at inception and when there is a change in circumstances that requires a reconsideration. If the Bancorp is determined to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE, it must account for the VIE as a consolidated subsidiary. If the Bancorp is determined not to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE but holds a variable interest in the entity, such variable interests are accounted for under the equity method of accounting or other accounting standards as appropriate.

Consolidated VIEs
The Bancorp has consolidated VIEs related to an automobile loan securitization and a solar loan securitization where it has determined that it is the primary beneficiary. The following table provides a summary of assets and liabilities recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for these consolidated VIEs as of:
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Assets:
Other short-term investments$43 51 
Indirect secured consumer loans727 967 
Solar energy installation loans30 33 
ALLL(14)(19)
Other assets6 5 
Total assets$792 1,037 
Liabilities:
Other liabilities$11 12 
Long-term debt664 889 
Total liabilities$675 901 

The Bancorp previously completed a securitization transaction in which the Bancorp transferred certain consumer automobile loans to a bankruptcy remote trust which was deemed to be a VIE. Additionally, as a result of a previous business acquisition, the Bancorp acquired interests in a completed securitization transaction in which solar energy installation loans were transferred to a bankruptcy remote trust which was deemed to be a VIE.

In each of these securitization transactions, the primary purposes of the VIEs were to issue asset-backed securities with varying levels of credit subordination and payment priority, as well as residual interests, and to provide access to liquidity for originated loans. The Bancorp retained residual interests in the VIEs and, therefore, has an obligation to absorb losses and a right to receive benefits from the VIEs that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. In addition, the Bancorp retained servicing rights for the underlying loans and, therefore, holds the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIEs. As a result, the Bancorp concluded that it is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs and has consolidated these VIEs. The assets of the VIEs are restricted to the settlement of the asset-backed securities and other obligations of the VIEs. The third-party holders of the asset-backed notes do not have recourse to the general assets of the Bancorp.

The economic performance of the VIEs is most significantly impacted by the performance of the underlying loans. The principal risks to which the VIEs are exposed include credit risk and prepayment risk. The credit and prepayment risks are managed through credit enhancements in the form of reserve accounts, over-collateralization, excess interest on the loans and the subordination of certain classes of asset-backed securities to other classes.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Non-consolidated VIEs
The following tables provide a summary of assets and liabilities carried on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to non-consolidated VIEs for which the Bancorp holds an interest, but is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE, as well as the Bancorp’s maximum exposure to losses associated with its interests in the entities as of:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Total
Assets		Total
Liabilities		Maximum
Exposure
CDC investments$2,282 757 2,335 
Private equity investments298 — 536 
Loans provided to VIEs4,666 — 8,126 
Lease pool entities25 — 25 
Solar loan securitizations7 — 7 
December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Total
Assets		Total
Liabilities		Maximum
Exposure
CDC investments$2,179 741 2,224 
Private equity investments268 — 487 
Loans provided to VIEs4,711 — 7,529 
Lease pool entities30 — 30 
Solar loan securitizations8 — 8 

CDC investments
CDC invests in projects to create affordable housing and revitalize business and residential areas. CDC generally co-invests with other unrelated companies and/or individuals and typically makes investments in a separate legal entity that owns the property under development. The entities are usually formed as limited partnerships and LLCs and CDC typically invests as a limited partner/investor member in the form of equity contributions. The economic performance of the VIEs is driven by the performance of their underlying investment projects as well as the VIEs’ ability to operate in compliance with the rules and regulations necessary for the qualification of tax credits generated by equity investments. The Bancorp has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs because it lacks the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the underlying project or the VIEs’ ability to operate in compliance with the rules and regulations necessary for the qualification of tax credits generated by equity investments. This power is held by the managing members who exercise full and exclusive control of the operations of the VIEs. For information regarding the Bancorp’s accounting for these investments, refer to Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Bancorp’s funding requirements are limited to its invested capital and any additional unfunded commitments for future equity contributions. The Bancorp’s maximum exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with the VIEs is limited to the carrying amounts of the investments, including the unfunded commitments. The carrying amounts of these investments, which are included in other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the liabilities related to the unfunded commitments, which are included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, are included in the previous tables for all periods presented. Certain CDC investments include undrawn liquidity and lending commitments which are included in the maximum exposure amount but not included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Bancorp has no other liquidity arrangements or obligations to purchase assets of the VIEs that would expose the Bancorp to a loss. In certain arrangements, the general partner/managing member of the VIE has guaranteed a level of projected tax credits to be received by the limited partners/investor members, thereby minimizing a portion of the Bancorp’s risk.

The Bancorp utilizes the proportional amortization method to account for its qualifying investments in projects that are related to certain income tax credit programs. These tax credit programs include the LIHTC program established under Section 42 of the IRC, the New Markets Tax Credit program established under Section 45D of the IRC and the Rehabilitation Investment Tax Credit program established under Section 47 of the IRC.

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp’s CDC investments included $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively, of tax credit program investments accounted for under the proportional amortization method. The unfunded commitments related to these investments were $757 million and $741 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The unfunded commitments as of June 30, 2025 are expected to be funded from 2025 to 2042.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following table summarizes the impacts to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income related to the Bancorp’s tax credit program investments:
Condensed Consolidated
Statements of Income Caption(a)
For the three months ended June 30,
For the six months ended June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Proportional amortizationApplicable income tax expense$59 52 106 100 
Tax credits and other benefits(b)
Applicable income tax expense(72)(65)(128)(122)
Changes in carrying amounts of equity method investments(c)
Other noninterest expense 2 2 4 4 
(a)The Bancorp did not recognize impairment losses resulting from the forfeiture or ineligibility of tax credits or other circumstances during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
(b)The related cash flows are classified as operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows primarily in net change in other assets.
(c)These amounts pertain to tax credit program investments which were accounted for under the equity method as they did not meet the qualification criteria for the proportional amortization method.

Private equity investments
The Bancorp invests as a limited partner in private equity investment funds which provide the Bancorp an opportunity to obtain higher rates of return on invested capital, while also providing strategic opportunities in certain cases. Each of the limited partnerships has an unrelated third-party general partner responsible for appointing the fund manager. The Bancorp has not been appointed fund manager for any of these private equity investments. The funds finance primarily all of their activities from the partners’ capital contributions and investment returns. The Bancorp has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the funds because it does not have the obligation to absorb the funds’ expected losses or the right to receive the funds’ expected residual returns that could potentially be significant to the funds and lacks the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the funds. The Bancorp, as a limited partner, does not have substantive participating or substantive kick-out rights over the general partner. Therefore, the Bancorp accounts for its investments in these limited partnerships under the equity method of accounting.

The Bancorp is exposed to losses arising from the negative performance of the underlying investments in the private equity investment funds. As a limited partner, the Bancorp’s maximum exposure to loss is limited to the carrying amounts of the investments plus unfunded commitments. The carrying amounts of these investments, which are included in other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, are presented in previous tables. Also, at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp’s unfunded commitment amounts to the private equity funds were $238 million and $219 million, respectively. As part of previous commitments, the Bancorp made capital contributions to private equity investments of $14 million and $11 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $31 million and $25 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Loans provided to VIEs
The Bancorp has provided funding to certain unconsolidated VIEs sponsored by third parties. These VIEs are generally established to finance certain consumer and business loans originated by third parties. The entities are primarily funded through the issuance of a loan from the Bancorp or a syndication through which the Bancorp is involved. The sponsor/administrator of the entities is responsible for servicing the underlying assets in the VIEs. Because the sponsor/administrator, not the Bancorp, holds the servicing responsibilities, which include the establishment and employment of default mitigation policies and procedures, the Bancorp does not hold the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entity and, therefore, is not the primary beneficiary.

The principal risk to which these entities are exposed is credit risk related to the underlying assets. The Bancorp’s maximum exposure to loss is equal to the carrying amounts of the loans and unfunded commitments to the VIEs. The Bancorp’s outstanding loans to these VIEs are included in commercial loans in Note 5. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp’s unfunded commitments to these entities were $3.5 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively. The loans and unfunded commitments to these VIEs are included in the Bancorp’s overall analysis of the ALLL and reserve for unfunded commitments, respectively. The Bancorp does not provide any implicit or explicit liquidity guarantees or principal value guarantees to these VIEs.

Lease pool entities
The Bancorp is a co-investor with other unrelated leasing companies in three LLCs designed for the purpose of purchasing pools of residual interests in leases which have been originated or purchased by the other investing member. For each LLC, the leasing company is the managing member and has full authority over the day-to-day operations of the entity. While the Bancorp holds more than 50% of the equity interests in each LLC, the operating agreements require both members to consent to significant corporate actions, such as liquidating the entity or removing the manager. In addition, the Bancorp has a preference with regard to distributions such that all of the Bancorp’s equity contribution for each pool must be distributed, plus a pre-defined rate of return, before the other member may receive distributions. The leasing company is also entitled to the return of its investment plus a pre-defined rate of return before any residual profits are distributed to the members.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The lease pool entities are primarily subject to risk of losses on the lease residuals purchased. The Bancorp’s maximum exposure to loss is equal to the carrying amount of the investments. The Bancorp has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs because it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities. This power is held by the leasing company who, as managing member, controls the servicing of the leases and collection of the proceeds on the residual interests.

Solar loan securitizations
As a result of a previous business acquisition, the Bancorp acquired interests in completed securitization transactions in which solar energy installation loans were transferred to bankruptcy remote trusts which were deemed to be VIEs. In each of these securitization transactions, the primary purposes of the VIEs were to issue asset-backed securities with varying levels of credit subordination and payment priority, as well as residual interests, and to provide access to liquidity for originated loans. The Bancorp retained certain risk retention interests in the classes of securities issued by the VIEs and retained servicing rights for the underlying loans. The Bancorp’s maximum exposure to loss is equal to the carrying amount of the investments. The Bancorp has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIEs because it does not have the obligation to absorb the VIEs expected losses or the right to receive the VIEs expected residual returns that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. The risk retention interests held by the Bancorp were included in available-for-sale debt and other securities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
8. Sales of Receivables and Servicing Rights

Residential Mortgage Loan Sales
The Bancorp sold residential mortgage loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. In those sales, the Bancorp obtained servicing responsibilities and provided certain standard representations and warranties; however, the investors have no recourse to the Bancorp’s other assets for failure of debtors to pay when due. The Bancorp receives servicing fees based on a percentage of the outstanding balance. The Bancorp identifies classes of servicing assets based on financial asset type and interest rates.

Information related to residential mortgage loan sales and the Bancorp’s mortgage banking activity, which is included in mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, is as follows:
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Residential mortgage loan sales(a)
$1,171 761 $2,174 1,474 
Origination fees and gains on loan sales19 18 34 33 
Gross mortgage servicing fees73 78 147 155 
(a)Represents the unpaid principal balance at the time of the sale.

Servicing Rights
The Bancorp measures all of its mortgage servicing rights at fair value with changes in fair value reported in mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table presents changes in the servicing rights related to residential mortgage loans for the six months ended June 30:
($ in millions)20252024
Balance, beginning of period$1,704 1,737 
Servicing rights originated25 21 
Servicing rights sold— (5)
Changes in fair value:
Due to changes in inputs or assumptions(a)
(25)51 
Other changes in fair value(b)
(75)(73)
Balance, end of period$1,629 1,731 
(a)Primarily reflects changes in prepayment speed and OAS assumptions which are updated based on market interest rates.
(b)Primarily reflects changes due to realized cash flows and the passage of time.

The Bancorp maintains a non-qualifying hedging strategy to manage a portion of the risk associated with changes in the value of the MSR portfolio which may include the use of investment securities or derivative instruments. Refer to Note 9 for additional information on derivative instruments used for this purpose.

The key economic assumptions used in measuring the servicing rights related to residential mortgage loans that continued to be held by the Bancorp at the date of sale, securitization or purchase resulting from transactions completed during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
June 30, 2025June 30, 2024
Weighted-
Average Life
(in years)		Prepayment
Speed
(annual)		OAS
(bps)		Weighted-
Average Life
(in years)		Prepayment
Speed
(annual)		OAS
(bps)
Fixed-rate6.012.1 %4967.99.4  %472

At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp serviced $91.2 billion and $94.2 billion, respectively, of residential mortgage loans for other investors. The value of MSRs that continue to be held by the Bancorp is subject to credit, prepayment and interest rate risks on the sold financial assets. The weighted-average coupon of the MSR portfolio was 3.82% and 3.79% at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
At June 30, 2025, the sensitivity of the current fair value of residual cash flows to immediate 10%, 20% and 50% adverse changes in prepayment speed assumptions and immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in OAS for servicing rights related to residential mortgage loans are as follows:
($ in millions)(a)
Prepayment
Speed Assumption		OAS
Assumption
Fair ValueWeighted-
Average Life
(in years)		Impact of Adverse Change
on Fair Value		OAS
(bps)		Impact of Adverse Change on Fair Value
Rate10%20%50%10%20%
Fixed-rate$1,626 8.16.5 %$(39)(75)(175)433$(33)(65)
Adjustable-rate3 4.817.2 — (1)(1)723— — 
(a)The impact of the weighted-average default rate on the current fair value of residual cash flows for all scenarios is immaterial.

These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the figures indicate, changes in fair value based on these variations in the assumptions typically cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. The Bancorp believes that variations of these levels are reasonably possible; however, there is the potential that adverse changes in key assumptions could be even greater. Also, in the previous table, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the interests that continue to be held by the Bancorp is calculated without changing any other assumption; in reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another (for example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower prepayments), which might magnify or counteract these sensitivities.

9. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Bancorp maintains an overall risk management strategy that incorporates the use of derivative instruments to reduce certain risks related to interest rate, prepayment and foreign currency volatility. The Bancorp’s interest rate risk management strategy involves modifying the repricing characteristics of certain financial instruments so that changes in interest rates do not adversely affect the Bancorp’s net interest margin and cash flows. Additionally, the Bancorp holds derivative instruments for the benefit of its commercial customers and for other business purposes. The Bancorp does not enter into unhedged speculative derivative positions. Refer to Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information about the Bancorp’s use of derivative instruments, including those designated as hedges.

The Bancorp’s derivative contracts include certain contractual features in which either the Bancorp or the counterparties may be required to provide collateral, typically in the form of cash or securities, as initial margin and to offset changes in the fair value of the derivatives, including changes in the fair value due to credit risk, either of the Bancorp or the counterparty. In measuring the fair value of its derivative contracts, the Bancorp considers its own credit risk, taking into consideration collateral maintenance requirements of certain derivative counterparties and the duration of instruments with counterparties that do not require collateral maintenance.

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the balance of collateral held by the Bancorp for derivative assets was $421 million and $947 million, respectively. For derivative contracts cleared through certain central clearing parties whose rules treat variation margin payments as settlements of the derivative contract, the payments for variation margin of $324 million and $403 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, were applied to reduce the respective derivative contracts and were also not included in the total amount of collateral held. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the credit component negatively impacting the fair value of derivative assets associated with customer accommodation contracts was $7 million and $4 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the balance of collateral posted by the Bancorp, as either initial margin or due to changes in fair value of the related derivative contracts, was $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively. Additionally, as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $549 million and $1.2 billion of variation margin payments, respectively, were applied to the respective derivative contracts to reduce the Bancorp’s derivative liabilities and were also not included in the total amount of collateral posted. Certain of the Bancorp’s derivative liabilities contain credit risk-related contingent features that could result in the requirement to post additional collateral upon the occurrence of specified events. As of both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of the additional collateral that could be required to be posted as a result of the credit risk-related contingent features being triggered was immaterial to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The posting of collateral has been determined to remove the need for further consideration of credit risk. As a result, the Bancorp determined that the impact of the Bancorp’s credit risk to the valuation of its derivative liabilities was immaterial to the Bancorp’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Bancorp holds certain derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting treatment and are designated as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. Derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, or for which hedge accounting is not established, are held as free-standing derivatives. All customer accommodation derivatives are held as free-standing derivatives.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables reflect the notional amounts and fair values for all derivative instruments included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of:
Fair Value
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Notional
Amount		Derivative
Assets		Derivative
Liabilities
Derivatives Designated as Qualifying Hedging Instruments:
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps related to long-term debt$4,955 1 7 
Total fair value hedges1 7 
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps related to C&I loans11,000 — 2 
Interest rate swaps related to commercial mortgage and commercial construction loans4,000 — 28 
Total cash flow hedges— 30 
Total derivatives designated as qualifying hedging instruments1 37 
Derivatives Not Designated as Qualifying Hedging Instruments:
Free-standing derivatives – risk management and other business purposes:
Interest rate contracts related to MSR portfolio3,720 10 — 
Forward contracts related to residential mortgage loans measured at fair value(a)
1,050 1 8 
Swap associated with the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares2,753 — 145 
Foreign exchange contracts125 — 1 
Interest-only strips26 — — 
Interest rate contracts for LIBOR transition597 — — 
Other48 — 1 
Total free-standing derivatives – risk management and other business purposes
11 155 
Free-standing derivatives – customer accommodation:
Interest rate contracts(b)
83,622 510 634 
Interest rate lock commitments374 7 — 
Commodity contracts17,494 739 741 
TBA securities39 — — 
Foreign exchange contracts31,550 729 699 
Total free-standing derivatives – customer accommodation
1,985 2,074 
Total derivatives not designated as qualifying hedging instruments1,996 2,229 
Total$1,997 2,266 
(a)Includes forward sale and forward purchase contracts which are utilized to manage market risk on residential mortgage loans held for sale and the related interest rate lock commitments in addition to certain portfolio residential mortgage loans measured at fair value.
(b)Derivative assets and liabilities are presented net of variation margin of $155 and $36, respectively.




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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Fair Value
December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Notional
Amount		Derivative
Assets		Derivative
Liabilities
Derivatives Designated as Qualifying Hedging Instruments:
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps related to long-term debt$4,955 1 12 
Total fair value hedges1 12 
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps related to C&I loans11,000 2 4 
Interest rate swaps related to C&I loans - forward starting(a)
1,000 1 — 
Interest rate swaps related to commercial mortgage and commercial construction loans - forward starting(a)
4,000 3 — 
Total cash flow hedges6 4 
Total derivatives designated as qualifying hedging instruments7 16 
Derivatives Not Designated as Qualifying Hedging Instruments:
Free-standing derivatives – risk management and other business purposes:
Interest rate contracts related to MSR portfolio3,135 4 4 
Forward contracts related to residential mortgage loans measured at fair value(b)
881 8 — 
Swap associated with the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares2,465 — 170 
Foreign exchange contracts104 2 — 
Interest-only strips30 — — 
Interest rate contracts for collateral management1,000 1 — 
Interest rate contracts for LIBOR transition597 — — 
Other43 — — 
Total free-standing derivatives – risk management and other business purposes
15 174 
Free-standing derivatives – customer accommodation:
Interest rate contracts(c)
87,928 708 924 
Interest rate lock commitments264 2 — 
Commodity contracts16,889 575 564 
TBA securities44 — — 
Foreign exchange contracts38,640 1,165 1,120 
Total free-standing derivatives – customer accommodation
2,450 2,608 
Total derivatives not designated as qualifying hedging instruments2,465 2,782 
Total$2,472 2,798 
(a)Forward starting swaps became effective in January and February 2025.
(b)Includes forward sale and forward purchase contracts which are utilized to manage market risk on residential mortgage loans held for sale and the related interest rate lock commitments in addition to certain portfolio residential mortgage loans measured at fair value.
(c)Derivative assets and liabilities are presented net of variation margin of $257 and $45, respectively.

Fair Value Hedges
The Bancorp may enter into interest rate swaps to convert its fixed-rate funding to floating-rate or to hedge the exposure to changes in fair value of a recognized asset attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate.

The following table reflects the changes in fair value of interest rate contracts, designated as fair value hedges and the changes in fair value of the related hedged items attributable to the risk being hedged, as well as the line items in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in which the corresponding gains or losses are recorded:
Condensed Consolidated
Statements of
Income Caption		For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Long-term debt:
Change in fair value of interest rate swaps hedging long-term debtInterest on long-term debt$37 (23)105 (114)
Change in fair value of hedged long-term debt attributable to the risk being hedgedInterest on long-term debt(37)23 (105)114 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following amounts were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges as of:
($ in millions)Condensed Consolidated
Balance Sheets Caption		June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Long-term debt:
Carrying amount of the hedged itemsLong-term debt$4,945 4,838 
Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount of the hedged itemsLong-term debt2 (103)
Available-for-sale debt and other securities:
Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments remaining for hedged items for which hedge accounting has been discontinuedAvailable-for-sale debt and other securities(8)(9)

Cash Flow Hedges
The Bancorp may enter into interest rate swaps to convert floating-rate assets and liabilities to fixed rates or to hedge certain forecasted transactions for the variability in cash flows attributable to the contractually specified interest rate. As of June 30, 2025, the maximum length of time over which the Bancorp is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows is 79 months.

Reclassified gains and losses on interest rate contracts related to commercial loans are recorded within interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, $271 million and $654 million of net deferred losses, net of tax, on cash flow hedges were recorded in AOCI in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of June 30, 2025, $108 million in net unrealized losses, net of tax, recorded in AOCI are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months. This amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge designations or the addition of other hedges subsequent to June 30, 2025.

During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, there were no gains or losses reclassified from AOCI into earnings associated with the discontinuance of cash flow hedges because it was probable that the original forecasted transaction would no longer occur by the end of the originally specified time period or within the additional period of time as defined by U.S. GAAP.

The following table presents the pre-tax net gains (losses) recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income relating to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) recognized in OCI$144 (145)399 (557)
Amount of pre-tax net losses reclassified from OCI into net income(50)(90)(105)(179)

Free-Standing Derivative Instruments – Risk Management and Other Business Purposes
The net (losses) gains recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income relating to free-standing derivative instruments used for risk management and other business purposes are summarized in the following table:
Condensed Consolidated
Statements of Income Caption		For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Interest rate contracts:
Interest rate contracts related to MSR portfolioMortgage banking net revenue13 (16)32 (62)
Forward contracts related to residential mortgage loans measured at fair valueMortgage banking net revenue(3)1 (12)6 
Foreign exchange contracts:
Foreign exchange contracts for risk management purposesOther noninterest income(6)2 (5)7 
Equity contracts:
Swap associated with sale of Visa, Inc. Class B SharesOther noninterest income(1)(23)(19)(40)

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Free-Standing Derivative Instruments – Customer Accommodation
The majority of the free-standing derivative instruments the Bancorp enters into are for the benefit of its commercial customers. The Bancorp may economically hedge significant exposures related to these derivative contracts entered into for the benefit of customers by entering into offsetting contracts with approved, reputable, independent counterparties with substantially matching terms.

The Bancorp enters into risk participation agreements, under which the Bancorp assumes credit exposure relating to certain underlying interest rate derivative contracts. The Bancorp typically only enters into these risk participation agreements in instances in which the Bancorp has participated in the loan that the underlying interest rate derivative contract was designed to hedge. The Bancorp will make payments under these agreements if a customer defaults on its obligation to perform under the terms of the underlying interest rate derivative contract. The total notional amount of the risk participation agreements was $3.0 billion and $3.2 billion at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and the fair value was a liability of $4 million and $5 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which is included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The net gains (losses) recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income relating to free-standing derivative instruments used for customer accommodation are summarized in the following table:
Condensed Consolidated
Statements of Income Caption		For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Interest rate contracts:
Interest rate contracts for customers (contract revenue)
Capital market fees$7 6 15 11 
Interest rate contracts for customers (credit portion of fair value adjustment)
Other noninterest expense(1)1 (4)3 
Interest rate lock commitmentsMortgage banking net revenue12 11 26 20 
Commodity contracts:
Commodity contracts for customers (contract revenue)
Capital market fees4 4 10 8 
Commodity contracts for customers (credit portion of fair value adjustment)
Other noninterest expense— — — 1 
Foreign exchange contracts:
Foreign exchange contracts for customers (contract revenue)
Capital market fees19 23 38 40 
Foreign exchange contracts for customers (contract revenue)
Other noninterest income(23)(12)(33)(8)

Offsetting Derivative Financial Instruments
The Bancorp’s derivative transactions are generally governed by ISDA Master Agreements and similar arrangements, which include provisions governing the setoff of assets and liabilities between the parties. When the Bancorp has more than one outstanding derivative transaction with a single counterparty, the setoff provisions contained within these agreements generally allow the non-defaulting party the right to reduce its liability to the defaulting party by amounts eligible for setoff, including the collateral received as well as eligible offsetting transactions with that counterparty, irrespective of the currency, place of payment or booking office. The Bancorp’s policy is to present its derivative assets and derivative liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets on a gross basis, even when provisions allowing for setoff are in place. However, for derivative contracts cleared through certain central clearing parties who have modified their rules to treat variation margin payments as settlements, the fair value of the respective derivative contracts is reported net of the variation margin payments.

Collateral amounts included in the tables below consist primarily of cash and highly rated government-backed securities and do not include variation margin payments for derivative contracts with legal rights of setoff for both periods shown.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following table provides a summary of offsetting derivative financial instruments:
Gross Amount
Recognized in the
Condensed Consolidated
Balance Sheets(a)
Gross Amounts Not Offset in the
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
Derivatives
Collateral(b)
Net Amount
As of June 30, 2025
Derivative assets$1,990 (1,129)(175)686 
Derivative liabilities2,266 (1,129)(190)947 
As of December 31, 2024
Derivative assets$2,470 (1,378)(573)519 
Derivative liabilities2,798 (1,378)(193)1,227 
(a)Amount does not include IRLCs because these instruments are not subject to master netting or similar arrangements.
(b)Amount of collateral received as an offset to asset positions or pledged as an offset to liability positions. Collateral values in excess of related derivative amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were excluded from this table.

10. Other Short-Term Borrowings
Borrowings with original maturities of one year or less are classified as short-term. The following table presents a summary of the Bancorp’s other short-term borrowings as of:
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
FHLB advances$3,000 4,100 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements325 273 
Derivative collateral — 19 
Other borrowed money68 58 
Total other short-term borrowings$3,393 4,450 

The Bancorp’s securities sold under repurchase agreements are accounted for as secured borrowings and are collateralized by securities included in available-for-sale debt and other securities and held-to-maturity securities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These securities are subject to changes in market value and, therefore, the Bancorp may increase or decrease the level of securities pledged as collateral based upon these movements in market value. As of both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, all securities sold under repurchase agreements were secured by agency mortgage-backed securities and the repurchase agreements had an overnight remaining contractual maturity.

At both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp’s other borrowed money primarily included obligations recognized by the Bancorp under ASC Topic 860 related to certain loans sold to GNMA and serviced by the Bancorp. Under ASC Topic 860, once the Bancorp has the unilateral right to repurchase the GNMA loans due to the borrower missing three consecutive payments, the Bancorp is considered to have regained effective control over the loan. As such, the Bancorp is required to recognize both the loan and the repurchase liability, regardless of the intent to repurchase the loans. 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
11. Long-Term Debt
On January 28, 2025, the Bank issued and sold, under its bank note program, $700 million of fixed-rate/floating-rate senior notes due on January 28, 2028. The senior notes will bear interest at a rate of 4.967% per annum to, but excluding, January 28, 2027. From, and including, January 28, 2027, to, but excluding, the maturity date, the senior notes will bear interest at a rate of compounded SOFR plus 0.81%. The senior notes are redeemable at the Bank’s option, in whole, but not in part, one year prior to their maturity date, or in whole or in part beginning 30 days prior to maturity, at par plus accrued and unpaid interest. Additionally, the senior notes are redeemable at the Bank’s option, in whole or in part, beginning 180 days after the issue date and prior to January 28, 2027, at the greater of: (a) the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, or (b) the sum of the present value of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest.

On January 28, 2025, the Bank issued and sold, under its bank note program, $300 million of floating-rate senior notes due on January 28, 2028. The senior notes will bear interest at a rate of compounded SOFR plus 0.81%. These senior notes are redeemable at the Bank’s option, in whole, but not in part, one year prior to their maturity date, or in whole or in part beginning 30 days prior to maturity, at par plus accrued and unpaid interest.

12. Capital Actions

Accelerated Share Repurchase Transaction
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Bancorp entered into and settled an accelerated share repurchase transaction. As part of the transaction, the Bancorp entered into a forward contract in which the final number of shares delivered at settlement was based on a discount to the average daily volume-weighted average price of the Bancorp’s common stock during the term of the repurchase agreement. The accelerated share repurchase was treated as two separate transactions: (i) the repurchase of treasury shares on the repurchase date and (ii) a forward contract indexed to the Bancorp’s common stock.

The following table presents a summary of the Bancorp’s accelerated share repurchase transaction that was entered into and settled during the six months ended June 30, 2025:
Repurchase DateAmount
($ in millions)		Shares Repurchased on Repurchase DateShares Received from Forward Contract SettlementTotal Shares RepurchasedFinal Settlement Date
January 23, 2025$225 4,353,517 888,865 5,242,382 March 5, 2025

The Bancorp increased the cost basis of shares repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2025 by $1 million as a result of the excise tax on share repurchases. For further information on a subsequent event related to capital actions, refer to Note 20.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
13. Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and Guarantees
The Bancorp, in the normal course of business, enters into financial instruments and various agreements to meet the financing needs of its customers. The Bancorp also enters into certain transactions and agreements to manage its interest rate and prepayment risks, provide funding, equipment and locations for its operations and invest in its communities. These instruments and agreements involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk, counterparty risk and market risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The creditworthiness of counterparties for all instruments and agreements is evaluated on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the Bancorp’s credit policies. The Bancorp’s significant commitments, contingent liabilities and guarantees in excess of the amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are discussed in the following sections.

Commitments
The Bancorp has certain commitments to make future payments under contracts. The following table reflects a summary of significant commitments as of:
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Commitments to extend credit$82,765 80,680 
Letters of credit1,899 1,952 
Forward contracts related to residential mortgage loans measured at fair value1,050 881 
Capital commitments for private equity investments238 219 
Capital expenditures147 80 
Purchase obligations13 27 

Commitments to extend credit
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend, typically having fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses that may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements. The Bancorp is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty for the amount of the contract. Fixed-rate commitments are also subject to market risk resulting from fluctuations in interest rates and the Bancorp’s exposure is limited to the replacement value of those commitments. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp had a reserve for unfunded commitments, including letters of credit, totaling $146 million and $134 million, respectively, included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Bancorp monitors the credit risk associated with commitments to extend credit using the same standard regulatory risk rating systems utilized for its loan and lease portfolio.

Risk ratings of outstanding commitments to extend credit under this risk rating system are summarized in the following table as of:
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Pass$81,105 78,734 
Special mention709 850 
Substandard917 1,095 
Doubtful34 1 
Total commitments to extend credit$82,765 80,680 

Letters of credit
Standby and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party and expire as summarized in the following table as of June 30, 2025:
($ in millions)
Less than 1 year(a)
$1,038 
1 - 5 years(a)
857 
Over 5 years4 
Total letters of credit$1,899 
(a)Includes $2 issued on behalf of commercial customers to facilitate trade payments in U.S. dollars and foreign currencies which expire in less than 1 year and $2 that expire between 1 - 5 years.

Standby letters of credit accounted for approximately 99% of total letters of credit at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and are considered guarantees in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Approximately 74% and 76% of the total standby letters of credit were collateralized as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In the event of nonperformance by the customers, the Bancorp has rights to the underlying collateral, which can include commercial real estate, physical plant and property, inventory, receivables, cash and marketable securities. The reserve related to these standby letters of credit, which was included in the total reserve for unfunded commitments, was $10
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
million and $12 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Bancorp monitors the credit risk associated with letters of credit using the same standard regulatory risk rating systems utilized for its loan and lease portfolio.

Risk ratings of outstanding letters of credit under this risk rating system are summarized in the following table as of:
($ in millions)June 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Pass$1,766 1,779 
Special mention16 60 
Substandard112 110 
Doubtful5 3 
Total letters of credit$1,899 1,952 

Forward contracts related to residential mortgage loans measured at fair value
The Bancorp enters into forward contracts and mortgage options to economically hedge the change in fair value of certain residential mortgage loans held for sale, and certain residential mortgage portfolio loans measured at fair value, due to changes in interest rates. The outstanding notional amounts of these forward contracts are included in the summary of significant commitments table for all periods presented.

Other commitments
The Bancorp has entered into a limited number of agreements for work related to banking center construction and to purchase goods or services.

Contingent Liabilities
Legal claims
There are legal claims pending against the Bancorp and its subsidiaries that have arisen in the normal course of business. Refer to Note 14 for additional information regarding these proceedings.

Guarantees
The Bancorp has performance obligations upon the occurrence of certain events under financial guarantees provided in certain contractual arrangements as discussed in the following sections.

Residential mortgage loans sold with representation and warranty provisions
Conforming residential mortgage loans sold to unrelated third parties are generally sold with representation and warranty provisions. A contractual liability arises only in the event of a breach of these representations and warranties and, in general, only when a loss results from the breach. The Bancorp may be required to repurchase any previously sold loan, or indemnify or make whole the investor or insurer for which the representation or warranty of the Bancorp proves to be inaccurate, incomplete or misleading. For more information on how the Bancorp establishes the residential mortgage repurchase reserve, refer to Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

As of both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Bancorp maintained reserves related to loans sold with representation and warranty provisions totaling $5 million included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Bancorp uses the best information available when estimating its mortgage representation and warranty reserve; however, the estimation process is inherently uncertain and imprecise and, accordingly, losses in excess of the amounts reserved as of June 30, 2025 are reasonably possible. The Bancorp currently estimates that it is reasonably possible that it could incur losses related to mortgage representation and warranty provisions in an amount up to approximately $11 million in excess of amounts reserved. This estimate was derived by modifying the key assumptions to reflect management’s judgment regarding reasonably possible adverse changes to those assumptions. The actual repurchase losses could vary significantly from the recorded mortgage representation and warranty reserve or this estimate of reasonably possible losses, depending on the outcome of various factors, including those previously discussed.

During both the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Bancorp paid an immaterial amount in the form of make-whole payments and repurchased $3 million and $4 million, respectively, in outstanding principal of loans to satisfy investor demands. During both the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Bancorp paid an immaterial amount in the form of make-whole payments and repurchased $10 million and $15 million, respectively, in outstanding principal of loans to satisfy investor demands. Total repurchase demand requests during the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $8 million and $12 million, respectively. Total repurchase demand requests during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $17 million and $28 million, respectively. Total outstanding repurchase demand inventory was $4 million and $7 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Margin accounts
FTS, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bancorp, guarantees the collection of all margin account balances held by its brokerage clearing agent for the benefit of its customers. FTS is responsible for payment to its brokerage clearing agent for any loss, liability, damage, cost or expense incurred as a result of customers failing to comply with margin or margin maintenance calls on all margin accounts. The margin account balances held by the brokerage clearing agent were $14 million and $16 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In the event of customer default, FTS has rights to the underlying collateral provided. Given the existence of the underlying collateral provided and negligible historical credit losses, the Bancorp does not maintain a loss reserve related to the margin accounts.

Long-term borrowing obligations
The Bancorp had certain fully and unconditionally guaranteed long-term borrowing obligations issued by wholly-owned issuing trust entities of $62 million at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Visa litigation
The Bancorp, as a member bank of Visa prior to Visa’s reorganization and IPO (the “IPO”) of its Class A common shares (the “Class A Shares”) in 2008, had certain indemnification obligations pursuant to Visa’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws and in accordance with its membership agreements. In accordance with Visa’s bylaws prior to the IPO, the Bancorp could have been required to indemnify Visa for the Bancorp’s proportional share of losses based on the pre-IPO membership interests. As part of its reorganization and IPO, the Bancorp’s indemnification obligation was modified to include only certain known or anticipated litigation (the “Covered Litigation”) as of the date of the restructuring. This modification triggered a requirement for the Bancorp to recognize a liability equal to the fair value of the indemnification liability.

In conjunction with the IPO, the Bancorp received 10.1 million of Visa’s Class B common shares (the “Class B Shares”) based on the Bancorp’s membership percentage in Visa prior to the IPO. The Class B Shares were not transferable (other than to another member bank) until the later of the third anniversary of the IPO closing or the date on which the Covered Litigation has been resolved; therefore, the Bancorp’s Class B Shares were classified in other assets and accounted for at their carryover basis of $0. Visa deposited $3 billion of the proceeds from the IPO into a litigation escrow account, established for the purpose of funding judgments in, or settlements of, the Covered Litigation. Since then, when Visa’s litigation committee determined that the escrow account was insufficient, Visa issued additional Class A Shares and deposited the proceeds from the sale of the Class A Shares into the litigation escrow account. When Visa funded the litigation escrow account, the Class B Shares were subjected to dilution through an adjustment in the conversion rate of Class B Shares into Class A Shares. On January 23, 2024, Visa announced shareholder approval of changes to its articles of incorporation that would release certain transfer restrictions on portions of Class B Shares. The program allows holders of Class B Shares to liquidate some of their shares subject to assurances that other Visa stockholders will retain existing protection from exposure to the Covered Litigation.

In 2009, the Bancorp completed the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares and entered into a total return swap in which the Bancorp will make or receive payments based on subsequent changes in the conversion rate of the Class B Shares into Class A Shares. The swap terminates on the later of the third anniversary of Visa’s IPO or the date on which the Covered Litigation is settled. Refer to Note 18 for additional information on the valuation of the swap. The counterparty to the swap as a result of its ownership of the Class B Shares will be impacted by dilutive adjustments to the conversion rate of the Class B Shares into Class A Shares caused by any Covered Litigation losses in excess of the litigation escrow account. If actual judgments in, or settlements of, the Covered Litigation significantly exceed current expectations, then additional funding by Visa of the litigation escrow account and the resulting dilution of the Class B Shares could result in a scenario where the Bancorp’s ultimate exposure associated with the Covered Litigation (the “Visa Litigation Exposure”) exceeds the value of the Class B Shares owned by the swap counterparty (the “Class B Value”). In the event the Bancorp concludes that it is probable that the Visa Litigation Exposure exceeds the Class B Value, the Bancorp would record a litigation reserve liability and a corresponding amount of other noninterest expense for the amount of the excess. Any such litigation reserve liability would be separate and distinct from the fair value derivative liability associated with the total return swap.

As of the date of the Bancorp’s sale of the Visa Class B Shares and through June 30, 2025, the Bancorp has concluded that it is not probable that the Visa Litigation Exposure will exceed the Class B Value. Based on this determination, upon the sale of Class B Shares, the Bancorp reversed its net Visa litigation reserve liability and recognized a free-standing derivative liability associated with the total return swap. The fair value of the swap liability was $145 million at June 30, 2025 and $170 million at December 31, 2024, respectively. Refer to Note 9 and Note 18 for further information.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
After the Bancorp’s sale of the Class B Shares, Visa has funded additional amounts into the litigation escrow account which have resulted in further dilutive adjustments to the conversion of Class B Shares into Class A Shares, and along with other terms of the total return swap, required the Bancorp to make cash payments in varying amounts to the swap counterparty as follows:
Period ($ in millions)Visa
Funding Amount		Bancorp Cash
Payment Amount
Q2 2010$500 20 
Q4 2010800 35 
Q2 2011400 19 
Q1 20121,565 75 
Q3 2012150 6 
Q3 2014450 18 
Q2 2018600 26 
Q3 2019300 12 
Q4 2021250 11 
Q2 2022600 25 
Q4 2022350 15 
Q2 2023500 21 
Q3 2023150 6 
Q3 20241,500 65 
Q1 2025375 15 

14. Legal and Regulatory Proceedings

Litigation
Visa/MasterCard Merchant Interchange Litigation
In April 2006, the Bancorp was added as a defendant in a consolidated antitrust class action lawsuit originally filed against Visa®, MasterCard® and several other major financial institutions in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (In re: Payment Card Interchange Fee and Merchant Discount Antitrust Litigation, Case No. 5-MD-1720). The plaintiffs, merchants operating commercial businesses throughout the U.S. and trade associations, claimed that the interchange fees charged by card-issuing banks were unreasonable and sought injunctive relief and unspecified damages. In addition to being a named defendant, the Bancorp is currently also subject to a possible indemnification obligation of Visa as discussed in Note 13 and has also entered into judgment and loss sharing agreements with Visa, MasterCard and certain other named defendants. In October 2012, the parties to the litigation entered into a settlement agreement that was initially approved by the trial court but reversed by the U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals and remanded to the district court for further proceedings. More than 500 of the merchants who requested exclusion from the class filed separate federal lawsuits against Visa, MasterCard and certain other defendants alleging similar antitrust violations. These individual federal lawsuits were transferred to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, and the Bancorp may have obligations in these matters pursuant to indemnification arrangements and/or the judgment or loss sharing agreements noted above. On September 17, 2018, the defendants in the consolidated class action signed a second settlement agreement (the “Amended Settlement Agreement”) resolving the claims seeking monetary damages by the proposed plaintiffs’ class (the “Plaintiff Damages Class”) and superseding the original settlement agreement entered into in October 2012. The Amended Settlement Agreement included, among other terms, a release from participating class members for liability for claims that accrue no later than five years after the Amended Settlement Agreement becomes final. The Amended Settlement Agreement provided for a total payment by all defendants of approximately $6.24 billion, composed of approximately $5.34 billion held in escrow plus an additional $900 million in new funds. Pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement, $700 million of the additional $900 million has been returned to the defendants due to the level of opt-outs from the class. On December 13, 2019, the Court entered an order granting final approval for the settlement, and on March 15, 2023, the Second Circuit affirmed that order. The settlement does not resolve the claims of the separate proposed plaintiffs’ class seeking injunctive relief or the claims of merchants who have opted out of the proposed class settlement and are pursuing, or may in the future decide to pursue, private lawsuits. Several of the remaining opt-out cases have now been set for a trial scheduled to commence on October 20, 2025 in the matter of Target Corp. et al. v. Visa Inc. et al., Case No. 13 Civ. 3477 (AKH) (S.D.N.Y.). On September 27, 2021, the Court overseeing the class litigation entered an order certifying a class of merchants pursuing claims for injunctive relief. On March 26, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a motion seeking preliminary approval of a settlement that would resolve class claims for injunctive relief. On June 13, 2024, the Court held a hearing on Plaintiffs’ motion for preliminary approval of the injunctive relief settlement, and on June 25, 2024, the Court issued an order denying the request for preliminary approval of the settlement. The ultimate outcome in this matter, including the timing of resolution, remains uncertain. Refer to Note 13 for further information.

Klopfenstein v. Fifth Third Bank
On August 3, 2012, William Klopfenstein and Adam McKinney filed a lawsuit against Fifth Third Bank in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio (Klopfenstein et al. v. Fifth Third Bank), alleging that the 120% APR that Fifth Third disclosed on its Early
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Access program was misleading. Early Access is a deposit-advance program offered to eligible customers with checking accounts. The plaintiffs sought to represent a nationwide class of customers who used the Early Access program and repaid their cash advances within 30 days. On October 31, 2012, the case was transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. In 2013, four similar putative class action lawsuits were filed against Fifth Third Bank in federal courts throughout the country (Lori and Danielle Laskaris v. Fifth Third Bank, Janet Fyock v. Fifth Third Bank, Jesse McQuillen v. Fifth Third Bank, and Brian Harrison v. Fifth Third Bank). Those four lawsuits were transferred to the Southern District of Ohio and consolidated with the original lawsuit as In re: Fifth Third Early Access Cash Advance Litigation (Case No. 1:12-CV-851). On behalf of a putative class, the plaintiffs sought unspecified monetary and statutory damages, injunctive relief, punitive damages, attorneys’ fees, and pre- and post-judgment interest. On March 30, 2015, the court dismissed all claims alleged in the consolidated lawsuit except a claim under the TILA. On May 28, 2019, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the dismissal of plaintiffs’ breach of contract claim and remanded for further proceedings. The plaintiffs’ claimed damages for the alleged breach of contract claim exceed $440 million, plus prejudgment interest. On March 26, 2021, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification. On March 29, 2023, the trial court issued an order granting summary judgement on plaintiffs’ TILA claim, with statutory damages capped at $2 million plus costs and attorney fees. Plaintiffs’ claim for breach of contract proceeded to trial beginning on April 17, 2023. On April 27, 2023, the jury returned a verdict in favor of the Bank, finding a breach of contract, but that the voluntary payment doctrine is a complete defense to the breach of contract claim. On September 30, 2024, the trial court issued a decision denying post-trial motions related to the jury verdict. On October 30, 2024, plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal, and on November 7, 2024, Fifth Third filed a notice of cross appeal.

Howards v. Fifth Third Bank
On March 8, 2018, Plaintiff Troy Howards filed a putative class action against Fifth Third Bank in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (Case No. 1:18-CV-869, S.D. OH 2018), alleging that Fifth Third improperly charged certain fees related to insufficient funds, customer overdrafts, and out-of-network ATM use. Venue was subsequently transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. Plaintiff filed claims for breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, for violation of the California Unfair Competition Law (Ca. Bus. & Prof. Code sec. 17200, et seq.), and the California Consumer Legal Remedies Act (Cal. Civ. Code sec. 1750 et seq.). Plaintiff seeks to represent putative nationwide classes and California classes of consumers allegedly charged improper repeated insufficient funds fees, improper overdraft fees, and fees for out-of-network ATM use from the beginning of the applicable statute of limitations to present. Plaintiff seeks damages of restitution and disgorgement in the amount of the allegedly unlawfully charged fees, damages proved at trial together with interest as allowed by applicable law. Fifth Third filed a motion to dismiss all claims. On February 6, 2023, the trial court issued an order dismissing the Plaintiff’s breach of contract claim with respect to out-of-network ATM fees and dismissing the two claims for violations of California consumer protection statutes. The Court denied Fifth Third’s motion to dismiss as it relates to the claims for breach of contract and breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing for certain customer overdrafts and insufficient funds fees. The case is in discovery, and no trial date has been set.

Other litigation
The Bancorp and its subsidiaries are not parties to any other material litigation at this time. However, there are other litigation matters that arise in the normal course of business, which include, or may include, claims related to product features, pricing and other lending practices. For example, Fifth Third Bank, National Association is currently responding to lawsuits regarding bankruptcies and practices of residential solar installers as well as lending practices of credit providers to this market, which includes Dividend Solar Finance, LLC, which the Bank acquired in May 2022. While it is impossible to ascertain the ultimate resolution or range of financial liability with respect to these contingent matters, management believes that the resulting liability, if any, from these other actions would not have a material effect upon the Bancorp’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of a matter, if unfavorable, may be material to the Bancorp’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Governmental Investigations and Proceedings
The Bancorp and/or its affiliates are or may become involved in information-gathering requests, reviews, investigations and proceedings (both formal and informal) by various governmental regulatory agencies and law enforcement authorities, including but not limited to the FRB, OCC, CFPB, SEC, FINRA, U.S. Department of Justice, etc., as well as state and other governmental authorities and self-regulatory bodies regarding their respective businesses. For example, Fifth Third Bank, National Association is currently cooperating with investigations related to several civil investigative demands by a number of state attorneys general regarding the residential solar installation industry and lending practices of credit providers to this market, which includes Dividend Solar Finance, LLC, which the Bank acquired in May 2022. Among these are investigations related to multiple lenders by a coalition of 17 state attorneys general relating to the Chapter 7 bankruptcy filing of one such installer, Power Home Solar, LLC, dba Pink Energy. Dividend Solar Finance, LLC financed installations of Power Home Solar, LLC customers in 11 of the 17 states represented by the coalition. Additional matters will likely arise from time to time. Any of these matters may result in material adverse consequences or reputational harm to the Bancorp, its affiliates and/or their respective directors, officers and other personnel, including adverse judgments, findings, settlements, fines, penalties, orders, injunctions or other actions, amendments and/or restatements of the Bancorp’s SEC filings and/or financial statements, as applicable, and/or determinations of material weaknesses in our disclosure controls and procedures. Investigations by regulatory authorities may from time to time result in civil or criminal referrals to law enforcement. Additionally, in some cases, regulatory authorities may take supervisory actions that are considered to be confidential supervisory information which may not be publicly disclosed.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Reasonably Possible Losses in Excess of Accruals
The Bancorp and its subsidiaries are parties to numerous claims and lawsuits as well as threatened or potential actions or claims concerning matters arising from the conduct of its business activities. The outcome of claims or litigation and the timing of ultimate resolution are inherently difficult to predict. The following factors, among others, contribute to this lack of predictability: claims often include significant legal uncertainties, damages alleged by plaintiffs are often unspecified or overstated, discovery may not have started or may not be complete and material facts may be disputed or unsubstantiated. As a result of these factors, the Bancorp is not always able to provide an estimate of the range of reasonably possible outcomes for each claim. An accrual for a potential litigation loss is established when information related to the loss contingency indicates both that a loss is probable and that the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Any such accrual is adjusted from time to time thereafter as appropriate to reflect changes in circumstances. The Bancorp also determines, when possible (due to the uncertainties described above), estimates of reasonably possible losses or ranges of reasonably possible losses, in excess of amounts accrued. Under U.S. GAAP, an event is “reasonably possible” if “the chance of the future event or events occurring is more than remote but less than likely” and an event is “remote” if “the chance of the future event or events occurring is slight.” Thus, references to the upper end of the range of reasonably possible loss for cases in which the Bancorp is able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss mean the upper end of the range of loss for cases for which the Bancorp believes the risk of loss is more than slight. For matters where the Bancorp is able to estimate such possible losses or ranges of possible losses, the Bancorp currently estimates that it is reasonably possible that it could incur losses related to legal and regulatory proceedings in an aggregate amount up to approximately $62 million in excess of amounts accrued, with it also being reasonably possible that no losses will be incurred in these matters. The estimates included in this amount are based on the Bancorp’s analysis of currently available information, and as new information is obtained the Bancorp may change its estimates.

For these matters and others where an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible but not probable, there may be a range of possible losses in excess of the established accrual that cannot be estimated. Based on information currently available, advice of counsel, available insurance coverage and established accruals, the Bancorp believes that the eventual outcome of the actions against the Bancorp and/or its subsidiaries, including the matters described above, will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Bancorp’s consolidated financial position. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of those matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the Bancorp’s results of operations for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the size of the loss or liability imposed and the operating results for the applicable period.

15. Income Taxes
The applicable income tax expense was $180 million and $163 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $319 million and $302 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were 22.2% and 21.3%, respectively, and 21.8% and 21.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

16. Earnings Per Share
The following table provides the calculation of earnings per share and the reconciliation of earnings per share and earnings per diluted share:
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions, except per share data)2025202420252024
Net income available to common shareholders$591 561 1,069 1,041 
Average common shares outstanding - basic671 687 671 686 
Effect of dilutive stock-based awards3 4 4 5 
Average common shares outstanding - diluted674 691 675 691 
Earnings per share - basic$0.88 0.82 1.59 1.52 
Earnings per share - diluted0.88 0.81 1.58 1.51 
Anti-dilutive stock-based awards excluded from diluted shares3 2 2 2 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
17. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The tables below present the activity of the components of OCI and AOCI for the three months ended:
Total OCI Total AOCI
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Pre-tax
Activity		Tax
Effect		Net
Activity		Beginning
Balance		Net
Activity		Ending
Balance
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale debt securities arising during period$237 (58)179 
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on available-for-sale debt securities included in net income— — — 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities237 (58)179 (2,799)179 (2,620)
Amortization of unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities included in net income28 (6)22 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities28 (6)22 (659)22 (637)
Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedge derivatives arising during period144 (34)110 
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on cash flow hedge derivatives included in net income50 (12)38 
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives194 (46)148 (419)148 (271)
Defined benefit pension plans, net— — — (16)— (16)
Other— — — (2)— (2)
Total$459 (110)349 (3,895)349 (3,546)

Total OCI Total AOCI
June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)Pre-tax
Activity		Tax
Effect		Net
Activity		Beginning
Balance		Net
Activity		Ending
Balance
Unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale debt securities arising during period$(5)4 (1)
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on available-for-sale debt securities included in net income4 (1)3 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities(1)3 2 (3,488)2 (3,486)
Amortization of unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities included in net income32 (7)25 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities32 (7)25 (760)25 (735)
Unrealized holding losses on cash flow hedge derivatives arising during period(145)36 (109)
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on cash flow hedge derivatives included in net income90 (21)69 
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives(55)15 (40)(619)(40)(659)
Defined benefit pension plans, net— — — (17)— (17)
Other— — — (4)— (4)
Total$(24)11 (13)(4,888)(13)(4,901)

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The tables below present the activity of the components of OCI and AOCI for the six months ended:

Total OCITotal AOCI
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Pre-tax
Activity		Tax EffectNet ActivityBeginning BalanceNet ActivityEnding Balance
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale debt securities
   arising during the year
$870 (210)660 
Reclassification adjustment for net gains on available-for-sale debt
   securities included in net income
— — — 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities870 (210)660 (3,280)660 (2,620)
Amortization of unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities included in net income60 (13)47 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities60 (13)47 (684)47 (637)
Unrealized holding gains on cash flow hedge derivatives arising
   during the year
399 (96)303 
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on cash flow hedge
   derivatives included in net income
105 (25)80 
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives504 (121)383 (654)383 (271)
Defined benefit pension plans, net— — — (16)— (16)
Other— — — (2)— (2)
Total$1,434 (344)1,090 (4,636)1,090 (3,546)

Total OCITotal AOCI
June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)Pre-tax
Activity		Tax EffectNet ActivityBeginning BalanceNet ActivityEnding Balance
Unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale debt securities arising during period$(241)59 (182)
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to
   held-to-maturity securities
994 (209)785 
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on available-for-sale debt securities included in net income7 (2)5 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities760 (152)608 (4,094)608 (3,486)
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities(994)209 (785)
Amortization of unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities included in net income64 (14)50 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities(930)195 (735)— (735)(735)
Unrealized holding losses on cash flow hedge derivatives arising during period(557)132 (425)
Reclassification adjustment for net losses on cash flow hedge derivatives included in net income179 (41)138 
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives(378)91 (287)(372)(287)(659)
Defined benefit pension plans, net— — — (17)— (17)
Other— — — (4)— (4)
Total$(548)134 (414)(4,487)(414)(4,901)

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The table below presents reclassifications out of AOCI:
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income CaptionFor the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities:(a)
Net losses included in net incomeSecurities gains, net$— (4)— (7)
Income before income taxes— (4)— (7)
Applicable income tax expense— 1 — 2 
Net income— (3)— (5)
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities transferred to held-to-maturity securities:(a)
Net losses included in net incomeInterest on securities(28)(32)(60)(64)
Income before income taxes(28)(32)(60)(64)
Applicable income tax expense6 7 13 14 
Net income(22)(25)(47)(50)
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedge derivatives:(a)
Interest rate contracts related to C&I, commercial mortgage and commercial construction loansInterest and fees on loans and leases(50)(90)(105)(179)
Income before income taxes(50)(90)(105)(179)
Applicable income tax expense12 21 25 41 
Net income(38)(69)(80)(138)
Total reclassifications for the periodNet income$(60)(97)(127)(193)
(a)Amounts in parentheses indicate reductions to net income.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
18. Fair Value Measurements
The Bancorp measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the instrument’s fair value measurement. For more information regarding the fair value hierarchy, refer to Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables summarize assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of:
Fair Value Measurements Using
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Fair Value
Assets:
Available-for-sale debt and other securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$3,508 — — 3,508 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities— 6,887 — 6,887 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities— 20,943 — 20,943 
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities— 3,323 — 3,323 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities— 2,802 — 2,802 
Available-for-sale debt and other securities(a)
3,508 33,955 — 37,463 
Trading debt securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities704 19 — 723 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions securities— 35 — 35 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities— 26 — 26 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities— 540 — 540 
Trading debt securities704 620 — 1,324 
Equity securities386 18 — 404 
Residential mortgage loans held for sale— 572 — 572 
Residential mortgage loans(b)
— — 107 107 
Servicing rights— — 1,629 1,629 
Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts1 521 7 529 
Foreign exchange contracts— 729 — 729 
Commodity contracts149 590 — 739 
Derivative assets(c)
150 1,840 7 1,997 
Total assets$4,748 37,005 1,743 43,496 
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts$6 669 5 680 
Foreign exchange contracts— 700 — 700 
Equity contracts— — 145 145 
Commodity contracts92 649 — 741 
Derivative liabilities(d)
98 2,018 150 2,266 
Short positions:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities116 1 — 117 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities— 254 — 254 
Equity securities18 — — 18 
Short positions(d)
134 255 — 389 
Total liabilities$232 2,273 150 2,655 
(a)Excludes FHLB, FRB and DTCC restricted stock holdings totaling $300, $504 and $3, respectively, at June 30, 2025.
(b)Includes residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale and subsequently transferred to held for investment.
(c)Included in other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d)Included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Fair Value
Assets:
Available-for-sale debt and other securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities$4,360 — — 4,360 
Mortgage-backed securities:
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities— 5,681 — 5,681 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities— 20,832 — 20,832 
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities— 4,167 — 4,167 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities— 3,729 — 3,729 
Available-for-sale debt and other securities(a)
4,360 34,409 — 38,769 
Trading debt securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities591 35 — 626 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions securities— 120 — 120 
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities— 10 — 10 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities— 429 — 429 
Trading debt securities591 594 — 1,185 
Equity securities307 34 — 341 
Residential mortgage loans held for sale— 574 — 574 
Residential mortgage loans(b)
— — 108 108 
Servicing rights— — 1,704 1,704 
Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts7 721 2 730 
Foreign exchange contracts— 1,167 — 1,167 
Commodity contracts75 500 — 575 
Derivative assets(c)
82 2,388 2 2,472 
Total assets$5,340 37,999 1,814 45,153 
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts$— 939 5 944 
Foreign exchange contracts— 1,120 — 1,120 
Equity contracts— — 170 170 
Commodity contracts57 507 — 564 
Derivative liabilities(d)
57 2,566 175 2,798 
Short positions:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies securities139 — — 139 
Asset-backed securities and other debt securities— 156 — 156 
Equity securities21 — — 21 
Short positions(d)
160 156 — 316 
Total liabilities$217 2,722 175 3,114 
(a)Excludes FHLB, FRB and DTCC restricted stock holdings totaling $276, $500 and $2, respectively, at December 31, 2024.
(b)Includes residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale and subsequently transferred to held for investment.
(c)Included in other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(d)Included in other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

For further information on the valuation methodologies used for significant instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, refer to Note 28 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables are a reconciliation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
For the three months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans		Servicing
Rights
Interest Rate
Derivatives,
Net(a)
Equity
Derivatives		Total
Fair Value
Balance, beginning of period$109 1,663 — (173)1,599 
Total (losses) gains (realized/unrealized):(b)
 Included in earnings— (49)12 (1)(38)
Purchases/originations— 15 — — 15 
Settlements(3)— (10)29 16 
Transfers into Level 3(c)
1 — — — 1 
Balance, end of period$107 1,629 2 (145)1,593 
The amount of total (losses) gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to instruments still held at June 30, 2025
$— (26)8 (1)(19)
(a)Net interest rate derivatives include derivative assets and liabilities of $7 and $5, respectively, as of June 30, 2025.
(b)There were no unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments still held at June 30, 2025.
(c)Includes certain residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale that were transferred to held for investment.

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
For the three months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans		Servicing
Rights
Interest Rate
Derivatives,
Net(a)
Equity
Derivatives		Total
Fair Value
Balance, beginning of period$113 1,756 — (162)1,707 
Total (losses) gains (realized/unrealized):(b)
 Included in earnings(1)(30)12 (23)(42)
Purchases/originations— 10 — — 10 
Sales— (5)— — (5)
Settlements(4)— (12)21 5 
Transfers into Level 3(c)
1 — — — 1 
Balance, end of period$109 1,731 — (164)1,676 
The amount of total (losses) gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to instruments still held at June 30, 2024
$(1)7 5 (23)(12)
(a)Net interest rate derivatives include $6 for both derivative assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2024.
(b)There were no unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments still held at June 30, 2024.
(c)Includes certain residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale that were transferred to held for investment.

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
For the six months ended June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans		Servicing
Rights
Interest Rate
Derivatives,
Net(a)
Equity
Derivatives		Total
Fair Value
Balance, beginning of period$108 1,704 (3)(170)1,639 
Total (losses) gains (realized/unrealized):(b)
 Included in earnings3 (100)27 (19)(89)
Purchases/originations— 25 (1)— 24 
Settlements(6)— (21)44 17 
Transfers into Level 3(c)
2 — — — 2 
Balance, end of period$107 1,629 2 (145)1,593 
The amount of total (losses) gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to instruments still held at June 30, 2025
$3 (60)8 (19)(68)
(a)Net interest rate derivatives include derivative assets and liabilities of $7 and $5, respectively, as of June 30, 2025.
(b)There were no unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments still held at June 30, 2025.
(c)Includes certain residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale that were transferred to held for investment.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
For the six months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans		Servicing
Rights
Interest Rate
Derivatives,
Net(a)
Equity
Derivatives		Total
Fair Value
Balance, beginning of period$116 1,737 — (168)1,685 
Total (losses) gains (realized/unrealized):(b)
 Included in earnings(3)(22)21 (40)(44)
Purchases/originations/acquisitions— 21 (1)— 20 
Sales— (5)— — (5)
Settlements(6)— (20)44 18 
Transfers into Level 3(c)
2 — — — 2 
Balance, end of period$109 1,731 — (164)1,676 
The amount of total (losses) gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to instruments still held at June 30, 2024
$(3)35 6 (40)(2)
(a)Net interest rate derivatives include $6 for both derivative assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2024.
(b)There were no unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments still held at June 30, 2024.
(c)Includes certain residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale that were transferred to held for investment.

The total losses and gains included in earnings for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as follows:
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Mortgage banking net revenue$(38)(20)(71)(5)
Capital markets fees1 1 1 1 
Other noninterest income(1)(23)(19)(40)
Total losses$(38)(42)(89)(44)

The total losses and gains included in earnings attributable to changes in unrealized gains and losses related to Level 3 assets and liabilities still held at June 30, 2025 and 2024 were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as follows:
For the three months ended
June 30,		For the six months ended
June 30,
($ in millions)2025202420252024
Mortgage banking net revenue$(19)10 (50)37 
Capital markets fees1 1 1 1 
Other noninterest income(1)(23)(19)(40)
Total losses$(19)(12)(68)(2)

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables present information as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 about significant unobservable inputs related to the Bancorp’s material categories of Level 3 financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation
Technique		Significant
Unobservable Inputs		Range of Inputs
Weighted-Average
Residential mortgage loans$107 Loss rate modelInterest rate risk factor(52.0)-6.1%(11.4)%
(a)
Credit risk factor— -0.8%0.1 %
(a)
Servicing rights1,629 DCFPrepayment speed— -100.0%
(Fixed)
6.5 %
(b)
(Adjustable)
17.2 %
(b)
OAS (bps)335 -1,821
(Fixed)
433
(b)
(Adjustable)
723
(b)
IRLCs, net7 DCFLoan closing rates18.6 -96.0%82.2 %
(c)
Swap associated with the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares(145)DCFTiming of the resolution
   of the Covered Litigation		Q2 2027-Q2 2028Q4 2027
(d)
(a)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative carrying value of the instruments.
(b)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative unpaid principal balance of the instruments.
(c)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative notional amount of the instruments.
(d)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the probability of the final funding date of the instruments.

As of June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation
Technique		Significant
Unobservable Inputs		Range of InputsWeighted-Average
Residential mortgage loans$109 Loss rate modelInterest rate risk factor(26.0)-5.0 %(14.1)%
(a)
Credit risk factor— -0.6 %0.1 %
(a)
Servicing rights1,731 DCFPrepayment speed— -100.0 %(Fixed)5.6 %
(b)
(Adjustable)22.1 %
(b)
OAS (bps)420-1,833(Fixed)448
(b)
(Adjustable)693
(b)
IRLCs, net5 DCFLoan closing rates18.8 -96.0 %82.3 %
(c)
Swap associated with the sale of Visa, Inc. Class B Shares
(164)DCFTiming of the resolution
   of the Covered Litigation		Q4 2026-Q1 2028Q2 2027
(d)
(a)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative carrying value of the instruments.
(b)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative unpaid principal balance of the instruments.
(c)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative notional amount of the instruments.
(d)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the probability of the final funding date of the instruments.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis; however, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as when there is evidence of impairment.

The following tables provide the fair value hierarchy and carrying amount of all assets that were held as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, and for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and the related gains and losses from fair value adjustments on assets sold during the period as well as assets still held as of the end of the period.
Fair Value Measurements UsingTotal (Losses) Gains
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
For the three months ended June 30, 2025
For the six
months ended June 30, 2025
Commercial loans and leases$— — 222 222 (78)(204)
Consumer and residential mortgage loans— — 194 194 (3)(7)
OREO— — 5 5 — 1 
Private equity investments— 13 — 13 — 4 
Total$— 13 421 434 (81)(206)

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Fair Value Measurements UsingTotal (Losses) Gains
As of June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
For the three months ended
 June 30, 2024
For the six
months ended
June 30, 2024
Commercial loans held for sale$— — 4 4 — — 
Commercial loans and leases— — 67 67 (44)(104)
Consumer and residential mortgage loans— — 196 196 — (3)
OREO— — 5 5 (1)(1)
Bank premises and equipment— — 3 3 — — 
Private equity investments— — — — — 9 
Total$— — 275 275 (45)(99)

The following tables present information as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 about significant unobservable inputs related to the Bancorp’s material categories of Level 3 financial assets and liabilities measured on a nonrecurring basis:
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation TechniqueSignificant Unobservable InputsRanges of
Inputs		Weighted-Average
Commercial loans and leases$222 Appraised valueCollateral valueNMNM
Consumer and residential mortgage loans194 Appraised valueCollateral valueNMNM
OREO5 Appraised valueAppraised valueNMNM
As of June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation TechniqueSignificant Unobservable InputsRanges of
Inputs		Weighted-Average
Commercial loans held for sale$4 Comparable company analysisMarket comparable transactionsNMNM
Commercial loans and leases67 Appraised valueCollateral valueNMNM
Consumer and residential mortgage loans196 Appraised valueCollateral valueNMNM
OREO5 Appraised valueAppraised valueNMNM
Bank premises and equipment3 Appraised valueAppraised valueNMNM
Private equity investments— Comparable company analysisMarket comparable transactionsNMNM
Commercial loans held for sale
The Bancorp estimated the fair value of certain commercial loans held for sale during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. These valuations were based on appraisals of the underlying collateral or by applying unobservable inputs such as an estimated market discount to the unpaid principal balance of the loans or the appraised value of the assets (Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy).
Portfolio loans and leases
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Bancorp recorded nonrecurring adjustments to certain collateral-dependent portfolio loans and leases. When a loan is collateral-dependent, the fair value of the loan is generally based on the fair value less cost to sell of the underlying collateral supporting the loan and therefore these loans were classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. In cases where the amortized cost basis of the loan or lease exceeds the estimated net realizable value of the collateral, then an ALLL is recognized, or a charge-off once the remaining amount is considered uncollectible.

OREO
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Bancorp recorded nonrecurring adjustments to certain commercial and residential real estate properties and branch-related real estate no longer intended to be used for banking purposes classified as OREO and measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value. These nonrecurring adjustments were primarily due to changes in real estate values of the properties recognized upon the transfer, or subsequent to the transfer, to OREO. The fair value amounts are generally based on appraisals of the property values, resulting in a classification within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized.

Private equity investments
The Bancorp accounts for its private equity investments using the measurement alternative to fair value, except for those accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Under the measurement alternative, the Bancorp carries each investment at its cost basis minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The Bancorp did not recognize gains and recognized gains of $4 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and did not recognize gains and recognized gains of $9 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, resulting from observable price changes. The carrying value of the Bancorp’s private equity investments still held as of June 30,
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
2025 includes a cumulative $23 million of positive adjustments as a result of observable price changes since January 1, 2018. Because these adjustments are based on observable transactions in inactive markets, they are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

For private equity investments which are accounted for using the measurement alternative to fair value, the Bancorp qualitatively evaluates each investment quarterly to determine if impairment may exist. If necessary, the Bancorp then measures impairment by estimating the value of its investment and comparing that to the investment’s carrying value, whether or not the Bancorp considers the impairment to be temporary. These valuations are typically developed using a DCF method, but other methods may be used if more appropriate for the circumstances. These valuations are based on unobservable inputs and therefore are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of impairment charges on its private equity investments and did not recognize impairment charges for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. The carrying value of the Bancorp’s private equity investments still held as of June 30, 2025 includes a cumulative $15 million of impairment charges recognized since adoption of the measurement alternative to fair value on January 1, 2018.

Fair Value Option
The Bancorp elected to measure certain residential mortgage loans held for sale under the fair value option as allowed under U.S. GAAP. Electing to measure residential mortgage loans held for sale at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches changes in the value of these assets with changes in the value of derivatives used as economic hedges for these assets. Management’s intent to sell residential mortgage loans classified as held for sale may change over time due to such factors as changes in the overall liquidity in markets or changes in characteristics specific to certain loans held for sale. Consequently, these loans may be reclassified to loans held for investment and maintained in the Bancorp’s loan portfolio. In such cases, the loans will continue to be measured at fair value.

Fair value changes recognized in earnings for residential mortgage loans held at June 30, 2025 and 2024 for which the fair value option was elected included losses of $9 million and $7 million, respectively. These losses are reported in mortgage banking net revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Valuation adjustments related to instrument-specific credit risk for residential mortgage loans measured at fair value negatively impacted the fair value of those loans by an immaterial amount at both June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Interest on loans measured at fair value is accrued as it is earned using the effective interest method and is reported as interest income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table summarizes the fair value and the unpaid principal balance for residential mortgage loans measured at fair value as of:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Aggregate
Fair Value		Aggregate Unpaid
Principal Balance
Residential mortgage loans measured at fair value$679 677 
Past due loans of 30-89 days1 1 
Past due loans of 90 days or more1 1 
Nonaccrual loans2 2 
December 31, 2024
Residential mortgage loans measured at fair value$682 693 
Past due loans of 30-89 days1 1 
Past due loans of 90 days or more1 1 
Nonaccrual loans2 2 

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Fair Value of Certain Financial Instruments
The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and estimated fair values for certain financial instruments, excluding financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Net Carrying
Amount		Fair Value Measurements UsingTotal
Fair Value
As of June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks
$2,972 2,972 — — 2,972 
Other short-term investments13,043 13,043 — — 13,043 
Other securities807 — 807 — 807 
Held-to-maturity securities11,630 2,414 9,131 2 11,547 
Loans and leases held for sale74 — — 74 74 
Portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial loans and leases72,859 — — 73,223 73,223 
Consumer and residential mortgage loans47,018 — — 44,714 44,714 
Total portfolio loans and leases, net$119,877 — — 117,937 117,937 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits$164,207 — 164,303 — 164,303 
Federal funds purchased178 178 — — 178 
Other short-term borrowings3,393 — 3,395 — 3,395 
Long-term debt14,490 7,381 7,449 — 14,830 
Net Carrying
Amount		Fair Value Measurements UsingTotal
Fair Value
As of December 31, 2024 ($ in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks$3,014 3,014 — — 3,014 
Other short-term investments17,120 17,120 — — 17,120 
Other securities778 — 778 — 778 
Held-to-maturity securities11,278 2,344 8,619 2 10,965 
Loans and leases held for sale66 — — 66 66 
Portfolio loans and leases:
Commercial loans and leases72,139 — — 72,319 72,319 
Consumer and residential mortgage loans45,192 — — 42,155 42,155 
Total portfolio loans and leases, net$117,331 — — 114,474 114,474 
Financial liabilities:
Deposits$167,252 — 167,353 — 167,353 
Federal funds purchased204 204 — — 204 
Other short-term borrowings4,450 — 4,459 — 4,459 
Long-term debt14,440 3,753 10,835 — 14,588 
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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
19. Business Segments
The Bancorp has three reportable segments: Commercial Banking, Consumer and Small Business Banking and Wealth and Asset Management. The Bancorp’s reportable segments have been determined based on its management structure and management accounting practices. This presentation is aligned with how results are reviewed internally by the Bancorp’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, which the Bancorp has determined to be its Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). For each of the Bancorp’s segments, the CODM primarily uses segment income before income taxes on an FTE basis to allocate resources such as employees and capital. The CODM also monitors trends in net interest income, noninterest income and noninterest expense to evaluate the financial performance of each segment and make resource allocation decisions. These decisions also consider segment-specific events and circumstances, general market conditions, forecasts and variances to annual budgets. Additionally, the CODM uses segment average assets as a measure to allocate resources to the segments.

The Bancorp manages interest rate risk centrally at the corporate level. By employing an FTP methodology, the segments are insulated from most benchmark interest rate volatility, enabling them to focus on serving customers through the origination of loans and acceptance of deposits. The FTP methodology assigns charge and credit rates to classes of assets and liabilities, respectively, based on the estimated amount and timing of the cash flows for each transaction. Assigning the FTP rate based on matching the duration of cash flows allocates interest income and interest expense to each segment so its resulting net interest income is insulated from future changes in benchmark interest rates. The Bancorp’s FTP methodology also allocates the contribution to net interest income of the asset-generating and deposit-providing businesses on a duration-adjusted basis to better attribute the driver of the performance. As the asset and liability durations are not perfectly matched, the residual impact of the FTP methodology is captured in General Corporate and Other. The charge and credit rates are determined using the FTP rate curve, which is based on an estimate of Fifth Third’s marginal borrowing cost in the wholesale funding markets. The FTP curve is constructed using the U.S. swap curve, brokered CD pricing and unsecured debt pricing.

The Bancorp adjusts the FTP charge and credit rates as dictated by changes in interest rates for various interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and by the review of behavioral assumptions, such as prepayment rates on interest-earning assets and the estimated durations for indeterminate-lived deposits. Key assumptions, including the credit rates provided for deposit accounts, are reviewed annually. Credit rates for deposit products and charge rates for loan products may be reset more frequently in response to changes in market conditions.

Refer to Note 31 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information about the Bancorp’s FTP process and other allocation methodologies.

In January 2025, the Bancorp realigned its reporting structure and moved certain business banking customer relationships and relationship management personnel to the Consumer and Small Business Banking segment from the Commercial Banking segment to improve alignment of customer acquisition and servicing resources with customer product and service demand. In conjunction with this change, the loans, deposits and operating results associated with the affected business banking customer relationships were reclassified from the Commercial Banking segment to the Consumer and Small Business Banking segment effective January 1, 2025, along with $73 million of associated goodwill. This change was applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. The following table summarizes the impacts of the movements from the Commercial Banking segment to the Consumer & Small Business Banking segment for the years ended December 31:

($ in millions)202420232022
Net interest income (FTE)$103 13574
Income before income taxes (FTE)6810543
Average assets714686660

The following is a description of each of the Bancorp’s segments and the products and services they provide to their respective client bases.

Commercial Banking offers credit intermediation, cash management and financial services to large and middle-market businesses and government and professional customers. In addition to the traditional lending and depository offerings, Commercial Banking products and services include global cash management, foreign exchange and international trade finance, derivatives and capital markets services, asset-based lending, real estate finance, public finance, commercial leasing and syndicated finance.

Consumer and Small Business Banking provides a full range of deposit and loan products to individuals and small businesses through a network of full-service banking centers and relationships with indirect and correspondent loan originators in addition to providing products designed to meet the specific needs of small businesses, including cash management services. Consumer and Small Business Banking includes the Bancorp’s residential mortgage, home equity loans and lines of credit, credit cards, automobile and other indirect lending, solar energy installation and other consumer lending activities. Residential mortgage activities include the origination, retention and servicing of residential mortgage loans, sales and securitizations of those loans and all associated hedging activities. Indirect lending activities include extending loans to consumers through automobile dealers, motorcycle dealers, powersport dealers, recreational vehicle dealers and marine dealers. Solar energy installation loans and certain other consumer loans are originated through a network of contractors and installers.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Wealth and Asset Management provides a full range of wealth management solutions for individuals, companies and not-for-profit organizations, including wealth planning, investment management, banking, insurance, trust and estate services. These offerings include retail brokerage services for individual clients, advisory services for institutional clients including middle market businesses, non-profits, states and municipalities, and wealth management strategies and products for high net worth and ultra-high net worth clients.

The following tables present the results of operations and average assets by segment for the three months ended:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Commercial
Banking		Consumer
and Small Business
Banking		Wealth
and Asset
Management
General
Corporate
and Other(c)
Total
Net interest income (FTE)(a)
$595 1,085 57 (237)1,500 
Provision for (benefit from) credit losses79 84 (2)12 173 
Net interest income after provision for (benefit from) credit losses
$516 1,001 59 (249)1,327 
Noninterest income:

Wealth and asset management revenue$— 66 100 — 166 
Commercial payments revenue132 22 — (2)152 
Consumer banking revenue— 146 1 — 147 
Capital markets fees89 1 — — 90 
Commercial banking revenue78 1 — — 79 
Mortgage banking net revenue— 56 — — 56 
Other noninterest income22 1 — 21 44 
Securities gains, net— — — 16 16 
Total noninterest income$321 293 101 35 750 
Noninterest expense:

Compensation and benefits$151 230 55 262 698 
Technology and communications3 8 — 115 126 
Net occupancy expense9 54 3 17 83 
Equipment expense8 13 — 20 41 
Marketing expense1 31 — 11 43 
Loan and lease expense8 21 — 7 36 
Card and processing expense3 19 — — 22 
Other noninterest expense(b)
270 270 37 (362)215 
Total noninterest expense$453 646 95 70 1,264 
Income (loss) before income taxes (FTE)(a)
$384 648 65 (284)813 
Average assets$78,309 55,696 4,855 71,694 210,554 
(a)Includes FTE adjustments of $3 for Commercial Banking and $2 for General Corporate and Other.
(b)Includes segment expenses which are classified as other noninterest expense and allocations of corporate and shared services expenses.
(c)General Corporate and Other is not a reportable segment and is presented for reconciliation purposes.




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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)Commercial
Banking		Consumer
and Small Business
Banking		Wealth
and Asset
Management
General
Corporate
and Other(c)
Total
Net interest income (FTE)(a)
$634 1,081 54 (376)1,393 
Provision for (benefit from) credit losses137 70 — (110)97 
Net interest income after provision for (benefit from) credit losses$497 1,011 54 (266)1,296 
Noninterest income:

Wealth and asset management revenue$1 62 96 — 159 
Commercial payments revenue132 22 — — 154 
Consumer banking revenue— 138 1 — 139 
Capital markets fees91 1 1 — 93 
Commercial banking revenue89 1 — — 90 
Mortgage banking net revenue— 50 — — 50 
Other noninterest income14 1 — (8)7 
Securities gains (losses), net(7)— — 10 3 
Total noninterest income$320 275 98 2 695 
Noninterest expense:

Compensation and benefits$153 229 52 222 656 
Technology and communications3 8 — 103 114 
Net occupancy expense8 54 3 18 83 
Equipment expense7 13 — 18 38 
Marketing expense1 19 — 14 34 
Loan and lease expense6 22 — 5 33 
Card and processing expense2 19 — — 21 
Other noninterest expense(b)
265 274 38 (335)242 
Total noninterest expense$445 638 93 45 1,221 
Income (loss) before income taxes (FTE)(a)
$372 648 59 (309)770 
Average assets$76,912 51,837 4,283 79,443 212,475 
(a)Includes FTE adjustments of $4 for Commercial Banking and $2 for General Corporate and Other.
(b)Includes segment expenses which are classified as other noninterest expense and allocations of corporate and shared services expenses.
(c)General Corporate and Other is not a reportable segment and is presented for reconciliation purposes.
































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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
The following tables present the results of operations and average assets by segment for the six months ended:
June 30, 2025 ($ in millions)Commercial
Banking		Consumer and Small Business
Banking		Wealth
and Asset
Management
General
Corporate
and Other(c)
Total
Net interest income (FTE)(a)
$1,147 2,060 106 (371)2,942 
Provision for (benefit from) credit losses159 168 (2)22 347 
Net interest income after provision for (benefit from) credit losses$988 1,892 108 (393)2,595 
Noninterest income:

Wealth and asset management revenue$1 132 205 — 338 
Commercial payments revenue265 41 1 (2)305 
Consumer banking revenue— 282 1 1 284 
Capital markets fees178 1 1 (1)179 
Commercial banking revenue157 2 1 — 160 
Mortgage banking net revenue— 112 1 — 113 
Other noninterest income28 3 1 26 58 
Securities gains (losses), net(7)— — 14 7 
Total noninterest income$622 573 211 38 1,444 
Noninterest expense:

Compensation and benefits$329 465 117 536 1,447 
Technology and communications7 15 — 228 250 
Net occupancy expense18 108 7 38 171 
Equipment expense16 29 — 37 82 
Marketing expense2 50 — 19 71 
Loan and lease expense14 39 1 12 66 
Card and processing expense6 36 1 — 43 
Other noninterest expense(b)
572 553 77 (764)438 
Total noninterest expense$964 1,295 203 106 2,568 
Income (loss) before income taxes (FTE)(a)
$646 1,170 116 (461)1,471 
Average assets$78,125 55,054 4,757 72,620 210,556 
(a)Includes FTE adjustments of $6 for Commercial Banking and $4 for General Corporate and Other.
(b)Includes segment expenses which are classified as other noninterest expense and allocations of corporate and shared services expenses.
(c)General Corporate and Other is not a reportable segment and is presented for reconciliation purposes.

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Fifth Third Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
June 30, 2024 ($ in millions)Commercial
Banking		Consumer and Small Business BankingWealth
and Asset
Management
General
Corporate
and Other(c)
Total
Net interest income (FTE)(a)
$1,298 2,232 112 (859)2,783 
Provision for (benefit from) credit losses208 154 — (171)191 
Net interest income after provision for (benefit from) credit losses$1,090 2,078 112 (688)2,592 
Noninterest income:

Wealth and asset management revenue$2 121 197 — 320
Commercial payments revenue255 43 — — 298 
Consumer banking revenue— 273 1 1 275 
Capital markets fees188 1 1 — 190 
Commercial banking revenue173 1 — — 174 
Mortgage banking net revenue— 104 — — 104 
Other noninterest income30 3 1 (2)32 
Securities gains (losses), net(6)— — 19 13 
Total noninterest income$642 546 200 18 1,406 
Noninterest expense:

Compensation and benefits$339 466 114 490 1,409 
Technology and communications8 14 — 209 231 
Net occupancy expense18 107 6 39 170 
Equipment expense14 26 — 36 76 
Marketing expense1 42 — 23 66 
Loan and lease expense12 39 — 11 62 
Card and processing expense4 37 1 (1)41 
Other noninterest expense(b)
540 558 74 (665)507 
Total noninterest expense$936 1,289 195 142 2,562 
Income (loss) before income taxes (FTE)(a)
$796 1,335 117 (812)1,436 
Average assets$77,163 51,600 4,348 79,728 212,839 
(a)Includes FTE adjustments of $8 for Commercial Banking and $4 for General Corporate and Other.
(b)Includes segment expenses which are classified as other noninterest expense and allocations of corporate and shared services expenses.
(c)General Corporate and Other is not a reportable segment and is presented for reconciliation purposes.

20. Subsequent Event
On July 18, 2025, the Bancorp entered into an accelerated share repurchase transaction with a counterparty pursuant to which the Bancorp paid $300 million on July 21, 2025 to repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock. The Bancorp is repurchasing the shares of its common stock as part of its 100 million share repurchase program previously approved by the Board on June 13, 2025. The Bancorp expects the settlement of the transaction to occur on or before September 29, 2025.

120
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Legal Proceedings (Item 1)
Refer to Note 14 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 for information regarding legal proceedings.

Risk Factors (Item 1A)
There have been no material changes made during the second quarter of 2025 to any of the risk factors as previously disclosed in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds (Item 2)
Refer to the “Capital Management” section within Management’s Discussion and Analysis in Part I, Item 2 for information regarding purchases and sales of equity securities by the Bancorp during the second quarter of 2025.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities (Item 3)
None.

Mine Safety Disclosures (Item 4)
Not applicable.

Other Information (Item 5)
None.
121
Table of Contents
Exhibits (Item 6)
3.1
Amended Articles of Incorporation of Fifth Third Bancorp. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 7, 2021.
3.2
Code of Regulations of Fifth Third Bancorp, as Amended as of December 12, 2023. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 18, 2023.
10.1
2025 Restricted Stock Unit Grant Agreement (for Directors).*
10.2
Fifth Third Bancorp 2024 Amended Incentive Compensation Plan.*
31(i)
Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer.
31(ii)
Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer.
32(i)
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Executive Officer.
32(ii)
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by Chief Financial Officer.
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
*Denotes management contract or compensation plan or arrangement.
122


Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Fifth Third Bancorp
Registrant

Date: August 5, 2025
/s/ Bryan D. Preston
Bryan D. Preston
Executive Vice President
Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer & Principal Financial Officer)
123

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