Companies: 11,396     total market cap: $150.079 T
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First Internet Bancorp
INBK
#8843
Rank
$0.22 B
Marketcap
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
Country
$25.40
Share price
-1.09%
Change (1 day)
39.64%
Change (1 year)
๐Ÿ’ณ Financial services
Categories
  1. First Internet Bancorp
  2. Quarterly Reports (10-Q)
  3. Financial Year FY2026 Q3

First Internet Bancorp - 10-Q quarterly report FY2026 Q3


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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
☑QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period ended September 30, 2026
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period From ________ to ________.
 
Commission File Number 001-35750 
First Internet Bancorp
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Indiana20-3489991
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
8701 East 116th Street
Fishers, IN
46038
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(317) 532-7900
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolsName of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, without par valueINBKThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
6.0% Fixed to Floating Subordinated Notes due 2029INBKZThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes þ No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer ¨
Accelerated Filer þ
Non-accelerated Filer ¨
Smaller Reporting Company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No þ
 
As of October 30, 2026, the registrant had 8,733,574 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.


Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
  
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These statements are not historical facts, but rather statements based on the current expectations of First Internet Bancorp and its consolidated subsidiaries (the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) regarding our business strategies, intended results and future performance, including without limitation statements concerning the financial condition, results of operations, trends in lending policies and loan programs, plans and prospective business partnerships, objectives, future performance and business of the Company. Forward-looking statements are generally preceded by terms such as “anticipate,” “attempt,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “objective,” “optimistic,” “pending,” “plan,” “position,” “potential,” “preliminary,” “remain,” “scale,” “should,” “will,” “would” or other similar expressions. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties including without limitation: our business and operations and the business and operations of our vendors and customers; general economic conditions, whether national or regional, and conditions in the lending markets in which we participate that may have an adverse effect on the demand for our loans and other products (including the effects of inflationary pressures, changes in interest rates, slowdowns in economic growth, the impact of tariffs and trade policies, and the potential for high unemployment rates, as well as the financial stress on borrowers and changes to customer and client behavior and credit risk as a result of the foregoing); our credit quality and related levels of nonperforming assets and loan losses, and the value and salability of collateral for our loans; failures or breaches of or interruptions in the communication and information systems on which we rely to conduct our business that could reduce our revenues, increase our costs or lead to disruptions in our business; our dependence on capital distributions from First Internet Bank of Indiana (the “Bank”); results of examinations of us by our regulators, including the possibility that our regulators may, among other things, require us to increase our allowance for credit losses or to write-down assets; changing bank regulatory conditions, policies or programs, whether arising as new legislation or regulatory initiatives, that could lead to restrictions on activities of banks generally, or the Bank in particular; more restrictive regulatory capital requirements; increased costs, including deposit insurance premiums; regulation or prohibition of government-guaranteed lending or other income producing activities or changes in the secondary market for loans and other products; changes in market rates and prices that may adversely impact the value of securities, loans, deposits and other financial instruments and the interest rate sensitivity of our balance sheet; our liquidity requirements being adversely affected by changes in our assets and liabilities; the effect of legislative or regulatory developments, including changes in laws concerning taxes, banking, securities, insurance and other aspects of the financial services industry; potential impacts of adverse developments in the banking industry, including impacts on customer confidence, deposit outflows, liquidity and the regulatory response thereto; inaccuracies or other failures from the use of models, including the failure of assumptions and estimates, as well as differences in, and changes to, economic, market and credit conditions; potential claims, damages, penalties, fines, costs and reputational damage resulting from pending or future litigation, regulatory proceedings and enforcement actions; competitive factors among financial services organizations, including product and pricing pressures and our ability to attract, develop and retain qualified banking professionals; the growth and profitability of noninterest or fee income being less than expected; the loss of any key members of senior management; the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and other regulatory agencies; the effect of fiscal and governmental policies of the United States federal government; the pace and success of portfolio management initiatives, including planned run-off of certain loan portfolios; the ability to realize anticipated benefits from fintech partnerships; and the potential for goodwill impairment charges if there is any significant unfavorable change in the Company’s forecasted operating results. Additional factors that may affect our results include those discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Risk Factors” and in subsequent reports filed with the SEC. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. The factors listed above could affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from any opinions or statements expressed with respect to future periods in any current statements.

Except as required by law, we do not undertake, and specifically disclaim any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions that may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.
i

PART I

ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

First Internet Bancorp
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands except share data)
September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
(Unaudited)
Assets
Cash and due from banks$5,977 $6,145 
Interest-bearing deposits646,297 450,632 
Total cash and cash equivalents652,274 456,777 
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $886,554 and $802,422 in 2026 and 2025, respectively)
843,108 778,687 
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses of $0.1 million and $0.1 million in 2026 and 2025, respectively, (fair value of $228,694 and $238,815 in 2026 and 2025, respectively)
255,934 250,609 
Loans held-for-sale34,855 108,608 
Loans3,863,984 3,746,728 
Allowance for credit losses - loans(57,361)(55,686)
Net loans3,806,623 3,691,042 
Accrued interest receivable28,565 27,909 
Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis stock28,350 28,350 
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance43,492 42,559 
Premises and equipment, net64,538 67,934 
Goodwill4,687 4,687 
Servicing asset, at fair value23,620 22,793 
Other real estate owned4,141 2,631 
Accrued income and other assets97,816 89,061 
Total assets$5,888,003 $5,571,647 
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits$159,051 $146,879 
Interest-bearing deposits4,993,715 4,692,934 
Total deposits5,152,766 4,839,813 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank239,500 249,500 
Subordinated debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $1,994 and $1,535 in 2026 and 2025, respectively
123,506 105,465 
Accrued interest payable1,298 1,744 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities16,525 15,358 
Total liabilities5,533,595 5,211,880 
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders’ equity
Preferred stock, no par value; 4,913,779 shares authorized; issued and outstanding - none
— — 
Voting common stock, no par value; 45,000,000 shares authorized; 8,733,574 and 8,686,994 shares issued and outstanding in 2026 and 2025, respectively
188,065 186,577 
Nonvoting common stock, no par value; 86,221 shares authorized; issued and outstanding - none
— — 
Retained earnings201,399 193,320 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(35,056)(20,130)
Total shareholders’ equity354,408 359,767 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$5,888,003 $5,571,647 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1

First Internet Bancorp
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations – Unaudited
(Amounts in thousands except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2026202520262025
Interest income
Loans$62,656 $68,958 $184,188 $198,305 
Securities – taxable10,772 8,614 30,216 26,139 
Securities – non-taxable621 652 1,904 1,967 
Other earning assets5,982 6,164 16,169 15,692 
Total interest income80,031 84,388 232,477 242,103 
Interest expense
Deposits41,080 50,134 121,759 144,554 
Other borrowed funds4,209 3,902 11,939 14,111 
Total interest expense45,289 54,036 133,698 158,665 
Net interest income34,742 30,352 98,779 83,438 
Provision for credit losses - loans12,148 34,393 42,262 60,110 
Benefit for credit losses - debt securities held to maturity(18)— (41)(32)
(Benefit) provision for credit losses - off-balance sheet commitments(501)396 (872)252 
Net interest income (loss) after provision for credit losses23,113 (4,437)57,430 23,108 
Noninterest income (loss)
Service charges and fees1,391 369 3,347 912 
Loan servicing revenue2,824 2,055 8,533 6,017 
Loan servicing asset revaluation(961)(1,332)(3,600)(3,666)
Gain (loss) on sale of loans4,792 (27,103)16,859 (16,783)
Other1,153 1,364 4,263 4,857 
Total noninterest income (loss)9,199 (24,647)29,402 (8,663)
Noninterest expense
Salaries and employee benefits14,761 14,384 41,567 38,358 
Marketing, advertising and promotion733 482 2,054 1,831 
Consulting and professional services960 979 3,412 3,143 
Data processing713 651 2,262 1,942 
Loan expenses2,392 1,850 6,680 4,901 
Premises and equipment3,654 3,572 11,048 9,968 
Deposit insurance premium1,660 1,584 4,758 4,546 
Other2,384 1,957 6,625 6,127 
Total noninterest expense27,257 25,459 78,406 70,816 
Income (loss) before income taxes5,055 (54,543)8,426 (56,371)
Income tax provision (benefit)236 (12,950)(1,269)(15,914)
Net income (loss)$4,819 $(41,593)$9,695 $(40,457)
Income (loss) per share of common stock
Basic$0.55 $(4.76)$1.11 $(4.63)
Diluted$0.54 $(4.76)$1.10 $(4.63)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
Basic8,762,827 8,742,052 8,750,511 8,730,519 
Diluted8,865,954 8,742,052 8,821,890 8,730,519 
Dividends declared per share$0.06 $0.06 $0.18 $0.18 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
2

First Internet Bancorp
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss – Unaudited
(Amounts in thousands)
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2026202520262025
Net income (loss)$4,819 $(41,593)$9,695 $(40,457)
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Securities available-for-sale
Net unrealized holding (losses) gains recorded within other comprehensive (loss) income before income tax(18,215)4,454 (19,711)12,114 
Income tax (benefit) provision (4,190)1,027 (4,533)2,788 
Net effect on other comprehensive (loss) income (14,025)3,427 (15,178)9,326 
Securities held-to-maturity
Amortization of net unrealized holding losses on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity113 180 333 432 
Income tax provision 27 44 81 109 
Net effect on other comprehensive income86 136 252 323 
Total other comprehensive (loss) income (13,939)3,563 (14,926)9,649 
Comprehensive loss$(9,120)$(38,030)$(5,231)$(30,808)
 
 See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements





3

First Internet Bancorp
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity - Unaudited
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025
(Amounts in thousands except share and per share data)
Voting and
Nonvoting
Common
Stock		Retained
Earnings		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss		Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Balance, January 1, 2026$186,577 $193,320 $(20,130)$359,767 
Net income— 9,695 — 9,695 
     Other comprehensive loss— — (14,926)(14,926)
Dividends declared ($0.18 per share)
— (1,616)— (1,616)
Recognition of the fair value of share-based compensation1,654 — — 1,654 
Deferred stock rights and restricted stock units issued in lieu of cash dividends payable on outstanding deferred stock rights and restricted stock units5 — — 5 
Common stock redeemed for the net settlement of share-based awards(171)— — (171)
Balance, September 30, 2026$188,065 $201,399 $(35,056)$354,408 
Balance, January 1, 2025$186,094 $230,622 $(32,653)$384,063 
Net loss— (40,457)— (40,457)
Other comprehensive income— — 9,649 9,649 
Dividends declared ($0.18 per share)
— (1,601)— (1,601)
Recognition of the fair value of share-based compensation733 — — 733 
Deferred stock rights and restricted stock units issued in lieu of cash dividends payable on outstanding deferred stock rights and restricted stock units5 — — 5 
Common stock redeemed for the net settlement of share-based awards(224)— — (224)
Balance, September 30, 2025$186,608 $188,564 $(23,004)$352,168 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4




First Internet Bancorp
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity - Unaudited
Three Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
Voting and
Nonvoting
Common
Stock		Retained
Earnings		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss		Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Balance, July 1, 2026$187,545 $197,119 $(21,117)$363,547 
Net income— 4,819 — 4,819 
Other comprehensive loss— — (13,939)(13,939)
Dividends declared ($0.06 per share)
— (539)— (539)
Recognition of the fair value of share-based compensation515 — — 515 
Deferred stock rights and restricted stock units issued in lieu of cash dividends payable on outstanding deferred stock rights and restricted stock units5 — — 5 
Balance, September 30, 2026$188,065 $201,399 $(35,056)$354,408 
Balance, July 1, 2025$186,116 $230,690 $(26,567)$390,239 
Net loss— (41,593)— (41,593)
Other comprehensive income— — 3,563 3,563 
Dividends declared ($0.06 per share)
— (533)— (533)
Recognition of the fair value of share-based compensation490 — — 490 
Deferred stock rights and restricted stock units issued in lieu of cash dividends payable on outstanding deferred stock rights and restricted stock units2 — — 2 
Balance, September 30, 2025$186,608 $188,564 $(23,004)$352,168 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
5

First Internet Bancorp
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Unaudited
(Amounts in thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20262025
Operating activities
Net income (loss)$9,695 $(40,457)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization5,706 5,230 
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance(933)(862)
Provision for credit losses 41,349 60,330 
Share-based compensation expense1,654 733 
Loans originated for sale(163,688)(430,086)
Proceeds from sale of loans249,872 381,503 
(Gain) loss on loans sold(16,859)16,783 
Loss (gain) on sale of other real estate owned15 (19)
Gain on derivatives— (106)
Loan servicing asset revaluation3,600 3,666 
Net change in accrued income and other assets(2,371)(13,115)
Net change in accrued expenses and other liabilities1,197 (3,874)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities129,237 (20,274)
Investing activities
Net loan activity, excluding purchases(141,986)(295,966)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned1,162 547 
Maturities and calls of securities available-for-sale122,792 97,804 
Purchase of securities available-for-sale(208,697)(125,713)
Maturities and calls of securities held-to-maturity28,813 22,103 
Purchase of securities held-to-maturity(33,844)(33,629)
Purchase of premises and equipment(364)(940)
Loans purchased(18,543)(47,674)
Net proceeds from sale of portfolio loans— 799,297 
Other investing activities(2,020)(9,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(252,687)406,615 
Financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in deposits312,953 (17,772)
Cash dividends paid(1,568)(1,571)
Retirement of subordinated debt(2,000)— 
Net proceeds from issuance of subordinated debt19,774 — 
Proceeds from advances from Federal Home Loan Bank— 104,500 
Repayment of advances from Federal Home Loan Bank(10,000)(150,000)
Other, net(212)(247)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities318,947 (65,090)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents195,497 321,251 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period456,777 466,410 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$652,274 $787,661 
Supplemental disclosures
Cash paid during the period for interest134,144 159,924 
Cash (received) paid during the period for taxes(2,086)258 
Loans transferred to other real estate owned2,686 2,058 
Loans transferred to held-for-sale from portfolio— 863,766 
Cash dividends declared, paid in subsequent period524 523 


See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
6

First Internet Bancorp
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited
(Table amounts in thousands except share and per share data)
  
Note 1:        Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, or cash flows in accordance with GAAP. In our opinion, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2026 or any other period. The September 30, 2026 condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the First Internet Bancorp Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
 
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments, or assumptions that could have a material effect on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the disclosures provided. The Company utilizes processes that involve the use of significant estimates and the judgment of management in determining the amount of the Company’s allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) and changes in any of these could have a significant impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First Internet Bancorp (the “Company”), its wholly owned subsidiary, First Internet Bank of Indiana (the “Bank”), and the Bank’s three wholly owned subsidiaries, First Internet Public Finance Corp., JKH Realty Services, LLC and SPF15, Inc. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
The Company is subject to claims and lawsuits that arise primarily in the ordinary course of business. It is the opinion of management that the disposition or ultimate resolution of such claims and lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company.


7

Note 2:        Earnings (Loss) Per Share
 
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock are based on the weighted-average number of basic shares and dilutive shares outstanding during the period.
 
The following is a reconciliation of the weighted-average common shares for the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share computations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025. 
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)2026202520262025
Basic earnings (loss) per share
Net income (loss)$4,819 $(41,593)$9,695 $(40,457)
Weighted-average common shares8,762,827 8,742,052 8,750,511 8,730,519 
Basic earnings (loss) per common share$0.55 $(4.76)$1.11 $(4.63)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
Net income (loss)$4,819 $(41,593)$9,695 $(40,457)
Weighted-average common shares8,762,827 8,742,052 8,750,511 8,730,519 
Dilutive effect of equity compensation103,127 — 71,379 — 
     Weighted-average common and incremental shares8,865,954 8,742,052 8,821,890 8,730,519 
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share 1
$0.54 $(4.76)$1.10 $(4.63)

1 Potential dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of diluted EPS in the periods where the effect would be antidilutive. There were no antidilutive shares for the three months ended September 30, 2026. Excluded from the computation of diluted EPS were weighted-average antidilutive shares totaling 3,269 for the nine months ended September 30, 2026. Since the Company was in a loss position for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, basic net loss is the same as diluted net loss per share, as the inclusion of all potential shares of common stock outstanding would have been anti-dilutive.
8

Note 3:         Securities
 
The following tables summarize securities available-for-sale (“AFS”) and securities held-to-maturity (“HTM”) as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026
Amortized CostGross UnrealizedFair Value
(amounts in thousands)GainsLosses
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$50,426 $430 $(1,051)$49,805 
Municipal securities56,941 — (6,356)50,585 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential 1
440,756 529 (30,304)410,981 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial56,468 66 (1,442)55,092 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential121,790 1 (2,934)118,857 
Asset-backed securities82,133 18 (891)81,260 
Corporate securities78,040 178 (1,690)76,528 
Total available-for-sale$886,554 $1,222 $(44,668)$843,108 


September 30, 2026
Amortized CostGross UnrealizedFair ValueAllowance for Credit LossesNet Carrying Value
(amounts in thousands)GainsLosses
Securities held-to-maturity
Municipal securities$9,831 $— $(966)$8,865 $(3)$9,828 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential226,083 1 (24,165)201,919 — 226,083 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial5,580 — (1,222)4,358 — 5,580 
Corporate securities14,500 — (948)13,552 (57)14,443 
Total held-to-maturity$255,994 $1 $(27,301)$228,694 $(60)$255,934 

1 Includes $0.1 million of additional premium related to terminated interest rate swaps associated with agency mortgage-backed securities - residential as of September 30, 2026.

December 31, 2025
Amortized CostGross UnrealizedFair Value
(amounts in thousands)GainsLosses
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$64,298 $480 $(1,014)$63,764 
Municipal securities64,777 17 (1,408)63,386 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential 1
409,718 841 (21,102)389,457 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial59,112 202 (837)58,477 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential124,264 234 (825)123,673 
Asset-backed securities
42,492 100 (39)42,553 
Corporate securities37,761 346 (730)37,377 
Total available-for-sale$802,422 $2,220 $(25,955)$778,687 


9

December 31, 2025
Amortized CostGross UnrealizedFair ValueAllowance for Credit LossesNet Carrying Value
(amounts in thousands)GainsLosses
Securities held-to-maturity
Municipal securities$11,009 $1 $(459)$10,551 $(3)$11,006 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential213,530 1,834 (11,649)203,715 — 213,530 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial5,635 — (915)4,720 — 5,635 
Corporate securities20,536 — (707)19,829 (98)20,438 
Total held-to-maturity$250,710 $1,835 $(13,730)$238,815 $(101)$250,609 

1 Includes $0.2 million of additional premium related to terminated interest rate swaps associated with agency mortgage-backed securities - residential as of December 31, 2025.

Accrued interest receivable on AFS and HTM securities at September 30, 2026 was $3.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively, compared to $3.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 2025, and is included in accrued interest receivable on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company elected to exclude all accrued interest receivable from securities when estimating credit losses.

At September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, approximately 85% and 84%, respectively, of mortgage-backed securities (including both AFS and HTM) held by the Company are issued by U.S. government-sponsored entities and agencies. These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government and have a long history of no credit losses; therefore, the Company did not record an ACL on these securities.

Additionally, the Company evaluated credit impairment for individual AFS securities that are in an unrealized loss position and determined that the unrealized losses are unrelated to credit quality and are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and volatility in the financial markets. As the Company does not intend to sell the AFS securities that are in an unrealized loss position, and it is unlikely that it will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, the Company did not record an ACL on these securities.

The Company also evaluated its HTM securities that are in an unrealized loss position and considered issuer bond ratings, historical loss rates for bond ratings and economic forecasts. The ACL on HTM securities was $0.1 million at both September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The carrying value of securities at September 30, 2026 is shown below by their contractual maturity date. Actual maturities will differ because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Available-for-Sale
(amounts in thousands)Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value
Within one year$4,025 $3,997 
One to five years26,398 25,707 
Five to ten years114,992 108,869 
After ten years39,992 38,345 
185,407 176,918 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential440,756 410,981 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial56,468 55,092 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential121,790 118,857 
Asset-backed securities82,133 81,260 
Total$886,554 $843,108 


10

Held-to-Maturity
(amounts in thousands)Amortized
Cost		Fair
Value
Within one year$645 $641 
One to five years10,645 10,434 
Five to ten years12,992 11,293 
After ten years49 49 
24,331 22,417 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential226,083 201,919 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial5,580 4,358 
Total$255,994 $228,694 

No AFS securities were sold during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025. As such, the Company did not realize any gains or losses related to the sale of AFS securities during either time period.

Certain investments in debt securities are reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements at an amount less than their historical cost. The total fair value of these investments at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 was $926.0 million and $611.2 million, which was approximately 84% and 59%, respectively, of the Company’s AFS and HTM securities portfolios. As of September 30, 2026, the Company’s security portfolio consisted of 646 positions, of which 564 were in an unrealized loss position. As of December 31, 2025, the Company’s security portfolio consisted of 618 positions, of which 395 were in an unrealized loss position. The unrealized losses are related to the categories noted below.

U. S. Government-Sponsored Agencies, Municipal Securities and Corporate Securities

The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in securities issued by U.S. Government-sponsored agencies, municipal organizations and corporate entities were caused primarily by interest rate changes. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost basis of the investments. The Company does not intend to sell the investments, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments, before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity.
 
Agency Mortgage-Backed, Private Label Mortgage-Backed Securities and Asset-Backed Securities
 
The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in agency mortgage-backed, private label mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities were caused primarily by interest rate changes. The Company expects to recover the amortized cost basis over the terms of the securities. The Company does not intend to sell the investments, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments, before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be upon maturity.

11

The following tables show the securities portfolio’s gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
(amounts in thousands)Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$1,239 $(7)$19,895 $(1,044)$21,134 $(1,051)
Municipal securities24,074 (1,746)25,511 (4,610)49,585 (6,356)
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential195,924 (3,722)140,299 (26,582)336,223 (30,304)
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial13,889 (383)23,051 (1,059)36,940 (1,442)
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential105,729 (1,962)12,349 (972)118,078 (2,934)
     Asset-backed securities70,256 (891)— — 70,256 (891)
Corporate securities51,150 (1,115)14,425 (575)65,575 (1,690)
Total$462,261 $(9,826)$235,530 $(34,842)$697,791 $(44,668)


December 31, 2025
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
(amounts in thousands)Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Unrealized
Losses
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$3,600 $(20)$33,849 $(994)$37,449 $(1,014)
Municipal securities2,301 — 42,515 (1,408)44,816 (1,408)
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential
67,177 (190)186,453 (20,912)253,630 (21,102)
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial2,981 (22)25,915 (815)28,896 (837)
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential75,924 (191)6,533 (634)82,457 (825)
Asset-backed securities
21,413 (39)— — 21,413 (39)
Corporate securities3,698 (52)14,322 (678)18,020 (730)
Total$177,094 $(514)$309,587 $(25,441)$486,681 $(25,955)



12

The following tables summarize ratings for the Company’s HTM portfolio as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
September 30, 2026
(amounts in thousands)Municipal SecuritiesMortgage-Backed Securities - ResidentialMortgage-Backed Securities - CommercialCorporate SecuritiesTotal
AAA equivalent - agency$— $226,083 $5,580 $— $231,663 
Aa1/AA+5,869 — — — 5,869 
Aa2/AA2,170 — — — 2,170 
Aa3/AA-1,792 — — — 1,792 
A3/A-— — — 5,000 5,000 
Baa1/BBB+— — — 5,000 5,000 
Baa2/BBB— — — 2,000 2,000 
Baa3/BBB-— — — 2,500 2,500 
   Total$9,831 $226,083 $5,580 $14,500 $255,994 


December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)Municipal SecuritiesMortgage-Backed Securities - ResidentialMortgage-Backed Securities - CommercialCorporate SecuritiesTotal
AAA equivalent - agency$— $213,530 $5,635 $— $219,165 
Aa1/AA+7,046 — — — 7,046 
Aa2/AA2,170 — — — 2,170 
Aa3/AA-1,793 — — — 1,793 
A3/A-— — — 5,000 5,000 
Baa1/BBB+— — — 5,000 5,000 
Baa2/BBB— — — 4,000 4,000 
Baa3/BBB-— — — 4,536 4,536 
Ba1/BB+— — — 2,000 2,000 
   Total$11,009 $213,530 $5,635 $20,536 $250,710 


Equity Investments

Equity investments, largely comprised of non-marketable equity investments, are generally accounted for under equity security accounting and are included within accrued income and other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s non-marketable equity investments consist of limited partner interests in venture capital and Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) funds. After the initial commitment and over the course of the investment period, the Company will make capital contributions and receive a proportional share of profit and return of capital distributions as a result of fund performance until the funds wind down. While the partnership agreements allow the Company to remove the general partner, this right is not considered to be substantive as the general partner can only be removed for cause. All of these investments are generally non-redeemable and distributions are generally expected to be received through the liquidation of the underlying investments throughout the life of the investment fund. Investments may only be sold or transferred subject to the notice and approval provisions of the underlying investment agreements.

The following tables provide additional information related to equity investments accounted for under equity security accounting.

The carrying amount of each equity investment with a readily determinable fair value or net asset value at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is reflected in the following table:

13

(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
GenOpp Financial Fund LP$3,176 $2,876 
Total$3,176 $2,876 

The carrying amount of the Company’s investments in non-marketable equity securities with no readily determinable fair value and amounts recognized in earnings on a cumulative basis at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is reflected in the following table:

(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
Carrying value1
$38,553 $38,611 
Carrying value adjustments— — 
Impairment— — 
Upward changes for observable prices— — 
Downward changes for observable prices— — 
Total$38,553 $38,611 

1 Excludes $13.8 million and $14.6 million in unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.


Variable Interest Entities

The above investments meet the criteria of a VIE. However, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the entities as it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from unconsolidated VIEs includes the value of the investment recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and unfunded commitment. The Company believes the potential for loss from these investments is remote, the maximum exposure for the affordable housing investment was determined by assuming a scenario where related tax credits were recaptured.

The following tables provides a summary of VIEs that the Company has not consolidated as September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

September 30, 2026
(amounts in thousands)Carrying AmountMaximum Exposure to LossLiability RecognizedClassification
Private equity and venture capital funds$14,442 $19,332 $— 
Other assets (1)
Pooled investment vehicle3,176 3,176 — 
Other assets (2)
SBIC7,292 13,000 — 
Other assets (3)
Affordable housing6,819 13,307 — 
Other assets (4)
Non-marketable and other equity investments10,000 10,000 — 
Other assets (5)


December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)Carrying AmountMaximum Exposure to LossLiability RecognizedClassification
Private equity and venture capital funds$13,685 $20,208 $— 
Other assets (6)
Pooled investment vehicle2,876 2,876 — 
Other assets (7)
SBIC7,292 13,000 — 
Other assets (8)
Affordable housing7,634 12,519 — 
Other assets (9)
Non-marketable and other equity investments10,000 10,000 — 
Other assets (10)

(1) Maximum exposure to loss includes $14.4 million of current investments and $4.9 million in unfunded commitments.
(2) Maximum exposure to loss includes $3.2 million of current investments.
(3) Maximum exposure to loss includes $7.3 million of current investments and $5.7 million in unfunded commitments.
(4) Maximum exposure to loss includes $6.8 million of current investments, $3.2 million in unfunded commitments and a scenario in which related tax credits of $3.3 million are recaptured, totaling $13.3 million.
(5) Maximum exposure to loss includes $10.0 million of current investments.
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(6) Maximum exposure to loss includes $13.7 million of current investments and $6.0 million in unfunded commitments.
(7) Maximum exposure to loss includes $2.9 million of current investments.
(8) Maximum exposure to loss includes $7.3 million of current investments and $5.7 million in unfunded commitments.
(9) Maximum exposure to loss includes $7.6 million of current investments, $2.4 million in unfunded commitments and a scenario in which related tax credits of $2.5 million are recaptured, totaling $12.5 million.
(10) Maximum exposure to loss includes $10.0 million of current investments.

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Note 4:        Loans

Loan balances as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are summarized in the table below. Categories of loans include:

(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$237,667 $221,714 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate50,082 48,575 
Investor commercial real estate753,690 647,394 
Construction400,302 372,668 
Single tenant lease financing308,594 222,925 
Public finance430,381 442,234 
Healthcare finance112,406 139,469 
Small business lending 1
439,335 430,024 
Franchise finance330,626 417,045 
Total commercial loans3,063,083 2,942,048 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage319,972 343,110 
Home equity16,186 14,725 
Other consumer loans446,307 425,458 
Total consumer loans782,465 783,293 
Total commercial and consumer loans3,845,548 3,725,341 
Net deferred loan origination costs, premiums and discounts on purchased loans, and other2
18,436 21,387 
Total loans3,863,984 3,746,728 
Allowance for credit losses(57,361)(55,686)
Net loans$3,806,623 $3,691,042 

1 Balances include $60.0 million and $52.2 million that are guaranteed by the U.S. government as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

2 Includes carrying value adjustment of $16.4 million and $19.1 million related to terminated interest rate swaps associated with public finance loans as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. 

During the third quarter 2026, the Company purchased a portfolio of embedded finance loans which are included in the commercial and industrial loan category for approximately $16.3 million. Certain loans within the acquired portfolio were classified as purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”); however, the PCD loans were not material to the Company’s overall loan portfolio or allowance for credit losses and therefore are not separately presented. The allowance associated with the PCD loans is separately identified in the allowance for credit losses rollforward because it was established through the initial gross-up of the acquired loans rather than through provision expense.

The general risk characteristics specific to each loan portfolio segment are as follows:

Commercial and Industrial: Commercial and industrial loans’ sources of repayment are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Loans are made for working capital, equipment purchases, or other purposes. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed and may incorporate a personal guarantee. This portfolio segment is generally concentrated in the Midwest and Southwest regions of the United States.

Additionally, certain specialized lending activities included within commercial and industrial include wealth advisory lending, equipment finance and embedded finance, which are conducted nationwide. Wealth advisory loans are typically made to experienced registered investment advisors to finance practice acquisitions or support the growth of an existing practice. Equipment finance loans primarily finance titled vehicles and essential-use transportation
16

equipment. Embedded finance loans are made to small businesses for working capital purposes and are originated through programs with the Company’s fintech partners. The sources of repayment for these specialized lending activities are primarily based on the identified cash flows from operations of the borrower and related entities and secondarily on the assets being financed and underlying collateral provided by the borrower as well as a personal guarantee.

Owner-Occupied Commercial Real Estate: The primary source of repayment is the cash flow from the ongoing operations and activities conducted by the borrower, or an affiliate of the borrower, who owns the property. This portfolio segment is generally concentrated in the Midwest and Southwest regions of the United States and its loans are often secured by manufacturing and service facilities.

Investor Commercial Real Estate: These loans are made on a nationwide basis and are underwritten primarily based on the cash flow expected to be generated from the property and are secondarily supported by the value of the real estate. These loans typically incorporate a personal guarantee from the primary sponsor or sponsors. This portfolio segment generally involves larger loan amounts with repayment primarily dependent on the successful leasing and operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Investor commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by changing economic conditions in the real estate markets, industry dynamics or the overall health of the local economy where the property is located. The properties securing the Company’s investor commercial real estate portfolio tend to be diverse in terms of property type. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on property financial performance, collateral value, guarantor strength, economic and industry conditions together with other risk grade criteria. As a general rule, the Company avoids financing special use projects unless other underwriting factors are present to mitigate these additional risks.

Construction: Construction loans are made on a nationwide basis and are secured by land and related improvements and are made to assist in the construction of new structures, which may include commercial (retail, industrial, office, and multi-family) properties, land development for residential properties or single family residential properties offered for sale by the builder. These loans generally finance a variety of project costs, including land, site preparation, architectural services, construction, closing and soft costs and interim financing needs. The cash flows of builders, while initially predictable, may fluctuate with market conditions, and the value of the collateral securing these loans may be subject to fluctuations based on general economic changes.

Single Tenant Lease Financing: These loans are made on a nationwide basis to owners of real estate subject to long-term lease arrangements with single tenant operators. The real estate is typically operated by regionally, nationally or globally branded businesses. The loans are underwritten based on the financial strength of the borrower, characteristics of the real estate, cash flows generated from the lease arrangements and the financial strength of the tenant. Similar to the other loan portfolio segments, management monitors and evaluates these loans based on borrower and tenant financial performance, collateral value, industry trends and other risk grade criteria.

Public Finance: These loans are made on a nationwide basis to governmental and not-for-profit entities to provide both tax-exempt and taxable loans for a variety of purposes including: short-term cash-flow needs; debt refinancing; economic development; quality of life projects; infrastructure improvements; renewable energy projects; and equipment financing. The primary sources of repayment for public finance loans include pledged revenue sources including but not limited to: general obligations; property taxes; income taxes; tax increment revenue; utility revenue; gaming revenues; sales tax; and pledged general revenue. Certain loans may also include an additional collateral pledge of mortgaged property or a security interest in financed equipment.

Healthcare Finance: These loans are made on a nationwide basis to healthcare providers, primarily dentists, for practice acquisition financing or refinancing that occasionally includes owner-occupied commercial real estate and equipment purchases. The sources of repayment are primarily based on the identified cash flows from operations of the borrower and related entities and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower.

Small Business Lending: These loans are made on a nationwide basis to small businesses and generally carry a partial guaranty from the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) under its 7(a) loan program. We generally sell the government guaranteed portion of SBA loans into the secondary market while retaining the non-guaranteed portion of the loan and the servicing rights. Loans in the small business lending portfolio have sources of repayment that are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on any underlying collateral provided by the borrower. Loans may, but do not always, have a collateral shortfall. For SBA loans where the guaranteed portion is retained, the SBA guaranty provides a tertiary source of repayment to the Bank in the event of borrower default. Cash
17

flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Loans are made for a broad array of purposes including, but not limited to, providing operating cash flow, funding ownership changes, and facilitating equipment and commercial real estate purchases.

Franchise Finance: These loans are made on a nationwide basis with financing options for new franchise units, recapitalization, expansion, equipment and working capital. The sources of repayment are either based on identified cash flows from existing operations of the borrower or pro forma cash flow for new franchise locations.

Residential Mortgage: With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-to-4 family residences and are generally owner occupied, the Company typically establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the financial circumstances of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in residential property values. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers in geographically diverse locations throughout the country.

Home Equity: Home equity loans and lines of credit are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-to-4 family residences. Repayment of these loans and lines of credit is primarily dependent on the financial circumstances of the borrowers and may be impacted by changes in unemployment levels and property values on residential properties, among other economic conditions in the market. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers in geographically diverse locations throughout the country.

Other Consumer: These loans primarily consist of consumer loans and credit cards. Consumer loans may be secured by consumer assets such as horse trailers or recreational vehicles. Some consumer loans are unsecured, such as small installment loans, home improvement loans and certain lines of credit. Repayment of consumer loans is primarily dependent upon the personal income of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas such as unemployment levels. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers in geographically diverse locations throughout the country.

ACL Methodology

The ACL for loans represents management's estimate of all expected credit losses over the expected life of the Company’s existing loan portfolio. Management estimates the ACL balance using relevant available information about the collectability of cash flows, from internal and external sources, including historical information relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. When the Company is unable to forecast future economic events, management may revert to historical information.

The Company's methodologies incorporate a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period with a one-year straight line reversion to the long-term historical average for most segments.

The ACL methodology may also consider other adjustments to address changes in conditions, trends, and circumstances such as local industry changes that could have a significant impact on the risk profile of the loan portfolio and provide for adjustments that may not be reflected and/or captured in the historical loss data. These factors include: lending policies, imprecision in forecasting future economic conditions, loan profile, lending staff, problem loan trends, loan review, collateral, credit concentration, or other internal and external factors. The Company includes these as qualitative adjustments to the ACL which include, but are not limited to:

•Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collections, charge-offs and recovery practices
•Changes in international, national, regional and local economic conditions
•Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans
•Changes in the experience, depth and ability of lending management
•Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans and other similar conditions
•Changes in the quality of the Company’s loan review system
•Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans
•The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the levels of such concentrations
•The effect of other external factors (e.g. competition, legal and regulatory requirements) on the level of estimated credit losses
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The ACL is measured on a collective or pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The Company segments its portfolio generally by Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council ("FFIEC") Call Report codes that align with its lines of business. Additional sub-segmentation has not been utilized to identify groups of loans with unique risk characteristics relative to the rest of the portfolio.

Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. These evaluations are typically performed on loans with a deteriorated internal risk rating. The ACL is determined based on several methods, including estimating the fair value of the underlying collateral or the present value of expected cash flows.

Modified Loans to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

The Company may make modifications to certain loans in order to alleviate temporary difficulties in the borrower’s financial condition and/or constraints on the borrower’s ability to repay the loan, and to minimize potential losses to the Company. Modifications may include changes in the amortization terms of the loan, other-than-insignificant payment delays, reductions in interest rates, acceptance of interest only payments, and/or reductions to the outstanding loan balance. Such loans may be placed on nonaccrual status when there is doubt concerning the full repayment of principal and interest or the loan has been delinquent for a period of 90 days or more. These loans may be returned to accrual status when all contractual amounts past due have been brought current, and the borrower’s performance under the modified terms of the loan agreement and the ultimate collectability of all contractual amounts due under the modified terms is no longer in doubt. The Company typically measures the ACL on modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty on an individual basis when the loans are deemed to no longer share risk characteristics that are similar with other loans in the portfolio. The calculation of the ACL for these loans is based on a discounted cash flow approach for both those measured collectively and individually, unless the loan is deemed collateral dependent, which requires measurement of the ACL based on the estimated expected fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell.

Provision for Credit Losses
 
A provision for estimated losses on loans is charged to income based upon management’s evaluation of the potential losses. Such an evaluation, which includes a review of all loans for which full repayment may not be reasonably assured, considers, among other matters, the estimated net realizable value of the underlying collateral, as applicable, economic conditions, loan loss experience, and other factors that are particularly susceptible to changes that could result in a material adjustment in the near term. While management attempts to use the best information available in making its evaluations, future ACL adjustments may be necessary if conditions change substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations.
 
Policy for Charging Off Loans
 
The Company’s policy is to charge off a loan at any point in time when it no longer can be considered a bankable asset, meaning collectible within the parameters of policy. Commercial loans are generally charged off when management determines they are uncollectible. Consumer loans are generally charged off when they reach a specified level of delinquency, unless they are well secured and in the process of collection.

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The following tables present changes in the balance of the ACL during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025. 

(amounts in thousands)Three Months Ended September 30, 2026
Allowance for credit losses:Balance, Beginning of Period
Allowance on acquired PCD loans 1
Provision (Credit) Charged to ExpenseCharge-OffsRecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial
$1,860 $141 $2,469 $(1,471)$18 $3,017 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate283 — (71)— — 212 
Investor commercial real estate2,360 — (268)— — 2,092 
Construction2,741 — (573)— — 2,168 
Single tenant lease financing1,052 — (216)— — 836 
Public finance384 — (19)— — 365 
Healthcare finance324 — (43)— — 281 
Small business lending25,135 — 6,531 (3,943)261 27,984 
Franchise finance14,055 — 4,209 (2,788)401 15,877 
Residential mortgage1,985 — 52 (56)1 1,982 
Home equity32 — (1)— 2 33 
Other consumer loans2,885 — 78 (519)70 2,514 
Total$53,096 $141 $12,148 $(8,777)$753 $57,361 

1 The allowance established on acquired PCD loans was recorded through the acquisition-date gross-up of the acquired loans rather than through provision expense and was not material to the Company's total allowance for credit losses.

(amounts in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026
Allowance for credit losses:Balance, Beginning of Period
Allowance on acquired PCD loans 1
Provision (Credit) Charged to ExpenseLosses
Charged Off		RecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial $1,942 $141 $2,818 $(1,918)$34 $3,017 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate264 — (52)— — 212 
Investor commercial real estate2,255 — (163)— — 2,092 
Construction2,446 — (278)— — 2,168 
Single tenant lease financing816 — 20 — — 836 
Public finance411 — (46)— — 365 
Healthcare finance605 — (286)(38)— 281 
Small business lending27,796 — 17,711 (18,380)857 27,984 
Franchise finance14,028 — 21,780 (20,541)610 15,877 
Residential mortgage2,142 — (25)(138)3 1,982 
Home equity38 — (9)— 4 33 
Other consumer loans2,943 — 792 (1,430)209 2,514 
Total$55,686 $141 $42,262 $(42,445)$1,717 $57,361 

1 The allowance established on acquired PCD loans was recorded through the acquisition-date gross-up of the acquired loans rather than through provision expense and was not material to the Company's total allowance for credit losses.
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(amounts in thousands)Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Allowance for credit losses:Balance, Beginning of Period(Credit) Provision Charged to ExpenseCharge-OffsRecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial$1,907 $(40)$(93)$2 $1,776 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate472 (186)— — 286 
Investor commercial real estate1,609 1,106 — — 2,715 
Construction1,771 179 — — 1,950 
Single tenant lease financing4,446 (3,794)— — 652 
Public finance522 (93)— — 429 
Healthcare finance1,199 (482)— — 717 
Small business lending13,722 29,634 (15,883)635 28,108 
Franchise finance13,082 10,094 (5,385)64 17,855 
Residential mortgage1,923 268 (17)— 2,174 
Home equity92 (54)— 2 40 
Other consumer loans5,772 (2,239)(374)62 3,221 
Total$46,517 $34,393 $(21,752)$765 $59,923 

(amounts in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Allowance for loan losses:Balance, Beginning of PeriodProvision (Credit) Charged to ExpenseLosses
Charged Off		RecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial$1,265 $598 $(93)$6 $1,776 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate528 (242)— — 286 
Investor commercial real estate1,149 1,566 — — 2,715 
Construction1,984 (34)— — 1,950 
Single tenant lease financing4,782 (4,130)— — 652 
Public finance703 (274)— — 429 
Healthcare finance1,412 (695)— — 717 
Small business lending16,161 42,542 (31,403)808 28,108 
Franchise finance8,976 22,268 (13,471)82 17,855 
Residential mortgage2,136 59 (28)7 2,174 
Home equity106 (71)— 5 40 
Other consumer loans5,567 (1,477)(1,046)177 3,221 
Total$44,769 $60,110 $(46,041)$1,085 $59,923 

Accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $23.1 million at both September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. The Company made the accounting policy election to not measure an ACL for accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest deemed uncollectible will be written off through interest income.

In addition to the ACL, the Company maintains a reserve for off-balance sheet commitments, classified in other liabilities. This reserve is at a level management believes to be sufficient to absorb losses arising from unfunded loan commitments. The adequacy of the reserve for unfunded commitments is determined quarterly based on methodology similar to the methodology for determining the ACL. The following tables detail activity in the (benefit) provision for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026.

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(amounts in thousands)Balance
June 30, 2026		(Benefit) Provision for Credit LossesBalance
September 30, 2026
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$191 $(2)$189 
Investor commercial real estate46 (10)36 
Construction1,922 (495)1,427 
Single tenant lease financing2 (2)— 
Small business lending53 8 61 
Total commercial loans2,214 (501)1,713 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$2,214 $(501)$1,713 

(amounts in thousands)Balance
December 31, 2025		(Benefit) Provision for Credit LossesBalance
September 30, 2026
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$177 $12 $189 
Investor commercial real estate36 — 36 
Construction2,259 (832)1,427 
Single tenant lease financing1 (1)— 
Small business lending112 (51)61 
Total commercial loans2,585 (872)1,713 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$2,585 $(872)$1,713 

The following tables detail activity in the (benefit) provision for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.

(amounts in thousands)Balance
June 30, 2025		(Benefit) Provision for Credit LossesBalance
September 30, 2025
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$199 $(4)$195 
Investor commercial real estate33 24 57 
Construction1,757 291 2,048 
Single tenant lease financing5 (4)1 
Small business lending1 90 91 
Total commercial loans1,995 397 2,392 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage1 (1)— 
Total consumer loans1 (1)— 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$1,996 $396 $2,392 

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(amounts in thousands)Balance
December 31, 2024		(Benefit) Provision for Credit LossesBalance
September 30, 2025
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$233 $(38)$195 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate11 (11)— 
Investor commercial real estate1 56 57 
Construction1,568 480 2,048 
Single tenant lease financing19 (18)1 
Small business lending263 (172)91 
Total commercial loans2,095 297 2,392 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage1 (1)— 
Home equity35 (35)— 
Other consumer loans9 (9)— 
Total consumer loans
45 (45)— 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments
$2,140 $252 $2,392 


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The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its commercial loans, which are evaluated annually. A description of the general characteristics of the risk grades is as follows:
 
•“Pass” - Higher quality loans that do not fit any of the other categories described below.

•“Special Mention” - Loans that possess some potential credit deficiency or weakness, which deserve close attention.

•“Substandard” - Loans that possess a defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Loans characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.

•“Doubtful” - Such loans have been placed on nonaccrual status and may be heavily dependent upon collateral possessing a value that is difficult to determine or based upon some near-term event that lacks clear certainty. These loans have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard; however, based on existing conditions, these weaknesses make full collection of the principal balance highly improbable.

The Company does not risk grade its consumer loans. It classifies them as either performing or nonperforming. Below is a description of those classifications:

•“Performing” - Loans that are accruing and full collection of principal and interest is expected.

•“Nonperforming” - Loans that are 90 days delinquent or for which the full collection of principal and interest may be in doubt.


24


The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s commercial and consumer loan portfolios by loan class and by year of origination for the years indicated based on rating category and payment activity as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
September 30, 2026
Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year)Revolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to term
(amounts in thousands)20262025202420232022PriorTotal
Commercial and industrial
  Pass$68,419 $81,521 $13,599 $4,715 $6,779 $13,823 $32,240 $— $221,096 
  Special Mention 53 487 239 — 578 4,228 10,071 — 15,656 
  Substandard— 559 238 118 — — — — 915 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total commercial and
     industrial		68,472 82,567 14,076 4,833 7,357 18,051 42,311 — 237,667 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs165 1,621 99 — — 33 — — 1,918 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate
  Pass6,701 4,022 6,001 1,017 5,027 17,192 — — 39,960 
  Special Mention — — — — — 8,494 — — 8,494 
  Substandard— — — — — 1,628 — — 1,628 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total owner-occupied
     commercial real estate		6,701 4,022 6,001 1,017 5,027 27,314 — — 50,082 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Investor commercial real estate
  Pass99,022 66,962 72,350 210,045 139,748 60,779 — — 648,906 
  Special Mention — — — 64,869 36,188 3,727 — — 104,784 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total investor commercial real
     estate		99,022 66,962 72,350 274,914 175,936 64,506 — — 753,690 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Construction
  Pass23,037 181,523 141,211 28,614 1,876 1,400 1,166 — 378,827 
  Special Mention — — — — 21,475 — — — 21,475 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total construction23,037 181,523 141,211 28,614 23,351 1,400 1,166 — 400,302 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Single tenant lease financing
  Pass107,538 141,145 1,633 995 10,194 23,057 — — 284,562 
  Special Mention — 1,164 — — 17,178 5,690 — — 24,032 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total single tenant lease
     financing		107,538 142,309 1,633 995 27,372 28,747 — — 308,594 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Public finance
  Pass37,358 33,100 6,502 — 4,857 347,609 — — 429,426 
  Special Mention — — — — — 955 — — 955 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total public finance37,358 33,100 6,502 — 4,857 348,564 — — 430,381 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
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September 30, 2026
Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year)Revolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to term
(amounts in thousands)
20262025202420232022PriorTotal
Healthcare finance
  Pass252 — — — — 111,332 — — 111,584 
  Special Mention — — — — — 692 — — 692 
  Substandard— — — — — 130 — — 130 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total healthcare finance252 — — — — 112,154 — — 112,406 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — 38 — — 38 
Small business lending
  Pass49,103 132,569 86,342 53,720 18,108 15,264 34,823 — 389,929 
  Special Mention 84 1,585 4,309 4,523 470 1,205 2,082 — 14,258 
  Substandard6 8,593 9,537 7,307 1,583 974 7,148 — 35,148 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total small business lending49,193 142,747 100,188 65,550 20,161 17,443 44,053 — 439,335 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs567 4,727 7,091 5,564 112 319 — — 18,380 
Franchise finance
  Pass— 647 47,687 128,086 87,300 16,202 — — 279,922 
  Special Mention 93 465 615 7,866 9,017 — — — 18,056 
  Substandard— — — 13,479 14,518 3,851 — — 31,848 
  Doubtful— — — 800 — — — — 800 
     Total franchise finance93 1,112 48,302 150,231 110,835 20,053 — — 330,626 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — 2,082 4,889 4,883 8,687 — — 20,541 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage
    Performing1,275 5,490 6,109 9,891 149,508 141,916 — — 314,189 
    Nonperforming— — — 138 3,708 1,937 — — 5,783 
      Total residential mortgage1,275 5,490 6,109 10,029 153,216 143,853 — — 319,972 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — 86 52 — — 138 
Home equity
    Performing2,800 — — 499 701 724 10,178 1,284 16,186 
    Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
      Total home equity2,800 — — 499 701 724 10,178 1,284 16,186 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Other consumer loans
    Performing89,903 86,974 72,084 63,851 61,433 71,202 731 — 446,178 
    Nonperforming— 57 34 — 32 6 — — 129 
      Total other consumer loans89,903 87,031 72,118 63,851 61,465 71,208 731 — 446,307 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs62 217 204 416 176 355 — — 1,430 
Total Loans$485,644 $746,863 $468,490 $600,533 $590,278 $854,017 $98,439 $1,284 $3,845,548 
Total year-to-date gross charge-offs$794 $6,565 $9,476 $10,869 $5,257 $9,484 $— $— $42,445 













26




December 31, 2025
Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year)Revolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to term
(amounts in thousands)20252024202320222021PriorTotal
Commercial and industrial
  Pass$91,592 $18,608 $6,984 $10,450 $530 $14,152 $60,071 $— $202,387 
  Special Mention 177 256 — 4,746 4,237 — 9,671 — 19,087 
  Substandard64 38 138 — — — — — 240 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total commercial and
     industrial		91,833 18,902 7,122 15,196 4,767 14,152 69,742 — 221,714 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs94 59 — — — — — — 153 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate
  Pass4,159 6,202 1,421 5,174 4,155 15,966 — — 37,077 
  Special Mention — — — — 852 8,991 — — 9,843 
  Substandard— — — — — 1,655 — — 1,655 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total owner-occupied
     commercial real estate		4,159 6,202 1,421 5,174 5,007 26,612 — — 48,575 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Investor commercial real estate
  Pass61,333 80,798 195,528 179,155 91,708 35,141 — — 643,663 
  Special Mention — — — — — 3,731 — — 3,731 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total investor commercial real
     estate		61,333 80,798 195,528 179,155 91,708 38,872 — — 647,394 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Construction
  Pass65,190 147,941 132,835 23,114 — 2,042 1,546 — 372,668 
  Special Mention — — — — — — — — — 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total construction65,190 147,941 132,835 23,114 — 2,042 1,546 — 372,668 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Single tenant lease financing
  Pass144,764 1,370 1,007 10,377 2,021 29,524 — — 189,063 
  Special Mention — — — 18,628 4,168 9,401 — — 32,197 
  Substandard— — — — — 1,665 — — 1,665 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total single tenant lease
     financing		144,764 1,370 1,007 29,005 6,189 40,590 — — 222,925 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Public finance
  Pass44,077 11,119 — 5,301 10,385 369,442 — — 440,324 
  Special Mention — — — — — 1,910 — — 1,910 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total public finance44,077 11,119 — 5,301 10,385 371,352 — — 442,234 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
27

December 31, 2025
Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year)Revolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to term
(amounts in thousands)20252024202320222021PriorTotal
Healthcare finance
  Pass— — — — 7,317 128,623 — — 135,940 
  Special Mention — — — — — 933 — — 933 
  Substandard— — — — — 2,596 — — 2,596 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total healthcare finance— — — — 7,317 132,152 — — 139,469 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Small business lending
  Pass152,566 103,270 62,754 21,651 7,851 13,779 27,048 — 388,919 
  Special Mention — 7,519 5,276 514 — 1,475 1,953 — 16,737 
  Substandard— 5,838 11,637 1,315 270 1,416 3,892 — 24,368 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total small business lending152,566 116,627 79,667 23,480 8,121 16,670 32,893 — 430,024 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs400 16,668 17,755 2,821 1,087 919 — — 39,650 
Franchise finance
  Pass718 56,732 172,080 120,012 29,064 — — — 378,606 
  Special Mention 510 628 3,351 6,972 — — — — 11,461 
  Substandard— 1,281 6,831 10,877 7,989 — — — 26,978 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total franchise finance1,228 58,641 182,262 137,861 37,053 — — — 417,045 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— 370 7,664 9,576 4,144 — — — 21,754 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage
    Performing4,770 6,271 10,901 163,760 78,631 73,883 — — 338,216 
    Nonperforming— — — 2,721 597 1,576 — — 4,894 
      Total residential mortgage4,770 6,271 10,901 166,481 79,228 75,459 — — 343,110 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — 75 — — — — 75 
Home equity
    Performing— — 628 1,009 187 761 11,330 810 14,725 
    Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
      Total home equity— — 628 1,009 187 761 11,330 810 14,725 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Other consumer loans
    Performing98,688 85,148 77,999 72,978 26,284 63,224 903 — 425,224 
    Nonperforming— 96 84 9 34 11 — — 234 
      Total other consumer loans98,688 85,244 78,083 72,987 26,318 63,235 903 — 425,458 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs79 279 491 189 31 388 — — 1,457 
Total Loans$668,608 $533,115 $689,454 $658,763 $276,280 $781,897 $116,414 $810 $3,725,341 
Total year-to-date gross charge-offs$573 $17,376 $25,910 $12,661 $5,262 $1,307 $— $— $63,089 
28


The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio delinquency, including nonperforming loans, as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025. 

September 30, 2026
(amounts in thousands)30-59
Days
Past Due		60-89
Days
Past Due		90 Days 
or More
Past Due		Total 
Past Due		CurrentTotal
Loans
Commercial and industrial$718 $852 $1,103 $2,673 $234,994 $237,667 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — — — 50,082 50,082 
Investor commercial real estate— — — — 753,690 753,690 
Construction— — — — 400,302 400,302 
Single tenant lease financing— — — — 308,594 308,594 
Public finance— — — — 430,381 430,381 
Healthcare finance564 — 130 694 111,712 112,406 
Small business lending5,198 639 14,473 20,310 419,025 439,335 
Franchise finance3,538 3,903 20,604 28,045 302,581 330,626 
Residential mortgage2,651 1,862 2,199 6,712 313,260 319,972 
Home equity— — — — 16,186 16,186 
Other consumer loans304 153 57 514 445,793 446,307 
Total$12,973 $7,409 $38,566 $58,948 $3,786,600 $3,845,548 





December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)30-59
Days
Past Due		60-89
Days
Past Due		90 Days 
or More
Past Due		Total 
Past Due		CurrentTotal
Loans
Commercial and industrial$515 $200 $— $715 $220,999 $221,714 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — — — 48,575 48,575 
Investor commercial real estate— — — — 647,394 647,394 
Construction— — — — 372,668 372,668 
Single tenant lease financing— — — — 222,925 222,925 
Public finance— — — — 442,234 442,234 
Healthcare finance— — 1,150 1,150 138,319 139,469 
Small business lending20,325 4,277 9,445 34,047 395,977 430,024 
Franchise finance11,641 1,110 24,912 37,663 379,382 417,045 
Residential mortgage— 3,079 4,622 7,701 335,409 343,110 
Home equity— — — — 14,725 14,725 
Other consumer loans243 102 141 486 424,972 425,458 
Total$32,724 $8,768 $40,270 $81,762 $3,643,579 $3,725,341 


Loans are reclassified to a non-accruing status when, in management’s judgment, the collateral value and financial condition of the borrower do not justify accruing interest. At the time the accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against earnings. Interest income accrued in prior years, if any, is charged to the allowance for credit losses. Payments subsequently received on nonaccrual loans are applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable, typically after a minimum of nine consecutive months of performance.
29

The following table summarizes the Company’s nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by loan class for the periods indicated:

September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)Nonaccrual LoansNonaccrual Loans with No Allowance for Credit LossesTotal Loans
90 Days or
More Past
Due and
Accruing		Nonaccrual LoansNonaccrual Loans with No Allowance for Credit LossesTotal Loans
90 Days or
More Past
Due and
Accruing
Commercial and industrial$606 $305 $682 $240 $— $— 
Single tenant lease financing— — — 1,665 — — 
Healthcare finance130 130 — 2,596 2,596 — 
Small business lending 1
24,872 23,511 21 19,781 18,928 — 
Franchise finance30,837 800 — 26,978 4,463 1,144 
Residential mortgage5,780 5,780 — 4,893 4,893 1,007 
Other consumer loans128 128 — 234 234 — 
Total loans$62,353 $30,654 $703 $56,387 $31,114 $2,151 
1 Balance includes $19.2 million and $13.6 million at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of loans guaranteed by the U.S. government.

Interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans was $0.3 million and $0.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, respectively, and $0.1 million and $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively.

Determining fair value for collateral dependent loans requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor, which includes selling costs if applicable, to the value. The fair value of real estate is generally based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The appraisers typically determine the value of the real estate by utilizing an income or market valuation approach. If an appraisal is not available, the fair value may be determined by using a cash flow analysis. Fair value on other collateral such as business assets is typically ascertained by assessing, either singularly or some combination of, asset appraisals, accounts receivable aging reports, inventory listings and/or customer financial statements.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026
(amounts in thousands)Commercial Real EstateResidential Real EstateOther (Includes Equipment, Machinery and Other Assets)TotalAllowance on Collateral Dependent Loans
Commercial and industrial$100 $— $— $100 $36 
Healthcare finance— 130 — 130 — 
Small business lending 1
9,678 — 3,302 12,980 359 
Residential mortgage— 5,780 — 5,780 — 
Other consumer loans— — 128 128 — 
Total loans$9,778 $5,910 $3,430 $19,118 $395 

1 Balance includes $7.9 million of loans guaranteed by the U.S. government.

30

December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)Commercial Real EstateResidential Real EstateOther (Includes Equipment, Machinery and Other Assets)TotalAllowance on Collateral Dependent Loans
Owner-occupied commercial real estate$1,654 $— $— $1,654 $— 
Small business lending 1
6,732 — 7,681 14,413 411 
Residential mortgage— 4,893 — 4,893 — 
Other consumer loans— — 234 234 — 
Total loans$8,386 $4,893 $7,915 $21,194 $411 

1 Balance includes $8.5 million of loans guaranteed by the U.S. government.

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
The Company may agree to modify the contractual terms of a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty as a part of ongoing loss mitigation strategies. These modifications may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions and other actions intended to minimize loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

The Company had sixteen loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended September 30, 2026. The Company had thirty-one loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the nine months ended September 30, 2026. The Company had one loan modification made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended September 30, 2025. The Company had ten loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

The following tables present loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2026
(dollars in thousands)Other-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayTerm ExtensionCombination - Other-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotal Modification by Loan Class% of Class of Loans
Commercial and industrial$243 $— $— $243 0.1 %
Small business lending1,096 868 1,795 3,759 0.9 %
Franchise finance8,246 — — 8,246 2.5 %
Total$9,585 $868 $1,795 $12,248 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands)Other-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay
Total Modification by Loan Class
% of Class of Loans
Franchise finance$562 $562 0.1 %
Total
$562 $562 








31

The following table presents loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026
(dollars in thousands)Other-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayTerm ExtensionCombination - Other-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotal Modification by Loan Class% of Class of Loans
Commercial and industrial$245 $— $— $245 0.1 %
Small business lending1,096 1,946 5,632 8,674 2.0 %
Franchise finance8,860 — — 8,860 2.7 %
Residential mortgage— 95 — 95 — %
Total$10,201 $2,041 $5,632 $17,874 


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands)
Other-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay
Total Modification by Loan Class
% of Class of Loans
Commercial and industrial
$386 $386 0.2 %
Single tenant lease financing
4,6724,6724.3 %
Healthcare finance2,6102,6101.7 %
Small business lending
3,0133,0130.8 %
Franchise finance5625620.1 %
Total
$11,243 $11,243 

The following tables summarize the financial impacts of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods presented. There were no financial impacts of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.


Three Months Ended September 30, 2026
Weighted Average Term Extension (in Months)
Small business lending
108

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026
Weighted Average Term Extension (in Months)
     Small business lending109
Residential mortgage7

The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of loans that were modified within the twelve months ended September 30, 2026.

Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2026
(amounts in thousands)Current30 - 89 Days
 Past Due		90+ Days
Past Due
Commercial and industrial$127 $— $118 
Healthcare finance— — 130 
Small business lending8,304 370 20 
Franchise finance8,860 — — 
Residential mortgage95 — — 
Total$17,386 $370 $268 

32

The following table presents the loans that were modified during the preceding twelve months and subsequently defaulted during the period.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2026
(dollars in thousands)Other-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayTerm ExtensionCombination - Other-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotal
Commercial and industrial$118 $— $— $118 
Small business lending— — 125 125 
Total$118 $— $125 $243 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026
(dollars in thousands)Other-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayTerm ExtensionCombination - Other-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotal
Commercial and industrial$118 $— $— $118 
Healthcare finance130 — — 130 
Small business lending73 — 125 198 
Total$321 $— $125 $446 

At September 30, 2025, there were no loans that defaulted after being modified during the preceding twelve months.

Other Real Estate Owned

The Company had $4.1 million in other real estate owned (“OREO”) as of September 30, 2026, which consisted of one residential property, three small business lending properties, and one single tenant lease financing property. The Company had $2.6 million in OREO as of December 31, 2025, which consisted of three small business lending properties. There were seven loans totaling $1.6 million and eight loans totaling $2.5 million, in the process of foreclosure at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

33


Note 5:        Premises and Equipment
 
The following table summarizes premises and equipment at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
Land$5,598 $5,598 
Construction in process— 17 
Right of use leased asset9 88 
Building and improvements63,316 63,382 
Furniture and equipment23,144 22,818 
Less: accumulated depreciation(27,529)(23,969)
Total$64,538 $67,934 
   

Note 6:        Goodwill        
 
As of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the carrying amount of goodwill was $4.7 million. There have been no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 or September 30, 2025. Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually as of August 31, or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist. When assessing goodwill for impairment, first, a qualitative assessment can be made to determine whether it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its estimated carrying value. If the results of the qualitative assessment are not conclusive, a quantitative goodwill test is performed. Alternatively, a quantitative goodwill test can be performed without performing a qualitative assessment.

Goodwill was assessed for impairment using a quantitative test performed as of August 31, 2026. The estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the net carrying value, and therefore no goodwill impairment existed as of that date. However, there is a risk for impairment in the event of declines in general economic, market or business conditions and the resultant effect on forecasted growth rates, or any significant unfavorable change in the Company’s forecasted operations resulting from elevated levels of net charge-offs in the franchise finance and small business lending portfolios. If current and long-term projections decrease materially, the Company may be required to recognize impairment charges, which could be material to the results of operations.


Note 7:        Servicing Asset

Activity for the servicing asset and the related changes in fair value for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 are shown in the tables below.

Three Months Ended
(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026September 30, 2025
Balance, beginning of period$23,180 $16,736 
  Additions:
     Originated 1
1,401 6,703 
  Subtractions:
     Paydowns(1,548)(903)
     Changes in fair value due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions used in
     the valuation model 		587 (429)
Loan servicing asset revaluation$(961)$(1,332)
Balance, end of period$23,620 $22,107 

1 Balance includes $3.8 million of originated servicing asset related to the sale of single tenant lease financing loans that was completed during the three months ended September 30, 2025.
34

Nine Months Ended
(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026September 30, 2025
Balance, beginning of period$22,793 $16,389 
  Additions:
     Originated 1
4,427 9,384 
  Subtractions:
     Paydowns(4,789)(2,714)
     Changes in fair value due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions used in
     the valuation model		1,189 (952)
      Loan servicing asset revaluation$(3,600)$(3,666)
Balance, end of period$23,620 $22,107 

1 Balance includes $3.8 million of originated servicing asset related to the sale of single tenant lease financing loans that was completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.


Loans serviced for others are not included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The unpaid principal balances of these loans serviced for others as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are shown in the table below.

(amounts in thousands)September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
Loan portfolios serviced for:
   SBA guaranteed loans$1,216,623 $1,120,553 
Single tenant lease financing691,561 825,207 
     Total$1,908,184 $1,945,760 

Loan servicing revenue totaled $2.8 million and $8.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 respectively, and $2.1 million and $6.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Loan servicing asset revaluation, which represents the change in fair value of the servicing asset, resulted in a $1.0 million and $3.6 million downward valuation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, respectively, and $1.3 million and $3.7 million downward valuation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively.

The fair value of servicing rights is highly sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions. Though fluctuations in prepayment speeds and changes in secondary market premiums generally have the most substantial impact on the fair value of servicing rights, other influencing factors include changing economic conditions, changes to the discount rate assumption and the weighted average life of the servicing portfolio. Measurement of fair value is limited to the conditions existing and the assumptions used as of a particular point in time; however, those assumptions may change over time. Refer to Note 11 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further details.

Note 8:        Subordinated Debt
 
In June 2019, the Company issued $37.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.0% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) in a public offering. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a floating rate equal to three-month Term SOFR plus 4.376%. All interest on the 2029 Notes is payable quarterly. The 2029 Notes are scheduled to mature on June 30, 2029. The 2029 Notes are unsecured subordinated obligations of the Company and may be repaid at any time, without penalty. The 2029 Notes are intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital under regulatory guidelines.

35

In October 2020, the Company entered into a term loan in the principal amount of $10.0 million, evidenced by a term note due 2030 (the “2030 Note”). The 2030 Note initially accrued interest at a fixed rate of 6.0% per year to, but excluding, November 1, 2025 and thereafter at a floating rate equal to three-month Term SOFR plus 5.795%. The 2030 Note is an unsecured subordinated obligation of the Company and may be repaid, without penalty, on any interest payment date. The 2030 Note is intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital under regulatory guidelines. The Company used the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Note to redeem a subordinated term note that had been entered into in October 2015. Subsequent to September 30, 2026, the Company redeemed the 2030 Note in full, without penalty, with a redemption date of November 1, 2026 and payment of the redemption price made on November 2, 2026, using a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2036 Notes mentioned below.

In August 2021, the Company issued $60.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2031 (the “2031 Notes”) in a private placement. The 2031 Notes bear interest at a floating rate equal to three-month Term SOFR plus 3.11%. The 2031 Notes are scheduled to mature on September 1, 2031. The 2031 Notes are unsecured subordinated obligations of the Company and may be repaid, without penalty, on any interest payment date. The 2031 Notes are intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital under regulatory guidelines. The Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2031 Notes to redeem subordinated notes issued by the Company in 2016. Pursuant to the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the initial purchasers of the 2031 Notes, the Company offered to exchange the 2031 Notes for subordinated notes that are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and have substantially the same terms as the 2031 Notes. On December 30, 2021, we completed an exchange of $59.3 million principal amount of the unregistered 2031 Notes for registered 2031 Notes in satisfaction of our obligations under the registration rights agreement. Holders of $0.7 million of unregistered 2031 Notes did not participate in the exchange.

In September 2026, the Company issued $20.5 million aggregate principal amount of 8.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2036 (the “2036 Notes”) in a private placement. The 2036 Notes initially bear a fixed interest rate of 8.00% per year to, but excluding, September 15, 2031, and thereafter at a floating rate equal to the then-current benchmark rate (initially three-month Term SOFR) plus 3.735%. The 2036 Notes are scheduled to mature on September 15, 2036. The 2036 Notes are unsecured subordinated obligations of the Company and may be repaid, without penalty, on any interest payment date on or after September 15, 2031. The 2036 Notes are intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital under regulatory guidelines. The Company used the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2036 Notes to retire $2.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes and used $10.0 million of the net proceeds to redeem the 2030 Note in full, with a redemption date of November 1, 2026 and payment made on November 2, 2026. Under the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the initial purchasers of the 2036 Notes, the Company has agreed to take certain actions to provide for the exchange of the 2036 Notes for subordinated notes that are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and have substantially the same terms as the 2036 Notes.

The following table presents the principal balance and unamortized discount and debt issuance costs for the 2029 Notes, the 2030 Note, the 2031 Notes, and the 2036 Notes as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)PrincipalUnamortized Discount and Debt Issuance CostsPrincipalUnamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Costs
2029 Notes$35,000 $(404)$37,000 $(546)
2030 Note10,000 (96)10,000 (114)
2031 Notes60,000 (771)60,000 (875)
2036 Notes20,500 (723)— — 
Total$125,500 $(1,994)$107,000 $(1,535)



36

Note 9:        Benefit Plans
 
Employment Agreements
 
The Company is party to certain employment agreements with each of its Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Operating Officer, and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. The employment agreements each provide for annual base salaries and annual bonuses, if any, as determined from time to time by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors. The annual bonuses are to be determined with reference to the achievement of annual performance objectives established by the Compensation Committee. The agreements also provide that each of the Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Operating Officer, and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, may be awarded additional compensation, benefits, or consideration as the Compensation Committee may determine.

The agreements also provide for the continuation of salary and certain other benefits for a specified period of time upon termination of employment under certain circumstances, including resignation for “good reason,” termination by the Company without “cause” at any time or any termination of employment within twelve months following a “change in control,” along with other specific conditions.

2022 Equity Incentive Plan

The First Internet Bancorp 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”) was approved by our Board of Directors and ratified by our shareholders on May 16, 2022. The plan permits awards of incentive and non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, stock unit awards, performance awards and other stock-based awards. All employees, consultants and advisors of the Company or any subsidiary, as well as all non-employee directors of the Company, are eligible to receive awards under the 2022 Plan. The 2022 Plan initially authorized the issuance of 400,000 new shares of the Company’s common stock plus all shares of common stock that remained available for future grants under the First Internet Bancorp 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”).

Award Activity Under 2022 Plan

The Company recorded $0.5 million and $1.7 million of share-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, respectively, and $0.5 million and $0.9 million of share-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, related to stock-based awards under the 2022 Plan.

The following table summarizes the stock-based award activity under the 2022 Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2026.
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)Restricted Stock UnitsWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per ShareRestricted Stock AwardsWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per ShareDeferred Stock UnitsWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Unvested at December 31, 2025157,504 $27.97 16,009 $24.72 — $— 
   Granted111,953 21.30 16,912 23.82 — — 
   Cancelled/Forfeited(9,462)24.84 — — — — 
   Vested(39,417)27.28 (16,009)24.72 — — 
Unvested at September 30, 2026220,578 $25.08 16,912 $23.82 — $— 

At September 30, 2026, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based awards under the 2022 Plan was $2.7 million with a weighted-average expense recognition period of 1.7 years.

2013 Equity Incentive Plan
 
The 2013 Plan authorized the issuance of 750,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in the form of stock-based awards to employees, directors, and other eligible persons. No awards under the 2013 Plan remain outstanding and our authority to grant new awards under the 2013 Plan terminated upon shareholder approval of the 2022 Plan.

37

Award Activity Under 2013 Plan

The Company recorded no share-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, related to stock-based awards under the 2013 Plan. The Company recorded no share-based compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and less than $0.1 million of share-based compensation expense for the nine
months ended September 30, 2025, related to stock-based awards under the 2013 Plan.

At September 30, 2026, there were no unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested stock-based awards under the 2013 Plan.

Directors Deferred Stock Plan
 
Until January 2014, the Company had a practice of granting awards under a stock compensation plan for members of the Board of Directors (“Directors Deferred Stock Plan”). The Company reserved 180,000 shares of common stock that could have been issued pursuant to the Directors Deferred Stock Plan. The plan provided directors the option to elect to receive up to 100% of their annual retainer in either common stock or deferred stock rights. Deferred stock rights were to be settled in common stock following the end of the deferral period payable on the basis of one share of common stock for each deferred stock right.
 
The following table summarizes the status of deferred stock rights related to the Directors Deferred Stock Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2026.
Deferred Stock Rights
Outstanding, beginning of period29,013 
Granted253 
Outstanding, end of period29,266 

All deferred stock rights granted during the 2026 period were additional rights issued in lieu of cash dividends payable on outstanding deferred stock rights.

Note 10:        Commitments and Credit Risk
 
In the normal course of business, the Company makes various commitments to extend credit which are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. At September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had outstanding loan commitments totaling approximately $536.6 million and $617.6 million, respectively.


Note 11:        Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 also specifies a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1    Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2    Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities

Level 3    Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.
38


Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows. The Company did not own any securities classified within Level 1 of the hierarchy as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Level 2 securities include U.S. Government-sponsored agencies, municipal securities, mortgage and asset-backed securities and corporate securities. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the banking industry to value investment securities.

In certain cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows. Discounted cash flows are calculated based off of the anticipated future cash flows updated to incorporate loss severities. Rating agency and industry research reports as well as default and deferral activity are reviewed and incorporated into the calculation. The Company did not own any securities classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy as of September 30, 2026 or December 31, 2025.

Servicing Asset

Fair value is based on a loan-by-loan basis taking into consideration the origination to maturity dates of the loans, the current age of the loans and the remaining term to maturity. The valuation methodology utilized for the servicing asset begins with generating estimated future cash flows for each servicing asset based on their unique characteristics and market-based assumptions for prepayment speeds and costs to service. The present value of the future cash flows is then calculated utilizing market-based discount rate assumptions (Level 3).

Interest Rate Swap Agreements Back-to-Back

The Company offers interest rate swaps to certain loan customers to allow them to hedge the risk of rising interest rates on their variable rate loans. The Company originates a variable rate loan and enters into a variable-to-fixed interest rate contract with the customer. The Company also enters into an offsetting interest rate swap with a correspondent bank. These back-to-back swap agreements are intended to offset each other and allow the Company to originate a variable rate loan, while providing a contract for fixed interest payments for the customer. The net cash flow for the Company is equal to the interest income received from a variable rate loan originated with the customer. The fair value of these derivatives is based on a discounted cash flow approach. The fair value assets and liabilities of centrally clear interest rate swaps are net of variation margin settled-to-market (Level 2).

39

The following tables present the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026
 Fair Value Measurements Using
(amounts in thousands)Fair
Value		Quoted Prices
in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$49,805 $— $49,805 $— 
Municipal securities50,585 — 50,585 — 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential410,981 — 410,981 — 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial55,092 — 55,092 — 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential118,857 — 118,857 — 
Asset-backed securities
81,260 — 81,260 — 
Corporate securities76,528 — 76,528 — 
Total available-for-sale securities$843,108 $— $843,108 $— 
Servicing asset23,620 — — 23,620 
Interest rate swap agreements - assets (back-to-back)460 — 460 — 
Interest rate swap agreements - liabilities (back-to-back)(460)— (460)— 


December 31, 2025
Fair Value Measurements Using
(amounts in thousands)Fair
Value		Quoted Prices
in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$63,764 $— $63,764 $— 
Municipal securities63,386 — 63,386 — 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential389,457 — 389,457 — 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial58,477 — 58,477 — 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential123,673 — 123,673 — 
Asset-backed securities
42,553 — 42,553 — 
Corporate securities37,377 — 37,377 — 
Total available-for-sale securities$778,687 $— $778,687 $— 
Servicing asset22,793 — — 22,793 
Interest rate swap agreements - assets (back-to-back)210 — 210 — 
Interest rate swap agreements - liabilities (back-to-back)(210)— (210)— 

40

The following tables reconcile the beginning and ending balances of recurring fair value measurements recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

Three Months Ended
(amounts in thousands)Servicing Asset
Balance as of July 1, 2026$23,180 
Total realized gains
Additions1,401 
Paydowns(1,548)
Change in fair value587 
Balance as of September 30, 2026$23,620 
Balance as of July 1, 2025$16,736 
Total realized gains
Additions6,703 
Paydowns(903)
Change in fair value(429)
Balance as of September 30, 2025$22,107 


Nine Months Ended
(amounts in thousands)Servicing Asset
Balance as of January 1, 2026$22,793 
Total realized gains
Additions4,427 
Paydowns(4,789)
Change in fair value1,189 
Balance as of September 30, 2026$23,620 
Balance as of January 1, 2025$16,389 
Total realized gains
Additions9,384 
Paydowns(2,714)
Change in fair value(952)
Balance as of September 30, 2025$22,107 

The following describes the valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Individually Analyzed Collateral Dependent Loans

Loans for which it is probable that the Company will not collect all principal and interest due according to contractual terms are measured for impairment. The amount of impairment may be determined based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, the estimated present value of future cash flows, or the loan’s observable market price.

If the individually evaluated loan is identified as collateral dependent, the fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, is used to measure impairment. This method requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor to the value. For individually evaluated loans that are not collateral-dependent, the Company measures impairment by using a discounted cash flow analysis, an enterprise value approach based on the borrower's sustainable earnings and estimated net realizable business value, or a guarantor-based estimated recovery
41

approach that incorporates the guarantor's financial capacity, creditworthiness, and expected collection outcome. The method selected is based on the specific facts and circumstances of the loan relationship.

Individually evaluated loans with a specific valuation allowance based on the value of the underlying collateral, a discounted cash flow analysis or other valuation method are classified as Level 3 assets.

The following table presents the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurement falls at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026
Fair Value Measurements Using
(amounts in thousands)Fair
Value		Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Collateral dependent loans$438 $— $— $438 
Other real estate owned4,141 — — 4,141 


December 31, 2025
Fair Value Measurements Using
(amounts in thousands)Fair
Value		Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Collateral dependent loans$336 $— $— $336 
Other real estate owned2,631 — — 2,631 
 Significant Unobservable (Level 3) Inputs
 
The following tables present quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements.

(dollars in thousands)Fair Value at
September 30, 2026		Valuation
Technique		Significant Unobservable
Inputs		RangeWeighted-Average Range
Collateral dependent loans$438 Fair value of collateralDiscount for type of property and current market conditions
0% - 50%
29.1%
Servicing asset23,620 Discounted cash flowPrepayment speeds

Discount rate
10% - 13%

13% - 14%
12.5%

13.2%
Other real estate owned4,141 Fair value of collateralDiscount to reflect current market conditions
0% - 31%
19.5%



42

(dollars in thousands)Fair Value at
December 31, 2025		Valuation
Technique		Significant Unobservable
Inputs		RangeWeighted-Average Range
Collateral dependent loans$336 Fair value of collateralDiscount for type of property and current market conditions
0% - 40%
30.8%
Servicing asset22,793 Discounted cash flowPrepayment speeds

Discount rate
0% - 25%

13% - 15%
11.9%

13.0%
Other real estate owned2,631 Fair value of collateralDiscount to reflect current market conditions
 30% - 35%
32.0%

The following methods were used to estimate the fair value of all other financial instruments recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at amounts other than fair value.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
For these instruments, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
 
Securities Held-to-Maturity
 
Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows.
 
Level 2 securities include agency mortgage-backed securities - residential, municipal securities and corporate securities. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the banking industry to value investment securities.
 
In certain cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows. Discounted cash flows are calculated based off of the anticipated future cash flows updated to incorporate loss severities. Rating agency and industry research reports as well as default and deferral activity are reviewed and incorporated into the calculation. The Company did not own any securities classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy as of September 30, 2026 or December 31, 2025.

Loans Held-for-Sale
 
For loans that are sold in an active secondary market, the fair value of these loans is estimated based on secondary market price indications for loans with similar interest rate and maturity characteristics. The fair value of other loans held-for-sale approximates carrying value.

Net Loans
 
The fair value of loans is estimated on an exit price basis incorporating discounts for credit, liquidity and marketability factors.
 
Accrued Interest Receivable
 
The fair value of these financial instruments approximates carrying value.
 
Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis Stock
 
The fair value of this financial instrument approximates carrying value.
 
Deposits 
The fair value of noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing demand deposits, savings and money market accounts approximates carrying value. The fair value of fixed maturity certificates of deposit and brokered deposits are estimated using rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
43


Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
 
The fair value of fixed rate advances is estimated using rates currently available for advances with similar remaining maturities. The carrying value of variable rate advances approximates fair value.
 
Subordinated Debt
 
The fair value of the Company’s publicly traded subordinated debt is obtained from quoted market prices. The fair value of the Company’s remaining subordinated debt is estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on current borrowing rates for similar types of debt instruments.

 Accrued Interest Payable
 
The fair value of these financial instruments approximates carrying value.

Commitments
 
The fair value of commitments to extend credit are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements with similar maturities and interest rates. The Company determined that the fair value of commitments was zero based on the contractual value of outstanding commitments at each of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
  
The following tables present the carrying value and estimated fair value of all financial assets and liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026
Fair Value Measurements Using
(amounts in thousands)Carrying
Amount		Fair ValueQuoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Cash and cash equivalents$652,274 $652,274 $652,274 $— $— 
Securities held-to-maturity, net 255,934 228,694 — 228,694 — 
Loans held-for-sale 34,855 38,072 — 38,072 — 
Net loans3,806,623 3,712,400 — — 3,712,400 
Accrued interest receivable28,565 28,565 28,565 — — 
Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis stock28,350 28,350 — 28,350 — 
Deposits5,152,766 5,000,118 3,122,934 — 1,877,184 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank239,500 235,769 — 235,769 — 
Subordinated debt123,506 125,545 35,140 90,405 — 
Accrued interest payable1,298 1,298 1,298 — — 


44

December 31, 2025
Fair Value Measurements Using
(amounts in thousands)Carrying
Amount		Fair ValueQuoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)		Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Cash and cash equivalents$456,777 $456,777 $456,777 $— $— 
Securities held-to-maturity, net250,609 238,815 — 238,815 — 
Loans held-for-sale 108,608 117,917 — 117,917 — 
Net loans3,691,042 3,642,632 — — 3,642,632 
Accrued interest receivable27,909 27,909 27,909 — — 
Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis stock28,350 28,350 — 28,350 — 
Deposits4,839,813 4,853,941 2,559,565 — 2,294,376 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank249,500 252,046 — 252,046 — 
Subordinated debt105,465 105,492 37,059 68,433 — 
Accrued interest payable1,744 1,744 1,744 — — 

 
Note 12:        Derivative Financial Instruments
 
The Company uses derivative financial instruments from time to time to help manage exposure to interest rate risk and the effects that changes in interest rates may have on net income and the fair value of assets and liabilities. The Company enters into interest rate swap agreements as part of its asset/liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position.

The Company entered into offsetting interest rate swaps with a correspondent bank. These back-to-back swap agreements are intended to offset each other and allow the Company to originate a variable rate loan, while providing a contract for fixed interest payments for the customer. The net cash flow for the Company is equal to the interest income received from a variable rate loan originated with the customer. The fair value of these derivatives is based on a discounted cash flow approach. The fair value assets and liabilities of centrally cleared interest rate swaps are net of variation margin settled-to-market.

In March 2021, the Company terminated the last layer of interest rate swaps associated with available-for-sale agency mortgage-backed securities - residential, which resulted in swap termination payments to counterparties totaling $1.9 million. The corresponding fair value hedging adjustment was allocated pro-rata to the underlying hedged securities and is being amortized over the remaining lives of the designated securities. The Company had amortization expense totaling less than $0.1 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, which was recognized as a reduction to interest income on securities.

In June 2020, the Company terminated all fair value hedging relationships associated with loans, which resulted in swap termination payments to counterparties totaling $46.1 million. The corresponding loan fair value hedging adjustment as of the date of termination is being amortized over the remaining lives of the designated loans, which have a weighted average term to maturity of 8.3 years as of September 30, 2026. The Company had amortization expense totaling $0.9 million and $2.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, respectively, and $1.0 million and $2.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, related to these previously terminated fair value hedges which was recognized as a reduction to interest income on loans.

45

The following table presents the notional amount and fair value of interest rate swaps utilized by the Company at September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

September 30, 2026December 31, 2025
(amounts in thousands)Notional
Amount		Fair
Value		Notional
Amount		Fair
Value
Asset Derivatives
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Back-to-back swaps$17,507 $460 $45,050 $210 
Total contracts
$17,507 $460 $45,050 $210 
Liability Derivatives
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Back-to-back swaps$17,507 $(460)$45,050 $(210)
Total contracts
$17,507 $(460)$45,050 $(210)

The fair value of interest rate swaps was estimated using a discounted cash flow method that incorporates current market interest rates as of the balance sheet date.

Back-to-back swaps consist of two interest-rate swaps (a customer swap and an offsetting counterparty swap). As a result of this offsetting relationship, no net gains or losses are recognized in income. The Company received $0.3 million of cash collateral from counterparties as security for their obligations related to these swap transactions at September 30, 2026. The Company received no cash collateral from counterparties as security for their obligations related to these swap transactions at December 31, 2025. The Company had no cash pledged as collateral to counterparties as security for its obligations related to these agreements as of September 30, 2026. The Company pledged cash collateral of $0.3 million to counterparties as security for its obligations related to these agreements as of December 31, 2025.


Note 13:     Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, included in shareholders' equity, for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, are presented in the table below.
(amounts in thousands)Unrealized Losses On Debt SecuritiesUnrealized Losses On Debt Securities Transferred From Available-For-Sale To Held-To-MaturityTotal
Balance, January 1, 2026$(18,277)$(1,853)(20,130)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss before tax(19,711)— (19,711)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings before tax— 333 333 
Other comprehensive (loss) income before tax(19,711)333 (19,378)
Income tax (benefit) provision (4,533)81 (4,452)
Other comprehensive (loss) income - net of tax(15,178)252 (14,926)
Balance, September 30, 2026$(33,455)$(1,601)$(35,056)
Balance, January 1, 2025$(30,413)$(2,240)(32,653)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss before tax12,114 — 12,114 
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings before tax— 432432 
Other comprehensive income before tax12,114 432 12,546 
Income tax provision 2,788 109 2,897 
Other comprehensive income - net of tax9,326 323 9,649 
Balance, September 30, 2025$(21,087)$(1,917)$(23,004)

46

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, included in shareholders' equity, for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, are presented in the table below.
(amounts in thousands)Unrealized Losses On Debt SecuritiesUnrealized Losses On Debt Securities Transferred From Available-For-Sale To Held-To-MaturityTotal
Balance, July 1, 2026$(19,430)$(1,687)$(21,117)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss before tax(18,215)— (18,215)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings before tax— 113 113 
Other comprehensive (loss) income before tax(18,215)113 (18,102)
Income tax (benefit) provision(4,190)27 (4,163)
Other comprehensive (loss) income - net of tax(14,025)86 (13,939)
Balance, September 30, 2026$(33,455)$(1,601)$(35,056)
Balance, July 1, 2025$(24,514)$(2,053)$(26,567)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss before tax4,454 — 4,454 
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings before tax— 180180 
Other comprehensive income before tax4,454 180 4,634 
Income tax provision 1,027 44 1,071 
Other comprehensive income - net of tax3,427 136 3,563 
Balance, September 30, 2025$(21,087)$(1,917)$(23,004)

(amounts in thousands)Amounts Reclassified from
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended 		Amounts Reclassified from
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for the Nine Months Ended
Details About Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss ComponentsSeptember 30, 2026September 30, 2025September 30, 2026September 30, 2025Affected Line Item in the Statements of Operations
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings before tax$(113)(180)$(333)$(432)Interest Income
Total amount reclassified before tax(113)(180)(333)(432)Income (loss) before income taxes
Tax benefit(27)(44)(81)(109)Income tax provision (benefit)
Total reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss$(86)$(136)$(252)$(323)Net income (loss)

Note 14:        Segment Information

The Company operates as a single reportable segment, managing the business and assessing financial performance on a consolidated basis. While there are several lines of business within the operating segment, they are closely interrelated and cannot operate independently. Accordingly, the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) evaluates operations and financial performance on a Company-wide basis and all of the Company’s operations are aggregated into one reportable operating segment.

The CODM regularly receives and reviews the Company’s net income on a consolidated basis and uses key metrics to evaluate the overall performance of the Company and make decisions regarding the allocation of resources. Additionally, the CODM reviews budget-to-actual variances to analyze these profit measures as a single operating segment.

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The function of the CODM is performed by the Finance Committee. This Committee consists of the highest level of management that is responsible for the Company’s overall resource allocation and performance. The Finance Committee includes the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.

Note 15:     Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

ASU 2023-09 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (December 2023)

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU enhances the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures, which addresses investor requests for more transparency about income tax disclosures related primarily to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2025 and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Newly Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards

ASU 2024-03 - Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregations Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (November 2024)

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregations Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU requires additional disclosures of the nature of expenses included in the Company’s income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included the income statement. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2025-08 - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) - Purchased Loans (November 2025)

In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-08, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) - Purchased Loans. This ASU changes the accounting for certain acquired purchased seasoned loans ("PSL") by applying the gross‑up method, which records an allowance for expected credit losses at acquisition as an adjustment to amortized cost basis rather than a day one provision through earnings. The guidance is intended to simplify post‑acquisition accounting, reduce inconsistency between PCD and non-PCD loans, and eliminate day one credit loss expense for in‑scope PSLs. The amendments are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2025-09 - Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Hedge Accounting Improvements (November 2025)

In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-09 Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements. This ASU intends to better align hedge accounting with entities’ risk management activities. Key amendments include expanding the ability to group forecasted transactions with similar (rather than identical) risk exposure, establishing a model for hedging interest payments on choose‑your‑rate debt, expanding hedge accounting for certain forecasted nonfinancial transactions, and updating guidance on net written options and foreign‑currency‑denominated debt. The amendments are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.


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ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this report. This discussion and analysis includes certain forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. You should review the “Risk Factors” sections of this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by such forward-looking statements. See also “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report.
 
Overview
 
First Internet Bancorp is a bank holding company headquartered in Fishers, Indiana that conducts its primary business activities through its wholly-owned subsidiary, First Internet Bank of Indiana (the “Bank”), an Indiana chartered bank. The Bank was the first state-chartered, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insured Internet bank and commenced banking operations in 1999. First Internet Bancorp was incorporated under the laws of the State of Indiana on September 15, 2005. On March 21, 2006, we consummated a plan of exchange by which we acquired all of the outstanding shares of the Bank.

The Bank has three wholly-owned subsidiaries: First Internet Public Finance Corp., an Indiana corporation that provides a range of public and municipal finance lending and leasing products to governmental entities throughout the United States and acquires securities issued by state and local governments and other municipalities; JKH Realty Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that manages other real estate owned properties as needed; and SPF15, Inc., an Indiana corporation that owns real estate used primarily for the Bank’s principal office.

We offer a wide range of commercial, small business, consumer and municipal banking products and services. We conduct our consumer and small business deposit operations primarily through digital channels on a nationwide basis and have no traditional branch offices. Our consumer lending products are primarily originated on a nationwide basis through relationships with dealerships and financing partners.

Our commercial banking products and services are delivered through a relationship banking model or through strategic partnerships and include commercial and industrial (“C&I”) lending, construction and investor commercial real estate lending, single tenant lease financing, public finance, specialty finance, small business lending, and commercial deposits and treasury management. Our C&I team provides credit solutions such as lines of credit, term loans, owner-occupied commercial real estate loans and corporate credit cards on a regional basis to commercial borrowers primarily in the Midwest and Southwest regions of the United States. We offer construction, investor commercial real estate loans and single tenant lease financing on a nationwide basis. Our public finance team provides a range of public and municipal lending and leasing products to government entities on a nationwide basis. Our specialty finance team manages our healthcare, franchise finance and equipment finance portfolios and our commercial deposits and treasury management team works with the other commercial teams to provide deposit products and treasury management services to our commercial and municipal lending customers as well as pursues commercial deposit opportunities in business segments where we have no credit relationships.

We believe that we differentiate ourselves from larger financial institutions by providing a full suite of services to emerging small businesses and entrepreneurs on a nationwide basis. We are an active lender in the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) 7(a) program, closing $211.7 million in SBA 7(a) loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2026. We also offer a top-ranked small business checking account product to our country’s entrepreneurs.

We offer payment, deposit, card and lending products and services through partnerships with financial technology companies and platforms (“fintechs”). With the rapid evolution of technology that enables small businesses to manage their finances digitally, fintechs are addressing a significantly growing marketplace. Fintechs have created robust digital offerings, unburdened by legacy technology architecture, to address growing customer expectations. Through partnerships with selected fintechs, we believe our ability to win and retain small business relationships will be significantly enhanced. Furthermore, we believe partnering with select fintechs will allow us to further diversify our revenue sources, acquire deposits and pursue additional asset generation capabilities.

As of September 30, 2026, the Company had consolidated assets of $5.9 billion, consolidated deposits of $5.2 billion and shareholders’ equity of $354.4 million.
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Results of Operations

During the third quarter 2026, net income was $4.8 million, or $0.54 diluted earnings per share, compared to a net loss of $41.6 million, or $4.76 diluted loss per share, during the third quarter 2025, representing an increase in net income of $46.4 million and an increase in diluted earnings per share of $5.30. During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, net income was $9.7 million, or $1.10 diluted earnings per share, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 net loss of $40.5 million, or $4.63 diluted loss per share, resulting in an increase in net income of $50.2 million and an increase in diluted earnings per share of $5.73.

The $46.4 million increase in net income for the third quarter 2026 compared to the third quarter 2025 was due primarily to increases of $33.8 million in noninterest income and $4.4 million, or 14.5%, in net interest income, as well as a decrease of $23.2 million, or 66.6%, in the provision for credit losses, partially offset by an increase of $1.8 million, or 7.1%, in noninterest expense and a decrease of $13.2 million in income tax benefit.

The $50.2 million increase in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was due primarily to increases of $38.1 million in noninterest income and $15.3 million, or 18.4%, in net interest income, as well as a decrease of $19.0 million, or 31.5%, in the provision for credit losses, partially offset by an increase of $7.6 million, or 10.7%, in noninterest expense and a decrease of $14.6 million in income tax benefit.

During the third quarter 2026, return on average assets (“ROAA”), return on average shareholders’ equity (“ROAE”), and return on average tangible common equity (“ROATCE”) were 0.33%, 5.19% and 5.26%, respectively, compared to (2.71%), (42.11%) and (42.62%), respectively, for the third quarter 2025. During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, ROAA, ROAE and ROATCE were 0.23%, 3.50%, and 3.54%, respectively, compared to (0.91%), (13.80%), and (13.97%), respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

During the third quarter 2026, the Company recognized non-recurring pre-tax severance costs of $0.4 million, or $0.3 million after tax. Excluding these costs, adjusted net income for the third quarter 2026 was $5.1 million and adjusted diluted earnings per share was $0.57. Additionally, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, adjusted ROAA, adjusted ROAE and adjusted ROATCE were 0.35%, 5.51% and 5.58%, respectively.

Excluding the non-recurring severance costs, adjusted net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was $10.0 million and adjusted diluted earnings per share was $1.13. Additionally, for the nine months ended September 30, 2026, adjusted ROAA, adjusted ROAE and adjusted ROATCE were 0.24%, 3.61% and 3.65%, respectively.

During the third quarter 2025, the Company closed on the sale of $836.9 million of single tenant lease financing loans recognizing a pre-tax loss of $37.8 million, or $29.1 million after tax. The transaction was executed as part of an initiative to strengthen the Company’s regulatory capital ratios and improve its interest rate risk position. While the loss on the transaction negatively impacted shareholders’ equity and regulatory capital, the transaction significantly reduced risk-weighted assets, resulting in a net positive effect on regulatory capital ratios. Furthermore, the loan sale reduced the Company’s interest rate risk profile by reducing exposure to longer-duration assets. Additionally, the Company has seen a beneficial impact on key profitability metrics, such as net interest margin and return on average assets.

Excluding the $29.1 million after-tax loss on the loan sale described above, adjusted net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $12.5 million and adjusted diluted loss per share was $1.43. Additionally, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, adjusted ROAA, adjusted ROAE and adjusted ROATCE were (0.81%), (12.63%) and (12.78%), respectively.

Excluding the same loss on the loan sale, adjusted net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $11.3 million and adjusted diluted loss per share was $1.29. Additionally, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, adjusted ROAA, adjusted ROAE and adjusted ROATCE were (0.25%), (3.86%) and (3.91%), respectively.

During the third quarter 2026, adjusted pre-provision net revenue (“PPNR”) was $17.1 million, a decrease of 5.6% from adjusted PPNR of $18.1 million for the third quarter 2025. The $1.0 million decrease was due to a decrease of $4.0 million, or 30.2%, in adjusted noninterest income and an increase of $1.4 million, or 5.6%, in adjusted noninterest expense, partially offset by an increase of $4.4 million, or 14.5%, in net interest income.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, adjusted PPNR was $50.1 million, an increase of 20.0% from adjusted PPNR of $41.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The $8.4 million increase was due to increases of $15.3 million, or 18.4%, in net interest income and $0.2 million, or 0.8%, in adjusted noninterest income, partially offset by an increase of $7.2 million, or 10.2%, in adjusted noninterest expense.

Refer to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of Part I, Item 2 of this report, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional information.

Consolidated Average Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analyses
 
For the periods presented, the following tables provide the average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the related yields and cost of funds. The tables do not reflect any effect of income taxes except for net interest margin - FTE, as discussed below. Balances are based on the average of daily balances. Nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balances.

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2026September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands)Average BalanceInterest /DividendsYield / CostAverage BalanceInterest /DividendsYield /Cost
Assets
Interest-earning assets
Loans, including loans held-for-sale $3,874,882 $62,656 6.42 %$4,427,200 $68,958 6.18 %
Securities - taxable1,017,130 10,772 4.20 %819,941 8,614 4.17 %
Securities - non-taxable71,433 621 3.45 %78,602 652 3.29 %
Other earning assets619,347 5,982 3.83 %569,811 6,164 4.29 %
Total interest-earning assets5,582,792 80,031 5.69 %5,895,554 84,388 5.68 %
Allowance for credit losses - loans(55,609)(49,495)
Noninterest-earning assets269,290 235,733 
Total assets$5,796,473 $6,081,792 
Liabilities
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing demand deposits$1,437,634 $9,861 2.72 %$1,399,323 $11,742 3.33 %
Savings accounts18,153 38 0.83 %20,035 42 0.83 %
Money market accounts1,239,822 9,859 3.15 %1,250,350 11,771 3.73 %
Fintech - brokered deposits428,992 3,647 3.37 %— — — %
Certificates and brokered deposits1,778,428 17,675 3.94 %2,463,302 26,579 4.28 %
Total interest-bearing deposits4,903,029 41,080 3.32 %5,133,010 50,134 3.87 %
Other borrowed funds353,978 4,209 4.72 %365,119 3,902 4.24 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,257,007 45,289 3.42 %5,498,129 54,036 3.90 %
Noninterest-bearing deposits146,911 174,494 
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities24,464 17,283 
Total liabilities5,428,382 5,689,906 
Shareholders’ equity368,091 391,886 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$5,796,473 $6,081,792 
Net interest income$34,742 $30,352 
Interest rate spread 1
2.27%1.78%
Net interest margin 2
2.47%2.04%
Net interest margin - FTE 3
2.55%2.12%

1 Yield on total interest-earning assets minus cost of total interest-bearing liabilities.
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2 Net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets (annualized).
3 On an FTE basis assuming a 21% tax rate. Net interest income is adjusted to reflect income from assets such as municipal loans and securities that are exempt from Federal income taxes. This is to recognize the income tax savings that facilitates a comparison between taxable and tax-exempt assets. The Company believes that it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest margin and net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis, as these measures provide useful information to make peer comparisons. Net interest margin - FTE represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of this measure to its most directly comparable GAAP measure.


Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2026September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands)Average BalanceInterest /DividendsYield /CostAverage BalanceInterest /DividendsYield /Cost
Assets
Interest-earning assets
Loans, including loans held-for-sale $3,864,462 $184,188 6.37 %$4,359,785 $198,305 6.08 %
Securities - taxable978,633 30,216 4.13 %832,060 26,139 4.20 %
Securities - non-taxable75,000 1,904 3.39 %79,745 1,967 3.30 %
Other earning assets567,791 16,169 3.81 %471,096 15,692 4.45 %
Total interest-earning assets5,485,886 232,477 5.67 %5,742,686 242,103 5.64 %
Allowance for credit losses - loans(56,350)(48,091)
Noninterest-earning assets267,209 231,985 
Total assets$5,696,745 $5,926,580 
Liabilities
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing demand deposits$1,346,440 $26,933 2.67 %$1,195,651 $28,483 3.19 %
Savings accounts18,815 118 0.84 %20,786 131 0.84 %
Money market accounts1,278,637 30,297 3.17 %1,220,080 34,220 3.75 %
Fintech - brokered deposits163,733 4,134 3.38 %— — — %
Certificates and brokered deposits2,003,298 60,277 4.02 %2,478,620 81,720 4.41 %
Total interest-bearing deposits4,810,923 121,759 3.38 %4,915,137 144,554 3.93 %
Other borrowed funds351,499 11,939 4.54 %444,532 14,111 4.24 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,162,422 133,698 3.46 %5,359,669 158,665 3.96 %
Noninterest-bearing deposits141,474 154,604 
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities22,000 20,377 
Total liabilities5,325,896 5,534,650 
Shareholders’ equity370,849 391,930 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$5,696,745 $5,926,580 
Net interest income$98,779 $83,438 
Interest rate spread 1
2.21%1.68%
Net interest margin 2
2.41%1.94%
Net interest margin - FTE 3
2.49%2.02%

1 Yield on total interest-earning assets minus cost of total interest-bearing liabilities.
2 Net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets (annualized).
3 On an FTE basis assuming a 21% tax rate. Net interest income is adjusted to reflect income from assets such as municipal loans and securities that are exempt from Federal income taxes. This is to recognize the income tax savings that facilitates a comparison between taxable and tax-exempt assets. The Company believes that it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest margin and net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis, as these measures provide useful information to make peer comparisons. Net interest margin - FTE represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of this measure to its most directly comparable GAAP measure.

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Rate/Volume Analysis 

The following table illustrates the impact of changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and interest rates on net interest income for the periods indicated. The change in interest not due solely to volume or rate has been allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2026 vs. September 30, 2025 Due to Changes inNine Months Ended September 30, 2026 vs. September 30, 2025 Due to Changes in
(amounts in thousands)VolumeRateNetVolumeRateNet
Interest income
Loans, including loans held-for-sale$(21,011)$14,709 $(6,302)$(27,752)$13,635 $(14,117)
Securities – taxable2,095 63 2,158 4,788 (711)4,077 
Securities – non-taxable(184)153 (31)(142)79 (63)
Other earning assets2,266 (2,448)(182)3,826 (3,349)477 
Total(16,834)12,477 (4,357)(19,280)9,654 (9,626)
Interest expense
Interest-bearing deposits(2,170)(6,884)(9,054)(2,999)(19,796)(22,795)
Other borrowed funds(679)986 307 (3,617)1,445 (2,172)
Total(2,849)(5,898)(8,747)(6,616)(18,351)(24,967)
(Decrease) increase in net interest income$(13,985)$18,375 $4,390 $(12,664)$28,005 $15,341 

Net interest income for the third quarter 2026 was $34.7 million, an increase of $4.4 million, or 14.5%, compared to $30.4 million for the third quarter 2025. The increase in net interest income was the result of a decrease of $8.7 million, or 16.2%, in total interest expense to $45.3 million for the third quarter 2026 from $54.0 million for the third quarter 2025, which was partially offset by a $4.4 million, or 5.2%, decrease in total interest income to $80.0 million for the third quarter 2026 from $84.4 million for the third quarter 2025.

Net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was $98.8 million, an increase of $15.3 million, or 18.4%, compared to $83.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in net interest income was the result of a decrease of $25.0 million, or 15.7%, in total interest expense to $133.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 from $158.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, which was partially offset by a decrease of $9.6 million, or 4.0%, in total interest income to $232.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 from $242.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

The decrease in total interest income for the third quarter 2026 compared to third quarter 2025 was due primarily to a decrease in interest earned on loans, resulting from a decrease of $552.3 million, or 12.5%, in the average balance of loans, including loans held-for-sale, partially offset by an increase of 24 bps in the yield earned on loan balances. The decrease in the average balance of loans was driven primarily by the aforementioned sale of single tenant lease financing loans, partially offset by loan growth in other portfolio segments. The yield on funded portfolio loan originations was 7.51% for the third quarter 2026, an increase of 1 bp compared to the third quarter 2025. Additionally, interest earned on other earning assets declined modestly due to a decrease of 46 bps in the yield on these assets, partially offset by an increase of $49.5 million, or 8.7%, in average balances. The decrease in the yield earned on other earning assets was due mainly to the impact of decreases in the Fed Funds rate on cash balances held at the Federal Reserve. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $2.1 million, or 23.0%, in interest income earned on securities driven by an increase of $190.0 million, or 21.2%, in average balances and an increase of 6 bps in the yield earned on securities balances.

The decrease in total interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was due primarily to a decrease in interest earned on loans, resulting from a decrease of $495.3 million, or 11.4%, in the average balance of loans, including loans held-for-sale, partially offset by an increase of 29 bps in the yield on loan balances. The decrease in the average balance of loans was driven primarily by the aforementioned sale of single tenant lease financing loans, partially offset by loan growth in other portfolio segments. The yield on funded portfolio loan originations was 7.06% for the nine months ended September 30, 2026, a decrease of 52 bps compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Additionally, interest earned on other earning assets declined modestly due to a decrease of 64 bps
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in the yield on these assets, partially offset by an increase of $96.7 million, or 20.5%, in average balances. The decrease in the yield earned on other earning assets was due mainly to the impact of decreases in the Fed Funds rate on cash balances held at the Federal Reserve. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $4.9 million, or 14.6%, in interest income earned on securities driven by an increase of $141.8 million, or 15.6%, in average balances and an increase of 4 bps in the yield earned on securities balances.

The decrease in total interest expense for the third quarter 2026 compared to the third quarter 2025 was due primarily to decreases of $8.9 million, or 33.5%, in interest expense associated with certificates and brokered deposits, $1.9 million, or 16.2%, in interest expense related to money market accounts and $1.9 million, or 16.0%, in interest expense associated with interest-bearing demand deposits. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $3.6 million in interest expense associated with fintech brokered deposits, which had no corresponding expense in the third quarter 2025, and a $0.3 million, or 7.9% increase in interest expense associated with other borrowed funds. The decrease in interest expense related to certificates and brokered deposits was driven by a decrease of 34 bps in the cost of these deposits, as well as a decrease in the average balance of these deposits of $684.9 million, or 27.8%. The decrease in interest expense related to money market deposits was driven by a decrease of 58 bps in the cost of these deposits, as well as a decrease of $10.5 million, or 0.8%, in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in interest expense related to interest-bearing demand deposits was driven by a decrease of 61 bps in the cost of these deposits, partially offset by an increase in the average balance of these deposits of $38.3 million, or 2.7%. The increase in interest expense related to other borrowed funds was driven by an increase of 48 bps in the cost of these funds, partially offset by a decrease in the average balance of $11.1 million, or 3.1%. The decreases in the cost of funds related to deposits was due primarily to the replacement of higher-cost certificates of deposit and brokered deposit maturities with lower cost fintech deposits, which benefited from decreases in the Fed Funds rate.

The decrease in total interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was due primarily to decreases of $21.4 million, or 26.2%, in interest expense associated with certificates and brokered deposits, $3.9 million, or 11.5%, in interest expense associated with money market deposits, $2.2 million, or 15.4%, in interest expense related to other borrowed funds and $1.6 million, or 5.4%, in interest expense associated with interest-bearing demand deposits. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $4.1 million in interest expense associated with fintech brokered deposits, which had no corresponding expense in the prior-year period. The decrease in interest expense related to certificates and brokered deposits was driven by a decrease of 39 bps in the cost of these deposits, as well as a decrease of $475.3 million, or 19.2%, in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in interest expense related to money market deposits was driven primarily by a decrease of 58 bps in the cost of these deposits, partially offset by an increase of $58.6 million, or 4.8%, in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in interest expense related to other borrowed funds was driven by a decrease in the average balance of $93.0 million, or 20.9%, partially offset by a 30 bp increase in the cost of these funds. The decrease in interest expense related to interest-bearing demand deposits was driven primarily by a decrease of 52 bps in the cost of these deposits, partially offset by an increase of $150.8 million, or 12.6%, in the average balance of these deposits. The decrease in the cost of funds related to deposits was due primarily to the replacement of higher-cost certificates of deposit and brokered deposit maturities with lower cost fintech deposits, which benefited from decreases in the Fed Funds rate.

Overall, the cost of total interest-bearing liabilities for the third quarter 2026 decreased 48 bps to 3.42% from 3.90% for the third quarter 2025. The cost of total interest-bearing liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 decreased 50 bps to 3.46% from 3.96% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Net interest margin (“NIM”) was 2.47% for the third quarter 2026 compared to 2.04% for the third quarter 2025, an increase of 43 bps. On a fully-taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, NIM was 2.55% for the third quarter 2026 compared to 2.12% for the third quarter 2025, an increase of 43 bps. NIM was 2.41% for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 1.94% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of 47 bps. FTE NIM was 2.49% for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 2.02% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of 47 bps.

The increase in the third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2026 NIM and FTE NIM compared to the third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2025 reflects the combination of higher yields on loans and continued improvement in the cost of funds related to deposits.

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Noninterest Income (Loss)

The following table shows noninterest income (loss) for each of the periods presented.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
(amounts in thousands)September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025
Service charges and fees$1,391 $369 $3,347 $912 
Loan servicing revenue2,824 2,055 8,533 6,017 
Loan servicing asset revaluation(961)(1,332)(3,600)(3,666)
Gain (loss) on sale of loans4,792 (27,103)16,859 (16,783)
Other1,153 1,364 4,263 4,857 
Total noninterest income (loss)$9,199 $(24,647)$29,402 $(8,663)

During the third quarter 2026, noninterest income was $9.2 million, representing an increase of $33.8 million, compared to a loss of $24.6 million for the third quarter 2025. The increase in noninterest income was driven primarily by increases in gain on sale of loans, net loan servicing and service charges and fees, partially offset by a decrease in other noninterest income. The increase of $31.9 million in gain on sale of loans was due primarily to the impact of the aforementioned sale of single tenant lease financing loans, which resulted in a pre-tax loss of $37.8 million. Adjusted for the loan sale, noninterest income totaled $13.2 million for the third quarter 2025. Compared to this adjusted noninterest income, third quarter 2026 noninterest income declined $4.0 million, or 30.2%. The decrease was driven primarily by a decrease of $5.9 million, or 55.3%, in gain on sale of loans due to a decrease in the volume of U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) 7(a) guaranteed loan sales. The increase of $1.1 million, or 157.7%, in net loan servicing was due primarily to the increase in the Company’s loan servicing portfolio following the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, as well as positive fair value adjustments to the loan servicing asset. The increase of $1.0 million, or 277.0%, in service charges and fees reflects higher fees earned on growth in fintech deposits held off-balance sheet in deposit networks. The decrease of $0.2 million, or 15.5%, in other noninterest income was due primarily to lower distributions from fund investments, partially offset by an increase in fintech partnership revenue for the third quarter 2026.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, noninterest income was $29.4 million, an increase of $38.1 million, compared to a loss of $8.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in noninterest income was due primarily to increases in gain on sale of loans, net loan servicing and service charges and fees, partially offset by a decrease in other noninterest income. The increase of $33.6 million in gain on sale of loans was due primarily to the impact of the aforementioned sale of single tenant lease financing loans, which resulted in a pre-tax loss of $37.8 million. Adjusted for the loan sale, noninterest income totaled $29.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Compared to this adjusted noninterest income, year-to-date 2026 noninterest income increased $0.2 million, or 0.8%. Despite the overall slight increase, gain on sale of loans decreased by $4.2 million, or 20.0%, due primarily to a decrease in the volume of SBA 7(a) guaranteed loan sales. The increase of $2.6 million, or 109.8%, in net loan servicing was due primarily to the increase in the Company’s loan servicing portfolio following the sale of the single tenant lease financing loans, as well as positive fair value adjustments to the loan servicing asset. The increase of $2.4 million, or 267.0%, in service charges and fees reflect higher fees earned on growth in fintech deposits held off-balance sheet in deposit networks. The decrease of $0.6 million, or 12.2%, in other noninterest income was due primarily to a distribution from a fund investment that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, partially offset by an increase in fintech partnership revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2026.


55

Noninterest Expense

The following table shows noninterest expense for each of the periods presented.

Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
(amounts in thousands)September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025
Salaries and employee benefits$14,761 $14,384 $41,567 $38,358 
Marketing, advertising and promotion733 482 2,054 1,831 
Consulting and professional services960 979 3,412 3,143 
Data processing713 651 2,262 1,942 
Loan expenses2,392 1,850 6,680 4,901 
Premises and equipment3,654 3,572 11,048 9,968 
Deposit insurance premium1,660 1,584 4,758 4,546 
Other2,384 1,957 6,625 6,127 
Total noninterest expense$27,257 $25,459 $78,406 $70,816 

Noninterest expense for the third quarter 2026 was $27.3 million, representing an increase of $1.8 million, or 7.1%, compared to $25.5 million for the third quarter 2025. The increase in noninterest expense was due primarily to increases in loan expenses, other noninterest expense, salaries and employee benefits, and marketing, advertising, and promotion expenses. The increase of $0.5 million, or 29.3%, in loan expenses was due primarily to third party servicing and fintech program management fees, as well as collection expense. The increase of $0.4 million, or 21.8%, in other noninterest expense was due primarily to increased risk management costs and expenses associated with OREO. The increase of $0.4 million, or 2.6%, in salaries and employee benefits was due to non-recurring employee severance expense. The increase of $0.3 million, or 52.1%, in marketing, advertising, and promotion expenses was due primarily to increased marketing initiatives during the period.

Noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was $78.4 million, an increase of $7.6 million, or 10.7%, compared to $70.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase was due primarily to increases in salaries and employee benefits, loan expenses, and premises and equipment. The increase of $3.2 million, or 8.4%, in salaries and employee benefits was due primarily to an increase in incentive compensation, as well as an increase in staffing related to small business lending and risk management and non-recurring employee severance expense. The increase of $1.8 million, or 36.3%, in loan expenses was due primarily to collection expense, as well as third party servicing and fintech program management fees. The increase of $1.1 million, or 10.8%, in premises and equipment was due primarily to continued investment in technology to enhance the user experience in consumer and small business banking.

The Company recorded an income tax provision of $0.2 million for the third quarter 2026, compared to an income tax benefit of $13.0 million for the third quarter 2025. The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026, compared to an income tax benefit of $15.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The income tax benefits recognized during the third quarter 2025 as well as the nine months ended September 30, 2025 reflect lower pre-tax earnings driven primarily by the loss on the loan sale, as well as the benefit of tax exempt income.


56

Financial Condition

The following table shows summary balance sheet data for each of the periods presented.

(amounts in thousands)
Balance Sheet Data:September 30,
2026		December 31,
2025
Total assets$5,888,003 $5,571,647 
Loans3,863,984 3,746,728 
Total securities1,099,042 1,029,296 
Loans held-for-sale34,855 108,608 
Noninterest-bearing deposits159,051 146,879 
Interest-bearing deposits4,993,715 4,692,934 
Total deposits5,152,766 4,839,813 
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank239,500 249,500 
Total liabilities5,533,595 5,211,880 
Total shareholders’ equity354,408 359,767 

Total assets increased $316.4 million, or 5.7%, to $5.9 billion at September 30, 2026 compared to $5.6 billion at December 31, 2025. Balance sheet growth was driven by increased fintech deposits throughout the year. The liquidity provided by the fintech deposit growth was used to replace higher-cost maturities of certificates of deposits and brokered deposits, as well as to fund net loan growth and securities purchases.

As of September 30, 2026, total shareholders’ equity was $354.4 million, a decrease of $5.4 million, or 1.5%, compared to December 31, 2025. The decrease in shareholders’ equity was due primarily to an increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss as unrealized losses on debt securities increased during the period due to an increase in interest rates throughout the year, partially offset by current period net income. Tangible common equity totaled $349.7 million as of September 30, 2026, representing a decrease of $5.4 million, or 1.5%, compared to December 31, 2025. The ratio of total shareholders’ equity to total assets decreased to 6.02% as of September 30, 2026 from 6.46% as of December 31, 2025, and the ratio of tangible common equity to tangible assets decreased to 5.94% as of September 30, 2026 from 6.38% as of December 31, 2025.

Book value per common share decreased 2.0% to $40.58 as of September 30, 2026 from $41.41 as of December 31, 2025 and tangible book value per common share decreased 2.0% to $40.04 as of September 30, 2026 from $40.87 as of December 31, 2025. The decrease in both book value per common share and tangible book value per common share was driven primarily by the decreases in total shareholders’ equity and tangible common equity. Refer to the “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of Part I, Item 2 of this report, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for additional information.    
57

Loan Portfolio Analysis

The following table shows a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio for each of the periods presented.

(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2026		December 31,
2025
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$237,667 6.2 %$221,714 5.9 %
Owner-occupied commercial real estate50,082 1.3 %48,575 1.3 %
Investor commercial real estate753,690 19.4 %647,394 17.3 %
Construction400,302 10.4 %372,668 9.9 %
Single tenant lease financing308,594 8.0 %222,925 5.9 %
Public finance430,381 11.1 %442,234 11.8 %
Healthcare finance112,406 2.9 %139,469 3.7 %
Small business lending 1
439,335 11.4 %430,024 11.5 %
Franchise finance330,626 8.6 %417,045 11.1 %
Total commercial loans3,063,083 79.3 %2,942,048 78.4 %
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage319,972 8.3 %343,110 9.2 %
Home equity16,186 0.4 %14,725 0.4 %
Other consumer loans446,307 11.6 %425,458 11.4 %
Total consumer loans782,465 20.3 %783,293 21.0 %
                   Total commercial and consumer loans 3,845,548 99.6 %3,725,341 99.4 %
Net deferred loan origination costs, premiums and discounts on purchased loans and other 2
18,436 0.4 %21,387 0.6 %
Total loans3,863,984 100.0 %3,746,728 100.0 %
Allowance for credit losses - loans(57,361)(55,686)
Net loans $3,806,623 $3,691,042 

1 Balances include $60.0 million and $52.2 million that are guaranteed by the U.S. government as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

2 Includes carrying value adjustments of $16.4 million and $19.1 million related to terminated interest rate swaps associated with public finance loans as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. 


During the third quarter 2026, the Company purchased a portfolio of embedded finance loans which are included in the commercial and industrial loan category for approximately $16.3 million. Certain loans within the acquired portfolio were classified as purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”); however, the PCD loans were not material to the Company’s overall loan portfolio or allowance for credit losses and therefore are not separately presented. The allowance associated with the PCD loans is separately identified in the allowance for credit losses rollforward because it was established through the initial gross-up of the acquired loans rather than through provision expense.

Total loans were $3.9 billion as of September 30, 2026, an increase of $117.3 million, or 3.1%, compared to December 31, 2025. Total commercial loan balances were $3.1 billion as of September 30, 2026, an increase of $121.0 million, or 4.1%, from December 31, 2025. Total consumer loan balances were $782.5 million as of September 30, 2026, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 0.1%, compared to December 31, 2025. Compared to December 31, 2025, the increase in commercial loan balances was driven by investor commercial real estate, single tenant lease financing, construction and commercial and industrial loans, partially offset by planned run-off in the franchise finance and healthcare finance portfolios. The Company made the strategic decision to allow the franchise finance and healthcare finance portfolios to run off and is not originating new loans in these segments. The Company expects these portfolios to continue to decline over time and is redeploying cash flows from these portfolios to fund growth in core commercial lending areas such as single tenant lease financing, investor commercial real estate, construction, and small business lending. Additionally, the Company is funding growth in emerging lending verticals such as wealth advisory lending, embedded finance and equipment finance, which are included in commercial and industrial balances. The slight decrease in consumer loan balances was due primarily to early payoff and principal amortization in the residential mortgage portfolio, partially offset by new origination activity in the other consumer loans portfolio.
58


Asset Quality

Nonperforming loans are comprised of nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due and accruing. Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans, other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other nonperforming assets, which generally consist of repossessed assets. The following table provides a summary of the Company’s nonperforming assets for each of the periods presented.

(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2026		December 31,
2025
Nonaccrual loans
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial$606 $240 
Single tenant lease financing— 1,665 
Healthcare finance130 2,596 
Small business lending 1
24,872 19,781 
Franchise finance30,837 26,978 
Total commercial loans56,445 51,260 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage5,780 4,893 
Other consumer loans128 234 
Total consumer loans5,908 5,127 
Total nonaccrual loans 62,353 56,387 
Past due 90 days and accruing loans
Commercial loans:
     Commercial and industrial682 — 
     Small business lending21 — 
     Franchise finance— 1,144 
Total commercial loans703 1,144 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage— 1,007 
Total consumer loans— 1,007 
Total past due 90 days and accruing loans703 2,151 
Total nonperforming loans
63,056 58,538 
Other real estate owned
     Small business lending2,372 2,631 
     Single tenant lease financing1,505 — 
Residential mortgage264 — 
Total other real estate owned4,141 2,631 
Other nonperforming assets267 186 
Total nonperforming assets $67,464 $61,355 
Total nonperforming loans to total loans1.63 %1.56 %
Total nonperforming assets to total assets1.15 %1.10 %
Allowance for credit losses - loans to total loans1.48 %1.49 %
Nonaccrual loans to total loans1.61 %1.50 %
Allowance for credit losses - loans to nonaccrual loans92.0 %98.8 %
Allowance for credit losses - loans to nonperforming loans91.0 %95.1 %

1 Balances include $19.2 million and $13.6 million that are guaranteed by the U.S. government as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
59

Total nonperforming loans increased $4.5 million, or 7.7%, to $63.1 million as of September 30, 2026 compared to $58.5 million as of December 31, 2025 due primarily to an increase in nonaccrual loans in the small business lending portfolio, which generally consisted of SBA 7(a) guaranteed balances and franchise finance. This was partially offset by decreases in accruing loans past due 90 days or more and in nonaccrual loans in the healthcare finance and single tenant lease financing portfolios. Total nonperforming assets increased $6.1 million, or 10.0%, to $67.5 million as of September 30, 2026, compared to $61.4 million as of December 31, 2025, due primarily to the increases mentioned above, as well as one single tenant lease financing loan that migrated to OREO during 2026. As of September 30, 2026, the Company had three small business lending properties, one single tenant lease financing property and one residential mortgage property in OREO with a carrying value of $4.1 million. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had three small business lending properties in OREO with a carrying value of $2.6 million.

60

Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans

The following table provides a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses for each of the periods presented; however, allocation of a portion of the allowance to one segment does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other segments.

Three Months EndedNine Months EndedYear Ended
(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		December 31,
2025
Balance, beginning of period$53,096 $46,517 $55,686 $44,769 $44,769 
Allowance on acquired PCD loans 1
141 — 141 — — 
Balance53,237 46,517 55,827 44,769 44,769 
Provision charged to expense12,148 34,393 42,262 60,110 71,921 
Losses charged off
Commercial and industrial(1,471)(93)(1,918)(93)(153)
Healthcare finance— — (38)— — 
Small business lending(3,943)(15,883)(18,380)(31,403)(39,650)
Franchise finance(2,788)(5,385)(20,541)(13,471)(21,754)
Residential mortgage(56)(17)(138)(28)(75)
Other consumer loans(519)(374)(1,430)(1,046)(1,457)
Total losses charged off(8,777)(21,752)(42,445)(46,041)(63,089)
Recoveries
Commercial and industrial18 2 34 6 21 
Small business lending261 635 857 808 1,681 
Franchise finance401 64 610 82 94 
Residential mortgage1 — 3 7 19 
Home equity2 2 4 5 7 
Other consumer loans70 62 209 177 263 
Total recoveries753 765 1,717 1,085 2,085 
Balance, end of period$57,361 $59,923 $57,361 $59,923 $55,686 
Net charge-offs$8,024 $20,987 $40,728 $44,956 $61,004 
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans (annualized)
Commercial and industrial4.43  %0.29 %1.91 %0.10 %0.11 %
Healthcare finance0.00 %0.00 %0.04 %0.00 %0.00 %
Small business lending2.99 %11.63 %4.73 %9.17 %8.16 %
Franchise finance2.73 %4.49 %7.06 %3.59 %4.48 %
Total commercial net charge-offs0.97 %2.28 %1.72 %1.67 %1.76 %
Residential mortgage0.07 %0.02 %0.05 %0.01 %0.02 %
Home equity(0.05 %)(0.05 %)(0.04 %)(0.04 %)(0.04 %)
Other consumer loans0.40 %0.29 %0.37 %0.39 %0.29 %
Total consumer net charge-offs0.25 %0.16 %0.23 %0.15 %0.16 %
Total net charge-offs to average loans0.82 %1.89 %1.41 %1.38 %1.45 %

1 The allowance established on acquired PCD loans was recorded through the acquisition-date gross-up of the acquired loans rather than through provision expense and was not material to the Company's total allowance for credit losses.
61


The allowance for credit losses - loans (“ACL”) was $57.4 million as of September 30, 2026, compared to $55.7 million as of December 31, 2025. The ACL as a percentage of total loans was 1.48% at September 30, 2026, compared to 1.49% at December 31, 2025. The ACL as a percentage of nonperforming loans decreased to 91.5% as of September 30, 2026, compared to 95.1% as of December 31, 2025, due primarily to a decrease in the ACL related to franchise finance loans with specific reserves that were charged off during the year. Excluding nonaccrual guaranteed balances, the ACL as a percentage of nonperforming loans increased to 131.9% as of September 30, 2026 compared to 124.0% as of December 31, 2025.

Net charge-offs of $8.0 million were recognized during the third quarter 2026, resulting in net charge-offs to average loans of 0.82%, compared to net charge-offs of $21.0 million, or 1.89% of average loans, for the third quarter 2025. The decrease in net charge-offs for the third quarter 2026 compared to the third quarter 2025 was driven primarily by decreases of $11.6 million in small business lending and $2.9 million in franchise finance net charge-offs.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, the Company recorded net charge-offs of $40.7 million, resulting in net charge-offs to average loans of 1.41%, compared to net charge-offs of $45.0 million, or 1.38% of average loans, during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The decrease in net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was driven primarily by a decrease of $13.1 million in small business lending net charge-offs, partially offset by an increase of $6.5 million in franchise finance net charge-offs.

The provision for credit losses - loans for the third quarter 2026 declined to $12.1 million, compared to $34.4 million for the third quarter 2025. The decrease was driven primarily by lower net charge-offs and lower reserves on collectively evaluated loans, partially reflecting the transition of certain loans to individual evaluation and the establishment of additional specific reserves.

The provision for credit losses - loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was $42.3 million, compared to $60.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The decrease was driven primarily by decreases in net charge-offs, specific reserves and the reserve on collectively evaluated loans.

62

Investment Securities Portfolio

The following tables show the amortized cost and approximate fair value of our investment securities portfolio by security type for each of the periods presented. 

(amounts in thousands)
Amortized CostSeptember 30,
2026		December 31,
2025
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$50,426 $64,298 
Municipal securities56,941 64,777 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential440,756 409,718 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial56,468 59,112 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential121,790 124,264 
Asset-backed securities82,133 42,492 
Corporate securities78,040 37,761 
Total available-for-sale886,554 802,422 
Securities held-to-maturity, net carrying value
Municipal securities9,828 11,006 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential226,083 213,530 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial5,580 5,635 
Corporate securities14,443 20,438 
Total held-to-maturity, net carrying value255,934 250,609 
Total securities$1,142,488 $1,053,031 

(amounts in thousands)
Approximate Fair ValueSeptember 30,
2026		December 31,
2025
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. Government-sponsored agencies$49,805 $63,764 
Municipal securities50,585 63,386 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential410,981 389,457 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial55,092 58,477 
Private label mortgage-backed securities - residential118,857 123,673 
Asset-backed securities81,260 42,553 
Corporate securities76,528 37,377 
Total available-for-sale843,108 778,687 
Securities held-to-maturity
Municipal securities8,865 10,551 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - residential201,919 203,715 
Agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial4,358 4,720 
Corporate securities13,552 19,829 
Total held-to-maturity228,694 238,815 
Total securities$1,071,802 $1,017,502 

The approximate fair value of available-for-sale investment securities increased $64.4 million, or 8.3%, to $843.1 million as of September 30, 2026, compared to $778.7 million as of December 31, 2025. The increase was due primarily to increases of $39.2 million in corporate securities, $38.7 million in asset-backed securities, $21.5 million in agency mortgage-backed securities - residential, partially offset by decreases of $14.0 million in U.S. Government-sponsored agencies, $12.8 million in municipal securities, $4.8 million in private label mortgage-backed securities - residential and $3.4 million in agency mortgage-backed securities - commercial. The Company deployed liquidity provided by fintech deposit growth during 2026 into new purchases of short-duration agency securities, asset-backed securities and investment grade corporate securities, which was partially offset by net pay down activity in other security types. As of September 30, 2026, the Company had securities with a net carrying value of $255.9 million designated as held-to-maturity, compared to $250.6 million as of December 31, 2025. The increase was due primarily to purchases of CRA-eligible agency mortgage-backed securities - residential made in 2026.
63


Accrued Income and Other Assets

Accrued income and other assets increased $8.8 million, or 9.8%, to $97.8 million at September 30, 2026, compared to $89.1 million at December 31, 2025. The increase was due primarily to increases of $5.4 million in various receivables, none of which were individually significant, and $3.5 million in deferred tax assets.

Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other liabilities increased $1.2 million, or 7.6%, to $16.5 million at September 30, 2026, compared to $15.4 million at December 31, 2025. The increase was due primarily to increases of $0.9 million in accrued salary and benefits and $0.3 million in derivative liability.

Deposits  

The following table shows the composition of the Company’s deposit base for each of the periods presented.
(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2026		December 31,
2025
Noninterest-bearing deposits$159,051 3.2 %$146,879 3.0 %
Interest-bearing demand deposits1,713,795 33.3 %1,120,850 23.2 %
Savings accounts17,564 0.3 %18,991 0.4 %
Money market accounts1,232,524 23.9 %1,272,845 26.3 %
Fintech - brokered deposits341,610 6.6 %— 0.0 %
Certificates of deposits1,479,994 28.7 %2,004,909 41.4 %
Brokered deposits208,228 4.0 %275,339 5.7 %
Total deposits$5,152,766 100.0 %$4,839,813 100.0 %

  
Total deposits increased $313.0 million, or 6.5%, to $5.2 billion as of September 30, 2026, compared to $4.8 billion as of December 31, 2025. The increase was due primarily to increases of $592.9 million, or 52.9%, in interest-bearing demand deposits, $341.6 million in fintech - brokered deposits and $12.2 million, or 8.3%, in noninterest-bearing deposits, partially offset by decreases of $524.9 million, or 26.2%, in certificates of deposits, $67.1 million, or 24.4%, in brokered deposits and $40.3 million, or 3.2%, in money market accounts. Certain fintech partnership deposits previously included in interest-bearing demand deposits were reclassified to fintech-brokered deposits due to changes to program agreements during 2026. Continued growth in fintech partnership deposits provided the ability to pay down certificates of deposits, higher-cost brokered deposits and money market accounts.

Uninsured deposit balances represented 32% of total deposits at September 30, 2026, down from 33% at December 31, 2025. These balances include Indiana-based municipal deposits, which are insured by the Indiana Board for Depositories, as well as larger balance accounts under contractual agreements that only allow withdrawal under certain conditions. After subtracting these types of deposits, the adjusted uninsured deposit balance remains at 27% for both September 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025. Additionally, the balance of uninsured deposits can be elevated at the end of the month due to increased payments activity by business customers of the Company’s fintech partners.

Recent Debt Offerings

On September 10, 2026, the Company issued $20.5 million aggregate principal amount of 8.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2036 (the “2036 Notes”) in a private placement. The 2036 Notes initially bear a fixed interest rate of 8.00% per year to, but excluding, September 15, 2031, and thereafter at a floating rate equal to the then-current benchmark rate (initially three-month Term SOFR) plus 3.735%. The 2036 Notes are scheduled to mature on September 15, 2036. The 2036 Notes are unsecured subordinated obligations of the Company and may be repaid, without penalty, on any interest payment date on or after September 15, 2031. The 2036 Notes are intended to qualify as Tier 2 capital under regulatory guidelines. Under the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the initial purchasers of the 2036 Notes, the Company has agreed to take certain actions to provide for the exchange of the 2036 Notes for subordinated notes that are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and have substantially the same terms as the 2036 Notes.
64


Regulatory Capital Requirements

The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by the Basel III Capital Rules to ensure capital adequacy require the maintenance of minimum amounts and ratios of Common Equity Tier 1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Total capital, as defined in the regulations, to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 capital to adjusted quarterly average assets (“Leverage Ratio”).

The Basel III Capital Rules require the Company and the Bank to maintain: 1) a minimum ratio of Common Equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5%, plus a 2.5% “capital conservation buffer” (resulting in a minimum ratio of Common Equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 7.0%); 2) a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 6.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%); 3) a minimum ratio of Total capital to risk-weighted assets of 8.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (resulting in a minimum Total capital ratio of 10.5%); and 4) a minimum Leverage Ratio of 4.0%.

The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. Failure to maintain the minimum Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio plus the capital conservation buffer will result in potential restrictions on a banking institution’s ability to pay dividends, repurchase stock and/or pay discretionary compensation to its employees.

The following tables present actual and required capital ratios as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 for the Company and the Bank under the Basel III Capital Rules.
ActualMinimum Capital Required - Basel III Minimum Required to be Considered Well Capitalized
(dollars in thousands)Capital AmountRatioCapital AmountRatioCapital AmountRatio
As of September 30, 2026:
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
Consolidated $356,459 8.86 %$281,664 7.00 %N/AN/A
Bank433,145 10.84 %279,703 7.00 %$259,724 6.50 %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
Consolidated 356,459 8.86 %342,021 8.50 %N/AN/A
Bank433,145 10.84 %339,639 8.50 %319,660 8.00 %
Total capital to risk-weighted assets
Consolidated 495,786 12.32 %422,496 10.50 %N/AN/A
Bank483,205 12.09 %419,554 10.50 %399,576 10.00 %
Leverage ratio
Consolidated 356,459 6.15 %231,688 4.00 %N/AN/A
Bank433,145 7.51 %230,573 4.00 %288,216 5.00 %


65

ActualMinimum Capital Required - Basel III Minimum Required to be Considered Well Capitalized
(dollars in thousands)Capital AmountRatioCapital AmountRatioCapital AmountRatio
As of December 31, 2025:
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
Consolidated $350,350 8.97 %$273,335 7.00 %N/AN/A
Bank420,963 10.83 %272,045 7.00 %$252,613 6.50 %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets
Consolidated 350,350 8.97 %331,907 8.50 %N/AN/A
Bank420,963 10.83 %330,340 8.50 %310,908 8.00 %
Total capital to risk-weighted assets
Consolidated 488,170 12.50 %410,003 10.50 %N/AN/A
Bank469,649 12.08 %408,067 10.50 %388,635 10.00 %
Leverage ratio
Consolidated 350,350 6.24 %224,566 4.00 %N/AN/A
Bank420,963 7.53 %223,717 4.00 %279,646 5.00 %

Shareholders’ Dividends

The Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.06 per share of common stock payable October 15, 2026 to shareholders of record as of October 1, 2026. The Company expects to continue to pay cash dividends on a quarterly basis; however, the declaration and amount of any future cash dividends will be subject to the sole discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon many factors, including the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, regulatory and contractual restrictions (including with respect to the Company’s outstanding subordinated debt), business strategy and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.

As of September 30, 2026, the Company had $125.5 million principal amount of subordinated debt outstanding evidenced by the 2029 Notes, 2030 Note, 2031 Notes and 2036 Notes. The agreements that govern our outstanding subordinated debt prohibit the Company from paying any dividends on its common stock or making any other distributions to shareholders at any time when there shall have occurred, and be continuing to occur, an event of default under the applicable agreement. If an event of default were to occur and the Company did not cure it, the Company would be prohibited from paying any dividends or making any other distributions to shareholders or from redeeming or repurchasing any common stock.

Capital Resources

The Company believes it has sufficient liquidity and capital resources to meet its cash and capital expenditure requirements for the next twelve months and longer. The Company may explore strategic alternatives, including additional asset, deposit or revenue generation channels that complement our small business, commercial, consumer and fintech banking platforms, which may require additional capital. If the Company is unable to secure such capital at favorable terms, its ability to take advantage of such opportunities could be adversely affected.

On October 20, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of the Company's outstanding common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Under the program, the Company repurchased 27,998 shares of common stock, at an average price of $18.64, for a total investment of $0.5 million as of September 30, 2026. The stock repurchase authorization is scheduled to expire on September 30, 2027.

Various factors determine the amount and timing of our share repurchases, including our capital requirements, organic growth and other strategic opportunities, economic and market conditions (including the trading price of our stock), and regulatory and legal considerations.

66

Liquidity

Liquidity management is the process used by the Company to manage the continuing flow of funds necessary to meet its financial commitments on a timely basis and at a reasonable cost while also maintaining safe and sound operations. Liquidity, represented by cash and investment securities, is a product of the Company’s operating, investing and financing activities. The primary sources of funds are deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and investment securities, maturing loans and investment securities, access to wholesale funding sources and collateralized borrowings. In addition, the Company may elect to hold certain deposit balances off-balance sheet, with optionality to bring them back onto the balance sheet as funding needs evolve. While scheduled payments and maturities of loans and investment securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows are greatly influenced by interest rates, general economic conditions and competition. Therefore, the Company may supplement deposit growth and enhance interest rate risk management through borrowings and wholesale funding, which are generally advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and brokered deposits.

The Company holds cash and investment securities that qualify as liquid assets to maintain adequate liquidity to ensure safe and sound operations and meet its financial commitments. At September 30, 2026, on a consolidated basis, the Company had $1.5 billion in cash and cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale and $34.9 million in loans held-for-sale that were generally available for its cash needs. Additionally, the Company uses a custodial deposit arrangement for certain deposit programs whereby the Company, acting as custodian of account holder funds, places a portion of such account holder funds that are not needed to support near term liquidity needs at one or more third-party banks insured by the FDIC through the IntraFi One-Way Sell network. The Company remains the issuer of, and maintains the records for, all accounts under the applicable account holder agreements and, importantly, retains transactional authority to move funds on-and-off balance sheet as liquidity needs merit. Such off-balance sheet deposits totaled $2.9 billion at September 30, 2026 and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2025 and primarily consist of fintech partnership deposits. The Company can also generate funds from wholesale funding sources and collateralized borrowings. At September 30, 2026, the Bank had the ability to borrow an additional $1.6 billion from the FHLB, the Federal Reserve and correspondent bank Fed Funds lines of credit.

The Company is a separate legal entity from the Bank and must provide for its own liquidity. In addition to its operating expenses, the Company is responsible for paying any dividends declared to its common shareholders and interest and principal on outstanding debt. The Company’s primary sources of funds are cash maintained at the holding company level and dividends from the Bank, the payment of which is subject to regulatory limits. At September 30, 2026, the Company, on an unconsolidated basis, had $20.9 million in cash for debt servicing and operating expenses.
 
The Company uses its sources of funds primarily to meet ongoing financial commitments, including withdrawals by depositors, credit commitments to borrowers, operating expenses and capital expenditures. At September 30, 2026, approved outstanding loan commitments, including unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit, amounted to $536.6 million. Certificates of deposits and brokered deposits scheduled to mature in one year or less at September 30, 2026 totaled $1.0 billion.

Management is not aware of any other events or regulatory requirements that, if implemented, are likely to have a material effect on either the Company’s or the Bank’s liquidity.

67

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis contains financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures, specifically tangible common equity, tangible assets, tangible book value per common share, tangible common equity to tangible assets, average tangible common equity, return on average tangible common equity, total interest income - FTE, net interest income - FTE, net interest margin - FTE, adjusted total revenue, pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue (loss), adjusted pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue, adjusted noninterest income (loss), adjusted noninterest expense, adjusted income (loss) before income taxes, adjusted income tax provision (benefit), adjusted net income (loss), adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share, adjusted return on average assets, adjusted return on average shareholders’ equity, adjusted return on average tangible common equity, adjusted nonperforming loans to total loans, and adjusted allowance for credit losses - loans to nonperforming loans are used by the Company’s management to measure the strength of its capital and analyze profitability, including its ability to generate earnings on tangible capital invested by its shareholders. The Company also believes that it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present total interest income, net interest income and net interest margin on a fully-taxable equivalent basis, as those measures provide useful information for peer comparisons. Although the Company believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide a greater understanding of its business, they should not be considered a substitute for financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP financial measures that may be presented by other companies. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included in the following table for each of the periods presented.

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025
Total equity - GAAP$354,408 $352,168 $354,408 $352,168 
Adjustments:
   Goodwill(4,687)(4,687)(4,687)(4,687)
Tangible common equity$349,721 $347,481 $349,721 $347,481 
Total assets - GAAP$5,888,003 $5,639,174 $5,888,003 $5,639,174 
Adjustments:
  Goodwill(4,687)(4,687)(4,687)(4,687)
Tangible assets$5,883,316 $5,634,487 $5,883,316 $5,634,487 
Common shares outstanding8,733,5748,713,0948,733,5748,713,094
Book value per common share$40.58 $40.42 $40.58 $40.42 
   Effect of goodwill(0.54)(0.54)(0.54)(0.54)
Tangible book value per common share$40.04 $39.88 $40.04 $39.88 
Total shareholders’ equity to assets6.02 %6.25 %6.02 %6.25 %
   Effect of goodwill(0.08%)(0.08%)(0.08%)(0.08%)
Tangible common equity to tangible assets5.94 %6.17 %5.94 %6.17 %
Total average equity - GAAP$368,091 $391,886 $370,849 $391,930 
Adjustments:
   Average goodwill(4,687)(4,687)(4,687)(4,687)
Average tangible common equity$363,404 $387,199 $366,162 $387,243 
Return on average shareholders’ equity5.19%(42.11%)3.50%(13.80%)
   Effect of goodwill0.07%(0.51%)0.04%(0.17%)
Return on average tangible common equity5.26%(42.62%)3.54%(13.97%)
1 Assuming a 21% tax rate



68





(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025
Total interest income$80,031 $84,388 $232,477 $242,103 
Adjustments:
   Fully-taxable equivalent adjustments 1
1,116 1,158 3,418 3,484 
Total interest income - FTE$81,147 $85,546 $235,895 $245,587 
Net interest income$34,742 $30,352 $98,779 $83,438 
Adjustments:
   Fully-taxable equivalent adjustments 1
1,116 1,158 3,418 3,484 
Net interest income - FTE$35,858 $31,510 $102,197 $86,922 
Net interest margin2.47 %2.04 %2.41 %1.94 %
   Effect of fully-taxable equivalent adjustments 1
0.08 %0.08 %0.08 %0.08 %
Net interest margin - FTE2.55 %2.12 %2.49 %2.02 %
Total revenue- GAAP$43,941 $5,705 $128,181 $74,775 
Adjustments:
  Loss on sale of loans— 37,823 — 37,823 
Adjusted total revenue$43,941 $43,528 $128,181 $112,598 
Net income (loss) - GAAP$4,819 $(41,593)$9,695 $(40,457)
Adjustments: 1
   Provision for credit losses11,629 34,789 41,349 60,330 
   Income tax provision (benefit)236 (12,950)(1,269)(15,914)
Pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue (loss)$16,684 $(19,754)$49,775 $3,959 
Pre-provision net revenue (loss)$16,684 $(19,754)$49,775 $3,959 
Adjustments:
  Loss on sale of loans— 37,823 — 37,823 
  Employee severance expense371 — 371 — 
Adjusted pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue$17,055 $18,069 $50,146 $41,782 
Noninterest income (loss) - GAAP$9,199 $(24,647)$29,402 $(8,663)
Adjustments:
  Loss on sale of loans— 37,823 — 37,823 
Adjusted noninterest income$9,199 $13,176 $29,402 $29,160 
Noninterest expense - GAAP$27,257 $25,459 $78,406 $70,816 
Adjustments:
   Employee severance expense(371)— (371)— 
Adjusted noninterest expense$26,886 $25,459 $78,035 $70,816 
Income (loss) before income taxes - GAAP$5,055 $(54,543)$8,426 $(56,371)
Adjustments:
  Loss on sale of loans— 37,823 — 37,823 
  Employee severance expense371 — 371 — 
Adjusted income (loss) before income taxes$5,426 $(16,720)$8,797 $(18,548)
1 Assuming a 21% tax rate
69

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025		September 30,
2026		September 30,
2025
Income tax provision (benefit) - GAAP$236 $(12,950)$(1,269)$(15,914)
Adjustments:1
   Loss on sale of loans— 8,699 — 8,699 
   Employee severance expense78 — 78 — 
Adjusted income tax provision (benefit) $314 $(4,251)$(1,191)$(7,215)
Net income (loss) - GAAP$4,819 $(41,593)$9,695 $(40,457)
Adjustments:1
   Loss on sale of loans— 29,124 — 29,124 
   Employee severance expense293 — 293 — 
Adjusted net income (loss)$5,112 $(12,469)$9,988 $(11,333)
Diluted average common shares outstanding8,865,954 8,742,052 8,821,890 8,730,519 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share - GAAP$0.54 $(4.76)$1.10 $(4.63)
Adjustments:
   Effect of loss on sale of loans— 3.33 — 3.34 
   Effect of employee severance expense0.03 — 0.03 — 
Adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share$0.57 $(1.43)$1.13 $(1.29)
Return on average assets0.33%(2.71%)0.23%(0.91%)
   Effect of loss on sale of loans— %1.90 %— %0.66 %
   Effect of employee severance expense0.02%—%0.01%—%
Adjusted return on average assets0.35%(0.81%)0.24%(0.25%)
Return on average shareholders' equity5.19%(42.11%)3.50%(13.80%)
   Effect of loss on sale of loans— %29.48 %— %9.94 %
   Effect of employee severance expense0.32%—%0.11%—%
Adjusted return on average shareholders’ equity5.51%(12.63%)3.61%(3.86%)
Return on average tangible common equity5.26%(42.62%)3.54%(13.97%)
   Effect of loss on sale of loans— %29.84 %— %10.06%
   Effect of employee severance expense0.32%—%0.11%—%
Adjusted return on average tangible common equity5.58%(12.78%)3.65%(3.91%)
Nonperforming loans to total loans1.63%1.47%1.63%1.47%
Adjustments:
   Fully guaranteed balances(0.49%)(0.29%)(0.49%)(0.29%)
Adjusted nonperforming loans to total loans1.14%1.18%1.14%1.18%
Allowance for credit losses - loans to nonperforming loans90.97%112.53%90.97%112.53%
Adjustments:
   Fully guaranteed balances39.79%27.83%39.79%27.83%
Adjusted allowance for credit losses - loans to nonperforming loans130.76%140.36%130.76%140.36%
1 Assuming a 21% tax rate

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
There have been no material changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies or estimates from those disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
Refer to Note 15 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
71

ITEM 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

     Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments due to changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and equity prices. The primary source of market risk for the Company is interest rate risk, which can be defined as the risk to earnings and the value of our equity resulting from changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises in the normal course of business to the extent that there are timing and volume differences between the amount of interest-earning assets and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities that are prepaid, withdrawn, re-priced or mature in specified periods. We seek to achieve consistent growth in net interest income and equity while managing volatility arising from shifts in market interest rates.

We monitor the Company’s interest rate risk position using income simulation models and economic value of equity (“EVE”) sensitivity analysis that capture both short-term and long-term interest rate risk exposure. Income simulation involves forecasting net interest income (“NII”) under a variety of interest rate scenarios. We use EVE sensitivity analysis to understand the impact of changes in interest rates on long-term cash flows, income and capital. EVE is calculated by discounting the cash flows for all balance sheet instruments under different interest-rate scenarios. Modeling the sensitivity of NII and EVE to changes in market interest rates is highly dependent on the assumptions incorporated into the modeling process, especially those pertaining to non-maturity deposit accounts. These assumptions are reviewed and refined on an ongoing basis by the Company. We continually model our NII and EVE positions with various interest rate scenarios and assumptions of future balance sheet composition. We utilize implied forward rates in the base case scenario which reflects market expectations for rate changes over the next 24 months. Presented below is the estimated impact on our NII and EVE position as of September 30, 2026, assuming a static balance sheet and instantaneous parallel shifts in interest rates:

% Change from Base Case for Instantaneous Parallel Changes in Rates
Implied Forward Curve -200 Basis PointsImplied Forward Curve -100 Basis Points Base Implied Forward CurveImplied Forward Curve +50 Basis PointsImplied Forward Curve +100 Basis Points
NII - Year 18.97 %5.28 %N/A(2.30 %)(4.50 %)
NII - Year 28.58 %6.59 %1.65 %(1.06 %)(3.87 %)
EVE15.92 %9.07 %N/A(4.93 %)(9.97 %)

To supplement the instantaneous rate shocks required by regulatory guidance, we also calculate our interest rate risk position assuming a gradual change in market interest rates. This gradual change is commonly referred to as a “rate ramp” and evenly allocates a change in interest rates over a specified time period.

Presented below is the estimated impact on the Company’s NII and EVE position as of September 30, 2026, assuming a static balance sheet and gradual parallel shifts in interest rates:

% Change from Base Case for Gradual Changes in Rates
Implied Forward Curve -200 Basis PointsImplied Forward Curve -100 Basis PointsBase Implied Forward CurveImplied Forward Curve +50 Basis PointsImplied Forward Curve +100 Basis Points
NII - Year 16.69 %4.28 %N/A0.24 %(0.94 %)
NII - Year 210.19 %7.06 %1.65 %(0.81 %)(3.49 %)
EVE14.98 %8.57 %N/A(4.52 %)(9.14 %)

72

The NII and EVE figures presented in the tables above are reflective of a static balance sheet, and do not incorporate either balance sheet growth or contraction, or strategies to increase net interest income while managing volatility arising from shifts in market interest rates. As such, it is likely that actual results will differ from what is presented in the tables above. Balance sheet strategies to achieve such objectives may include:

•Increasing the proportion of low-duration or variable-rate loans to total loans, including organic growth in small business, construction or C&I lending, and declines in longer-term loan portfolios
•Selling longer-term fixed rate loans
•Increasing the proportion of lower cost non-maturity deposits to total deposits
•Extending the duration of wholesale funding
•Executing derivative strategies to synthetically extend liabilities or shorten asset duration
•Repositioning the investment portfolio to manage its duration

ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. These controls and procedures are also designed to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, the Company has recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Management is required to apply judgment in evaluating its controls and procedures.
 
The Company performed an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers, to assess the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures under the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2026.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2026 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
73

PART II
 
ITEM 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries are party to any material legal proceedings. From time to time, the Bank is a party to legal actions arising from its normal business activities.
 
ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
 
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.


ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS 

Repurchases of Common Stock

On October 20, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of the Company's outstanding common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Under the program, the Company repurchased 27,998 shares of common stock, at an average price of $18.64, for a total investment of $0.5 million as of September 30, 2026. The stock repurchase authorization is scheduled to expire on September 30, 2027.

The following table presents information with respect to purchases of the Company’s common stock made by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3), during the third quarter 2026.

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Total Number of Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid Per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased As Part of Publicly Announced Programs
Approximate Dollar Value Of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under The Program
July 1, 2026 - July 31, 2026
—$— —$24,478 
August 1, 2026 - August 31, 2026
—$— —$24,478 
September 1, 2026 - September 30, 2026
—$— —$24,478 
Total
——

Limitations on the Payment of Dividends

The ability of the Company to make capital distributions, including paying dividends and repurchasing shares, depends upon our receipt of dividends from the Bank. The ability of the Bank to pay dividends is limited by state and federal laws and regulations, including the requirement for the Bank to obtain the prior approval of the Indiana Department of Financial Institutions (“DFI”) before paying a dividend that, together with other dividends it has paid during a calendar year, would exceed the sum of its net income for the year to date combined with its retained net income for the previous two years. The ability of the Bank to pay dividends is further affected by the requirement to maintain adequate capital pursuant to applicable capital adequacy guidelines and regulations, and it is generally prohibited from paying any dividends if, following payment thereof, it would be undercapitalized. Even if funds are available for dividends, the FDIC and the DFI may prohibit the payment of dividends by the Bank if either or both determine such payment would be unsafe or unsound. In addition, under the Basel III Capital Rules, institutions that seek the freedom to pay dividends have to maintain 2.5% in Common Equity Tier 1 Capital attributable to the capital conservation buffer.


ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None.
 
ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
 
Not Applicable.
74

 
ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION

During the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2026, none of the Company’s directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted, modified or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as such terms are defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K).
 
ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS 
Exhibit No.DescriptionMethod of Filing
3.1
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of First Internet Bancorp (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to current report on Form 8-K filed May 21, 2020)
Incorporated by Reference
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of First Internet Bancorp (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to current report on Form 8-K filed May 21, 2020)
Incorporated by Reference
4.1
Subordinated Indenture, dated as of September 30, 2016, between First Internet Bancorp and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to current report on Form 8-K filed September 30, 2016)
Incorporated by Reference
4.2
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 10, 2026, between First Internet Bancorp and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to current report on Form 8-K filed August 16, 2021)
Incorporated by Reference
4.3
Forms of 8.0% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Note due September 15, 2036 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to current report on Form 8-K filed September 10, 2026)
Incorporated by Reference
10.1
Form of Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement, dated September 10, 2026 by and among First Internet Bancorp and the Purchasers* (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to current report on Form 8-K filed September 10, 2026)
Incorporated by Reference
10.2
Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 10, 2026, by and among First Internet Bancorp and the Purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to current report on Form 8-K filed September 10, 2026)
Incorporated by Reference
31.1
Filed Electronically
31.2
Filed Electronically
32.1
Furnished Electronically
101Inline XBRL Instance Document (does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)Filed Electronically
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension SchemaFiled Electronically
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation LinkbaseFiled Electronically
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition LinkbaseFiled Electronically
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label LinkbaseFiled Electronically
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation LinkbaseFiled Electronically
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)Filed Electronically

75

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
FIRST INTERNET BANCORP
11/4/2026By/s/ David B. Becker
David B. Becker,
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(on behalf of Registrant)
11/4/2026By/s/ Kenneth J. Lovik
Kenneth J. Lovik,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer)
 
76

What is the market capitalization of a company?

The market capitalization sometimes referred as Marketcap, is the value of a publicly listed company.
In most cases it can be easily calculated by multiplying the share price with the amount of outstanding shares.

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