Granite Construction - 10-Q quarterly report FY2012 Q1

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

	Commission File Number: 1-12911

GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED



State of Incorporation:	I.R.S. Employer Identification Number:
Delaware	77-0239383

Address of principal executive offices:

585 W. Beach Street

Watsonville, California 95076

(831) 724-1011

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer x	Accelerated filer o	Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of April 27, 2012.



Class		Outstanding
Common Stock, $0.01 par value		38,647,196 shares

Index



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Item 1.	Financial Statements
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
		Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures
	Item 5.	Other Information
	Item 6.	Exhibits
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT 31.1
EXHIBIT 31.2
EXHIBIT 32
EXHIBIT 95
EXHIBIT 101.INS
EXHIBIT 101.SCH
EXHIBIT 101.CAL
EXHIBIT 101.DEF
EXHIBIT 101.LAB
EXHIBIT 101.PRE

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited - in thousands, except share and per share data)

	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	226,226	$	256,990	$	240,768
Short-term marketable securities	70,444		70,408		83,084
Receivables, net	208,707		251,838		170,441
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	49,962		37,703		33,302
Inventories	67,782		50,975		56,899
Real estate held for development and sale	58,363		67,037		77,128
Deferred income taxes	38,571		38,571		52,583
Equity in construction joint ventures	91,951		101,029		78,773
Other current assets	34,882		35,171		44,059
Total current assets	846,888		909,722		837,037
Property and equipment, net	442,132		447,140		468,929
Long-term marketable securities	70,114		79,250		46,251
Investments in affiliates	30,972		31,071		28,893
Other noncurrent assets	79,849		80,616		83,478
Total assets	$	1,469,955	$	1,547,799	$	1,464,588

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	9,102	$	9,102	$	8,351
Current maturities of non-recourse debt	19,765		23,071		17,740
Accounts payable	129,480		158,660		94,688
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	87,370		90,845		113,347
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	148,196		166,790		144,584
Total current liabilities	393,913		448,468		378,710
Long-term debt	208,501		208,501		216,852
Long-term non-recourse debt	1,371		9,912		30,454
Other long-term liabilities	50,011		49,221		47,943
Deferred income taxes	3,393		4,034		11,048
Commitments and contingencies
Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 3,000,000 shares, none outstanding	—		—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 38,621,370 shares as of March 31, 2012, 38,682,771 shares as of December 31, 2011 and 38,634,470 shares as of March 31, 2011	386		387		386
Additional paid-in capital	110,432		111,514		102,548
Retained earnings	670,462		687,296		642,354
Total Granite Construction Incorporated shareholders’ equity	781,280		799,197		745,288
Noncontrolling interests	31,486		28,466		34,293
Total equity	812,766		827,663		779,581
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,469,955	$	1,547,799	$	1,464,588

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited - in thousands, except per share data)

Three Months Ended March 31,	2012			2011
Revenue
Construction	$	117,946		$	92,692
Large project construction	163,928			137,820
Construction materials	25,623			23,798
Real estate	2,663			2,421
Total revenue	310,160			256,731
Cost of revenue
Construction	109,366			87,139
Large project construction	141,679			106,522
Construction materials	31,573			31,068
Real estate	2,606			2,014
Total cost of revenue	285,224			226,743
Gross profit	24,936			29,988
Selling, general and administrative expenses	43,188			43,372
Gain on sales of property and equipment	1,917			2,704
Operating loss	(16,335		)	(10,680		)
Other income (expense)
Interest income	1,044			1,244
Interest expense	(3,182		)	(3,356		)
Equity in loss of affiliates	(617		)	(257		)
Other income, net	6,871			570
Total other income (expense)	4,116			(1,799		)
Loss before benefit from income taxes	(12,219		)	(12,479		)
Benefit from income taxes	(3,532		)	(5,223		)
Net loss	(8,687		)	(7,256		)
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(3,086		)	(1,751		)
Net loss attributable to Granite Construction Incorporated	$	(11,773	)	$	(9,007	)

Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders (see Note 13)
Basic	$	(0.31	)	$	(0.24	)
Diluted	$	(0.31	)	$	(0.24	)
Weighted average shares of common stock
Basic	38,265			37,963
Diluted	38,265			37,963
Dividends per common share	$	0.13		$	0.13

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited - in thousands)

Three Months Ended March 31,	2012			2011
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(8,687	)	$	(7,256	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	14,961			15,291
Gain from restructuring, net	(1,888		)	—
Gain on sales of property and equipment	(1,917		)	(2,704		)
Stock-based compensation	4,196			3,149
Gain on company owned life insurance	(1,203		)	(550		)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of the effects of consolidations:
Receivables	41,950			76,415
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings, net	(15,734		)	(29,621		)
Inventories	(16,807		)	(5,881		)
Real estate held for development and sale	60			(1,715		)
Equity in construction joint ventures	9,078			(4,057		)
Other assets, net	829			463
Accounts payable	(29,178		)	(35,012		)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, net	(18,533		)	(7,846		)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(22,873		)	676
Investing activities
Purchases of marketable securities	(24,987		)	(27,341		)
Maturities of marketable securities	15,000			24,000
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities	20,000			14,268
Additions to property and equipment	(9,225		)	(11,760		)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment	2,883			4,623
Other investing activities, net	(294		)	1,221
Net cash provided by investing activities	3,377			5,011
Financing activities
Long-term debt principal payments	(2,500		)	(7,235		)
Cash dividends paid	(5,021		)	(5,038		)
Purchase of common stock	(3,837		)	(3,515		)
Distributions to noncontrolling partners, net	(66		)	(2,062		)
Other financing activities, net	156			909
Net cash used in financing activities	(11,268		)	(16,941		)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(30,764		)	(11,254		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	256,990			252,022
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	226,226		$	240,768



Supplementary Information
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	610	$	936
Income taxes	305		33
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Restricted stock/units issued, net of forfeitures	$	10,940	$	3,964
Accrued cash dividends	5,021		5,023
Debt payments out of escrow from sale of assets	659		837
Debt extinguishment from joint venture interest transfer	9,115		—
Debt payment from refinance	1,150		—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


1.	Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by Granite Construction Incorporated (“we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” or “Granite”) without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted, although we believe the disclosures which are made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Further, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary to state fairly our financial position at March 31, 2012 and 2011 and the results of our operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The December 31, 2011 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.

We prepared the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements on the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements except for the adoption of the following new accounting standards in the first quarter of 2012:

•

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income, which eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of stockholders’ equity or as a footnote to the condensed consolidated financial statements, and provides the option of presenting comprehensive income in a continuous statement of comprehensive income. This standard became effective for our quarter ended March 31, 2012 and requires prior year amounts to conform to current year presentation. For all periods presented the comprehensive loss was equal to the net loss; therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive loss is not included in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

•

ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards, which clarifies the application of certain existing fair value measurement guidance and expands the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs and for assets and liabilities disclosed but not recorded at fair value. This standard was effective for our quarter ended March 31, 2012. As a result of this new standard, we disclosed the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities disclosed but not recorded at fair value were categorized (see Note 4). Other items in this new standard had no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

•

ASU No. 2011-08, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment, which gives companies the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value when assessing goodwill for impairment. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, further impairment analysis is not necessary. However, if it is concluded otherwise, we are required to perform step one of the goodwill impairment test. This standard was effective for annual goodwill impairment tests performed for our 2012 fiscal year and early adoption was permitted. For the annual impairment test performed for our 2011 fiscal year, we elected to perform step one of the impairment test and did not apply this new standard. Therefore, this new standard had no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Interim results are subject to significant seasonal variations and the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


2.	Revisions in Estimates

Our profit recognition related to construction contracts is based on estimates of costs to complete each project. These estimates can vary in the normal course of business as projects progress and uncertainties are resolved. We do not recognize revenue on contract change orders or claims until we have a signed agreement; however, we do recognize costs as incurred and revisions to estimated total costs as soon as the obligation to perform is determined. Approved change orders and claims, as well as changes in related estimates of costs to complete, are considered revisions in estimates. We use the cumulative catch-up method applicable to construction contract accounting to account for revisions in estimates. Under this option, revisions in estimates are accounted for in their entirety in the period of change. As of March 31, 2012, we had no revisions in estimates that are reasonably certain to impact future periods.

Construction

The net changes in project profitability from revisions in estimates, both increases and decreases, that individually had an impact of $1.0 million or more on gross profit was a net decrease of $0.2 million and a net increase of $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The projects are summarized as follows:

Increases



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)			2012		2011
Number of projects with upward estimate changes			2		1
Range of increase in gross profit from each project, net		$	1.0 - 1.8	$	1.0
Increase on project profitability		$	2.8	$	1.0

The increases during the three months ended March 31, 2012 were due to lower than anticipated costs and settlement of outstanding issues with contract owners. The increase during the three months ended March 31, 2011 was due to owner directed scope changes.

Decreases



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)			2012		2011
Number of projects with downward estimate changes			1		—
Reduction in gross profit from each project, net		$	3.0	$	—
Decrease on project profitability		$	3.0	$	—

The decrease during the three months ended March 31, 2012 was due to lower productivity than originally anticipated.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Large Project Construction

The net changes in project profitability from revisions in estimates, both increases and decreases, that individually had an impact of $1.0 million or more on gross profit were net increases of $4.4 million and $5.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests were $1.3 million and $0.4 million of the net increases for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The projects are summarized as follows:

Increases



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)			2012		2011
Number of projects with upward estimate changes			4		3
Range of increase in gross profit from each project, net		$	1.6 - 2.4	$	1.0 - 4.2
Increase on project profitability		$	8.1	$	8.8

The increases during the three months ended March 31, 2012 were due to owner directed scope changes and lower than anticipated construction costs. The increases during the three months ended March 31, 2011 were due to resolution of project uncertainties.

Decreases



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)			2012		2011
Number of projects with downward estimate changes			2		1
Range of reduction in gross profit from each project, net		$	1.5 - 2.2	$	2.9
Decrease on project profitability		$	3.7	$	2.9

The downward estimate changes during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011were due to lower productivity than anticipated.

Our wholly owned subsidiaries, Granite Construction Company (“GCCO”) and Granite Northwest, Inc., are members of a joint venture known as Yaquina River Constructors (“YRC”) which has been under contract with the Oregon Department of Transportation (“ODOT”) to construct a new road alignment of U.S. Highway 20 near Eddyville, Oregon. In addition to previous geologic landslide issues, unanticipated ground movement was observed at several hillsides beginning in 2010. YRC and ODOT have been in dispute regarding their respective responsibilities under the terms of the contract relative to the project revisions necessary on account of the unanticipated ground movement. In March 2012, YRC received a Notice of Default (the “Notice”) from ODOT which YRC believes was without merit. Subsequent to March 31, 2012, ODOT and YRC have reached a settlement that withdraws and rescinds the Notice and releases both parties from claims against the other. The settlement ends YRC’s responsibility to complete the project following limited site maintenance and demobilization work by YRC. The settlement does not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


3.	Marketable Securities

All marketable securities were classified as held-to-maturity for the dates presented and the carrying amounts of held-to-maturity securities were as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
U.S. Government and agency obligations	$	35,123	$	40,240	$	48,240
Commercial paper	24,988		24,980		19,986
Municipal bonds	2,052		2,057		9,825
Corporate bonds	8,281		3,131		5,033
Total short-term marketable securities	70,444		70,408		83,084
U.S. Government and agency obligations	61,247		65,109		39,415
Municipal bonds	8,867		8,909		3,625
Corporate bonds	—		5,232		3,211
Total long-term marketable securities	70,114		79,250		46,251
Total marketable securities	$	140,558	$	149,658	$	129,335

Scheduled maturities of held-to-maturity investments were as follows (in thousands):



March 31, 2012
Due within one year	$	70,444
Due in one to five years	70,114
Total	$	140,558

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


4.	Fair Value Measurement

Effective in 2012, we adopted a new accounting standard that expands the disclosure of our assets and liabilities disclosed but not recorded at fair value. As of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, these assets and liabilities were our held-to-maturity marketable securities and senior notes payable. The following tables summarize each class of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as well as assets and liabilities that are disclosed but not recorded at fair value:



March 31, 2012	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in thousands)	Level 1¹		Level 2²		Level 3³		Total
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	157,034	$	—	$	—	$	157,034

Marketable securities
Held-to-maturity marketable securities	140,728		—		—		140,728
Total assets	$	297,762	$	—	$	—	$	297,762

Long-term debt (including current maturities)
Senior notes payable	$	—	$	—	$	246,600	$	246,600
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	246,600	$	246,600



December 31, 2011	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in thousands)	Level 1¹		Level 2²		Level 3³		Total
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	178,174	$	—	$	—	$	178,174

Marketable securities
Held-to-maturity marketable securities	149,979		—		—		149,979
Total assets	$	328,153	$	—	$	—	$	328,153

Long-term debt (including current maturities)
Senior notes payable	$	—	$	—	$	250,541	$	250,541
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	250,541	$	250,541



March 31, 2011	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in thousands)	Level 1¹		Level 2²		Level 3³		Total
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	197,714	$	—	$	—	$	197,714

Marketable securities
Held-to-maturity marketable securities	129,815		—		—		129,815
Total assets	$	327,529	$	—	$	—	$	327,529

Long-term debt (including current maturities)
Senior notes payable	$	—	$	—	$	242,524	$	242,524
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	242,524	$	242,524

¹Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

²Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

³Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

A reconciliation of money market funds to consolidated cash and cash equivalents is as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Money market funds	$	157,034	$	178,174	$	197,714
Held-to-maturity commercial paper	4,997		4,999		14,993
Cash	64,195		73,817		28,061
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	226,226	$	256,990	$	240,768

We believe the carrying values of receivables, other current assets, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. In addition, we believe the carrying value of non-recourse debt approximates its fair value due its relative short-term nature and competitive interest rates. The fair value of the senior notes payable was based on borrowing rates available to us for long-term loans with similar terms, average maturities, and credit risk. The carrying amount of senior notes payable, including current maturities, was $216.7 million, $225.0 million and $225.0 million as of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively. See Note 3 for the carrying amount of held-to-maturity marketable securities as of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011.

We measure certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. During the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, we did not record any significant fair value adjustments related to nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.


5.	Receivables, net



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Construction contracts:
Completed and in progress	$	101,659	$	122,987	$	69,095
Retentions	70,071		77,038		77,523
Total construction contracts	171,730		200,025		146,618
Construction material sales	26,959		30,356		13,964
Other	12,837		24,337		13,024
Total gross receivables	211,526		254,718		173,606
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts	2,819		2,880		3,165
Total net receivables	$	208,707	$	251,838	$	170,441

Receivables include amounts billed and billable for public and private contracts and do not bear interest. The balances billed but not paid by customers pursuant to retainage provisions in construction contracts generally become due upon completion and acceptance of the contract by the owners. Included in other receivables at March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011 were items such as notes receivable, interest receivable, fuel tax refunds and income tax refunds. No such receivables individually exceeded 10% of total net receivables at any of these dates.

Financing receivables consisted of long-term notes receivable and retentions receivable. As of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, long-term notes receivable outstanding were $2.0 million for each year and primarily related to loans made to employees and were included in other noncurrent assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We segregate our retention receivables into two categories: escrow and non-escrow. The balances in each category were as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Escrow	$	46,430	$	43,378	$	34,945
Non-escrow	23,641		33,660		42,578
Total retention receivables	$	70,071	$	77,038	$	77,523

The escrow receivables include amounts due to Granite which have been deposited into an escrow account and bear interest. Typically, escrow retention receivables are held until work on a project is complete and has been accepted by the owner who then releases those funds, along with accrued interest, to us. There is minimal risk of not collecting on these amounts.

Non-escrow retention receivables are amounts that the project owner has contractually withheld that will be paid upon owner acceptance of contract completion. We evaluate our non-escrow retention receivables for collectability using certain customer information that includes the following:


•	Federal - includes federal agencies such as the Bureau of Reclamation, the Army Corp of Engineers, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The obligations of these agencies are backed by the federal government. Consequently, there is minimal risk of not collecting the amounts we are entitled to receive.


•	State - primarily state departments of transportation. The risk of not collecting on these accounts is small; however, we have experienced occasional delays in payment as states have struggled with budget issues.


•	Local - these customers include local agencies such as cities, counties and other local municipal agencies. The risk of not collecting on these accounts is small; however, we have experienced occasional delays in payment as some local agencies have struggled to deal with budget issues.

•

Private - includes individuals, developers and corporations. The majority of our collection risk is associated with these customers. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and generally do not require collateral, although the law provides us certain remedies, including, but not limited to, the ability to file mechanics’ liens on real property improved for private customers in the event of non-payment by such customers.

The following table summarizes the amount of our non-escrow retention receivables within each category:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Federal	$	2,306	$	2,811	$	3,587
State	4,342		5,453		7,994
Local	10,827		14,708		21,476
Private	6,166		10,688		9,521
Total	$	23,641	$	33,660	$	42,578

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(Unaudited)

We regularly review our accounts receivable, including past due amounts, to determine their probability of collection. If it is probable that an amount is uncollectible, it is charged to bad debt expense and a corresponding reserve is established in allowance for doubtful accounts. If it is deemed certain that an amount is uncollectible, the amount is written off. Based on contract terms, non-escrow retention receivables are typically due within 60 days of owner acceptance of contract completion. We consider retention amounts beyond 60 days of owner acceptance of contract completion to be past due. The following tables present the aging of our non-escrow retention receivables (in thousands):



March 31, 2012	Current		1 - 90 Days Past Due		Over 90 Days Past Due		Total
Federal	$	1,169	$	1,078	$	59	$	2,306
State	2,490		795		1,057		4,342
Local	4,915		3,720		2,192		10,827
Private	5,167		674		325		6,166
Total	$	13,741	$	6,267	$	3,633	$	23,641



December 31, 2011	Current		1 - 90 Days Past Due		Over 90 Days Past Due		Total
Federal	$	2,462	$	326	$	23	$	2,811
State	2,751		860		1,842		5,453
Local	12,313		1,326		1,069		14,708
Private	9,599		765		324		10,688
Total	$	27,125	$	3,277	$	3,258	$	33,660



March 31, 2011	Current		1 - 90 Days Past Due		Over 90 Days Past Due		Total
Federal	$	2,690	$	666	$	231	$	3,587
State	6,177		600		1,217		7,994
Local	16,698		2,426		2,352		21,476
Private	8,783		315		423		9,521
Total	$	34,348	$	4,007	$	4,223	$	42,578

Federal, state and local agencies generally require several approvals to release payments, and these approvals often take over 90 days past contractual due dates to obtain. Amounts past due from government agencies primarily result from delays caused by paperwork processing and obtaining proper agency approvals rather than lack of funds. As of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, our allowance for doubtful accounts contained no material provision related to non-escrow retention receivables as we determined there were no significant collectibility issues.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


6.	Construction and Line Item Joint Ventures

We participate in various construction joint venture partnerships. We also participate in various “line item” joint venture agreements under which each partner is responsible for performing certain discrete items of the total scope of contracted work.

Our agreements with our joint venture partners for both construction joint ventures and line item joint ventures provide that each party will pay for any losses it is responsible for under the joint venture agreement. Circumstances that could lead to a loss under our joint venture arrangements beyond our stated ownership interest include the failure of a partner to contribute additional funds to the venture in the event the project incurs a loss or additional costs that we could incur should a partner fail to provide the services and resources that it had committed to provide in the joint venture agreement. Due to the joint and several nature of the obligations under our joint venture arrangements, if one of our joint venture partners fails to perform, we and the remaining joint venture partners would be responsible for performance of the outstanding work.

At March 31, 2012, there was approximately $2.2 billion of construction revenue to be recognized on unconsolidated and line item construction joint venture contracts of which $0.8 billion represented our share and the remaining $1.4 billion represented our partners’ share. We are not able to estimate amounts that may be required beyond the remaining cost of the work to be performed. These costs could be offset by billings to the customer or by proceeds from our partners’ corporate and/or other guarantees.

Construction Joint Ventures

Generally, each construction joint venture is formed to complete a specific contract and is jointly controlled by the joint venture partners. The joint venture agreements typically provide that our interests in any profits and assets, and our respective share in any losses and liabilities resulting from the performance of the contracts are limited to our stated percentage interest in the project. We have no significant commitments beyond completion of the contracts. Under our contractual arrangements, we provide capital to these joint ventures in return for an ownership interest. In addition, partners dedicate resources to the ventures necessary to complete the contracts and are reimbursed for their cost. The operational risks of each construction joint venture are passed along to the joint venture partners. As we absorb our share of these risks, our investment in each venture is exposed to potential losses.

We have determined that certain of these joint ventures are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) as defined by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810, Consolidation, and related standards. To ascertain if we are required to consolidate the VIE, we continually evaluate whether we are the VIE’s primary beneficiary. The factors we consider in determining whether we are a VIE’s primary beneficiary include the decision authority of each partner, which partner manages the day-to-day operations of the project and the amount of our equity investment in relation to that of our partners.

Based on our primary beneficiary assessment during the three months ended March 31, 2012, we determined no change was required to the accounting for existing construction joint ventures.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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Consolidated Construction Joint Ventures

The carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of construction joint ventures we are required to consolidate are included in our condensed consolidated financial statements as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Cash and cash equivalents¹	$	69,423	$	75,122	$	107,978
Other current assets	40,410		33,750		26,666
Total current assets	109,833		108,872		134,644
Noncurrent assets	7,516		8,671		6,686
Total assets²	$	117,349	$	117,543	$	141,330

Accounts payable	$	28,591	$	38,193	$	25,952
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings¹	24,827		22,251		40,413
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	5,640		5,129		8,526
Total current liabilities	59,058		65,573		74,891
Noncurrent liabilities	28		4		1
Total liabilities²	$	59,086	$	65,577	$	74,892

¹The volume and stage of completion of contracts from our consolidated construction joint ventures may cause fluctuations in cash and cash equivalents, as well as billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings between periods.

²The assets and liabilities of each joint venture relate solely to that joint venture. The decision to distribute joint venture cash and cash equivalents and assets must generally be made jointly by all of the partners and, accordingly, these cash and cash equivalents and assets generally are not available for the working capital needs of Granite.

At March 31, 2012, we were engaged in two active consolidated construction joint venture projects with total contract values of $235.9 million and $317.5 million. Our proportionate share of the equity in these joint ventures was 45.0% and 60.0%, respectively.

Unconsolidated Construction Joint Ventures

We account for our share of construction joint ventures that we are not required to consolidate on a pro rata basis in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and as a single line item on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2012, these unconsolidated joint ventures were engaged in nine active construction projects with total contract values ranging from $57.8 million to $1.2 billion. Our proportionate share of the equity in these unconsolidated joint ventures ranged from 20.0% to 50.0%. As of March 31, 2012, revenue remaining to be recognized on these unconsolidated joint ventures ranged from $2.8 million to $242.2 million.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Following is summary financial information related to unconsolidated construction joint ventures:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents¹	$	341,989	$	338,681	$	331,169
Other assets	236,712		264,901		204,066
Less partners’ interest	362,474		364,979		325,454
Granite’s interest	216,227		238,603		209,781
Liabilities:
Accounts payable	98,872		85,075		76,009
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings¹	240,043		280,650		278,132
Other liabilities	5,645		8,595		9,540
Less partners’ interest	220,284		236,746		232,673
Granite’s interest	124,276		137,574		131,008
Equity in construction joint ventures	$	91,951	$	101,029	$	78,773

¹The volume and stage of completion of contracts from our unconsolidated construction joint ventures may cause fluctuations in cash and cash equivalents, as well as billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings between periods.



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012		2011
Revenue:
Total	$	205,832	$	199,768
Less partners’ interest¹	132,203		126,346
Granite’s interest	73,629		73,422
Cost of revenue:
Total	169,612		150,880
Less partners’ interest¹	109,240		101,864
Granite’s interest	60,372		49,016
Granite’s interest in gross profit	$	13,257	$	24,406

¹Partners’ interest represents amounts to reconcile total revenue and total cost of revenue as reported by our partners to Granite’s interest, adjusted to reflect our accounting policies.

Line Item Joint Ventures

The revenue for each line item joint venture partner’s discrete items of work is defined in the contract with the project owner and each venture partner bears the profitability risk associated with its own work. There is not a single set of books and records for a line item joint venture. Each partner accounts for its items of work individually as it would for any self-performed contract. We account for our portion of these contracts as project revenues and costs in our accounting system and include receivables and payables associated with our work in our condensed consolidated financial statements. As of March 31, 2012, we had four active line item joint venture construction projects with total contract values ranging from $52.1 million to $128.3 million of which our portions ranged from $21.4 million to $53.6 million. As of March 31, 2012, revenue remaining to be recognized on these line item joint ventures ranged from $6.8 million to $37.0 million.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


7.	Real Estate Entities and Investments in Affiliates

The operations of our Real Estate segment are conducted through our wholly owned subsidiary, Granite Land Company (“GLC”). Generally, GLC participates with third-party partners in entities that are formed to accomplish specific real estate development projects. The agreements with GLC’s partners in these real estate entities define each partner’s management role and financial responsibility in the project. If one of GLC’s partners is unable to fulfill its management role or make its required financial contribution, GLC may assume full management or financial responsibility for the project. This may result in the consolidation of entities that are accounted for under the equity method in our consolidated financial statements. The amount of GLC’s exposure is limited to GLC’s equity investment in the real estate joint venture.

Substantially all the assets of these real estate entities in which we are participants through our GLC subsidiary are classified as real estate held for development and sale or real estate held for use. All outstanding debt of these entities is non-recourse to Granite. However, there is recourse to our real estate affiliates that incurred the debt. Our real estate affiliates include limited partnerships or limited liability companies of which we are a limited partner or member. In the fourth quarter of 2010, we publicly announced our work in progress on our Enterprise Improvement Plan which includes business plans to orderly divest of our real estate investment business by the end of 2013, subject to market conditions and our ability to negotiate sales of certain assets at prices acceptable to us. In 2011, development activities were curtailed for the majority of our real estate development projects as divestiture efforts increased. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we recorded amounts associated with the sale or other disposition of two real estate projects, the impact of which was not significant to our results of operations. Subsequent to the sale or other disposition of these projects, GLC had no significant continuing involvement with the associated entities.

GLC receives authorization to provide additional financial support for certain of its real estate entities in increments to address changes in business plans. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, GLC was not authorized to increase its financial support to consolidated real estate entities and during the three months ended March 31, 2011, GLC was authorized to increase its financial support to consolidated real estate entities by $12.0 million on three separate projects. As of March 31, 2012, $3.3 million of the total authorized investment had yet to be contributed to the consolidated entities.

We have determined that certain of the real estate joint ventures are VIEs as defined by ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, and related standards. To ascertain if we are required to consolidate the VIE, we continually evaluate whether we are the VIE’s primary beneficiary. The factors we consider in determining whether we are a VIE’s primary beneficiary include the decision authority of each partner, which partner manages the day-to-day operations of the project and the amount of our equity investment in relation to that of our partners. Based on our ongoing primary beneficiary assessments, there were no changes to our determinations of whether we are the VIE’s primary beneficiary for existing real estate entities during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

To determine if impairment charges should be recognized, the carrying amount of each consolidated real estate development project is reviewed on a quarterly basis in accordance with ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, and each real estate development project accounted for under the equity method of accounting is reviewed in accordance with ASC Topic 323, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. The review of each project includes an evaluation of entitlement status, market conditions, existing offers to purchase, cost of construction, debt load, development schedule, status of joint venture partners and other factors specific to each project to determine if events or changes in circumstances indicate that a project’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that a consolidated project’s carrying amount may not be recoverable, the future undiscounted cash flows are estimated and compared to the project’s carrying amount. In the event that the project’s estimated future undiscounted cash flows or investment’s fair value are not sufficient to recover the carrying amounts, it is written down to its estimated fair value. The projects accounted for under the equity method are evaluated for impairment using the other-than-temporary impairment model, which requires an impairment charge to be recognized if the project’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, and the decline in fair value is deemed to be other than temporary. In the event that the estimated fair value is not sufficient to recover the carrying amount of a project, it is written down to its estimated fair value.

Based on our quarterly evaluations of each project’s business plan and our review of each project, we recorded no significant impairment charges during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Consolidated Real Estate Entities

The carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of real estate entities we are required to consolidate are included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Real estate held for development and sale	$	58,363	$	67,037	$	77,128
Other current assets	2,063		4,715		3,521
Total current assets	60,426		71,752		80,649
Property and equipment, net	—		—		3,283
Other noncurrent assets	—		—		1,043
Total assets	$	60,426	$	71,752	$	84,975

Current maturities of non-recourse debt	$	19,765	$	22,571	$	17,240
Other current liabilities	607		1,794		2,171
Total current liabilities	20,372		24,365		19,411
Long-term non-recourse debt	1,371		9,912		30,454
Other noncurrent liabilities	—		74		309
Total liabilities	$	21,743	$	34,351	$	50,174

Substantially all of the consolidated real estate entities’ real estate held for development and sale as well as property and equipment are pledged as collateral for the debt of the real estate entities. All outstanding debt of the real estate entities is recourse only to the real estate affiliate that incurred the debt (i.e. the limited partnership or limited liability company of which we are a limited partner or member). Our proportionate share of the profits and losses of these entities depends on the ultimate operating results of the entities.

Included in current assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets is real estate held for development and sale. The breakdown by type and location of our real estate held for development and sale is summarized below:



	March 31, 2012			December 31, 2011			March 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)	Amount		Number of Projects	Amount		Number of Projects	Amount		Number of Projects
Residential	$	47,430	3	$	54,610	4	$	55,972	5
Commercial	10,933		4	12,427		5	21,156		6
Total	$	58,363	7	$	67,037	9	$	77,128	11

Washington	$	46,992	2	$	47,600	2	$	45,586	2
California	2,512		4	4,006		5	14,355		7
Texas	8,859		1	8,859		1	8,859		1
Oregon	—		—	6,572		1	8,328		1
Total	$	58,363	7	$	67,037	9	$	77,128	11

Investments in Affiliates

We account for our share of unconsolidated real estate entities in which we have determined we are not the primary beneficiary in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and as a single line item on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as investments in affiliates. At March 31, 2012, these entities were engaged in real estate development projects with total assets ranging from approximately $3.0 million to $48.9 million. Our proportionate share of the profits and losses of these entities depends on the ultimate operating results of the entities.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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Additionally, we have investments in non-real estate affiliates that are accounted for using the equity method. The most significant of these investments is a 50% interest in a limited liability company which owns and operates an asphalt terminal in Nevada. We also have a cost method investment in the preferred stock of a corporation that designs and manufactures power generation equipment.

Our investments in affiliates balance consists of the following:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Equity method investments in real estate affiliates	$	16,725	$	16,478	$	12,147
Equity method investments in other affiliates	11,495		11,841		10,346
Total equity method investments	28,220		28,319		22,493
Cost method investments	2,752		2,752		6,400
Total investments in affiliates	$	30,972	$	31,071	$	28,893

The breakdown by type and location of our interests in real estate affiliates accounted for under the equity method is summarized below:



	March 31, 2012			December 31, 2011			March 31, 2011
(dollars in thousands)	Amount		Number of Projects	Amount		Number of Projects	Amount		Number of Projects
Residential	$	11,977	2	$	11,903	2	$	8,989	2
Commercial	4,748		3	4,575		3	3,158		3
Total	$	16,725	5	$	16,478	5	$	12,147	5

Texas	$	16,725	5	$	16,478	5	$	12,147	5
Total	$	16,725	5	$	16,478	5	$	12,147	5

The following table provides summarized balance sheet information for our affiliates accounted for under the equity method on a 100% combined basis:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Total assets	$	160,588	$	157,771	$	153,652
Net assets	88,138		82,511		80,546
Granite’s share of net assets	28,220		28,319		22,493


8.	Property and Equipment, net

Balances of major classes of assets and allowances for depreciation and depletion are included in property and equipment, net on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Land and land improvements	$	125,596	$	124,216	$	124,932
Quarry property	177,274		175,612		173,067
Buildings and leasehold improvements	81,291		81,272		84,772
Equipment and vehicles	728,407		733,158		774,111
Office furniture and equipment	60,615		55,570		44,174
Property and equipment	1,173,183		1,169,828		1,201,056
Less: accumulated depreciation and depletion	731,051		722,688		732,127
Property and equipment, net	$	442,132	$	447,140	$	468,929

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9.	Intangible Assets

The balances of the following intangible assets are included in other noncurrent assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets:

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Goodwill¹	$	9,900	$	9,900	$	9,900
Use rights and other	393		393		1,319
Total unamortized intangible assets	$	10,293	$	10,293	$	11,219

¹Goodwill for all periods presented primarily relates to our Construction segment.

Amortized Intangible Assets:



March 31, 2012			Accumulated
(in thousands)	Gross Value		Amortization			Net Value
Permits	$	29,713	$	(8,589	)	$	21,124
Customer lists	2,198		(2,000		)	198
Covenants not to compete	1,588		(1,510		)	78
Other	871		(621		)	250
Total amortized intangible assets	$	34,370	$	(12,720	)	$	21,650



December 31, 2011
(in thousands)
Permits	$	29,713	$	(7,573	)	$	22,140
Customer lists	2,198		(1,942		)	256
Covenants not to compete	1,588		(1,476		)	112
Other	871		(583		)	288
Total amortized intangible assets	$	34,370	$	(11,574	)	$	22,796



March 31, 2011
(in thousands)
Permits	$	29,713	$	(6,468	)	$	23,245
Customer lists	2,198		(1,772		)	426
Covenants not to compete	1,588		(1,364		)	224
Other	871		(470		)	401
Total amortized intangible assets	$	34,370	$	(10,074	)	$	24,296

Amortization expense related to these intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 was approximately $1.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Based on the amortized intangible assets balance at March 31, 2012, amortization expense expected to be recorded in the future is as follows: $2.6 million for the remainder of 2012; $1.3 million in 2013; $1.1 million in 2014; $1.1 million in 2015; $1.1 million in 2016; and $14.5 million thereafter.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


10.	Restructuring

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012 included a net gain on restructuring of $1.9 million related to divestiture activities of our real estate investment business. We recorded no significant restructuring charges during the three months ended March, 31 2011. During 2012 and beyond, we may record up to $8.0 million of restructuring charges, primarily related to previously planned additional consolidation efforts and assets to be held-for-sale as part of our Enterprise Improvement Plan. The ultimate amount and timing of future restructuring charges is subject to market conditions and our ability to negotiate sales of certain assets at prices acceptable to us.


11.	Covenants and Events of Default

Our debt and credit agreements require us to comply with various affirmative, restrictive and financial covenants. Our failure to comply with any of these covenants, or to pay principal, interest or other amounts when due thereunder, would constitute an event of default under the applicable agreements. Under certain circumstances, the occurrence of an event of default under one of our debt or credit agreements (or the acceleration of the maturity of the indebtedness under one of our agreements) may constitute an event of default under one or more of our other debt or credit agreements. Default under our debt and credit agreements could result in (1) us no longer being entitled to borrow under the agreements, (2) termination of the agreements, (3) the requirement that any letters of credit under the agreements be cash collateralized, (4) acceleration of the maturity of outstanding indebtedness under the agreements and/or (5) foreclosure on any collateral securing the obligations under the agreements.

As of March 31, 2012, we were in compliance with the covenants contained in our senior note agreements and Credit Agreement.

Except as noted below, as of March 31, 2012, we were in compliance with the covenants contained in our debt agreements related to our consolidated real estate entities, and we are not aware of any material non-compliance by any of our unconsolidated entities with the covenants contained in their debt agreements. As of March 31, 2012, one of our consolidated real estate entities was in default under debt agreements as a result of a change in the venture partner’s financial condition. In addition, as of March 31, 2012, one of our unconsolidated real estate entities was in default under debt agreements as a result of the failure to timely make a principal payment. The affected loans are non-recourse to Granite and these defaults do not result in cross-defaults under other debt agreements under which Granite is the obligor; however, there is recourse to the real estate entity that incurred the debt. The real estate entities in default are currently in discussions with lenders to revise the terms of the defaulted debt agreements.


12.	Weighted Average Shares Outstanding

A reconciliation of the weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations is as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012	2011
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Weighted average common stock outstanding	38,667	38,712
Less: weighted average unvested restricted stock outstanding	402	749
Total basic weighted average shares outstanding	38,265	37,963

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding:
Weighted average common stock outstanding, basic	38,265	37,963
Effect of dilutive securities:
Common stock options and restricted stock units¹	—	—
Total weighted average shares outstanding assuming dilution	38,265	37,963

¹Due to the net loss for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, restricted stock units representing approximately 474,000 and 242,000 shares, respectively, have been excluded from the number of shares used in calculating diluted net loss per share for the respective periods, as their inclusion would be antidilutive.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


13.	Earnings Per Share

We calculate earnings per share (“EPS”) under the two-class method by allocating earnings to both common shares and unvested restricted stock which are considered participating securities. However, net losses are not allocated to participating securities for purposes of computing EPS under the two-class method.


14.	Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 28.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and was 41.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The change was primarily due to the recognition and measurement of previously unrecognized tax benefits, which is considered a discrete item for tax provision purposes for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The recognition and measurement of these tax benefits was the result of a favorable settlement of an income tax examination conducted by the Internal Revenue Service.


15.	Equity

The following tables summarize our equity activity for the periods presented:



(in thousands)	Granite Construction Incorporated			Noncontrolling Interests			Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2011	$	799,197		$	28,466		$	827,663
Purchase of common stock¹	(3,837		)	—			(3,837		)
Other transactions with shareholders³	2,714			—			2,714
Transactions with noncontrolling interests, net⁴	—			(66		)	(66		)
Net (loss) income	(11,773		)	3,086			(8,687		)
Dividends on common stock	(5,021		)	—			(5,021		)
Balance at March 31, 2012	$	781,280		$	31,486		$	812,766



(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2010	$	761,031		$	34,604		$	795,635
Purchase of common stock²	(3,515		)	—			(3,515		)
Other transactions with shareholders³	1,802			—			1,802
Transactions with noncontrolling interests, net⁴	—			(2,062		)	(2,062		)
Net (loss) income	(9,007		)	1,751			(7,256		)
Dividends on common stock	(5,023		)	—			(5,023		)
Balance at March 31, 2011	$	745,288		$	34,293		$	779,581

¹Represents 122,000 shares purchased in connection with employee tax withholding for shares/units granted under our Amended and Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan.

²Represents 124,000 shares purchased in connection with employee tax withholding for shares granted under our Amended and Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan.

³Amounts are comprised primarily of amortized restricted stock and units.

⁴Amounts are comprised primarily of distributions to noncontrolling partners.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


16.	Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, we are involved in various legal proceedings that are pending against us and our affiliates alleging, among other things, breach of contract or tort in connection with the performance of professional services, the various outcomes of which cannot be predicted with certainty. The most significant of these proceedings are as follows:

•

US Highway 20 Project: Our wholly owned subsidiaries, GCCO and Granite Northwest, Inc., are members of a joint venture known as YRC which is contracted by ODOT to construct a new road alignment of US Highway 20 near Eddyville, Oregon. The project involves constructing seven miles of new road through steep and forested terrain in the Coast Range Mountains. During the fall and winter of 2006, extraordinary rain events produced runoff that overwhelmed installed erosion control measures and resulted in discharges to surface water and alleged violations of YRC’s stormwater permit. In June 2009, YRC was informed that the U.S. Department of Justice (“USDOJ”) had assumed the criminal investigation that the Oregon Department of Justice had initiated in connection with stormwater runoff from the project. Although the USDOJ has informed YRC that the USDOJ will not criminally charge YRC or any Granite affiliate in connection with these matters, the USDOJ informed YRC it was continuing to seek an unspecified civil penalty which we are seeking to resolve. Under certain circumstances the resolution of this matter could have direct or indirect consequences that could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flow and/or liquidity.

•

Grand Avenue Project DBE Issues: On March 6, 2009, the U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of Inspector General (“OIG”) served upon our wholly-owned subsidiary, Granite Construction Northeast, Inc. (“Granite Northeast”), a United States District Court Eastern District of New York subpoena to testify before a grand jury by producing documents. The subpoena seeks all documents pertaining to the use of a DBE firm (the “Subcontractor”), and the Subcontractor’s use of a non-DBE lower tier subcontractor/consultant, on the Grand Avenue Bus Depot and Central Maintenance Facility for the Borough of Queens Project, a Granite Northeast project. The subpoena also seeks any documents regarding the use of the Subcontractor as a DBE on any other projects and any other documents related to the Subcontractor or to the lower-tier subcontractor/consultant. We have received two follow-up requests from the USDOJ for additional information and documents. We have complied with the subpoena and the requests, and are fully cooperating with the OIG’s investigation. To date, Granite Northeast has not been notified that it is either a subject or target of the OIG’s investigation. Accordingly, we do not know whether any criminal charges or civil lawsuits will be brought against any party as a result of the investigation. We cannot, however, rule out the possibility of civil or criminal actions or administrative sanctions being brought against Granite Northeast.

•

Other Legal Proceedings/Government Inquiries: We are a party to a number of other legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. From time to time, we also receive inquiries from public agencies seeking information concerning our compliance with government construction contracting requirements and related laws and regulations. We believe that the nature and number of these proceedings and compliance inquiries are typical for a construction firm of our size and scope. Our litigation typically involves claims regarding public liability or contract related issues. While management currently believes, after consultation with counsel, that the ultimate outcome of pending proceedings and compliance inquiries, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse affect on our financial position or overall trends in results of operations or cash flows, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties. Were one or more unfavorable rulings to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and/or liquidity for the period in which the ruling occurs. In addition, our government contracts could be terminated, we could be suspended or debarred, or payment of our costs disallowed. While any one of our pending legal proceedings is subject to early resolution as a result of our ongoing efforts to settle, whether or when any legal proceeding will be resolved through settlement is neither predictable nor guaranteed.

We record amounts in our condensed consolidated balance sheets representing our estimated liability relating to legal proceedings and government inquiries. During the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no significant additions or revisions to the estimated liability that were recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations, or significant changes to our accrual for such ligation loss contingencies on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


17.	Business Segment Information

Our reportable segments are: Construction, Large Project Construction, Construction Materials and Real Estate.

The Construction segment performs various heavy civil construction projects with a large portion of the work focused on new construction and improvement of streets, roads, highways, bridges, site work and other infrastructure projects. These projects are typically bid-build projects completed within two years with a contract value of less than $75 million.

The Large Project Construction segment focuses on large, complex infrastructure projects which typically have longer duration than our Construction segment work. These projects include major highways, mass transit facilities, bridges, tunnels, waterway locks and dams, pipelines, canals and airport infrastructure. This segment primarily includes bid-build, design-build and construction management/general contractor contracts, generally with contract values in excess of $75 million.

The Construction Materials segment mines and processes aggregates and operates plants that produce construction materials for internal use and for sale to third parties.

The Real Estate segment purchases, develops, operates, sells and invests in real estate related projects and provides real estate services for the Company’s operations. The Real Estate segment’s current portfolio consists of residential, retail and office site development projects for sale to home and commercial property developers in Washington, California and Texas. In October 2010, we announced our Enterprise Improvement Plan that includes plans to orderly divest of our real estate investment business consistent with our strategy to focus on our core business.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies contained in our 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We evaluate segment performance based on gross profit or loss, and do not include overhead and non-operating income or expense. Segment assets include property and equipment, intangibles, inventory, equity in construction joint ventures and real estate held for development and sale.

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GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Summarized segment information is as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	Construction		Large Project Construction		Construction Materials			Real Estate		Total
2012
Total revenue from reportable segments	$	117,946	$	163,928	$	31,009		$	2,663	$	315,546
Elimination of intersegment revenue	—		—		(5,386		)	—		(5,386		)
Revenue from external customers	117,946		163,928		25,623			2,663		310,160
Gross profit (loss)	8,580		22,249		(5,950		)	57		24,936
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	3,580		1,268		7,378			—		12,226
Segment assets	114,079		102,393		368,095			58,363		642,930
2011
Total revenue from reportable segments	$	92,692	$	137,820	$	30,656		$	2,421	$	263,589
Elimination of intersegment revenue	—		—		(6,858		)	—		(6,858		)
Revenue from external customers	92,692		137,820		23,798			2,421		256,731
Gross profit (loss)	5,553		31,298		(7,270		)	407		29,988
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	4,078		768		7,107			88		12,041
Segment assets	120,059		85,931		378,601			88,614		673,205

A reconciliation of segment gross profit to consolidated loss before benefit from income taxes is as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012			2011
Total gross profit from reportable segments	$	24,936		$	29,988
Selling, general and administrative expenses	43,188			43,372
Gain on sales of property and equipment	1,917			2,704
Other income (expense), net	4,116			(1,799		)
Loss before benefit from income taxes	$	(12,219	)	$	(12,479	)

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Item 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Disclosure

From time to time, Granite makes certain comments and disclosures in reports and statements, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or statements made by its officers or directors, that are not based on historical facts, including statements regarding future events, occurrences, circumstances, activities, performance, outcomes and results, that may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “future,” “outlook,” “assumes,” “believes,” “expects,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “appears,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “continue,” and the negatives thereof or other comparable terminology or by the context in which they are made. In addition, other written or oral statements which constitute forward-looking statements have been made and may in the future be made by or on behalf of Granite. These forward-looking statements are estimates reflecting the best judgment of senior management and are based on our current expectations regarding future events, occurrences, circumstances, activities, performance, outcomes and results. These expectations may or may not be realized. Some of these expectations may be based on beliefs, assumptions or estimates that may prove to be incorrect. In addition, our business and operations involve numerous risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could result in our expectations not being realized or otherwise materially affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those more specifically described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” Due to the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with our forward-looking statements, the reader is cautioned not to place reliance on them. The reader is also cautioned that the forward-looking statements contained herein speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason.

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Overview

We are one of the largest diversified heavy civil contractors and construction materials producers in the United States, engaged in the construction and improvement of streets, roads, highways, mass transit facilities, airport infrastructure, bridges, dams and other infrastructure-related projects. We own aggregate reserves and plant facilities to produce construction materials for use in our construction business and for sale to third parties. We also operate a real estate investment and development company. Our permanent offices are located in Alaska, Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, New York, Texas, Utah and Washington. We have four reportable business segments: Construction, Large Project Construction, Construction Materials and Real Estate (see Note 17 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”). In October 2010, we announced our Enterprise Improvement Plan that includes business plans to orderly divest of our real estate investment business consistent with our business strategy to focus on our core business.

Our construction contracts are obtained through competitive bidding in response to advertisements and other general solicitations by both public agencies and private parties and on a negotiated basis as a result of direct solicitation by private parties. Our bidding activity is affected by such factors as the nature and volume of advertising and other solicitations, contract backlog, available personnel, current utilization of equipment and other resources, our ability to obtain necessary surety bonds and competitive considerations. Our contract review process includes identifying risks and opportunities during the bidding process and managing these risks through mitigation efforts such as insurance and pricing. Contracts fitting certain criteria of size and complexity are reviewed by various levels of management and, in some cases, by the Executive Committee of our Board of Directors. Bidding activity, contract backlog and revenue resulting from the award of new contracts may vary significantly from period to period.

Our typical construction project begins with the preparation and submission of a bid to a customer. If selected as the successful bidder, we generally enter into a contract with the customer that provides for payment upon completion of specified work or units of work as identified in the contract. We usually invoice our customers on a monthly basis. Our contracts frequently call for retention that is a specified percentage withheld from each payment until the contract is completed and the work accepted by the customer. Additionally, we defer recognition of profit on projects until they reach at least 25% completion (see “Gross Profit” section below) and our profit recognition is based on estimates that change over time. Our revenue, gross margin and cash flows can differ significantly from period to period due to a variety of factors including the projects’ stage of completion, the mix of early and late stage projects, our estimates of contract costs and the payment terms of our contracts. The timing differences between our cash inflows and outflows require us to maintain adequate levels of working capital.

The three primary economic drivers of our business are (1) the overall health of the economy, (2) federal, state and local public funding levels, and (3) population growth resulting in public and private development. A stagnant or declining economy will generally result in reduced demand for construction and construction materials in the private sector. This reduced demand increases competition for private sector projects and will ultimately also increase competition in the public sector as companies migrate from bidding on scarce private sector work to projects in the public sector. Greater competition can reduce our revenues and/or have a downward impact on our gross profit margins. In addition, a stagnant or declining economy tends to produce less tax revenue for public agencies, thereby decreasing a source of funds available for spending on public infrastructure improvements. Some funding sources that have been specifically earmarked for infrastructure spending, such as diesel and gasoline taxes, are not as directly affected by a stagnant or declining economy, unless actual consumption is reduced. However, even these can be temporarily at risk as state and local governments struggle to balance their budgets. Additionally, high fuel prices can have a dampening effect on consumption, resulting in overall lower tax revenue. Conversely, increased levels of public funding as well as an expanding or robust economy will generally increase demand for our services and provide opportunities for revenue growth and margin improvement.

Our market sector information reflects three regions defined as follows: 1) California; 2) Northwest, which includes our offices in Alaska, Nevada, Utah and Washington; and 3) East which includes our offices in Arizona, Florida, New York and Texas. Each of these regions includes operations from our Construction, Large Project Construction, and Construction Materials lines of business.

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Current Economic Environment and Outlook

Significant competition continues to have a negative impact on Construction and Large Project Construction gross margins. In addition, funding issues for public sector infrastructure projects coupled with weak demand for commercial and residential development in many of our markets has had a negative impact on sales of construction materials. While we continue to have a significant amount of work to bid across the country, lower tax revenues, budget deficits, financing constraints and competing priorities have impacted the timing and volume of public infrastructure projects. In addition, the number of new commercial and residential construction projects has been adversely affected by an oversupply of existing inventories of commercial and residential properties, declining property values and subsequent financing restrictions. We expect these challenging conditions to persist throughout 2012.

The current extension of the federal surface transportation program authorization expires in June 2012 and the continuing resolution of appropriations to fund federal government programs for the 2012 fiscal year expires in October 2012. Now that both the Senate and House have passed bills related to the reauthorization of the federal surface transportation program, we are hopeful that conference deliberations will result in a transportation bill that has some reasonable longevity that at a minimum maintains current funding levels. Whether an agreement can be reached that both houses of Congress can agree to remains uncertain. We are encouraged that transportation has continued to be a priority for Congress in early 2012.

In response to the challenging market conditions, we continue to seek opportunities in our traditional markets while leveraging our capabilities and further diversifying into rail, power, water, industrial and federal government opportunities. In addition, in 2010, we implemented the Enterprise Improvement Plan to reduce our cost structure. The majority of restructuring charges associated with the Enterprise Improvement Plan were recorded in 2010. During 2012 and beyond, we may record up to $8.0 million of restructuring charges, primarily related to previously planned additional consolidation efforts and assets to be held-for-sale as part of our Enterprise Improvement Plan. The ultimate amount and timing of future restructuring charges is subject to our ability to negotiate sales of certain assets at prices acceptable to us. We had no material restructuring charges during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

Results of Operations



Comparative Financial Summary	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012			2011
Total revenue	$	310,160		$	256,731
Gross profit	24,936			29,988
Operating loss	(16,335		)	(10,680		)
Total other income (expense)	4,116			(1,799		)
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(3,086		)	(1,751		)
Net loss attributable to Granite Construction Incorporated	(11,773		)	(9,007		)

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Revenue



Total Revenue by Segment	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012				2011
Construction	$	117,946	38.0	%	$	92,692	36.1	%
Large Project Construction	163,928		52.8		137,820		53.7
Construction Materials	25,623		8.3		23,798		9.3
Real Estate	2,663		0.9		2,421		0.9
Total	$	310,160	100.0	%	$	256,731	100.0	%



Construction Revenue	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012				2011
California:
Public sector	$	67,413	57.1	%	$	43,404	46.8	%
Private sector	7,883		6.7		9,476		10.2
Northwest:
Public sector	16,810		14.3		22,622		24.4
Private sector	13,294		11.3		3,487		3.8
East:
Public sector	10,550		8.9		13,642		14.7
Private sector	1,996		1.7		61		0.1
Total	$	117,946	100.0	%	$	92,692	100.0	%

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased by $25.3 million, or 27.2%, compared to the same period in 2011. This increase was due to improved construction activity in our California public sector from improved weather conditions in 2012 when compared to 2011 as well as a result of entering the year with greater backlog. Private sector revenue in the Northwest increased primarily due to increased success in new markets, such as power and industrial. Increases were partially offset by reductions in public sector revenue in both the Northwest and East due to projects nearing completion.

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Large Project Construction Revenue¹	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012				2011
California	$	20,126	12.3	%	$	15,008	10.9	%
Northwest	43,516		26.5		23,980		17.4
East	100,286		61.2		98,832		71.7
Total	$	163,928	100.0	%	$	137,820	100.0	%

¹For the periods presented, all Large Project Construction revenue was earned from the public sector.

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased by $26.1 million, or 18.9%, compared to the same period in 2011, primarily due to increases in revenue from our California and Northwest sectors. Revenue in both California and the Northwest increased due to progress on jobs that were awarded in late 2010 and early 2011. Revenue in the Northwest was also higher in 2012 as a result of improved weather conditions when compared to 2011.



Construction Materials Revenue	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012				2011
California	$	19,327	75.4	%	$	18,893	79.4	%
Northwest	3,015		11.8		2,125		8.9
East	3,281		12.8		2,780		11.7
Total	$	25,623	100.0	%	$	23,798	100.0	%

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased by $1.8 million, or 7.7%, compared to the same period in 2011. The increase was primarily due to improved weather conditions in 2012 when compared to 2011. Despite the increase in revenue, the construction materials business continues to be impacted by the weakness in the commercial and residential development markets.

Real Estate Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 remained relatively unchanged when compared to the same period in 2011. Factors that contribute to real estate revenue fluctuations include national and local market conditions, entitlement status and buyers’ access to capital.

Contract Backlog

Our contract backlog consists of the remaining unearned revenue on awarded contracts, including 100% of our consolidated joint venture contracts and our proportionate share of unconsolidated joint venture contracts. We generally include a project in our contract backlog at the time it is awarded and funding is in place. Certain federal government contracts where funding is appropriated on a periodic basis are included in contract backlog at the time of the award. Substantially all of the contracts in our contract backlog may be canceled or modified at the election of the customer; however, we have not been materially adversely affected by contract cancellations or modifications in the past.

The following tables illustrate our contract backlog as of the respective dates:



Total Contract Backlog by Segment
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2012				December 31, 2011				March 31, 2011
Construction	$	622,240	29.9	%	$	513,624	25.4	%	$	696,055	34.7	%
Large Project Construction	1,460,674		70.1		1,508,830		74.6		1,307,622		65.3
Total	$	2,082,914	100.0	%	$	2,022,454	100.0	%	$	2,003,677	100.0	%

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Construction Contract Backlog
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2012				December 31, 2011				March 31, 2011
California:
Public sector	$	349,013	56.1	%	$	311,975	60.7	%	$	383,032	55.0	%
Private sector	10,224		1.6		10,899		2.1		15,295		2.2
Northwest:
Public sector	177,842		28.6		148,030		28.8		215,810		31.0
Private sector	51,395		8.3		26,543		5.2		10,840		1.6
East:
Public sector	32,052		5.2		13,163		2.6		70,482		10.1
Private sector	1,714		0.2		3,014		0.6		596		0.1
Total	$	622,240	100.0	%	$	513,624	100.0	%	$	696,055	100.0	%

Construction contract backlog of $622.2 million at March 31, 2012 was $108.6 million, or 21.1%, higher than at December 31, 2011 and $73.8 million, or 10.6%, lower than at March 31, 2011. The increase from December 31, 2011 was primarily due to new awards, partially offset by progress on existing projects. New awards included a $52.5 million highway widening project and a $14.2 million highway rebuild project, both in California, as well as a $28.9 million streetcar project in Arizona and a $17.3 million rail car facility project in Washington. The decrease from March 31, 2011 was due to progress on existing projects. In May 2012, we received a $29.4 million award for a highway renovation project in California that will be booked into contract backlog in the second quarter of 2012.



Large Project Construction Contract Backlog¹
(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2012				December 31, 2011				March 31, 2011
California	$	201,077	13.8	%	$	214,698	14.2	%	$	154,678	11.8	%
Northwest	396,034		27.1		397,957		26.4		478,301		36.6
East	863,563		59.1		896,175		59.4		674,643		51.6
Total	$	1,460,674	100.0	%	$	1,508,830	100.0	%	$	1,307,622	100.0	%

¹For all dates presented, Large Project Construction contract backlog is related to contracts with public agencies.

Large project construction contract backlog of $1.5 billion at March 31, 2012 was $48.2 million, or 3.2%, lower than at December 31, 2011, and $153.1 million, or 11.7%, higher than at March 31, 2011. The decrease from December 31, 2011 primarily reflected work completed during the quarter, partially offset by new awards. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we were awarded a highway rework project in Colorado that is an internal partnership with $62.4 million and $53.1 million included in Northwest and East contract backlog, respectively. The increase from March 31, 2011 was attributable to higher contract backlog entering 2012.

Noncontrolling interests included in Large Project Construction contract backlog as of March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011, and March 31, 2011 were $138.0 million, $154.6 million and $232.3 million, respectively.

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Gross Profit

The following table presents gross profit (loss) by business segment for the respective periods:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012			2011
Construction	$	8,580		$	5,553
Percent of segment revenue	7.3		%	6.0		%
Large Project Construction	22,249			31,298
Percent of segment revenue	13.6			22.7
Construction Materials	(5,950		)	(7,270		)
Percent of segment revenue	(23.2		)	(30.5		)
Real Estate	57			407
Percent of segment revenue	2.1			16.8
Total gross profit	$	24,936		$	29,988
Percent of total revenue	8.0		%	11.7		%

We defer profit recognition until a project reaches at least 25% completion. In the case of large, complex design/build projects, we may defer profit recognition beyond the point of 25% completion until such time as we believe we have enough information to make a reasonably dependable estimate of contract revenue and cost. Because we have a large number of smaller projects at various stages of completion in our Construction segment, this policy generally does not impact gross profit significantly on a quarterly or annual basis. However, our Large Project Construction segment has fewer projects at any given time; therefore, gross profit can vary significantly in periods where one or more projects reach our percentage of completion threshold and the deferred profit is recognized or, conversely, in periods where contract backlog is growing rapidly and a higher percentage of projects are in their early stages with no associated gross profit recognition.

The following table presents revenue from projects that have not yet reached our profit recognition threshold:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012		2011
Construction	$	10,248	$	8,983
Large Project Construction	18,286		47,223
Total revenue from contracts with deferred profit	$	28,534	$	56,206

We do not recognize revenue from contract claims until we have a signed agreement and payment is assured, nor do we recognize revenue from contract change orders until the owner has agreed to the change order in writing. However, we do recognize the costs related to any contract claims or pending change orders in our forecasts when costs are incurred and revisions to estimated total costs are reflected as soon as the obligation to perform is determined. As a result, our gross profit as a percent of revenue can vary depending on the magnitude and timing of settlement claims and change orders.

When we experience significant contract forecast changes, we undergo a process that includes reviewing the nature of the changes to ensure that there are no material amounts that should have been recorded in a prior period rather than as a change in estimate for the current period. In our review of these changes for the three months ended March 31, 2012, we did not identify any material amounts that should have been recorded in a prior period.

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Construction gross profit increased $3.0 million, or 54.5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the same period in 2011 primarily due to increased revenue from improved weather conditions in 2012 and entering the year with greater backlog. Construction gross profit as a percent of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased to 7.3% from 6.0% for the same period in 2011.

Large Project Construction gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2012 decreased $9.0 million compared to the same period in 2011. Large Project Construction gross profit as a percent of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 decreased to 13.6% from 22.7% for the same period in 2011. The decrease in gross profit was primarily due to the recognition of deferred profit on a project that reached the profit recognition threshold in the first quarter of 2011. Our wholly owned subsidiaries, Granite Construction Company (“GCCO”) and Granite Northwest, Inc., are members of a joint venture known as Yaquina River Constructors (“YRC”) which has been under contract with the Oregon Department of Transportation (“ODOT”) to construct a new road alignment of U.S. Highway 20 near Eddyville, Oregon. In addition to previous geologic landslide issues, unanticipated ground movement was observed at several hillsides beginning in 2010. YRC and ODOT have been in dispute regarding their respective responsibilities under the terms of the contract relative to the project revisions necessary on account of the unanticipated ground movement. In March 2012, YRC received a Notice of Default (the “Notice”) from ODOT which YRC believes was without merit. Subsequent to March 31, 2012, ODOT and YRC have reached a settlement that withdraws and rescinds the Notice and releases both parties from claims against the other. The settlement ends YRC’s responsibility to complete the project following limited site maintenance and demobilization work by YRC. The settlement does not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Construction Materials gross loss decreased $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the same period in 2011 due to improved weather conditions in 2012 when compared to 2011. Despite the decrease in gross loss, the residential, commercial and private markets remained depressed.

Real Estate gross profit remained relatively unchanged for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the same period in 2011 as the residential, commercial and private markets remained depressed. Factors that contribute to real estate revenue fluctuations include national and local market conditions, entitlement status and buyers access to capital.

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The following table presents the components of selling, general and administrative expenses for the respective periods:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012			2011
Selling
Salaries and related expenses	$	9,827		$	10,810
Other selling expenses	2,028			1,658
Total selling	11,855			12,468
General and administrative
Salaries and related expenses	14,713			14,227
Incentive compensation	1,204			1,620
Restricted stock amortization	4,196			3,149
Non-qualified deferred compensation earnings	1,299			694
Other general and administrative expenses	9,921			11,214
Total general and administrative	31,333			30,904
Total selling, general and administrative	$	43,188		$	43,372
Percent of revenue	13.9		%	16.9		%

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012 decreased $0.2 million, or 0.4%, compared to the same period in 2011.

Selling Expenses

Selling expenses include the costs of aggregate resource development, business development, estimating and bidding. Selling compensation can vary depending on the volume of projects in process and the number of employees assigned to estimating and bidding activities. As projects are completed or the volume of work slows down, we temporarily redeploy project employees to bid on new projects, moving their salaries and related costs from cost of revenue to selling expenses.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses include costs related to our operational offices that are not allocated to direct contract costs and expenses related to our corporate functions. These costs include variable cash and restricted stock performance-based incentives for select management personnel on which our compensation strategy heavily relies. The cash portion of these incentives is expensed when earned while the restricted stock portion is expensed over the vesting period of the restricted stock award (generally three years).

Total general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased $0.4 million compared to the same period in 2011. Included in other general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was a net gain on restructuring of $1.9 million related to divestiture activities of our real estate investment business. Other general and administrative expenses include information technology, occupancy, office supplies, depreciation, travel and entertainment, outside services, training and other miscellaneous expenses.

Other Income (Expense)

The following table presents the components of other income (expense) for the respective periods:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012			2011
Interest income	$	1,044		$	1,244
Interest expense	(3,182		)	(3,356		)
Equity in loss of affiliates	(617		)	(257		)
Other income, net	6,871			570
Total other income (expense)	$	4,116		$	(1,799	)

The $6.3 million increase in other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2012 from the same period in 2011 was primarily due to a $5.3 million gain related to the periodic sale of gold, a by-product of aggregate production.

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Income Taxes

The following table presents the benefit from income taxes for the respective periods:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2012			2011
Benefit from income taxes	$	(3,532	)	$	(5,223	)
Effective tax rate	28.9		%	41.9		%

We calculate our income tax benefit at the end of each interim period by estimating our annual effective tax rate and applying that rate to our year-to-date ordinary loss. The effect of changes in enacted tax laws, tax rates or tax status is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.

Our effective tax rate was 28.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and was 41.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The change was primarily due to the recognition and measurement of previously unrecognized tax benefits, which is considered a discrete item for tax provision purposes, during the three months ended March 31, 2011. The recognition and measurement of these tax benefits was the result of a favorable settlement of an income tax examination conducted by the Internal Revenue Service.

Noncontrolling Interests

The following table presents the amount attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries for the respective periods:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012			2011
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	$	(3,086	)	$	(1,751	)

The amount attributable to noncontrolling interests represents the noncontrolling owners’ share of the income or loss of our consolidated construction joint ventures and real estate development entities.

Certain Legal Proceedings

As discussed in Note 16 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report, under certain circumstances the resolution of certain legal proceedings to which we are subject could have direct or indirect consequences that could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and/or liquidity.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We believe our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our expected working capital needs, capital expenditures, financial commitments, cash dividend payments, and other liquidity requirements associated with our existing operations through the next twelve months. We maintain a secured revolving credit facility of $100.0 million primarily to provide capital needs to fund growth opportunities, either internally or generated through acquisition (see “Credit Agreement” section below for further discussion). We do not anticipate that this credit facility will be required to fund future operations. If we experience a prolonged change in our business operating results or make a significant acquisition, we may need to acquire additional sources of financing, which, if available, may be limited by the terms of our existing debt covenants, or may require the amendment of our existing debt agreements.

The following table presents our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, including amounts from our consolidated joint ventures, as of the respective dates:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2012		December 31, 2011		March 31, 2011
Cash and cash equivalents excluding consolidated joint ventures	$	156,803	$	181,868	$	132,790
Consolidated construction joint venture cash and cash equivalents¹	69,423		75,122		107,978
Total consolidated cash and cash equivalents	226,226		256,990		240,768
Short-term and long-term marketable securities²	140,558		149,658		129,335
Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	366,784	$	406,648	$	370,103

¹The volume and stage of completion of contracts from our consolidated construction joint ventures may cause fluctuations in joint venture cash and cash equivalents between periods.

²See Note 3 of “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for the composition of our marketable securities.

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities. We may also from time to time issue and sell equity, debt or hybrid securities or engage in other capital markets transactions.

Our cash and cash equivalents consisted of commercial paper, deposits and money market funds held with established national financial institutions. Marketable securities consist of U.S. government and agency obligations, commercial paper, municipal bonds and corporate bonds. Cash and cash equivalents held by our consolidated joint ventures represent the working capital needs of each joint venture’s project. The decision to distribute joint venture cash must generally be made jointly by all of the partners and, accordingly, these funds generally are not available for the working capital or other liquidity needs of Granite.

Our principal uses of liquidity are paying the costs and expenses associated with our operations, servicing outstanding indebtedness, making capital expenditures and paying dividends on our capital stock. We may also from time to time prepay or repurchase outstanding indebtedness, and acquire assets or businesses that are complementary to our operations.

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Cash Flows	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2012			2011
Net cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities	$	(22,873	)	$	676
Investing activities	3,377			5,011
Financing activities	(11,268		)	(16,941		)

Cash used in operating activities of $22.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 represents a $23.5 million decrease from the amount of cash provided by operating activities during the same period in 2011. This decrease was primarily driven by a less favorable change in working capital items in 2012 as compared to 2011.

Cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 decreased $1.6 million when compared to the same period in 2011 primarily due to a $1.7 million decrease in proceeds from sale of property and equipment.

Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 decreased $5.7 million compared to the same period in 2011. The primary reason for this change was a $4.7 million decrease in long-term debt principal payments associated with our real estate entities.

Capital Expenditures

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we had capital expenditures of $9.2 million compared to $11.8 million during the same period in 2011. Major capital expenditures are typically for aggregate and asphalt production facilities, aggregate reserves, construction equipment, buildings and leasehold improvements and investments in our information technology systems. The timing and amount of such expenditures can vary based on the progress of planned capital projects, the type and size of construction projects, changes in business outlook and other factors. We currently anticipate investing approximately $50.0 million in capital expenditures during 2012. During the year ended December 31, 2011, we had capital expenditures of $45.0 million.

Credit Agreement

We have a $100.0 million committed secured revolving credit facility, with a sublimit for letters of credit of $50.0 million (“Credit Agreement”), which expires on June 22, 2013. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin. LIBOR varies based on the applicable loan term. The applicable margin is based upon certain financial ratios calculated quarterly and was 2.75% at March 31, 2012. Accordingly, the effective interest rate was between 2.99% and 3.80% at March 31, 2012. Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and are secured by first priority liens on substantially all of the assets of Granite Construction Incorporated and our subsidiaries that are guarantors or co-borrowers under the Credit Agreement, excluding any owned or leased real property subject to an existing mortgage. At March 31, 2012, there were no revolving loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement, but there were standby letters of credit totaling approximately $4.2 million. The letters of credit will expire between October 2012 and March 2013. These letters of credit will be automatically replaced upon expiration.

The most significant restrictive covenants under the terms of our Credit Agreement require the maintenance of a minimum Consolidated Tangible Net Worth, a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio and a maximum Adjusted Consolidated Leverage Ratio. The calculations and terms of such covenants are defined by Amendment No. 1 of the Credit Agreement filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed December 30, 2010. As of March 31, 2012 and pursuant to the definitions in the Credit Agreement, our Consolidated Tangible Net Worth was $761.7 million, which exceeded the minimum of $667.9 million, the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio was 10.07, which exceeded the minimum of 4.00 and the Adjusted Consolidated Leverage Ratio was 1.45, which did not exceed the maximum of 3.75. The maximum Adjusted Consolidated Leverage Ratio gradually decreases in 0.25 increments until reaching 3.00 for the quarter ending March 31, 2013.

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Senior Notes Payable

As of March 31, 2012, senior notes payable in the amount of $16.7 million were due to a group of institutional holders in nine equal annual installments which began in 2005 and bear interest at 6.96% per annum. The most significant covenant under the terms of the related agreement requires the maintenance of a minimum Consolidated Net Worth, the calculations and terms of which are defined by the related agreement filed as Exhibit 10.3 to our Form 10-Q filed August 14, 2001. As of March 31, 2012 and pursuant to the definitions in the note agreement, our Consolidated Net Worth was $781.3 million, which exceeded the minimum of $686.5 million.

In addition, as of March 31, 2012, senior notes payable in the amount of $200.0 million were due to a second group of institutional holders in five equal annual installments beginning in 2015 and bear interest at 6.11% per annum. The most significant covenant under the terms of the related agreement requires the maintenance of a minimum Consolidated Net Worth, the calculations and terms of which are defined by the related agreement filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed January 31, 2008. As of March 31, 2012 and pursuant to the definitions in the note agreement, our Consolidated Net Worth was $781.3 million, which exceeded the minimum of $697.4 million.

Surety Bonds and Real Estate Mortgages

We are generally required to provide various types of surety bonds that provide an additional measure of security under certain public and private sector contracts. At March 31, 2012, approximately $2.0 billion of our contract backlog was bonded. Performance bonds do not have stated expiration dates; rather, we are generally released from the bonds after the owner accepts the work performed under contract. The ability to maintain bonding capacity to support our current and future level of contracting requires that we maintain cash and working capital balances satisfactory to our sureties.

A significant portion of our real estate held for development and sale is subject to mortgage indebtedness. All of this indebtedness is non-recourse to Granite but is recourse to the real estate entities that incurred the indebtedness. The terms of this indebtedness are typically renegotiated to reflect the evolving nature of the real estate projects as they progress through acquisition, entitlement and development. Modification of these terms may include changes in loan-to-value ratios requiring the real estate entities to repay portions of the debt. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we provided no significant funding to our real estate entities. As of March 31, 2012, the principal amount of debt of our real estate entities secured by mortgages was $21.2 million, of which $19.8 million was included in current liabilities and $1.4 million was included in long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Covenants and Events of Default

Our debt and credit agreements require us to comply with various affirmative, restrictive and financial covenants, including the financial covenants described above. Our failure to comply with any of these covenants, or to pay principal, interest or other amounts when due thereunder, would constitute an event of default under the applicable agreements. Under certain circumstances, the occurrence of an event of default under one of our debt or credit agreements (or the acceleration of the maturity of the indebtedness under one of our agreements) may constitute an event of default under one or more of our other debt or credit agreements. Default under our debt and credit agreements could result in (1) us no longer being entitled to borrow under the agreements, (2) termination of the agreements, (3) the requirement that any letters of credit under the agreements be cash collateralized, (4) acceleration of the maturity of outstanding indebtedness under the agreements and/or (5) foreclosure on any collateral securing the obligations under the agreements.

As of March 31, 2012, we were in compliance with the covenants contained in our senior note agreements and Credit Agreement.

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Share Purchase Program

In 2007, our Board of Directors authorized us to purchase up to $200.0 million of our common stock at management’s discretion. As of March 31, 2012, $64.1 million was available for purchase. We did not purchase shares under the share purchase program in any of the periods presented.

Website Access

Our website address is www.graniteconstruction.com. On our website we make available, free of charge, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The information on our website is not incorporated into, and is not part of, this report. These reports, and any amendments to them, are also available at the website of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, www.sec.gov.


Item 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There has been no significant change in our exposure to market risks since December 31, 2011.


Item 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management carried out, as of March 31, 2012, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2012, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the first quarter of 2012, we implemented new enterprise resource planning software that replaced our existing systems across the Company to improve productivity and process efficiencies. During the implementation process, we took necessary steps, including modifications to existing internal controls where necessary, to maintain appropriate internal control over financial reporting. We will continue to monitor controls through and around the system to provide reasonable assurance that controls are effective after the implementation process.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The description of the matters set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Report under “Note 16 - Legal Proceedings” is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 1A.	RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.


Item 2.	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we did not sell any of our equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The following table sets forth information regarding the repurchase of shares of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2012:



Period	Total number of shares purchased¹	Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs²
January 1, 2012 through January 30, 2012	4,614	$	24.03	—	$	64,065,401
February 1, 2012 through February 29, 2012	36,626	$	28.84	—	$	64,065,401
March 1, 2012 through March 31, 2012	80,305	$	29.32	—	$	64,065,401
	121,545	$	28.98	—

¹The number of shares purchased is in connection with employee tax withholding for shares/units granted under our Amended and Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan.

²In October 2007, our Board of Directors authorized us to purchase, at management’s discretion, up to $200.0 million of our common stock. Under this purchase program, the Company may purchase shares from time to time on the open market or in private transactions. The specific timing and amount of purchases will vary based on market conditions, securities law limitations and other factors. Purchases under the share purchase program may be commenced, suspended or discontinued at any time and from time to time without prior notice.


Item 3.	DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.


Item 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

The information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17CFR 229.104) is included in Exhibit 95 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


Item 5.	OTHER INFORMATION

Not Applicable.

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Item 6. EXHIBITS



31.1	†	Certification of Principal Executive Officer
31.2	†	Certification of Principal Financial Officer
32	††	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
95	†	Mine Safety Disclosure
101.INS	††	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	††	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	††	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF	††	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB	††	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE	††	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase


	†	Filed herewith
	††	Furnished herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



			GRANITE CONSTRUCTION INCORPORATED

Date:	May 8, 2012	By:	/s/ Laurel J. Krzeminski
			Laurel J. Krzeminski
			Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Granite Construction - 10-Q quarterly report FY2012 Q1

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