SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2002 Commission file number 001-14625
HOST MARRIOTT CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Maryland
53-0085950
(State of Incorporation)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
6903 Rockledge Drive, Suite 1500, Bethesda, Maryland
20817
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(Zip Code)
(240) 744-1000
(Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value (264,618,591 shares outstanding as of March 20, 2003)
New York Stock ExchangeChicago Stock Exchange
Purchase share rights for Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, $.01 par value
Pacific Stock ExchangePhiladelphia Stock Exchange
Class A Preferred Stock, $.01 par value (4,160,000 shares outstanding as of March 20, 2003)
New York Stock Exchange
Class B Preferred Stock, $.01 par value (4,000,000 shares outstanding as of March 20, 2003)
Class C Preferred Stock, $.01 par value (5,980,000 shares outstanding as of March 20, 2003)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (i) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (ii) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
The aggregate market value of shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 14, 2002 (based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on June 14, 2002) was approximately $2,578,600,000.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrants proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2003 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K. We expect to file our proxy statement by April 7, 2003.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report on Form 10-K and the information incorporated by reference herein include forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. We identify forward-looking statements in this annual report and the information incorporated by reference herein by using words or phrases such as anticipate, believe, estimate, expect, intend, may be, objective, plan, predict, project and will be and similar words or phrases, or the negative thereof.
These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties. Factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by us in those statements include, among others, the following:
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Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance that we will attain these expectations or that any deviations will not be material. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we disclaim any obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained in this annual report on Form 10-K and the information incorporated by reference herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.
Items 1 & 2. Business and Properties
Introduction
We are a self-managed and self-administered real estate investment trust, or REIT, that owns full-service hotel properties. As of March 1, 2003, we owned 122 hotels representing approximately 59,000 rooms located throughout North America. Our hotels are operated under brand names that are among the most respected and widely recognized in the lodging industryincluding Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, Hilton, Hyatt and Swissôtel.
Our primary business objective is to provide superior total returns to our shareholders through a combination of earnings, dividends and appreciation in asset value by focusing on aggressive asset management, disciplined capital allocation and sound financial management.
We were formed in 1998 as a Maryland corporation as part of our conversion to a REIT. As part of this REIT conversion and our desire to re-incorporate in Maryland, we merged with Host Marriott Corporation, a Delaware corporation, which had been operating since 1993, and retained the name. We conduct our operations as an umbrella partnership REIT through our direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Host Marriott, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership of which we are the sole general partner and hold approximately 90% of the partnership interests. In this report, we refer to ourselves (including our subsidiaries) as Host Marriott, to our predecessor Host Marriott, a Delaware corporation, as HMC, and to Host Marriott, L.P. as the operating partnership or Host LP.
The address of our principal executive office is 6903 Rockledge Drive, Suite 1500, Bethesda, Maryland, 20817. Our phone number is 240-744-1000. Our Internet website address is www.hostmarriott.com.
We make available free of charge, on or through our Internet website, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or furnished to the SEC, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
The Lodging Industry
The lodging industry in the United States consists of both private and public entities, which operate in an extremely diversified market under a variety of brand names. Competition in the industry is based primarily on the level of service, quality of accommodations, location and room rates. In order to cater to a wide variety of tastes and needs, the lodging industry is broadly divided into six segments: luxury, upper-upscale, upscale, midscale (with and without food and beverage service) and economy. Most of our hotels operate in urban markets either as luxury properties under such brand names as Ritz-Carlton and Four Seasons or as upper-upscale properties under such brand names as Marriott, Hilton, Hyatt and Swissôtel. Although the competitive position of each of our hotels varies by market, we believe that they compare favorably to the hotels with which they compete in their respective markets.
A common measure used by the industry to evaluate the operations of a hotel is room revenue per available room, or RevPAR, which is defined as the product of the average daily room rate charged and the average
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daily occupancy achieved. RevPAR does not include food and beverage or other ancillary revenues, such as parking, telephone or other guest services generated by the property.
The operating environment for the lodging industry has been, and continues to be, difficult, primarily due to a weak economy. As a result, for the past two years industry RevPAR has declined. According to Smith Travel Research, RevPAR for hotels operating in the upper-upscale segment decreased 3% for the year ended December 31, 2002 over the prior year. This decline is attributable to a decrease in average daily rates of 4% and an increase in occupancy of one percentage point. Our hotels in the luxury and upper-upscale segments decreased 5.1% for that period as a result of an increase in occupancy of less than one percentage point and a decrease in average room rate of 5.9%. We believe that our hotel operations will continue to decline until the economy shows steady improvement and business travel increases. We also believe our hotels will experience a decline in RevPAR in the first and second quarters of 2003 with full year RevPAR comparable to 2002 levels or down modestly.
Supply and demand growth in the lodging industry and the segments in which we operate may be influenced by a number of factors, including growth of the economy, interest rates, unique local considerations and the relatively long lead time required to develop urban, convention and resort hotels. Properties in the upper-upscale segment of the lodging industry benefited from a favorable imbalance between supply and demand during the early 1990s, driven in part by low construction levels and high gross domestic product, or GDP growth. From 1998 through 2000, supply moderately outpaced demand, which caused slight declines in occupancy rates; however, the impact of the occupancy decline was mitigated by increases in the average daily rate during the period. In 2001 and 2002, demand decreased substantially primarily due to terrorist acts and the economic downturn, which more recently has been exacerbated by the continuing concern over the war in Iraq and the possibility of further terrorist acts. We expect the rate of supply growth to continue to decrease for at least the next two years due to the limited availability of development financing for new construction. Additionally, we believe that demand will remain below historical levels during the first half of 2003, but may begin to grow during the second half of 2003, if the economy strengthens.
Business Strategy
Our primary business objective is to provide superior total returns to our shareholders through a combination of dividends, appreciation in net asset value per share, and growth in earnings. In order to achieve this objective we seek to:
We believe we are well-qualified to pursue our asset management and acquisition and disposition strategies. Our management team has extensive experience in acquiring and financing lodging properties and believes that its industry knowledge, relationships and access to market information provide a competitive advantage with respect to identifying, evaluating and acquiring lodging properties and that this competitive advantage carries
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over to the work we do to improve and maintain the quality of our assets. These efforts include maximizing the value of our existing portfolio by directing our managers to reduce operating costs and to increase revenues at our hotels, monitoring property and brand performance; pursuing expansion and repositioning opportunities, overseeing capital expenditure budgets and forecasts, assessing return on investment capital expenditure opportunities, and analyzing competitive supply conditions in each of our markets.
Our acquisition strategy focuses on hotels operating as upper-upscale and luxury full-service hotels. We continue to believe there will be opportunities to acquire hotels in these segments at attractive multiples of cash flow and at discounts to replacement cost. Our acquisition strategy continues to focus on:
Our acquisition efforts since 1998 have been limited by the lack of suitable targets that complement our portfolio, increased price competition and capital limitations due to weak equity markets for lodging REIT stocks. Consequently, our activity has been primarily focused on acquiring the interests of limited or joint venture partners, consolidating our ownership of assets already included in our portfolio and, as described in Operating Structure, purchasing the lessee interests, which were created as part of our REIT conversion. We are particularly interested in exploring acquisitions that can be accomplished, at least in part, through the issuance of operating partnership units, thereby resulting in an overall improvement in our credit profile. We expect that the currently difficult refinancing market may ultimately cause some owners to sell properties; however, the timing of these potential sales is uncertain.
In addition to acquiring and maintaining superior assets, a key part of our strategy is to engage the leading hotel management companies such as Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Hyatt, Four Seasons, Hilton and Starwood to operate our properties. As of March 1, 2003, 102 of our 122 properties were managed by subsidiaries of Marriott International, Inc., as Marriott or Ritz-Carlton brand hotels and an additional seven hotels are part of Marriott Internationals full-service hotel system through franchise agreements. Our remaining hotels are represented by other nationally recognized brands such as Four Seasons, Hyatt and Hilton. In general, we believe that these premium brands have consistently outperformed other brands in the industry.
Operating Structure
The REIT Reorganization. We are a Maryland corporation that, for Federal income tax purposes, has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust or REIT. We operate as a self-managed and self administered REIT, which means that we are managed by our board of directors and executive officers. We have no employees who are not also employees of the operating partnership. We are the sole general partner of the operating partnership and manage all business aspects of the operating partnership, including the sale and purchase of hotels, the investment in these hotels and the financing of the operating partnership and its assets.
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During 1998, HMC reorganized its hotels and certain other assets so that they were owned by the operating partnership and its subsidiaries. As a result of this reorganization, we became the successor by merger to HMC and, as such, became the sole general partner in the operating partnership. For each share of our common stock, Host LP has issued to us one unit of operating partnership interest, or OP Unit. When distinguishing between Host Marriott and Host LP, the primary difference is the approximate 10% of the partnership interests of Host LP which are held by third parties as of December 31, 2002, which is reflected as minority interest in our balance sheet and minority interest expense in our statement of operations.
The Operating Partnership and its Subsidiaries. The operating partnership is a Delaware limited partnership. All our hotels and related assets are owned by the operating partnership or one or more of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, all of which are general or limited partnerships or limited liability companies. The OP Units owned by holders other than us are redeemable at the option of the holders, generally within one year after the date of issuance of the holders OP Units. Upon redemption of an OP Unit, a holder may receive cash from the operating partnership in an amount equal to the market value of one share of our common stock. We have the right, however, to acquire any OP Unit offered for redemption directly from the holder in exchange for one share of our common stock instead of a cash redemption by the operating partnership. Due to certain tax laws restricting REITs from deriving revenues directly from the operations of hotels, as part of the REIT conversion, our hotel properties were leased by the operating partnership and its subsidiaries to third party lessees. In turn, these third party lessees assumed or entered into agreements with Marriott International and the other operators of our hotels to conduct the day-to-day management of the hotels. At the time of the REIT conversion, substantially all of our hotels were leased to Crestline Capital Corporation and its subsidiaries, or Crestline. As a result of tax law changes applying to REITs, substantially all of our hotels are currently leased to a wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiary of the operating partnership, which is discussed below.
The REIT Modernization Act, which was enacted in December 1999, amended the Federal tax laws to permit REITs, effective January 1, 2001, to lease hotels to a corporation that qualifies as a taxable REIT
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subsidiary and to own all the voting stock of such a subsidiary. Unlike other subsidiaries of a REIT, the earnings of a taxable REIT subsidiary are subject to normal corporate level federal and state income taxes.
On January 1, 2001, a wholly owned taxable REIT subsidiary of Host LP, HMT Lessee LLC, acquired from Crestline the equity interests in the lessees of 112 of our hotels and the leasehold interests in four of our other hotels for $208 million in cash. In connection with that transaction, during the fourth quarter of 2000, we recorded a $207 million non-recurring, pre-tax loss related to the termination of the leases for financial reporting purposes. In addition, we recorded an $82 million tax benefit which is reflected as a deferred tax asset because, for income tax purposes, the transaction was recorded as an acquisition of leasehold interests that will be amortized over the remaining term of the leases.
During June 2001, HMT Lessee LLC acquired four remaining leases held by third parties. In the first of these transactions, we acquired the lease for the San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina by purchasing the lessee equity interest from Crestline for $4.5 million. We acquired the leases for the remaining three hotels which we did not already own, the San Diego Marriott Mission Valley, the Minneapolis Marriott Southwest, and the Albany Marriott in connection with the acquisition from Wyndham International, Inc. of their minority limited partnership interests in five partnerships holding seven of our Marriott branded hotels.
The acquisition of the leases through our taxable REIT subsidiary positioned us to better control our portfolio of hotels. Further, because we consolidate the taxable REIT subsidiary, our results of operations reflect the revenues and expenses generated by our hotels as well as taxes paid by the taxable REIT subsidiary.
All but one of our hotels are operated by third party hotel operators pursuant to long term hotel management agreements. Our arrangements with our hotel managers are discussed elsewhere in this Business and Properties section.
Lodging Property Portfolio
Overview. Our lodging portfolio, as of March 1, 2003, consisted of 122 upper-upscale and luxury full-service hotels containing approximately 59,000 rooms.
The following chart details our portfolio by brand as of March 1, 2003:
Brand
Number ofHotels
Rooms
Marriott
99
49,542
Ritz-Carlton
10
3,831
Hyatt
2,217
Swissôtel
1,993
Four Seasons
608
Other brands
686
122
58,877
Our portfolio is geographically diversified with hotels in most of the major metropolitan areas in 28 states, Washington, D.C., Toronto and Calgary, Canada and Mexico City, Mexico. Our locations include central business districts of major cities, near airports and resort/convention locations where large-scale development opportunities are limited. These hotels, because of their locations, typically benefit from significant barriers to entry by competitors. Historically, our properties in urban, resort and convention locations have had higher RevPAR results than similar properties in suburban locations. These properties contributed 69% of our EBITDA during 2002. Our hotels have an average of approximately 483 rooms per hotel. Thirteen of our hotels have more than 750 rooms. Our hotels typically include meeting and banquet facilities, a variety of restaurants and lounges, swimming pools, gift shops and parking facilities, which enable them to serve business, leisure and group
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travelers. The average age of our properties is eighteen years, although many of the properties have had substantial renovations or major additions.
To maintain the overall quality of our lodging properties we assess annually the need for refurbishments and capital improvements. Typically, refurbishments occur at intervals of approximately seven years, based on an annual review of the condition of each property. The management agreements for the majority of our properties require us to escrow 5% of hotel sales and, on average, we spend approximately $200 to $250 million annually on these refurbishments and capital improvements. These expenditures do not include investments such as the construction of the spa at The Ritz-Carlton, Naples in 2001 or the 500-room tower added at the Orlando World Center Marriott in 2000. We will occasionally spend less than these amounts. For example, in 2002, we reduced our capital expenditures based on our assessment of the operating environment and to preserve capital. During this period, our capital expenditures have been focused on property maintenance and improvements designed to maintain appropriate levels of quality. As a result of the commitment we have historically made to maintaining our assets, we believe that the reductions in capital expenditures during the last two years have not adversely affected the long-term value of our portfolio. For 2003, we anticipate spending approximately $240 million on refurbishments and capital improvements though these expenditures will depend on our results of operations. As the industry recovers, we plan to continue our strategy of pursuing capital expenditure projects designed to enhance the value of our hotels.
Acquisitions. During 2002, we acquired 80% of the outstanding minority interests in the partnership that owns the San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina (which increased our ownership in that partnership to 90%). We acquired these additional interests in exchange for 1.1 million shares of our common stock and 6.9 million OP Units. In addition, we completed the acquisition of the 1,139-room Boston Marriott Copley Place on June 14, 2002 for $214 million, which included the assumption of $97 million in mortgage debt. During 2001 we acquired the outstanding minority interests in seven of our Marriott branded hotels from Wyndham International for $60 million.
We have not acquired hotels outside of the United States in recent years due to the difficulty in identifying opportunities which meet our return criteria. However, we intend to continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities in international locations, and will pursue these only when we believe they will offer satisfactory returns after adjustments for currency and country-related risks.
Dispositions. We continue to evaluate the sale of hotels or other assets that do not fit our long-term strategy or otherwise fail to meet our ongoing investment criteria, such as hotels located in slower growth markets, hotels that require significant future capital improvements or hotels that are at a competitive risk given potential new supply. We may reinvest the net proceeds from property sales into hotels that are more consistent with our portfolio, or in a manner consistent with our investment strategy. Among the alternatives we may consider in this regard are the repayment of debt or the open market purchases of our securities. In addition, under the terms of our credit facility and our senior notes indenture, to the extent not otherwise invested in a manner consistent with the terms of these agreements, we are required to use the net proceeds from asset dispositions (during a twelve month period) once the net proceeds are in excess of 1% of our total assets to permanently repay amounts outstanding, if any, under our credit facility, and thereafter, to tender for our senior notes at par. The following table summarizes our dispositions from January 1, 2001 through March 1, 2003 (in millions, except number of rooms):
Property
Year of Disposition
Location
Total Consideration
Pre-tax Gain (Loss) on Disposal
Ontario Airport Marriott
2003
Ontario, CA
299
$
26
St. Louis Marriott Pavilion(1)
2002
St. Louis, MO
672
22
Vail Marriott Mountain Resort
2001
Vail, CO
349
50
15
Pittsburgh City Center Marriott
Pittsburgh, PA
402
(3
)
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Development Projects. During 2002 and 2001, we completed the development of the 295-room Ritz-Carlton, Naples Golf Resort and completed the addition of two spas to existing properties.
In January 2002, we opened The Ritz-Carlton, Naples Golf Resort, which is located approximately three miles from our existing Ritz-Carlton, Naples beachfront hotel. The Naples Golf Resort had a development cost of approximately $75 million and includes 15,000 square-feet of meeting space, four food and beverage outlets, and full access to the Tiburon Golf Club, a 36-hole Greg Norman designed golf complex, which borders the hotel. We own 49% of the partnership which owns Tiburon Golf Club, and invested an additional $3 million in 2002 to complete an additional nine holes for the 36-hole golf course. The newly created golf resort and a 50,000 square-foot beachfront spa facility, which opened in April 2001 at a cost of approximately $25 million, operate in concert with the 463-room Ritz-Carlton, Naples beachfront hotel. Further, given the close proximity of the properties, we expect to benefit from cost efficiencies and the ability to capture larger groups than could be accommodated at either of the individual hotels. In June 2001, we completed the 20,000 square foot oceanfront spa at the Marriott Harbor Beach Resort in Fort Lauderdale, Florida at a cost of $8 million. We believe that the spa should increase revenues of this property, which includes 30,000 square feet of meeting space, through increased appeal to business and leisure travelers.
Portfolio Performance. Set forth below is information about the performance of our hotel properties, including for our comparable hotels (as defined below). This information includes unaudited hotel operating profit and operating profit margin for our comparable properties. Comparable hotel operating profit is a non-GAAP financial measure within the meaning of applicable SEC rules. We believe that the comparable hotel-level results help us and our investors evaluate the recurring operating performance of our properties in similar environments, including in comparisons with other REITs and hotel owners. While these measures are based on accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, costs such as depreciation, corporate expenses and other non-recurring revenues and expenses have been incurred and are not reflected in this presentation. As a result, the comparable hotel-level results do not represent total revenues or operating profit.
Further, results of operations for our hotels that are both managed and operated under the Marriott brand name report results on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year, which ends on the Friday closest to December 31. In 2002, these hotels reported 53 weeks of operations compared to 52 weeks for 2001. Our consolidated financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the results of operations for these properties on a calendar year basis. However, in reporting our hotel operating statistics (average room rates, occupancy, RevPAR and the Schedule of Comparable Hotel-Level Results), the results of the Marriott managed and branded hotels reflect 53 weeks in 2002 compared to 52 weeks in 2001.
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We define our comparable hotels as properties that are owned or leased, directly or indirectly, by us and for which we reported operating results throughout 2002 and 2001. We exclude from our operating results hotels that have been acquired or sold during those periods, or that have had substantial property damage or that have undergone large scale capital projects. We also exclude rental income from non-hotel properties and the results of our leased limited service hotels.
Schedule of Comparable Hotel-Level Results(1)
(unaudited, in millions, except hotel statistics)
Number of hotels
118
Number of rooms
56,327
Percent change in Comparable RevPAR
(5.1
)%
Comparable hotel operating profit margin
24.2
%
26.0
Percent change in comparable operating profit
(9.6
Sales
Room
2,082
2,160
Food and beverage
1,118
1,114
Other
248
282
Hotel sales
3,448
3,556
Expenses
512
520
819
821
144
147
Management fees, ground rent and other costs
1,138
1,144
Hotel expenses
2,613
2,632
Comparable Hotel Operating Profit
835
924
Business interruption insurance proceeds, net(2)
17
Non-comparable hotel results, net
31
30
Office building and limited service properties, net
9
Depreciation expense
(372
(374
Corporate and other expenses
(49
(51
Lease repurchase expense
(5
Operating Profit
466
533
The chart below sets forth performance information for our comparable properties as of December 31, 2002:
Comparable Hotels
Number of properties
Average daily rate
142.17
151.16
Occupancy percentage
70.4
69.8
RevPAR
100.12
105.45
RevPAR % change
The chart below presents performance information for our entire portfolio of hotels as of December 31, 2002:
2000
All Properties
123
59,176
58,385
58,370
143.19
151.68
158.24
69.9
77.6
100.74
105.96
122.72
(4.9
(13.7
The following tables set forth performance information by geographic region for 2002 and 2001 for our comparable properties as well as the total portfolio:
Comparable Properties by Region
As of December 31, 2002
Year Ended December 31, 2002
Year Ended December 31, 2001
No. of
Properties
Average
Daily Rate
Occupancy
Percentages
Percent
Change in
Atlanta
6,563
138.70
66.4
92.03
150.80
65.0
98.02
(6.1
DC Metro
13
4,998
139.70
97.59
150.67
67.9
102.26
(4.6
Florida
7,582
150.26
70.1
105.38
158.34
69.4
109.88
(4.1
International
1,641
97.57
70.9
69.15
102.04
71.8
73.28
(5.6
Mid-Atlantic
6,222
186.41
76.7
143.05
189.43
77.5
146.77
(2.5
Mountain
3,313
107.89
64.1
69.19
110.02
66.2
72.79
(5.0
New England
2,277
129.97
69.3
90.02
144.62
95.78
(6.0
North Central
5,395
120.89
67.8
82.00
131.20
66.9
87.80
(6.6
Pacific
23
11,822
149.43
103.63
163.96
68.9
112.98
(8.3
South Central
12
6,514
128.62
76.8
98.79
132.32
75.5
99.91
(1.1
All regions
All Properties by Region
Year Ended December 31, 2001(1)
Average Daily Rate
Percent Change in RevPAR
14
7,877
152.53
105.76
(3.8
2,552
110.03
71.0
78.09
113.34
70.7
80.18
(2.6
6,726
186.47
76.5
142.70
189.76
147.06
(3.0
107.87
69.17
113.03
65.8
74.35
(7.0
3,416
142.27
70.0
99.65
4.0
128.47
98.32
130.81
74.9
97.97
0.4
We believe that the location and high quality of our hotels, combined with internationally recognized premium brands, has allowed us to maintain RevPAR and average daily rate premiums relative to our competition. While competition is specific to individual markets, and may include hotels from multiple segments of the lodging industry, generally we define our competition as hotels operated under brands in the upper-upscale and luxury full-service segments. These hotels include the Ritz-Carlton, Marriott, Four Seasons, Fairmont, Doubletree, Inter-Continental, Hyatt, Hilton, Renaissance, Embassy Suites, Sheraton, Swissôtel, W Hotel, Westin and Wyndham brand properties. Based on data provided by Smith Travel Research, occupancy at our comparable properties was approximately 5 percentage points higher for both 2002 and 2001. Average daily rate was also higher by approximately 6% and 8%, respectively, for the same periods resulting in our comparable RevPAR premium of approximately 14% and 16% for the years 2002 and 2001, respectively, as compared with similar hotels in the upper-upscale segment.
The economic trends affecting the travel and hotel industries and the overall economy will be a major factor in determining the rate of growth in our hotel revenues. In the current environment, our managers have actively adjusted the mix of business at our properties, increasing the percentage of room nights from group and discounted business travelers in reaction to the decline in premium business travelers. The current booking cycle for reservations remains much shorter than historical cycles, and therefore, predictions for the volume and mix of business in 2003 are difficult to forecast. For the year ended December 31, 2002, as a percentage of total rooms sold, transient business comprised approximately 55%, a decrease of 3% since 2000. Demand in the corporate and premium business traveler segments, which represent the segments with the highest average room rate, declined 40% in that same period. This decline in demand was partially offset by additional group and contract business, which comprised approximately 45% of total rooms sold in 2002. Additionally, the ability of our managers to curb operating costs while continuing to maintain service and maintenance levels at our hotels will have a material impact on our future operating profit growth.
Foreign Operations. We currently own four Canadian and two Mexican properties containing a total of 2,552 rooms. During 2002 and 2001, 97% of our total revenues were attributed to sales within the United States and the remaining 3% of our total revenues were attributed to these properties. During 2000, 98% of our total revenues were attributed to sales within the United States and the remaining 2% was attributed to our foreign properties.
Competition. Competition is often specific to individual markets and includes hotels operated under brands in the upper-upscale and luxury full-service segments. In addition, many management contracts do not have restrictions on the ability of management companies to convert, franchise or develop other hotel properties in our markets. As a result, we often compete with our managers such as Marriott International, which may own or invest in hotels that compete with our hotels.
We believe, however, that our properties will enjoy competitive advantages associated with their operations under the Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, Hilton and Hyatt hotel brand systems. The national marketing programs and reservation systems of these brands combined with the strong management systems and expertise they provide should enable our properties to continue to perform favorably in terms of both occupancy and room rates. Each of our managers maintains national reservation systems with reservation agents that have the current status of the rooms available and rates from the properties. Our website permits users to connect to the Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, Hilton and Hyatt reservation systems to reserve rooms at our hotels. In addition, repeat guest business is enhanced by guest rewards programs offered by Marriott, Hilton and Hyatt.
Seasonality. Our hotel sales have traditionally experienced moderate seasonality, which varies based on the individual hotel property and the region. Additionally, hotel revenues in the fourth quarter reflect sixteen weeks of results compared to twelve weeks for each of the first three quarters of the fiscal year. During 2000, the hotel sales were not recorded in our revenues, as most of our hotels were leased to third parties; however, hotel
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sales were used to calculate rental income. Hotel sales by quarter for the years 2000 through 2002 for our lodging properties are as follows:
Year
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
21
25
32
28
(1)
33
Hotel Properties. The following table sets forth the location and number of rooms of our 122 hotels as of March 1, 2003. Each hotel is operated as a Marriott brand hotel unless otherwise indicated by its name.
Arizona
Florida (continued)
Mountain Shadows Resort
337
The Ritz-Carlton, Amelia Island
449
Scottsdale Suites
251
The Ritz-Carlton, Naples
463
The Ritz-Carlton, Phoenix
281
The Ritz-Carlton, Naples Golf Resort
295
California
Georgia
Coronado Island Resort(1)
300
Atlanta Marquis
1,675
Costa Mesa Suites
253
Atlanta Midtown Suites(1)
254
Desert Springs Resort and Spa
884
Atlanta Norcross
222
Fullerton(1)
224
Atlanta Northwest
401
Hyatt Regency, Burlingame
793
Atlanta Perimeter(1)
400
Manhattan Beach(1)
385
Four Seasons, Atlanta
244
Marina Beach(1)
370
Grand Hyatt, Atlanta
438
Newport Beach
586
JW Marriott Hotel at Lenox(1)
371
Newport Beach Suites
Swissôtel, Atlanta
365
Sacramento Host Airport
89
The Ritz-Carlton, Atlanta
444
San Diego Hotel and Marina(1)(2)
1,356
The Ritz-Carlton, Buckhead
553
San Diego Mission Valley(2)
350
Illinois
San Francisco Airport
684
Chicago/Deerfield Suites
San Francisco Fishermans Wharf
285
Chicago/Downers Grove Suites
San Francisco Moscone Center(1)
1,498
Chicago/Downtown Courtyard
San Ramon(1)
368
Chicago OHare
681
Santa Clara(1)
755
Chicago OHare Suites(1)
256
The Ritz-Carlton, Marina del Rey(1)
304
Swissôtel, Chicago
632
The Ritz-Carlton, San Francisco
336
Indiana
Torrance
487
South Bend(1)
298
Colorado
Louisiana
Denver Southeast(1)
590
New Orleans
1,290
Denver Tech Center
628
Denver West(1)
305
Bethesda(1)
407
Connecticut
Gaithersburg/Washingtonian Center
284
Hartford/Farmington
381
Massachusetts
Hartford/Rocky Hill(1)
Boston/Newton
430
Boston Marriott Copley Place
1,139
Fort Lauderdale Marina
579
Hyatt Regency, Cambridge
469
Harbor Beach Resort(1)(2)
637
Swissôtel, Boston
501
Jacksonville(1)
Michigan
Miami Airport(1)
772
The Ritz-Carlton, Dearborn
308
Miami Biscayne Bay(1)
601
Detroit Livonia
Orlando World Center Resort
2,000
Detroit Romulus
246
Palm Beach Gardens
279
Detroit Southfield
226
Singer Island Hilton
223
Minnesota
Tampa Airport(1)
296
Minneapolis City Center
583
Tampa Waterside
717
Minneapolis Southwest(2)
321
Tampa Westshore(1)
310
Missouri
Texas (continued)
Kansas City Airport(1)
382
Dallas Quorum(1)
548
New Hampshire
Houston Airport(1)
565
Nashua
245
Houston Medical Center(1)
386
New Jersey
JW Marriott Houston
514
Hanover
353
Plaza San Antonio(1)
252
Newark Airport(1)
591
San Antonio Rivercenter(1)
1,001
Park Ridge(1)
289
San Antonio Riverwalk(1)
New Mexico
Utah
Albuquerque(1)
411
Salt Lake City(1)
510
New York
Virginia
Albany(2)
359
Dulles Airport(1)
New York Financial Center
504
Fairview Park
395
New York Marquis(1)
1,944
Hyatt Regency, Reston
517
Swissôtel, The Drake
495
Key Bridge(1)
North Carolina
Norfolk Waterside(1)
405
Charlotte Executive Park
297
Pentagon City Residence Inn
Greensboro/Highpoint(1)
The Ritz-Carlton, Tysons Corner(1)
398
Raleigh Crabtree Valley
375
Washington Dulles Suites
Research Triangle Park
225
Westfields
335
Ohio
Williamsburg
Dayton
399
Washington
Oklahoma
Seattle SeaTac Airport
459
Oklahoma City
354
Washington, DC
Oklahoma City Waterford
197
Washington Metro Center
456
Oregon
Canada
Portland
503
Calgary
384
Pennsylvania
Toronto Airport(2)
424
Four Seasons, Philadelphia
364
Toronto Eaton Center(1)
Philadelphia Convention Center (2)
1,408
Toronto Delta Meadowvale
374
Philadelphia Airport(1)
419
Mexico
Tennessee
JW Marriott, Mexico City(2)
312
Memphis
404
Mexico City Airport(2)
599
Texas
Dallas/Fort Worth Airport
491
TOTAL
Other Real Estate Investments
In addition to our 122 full-service hotels, we maintain investments in joint ventures or partnerships that in the aggregate own four full-service hotels, 120 limited service hotels and other investments, the operations of which we do not consolidate. During 2002, our equity in earnings of affiliates from these investments was less than 1% of our total revenues. Typically, we manage our investments and conduct business through a combination of general and limited partnership and limited liability company interests. As of December 31, 2002, the combined balance sheets of these investments included approximately $1.3 billion in assets and $1.0 billion in debt, principally first mortgages on hotel properties. All of the debt of these entities is non-recourse to us and our subsidiaries. We consolidate entities (in the absence of other factors determining control) when we own over 50% of the voting shares of another company or, in the case of partnership investments, when we own a majority of the general partnership interest. The control factors we consider include the ability of minority shareholders or other partners to participate in or block management decisions.
For a more detailed discussion of our other real estate investments, including a summary of the outstanding debt balances of our affiliates, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial ConditionInvestments in Affiliates and Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial StatementsInvestments in Affiliates.
Environmental and Regulatory Matters
Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. These laws may impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. In addition, certain environmental laws and common law principles could be used to impose liability for release of asbestos-containing materials, and third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with exposure to released asbestos-containing materials. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require corrective or other expenditures. In connection with our current or prior ownership or operation of hotels, we may be potentially liable for various environmental costs or liabilities. Although we are currently not aware of any material environmental claims pending or threatened against us, we can offer no assurance that a material environmental claim will not be asserted against us in the future.
Material Agreements
Our hotels are managed and operated by third parties pursuant to management agreements with our lessee subsidiaries. The initial term of our management agreements is generally 15 to 20 years with multiple renewal terms. Our management agreements with our operators typically have terms described below.
Employees
Our Board of Directors and executive officers manage us, and we have no employees who are not employees of the operating partnership. On March 1, 2003, the operating partnership had 189 employees, including approximately 13 employees at the Sacramento Host Airport hotel, who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement that is subject to review and renewal on a regular basis. We believe that we and our managers generally have good relations with labor unions at our hotels. We and our managers have not experienced any material business interruptions as a result of labor disputes.
RISK FACTORS
Prospective investors should carefully consider, among other factors, the material risks described below.
Financial Risks
We depend on external sources of capital for future growth and we may be unable to access capital when necessary. We generally are required to distribute to our shareholders at least 90% of our taxable income in order to qualify as a REIT, including any income we recognize for tax purposes but with regard to which we do not receive corresponding cash. As a consequence, our ability to reduce our debt and to finance our growth must, to a significant degree, be funded by external sources of capital. Our ability to access the external capital we require on terms favorable to us or at all, could be hampered by a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including, without limitation, declining general market conditions, unfavorable market perception of our growth potential, the downgrading of the ratings on our outstanding public indebtedness, decreases in our current and estimated future earnings or decreases in the market price of our common stock. In addition, our ability to access additional capital may also be limited by the terms of our existing indebtedness, which among other things, restricts our incurrence of debt and the payment of dividends. The occurrence of any of these above-mentioned factors, individually or in combination, could prevent us from being able to obtain the capital we require on terms that are acceptable to us or at all and the failure to obtain necessary capital could materially adversely affect our future growth.
We have substantial leverage. We have a significant amount of indebtedness, which could have important consequences. It currently requires us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, which reduces the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, expansion efforts, distributions to our shareholders and other general corporate expenditures. Additionally, it could:
If our cash flow and working capital were not sufficient to fund our expenditures or service our indebtedness, we would have to raise additional funds through:
We cannot assure you that any of these sources of funds would be available to us or, if available, would be available on terms that we would find acceptable or in amounts sufficient for us to meet our obligations or fulfill our business objectives.
Our future cash distributions on preferred and common stock may be limited by the terms of our indebtedness and in addition, our ability to pay dividends on our common stock may be further limited by the terms of our preferred stock. In order to maintain our status as a REIT, we are currently required to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our taxable income. Under the terms of our credit facility and our senior notes indenture, distributions to us by the operating partnership, which we depend upon in order to obtain the cash necessary to pay dividends, are permitted only to the extent that, at the time of the distributions, the operating partnership can satisfy certain financial covenant tests and meet other requirements. For example, to make distributions to us, the operating partnership must in general have a consolidated coverage ratio (measuring the pro forma ratio of its consolidated EBITDA to its consolidated cash interest expense) of 2.0 to 1.0 or greater.
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In addition, the aggregate amount of all of our debt, not including our Convertible Preferred Securities (defined herein), must be less than or equal to 65% of our total assets plus accumulated depreciation. If it fails to meet these requirements, the operating partnership will only be able to make cash distributions to us, subject to compliance with certain other requirements, in the amounts required to maintain our qualification as a REIT. As of the beginning of the third quarter of 2002, we have had a consolidated coverage ratio of less than 2.0 to 1.0. We will be able to pay dividends only to the extent that we have taxable income and are required to make distributions to maintain our status as a REIT. Accordingly, we expect to continue to be prohibited from paying cash dividends on our capital stock beyond the level necessary to maintain our status as a REIT until our coverage ratio is at or above the 2.0 to 1.0 coverage ratio.
Under the terms of each of our class A, class B and class C cumulative redeemable preferred stock, we are not permitted to pay dividends on our common stock unless cumulative dividends have been paid (or funds for payment have been set aside for payment) on each such class of preferred stock. Therefore, our ability to pay a dividend on our common stock is subject to our having previously paid all cumulative dividends accrued on our outstanding classes of preferred stock. Since the issuance of each of our classes of preferred stock, all dividends on our preferred stock have been paid when due and there are no dividends accrued for prior quarters through 2002. Our ability to pay dividends on our preferred and common stock is also limited by the terms of our Convertible Preferred Securities.
As of December 31, 2002 we remained under the 2.0 to 1.0 EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio under the senior notes indenture. As a result, dividends on both common and preferred shares were restricted to the minimum amount of distributions required to maintain our REIT status. Required distributions for 2002 were satisfied in part by payment of dividends on the preferred shares in 2002. We believe that the remaining 2002 distribution requirement should largely be satisfied by the payment of dividends expected to be declared on preferred shares in the first, second and third quarters of 2003. We may, however, also need to pay a nominal common dividend in 2003 to satisfy any remaining 2002 distribution requirement. The payment of any additional dividends on either common or preferred shares will depend on 2003 operating performance and its impact on taxable income and whether our EBITDA-to-cash interest ratio is below 2.0 to 1.0 coverage for fiscal year 2003. We cannot provide assurance that we will experience improvement in our operations sufficient to reinstate a dividend on our common stock or that we will continue to pay dividends on our preferred stock.
Rating Agency downgrades may increase our cost of capital. Certain of our corporate debt, including our senior notes, are rated by independent rating agencies, such as Moodys and Standard & Poors. These rating agencies may elect to downgrade their ratings on our corporate debt at any time. As a result of continuing weak economic conditions, the lodging industry experienced a significant decline in business in 2002. Revenues at our hotels decreased during 2002 compared to 2001, and we currently expect that revenues will continue to decrease for at least the first half of 2003, when compared to revenues for the same period in 2002. As a result of the deterioration in our operations, one of the rating agencies downgraded their rating on our senior debt on February 13, 2003. The other rating agency affirmed our rating, but if our operating results continue to decline, they will be more likely to downgrade their rating on our debt. These downgrades negatively affect our access to the capital markets.
The terms of our debt place restrictions on us and our subsidiaries, reducing operational flexibility and creating default risks. There are no restrictions in our organizational documents that limit the amount of indebtedness that we may incur. The documents governing the terms of our senior notes and credit facility contain covenants that place restrictions on us and our subsidiaries. The terms of our debt put limitation on the following activities:
In addition, certain covenants in our credit facility and the senior notes indenture require us and our subsidiaries, as a condition to engaging in certain activities, to meet financial performance tests. These restrictive covenants, together with other restrictive covenants in the documents governing our other debt (including our mortgage debt), reduce our flexibility in conducting our operations and limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term interest. In addition, certain covenants in our credit facility and the senior notes indenture require us to meet financial performance tests at all times without regard to the activities in which we engage. Our failure to comply with these restrictive covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all or a substantial portion of our debt or a significant increase in the interest rates on our debt, either of which could adversely affect our ability to maintain adequate liquidity.
We are currently in compliance with the terms and restrictive covenants of our credit facility, but if operations do not improve, we may fail to comply with certain of the terms of our credit facility. While we expect to modify the terms of our credit facility to provide for less stringent financial covenants, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in making such modification on terms that are acceptable to us. If we are unable to modify the terms of the credit facility to provide for less stringent financial covenants or to obtain alternative sources of capital on terms acceptable to us, our liquidity will be adversely affected.
Our mortgage debt contains provisions that may reduce our liquidity. Certain of our mortgage debt requires that, to the extent cash flow from the hotels which secure such debt drops below stated levels, we escrow cash flow after the payment of debt service until operations improve above the stated levels. In some cases, the escrowed amount may be applied to the outstanding balance of the mortgage debt. Such provisions were triggered under two of our mortgage facilities which are secured by twelve of our properties. As a result, approximately $17 million of cash has been escrowed as of December 31, 2002. There can be no assurance that these properties will achieve the minimum cash flow levels required to trigger a release of the escrowed funds. The amounts required to be escrowed may be material and may negatively affect our liquidity by limiting our access to cash flow after debt service from these mortgaged properties.
Certain financial covenants under the documents governing our indebtedness limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interest. Under the terms of our credit facility and the senior notes indenture, we and our subsidiaries are generally prohibited from incurring additional indebtedness unless, at the time of such incurrence, we would satisfy the requirements set forth therein, including the consolidated coverage ratio as discussed above. As a result of the effects on our business of the continuing weak economic environment, our consolidated coverage ratio calculated beginning in the third quarter of 2002 continues to be less than 2.0 to 1.0. Because our consolidated coverage ratio is below this level, the terms of our indebtedness prohibits us from incurring indebtedness other than the incurrence of amounts specifically permitted to be incurred, such as borrowings under our credit facility and the incurrence of debt in connection with refinancings. Our failure to maintain a consolidated coverage ratio that is equal to or greater than 2.0 to 1.0 also limits our ability to reinstate the payment of dividends on our common stock as described in Risk FactorsFinancial RisksOur future cash distributions on common stock may be limited by the terms of our indebtedness and the terms of our preferred stock. The restriction imposed by this covenant may limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term interest.
Sales of shares of our common stock that are, or become, available for sale could adversely affect the price for shares of our common stock. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception that sales could occur, could adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock. Holders
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of units of limited partnership interest in the operating partnership may redeem their OP Units for cash, or at our discretion, for shares of our common stock. Holders who redeem their OP Units and receive common stock upon redemption will be able to sell those shares freely, unless the person is our affiliate and resale of the affiliates shares is not covered by an effective registration statement. As of March 1, 2003, there were approximately 29 million OP Units outstanding that are currently redeemable for cash or, at our election, for an equivalent number of shares of common stock. Further, a substantial number of shares of our common stock have been, and will be, issued or reserved for issuance from time to time under our employee benefit plans. These shares of common stock would be available for sale in the public markets from time to time pursuant to exemptions from registration or upon registration. Moreover, we may issue additional shares of our common stock in the future. We can make no prediction about the effect that future sales of our common stock would have on the market price of our common stock.
Our earnings and cash distributions will affect the market price of shares of our common stock. We believe that the market value of a REITs equity securities is based in part on the markets perception of the REITs growth potential and its current and potential future cash distributions, as well as upon the value of the REITs underlying assets. For that reason, shares of our common stock may trade at prices that are higher or lower than our net asset value per share. Our failure to meet the markets expectation with regard to future earnings and cash distributions would likely adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Market interest rates may affect the price of shares of our common stock. We believe that one of the factors which investors consider important in deciding whether to buy or sell shares of a REIT is the distribution rate on the shares, considered as a percentage of the price of the shares, relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective purchasers of REIT shares may expect a higher dividend rate. Thus, higher market interest rates could cause the market price of our shares to go down.
Risks of Operation
Our revenues and the value of our properties are subject to conditions affecting the lodging industry. The lodging industry has experienced a difficult period and operations have generally been declining for the past two years. The decline has resulted in a decline in RevPAR and declining profit margins. The decline is due to a number of factors including a weak economy and apprehension over further terrorist activity in the United States and the war in Iraq, all of which have changed the travel patterns of both business and leisure travelers. It is not clear whether these changes are permanent or whether they will continue to evolve creating new opportunities or difficulties for the industry. Based on the uncertain state of the economy, we have forecasted that RevPAR will be comparable to 2002 levels or down modestly. Our forecast is affected and can change based on the following items:
There can be no assurance that the current weak economic conditions will not continue for an extended period of time or that if such conditions do continue, they will not further affect our operations. To the extent that such conditions were to persist, our assets may not generate income sufficient to pay our expenses and we may be unable to service our debt and maintain our properties.
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In addition, thirty of our hotels and assets related thereto are subject to various mortgages in an aggregate amount of approximately $2.3 billion. Although the debt is generally non-recourse to us and the operating partnership, if these hotels do not produce adequate cash flow to service the debt secured by such mortgages, the mortgage lenders could foreclose on these assets. If the cash flow from these properties were not sufficient to provide us with an adequate return, we may opt to allow such foreclosure rather than make the necessary mortgage payments with funds from other sources. However, our senior notes indenture and credit facility contain cross default provisions, which depending upon the amount of secured debt defaulted on, could cause a cross default under both of these agreements. For this and other reasons, we cannot assure you that permitting any such foreclosure would not adversely affect our long-term business prospects.
Our expenses may not decrease if our revenue drops. Certain expenses associated with owning and operating hotels are fixed and do not necessarily decrease when circumstances such as market factors and competition cause a reduction in income from the property. Because of current weak economic conditions, particularly in the lodging industry, we have been working with our managers to reduce the operating costs of our hotels. While we have achieved reductions in operating costs as a result of these efforts, further cost reductions could be difficult to achieve if operating levels continue to decline. Some of the cost reduction efforts undertaken may eventually need to be reversed even if operations remain at reduced levels. Regardless of these efforts to reduce costs, our expenses will be affected by inflationary increases, and in the case of certain costs, such as wages, benefits and insurance, may exceed the rate of inflation in 2003, and our managers may be unable to offset these increased expenses with higher room rates. Any of our efforts to reduce operating costs or failure to make scheduled capital expenditures could adversely affect the growth of our business and the value of our hotel properties.
Our revenues may be affected by increased use of reservation systems based on the Internet. Although the majority of the rooms sold on the Internet are sold through websites maintained by our managers, a growing number of rooms are sold through independent Internet sites. Typically, these independent Internet sites purchase rooms at a negotiated discount from participating properties, which could result in lower average room rates compared to the room rates that the manager may have obtained. While we do not believe that price is the only factor considered when choosing our properties, if the discount or the amount of rooms sold using the internet were to increase significantly our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our ground lease payments may increase faster than the revenues we receive on the hotels situated on the leased properties. As of March 1, 2003, 44 of our hotels are subject to ground leases (including the New York World Trade Center Marriott hotel ground lease which is still in effect). These ground leases generally require increases in ground rent payments every five years. Our ability to service our debt could be adversely affected to the extent that our revenues do not increase at the same or a greater rate than the increases in rental payments under the ground leases. In addition, if we were to sell a hotel encumbered by a ground lease, the buyer would have to assume the ground lease, which may result in a lower sales price. Moreover, to the extent that such ground leases are not renewed at their expiration, our revenues could be adversely affected.
We do not control our hotel operations and we are dependent on the managers of our hotels. Because federal income tax laws restrict REITs and their subsidiaries from operating a hotel, we do not manage our hotels. Instead, we retain third-party managers to manage our hotels pursuant to management agreements. Our income from the hotels may be adversely affected if our managers fail to provide quality services and amenities or if they fail to maintain a quality brand name. While our wholly owned taxable REIT subsidiaries lease substantially all of our full-service properties and monitor the hotel managers performance, we have limited specific recourse under our management agreements if we believe that the hotel managers are not performing adequately. In addition, from time to time, we have had, and continue to have, differences with the managers of our hotels over their performance and compliance with the terms of our management agreements. We generally resolve issues with our managers through discussions and negotiations. However, if we are unable to reach satisfactory results through discussions and negotiations, we may choose to litigate such a dispute.
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Failure by our hotel managers to fully perform the duties agreed to in our management agreements could adversely affect our results of operations.
Our relationship with Marriott International may result in conflicts of interest. Marriott International, a public hotel management company, and its affiliates, manages or franchises 109 of our 122 hotels as of March 1, 2003. In addition, Marriott International manages, and in some cases owns or is invested in, hotels that compete with our hotels. As a result, Marriott International has in the past made and may in the future make decisions regarding competing lodging facilities that are not or would not be in our best interests.
Prior to the departure of J. W. Marriott, Jr. from our board at the end of his term in May of 2002, and Richard E. Marriotts resignation from the board of Marriott International in May of 2002, Richard E. Marriott was our Chairman of the Board and a director of Marriott International and his brother, J. W. Marriott, Jr., was a member of our Board of Directors and served as a director and executive officer of Marriott International. As a result, both individuals had potential conflicts of interest as our directors when making decisions regarding Marriott International. J. W. Marriott, Jr. and Richard E. Marriott beneficially owned, as determined for securities law purposes, as of February 28, 2003, approximately 12.4% and 12.7%, respectively, of the outstanding shares of common stock of Marriott International. Our Board of Directors followed our policies and procedures intended to limit the involvement of J. W. Marriott, Jr. and Richard E. Marriott in conflict situations, including requiring them to abstain from voting as directors in matters that presented a conflict between the companies.
Our management agreements could impair the sale or financing of our hotels. Under the terms of our management agreements, we generally may not sell, lease or otherwise transfer the hotels unless the transferee is not a competitor of the manager and the transferee assumes the related management agreements and meets specified other conditions. Our ability to finance or sell any of the properties, depending upon the structure of such transactions, may require the managers consent. If the manager does not consent, we would be prohibited from taking actions in our best interest without breaching the management agreement.
The acquisition contracts relating to some hotels limit our ability to sell or refinance those hotels. For reasons relating to tax considerations of the former and current owners of approximately 18 of our full-service hotels, we agreed to restrictions on selling the hotels or repaying or refinancing the mortgage debt on those hotels for varying periods depending on the hotel, substantially all of which will expire by 2008. We anticipate that, in specified circumstances, we may agree to similar restrictions in connection with future hotel acquisitions. As a result, even if it were in our best interests to sell these hotels or refinance the mortgage debt on such hotels, it may be difficult or costly to do so during their respective lock-out periods.
We may be unable to sell properties because real estate investments are illiquid. Real estate investments generally cannot be sold quickly. We may not be able to vary our portfolio promptly in response to economic or other conditions. The inability to respond promptly to changes in the performance of our investments could adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to service our debt. In addition, there are limitations under the federal tax laws applicable to REITs and agreements that we have entered into when we acquired some of our properties that may limit our ability to recognize the full economic benefit from a sale of our assets.
We depend on our key personnel. We depend on the efforts of our executive officers and other key personnel. While we believe that we could find replacements for these key personnel, the loss of their services could have a significant adverse effect on our operations. None of our key personnel have employment agreements.
Litigation judgments or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. We are a party to various lawsuits, including lawsuits relating to our conversion into a REIT. While we and the other defendants to such lawsuits believe all of the lawsuits in which we are a defendant are without merit and we are vigorously defending against such claims, we can give no assurance as to the outcome of any of the lawsuits. If any of the lawsuits were to be determined adversely to us or a settlement involving a payment of a material sum of money were to occur, there could be a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
We may acquire hotel properties through joint ventures with third parties that could result in conflicts. Instead of purchasing hotel properties directly, we may invest as a co-venturer. Joint venturers often share control over the operation of the joint venture assets. For example, we entered into a joint venture with Marriott International that owns two limited partnerships holding, in the aggregate, 120 Courtyard by Marriott hotels. Subsidiaries of Marriott International manage these Courtyard by Marriott hotels and other subsidiaries of Marriott International serve as ground lessors and mezzanine lender to the partnerships. Actions by a co-venturer could subject the assets to additional risk, including:
Although we generally will seek to maintain sufficient control of any joint venture to permit our objectives to be achieved, we might not be able to take action without the approval of our joint venture partners. Also, our joint venture partners could take actions binding on the joint venture without our consent. For further discussion of the risks associated with entering into a joint venture with Marriott International, Risk FactorsRisks of OperationOur relationship with Marriott International may result in conflicts of interest.
Environmental problems are possible and can be costly. We believe that our properties are in compliance in all material respects with applicable environmental laws. Unidentified environmental liabilities could arise, however, and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and performance. Federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment may require a current or previous owner or operator of real estate to investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at the property. The owner or operator may have to pay a governmental entity or third parties for property damage and for investigation and clean-up costs incurred by the parties in connection with the contamination. These laws typically impose clean-up responsibility and liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of or caused the presence of the contaminants. Even if more than one person may have been responsible for the contamination, each person covered by the environmental laws may be held responsible for all of the clean-up costs incurred. In addition, third parties may sue the owner or operator of a site for damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from that site. Environmental laws also govern the presence, maintenance and removal of asbestos. These laws require that owners or operators of buildings containing asbestos properly manage and maintain the asbestos, that they notify and train those who may come into contact with asbestos and that they undertake special precautions, including removal or other abatement, if asbestos would be disturbed during renovation or demolition of a building. These laws may impose fines and penalties on building owners or operators who fail to comply with these requirements and may allow third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators for personal injury associated with exposure to asbestos fibers.
Compliance with other government regulations can be costly. Our hotels are subject to various other forms of regulation, including Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act, building codes and regulations pertaining to fire safety. Compliance with those laws and regulations could require substantial capital expenditures. These regulations may be changed from time to time, or new regulations adopted, resulting in additional costs of compliance, including potential litigation. Any increased costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Future terrorist attacks could adversely affect us. Previous terrorist attacks have adversely affected the travel and hospitality industries, including the full-service hotel industry. The impact which these terrorist attacks have had, or could have on our business in particular and the United States economy, the global economy and global financial markets in general is indeterminable. It is possible that these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, our ability to finance our business, our ability to insure our properties (see Risk FactorsRisks of OperationWe may not be able to recover fully under our existing terrorism insurance for
losses caused by some types of terrorist acts, and recently enacted federal terrorism legislation does not ensure that we will be able to obtain terrorism insurance in adequate amounts or at acceptable premium levels in the future.) and on our financial condition and results of operations as a whole.
Some potential losses are not covered by insurance. We carry comprehensive insurance coverage for general liability, property, business interruption and other risks with respect to all of our hotels and other properties. These policies offer coverage features and insured limits that we believe are customary for similar type properties. Generally, our all-risk property policies provide that coverage is available on a per occurrence basis and that, for each occurrence, there is an overall limit as well as various sub-limits on the amount of insurance proceeds we can receive. Sub-limits exist for certain types of claims such as service interruption, abatement, expediting costs or landscaping replacement, and the dollar amounts of these sub-limits are significantly lower than the dollar amounts of the overall coverage limit. Our property policies also provide that all of the claims from each of our properties resulting from a particular insurable event, must be combined together for purposes of evaluating whether the aggregate limits and sub-limits contained in our policies have been exceeded and, in the case of our Marriott-managed hotels, any such claims will also be combined with the claims of other owners of Marriott-managed hotels for the same purpose. That means that, if an insurable event occurs that affects more than one of our hotels, or, in the case of Marriott-managed hotels, affects Marriott-managed hotels owned by others, the claims from each affected hotel will be added together to determine whether the aggregate limit or sub-limits, depending on the type of claim, have been reached and each affected hotel will only receive a proportional share of the amount of insurance proceeds provided for under the policy. We may incur losses in excess of insured limits and, as a result, we may be even less likely to receive sufficient coverage for risks that affect multiple properties such as earthquakes or certain types of terrorism.
In addition, there are other risks such as war, certain forms of terrorism such as nuclear, biological or chemical terrorism and some environmental hazards that may be deemed to fall completely outside the general coverage limits of our policies or may be uninsurable or may be too expensive to justify insuring against. If any such risk were to materialize and materially adversely affect one or more of our properties, we would likely not be able to recover our losses.
We may also encounter challenges with an insurance provider regarding whether it will pay a particular claim that we believe to be covered under our policy. Should a loss in excess of insured limits or an uninsured loss occur or should we be unsuccessful in obtaining coverage from an insurance carrier, we could lose all, or a portion of, the capital we have invested in a property, as well as the anticipated future revenue from the hotel. In that event, we might nevertheless remain obligated for any mortgage debt or other financial obligations related to the property.
We may not be able to recover fully under our existing terrorism insurance for losses caused by some types of terrorist acts, and recently enacted federal terrorism legislation does not ensure that we will be able to obtain terrorism insurance in adequate amounts or at acceptable premium levels in the future. On September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center Towers in New York City resulted in the destruction of our New York World Trade Center Marriott hotel and caused considerable damage to our New York Marriott Financial Center hotel. Although we had both property and business interruption insurance with a major insurer from whom we expect to receive proceeds to cover a substantial portion of the losses at both hotels, we cannot currently determine the amount or timing of those payments. Under the terms of the New York World Trade Center Marriott ground lease, any proceeds from the property portion of the hotel claim are required to be placed in an insurance trust for the exclusive purpose of rebuilding the hotel. As of March 1, 2003, we had received business interruption and property advances from our insurers in an aggregate amount of $41 million, approximately $6 million of which was for property insurance proceeds relating to the two hotels. If the amount of such insurance proceeds is substantially less than our actual losses or if the payments are substantially delayed, it could have a material adverse effect on our business.
In addition, as a result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, most insurers ceased to offer terrorism coverage in conjunction with all-risk property policies (described below), and the main source of property
terrorism coverage became separate standalone terrorism insurance policies offering limited coverage amounts with high premium levels. We have procured such standalone terrorism coverage, which is subject to annual aggregate limits which fall below the full replacement cost of certain high value properties, and with more limited coverage than the all-risk program shared among various hotels. On November 26, 2002, the Federal Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (TRIA) required all-risk and liability insurers who had excluded or limited terrorism coverage to remove the exclusion in exchange for requiring insureds to pay an additional premium for the coverage within a specified time period. Because our liability policies generally offered terrorism coverage, TRIA mainly impacts our all-risk insurance.
We, through Marriott International and our broker for certain of our non-Marriott International properties, decided to purchase the additional terrorism coverage under TRIA and are currently in the process of obtaining the insurance. This terrorism coverage, compared to standalone coverage, offers the higher limits and more comprehensive coverage associated with our all-risk programs. However, as noted above, the all-risk program also has limitations such as per occurrence limits and sublimits which might have to be shared proportionally across participating hotels under certain loss scenarios. All-risk insurers also only have to provide TRIA-related coverage for certified acts of terrorismnamely those which are committed on behalf of non-United States persons or interests. Further, we do not have full replacement coverage at all of our properties for acts of terrorism committed on behalf of United States persons or interests, as our coverage for such incidents is limited to the standalone program and its aggregate limits and to its provisions for sharing coverage with other owners who experience a loss. In addition, property damage related to war and to nuclear incidents is excluded under our standalone terrorism policies. The policy excludes coverage for chemical and biological incidents, and it is unclear whether these incidents would be covered under our other standalone policies. The availability of any such coverage under TRIA is currently unclear as government and insurance industry experts continue to analyze the language and intent of the legislation and we continue to review the language of our all-risk policies. In addition, TRIA terminates on December 31, 2005, and there is no guarantee that the terrorism coverage that it mandates will be readily available or affordable thereafter. As a result of the above, there remains considerable uncertainty regarding the extent and adequacy of terrorism coverage that will be available to protect our interests in the event of future terrorist attacks that impact our properties.
We may be unable to satisfy the insurance requirements of our lenders given the changes in the insurance industry after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. We are required to maintain adequate or full replacement cost all-risk property insurance on properties that are subject to mortgage agreements. In the months following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, our policies in effect during the time of the terrorist attacks expired, and thereafter, we completed renewals of the all-risk property insurance policies for all of our hotels. As discussed above, we also procured standalone coverage for terrorism, but not at levels which provided full replacement value at all of our properties with loans. The existence of additional terrorism coverage since the passage of TRIA should satisfy many of these lenders. However, as discussed above, this coverage also has limitations.
In addition, certain of our mortgage debt agreements require us to maintain property insurance provided by carriers maintaining certain minimum ratings from Standard & Poors, A.M. Best or other rating agencies. We do not currently satisfy a minimum Standard & Poors insurer rating requirement of AA for six of our properties subject to approximately $481 million of mortgage debt. We also do not currently satisfy the minimum Standard & Poors insurer rating requirement of AA- for one of the properties within a mortgage backed securities portfolio subject to approximately $609 million in mortgage debt. Following a downgrade in September of 2002, our main carrier for these properties possesses a Standard & Poors rating of A+. We have notified the appropriate lenders of this situation, and all have either waived the minimum carrier rating requirement, or provided written assurances that they are satisfied with the makeup of our pool of insurers. Additionally, for five of our properties subject to approximately $711 million of mortgage debt, our insurance does not meet the requirement that all property insurance carriers maintain a minimum A.M. Best rating of A-X. For one of the properties, the main carrier does not satisfy the financial strength requirement under the loan. For the other four properties, several of the companies making up our pool of insurers do not satisfy the minimum A.M. Best rating with respect to market capitalization. All of the affected lenders have been notified and have either waived the requirement or provided written assurances that they are satisfied with the insurance.
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While we do not expect any of the lenders to take action in response to these deficiencies, we cannot provide assurances that each of our lenders will continue to be satisfied with our insurance coverage, or with the rating levels of our carriers, or that our carriers will not be downgraded further. If any of these lenders become dissatisfied with our insurance coverage or the ratings of our insurance carriers, they may on our behalf, elect to procure additional property insurance coverage that meets their ratings requirements. The cost of such additional property insurance coverage would be borne by the property or properties securing the loans. Also, the premiums associated with such coverage may be considerably higher than those associated with our current coverage.
Risks Related to Stock Ownership
There are limitations on the ability of investors to acquire our common stock and to effect a change in control. Our charter and bylaws, the partnership agreement of the operating partnership, our shareholder rights plan, the Maryland General Corporation Law and certain of our contracts contain a number of provisions that could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control of us that might involve a premium price for our shareholders or otherwise be in their best interests, including the following:
Consent rights of the limited partners. Under the partnership agreement of the operating partnership, we generally will be able to merge or consolidate with another entity with the consent of partners holding percentage interests that are more than 50% of the aggregate percentage interests of the
outstanding limited partnership interests entitled to vote on the merger or consolidation, including any limited partnership interests held by us, as long as the holders of limited partnership interests either receive or have the right to receive the same consideration as our shareholders. We, as holder of a majority of the limited partnership interests, would be able to control the vote. Under our charter, holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding shares of common stock generally must approve the merger or consolidation.
Legislative or regulatory tax changes may adversely affect us. The federal income tax laws governing REITs and other corporations or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended at any time. On January 7, 2003, the Bush Administration released a proposal intended to eliminate one level of the double taxation that is currently imposed on corporate income by excluding corporate dividends from individuals taxable income to the extent that corporate income tax has been paid on the earnings from which the dividends are paid. REITs currently have a tax advantage relative to other corporations because they are not subject to corporate-level federal income tax on income that they distribute to shareholders. The tax treatment of REITs generally would not be affected by the Bush Administrations proposal in its current form, except that a REIT that receives dividends from a corporation that has been subject to corporate income tax could distribute or retain those amounts without a second tax being imposed on the REIT or its shareholders. The Bush Administrations proposal, if enacted, could cause individual investors to view stocks of other corporations as more attractive relative to stocks of REITs because part or all of the dividends on the stock of the corporation would be exempt from tax for the individual. It is not possible to predict whether this change in relative perceived value will occur, or what the impact will be on our stock. In any event, there can be no assurance regarding whether the Bush Administrations proposal ultimately will be enacted or the form in which it might be enacted.
There are possible adverse consequences of limits on ownership of our common stock. To maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares of capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include some entities. In addition, a person who owns, directly or by attribution, 10% or more of an interest in a tenant of ours, or a tenant of any partnership in which we are a partner, cannot own, directly or by attribution, 10% or more of our shares without jeopardizing our qualification as a REIT. Primarily to facilitate maintenance of our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, the ownership limit under our charter prohibits ownership, directly or by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, by any person or persons acting as a group, of more than 9.8% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock and prohibits ownership, directly or by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, by any person, or persons acting as a group, of more than 9.8% of the issued and outstanding shares of any class or series of our preferred shares. Together, these limitations are referred to as the ownership limit. Our Board of Directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, may waive or modify the ownership limit with respect to one or more persons who would not be treated as individuals for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code if the Board of Directors is satisfied that ownership in excess of this limit will not cause a person who is an individual to be treated as owning shares in excess of the ownership limit, applying the applicable constructive ownership rules, and will not otherwise jeopardize our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes (for example, by causing any of our tenants to be considered a related party tenant for purposes of the REIT qualification rules). Common stock acquired or held in violation of the ownership limit will be transferred automatically to a trust for the benefit of a designated charitable beneficiary, and the person who acquired the common stock in violation of the ownership limit will not be entitled to any distributions thereon, to vote those shares of common stock or to receive any proceeds from the subsequent sale of the common stock in excess of the lesser of the price paid for the common stock or the amount realized from the sale. A transfer of shares of our common stock to a person who, as a result of the transfer, violates the ownership limit may be void under certain circumstances, and, in any
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event, would deny that person any of the economic benefits of owning shares of our common stock in excess of the ownership limit. The ownership limit may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control and, therefore, could adversely affect the shareholders ability to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price for our common stock in connection with such transaction.
Federal Income Tax Risks
We are required to make certain distributions to qualify as a REIT but may not have sufficient cash available for distribution from operations. To continue to qualify as a REIT, we currently are required to distribute to our shareholders with respect to each year at least 90% of our taxable income, excluding net capital gain, regardless of our available cash or outstanding obligations. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions made by us with respect to the calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income and 95% of our capital gain net income for that year and any undistributed taxable income from prior periods less excess distributions from prior years. We intend to make distributions, subject to the availability of cash and in compliance with any debt covenants, to our shareholders to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid the nondeductible excise tax and will rely for this purpose on distributions from the operating partnership. However, there are differences in timing between our recognition of taxable income and our receipt of cash available for distribution due to, among other things, the seasonality of the lodging industry and the fact that some taxable income will be phantom income, which is taxable income that is not matched by cash flow, or EBITDA, to us. Due to some transactions entered into in years prior to the REIT conversion, we expect to recognize substantial amounts of phantom income. It is possible that these timing differences could require us to borrow funds or to issue additional equity to enable us to meet the distribution requirement and, therefore, to maintain our REIT status, and to avoid the nondeductible excise tax. In addition, because the REIT distribution requirements prevent us from retaining earnings, we will generally be required to refinance debt that matures with additional debt or equity. We cannot assure you that any of these sources of funds, if available at all, would be sufficient to meet our distribution and tax obligations.
Adverse tax consequences would apply if we failed to qualify as a REIT. We believe that we have been organized and have operated in such a manner so as to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 1999, and we currently expect to continue to operate as a REIT during future years. No assurance can be provided, however, that we qualify as a REIT or that new legislation, Treasury Regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not significantly change the tax laws with respect to our qualification as a REIT or the federal income tax consequences of our REIT qualification. If we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will be subject to federal and state income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. In addition, unless entitled to statutory relief, we would not qualify as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which REIT qualification is lost. The additional tax burden on us would significantly reduce the cash available for distribution by us to our shareholders, and we would no longer be required to make any distributions to shareholders. Our failure to qualify as a REIT could reduce materially the value of our common stock and under current law would cause any distributions to shareholders that otherwise would have been subject to tax as capital gain dividends to be taxable as ordinary income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, or E&P. However, subject to limitations under the Internal Revenue Code, corporate distributees may be eligible for the dividends received deduction with respect to our distributions. Our failure to qualify as a REIT also would cause an event of default under our credit facility that could lead to an acceleration of the amounts due under the credit facility, which, in turn, would constitute an event of default under our outstanding debt securities.
We will be disqualified as a REIT at least for taxable year 1999 if we failed to distribute all of our E&P attributable to our non-REIT taxable years. In order to qualify as a REIT, we cannot have at the end of any taxable year any undistributed E&P that is attributable to one of our non-REIT taxable years. A REIT has until the close of its first taxable year as a REIT in which it has non-REIT E&P to distribute its accumulated E&P. We were required to have distributed this E&P prior to the end of 1999, the first taxable year for which our
REIT election was effective. If we failed to do this, we will be disqualified as a REIT at least for taxable year 1999. We believe that distributions of non-REIT E&P that we made were sufficient to distribute all of the non-REIT E&P as of December 31, 1999, but we cannot provide assurance that we met this requirement.
If our leases are not respected as true leases for Federal income tax purposes, we would fail to qualify as a REIT. To qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy two gross income tests, under which specified percentages of our gross income must be passive income, like rent. For the rent paid pursuant to the leases, which constitutes substantially all of our gross income, to qualify for purposes of the gross income tests, the leases must be respected as true leases for Federal income tax purposes and not be treated as service contracts, joint ventures or some other type of arrangement. In addition, the lessees must not be regarded as related party tenant, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code. We believe that the leases will be respected as true leases for Federal income tax purposes. There can be no assurance, however, that the IRS will agree with this view. We also believe that Crestline, the lessee of substantially all of our full-service hotels prior to January 1, 2001, was not a related party tenant and, as a result of changes in the tax laws effective January 1, 2001, HMT Lessee will not be treated as a related party tenant so long as it qualifies as a taxable REIT subsidiary. If the leases were not respected as true leases for Federal income tax purposes or if the lessees were regarded as related party tenants, we would not be able to satisfy either of the two gross income tests applicable to REITs and we would lose our REIT status. See Risk FactorsFederal Income Tax RisksAdverse tax consequences would apply if we failed to qualify as a REIT above.
If HMT Lessee fails to qualify as a taxable REIT subsidiary, we would fail to qualify as a REIT. For our taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2001, as a result of REIT tax law changes under the specific provisions of the Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 relating to REITs (we refer to those provisions as the REIT Modernization Act), we are permitted to lease our hotels to a subsidiary of the operating partnership that is taxable as a corporation and that elects to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Accordingly, HMT Lessee has directly or indirectly acquired all the full-service hotel leasehold interests from third parties. So long as HMT Lessee and other affiliated lessees qualify as taxable REIT subsidiaries of ours, they will not be treated as related party tenant. We believe that HMT Lessee qualifies to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for Federal income tax purposes. We cannot assure you, however, that the IRS will not challenge its status as a taxable REIT subsidiary for Federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in disqualifying HMT Lessee from treatment as a taxable REIT subsidiary, we would fail to meet the asset tests applicable to REITs and substantially all of our income would fail to qualify for the gross income tests and, accordingly, we would cease to qualify as a REIT. See Risk FactorsFederal Income Tax RisksAdverse tax consequences would apply if we failed to qualify as a REIT above.
Despite our REIT status, we remain subject to various taxes, including substantial deferred and contingent tax liabilities. Notwithstanding our status as a REIT, we are subject, through our ownership interest in the Operating Partnership, to certain federal, state, local and foreign taxes on our income and property. In addition, we will be required to pay federal tax at the highest regular corporate rate upon our share of any built-in gain recognized as a result of any sale before January 1, 2009, by the operating partnership and its non-corporate subsidiaries of assets, including the hotels, in which interests were acquired by the operating partnership from our predecessor and its subsidiaries as part of the REIT conversion. Built-in gain is the amount by which an assets fair market value exceeded our adjusted basis in the asset on January 1, 1999, the first day of our first taxable year as a REIT. The total amount of gain on which we would be subject to corporate income tax if the assets that we held at the time of the REIT conversion were sold in a taxable transaction prior to January 1, 2009 would be material to us. In addition, at the time of the REIT conversion, we expected that we or Rockledge Hotel Properties, Inc. or Fernwood Hotel Assets, Inc. (each of which is a taxable corporation in which the operating partnership owned a 95% nonvoting interest and, as of April, 2001, acquired 100% of the voting interests and each of which elected to be a taxable REIT subsidiary effective January 1, 2001) likely would recognize substantial built-in gain and deferred tax liabilities in the next ten years without any corresponding receipt of cash by us or the operating partnership. We may have to pay certain state income taxes because not all states treat REITs the same as they are treated for federal income tax purposes. We may also have to pay certain
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foreign taxes to the extent we own assets or conduct operations in foreign jurisdictions. The operating partnership is obligated under its partnership agreement to pay all such taxes (and any related interest and penalties) incurred by us, as well as any liabilities that the IRS successfully may assert against us for corporate income taxes for taxable years prior to the time we qualified as a REIT. Our taxable REIT subsidiaries, including Rockledge, Fernwood and HMT Lessee, are taxable as corporations and will pay federal, state and local income tax on their net income at the applicable corporate rates, and foreign taxes to the extent they own assets or conduct operations in foreign jurisdictions.
If the IRS were to challenge successfully the operating partnerships status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, we would cease to qualify as a REIT and suffer other adverse consequences. We believe that the operating partnership qualifies to be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, it is not subject to federal income tax on its income. Instead, each of its partners, including us, is required to recognize its allocable share of the operating partnerships income. No assurance can be provided, however, that the IRS will not challenge its status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in treating the operating partnership as a corporation for tax purposes, we would fail to meet the income tests and certain of the asset tests applicable to REITs and, accordingly, cease to qualify as a REIT. If we fail to qualify as a REIT, such failure would cause an event of default under our credit facility that, in turn, could constitute an event of default under our outstanding debt securities. Also, the failure of the operating partnership to qualify as a partnership would cause it to become subject to federal and state corporate income tax, which would reduce significantly the amount of cash available for debt service and for distribution to its partners, including us. Finally, the classification of the operating partnership as a corporation would cause us to recognize gain at least equal to our negative capital account if any.
As a REIT, we are subject to limitations on our ownership of debt and equity securities. Subject to the exceptions discussed in this paragraph, a REIT is prohibited from owning securities in any one issuer to the extent that the value of those securities exceeds 5% of the value of the REITs total assets, or the securities owned by the REIT represent more than 10% of the issuers outstanding voting securities or more than 10% of the value of the issuers outstanding securities. A REIT is permitted to own securities of a subsidiary in an amount that exceeds the 5% value test and the 10% vote or value test if the subsidiary elects to be a taxable REIT subsidiary which is taxable as a corporation. However, a REIT may not own securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries that represent in the aggregate more than 20% of the value of the REITs total assets.
Our taxable REIT subsidiaries are subject to special rules that may result in increased taxes. Several Internal Revenue Code provisions ensure that a taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to an appropriate level of federal income taxation. For example, a taxable REIT subsidiary is limited in its ability to deduct interest payments made to an affiliated REIT. In addition, the REIT has to pay a 100% penalty tax on some payments that it receives if the economic arrangements between the REIT and the taxable REIT subsidiary are not comparable to similar arrangements between unrelated parties.
We may be required to pay a penalty tax upon the sale of a hotel. The Federal income tax provisions applicable to REITs provide that any gain realized by a REIT on the sale of property held as inventory or other property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business is treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax. Under existing law, whether property, including hotels, is held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business is a question of fact that depends upon all of the facts and circumstances with respect to the particular transaction. The operating partnership intends that it and its subsidiaries will hold the hotels for investment with a view to long-term appreciation, to engage in the business of acquiring and owning hotels and to make occasional sales of hotels as are consistent with the operating partnerships investment objectives. We cannot assure you, however, that the IRS might not contend that one or more of these sales is subject to the 100% penalty tax.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
We believe all of the lawsuits in which we are a defendant, including the following lawsuits, are without merit and we intend to defend vigorously against such claims; however, no assurance can be given as to the outcome of any of the lawsuits.
Marriott Hotel Properties II Limited Partnership (MHP II). Limited partners of MHP II filed putative class action lawsuits in Palm Beach County Circuit Court on May 10, 1996, Leonard Rosenblum, as Trustee of the Sylvia Bernice Rosenblum Trust, et. Al. v. Marriott MHP Two Corporation, et. Al., Case No. CL-96-4087-AD, and, in the Delaware Court of Chancery on April 24, 1996, Cary W. Salter, Jr., et. Al. v. MHP II Acquisition Corp., et. Al., respectively, against Host REIT and certain of its affiliates alleging that the defendants violated their fiduciary duties and engaged in fraud and coercion in connection with the 1996 tender offer for MHP II units and our acquisition of MHP II during the REIT conversion.
In the Florida case, the defendants removed the case to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida and, after hearings on various procedural motions, the District Court remanded the case to state court on July 25, 1998.
In the Delaware case, the Delaware Court of Chancery initially granted the plaintiffs motion to voluntarily dismiss the case with the proviso that the plaintiffs could refile in the aforementioned action in federal court in Florida. After the District Courts remand of the Florida action back to Florida state court, two of the three original Delaware plaintiffs asked the Court of Chancery to reconsider its order granting their voluntary dismissal. The Court of Chancery refused to allow the plaintiffs to join the Florida action and, instead, reinstated the Delaware case, now styled In Re Marriott Hotel Properties II Limited Partnership Unitholders Litigation, Consolidated Civil Action No. 14961. On January 29, 1999, Cary W. Salter, one of the original plaintiffs, alone filed an Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint in the Delaware action. On January 24, 2000, the Delaware Court of Chancery issued a memorandum opinion in which the court dismissed all but one of the plaintiffs claims, which remaining claim concerns the adequacy of disclosure during the initial tender offer. On October 22, 2001, we entered into a settlement agreement with respect to the two above-referenced cases. At a fairness hearing held on February 22, 2002, the Florida court gave final approval to the settlement. The Court of Chancery subsequently dismissed the Delaware case.
A subsequent lawsuit, Accelerated High Yield Growth Fund, Ltd., et al. v. HMC Hotel Properties II Limited Partnership, et. Al.,C.A. No. 18254NC, was filed on August 23, 2000 in the Delaware Court of Chancery by the MacKenzie Patterson group of funds, one of the three original Delaware plaintiffs, against Host REIT and certain of its affiliates alleging breach of contract, fraud and coercion in connection with the acquisition of MHP II during the 1998 REIT conversion. The plaintiffs allege that our acquisition of MHP II by merger in connection with the REIT conversion violated the partnership agreement and that our subsidiary acting as the general partner of MHP II breached its fiduciary duties by allowing the merger to occur. The settlement referenced above resolves all claims of MHP IIs limited partners against Host REIT and its affiliates with the exception of the claims of the MacKenzie Patterson group. The MacKenzie Patterson group elected to opt out of the settlement class with respect to its 28 limited partner units. Discovery is proceeding in this case.
Mutual Benefit Chicago Marriott Suite Hotel Partners, L.P. (OHare Suites). On October 5, 2000, Joseph S. Roth and Robert M. Niedelman, limited partners in OHare Suites, filed a putative class action lawsuit, Joseph S. Roth, et al., v. MOHS Corporation, et al., Case No. 00CH14500, in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division, against Host REIT, Host LP, Marriott International, and MOHS Corporation, a subsidiary of Host LP and a former general partner of OHare Suites. The plaintiffs allege that an improper calculation of the hotel managers incentive management fees resulted in inappropriate payments in 1997 and 1998, and, consequently, in an inadequate appraised value for their limited partner units in connection with the acquisition of OHare Suites during the REIT conversion. The plaintiffs are seeking damages of approximately $13 million. We are currently seeking a denial of class certification and we intend to challenge the adequacy of the proposed class representatives.
Item 4. Submission of matters to a vote of security holders
None
EXECUTIVE AND CORPORATE OFFICERS
In the following table we set forth certain information regarding those persons currently serving as our executive and corporate officers as of March 1, 2003.
Name and Title
Age
Business Experience Prior to Becoming an
Executive or Corporate Officer of the Company
Richard E. Marriott
Chairman of the Board
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Richard E. Marriott joined our company in 1965 and has served in various executive capacities. In 1979, Mr. Marriott was elected to the Board of Directors. In 1984, he was elected Executive Vice President, and in 1986, he was elected Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors. In 1993, Mr. Marriott was elected Chairman of the Board.
Christopher J. Nassetta
President and ChiefExecutive Officer
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Christopher J. Nassetta joined our company in October 1995 as Executive Vice President and was elected our Chief Operating Officer in 1997. In May 2000, Mr. Nassetta became our President and Chief Executive Officer. Prior to joining us, Mr. Nassetta served as President of Bailey Realty Corporation from 1991 until 1995. He had previously served as Chief Development Officer and in various other positions with The Oliver Carr Company from 1984 through 1991.
W. Edward Walter
Executive Vice Presidentand Chief FinancialOfficer
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W. Edward Walter joined our company in 1996 as Senior Vice President for Acquisitions, and was elected Treasurer in 1998, Executive Vice President in 2000, Chief Operating Officer in 2001 and Chief Financial Officer in 2003. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Walter was a partner with Trammell Crow Residential Company and the President of Bailey Capital Corporation, a real estate firm that focused on tax-exempt real estate investments.
James F. Risoleo
Executive Vice President,Acquisitions and Development
James F. Risoleo joined our company in 1996 as Senior Vice President for Acquisitions, and he was elected Executive Vice President in 2000. He is responsible for our development, acquisition and disposition activities. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Risoleo served as Vice President of Development for Interstate Hotels Corporation, then the nations largest independent hotel management company. Before joining Interstate, he was Senior Vice President at Westinghouse Financial Services.
Robert E. Parsons, Jr.
Executive Vice President of Special Projects
Robert E. Parsons, Jr. joined our Corporate Financial Planning staff in 1981 and was made Assistant Treasurer in 1988. In 1993, Mr. Parsons was elected our Senior Vice President and Treasurer, and in 1995, he was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. On February 6, 2003, Mr. Parsons stepped down as Chief Financial Officer and will serve as Executive Vice President of Special Projects until his departure from Host Marriott in the second quarter of 2003.
Elizabeth A. Abdoo
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
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Elizabeth A. Abdoo joined our company in June 2001 as Senior Vice President and General Counsel and became Executive Vice President in February 2003. She was elected Corporate Secretary in August 2001. Prior to joining our company, Ms. Abdoo served as Senior Vice President and Assistant General Counsel of Orbital Sciences Corporation from January 2000 to May 2001 and prior to that as Vice President and Assistant General Counsel since 1996.
Richard A. Burton
Senior Vice President, Taxes andGeneral Tax Counsel
Richard A. Burton joined our company in 1996 as Senior Vice President-Taxes and General Tax Counsel. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Burton was Senior Tax Counsel at Mobil Oil Corporation, and prior to that was with the law firm of Sutherland, Asbill & Brennan.
John A. Carnella
Senior Vice President and Treasurer
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John A. Carnella joined our company in 1997 as Senior Vice President for Acquisitions. In 1998, he moved to our Treasury Department and was elected Treasurer in 2001. Prior to joining Host Marriott, Mr. Carnella was an investment banker with Lazard Freres & Co. and, most recently, he served as a Senior Vice President with the investment banking division of National Westminster Bank.
Larry K. Harvey
Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller
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Larry K. Harvey joined our company in February 2003 as Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller. Prior to joining Host Marriott, Mr. Harvey served as Chief Financial Officer of Barceló Crestline Corporation, formerly Crestline Capital Corporation, and in various other positions with Crestline from January 1999 to January 2003. From May of 1994 through December of 1998, he served in various accounting positions at Host Marriott Corporation and was the Vice President, Corporate Accounting prior to the spin-off of Crestline.
Pamela K. Wagoner
Senior Vice President, Human Resources and Leadership Development
Pamela K. Wagoner joined our company in October 2001 as Vice President for Human Resources and became Senior Vice President in February 2003. Prior to joining our company, Ms. Wagoner served as Vice President of Human Resources at SAVVIS Communications. From 1998 through August 2000, Ms. Wagoner was Director of Human Resources at Lucent Technologies, Inc. and prior to that was Director of Human Resources at Yurie Systems Inc., since 1996, which was acquired by Lucent.
PART II
Item 5. Market for our common stock and related shareholder matters
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Pacific Stock Exchange and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and is traded under the symbol HMT. The following table sets forth, for the fiscal periods indicated, the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape.
High
Low
1st Quarter
13.75
11.82
2nd Quarter
13.89
11.45
3rd Quarter
13.48
12.15
4th Quarter
11.76
6.45
12.05
9.20
11.10
11.60
9.05
10.02
7.75
We have not declared dividends on our common stock during 2002 or for the fourth quarter of 2001. We did pay dividends for the first three quarters of 2001 on our common shares totaling $0.78 per share. See Management Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial ConditionOverview.
Under the terms of our senior notes indenture and the credit facility, our ability to pay dividends and make other payments is dependent on our ability to satisfy certain financial requirements, including an EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio of at least 2.0 to 1.0. Since the beginning of the third quarter of 2002, we have not met this EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio. As a result, we are permitted to declare and pay dividends on common and preferred shares only to the extent necessary to maintain our status as a REIT. See Risk FactorsFinancial RisksOur future cash distributions on common stock may be limited by the terms of our indebtedness and the terms of our preferred stock.
As of March 1, 2003, there were 28,833 holders of record of our common stock and 2,585 holders of OP Units, each of which is redeemable for cash, or, at our election, convertible into common stock. However, because many of the shares of our common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we believe that there are considerably more beneficial holders of our common stock than record holders.
Our ability to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code is facilitated by limiting the number of shares of our stock that a person may own. Our Articles of Incorporation provide that, subject to limited exceptions, no person or persons acting as a group may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, more than 9.8% of the lesser of the number or value of shares of common stock outstanding or 9.8% of the lesser of the number or value of the issued and outstanding preferred or other shares of any class or series of our stock. The Board of Directors has the authority to increase the ownership limit from time to time, but does not have the authority to do so to the extent that after giving effect to such increase, five beneficial owners of capital stock could beneficially own in the aggregate more than 49.5% of the outstanding capital stock. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Stock OwnershipThere are possible adverse consequences of limits on ownership of our common stock.
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following table presents certain selected historical financial data of us and our predecessor, which has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements for the five years ended December 31, 2002.
The historical information contained in the following table for our 2002, 2001 and 1998 operations primarily represents gross hotel-level revenues and expenses of our properties. During 1999 and 2000, we owned the hotels but leased them to third-party lessees and, accordingly, during these periods our historical revenues primarily represent rental income generated by our leases. For a comparison of hotel level sales for fiscal years 2000 and 2001, please see the tables presenting comparable periods in our Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial ConditionResults of Operations.
Fiscal Year
1999
1998(1)(2)
(in millions, except per share data)
Income Statement Data:
Revenues (3)
3,680
3,767
1,407
1,303
3,450
Income (loss) from continuing operations (4)
(29
56
161
195
Income (loss) before extraordinary items
(22
53
159
196
Net income (loss) (5)
(16
51
156
211
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders
141
216
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations
(.24
.10
.66
.89
.90
(.21
.09
.65
.88
Net income (loss)
(.19
.08
.64
.95
.22
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
.87
.85
.63
.92
.27
Cash dividends per common share
.78
.91
.84
1.00
Balance Sheet Data:
Total assets
8,316
8,338
8,396
8,202
8,268
Debt
5,638
5,602
5,322
5,069
5,131
Convertible Preferred Securities
475
497
550
Preferred stock
339
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Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and the other financial information included elsewhere in this report. This discussion includes forward-looking statements about our business and operations. Our actual results could differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements and as a result of the factors we describe under Risk Factors and elsewhere in this report.
Overview
Host Marriott Corporation, a Maryland corporation, is the owner of 122 hotel properties, which operate primarily in the luxury and upper-upscale hotel segments. We conduct our operations as an umbrella partnership REIT through our direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Host Marriott, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership of which we are the sole general partner and hold approximately 90% of the partnership interests. As of February 2003, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trust ranks us as the largest lodging REIT.
Our hotels are operated under brand names that are among the most respected and widely recognized in the lodging industryincluding Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, Hilton and Hyatt. Our properties are located in central business districts of major cities, near airports and in resort/convention locations. Our portfolio depends on revenue from large and small group business, business travel, as well as leisure and discount travelers. The target profile of our portfolio includes upper-upscale and luxury properties in hard to duplicate locations that may allow us to maintain room rate and occupancy premiums over our competitors. We seek to maximize the value of our portfolio through aggressive asset management, by directing the managers of our hotels to reduce operating costs and increase revenues and by completing selective capital improvements.
Our hotel sales traditionally experienced moderate seasonality. Additionally, hotel revenues in the fourth quarter typically reflect a greater proportion of our annual revenues than each of the prior quarters because our fourth quarter reflects sixteen weeks of results compared to twelve weeks for the first three quarters of the fiscal year. See Business and PropertiesSeasonality.
Our results of operations primarily represent hotel level sales, which are room, food and beverage and other ancillary income such as telephone, parking and other guest services. Operating expenses consist of the costs to provide these services as well as depreciation, management fees, real and personal property taxes, ground rent, equipment rent, property insurance, income taxes of our consolidated taxable REIT subsidiaries and other costs.
The operating environment during 2002 presented many challenges and was influenced significantly by reduced airline travel, weak economic conditions and general international unrest as a result of the threat of further terrorist activity and the potential for war in the Middle East. As a result, the lodging industry and our company experienced significant declines in revenues and operating profits because of reduced demand and rising operating expenses, including increased insurance costs. We expect these conditions to persist into 2003. We are expecting RevPAR in 2003 to be generally comparable to 2002 levels or modestly lower, though RevPAR is likely to decline in the first half of 2003. We also expect continuing pressure on operating margins as we expect that certain important components of our operating costs, such as wages, benefits and insurance, will increase at a rate greater than estimated inflation in 2003. Thus, operating profits and margins for 2003 will likely be below 2002 levels, especially if economic conditions do not improve.
We have a significant fixed-cost component and expenses associated with owning and operating hotels, which do not necessarily decrease when circumstances such as market factors cause a reduction in revenue for the property. As a result, changes in RevPAR can result in a greater percentage change in our earnings and cash flows. In response to the decline in the operations of our hotels in 2002 and 2001, we have been working with our hotel managers to achieve cost reductions at the properties, and we believe that these efforts have slowed the decrease in our operating margins. Although some of these cost savings may not be permanent, we believe that
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we have achieved some meaningful long-term efficiencies. In the future, margin improvement will generally be dependent upon revenue growth as additional cost reductions may be difficult to obtain and, as noted above, we expect that certain of our costs will increase at a rate greater than inflation in 2003.
As of December 31, 2002, we were under the 2.0 to 1.0 EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio required under the senior notes indenture. As a result, dividends on both common and preferred shares were restricted to the minimum amount of distributions required to maintain our REIT status. Required distributions for 2002 were satisfied in part by payment of dividends on the preferred shares in 2002. We believe that the remaining 2002 distribution requirement should largely be satisfied by the payment of dividends expected to be declared on preferred shares in the first, second and third quarters of 2003. We may, however, also need to pay a nominal common dividend in 2003 to the extent necessary to satisfy any remaining 2002 distribution requirement. The payment of any additional dividends on either common or preferred shares will depend on 2003 operating performance and its impact on taxable income and whether our EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio is at least 2.0 to 1.0 coverage for 2003.
Results of Operations
Beginning January 1, 2001, we reported gross property level sales from the majority of our hotels, and our expenses included all property level costs including depreciation, management fees, real and personal property taxes, ground rent, equipment rent, property insurance and other costs. Our revenues for 2000 represent rental income on leases of our hotels. Expenses during 2000 represent specific owner costs, including real estate and property taxes, property insurance and ground and equipment rent. As a result, our 2002 and 2001 results are not comparable to the historical reported amounts for 2000.
2002 Compared to 2001
Revenues. Hotel sales declined $50 million, or 1.4%, to approximately $3,579 million for 2002 from $3,629 million in 2001. The $50 million decrease in hotel sales for 2002 primarily reflects the decrease in RevPAR for our properties of 4.9% to $100.74. While the decrease in RevPAR is due in part to the reduction in business and leisure travel, it is also the result of the change in business mix at our properties. Transient business, which includes the corporate and premium business segments, which generally pay the highest average room rates, has decreased by over 3% since 2000 as a percentage of room sales. Our managers have partially offset this decline with additional group and contract business and other segments that have lower average room rates. As a result, while occupancy has increased slightly, the average room rate has declined significantly. We believe these trends will continue to affect our operations until the economy strengthens and business travel increases.
Rental income decreased $35 million, or 25.7%, to $101 million for 2002 from $136 million in 2001. Rental income for 2002 and 2001 includes: 1) lease income from our limited service hotel leases of $71 million and $77 million, respectively, 2) lease income from full-service hotel leases of $24 million and $53 million, respectively, and 3) office space rental income of $6 million for both years. We repurchased the lessee entities with respect to four of the remaining five full-service hotels leased to third parties effective June 16, 2001 and terminated those leases for financial reporting purposes. As a result, we currently record rental income with respect to only one full-service hotel.
Operating Costs and Expenses. Operating costs and expenses decreased $20 million, or .6%, to $3,214 million in 2002 compared to 2001. This decrease is primarily the result of our efforts and those of our managers to control operating costs at the hotels and the overall decline in occupancy. However, overall our comparable hotel operating profit margin decreased 1.8 percentage points. Rental expense during 2002 and 2001 for our limited service hotel leases was $70 million and $71 million, respectively, and office space expense was $3 million for both periods. These expenses are included in other property-level expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. As previously discussed, we believe that operating margins will likely decline in 2003 as a result of total costs increasing at a rate greater than total revenues. In particular, we expect that costs such as wages, benefits and insurance will increase at a rate greater than inflation.
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Corporate Expenses. Corporate expenses decreased by $2 million, or 6.3%, to $30 million in 2002 compared to 2001. The decrease in expenses was principally due to a decrease in stock-based compensation.
We have stock-based compensation plans under which we may award to participating employees options to purchase shares of our common stock, deferred shares of our common stock or restricted shares of our common stock as well as an employee stock purchase plan. The restricted shares issued to certain officers and key executives vest over a three-year period in annual installments based on continued employment and the attainment of performance criteria established by our Compensation Policy Committee. These shares are subject to market adjustments that result in compensation expense (benefit) on a quarterly basis. As a result of the decline in our stock price and our operations in 2002, certain performance thresholds were not met, and a portion of these shares previously granted were forfeited, resulting in the reversal of expense previously recognized and a reduction in 2002 overall expenses.
Minority Interest Expense. For 2002 and 2001, we recognized minority interest expense of $7 million and $23 million, respectively. The variance is primarily due to the decline in our results of operations over the course of 2002.
Discontinued Operations. During January 2002, we transferred the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion to the mortgage lender in a non-cash transaction. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, which we adopted January 1, 2002, we classified the hotels operating results as discontinued operations in all periods presented. As a result, at December 31, 2002 and 2001, we recorded income, net of taxes, of $7 million and a loss of $3 million, respectively, as discontinued operations.
Extraordinary Gain. During 2002, we recorded an extraordinary gain, net of tax, of $6 million, representing the extinguishment of debt on the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion. During 2001, we recorded an extraordinary loss, net of tax, of $2 million representing the write-off of deferred financing costs and certain fees paid to our lender in connection with renegotiations of the credit facility, as well as the refinancing of the mortgage debt on our Canadian properties.
2001 Compared to 2000
Revenues. As discussed above, our revenues and operating profit for 2001 are not comparable to 2000, due to our acquisition of the lessee entities by our wholly owned taxable REIT subsidiary. The table below presents gross hotel sales for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000. For 2000, gross hotel sales were used as the basis for calculating rental income. The data is presented in order to facilitate an investors understanding and comparative analysis of the operations of our properties and does not represent our revenues for these periods.
Year Ended
December 31, 2001
December 31, 2000
(in millions)
2,550
2,877
1,173
1,309
306
323
Total hotel sales
4,029
4,509
The $480 million decrease in hotel sales for 2001 primarily reflects the decrease in RevPAR for our properties of 13.7% to $105.96. Room sales also declined as a result of the loss of sales from the New York Marriott World Trade Center and the New York Marriott Financial Center due to the terrorist acts of September 11, 2001. The declines were partially offset by incremental revenues provided by the 500-room
expansion at the Orlando Marriott, which was placed in service in June 2000, and the addition of three hotels as a result of our consolidation of Rockledge Hotel Properties, Inc. (Rockledge) and Fernwood Hotel Assets, Inc. (Fernwood) as of March 24, 2001.
The decline in RevPAR during 2001 was generally due to a decrease in occupancy of 7.7 percentage points and a 4.1% decrease in room rates for the year. As a result of decreased hotel sales, we directed our managers to implement cost cutting measures and revenue enhancement programs at the property level during the second quarter in order to stabilize operating profit margins. These measures included increasing labor efficiency, particularly at the managerial level and in the food and beverage area at the hotels, reducing discretionary expenses in rooms, food and beverage, and repairs and maintenance and reducing energy consumption. While we believe these measures were moderately successful, profit margins on our portfolio of hotels still decreased 3.0 percentage points for 2001.
Corporate Expenses. Corporate expenses decreased by $10 million, or 24%, as a result of corporate cost cutting during 2001 and a decrease of $6 million in compensation expense related to employee stock plans.
Lease Repurchase Expense. In connection with the definitive agreement with Crestline in November 2000 for the purchase of the leasehold interests with respect to 116 hotels, we recorded a nonrecurring loss provision of $207 million. In 2001, as a result of the purchase of four additional leasehold interests, we recognized a loss of $5 million.
Minority Interest Expense. For 2001 and 2000, we recognized minority interest expense of $23 million and $72 million, respectively. The variance is primarily due to the decrease in the minority interest ownership of the operating partnership from 22% at December 31, 2000 to 8% at December 31, 2001. The decline is also a reflection of the decrease in our results of operations.
Equity in Earnings of Affiliates. Equity in earnings of affiliates decreased $24 million, or 89%, to $3 million for 2001. The decrease is principally due to the acquisition and consolidation of Rockledge and Fernwood on March 24, 2001.
Provision for Income Taxes. For the year ended December 31, 2001, we recorded an income tax provision of $9 million, a change of $107 million, from the $98 million income tax benefit in 2000. The change is primarily due to the $82 million benefit taken during 2000 due to the recognition of the income tax asset as a result of the purchase of the leasehold interests with respect to 116 hotels. Also, during 2001 and 2000, we favorably resolved certain tax matters and recognized $16 million and $32 million, respectively, related thereto as a benefit to our tax provision.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of cash are cash from operations, the sale of assets, borrowings under our credit facility and our ability to obtain additional financing through various financial markets. Our principal uses of cash are for payments of debt, capital expenditures, asset acquisitions, operating costs, corporate expenses and distributions to our equity holders and minority owners of the operating partnership. We believe our sources of cash will be sufficient to meet our current liquidity needs.
As of December 31, 2002, we had $361 million of cash and cash equivalents, which was an increase of $9 million over our December 31, 2001 balance. In addition, we have $133 million of restricted cash as a result of lender and management agreement restrictions. Additionally, approximately $171 million of our available cash and cash equivalents is held by our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries. The distribution of this cash to the operating partnership could, under certain circumstances, increase our current or future income tax expense and/or the amounts we are required to distribute to maintain our status as a REIT.
On July 25, 2002, we completed the renegotiation of the management and other agreements on 102 of our Marriott and RitzCarlton branded hotels, providing us with expanded approval rights over operating and capital budgets. In addition to these modifications, we expanded the pool of hotels subject to an existing agreement that allows us to sell assets unencumbered by a Marriott management agreement without the payment of termination fees. The revised pool includes 46 assets, 75% (measured by EBITDA) of which may be sold over approximately a ten-year or greater period (and 22.5% (measured by EBITDA) of which may be sold unencumbered by the Marriott brand). These changes were effective as of December 29, 2001. We have also completed the renegotiation of the management agreements on our four Swissôtel management contracts, and have the ability to terminate two management agreements immediately and the remaining two over the next five years. We believe that the modifications to the Swissôtel agreements together with our revised agreements with Marriott International will enhance our ability to dispose of our non-core assets more efficiently.
As part of the renegotiation with Marriott International, we also reduced the amount of working capital required and expanded an existing agreement that allowed us to fund furniture, fixtures and equipment expenditures as incurred from one account that we control rather than depositing funds into individual escrow accounts for each hotel. As a result, an additional $125 million in cash became available for our general use effective July 25, 2002. At that time, approximately $75 million of funds returned to us were previously held in furniture, fixtures and equipment escrows to fund capital expenditures. While we continue to be obligated to fund capital expenditures as such expenditures are approved by us, this modification has enabled us to use the available funds for general corporate purposes.
We will continue to maintain higher than normal cash balances in 2003 because we believe that the war in Iraq could adversely affect the economy and in particular the lodging industry, which would result in further decline in our operations. We believe that increased operating performance levels, specifically increased levels of business travel demand, would signal an opportunity to lower our cash balances through debt prepayments or asset acquisitions. While we currently have $300 million of availability under our credit facility and have no amounts outstanding thereunder, our forecast of operations indicates that we may fail to meet certain maintenance covenants for the credit facility during the second quarter of 2003. As a result, we expect to modify our financial covenants in the credit facility.
Approximately $116 million of our mortgage debt matures, and $102 million of regularly scheduled amortization on our mortgage debt occurs, prior to 2005. We have no other significant refinancing requirements until 2005.
We remain interested in pursuing single asset and portfolio acquisitions and have discussed the possibility of these transactions with several interested parties. We believe there will be opportunities over the next several years to acquire assets that are consistent with our target profile of upper-upscale and luxury properties in hard to duplicate urban, convention and resort locations. However, we cannot be certain as to the size or timing of acquisition opportunities or of our ability to obtain transaction financing.
We will continue to pursue opportunities to dispose of non-core assets that are not consistent with our portfolio strategy. During 2003, we expect to continue to have discussions with potential buyers for certain of our non-core hotels. We believe that, if consummated, sales of non-core properties transactions could result in net proceeds of between $100 million to $250 million. We intend to use the proceeds from dispositions to repay debt, though we could also elect to invest in our current portfolio or to acquire additional hotels. However, there can be no assurance that these dispositions will occur.
Cash provided by Operations. During 2002, our cash provided by operations increased by $91 million when compared to 2001. The increase over the prior year is partly due to an agreement we negotiated with Marriott International under which $50 million in cash became available to us because of a reduction in working capital requirements under our revised management agreements and the use of $208 million of operating cash in 2001 for the purchase of the lessee interests previously leased to Crestline. The overall increase in cash provided by operations was partially offset by the declining operating results at the hotels during 2002.
Cash used in Investing Activities. Based on our assessment of the current operating environment and to conserve capital, we continued our disciplined approach to capital expenditures during 2002. As a result, renewal and replacement capital expenditures at our properties have decreased by approximately $60 million, or 29%, when compared to the same period in 2001. Despite these decreases, we have focused on property maintenance and selected improvements designed to maintain appropriate levels of quality. As a result of the changes in our agreements with Marriott International, approximately $75 million of funds previously held in escrow accounts for capital expenditures at certain properties has been returned to us. On June 14, 2002, we acquired the Boston Marriott Copley Place in Boston, Massachusetts for a purchase price of $214 million, which included the assumption of $97 million of mortgage debt.
We completed the sale of the Ontario Airport Marriott on January 24, 2003 for $26 million to the Westbrook Fund IV Acquisitions, LLC. We used the proceeds of this sale to retire certain of our debt.
The following table summarizes significant investing activities which were completed during the first quarter of 2003 and for the years 2002 and 2001 (in millions):
Transaction
Date
Description of Transaction
Sale/(Investment)
Price
January
Sale of Ontario Airport Marriott
June
Purchase of the 1,139-room Boston Marriott Copley Place
(214
Development of the 295-room Golf Lodge at The Ritz-Carlton, Naples
(75
December
Sale of Vail Marriott Mountain Resort and the Pittsburgh City Center
65
Addition of a spa facility at the Marriott Harbor Beach Resort
(8
Purchase of minority ownership interest(1)
(60
April
Addition of a spa facility at The Ritz-Carlton, Naples
(26
March
Purchase of 100% of the voting interest in Rockledge and Fernwood(2)
(2
Cash used in Financing Activities. During 2002, the cash used in financing activities primarily consisted of principal repayments on debt of $63 million and preferred stock dividend payments of $35 million. On December 20, 2002, we announced that our Board of Directors had declared a dividend of $0.625 per share of preferred stock, which was paid on January 15, 2003 to shareholders of record on December 31, 2002. We did not declare a dividend on our common stock during 2002.
We are aware that certain of our outstanding senior notes are currently trading at a discount to their respective face amounts. To reduce future cash interest payments, as well as future amounts due at maturity or upon redemption, we may from time to time purchase senior notes for cash through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or by conducting a tender offer. Our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $150 million of our senior notes from the proceeds of any dispositions. Repurchases of debt, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. During March 2003, we purchased $8 million of our 9.25% senior notes at par.
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The following table summarizes significant financing activity, except for the credit facility, payment of dividends, and non-cash equity transactions (all of which are discussed below), during the first quarter of 2003 and for the years 2002, 2001 and (in millions):
Transaction amount
Retired a portion of 9.25% senior notes in 2007
Partial prepayment of Ritz-Carlton, Naples and Buckhead mortgage loan
(17
September
Retired 9.5% senior notes due in 2005(1)
(13
Purchase of interest rate cap(2)
Issuance of Series H senior notes(3)
450
October
Retired San Antonio Marriott Riverwalk mortgage loan
August
Proceeds from the Canadian mortgage loan(4)
97
Retired Ritz-Carlton, Amelia Island mortgage loan(4)
(88
Issuance of Class C cumulative redeemable preferred stock(5)
143
Debt. As of December 31, 2002, our total consolidated debt was approximately $5.6 billion. We have $136 million in principal amortization and debt maturities due during 2003 and $2.4 billion in principal amortization and debt maturities due over the next five years. The weighted average interest rate of all our debt is approximately 7.9% and our current average maturity is 5.5 years. Additionally, 90% of our debt has a fixed rate of interest as of December 31, 2002. Over time, we expect to increase the proportion of floating rate debt in our capital structure to 20% to 25% of our total debt, although there can be no assurances that we will be able to achieve this result on terms acceptable to us. In December 2001, in order to take advantage of low, short-term interest rates, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement (described in Derivative Instruments) to convert the fixed rate of the Series H senior notes, which were subsequently exchanged into Series I senior notes, to a floating rate. In January 2002, we entered into a separate cap arrangement to limit our exposure to interest rate increases on this floating rate swap (described in Derivative Instruments). We continue to evaluate our mix of fixed rate and floating rate debt and, to the extent we deem it appropriate, we may enter into additional interest rate swap agreements related to some of our fixed rate debt.
In March 2003, we purchased $8 million of 9.25% senior notes due in 2007 at par and we immediately retired the notes. On January 30, 2003, we prepaid $17 million of mortgage debt related to two of our Ritz Carlton properties. On September 16, 2002, we called $13 million of 9.5% senior notes due in May 2005 at 101% of par. We immediately retired the notes and recorded an extraordinary loss of $150,000 on the early retirement of the debt, which is presented in the statement of operations, net of $6 million extraordinary gain on extinguishment of debt related to the transfer of the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion to the lender.
On June 6, 2002, we entered into a credit facility that provides an aggregate revolving loan commitment amount of up to $400 million ($300 million of which is available currently, with the balance becoming available to the extent that our leverage ratio meets a specified level.) The credit facility has an initial three-year term with an option to extend for an additional year if certain conditions are met. Interest on borrowings under the credit facility will be calculated based on a spread over LIBOR ranging from 2.50% to 3.75%. The rate will vary based
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on our leverage ratio. We are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee that will vary based on the amount of unused capacity under the credit facility. Currently, the commitment fee is .55% on an annual basis for available capacity and .10% on additional capacity. As of March 1, 2003, we have not drawn on the credit facility.
In addition to the customary affirmative and negative covenants and restrictions, the credit facility contains covenants that require us to maintain leverage ratios below specified levels as well as interest, fixed charges and unsecured interest coverage ratios above specified levels. While we are currently in compliance with these maintenance covenants, our current forecasts indicate that we may fail to meet certain of these ratios during the second quarter of 2003. As a result, we expect to modify the financial covenants in our credit facility. We do not have any amounts outstanding under the credit facility in advance of seeking a modification, and we believe that this will facilitate us in reaching an agreement with our lenders with regard to such a modification. There can be no assurances, however, that we will, in fact, reach such an agreement. In addition, any additional covenants could have an impact on our ability to conduct our operations.
Under the terms of the senior notes indenture and the credit facility, our ability to incur indebtedness is subject to restrictions and the satisfaction of various conditions, including an EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio of at least 2.0 to 1.0. Beginning in the third quarter of 2002, we have not met this interest coverage ratio incurrence test. As a result, our ability to incur indebtedness is limited to indebtedness specifically permitted under the credit facility and the senior notes indenture, such as borrowings under the credit facility and borrowings in connection with a refinancing of existing debt. Our failure to meet this interest coverage ratio also restricts our ability to pay dividends on our common and preferred equity, except to the extent necessary to maintain our status as a REIT. We are currently considering several options to improve our interest coverage. These options could include, among others, retiring existing debt, swapping certain of our fixed interest rate debt for lower floating interest rate debt or acquiring properties with low or no indebtedness. There can be no assurance that these options will be available to us, or if available, that these options would be economically justifiable to implement.
We have approximately $3.2 billion of senior notes outstanding that are currently rated by Moodys and Standard & Poors. As a result of the significantly reduced operating levels which followed the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the economic slowdown, the ratings on these senior notes and the senior notes issued by many other lodging companies were downgraded and placed on negative credit watch. On February 13, 2003, Standard and Poors downgraded its rating on our senior debt from BB- to B+. At the same time Standard & Poors also downgraded its rating on our preferred stock from B- to CCC+. The other rating agency affirmed our rating, but if operating results continue to decline, they will be more likely to downgrade their rating on our debt. While we have no significant senior note maturities until 2005, if operations were to decline further, or if our credit ratios do not otherwise improve, our senior notes could be downgraded further. If we were unable to subsequently improve our credit ratings, our cost to issue additional senior notes, to refinance this debt as it comes due or to issue additional preferred stock would likely increase.
All of our mortgage debt is recourse solely to specific assets except for fraud, misapplication of funds and other customary recourse provisions. We have thirty assets that are secured by mortgage debt. Twelve of these assets are secured by mortgage debt that contains restrictive covenants that require the mortgage servicer or lender to retain and hold in escrow the cash flow after debt service when it declines below specified operating levels. The impact of these covenants is discussed below.
Eight of our hotel properties secure a $609 million mortgage loan that is the sole asset of a trust that issued commercial mortgage pass-though certificates, which we refer to as the CMBS Loan. These hotels securing the CMBS Loan are the New York Marriott Marquis, the San Francisco Airport Hyatt Regency, the Cambridge Hyatt Regency, the Reston Hyatt Regency, and the Swissôtels in Boston, New York, Atlanta and Chicago, which we refer to as the CMBS Portfolio. The CMBS Loan contains a provision that requires the mortgage servicer to retain the excess cash from the CMBS Portfolio after payment of debt service if net cash flow after payment of taxes, insurance, ground rent and reserves for furniture, fixtures and equipment for the trailing twelve months
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declines below $96 million. Annual debt service is approximately $64 million. As a result of the effect on operations of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the economic slowdown, this provision was triggered beginning in the third quarter of 2002 and will remain in effect until the CMBS Portfolio generates the necessary minimum cash flow for two consecutive quarters, at which point, the cash that has been escrowed will be returned to us. As of December 31, 2002, approximately $10 million of cash has been escrowed. Additional amounts will be escrowed, and these amounts may be significant. There can be no assurance that the CMBS Portfolio will reach the minimum cash flow for the required period of time so that the cash will be released.
On July 12, 2002, we modified the terms of the mortgage debt secured by our four Canadian properties. Under the terms of this modification, we have agreed to escrow the excess cash flow from these hotels on a retroactive basis effective December 29, 2001. To the extent that cash flow available for debt service for the twelve months ended March 28, 2003 is insufficient to achieve a specified debt-service coverage level, some or all of the escrowed excess cash flow will be applied to the outstanding balance of this debt. Thereafter, excess cash flow will continue to be applied to the outstanding balance to the extent necessary to achieve the specified level of debt service coverage. As of December 31, 2002, approximately $7 million of cash is escrowed in connection with this provision. The majority of the balance will be applied to the outstanding balance of the indebtedness and the balance of the escrow will be released to us. Thereafter, we do not expect to be required to apply additional amounts of excess cash flow to the outstanding balance of the debt. However, if actual results fall short of the current forecast, additional amounts may be escrowed, which would result in additional principal repayments being made.
Derivative Instruments. Historically, our debt has primarily been fixed rate including all of our previous series of senior notes. We have increased the amount of our exposure to variable rate instruments with the issuance of our Series H senior notes, which were subsequently exchanged into Series I senior notes, by using a derivative product. On December 20, 2001, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement, maturing in January 2007. Under the swap, we receive fixed-rate payments at 9.5% and pay floating-rate payments based on one-month LIBOR plus 4.5% on a $450 million notional amount. On January 4, 2002, in a separate agreement with a different counterparty, we purchased an interest rate cap for $3 million with the same notional amount which caps the floating interest rate at 14%.
Our Canadian subsidiaries entered into financing agreements pursuant to which they borrowed $96.6 million due August 2006 at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 2.75%. Since the mortgage loan on these Canadian properties is denominated in U.S. Dollars and the functional currency of the Canadian subsidiary is the Canadian Dollar, we purchased derivative instruments for hedging of the foreign currency investment. Additionally, we purchased a separate interest rate cap relating to $48.3 million of the debt for approximately $400,000 which effectively capped the interest rate at 10.75%. See Item 7a., Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk, for additional information on these derivative instruments.
Lease Obligations
HPT Leases. Prior to 1997, we divested certain limited-service hotel properties through the sale and leaseback of 53 Courtyard by Marriott properties and 18 Residence Inn properties to Hospitality Properties Trust, or HPT. As part of the REIT conversion, the Courtyard and Residence Inn properties were subleased to subsidiaries of Crestline. The properties are managed by Marriott International under long-term management agreements. Rent payable by Crestline under the non-cancelable subleases consists of the minimum rent payable under the HPT leases plus an additional percentage rent based upon sales levels and is guaranteed by Crestline up to a maximum amount of $30 million.
Other Lease Activities. We have lease and sublease activity relating to our former restaurant operations for which we remain either directly or contingently liable. As of December 31, 2002, the expected sublease rental income for the restaurant operations exceeded our lease liability. For a more detailed discussion of our lease obligations, see Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements.
Contractual Obligations
The table below summarizes our obligations for principal payments on our debt and future minimum lease payments on our operating and capital leases (in millions):
Payments due by period
Total
Less than 1 year
1-3 years
3-5 years
More than 5 years
Long-Term Debt Obligations(1)
5,625
136
642
1,645
3,202
Capital Lease Obligations(2)
Operating Lease Obligations(3)
2,030
110
208
1,517
7,671
860
1,841
4,719
Investments in Affiliates
We own certain investments which we do not consolidate and, accordingly, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting in accordance with our accounting policies as described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. We have included the table below and the following discussion to provide investors with additional information on these investments. Investments in affiliates consist of the following as of December 31, 2002:
Ownership Interests
Investment
Assets
CBM Joint Venture LLC
76
911
120 Courtyard hotels
JWDC Limited Partnership
55
95
JW Marriott, Washington, D.C.
Tiburon Golf Ventures, L.P.
49
36-hole golf course
133
1,006
One of our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries continues to own a 50% interest in a joint venture with Marriott International that owns, through two limited partnerships, 120 Courtyard by Marriott properties totaling approximately 17,550 rooms. The joint venture, CBM Joint Venture LLC, had approximately $911 million of debt at December 31, 2002. This debt is comprised of first mortgage loans secured by the properties owned by each of the two partnerships, senior notes secured by the ownership interest in one partnership and mezzanine debt with a face amount of $200 million. Amortization for the mortgage debt was approximately $30 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. The mezzanine debt is an obligation of the joint venture and was provided by an affiliate of Marriott International. All of the debt is non-recourse to, and not guaranteed by, us or any of our subsidiaries.
RevPAR at the Courtyard hotels declined 9.9% in 2002. Based on our current forecasts for 2003, we expect that these hotels will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to fund the respective debt service obligations of the two partnerships. However, because of seasonality issues, one of the partnerships is expected to make use of a senior note debt service reserve, as well as certain rights to require repayment to the partnership of certain expenses previously paid and subordination provisions for current payments in its ground leases and management agreements. In addition, we anticipate that the joint venture will defer interest payments on the mezzanine debt at least until the second half of 2003. Deferral of the interest payments due on the mezzanine debt is not a default.
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To the extent deferred, unpaid balances are added to principal and earn interest at 13%. As of December 31, 2002, the partnerships and the joint venture maintained aggregate cash balances of approximately $23 million.
We currently have a non-controlling investment in a partnership that owns the JW Marriott hotel in Washington, D.C. The partnership, JWDC Limited Partnership, is the borrower under a $95.3 million mortgage loan that matures in December 2003. The mortgage is secured by the hotel and is non-recourse to us. Between January 15, 2003 and June 30, 2003, Host LP has the option to purchase the 44.4% limited partner interest of one of the partners for the fair value of the interest (approximately $3 million). Host LP also has the option to purchase our co-general partners 1% general partner interest for the lesser of $375,000 or fair value of the interest in the second quarter of 2003. Absent other circumstances, we intend to exercise these rights and will begin to consolidate the partnership, at which time we will repay or refinance the mortgage loan.
We currently have a 49% interest in Tiburon Golf Ventures, L.P., which owns the 36-hole Greg Norman-designed golf course surrounding The Ritz-Carlton, Naples Golf Resort.
Also, during the third quarter of 2002, we converted our 1% general partnership interest in the Mutual Benefit Marriott Hotel Associates-I, Limited Partnership (a partnership that owned the Richmond Marriott hotel) to a 1% limited partnership interest in this partnership. Mutual Benefit Marriott Hotel Associates-I, Limited Partnership is a 5% owner of a partnership that owns the hotel.
We are currently a .1% general partner of Camelback Inn Associates Limited Partnership, which owns the Camelback Inn Marriott Resort, Golf Club and Spa. We do not have any guarantees or commitments in relation to this partnership, and all of the debt for this partnership is non-recourse to us.
We own minority interests in two partnerships. One owns the Budapest Marriott, and the other owns the Des Moines Marriott. We also own minority preferred shares in STSN, Inc., a technology service provider company. As a result of operating losses at these investments, we wrote the carrying value down to zero prior to January 1, 2000. Further, we have not received any distributions from these investments. We do not have any guarantees or commitments in relation to any of these interests. We do incur immaterial expenses related to these investments. If we are able to dispose of these investments, we will recognize a gain in an amount equal to the proceeds received.
During the second and third quarters of 2002, we sold our 1% general partner interests in the Marriott Residence Inn Limited Partnership and Marriott Residence Inn II Limited Partnership, which owned 15 and 23 Residence Inn properties, respectively.
For a more detailed discussion of our other real estate investments, which includes a summary of the outstanding debt balances of our affiliates, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.
Guarantees
We have certain guarantees, which consist of commitments we have made to third parties for leases or debt, that are not on our books due to various dispositions, spin-offs and contractual arrangements, but that we have agreed to pay in the event of certain circumstances including default by an unrelated party. We consider the likelihood of any material payments under these guarantees to be remote. The guarantees are listed below:
In connection with the sale of the El Paso Marriott hotel in 1999, we provided a guarantee to the City of El Paso in the event the purchaser, Columbia Sussex, defaults on bonds supported by the cash flows from the hotel. However, the purchaser also provided a standby letter of credit, a corporate guaranty and
46
has been making sinking fund deposits, all of which would serve as collateral to the extent our guarantee was called. Our guarantee supports the $14 million of bonds outstanding as of December 31, 2002. We have elected to exercise our right under the guarantee to require Columbia Sussex to retire the bonds prior to June 14, 2003. We are obligated to pay a 1%, or $140,000, prepayment penalty in connection with the early retirement of this debt at the time of such retirement.
Insurance
Insurance Recovery and Revenue Recognition for the Terrorist Acts. We are working closely with our insurance companies to resolve our claims related to the destruction of the Marriott World Trade Center and the damage to the New York Marriott Financial Center, including negotiating insurance payments for property damage, as well as business interruption. At the same time, we are working with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, or Port Authority, and the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation to determine how the World Trade Center site in New York will be redeveloped, though we anticipate that it will be several years before these issues are resolved. In accordance with accounting rules, we wrote off the $129 million net book value of the World Trade Center hotel in the fourth quarter of 2001 and recorded a corresponding receivable for property insurance proceeds due to us under the terms of our insurance contract.
Our property insurance policy covering the Marriott World Trade Center provides payment of full replacement costs to rebuild the hotel. We are required to rebuild the hotel under the terms of our ground lease with the Port Authority and are currently developing an estimate of the replacement cost of the hotel. Should the plan developed for the World Trade Center site not include a hotel, we have two options under our insurance policy: first would be to apply the replacement cost to acquiring or constructing a hotel at another location; second would be to accept a lesser amount as defined in the insurance policy and not be required to apply that amount toward the acquisition or development of a hotel. We have received minimal insurance proceeds for property damage at the Marriott World Trade Center and, to the extent that we receive additional funds, they will be held in escrow by a trustee until there is a final resolution on rebuilding.
We reopened the New York Marriott Financial Center on January 7, 2002. We have received a total of approximately $6 million in insurance proceeds for property damage to this hotel, which have been used to pay for building repairs.
We expect to continue to receive business interruption proceeds for what we believe our operating results would have been at the Marriott World Trade Center absent the terrorist attacks, although the timing of the receipt of some of these proceeds cannot be determined with certainty.
Since September 11, 2001, we have received $35 million in business interruption insurance with respect to the two hotels. These proceeds have been offset by $12.1 million of operating expenses for the same period, primarily representing net operating losses at the New York Marriott Financial Center, ground lease payments at the Marriott World Trade Center and severance and other payroll costs. As a result of the resolution of certain contingencies related to a portion of the insurance recoveries, we were able to recognize approximately
$17 million of income associated with business interruption insurance on these two properties during 2002, which is recorded in other hotel sales on the consolidated statements of operations.
Insurance Coverage. Certain of our lenders require us to obtain adequate or full replacement cost all-risk property insurance through insurers that maintain certain ratings from Standard & Poors, A.M. Best or other rating agencies. During the annual renewal of our property insurance policies, which was completed during the second quarter of 2002, our managers and/or brokers purchased the property insurance program that was commercially reasonable and available at that time. However, we were unable to obtain full and complete terrorism insurance coverage for all types of terrorist attacks, although the passage of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 significantly improved the levels and breadth of coverage available. Further, certain of our insurance carriers did not meet lender rating requirements at the time of the renewal. As a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the economic downturn and the potential for additional terrorist attacks, one of our major carriers on the Marriott International property program was downgraded by the rating agencies, thereby exacerbating the rating non-compliance issue. We have notified our lenders and they have waived the requirement or provided written assurances that they are satisfied with our insurance regarding compliance with these covenants, although the lenders have reserved the right to enforce coverage and ratings requirements at a later date. If we are required to obtain new or additional insurance, or if the lenders or servicers exercise their rights to purchase such coverage on our behalf and charge us for it, it is likely that the premiums will be higher and the increase in cost could be material. For further discussion see Risk FactorsRisks of OperationWe may be unable to satisfy the insurance requirements of our lenders given the changes in the insurance industry after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
Insurance Coverage on Mexican Properties. We carry comprehensive insurance coverage for general liability, property, business interruption and other risks with respect to all of our hotels and other properties. These policies offer coverage features and insured limits that we believe are customary for similar type properties. One of our properties, the Mexico City Marriott Airport hotel has experienced a measurable amount of settlement during the past several years. While settlement of buildings in the region of Mexico City where the hotel is located is common and widespread, our hotel has shown different degrees of settlement in different parts of the building. While we have commenced remediation activities at this hotel, there can be no assurance that such remediation will successfully correct the uneven settlement. If we are unable to correct the uneven settlement to the satisfaction of our insurers, any resulting property loss or loss of ability to use the hotel may not be covered by insurance. The net book value of the hotel was $35 million at December 31, 2002.
FFO and EBITDA
Set forth below are two non-GAAP financial measures that we use and that we believe are useful to investors: Comparative Funds From Operations (or FFO) Available to Common Stockholders, which we refer to as Comparative FFO, and Earnings Before Interest Expense, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization and other non-cash items, or EBITDA. Historical cost accounting for real estate assets implicitly assumes that the value of real estate assets diminish predictably over time. Since real estate values instead have historically risen or fallen with market conditions, most industry investors have considered presentation of operating results for real estate companies that use historical cost accounting to be misleading or uninformative. The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, adopted the definition of Funds From Operations, or FFO, in order to promote an industry-wide standard measure of REIT operating performance that would not have certain drawbacks associated with net income under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. Management believes that the presentation of Comparative FFO (defined below) provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition and results of operations because it is a measure of our ability to service debt, fund capital expenditures and expand our business.
However, Comparative FFO and EBITDA as presented may not be comparable to amounts calculated by other companies. This information should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating profit, cash from operations, or any other operating performance measure prescribed by GAAP. Cash expenditures for various long-term assets, interest expense (for EBITDA purposes only) and other items have been and will be incurred and are not reflected in the EBITDA and Comparative FFO presentations.
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Comparative FFO. NAREIT defines FFO as net income (computed in accordance with GAAP) excluding gains (or losses) from sales of real estate and real estate-related depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Comparative FFO consists of FFO adjusted for significant non-recurring items such as the tax benefit of the repurchase of the leasehold interests in 2000 and 2001 and tax refunds in 2002. We also adjust FFO to reflect the payment of our preferred dividends as these funds are not available to common shareholders, which is consistent with the calculation of net income available to common shareholders under GAAP.
EBITDA. Management believes that the presentation of EBITDA provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition and results of operations because EBITDA is useful for evaluating our capacity to incur and service debt, fund capital expenditures and to expand our business. Specifically, our lenders and rating agencies believe that EBITDA is a better measure of unleveraged cash flow that can be isolated by asset and is utilized to determine our ability to service debt. Restrictive covenants in our senior notes indenture and our credit facility each contain incurrence ratios based on EBITDA. Management also uses EBITDA as one measure in determining the value of acquisitions and dispositions.
As a result of the decline in operations, EBITDA decreased $43 million, or 4.7%, to $863 million in 2002 from $906 million in 2001. Comparative FFO available to common shareholders also decreased $70 million, or 18.9%, to $300 million in 2002 over 2001. The following is a reconciliation of income from continuing operations to EBITDA and Comparative FFO (in millions):
December 31, 2002
EBITDA from discontinued operations
Interest expense
458
Dividends on Convertible Preferred Securities
Depreciation and amortization
372
Minority interest expense
Income taxes
Equity in (earnings) losses of affiliates
Other changes, net
(10
EBITDA of Host LP
863
947
Distributions to minority interest partners of Host LP(1)
(41
EBITDA of Host Marriott
906
(466
(458
(32
Dividends on preferred stock
(35
(6
(9
Partnership adjustments and other
Adjustments for discontinued operations
Tax benefit of lease repurchase(2)
Tax effect of nonrecurring items(3)
(4
Comparative Funds From Operations of Host LP available to common unitholders
330
420
Comparative Funds From Operations of minority partners of Host LP(4)
(30
(50
Comparative Funds From Operations available to common shareholders of Host Marriott
Our interest coverage, defined as EBITDA divided by cash interest expense, was 1.9 times, 2.0 times and 2.4 times for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends was 1.1 to 1.0 and 1.2 to 1.0 in 2001 and 2000, respectively. In 2002, we had a deficiency of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends of $32 million, primarily due to depreciation expense. In accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission regulations, the ratio is calculated as the sum of pre-tax income from continuing operations before adjustments for minority interest and income (loss) from equity investments plus amortization of capitalized interest, distributions from equity investments and fixed charges less capitalized interest and dividends on preferred stock divided by fixed charges which is the sum of interest expensed and capitalized, dividends on Convertible Preferred Securities and preferred stock and the estimate of interest within rental expense. See Exhibit 12.1.
Inflation. Our properties have been impacted by inflation through its effect on increasing costs. Unlike other real estate, hotels have the ability to set rent (room rates) levels on a daily basis, so the impact of higher inflation often can be passed on to customers. However, the current weak economic environment has resulted in a decline in demand and has restricted our managers ability to raise room rates to offset rising costs.
Critical Accounting Policies. Our consolidated financial statements include accounts of the company and all consolidated subsidiaries. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. While we do not believe the reported amounts would be materially different, application of these policies involves the exercise of judgment and the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. All of our significant accounting policies are disclosed in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements. The following represent certain critical accounting policies that require the use of business judgment or significant estimates to be made:
Consolidation policies. Judgment is required with respect to the consolidation of partnership and joint venture entities in the evaluation of control, including assessment of the importance of rights and privileges of the partners based on voting rights, as well as financial interests that are not controllable
through voting interests. Currently, we have investments in entities that in the aggregate own 124 hotel properties and other investments which we record using the equity method of accounting. The debt on these investments is non-recourse to the company and the effect of their operations on our results of operations is not material. For further detail on our unconsolidated entities see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements.
New Accounting Standards. In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements. This interpretation requires an existing unconsolidated variable interest entity to be consolidated by their primary beneficiary if the entity does not effectively disperse risk among all parties involved or if other parties do not have significant capital to finance activities without subordinated financial support from the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party that absorbs a majority of the entitys expected losses, receives a majority of its expected residual returns, or both as a result of holding variable interests, which are the ownership, contractual, or other pecuniary interests in an entity. This interpretation is effective immediately for variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003 and no later than the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting period beginning after June 15, 2003 for interests in variable interest entities that were acquired prior to February 1, 2003. Absent other circumstances, we believe that this interpretation will require us to consolidate the JWDC Limited Partnership, which owns the JW Marriott hotel in Washington, D.C., during 2003. For more detail on our ownership interest in the JWDC Limited Partnership, see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements.
In November 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, an interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57 and 107 and rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34. This interpretation outlines disclosure requirements in a guarantors financial statements relating to any obligations under guarantees for which it may have potential risk or liability, as well as clarifies a guarantors requirement to recognize a liability for the fair value, at the inception of the guarantee, of an obligation under that guarantee. The initial recognition and measurement provisions of this interpretation are effective for guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002 and the disclosure requirements are effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. As of March 1, 2003, we have not provided any guarantees that would require recognition as liabilities under this interpretation. We have disclosed guarantees in accordance with this interpretation in this report on Form 10-K.
In June 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities. The standard requires the recognition of costs associated with exit or disposal activities when they are incurred rather than at the date of a commitment to an exit or disposal plan. This statement is effective for exit or disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. We do not expect the statement to have a significant impact on our financial position or operating results.
In April 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 145, Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections. The provisions of this standard, which primarily relate to the rescission of Statement 4, eliminate the requirement that gains and losses from the extinguishment of debt be classified as extraordinary items unless it can be considered unusual in nature and infrequent in occurrence. These provisions are effective in fiscal years beginning after May 15, 2002. We will implement the provisions of SFAS No. 145 beginning in fiscal year 2003. At the time of implementation, we will reclassify any gains or losses from debt extinguishments in prior periods as income (loss) from operations. We do not expect the statement to have a significant impact on our financial position or operating results.
In October 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets which replaces SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets to determine when a long-lived asset should be classified as held for sale, among other
things. Those criteria specify that the asset must be available for immediate sale in its present condition, subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets, and the sale of the asset must be probable, and its transfer expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale, within one year. This Statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. SFAS No. 144 requires that for dispositions after the Statements effective date, gains and losses from the dispositions of investment properties and the properties historical operating results will be treated as discontinued operations, and therefore, be classified separately from income from continuing operations. Prior period operating results of disposed assets previously included in continuing operations must be reclassified as discontinued operations for all periods presented, although net income is not affected. As a result of the transfer of the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion to the mortgage lender in 2002, we have restated the statement of operations for all periods presented to reflect the operations of the property as discontinued operations (See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements). We do not expect the statement to have a significant impact on our financial position or operating results.
Change in Accounting for Stock Options
At December 31, 2002, we have two stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements. Prior to 2002, we accounted for those plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations. No stock-based employee compensation cost relating to the employee stock option plan is reflected in 2001 and 2000 net income, as all options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. In addition, no stock-based employee compensation cost relating to the employee stock purchase plan is reflected in 2001 and 2000 net income as the plan was considered non-compensatory under APB 25. Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Boards SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, prospectively to all employee awards granted, modified or settled after January 1, 2002. Awards under our employee stock option plan generally vest over four years. Therefore, the cost related to stock-based employee compensation included in the determination of net income for 2002 is less than that which would have been recognized if the fair value based method had been applied to all awards since the original effective date of SFAS No. 123. The adoption of SFAS No. 123 did not change the calculation of stock-based employee compensation costs for shares granted under our deferred stock and restricted stock plans.
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Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Interest Rate Sensitivity
The table below provides information about our derivative financial instruments and other financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, including interest rate swaps and debt obligations. For debt obligations, the table presents scheduled maturities and related weighted average interest rates by expected maturity dates. For interest rate swaps, the table presents notional amounts and weighted average interest rates by expected (contractual) maturity dates. Weighted average interest rates are based on implied forward rates in the yield curve as of December 31, 2002. Notional amounts are used to calculate the contractual payments to be exchanged under the contract. Weighted average variable rates are presented in U.S. dollar equivalents, which is the companys reporting currency.
Expected Maturity Date
2004
2005
2006
2007
Thereafter
FairValue
($ in millions)
Liabilities
Debt:
Fixed Rate
135
81
558
647
3,215
5,542
5,624
Average interest rate
8.1
8.0
7.9
7.8
Variable Rate
Canadian mortgage
92
96
102
4.5
5.8
6.7
7.3
Total Debt
5,726
Interest Rate Derivatives
Interest Rate Swaps
Fixed to Variable
Average pay rate
6.2
7.6
8.4
9.0
9.6
Average receive rate
9.5
Under SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging Activities, as it relates to our derivative products, we have entered into an interest rate swap that is designated as a fair value hedge and is treated as a hedge for tax purposes. Since the requirements for hedge accounting have been met, the swap is recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with changes in the fair value recorded to the carrying value of the Series I senior notes. Additionally, the amounts paid or received under the swap agreement will be recognized over the life of the agreement as an adjustment to interest expense. This interest rate swap agreement converted our payment obligations on the $450 million amount from a fixed rate to a floating rate based on one-month LIBOR plus 4.5%. A change in the LIBOR rate of 100 basis points will result in $4.5 million increase or decrease in our annual interest expense.
On January 4, 2002, in a separate agreement with a different counterparty, we purchased, for approximately $3 million, an interest rate cap with the same notional amount ($450 million) which caps the floating interest rate at 14% on the swap agreement for the Series I debt. In August 2001, we purchased an interest rate cap as part of our refinancing of $96.6 million of debt on our Canadian properties. The interest rate cap was purchased for approximately $0.4 million and is based on a notional amount ($48.3 million) which caps the floating interest rate at 10.75%. Under SFAS 133, the caps do not qualify for hedge accounting, and, therefore, will be marked to market and the gains and losses from changes in the market value of the caps will be recorded in other income or expense in the current period.
As of December 31, 2002, approximately 90% of our debt bears interest at fixed rates. This debt structure largely mitigates the impact of changes in the rate of inflation on future interest costs. We have some financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, including our credit facility. The interest rate on our credit facility is based on a spread over LIBOR, ranging from 2.5% to 3.75%. There were no amounts outstanding on our credit facility at December 31, 2002. The weighted average interest rate for our credit facility
was 5.5% for the year ended December 31, 2002. The weighted average interest rate for the prior credit facility was 4.4% for the year ended December 31, 2001. The prior credit facility was repaid in full in December 2001 with the net proceeds from the offering of the Series H senior notes, which were subsequently exchanged for Series I senior notes, and a portion of the proceeds from the sale of two properties.
Exchange Rate Sensitivity
The table below summarizes information on instruments and transactions that are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rates, including foreign currency forward exchange agreements. For foreign currency forward exchange agreements, the table presents the notional amounts and weighted average exchange rates by expected (contractual) maturity dates. These notional amounts generally are used to calculate the contractual payments to be exchanged under the contract.
Fair
Value
Anticipated Transactions and Related Derivatives
Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Agreements Contract Amount (in millions)
8.3
8.9
9.2
97.0
123.4
127.2
Average Contractual Exchange Rate
1.56
1.57
On August 30, 2001, Canadian subsidiaries of the operating partnership entered into a mortgage loan pursuant to which they borrowed $96.6 million (denominated in U.S. dollars) at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 2.75%. The Calgary Marriott, Toronto Airport Marriott, Toronto Marriott Eaton Centre, and Toronto Delta Meadowvale hotels serve as collateral for this financing. In addition, since the mortgage loan on these Canadian properties is denominated in U.S. Dollars and the functional currency of the Canadian subsidiaries is the Canadian Dollar, the subsidiaries entered into currency forward contracts to hedge the currency exposure of converting Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars on a monthly basis to cover debt service payments. This swap has been designated as a cash flow hedge of the debt service payments, and the forward contracts are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with offsetting changes recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. The fair value of the forward contracts is recorded each period. The weighted average interest rate for this mortgage loan was 4.6% and 5.5%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. The fair value of the forward contracts was $3.8 million and $1.5 million, respectively, at December 31, 2002 and 2001.
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The following financial information is included on the pages indicated:
Host Marriott Corporation
Page
Independent Auditors Report
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002 and 2001
57
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
58
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders Equity and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
59
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
61
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
63
Independent Auditors Report
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Host Marriott Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Host Marriott Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have also audited the financial statement Schedule III as listed in the index as Item 15(a)(ii). These consolidated financial statements and the financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Host Marriott Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule referred to above, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
As discussed in note 1, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets in 2002.
KPMG LLP
McLean, Virginia
February 24, 2003
HOST MARRIOTT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2002 and 2001
ASSETS
Property and equipment, net
7,031
6,999
Notes and other receivables
Due from managers
82
Investments in affiliates
142
Other assets
523
536
Restricted cash
114
Cash and cash equivalents
361
352
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Senior notes
3,247
3,235
Mortgage debt
2,289
2,261
106
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
121
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
6,008
6,044
Minority interest
210
Company-obligated mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred securities of a subsidiary whose sole assets are convertible subordinated debentures due 2026 (Convertible Preferred Securities)
Shareholders equity
Cumulative redeemable preferred stock (liquidation preference $354 million), 50 million shares authorized; 14.1 million shares issued and outstanding
Common stock, par value $.01, 750 million shares authorized; 263.7 million shares and 261.4 million shares issued and outstanding, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
2,100
2,051
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Accumulated deficit
(830
(779
Total shareholders equity
1,610
1,609
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(in millions, except per common share amounts)
REVENUES
2,167
2,222
1,146
1,125
266
3,579
3,629
Rental income
101
1,398
Other income
Total revenues
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
541
847
843
Hotel departmental expenses
951
945
Management fees
177
Other property-level expenses
301
276
331
Corporate expenses
Other expenses
207
OPERATING PROFIT
527
(7
(23
(72
Interest income
(433
Net gains on property transactions
Equity in earnings (losses) of affiliates
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes
98
INCOME (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EXTRAORDINARY ITEM
Extraordinary gain (loss) on the extinguishment of debt
NET INCOME (LOSS)
Less: Dividends on preferred stock
(20
Add: Gain on repurchase of Convertible Preferred Securities
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS
BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE:
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
.03
(.01
Extraordinary gain (loss)
.02
BASIC EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
DILUTED EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Shares Outstanding
Preferred
Stock
Common
Additional Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Comprehensive
219.7
Balance, December 31, 1999
1,844
(539
Net income
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation
Unrealized gain on HM Services common stock to net income
(1
Comprehensive income
153
3.3
Common stock issued for the comprehensive stock and employee stock purchase plans
0.7
Redemptions of limited partnership interests for common stock
Dividends on common stock
(201
Redemptions of limited partnership interests for cash
Repurchases of Convertible Preferred Securities
Repurchases of common stock
(40
218.8
Balance, December 31, 2000
1,824
(600
Foreign currency translation adjustment
.5
6.0
Issuance of preferred stock
(198
42.1
Redemptions of limited partner interests for common stock
14.1
261.4
Balance, December 31, 2001
1.8
Issuance of OP Units for limited partner interests
263.7
Balance, December 31, 2002
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Adjustments to reconcile to cash provided by operations:
Non-cash effect of discontinued operations
Extraordinary (gain) loss on the extinguishment of debt, net of tax
(15
(128
(27
Purchase of leases
(208
72
Return of working capital from Marriott International
Changes in other assets
79
Changes in other liabilities
Cash provided by operations
389
561
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sales of assets
60
Acquisitions
(117
(63
Capital expenditures:
Renewals and replacements
(146
(206
(230
Development
(11
(56
(108
Other investments
(24
Return of escrow funds from Marriott International
75
Notes receivable collections, net
Affiliate notes receivable issuances and collections, net
(39
Cash used in investing activities
(222
(279
(448
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Issuances of debt
980
556
Financing costs
(12
Debt prepayments
(703
(278
Scheduled principal repayments
(55
Issuances of common stock
Issuances of cumulative redeemable preferred stock, net
(256
(190
(28
(19
Distributions to minority interests
(18
(59
(78
Redemption of outside operating partnership interests for cash
(44
Purchase of interest rate cap
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(158
(77
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of year
313
277
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of year
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities:
During 2002, 2001 and 2000, we issued 2.3 million, 42.6 million and 4.0 million shares of common stock, respectively. Of the shares issued, approximately 1.8 million, 42.1 million and .7 million shares of common stock were issued for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, upon the conversion of operating partnership units, or OP Units, of Host Marriott, L.P. held by minority partners, which reduced the minority interest liability by $13 million, $223 million, and $4 million, respectively.
Of the 2.3 million shares of common stock issued during 2002, 1.1 million shares were issued to acquire minority interests in the partnership owning the San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina. This transaction resulted in an increase of $10.5 million to property and equipment and equity to reflect the fair value of the interests acquired. During April 2002 (in a separate transaction), our ownership percentage in the San Diego partnership increased to 90% when the minority partners in the San Diego partnership exchanged their interests for approximately 6.9 million OP Units. The transaction resulted in an increase of $56.1 million in property and equipment and a corresponding increase in minority interest liability to reflect the fair value of the interests acquired.
During January 2002, we transferred the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion to the mortgage lender. We recorded the difference between the debt extinguished and the fair value of the assets surrendered of $9 million, net of tax expense of $3 million, as a $6 million extraordinary item. The operations of the hotel transferred are reflected, net of tax, as income from discontinued operations.
On June 14, 2002, we acquired the Boston Marriott Copley Place in Boston, Massachusetts for a purchase price of $214 million, including the assumption of $97 million in mortgage debt.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Description of Business
Host Marriott Corporation, a Maryland corporation, operating through an umbrella partnership structure, is primarily the owner of hotel properties. We operate as a self-managed and self-administered real estate investment trust, or REIT, with our operations conducted solely through an operating partnership, Host Marriott, L.P., or Host LP, or the operating partnership, and its subsidiaries. We are the sole general partner of the operating partnership and as of December 31, 2002, own approximately 90% of the partnership interests in the operating partnership, which are referred to as OP Units.
The Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 or the REIT Modernization Act amended the tax laws to permit REITs, effective January 1, 2001, to lease hotels to a subsidiary that qualifies as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Prior to the REIT Modernization Act, we leased substantially all of our hotels to subsidiaries of Crestline Capital Corporation, or Crestline, and certain other lessees as further discussed at Note 9. However, with the inception of the REIT Modernization Act, a wholly owned subsidiary of Host LP, HMT Lessee LLC or the TRS, which has elected to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes, acquired certain subsidiaries owning the leasehold interests with respect to 120 of our full-service hotels from Crestline and Wyndham International, Inc. and affiliates, or Wyndham. As a result of the acquisitions, our operating results reflect property-level revenues and expenses rather than rental income from lessees with respect to those 120 full-service properties from the effective dates of the acquisitions.
As of December 31, 2002, we owned, or had controlling interests in, 123 upper-upscale and luxury, full-service hotel lodging properties generally located throughout the United States, Canada and Mexico operated primarily under the Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, Hilton, Hyatt and Swissôtel brand names. Of these properties, 110 are managed or franchised by Marriott International, Inc. and its subsidiaries or Marriott International.
Basis of Presentation
On December 15, 1998, shareholders of Host Marriott Corporation, a Delaware corporation and our predecessor, approved a plan to reorganize its business operations as a REIT through the spin-off of its senior living business and the contribution of its hotels and certain other assets and liabilities to a newly formed Delaware limited partnership, Host LP. The contribution of hotels and certain assets and liabilities to the operating partnership in exchange for OP Units was accounted for at their historical basis. We refer to this reorganization as the REIT conversion. In these consolidated financial statements, We or Host Marriott refers to Host Marriott Corporation and our consolidated subsidiaries, both before and after the REIT conversion.
Principles of Consolidation
We consolidate entities (in the absence of other factors determining control) when we own over 50% of the voting shares of another company or, in the case of partnership investments, when we own a majority of the general partnership interest. The control factors we consider include the ability of minority shareholders or other partners to participate in or block management decisions. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Revenues
Our consolidated results of operations for 2001 and 2002 primarily reflect revenues and expenses of our hotels. Our 2000 revenues primarily represent the rental income from leased hotels. For our hotels leased to third parties, rental income is recorded when due and is the greater of base rent or percentage rent, as defined. Percentage rent received pursuant to the leases, but not recognized as revenue until all contingencies have been met, is deferred, and included on the balance sheet in other liabilities. For fiscal year 2000, all our hotels were leased to third parties and all deferred income was earned.
Accounting for the Impact of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Acts
We are entitled to receive business interruption insurance as a result of the discontinuation of operations of the World Trade Center Marriott and the New York Marriott Financial Center, both of which were affected by the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Income resulting from business interruption insurance will not be recognized until the amounts paid to us are non-refundable. To the extent that we incur expenses related to the hotels, principally the ground rent due for the World Trade Center Marriott for which we are still liable and for which we are entitled to recovery under the insurance contract, a receivable will be recognized, if we can demonstrate that receipt is probable. We also have property insurance for these hotels and while we expect the insurance proceeds will be sufficient to cover all or a substantial portion of the costs at both hotels, no determination has been made as to the total amount or timing of those payments. The $129 million net book value of the World Trade Center Marriott has been written off and a corresponding receivable recorded for the property insurance proceeds due under the terms of the insurance contract, which we believe is probable of receipt. Currently, no gain or loss has been recorded with respect to property insurance.
Since September 11, 2001, we have received $35 million in business interruption insurance with respect to the two hotels. These proceeds have been offset by $12 million of operating expenses for the same period, primarily representing net operating losses at the Marriott Financial Center, ground lease payments at the World Trade Center Marriott and severance and other payroll costs. As a result of the resolution of certain contingencies related to a portion of the insurance recoveries, we recognized $17 million of income associated with business interruption insurance on these two properties during 2002.
The Marriott Financial Center was reopened on January 7, 2002. We have received approximately $6 million in insurance proceeds for property damage relating to the two hotels since September 11, 2001.
Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share
Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders as adjusted for potentially dilutive securities, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus other potentially dilutive securities. Dilutive securities may include shares granted under comprehensive stock plans, those common and preferred OP Units held by minority partners, other minority interests that have the option to convert their limited partnership interests to common OP Units and the Convertible Preferred Securities. No effect is shown for any securities that are anti-dilutive.
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
Income
Shares
Per ShareAmount
Per
ShareAmount
(in millions, except per share amounts)
263.0
(.06
248.1
.21
220.8
.71
(.13
(.09
Gain on repurchase of Convertible Preferred Securities
Basic earnings (loss) available to common shareholders per share
Assuming distribution of common shares granted under the comprehensive stock plan, less shares assumed purchased at average market price
5.1
4.2
Assuming conversion of preferred OP Units
0.6
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
253.2
225.6
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at cost. For newly developed properties, cost includes interest, ground rent and real estate taxes incurred during development and construction. Replacements and improvements and capital leases are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally 40 years for buildings and three to ten years for furniture and equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the useful lives of the related assets.
Gains on sales of properties are recognized at the time of sale or deferred to the extent required by GAAP. Deferred gains are recognized as income in subsequent periods as conditions requiring deferral are satisfied or expire without further cost to us.
We assess impairment of our real estate properties based on whether it is probable that estimated undiscounted future cash flows from each individual property are less than its net book value. If a property is impaired, a loss is recorded for the difference between the fair value and net book value of the hotel.
We will classify a hotel as held for sale in the period in which we have made the decision to dispose of the hotel, a binding agreement to purchase the property has been signed under which the buyer has committed a significant amount of nonrefundable cash and no significant financing contingencies exist which could cause the transaction not to be completed in a timely manner. If this criteria is met, we will record an impairment loss if the fair value less costs to sell is lower than the carrying amount of the hotel and will cease incurring depreciation. We will classify the loss, together with operating results, as discontinued operations on our statement of operations and classify the assets and related liabilities as held-for-sale on the balance sheet.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of 90 days or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash includes reserves for debt service, real estate taxes, insurance, furniture and fixtures, as well as cash collateral and excess cash flow deposits due to lender restrictions and management agreement provisions.
Minority Interest
The percentage of the operating partnership owned by third parties, which was 10% as of December 31, 2002 and 8% as of December 31, 2001, is presented as minority interest in the consolidated balance sheets and was $131 million and $102 million as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Minority interest also includes third party partnership interests in consolidated investments of the operating partnership of $92 million and $108 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Deferred Charges
Financing costs related to long-term debt are deferred and amortized over the remaining life of the debt.
Foreign Currency Translation
Our foreign operations consist of four properties located in Canada and two properties located in Mexico. The operations of these properties are maintained in the local currency and then translated to U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates for the period. The assets and liabilities of the properties are translated to U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. The resulting translation adjustments are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the balance sheet are as follows (in millions):
Unrealized gain on HM Services common stock
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss
Derivative Instruments
We have an interest rate swap and two interest rate caps which are considered derivative instruments. If the requirements for hedge accounting are met, amounts paid or received under these agreements are recognized over the life of the agreements as adjustments to interest expense, and the fair value of the derivatives is recorded on the accompanying balance sheet, with offsetting adjustments or charges recorded to the underlying debt. Otherwise the instruments are marked to market, and the gains and losses from the changes in the market value of the contracts are recorded in other income. Upon early termination of an interest rate swap or cap, gains or losses are deferred and amortized as adjustments to interest expense of the related debt over the remaining period covered by the terminated swap or cap.
We are also subject to exposure from fluctuations in foreign currencies relating to the four properties operated in Canada and two properties in Mexico. We have purchased currency forward contracts related to the Canadian properties, which are considered derivative instruments. Gains and losses on contracts that meet the
requirements for hedge accounting are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value, with offsetting changes recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income. Contracts that do not meet these requirements are marked to market and included in other income each period.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. We maintain cash and cash equivalents with various high credit-quality financial institutions. We perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions and limit the amount of credit exposure with any one institution.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
At December 31, 2002, we maintained two stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 10. Prior to 2002, we accounted for those plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations. No stock-based employee compensation cost relating to the employee stock option plan is reflected in 2001 and 2000 net income, as all options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. In addition, no stock-based employee compensation cost relating to the employee stock purchase plan is reflected in 2001 and 2000 net income as the plan was considered non-compensatory under APB 25. Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Boards SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, prospectively to all employee awards granted, modified or settled after January 1, 2002. Awards under our employee stock option plan generally vest over four years. Therefore, the cost related to stock-based employee compensation included in the determination of net income for 2002 is less than that which would have been recognized if the fair value based method had been applied to these awards since the original effective date of SFAS No. 123. The adoption of SFAS No. 123 did not change the calculation of stock-based employee compensation costs for shares granted under our deferred stock and restricted stock plans. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the fair value based method had been applied to all of our outstanding and unvested awards in each period.
Year Ended December 31,
Net income (loss), as reported
Add: Deferred stock and restricted stock compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects
Deducted: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects
Pro forma net income (loss)
155
Earnings (loss) per share
Basicas reported
Basicpro forma
(.20
.07
Dilutedas reported
Dilutedpro forma
.62
66
Application of New Accounting Standards
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements. This interpretation requires an existing unconsolidated variable interest entity to be consolidated by their primary beneficiary if the entity does not effectively disperse risk among all parties involved or if other parties do not have significant capital to finance activities without subordinated financial support from the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party that absorbs a majority of the entitys expected losses, receives a majority of its expected residual returns, or both as a result of holding variable interests, which are the ownership, contractual, or other pecuniary interests in an entity. This interpretation is effective immediately for variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003 and no later than the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting period beginning after June 15, 2003 for interests in variable interest entities that were acquired prior to February 1, 2003. Absent other circumstances, we believe that this interpretation will require us to consolidate the JWDC Limited Partnership, which owns the JW Marriott Hotel in Washington, D.C., during 2003. For more detail on our ownership interest in the JWDC Limited Partnership, see Note 4.
In November 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, an interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57 and 107 and rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34. This interpretation outlines disclosure requirements in a guarantors financial statements relating to any obligations under guarantees for which it may have potential risk or liability, as well as clarifies a guarantors requirement to recognize a liability for the fair value, at the inception of the guarantee, of an obligation under that guarantee. The initial recognition and measurement provisions of this interpretation are effective for guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002 and the disclosure requirements are effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. As of March 1, 2003, we have not provided any guarantees that would require recognition as liabilities under this interpretation. We have disclosed guarantees in accordance with this interpretation in Note 18.
In October 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets which replaces SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets to determine when a long-lived asset should be classified as held for sale, among other things. Those criteria specify that the asset must be available for immediate sale in its present condition, subject
67
only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets, and the sale of the asset must be probable, and its transfer expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale, within one year. This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. SFAS No. 144 requires that for dispositions after the statements effective date, gains and losses from the dispositions of investment properties and the properties historical operating results will be treated as discontinued operations, and therefore, be classified separately from income from continuing operations. Prior period operating results of disposed assets previously included in continuing operations must be reclassified as discontinued operations for all periods presented, although net income is not affected. As a result of the transfer of the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion to a lender in 2002, we have restated the statement of operations for all periods presented to reflect the operations of the property as discontinued operations. See Note 12.
Effective January 1, 2001, we acquired from Crestline the entities owning the leasehold interests with respect to 116 full-service hotel properties owned by us for $208 million in cash, including $6 million of legal and professional fees and transfer taxes, effectively terminating the leases for financial reporting purposes. In connection therewith, during the fourth quarter of 2000 we recorded a non-recurring, pre-tax loss of $207 million, net of a tax benefit of $82 million, which we recognized as a deferred tax asset because, for income tax purposes, the acquisition is recognized as an asset that will be amortized over the next six years. The transaction was consummated effective January 1, 2001.
On June 16, 2001, we consummated another agreement with Crestline for the acquisition of their lease agreement with respect to San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina for $4.5 million. We acquired the lease by purchasing the lessee entity, effectively terminating the lease for financial reporting purposes.
On June 28, 2001, we consummated an agreement to purchase substantially all the minority limited partnership interests held by Wyndham with respect to seven full-service hotels for $60 million. As part of this acquisition, we acquired the leases from Wyndham with respect to the San Diego Marriott Mission Valley, the Minneapolis Marriott Southwest, and the Albany Marriott, effectively terminating the leases for financial reporting purposes. For purposes of purchase accounting, no amounts were attributed to the leases themselves, as the leases had no value. The entire purchase price was allocated to the minority limited partner interests purchased.
Property and equipment consists of the following as of December 31:
Land and land improvements
695
696
Buildings and leasehold improvements
7,440
7,039
Furniture and equipment
1,020
944
Construction in progress
149
9,193
8,828
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
(2,162
(1,829
Interest cost capitalized in connection with our development and construction activities totaled $2 million in 2002, $8 million in 2001 and $8 million in 2000.
68
During 2001, we recorded impairment charges of $13 million related to three properties to reduce their carrying value to estimated fair value. One of the hotels was sold in December 2001.
We own certain investments which we do not consolidate and, accordingly, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The debt of these affiliates is non-recourse to, and not guaranteed by, us. Investments in affiliates consist of the following as of December 31, 2002 and 2001:
Our Investment
As of December 31, 2001
OurInvestment
87
936
Tiburon Golf Ventures, L.P
Marriott Residence Inn Limited Partnership
93
15 Residence Inns
Marriott Residence Inn II Limited Partnership
132
23 Residence Inns
Mutual Benefit/Marriott Hotel Associates-I, L.P.
Richmond Marriott
1,286
During December 2000, CBM Joint Venture LLC, a joint venture formed by Rockledge Hotel Properties, Inc. (Rockledge) and Marriott International acquired the partnership interests in two partnerships that collectively own 120 limited service hotels for approximately $372 million plus interest and legal fees, of which Rockledge paid approximately $90 million. Previously, both partnerships were operated by Rockledge as sole general partner. The joint venture acquired the two partnerships by acquiring partnership units pursuant to a tender offer for such units followed by a merger of the two partnerships with and into subsidiaries of the joint venture. The joint venture financed the acquisition with mezzanine indebtedness with the face amount of $200 million provided by Marriott International and with cash and other assets contributed by Rockledge and Marriott International, including Rockledges existing general partner and limited partner interests in the partnerships. The joint venture has approximately $911 million of debt, all of which is non-recourse to, and not guaranteed by, us. Each of the joint ventures 120 hotels is operated by Marriott International pursuant to long-term management agreements. Rockledge, currently a consolidated, wholly owned subsidiary of ours, owns a 50% non-controlling interest in the joint venture and records the investment using the equity method.
On May 16, 2000, we acquired a non-controlling interest in the JWDC Limited Partnership for $40 million, which owns the JW Marriott Hotel, a 772-room hotel in Washington, D.C. Between January 15, 2003 and
69
June 30, 2003, Host LP has the option to purchase the 44.4% limited partner interest of one of the partners for the fair value of the interest (approximately $3 million). Host LP also has the option to purchase our co-general partners 1% general partner interest for the lesser of $375,000 or fair value of the interest in the second quarter of 2003. Absent other circumstances, we intend to exercise these rights and will begin to consolidate the partnership, at which time we will repay or refinance the mortgage loan.
As a result of the consolidation of Rockledge, effective March 24, 2001, our investments include a 49% interest in Tiburon Golf Ventures, L.P., which owns the 36-hole golf course surrounding The Ritz-Carlton, Naples Golf Resort.
In March 2002, we sold our 1% general partnership interest in the Marriott Residence Inn Limited Partnership, which owns 15 Residence Inn hotels. Additionally, in August 2002, we sold our 1% general partnership interest in the Marriott Residence Inn II Limited Partnership, which owns 23 Residence Inn hotels. Our proceeds from the sale of these partnerships were not material.
In July 2002, we converted our 1% general partnership interest in the Mutual Benefit Marriott Hotel Associates-I Limited Partnership (a partnership which owned the Richmond Marriott hotel) to a 1% limited partnership interest in this partnership. Mutual Benefit Marriott Hotel Associates-I Limited Partnership is a 5% owner of a new partnership that owns the hotel.
We own minority interests in two partnerships. One owns the Budapest Marriott, and the other owns the Des Moines Marriott. We also own minority preferred shares in STSN, Inc., a technology service provider company. As a result of operating losses at these investments, we wrote the carrying value down to zero prior to January 1, 2000. Further, we have not received any distributions from these investments. We do not have any guarantees or commitments in relation to any of these interests.
Our pre-tax income from affiliates includes the following:
Interest income from loans to affiliates
Equity in income (losses)
Interest income in 2001 and 2000 relates to loans to Rockledge prior to the consolidation of Rockledge on March 24, 2001.
Combined summarized balance sheet information for our affiliates follows as of December 31:
1,185
1,497
138
199
1,323
1,696
Equity
328
Total liabilities and equity
70
Combined summarized operating results for our affiliates follows for the years ended December 31:
Hotel revenues
525
653
861
Operating expenses:
(472
(557
(725
(71
(90
Extraordinary items
Debt consists of the following:
Series A senior notes, with a rate of 7 7/8% due August 2005
500
Series B senior notes, with a rate of 7 7/8% due August 2008
1,195
Series C senior notes, with a rate of 8.45% due December 2008
499
Series E senior notes, with a rate of 8 3/8% due February 2006
Series G senior notes, with a rate of 9 1/4% due October 2007
250
Series I senior notes, with a rate of 9 1/2% due January 15, 2007
490
452
Senior secured notes, with a rate of 9 1/2% due May 2005
Senior notes, with an average rate of 9 3/4% maturing through 2012
Total senior notes
Mortgage debt (non-recourse) secured by $3.6 billion of real estate assets, with an average rate of 7.8% at December 31, 2002, maturing through February 2023
Credit facility, with a variable rate (5.5% at December 31, 2002)
Other notes, with an average rate of 7.36% at December 31, 2002, maturing through December 2017
90
Capital lease obligations
Total other
Total debt
Senior Notes
We currently have six series of senior notes outstanding all of which have been issued under the same indenture. The indenture contains certain financial covenants that, in the event of a default, would prohibit us from incurring additional indebtedness. These covenants include a consolidated coverage ratio of EBITDA-to-cash interest expense of 2.0 to 1.0. Failure to meet this covenant limits our ability to incur additional debt and make dividend payments except to the extent required to maintain our REIT status. As of December 31, 2002, we are not in compliance with the interest coverage ratio.
In December 2001, we issued $450 million of 9½% Series H senior notes due in 2007. The proceeds were used to repay the term loan and pay down the revolver portion of then-existing credit facility. On June 25, 2002,
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the Series H senior notes were exchanged for $450 million of 9 1/2% Series I senior notes. The terms of the Series I senior notes are substantially identical to the terms of the Series H notes, except that the Series I senior notes are registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and are, therefore, freely transferable. The December 31, 2002 and 2001 balance of the Series I senior notes includes an adjustment of $40 million and $2 million, respectively, for the fair market value of the related interest rate swap agreement as discussed below.
Credit Facility
Effective June 6, 2002, we entered into a new credit facility with an aggregate revolving loan commitment of $400 million ($300 million of which is available currently, with the balance becoming available to the extent that our leverage ratio meets a specified level). The credit facility has an initial three-year term with an option to extend for an additional year if certain conditions are met. Interest on borrowings under the credit facility are calculated based on a spread over LIBOR ranging from 2.50% to 3.75%. The rate will vary based on our leverage ratio. We are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee that will vary based on the amount of unused capacity under the credit facility. Currently, the commitment fee is .55% on an annual basis for available capacity and .10% on additional capacity. As of December 31, 2002, we have not drawn on the credit facility.
In addition to the customary affirmative and negative covenants and restrictions, the credit facility contains covenants that require us to maintain leverage ratios below specified levels as well as interest, fixed charges and unsecured interest coverage ratios above specified levels. We are currently in compliance with these covenants.
Under the terms of the senior notes indenture and the credit facility, our ability to incur indebtedness is subject to restrictions and the satisfaction of various conditions, including an EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio of at least 2.0 to 1.0. Since the beginning of the third quarter of 2002, we have not met this interest coverage ratio incurrence test. As a result, our ability to incur indebtedness is limited to indebtedness specifically permitted under the credit facility and the senior notes indenture, such as borrowings under the credit facility and borrowings in connection with the refinancing of existing debt. Our failure to meet the interest coverage ratio also restricts our ability to pay dividends on our common and preferred equity, except to the extent necessary to maintain our status as a REIT and other distributions permitted under the senior notes indenture.
Mortgage Debt
Eight of our hotel properties secure a $609 million mortgage loan that is the sole asset of a trust that issued commercial mortgage pass-through certificates, which we refer to as the CMBS Loan. These hotels securing the CMBS Loan are the New York Marriott Marquis, the San Francisco Airport Hyatt Regency, the Cambridge Hyatt Regency, the Reston Hyatt Regency, and the Swissôtels in Boston, New York, Atlanta and Chicago, which we refer to as the CMBS Portfolio. The CMBS Loan contains a provision that requires the mortgage servicer to retain the excess cash from the CMBS Portfolio after payment of debt service if net cash flow after payment of taxes, insurance, ground rent and reserves for furniture, fixtures and equipment for the trailing twelve months declines below $96 million. Annual debt service is approximately $64 million. This provision was triggered beginning in the third quarter of 2002 and will remain in effect until the CMBS Portfolio generates the necessary minimum cash flow for two consecutive quarters, at which point, the cash which has been escrowed will be returned to us. As of December 31, 2002, approximately $10 million of cash has been escrowed.
On July 12, 2002, we modified the terms of the mortgage debt secured by our four Canadian properties. Under the terms of this modification, we have agreed to escrow the excess cash flow from these hotels on a retroactive basis effective December 29, 2001. To the extent that cash flow available for debt service for the twelve months ended March 28, 2003 is insufficient to achieve a specified debt-service coverage level, some or all of the escrowed excess cash flow will be applied to the outstanding balance of this debt. Thereafter, excess cash flow will continue to be applied to the outstanding balance to the extent necessary to achieve such specified level of debt service coverage. As of December 31, 2002, approximately $7 million of cash has been escrowed.
The CMBS Loan requires us to obtain insurance for the CMBS Portfolio from companies that maintain a minimum rating from the Standard & Poors rating agency. During our annual insurance policy renewal, which was completed in May 2002, we procured separate terrorism insurance with carriers which did not satisfy the requirement of a minimum Standard & Poors rating, although the insurance carriers on our all-risk portion of its coverage did have the required rating at the time we procured the coverage. Additionally, the mortgage servicer indicated that based on its interpretation of the CMBS Loan, we did not have sufficient terrorism coverage to cover the replacement value of the properties. We subsequently received a waiver from the mortgage servicer regarding the required rating covenant and the level of coverage covenants. However, the mortgage servicer has reserved its rights to revoke its waiver. Subsequent to the purchase of this insurance, the all-risk insurance carrier was downgraded by Standard & Poors and no longer meets the rating requirement. We have notified the mortgage servicer of this downgrade and the mortgage servicer has also conditionally waived this covenant, but it continues to reserve its rights to revoke its waiver.
In addition to the CMBS Portfolio, six of our assets are secured by mortgage loans that require us to obtain insurance only from carriers that maintain a minimum rating from Standard & Poors, A.M. Best, or other rating agencies. When we renewed our insurance policies on these assets, we secured all-risk property insurance coverage from an insurance carrier with a Standard & Poors rating lower than required. We have notified our lenders and have received waivers regarding compliance with these covenants, although the lenders have reserved the right to enforce coverage and ratings requirements.
On September 16, 2002, we called the remaining $12.6 million of 9 1/2% senior secured notes due in May 2005 at approximately 101% of par, making a payment of $12.7 million and retired the notes. This transaction resulted in a minimal loss. Additionally, on June 14, 2002, in connection with our acquisition of the Boston Marriott Copley Place, we assumed $97 million of mortgage debt. The mortgage bears interest at a fixed rate of 8.39% and is due on June 1, 2006. Also, in January of 2002, we transferred the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion hotel to the mortgage lender. In the first quarter of 2002, we wrote off the remaining $13 million of property and equipment, eliminated $25 million of mortgage debt and recorded an extraordinary gain of $6 million. See Note 12 for additional disclosure on the disposition.
In October 2001, we prepaid the remaining mortgage debt of $16.5 million on the San Antonio Marriott Riverwalk which was scheduled to mature January 1, 2002. In August 2001, a Canadian subsidiary entered into a financing agreement pursuant to which it borrowed $96.6 million due August 2006 at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 2.75%. The Calgary Marriott, Toronto Airport Marriott, Toronto Marriott Eaton Centre and Toronto Delta Meadowvale hotels serve as collateral. The proceeds from this financing were used to refinance existing indebtedness on these hotels as well as to repay the $88 million mortgage note on The Ritz-Carlton, Amelia Island hotel. We recorded an extraordinary loss of $1 million during 2001 related to this repayment.
The mortgage loan on the Canadian properties is denominated in U.S. dollars and the functional currency of the Canadian subsidiaries is the Canadian dollar. The subsidiaries have entered into 60 separate currency forward contracts to buy U.S. dollars at a fixed price. These forward contracts hedge the currency exposure of converting
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Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars on a monthly basis to cover debt service payments. These contracts have been designated as cash flow hedges of the principal payments and are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet with offsetting changes recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. The fair value of the contracts on December 31, 2002 and 2001 was $3.8 million and $1.5 million, respectively. We also purchased an interest rate cap for approximately $0.4 million which caps the floating interest rate at 10.75% based on a notional amount ($48.3 million). The cap represents a derivative that will be marked to market and the gains and losses from changes in the market value of the cap are to be recorded in other income or expense in the current period. The fair value of the interest rate cap was $0.1 million at December 31, 2002.
On December 20, 2001, we entered into a 5-year interest rate swap agreement, which was effective on January 15, 2002 and matures in January 2007. Under the swap, we receive fixed-rate payments of 9.5% and pay floating-rate payments based on one-month LIBOR plus 4.5% on a $450 million notional amount. We have designated the interest rate swap as a fair value hedge for both financial reporting and tax purposes and the amounts paid or received under the swap agreement will be recognized over the life of the agreement as an adjustment to interest expense. Changes in the fair value of the swap and the notes are reflected in the balance sheet as offsetting changes and have no income statement effect. The fair value of the interest rate swap at December 31, 2002 and 2001 was $40.3 million and $2.4 million, respectively.
On January 4, 2002, in a separate agreement with a different counterparty, we purchased for approximately $3.5 million an interest rate cap with the same notional amount which caps the floating interest rate at 14%. The cap represents a derivative that will be marked to market and the gains and losses from changes in the market value of the cap are to be recorded in other income or expense in the current period. The fair value of the interest rate cap was $0.8 million at December 31, 2002.
Aggregate Debt Maturities
Aggregate debt maturities at December 31, 2002 are (in millions):
560
739
3,208
5,631
Discount on senior notes
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized, was $449 million in 2002, $437 million in 2001 and $417 million in 2000. Deferred financing costs, which are included in other assets, amounted to $91 million and $99 million, net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Amortization of deferred financing costs totaled $16 million, $22 million, and $15 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Amortization of capital leases totaled $3 million, $4 million and $4 million in the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, and is included in depreciation and amortization on the accompanying statements of operations.
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In December 1996, Host Marriott Financial Trust (the Issuer), a wholly owned subsidiary trust, issued 11 million shares of 6 3/4% convertible quarterly income preferred securities (the Convertible Preferred Securities), with a liquidation preference of $50 per share (for a total liquidation amount of $550 million). The Convertible Preferred Securities represent an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Issuer. The payment of distributions out of moneys held by the Issuer and payments on liquidation of the Issuer or the redemption of the Convertible Preferred Securities are guaranteed by us to the extent the Issuer has funds available therefor. This guarantee, when taken together with our obligations under the indenture pursuant to which the Debentures (defined below) were issued, the Debentures, our obligations under the Trust Agreement and its obligations under the indenture to pay costs, expenses, debts and liabilities of the Issuer (other than with respect to the Convertible Preferred Securities) provides a full and unconditional guarantee of amounts due on the Convertible Preferred Securities. Proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Preferred Securities were invested in 6 3/4% Convertible Subordinated Debentures (the Debentures) due December 2, 2026 issued by us. The Issuer exists solely to issue the Convertible Preferred Securities and its own common securities (the Common Securities) and invest the proceeds therefrom in the Debentures, which is its sole asset. Separate financial statements of the Issuer are not presented because of our guarantee described above; our management has concluded that such financial statements are not material to investors as the Issuer is wholly owned and essentially has no independent operations.
Each of the Convertible Preferred Securities and the related debentures are convertible at the option of the holder into shares of our common stock at the rate of 3.2537 shares per Convertible Preferred Security (equivalent to a conversion price of $15.367 per share of our common stock). The Issuer will only convert Debentures pursuant to a notice of conversion by a holder of Convertible Preferred Securities. During 2002, no shares were converted to common stock. During 2001, 400 shares were converted into common stock. The conversion ratio and price have been adjusted to reflect the impact of the distribution of shares of Crestline common stock and our common stock in connection with the REIT conversion.
Holders of the Convertible Preferred Securities are entitled to receive preferential cumulative cash distributions at an annual rate of 6 3/4% accruing from the original issue date, commencing March 1, 1997, and payable quarterly in arrears thereafter. The distribution rate and the distribution and other payment dates for the Convertible Preferred Securities will correspond to the interest rate and interest and other payment dates on the Debentures. We may defer interest payments on the Debentures for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters. If interest payments on the Debentures are deferred, so too are payments on the Convertible Preferred Securities. Under this circumstance, we will not be permitted to declare or pay any cash distributions with respect to our capital stock or debt securities that rank pari passu with or junior to the Debentures.
Subject to certain restrictions, the Convertible Preferred Securities are redeemable at the Issuers option upon any redemption by us of the Debentures after December 2, 1999. Upon repayment at maturity or as a result of the acceleration of the Debentures upon the occurrence of a default, the Convertible Preferred Securities are subject to mandatory redemption.
In connection with consummation of the REIT conversion, the operating partnership assumed primary liability for repayment of the Debentures underlying the Convertible Preferred Securities. Upon conversion by a Convertible Preferred Securities holder, we will issue shares of our common stock, which will be delivered to such holder. Upon the issuance of such shares by us, the operating partnership will issue to us a number of OP Units equal to the number of shares of our common stock issued in exchange for the Debentures. There were no shares of Convertible Preferred Securities repurchased in 2002 and 2001.
Seven hundred fifty million shares of common stock, with a par value of $0.01 per share, are authorized, of which 263.7 million and 261.4 million were outstanding as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Fifty million shares of no par value preferred stock are authorized, with 14.1 million shares outstanding as of December 31, 2002 and 2001.
Dividend. Our policy on paying dividends is generally to distribute the minimum amount of taxable income necessary to maintain REIT status. In 2002, we were under the 2.0 to 1.0 EBITDA-to-cash interest coverage ratio required under the senior notes indenture. As a result, dividends on both common and preferred shares were restricted to the minimum amount of distributions required to maintain our REIT status. Required distributions for 2002 were satisfied in part by payment of dividends on the preferred shares in 2002. We believe that the remaining 2002 distribution requirement should largely be satisfied by the payment of dividends expected to be declared on preferred shares in the first, second and third quarters of 2003. We may, however, also need to pay a nominal common dividend in 2003 to the extent necessary to satisfy any remaining 2002 distribution requirement. During 2001, the Board of Directors declared annual dividends of $.78 per common share.
Common Stock and OP Units. During February 2002, we filed a shelf registration statement for 1.1 million shares of our common stock to be issued in exchange for partnership interests held by the minority partners in the partnership that owns the San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina. On March 15, 2002, the minority partners sold the 1.1 million common shares to an underwriter for resale on the open market. We did not receive any proceeds as a result of these transactions. Concurrent with the issuance of the common shares, the operating partnership issued to us an equivalent number of OP Units. Also, in April 2002, we acquired an additional interest in the partnership through the issuance of 6.9 million OP Units to certain minority partners in exchange for their partnership interests in the San Diego Marriott Hotel and Marina.
In conjunction with the REIT conversion, the operating partnership issued approximately 73.5 million OP Units which are convertible into cash or shares of our common stock, at our option. On May 29, May 7 and February 7, 2001, Blackstone and affiliates converted 18.2 million, 10.0 million and 12.5 million OP Units, respectively, to common shares and immediately sold them to an underwriter for sale on the open market. We received no proceeds as a result of these transactions.
Preferred Stock. We currently have three classes of preferred stock outstanding. There are 4,160,000 shares of 10% Class A preferred stock, which were sold in August 1999; 4,000,000 shares of 10% Class B preferred stock, which were sold in November 1999; and 5,980,000 shares of 10% Class C preferred stock, which were sold in March 2001. Holders of all classes of the preferred stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at a rate of 10% per annum of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference and are payable quarterly in arrears. After August 3, 2004, April 29, 2005 and March 27, 2006 we have the option to redeem the Class A preferred stock, Class B preferred stock and Class C preferred stock, respectively, for $25.00 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends to the date of redemption. The preferred stock classes rank senior to the common stock and the authorized Series A junior participating preferred stock (discussed below), and on a parity with each other. The preferred stockholders generally have no voting rights. Accrued preferred dividends at December 31, 2002 were $8.8 million.
Repurchase Program. In September 1999, the Board of Directors approved the repurchase, from time to time on the open market and/or in privately negotiated transactions, of up to 22 million of the outstanding shares of our common stock, OP Units, or a corresponding amount of Convertible Preferred Securities, which are convertible into a like number of common shares. Such repurchases will be made at managements discretion,
subject to market conditions, and may be suspended at any time at our discretion. No repurchases were made in 2002 or 2001. As a result of purchases made in 1999 and 2000, we have remaining capacity to repurchase approximately 6 million shares of common stock. However, due to restrictions in our senior notes indenture, we are not currently able to make such repurchases.
Shareholders Rights Plan. In November 1998, the Board of Directors adopted a shareholder rights plan (as amended December 24, 1998) under which a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right was distributed for each outstanding share of our common stock. Each right when exercisable entitles the holder to buy 1/1,000th of a share of a Series A junior participating preferred stock of ours at an exercise price of $55 per share, subject to adjustment. The rights are exercisable 10 days after a person or group acquired beneficial ownership of at least 20%, or began a tender or exchange offer for at least 20%, of our common stock. Shares owned by a person or group on November 3, 1998 and held continuously thereafter are exempt for purposes of determining beneficial ownership under the rights plan. The rights are non-voting and expire on November 22, 2008, unless exercised or previously redeemed by us for $.005 each. If we were involved in a merger or certain other business combinations not approved by the Board of Directors, each right entitles its holder, other than the acquiring person or group, to purchase common stock of either our company or the acquiror having a value of twice the exercise price of the right.
In December 1998, we restructured ourselves to enable us to qualify for treatment as a REIT effective January 1, 1999, pursuant to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. In general, a corporation that elects REIT status and meets certain tax law requirements regarding distribution of its taxable income to its shareholders as prescribed by applicable tax laws and complies with certain other requirements (relating primarily to the nature of its assets and the sources of its revenues) is not subject to Federal income taxation on its operating income to the extent it distributes at least 90% (95% for tax years prior to 2001) of its taxable income. Required distributions for 2002 were satisfied in part by the payment of dividends on the preferred shares in 2002. There were no common dividends paid in 2002. We believe the remaining 2002 distribution requirement will largely be satisfied by the payment of dividends expected to be declared on preferred shares in the first, second and third quarters of 2003. We may also need to pay a nominal common dividend in 2003 to satisfy any remaining 2002 distribution requirement. In 2001, we distributed 100% of our taxable income to our preferred and common shareholders. Dividends to common shareholders in 2001 totaled $.78 per outstanding share, $.49 of which was taxable as ordinary income, $.04 was taxable as a capital gain and the remaining $.25 was a return of capital. In addition to paying federal and state taxes on any retained income, we are subject to taxes on built-in-gains on sales of certain assets, if any. Additionally, our consolidated taxable REIT subsidiaries are subject to Federal and state income tax. The consolidated income tax provision includes, primarily, the tax provision related to the operations of the taxable REIT subsidiaries and international taxes at the operating partnership, as well as each of their respective subsidiaries.
In order to qualify as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes, among other things, we were required to distribute all of our accumulated earnings and profits (E&P) to our stockholders in one or more taxable dividends prior to December 31, 1999. To accomplish the requisite distributions of accumulated E&P, we made distributions consisting of approximately 20.4 million shares of Crestline common stock valued at $297 million, $73 million in cash, and approximately 11.5 million shares of our common stock valued at $138 million.
Where required, deferred income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting bases of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and for operating loss and tax credit carryforwards based on enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. However, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will be realized based on consideration of available evidence, including tax planning strategies and other factors.
77
Total deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001 were as follows:
Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
(85
(110
Net deferred income tax liability
(33
The tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001 were as follows:
Investment in hotel leases
Safe harbor lease investments
(21
Property and equipment
(61
Deferred gains
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards
The (provision) benefit for income taxes consists of:
CurrentFederal
State
Foreign
DeferredFederal
State
Foreign
On July 20, 2001, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit affirmed a lower court ruling that allowed us to carryback a 1991 specified liability loss to the tax years 1984 and 1985 resulting in a net income tax refund of $16 million. We recorded the refund as a benefit to the provision in 2001. In addition, we settled with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) all other outstanding Federal income tax issues for the tax years through 1998. We made net payments to the IRS of approximately $19 million in 2001 and $14 million in 1999 related to these settlements.
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A reconciliation of the statutory Federal tax expense to our income tax expense follows:
Statutory Federal tax
Nontaxable income (loss) of REIT
Built-in-gain tax
State income taxes, net of Federal tax benefit
Tax benefit from acquisition of leases
Tax contingencies
Tax on foreign source income
Income tax expense
Cash paid for income taxes, including IRS settlements, net of refunds received, was $2 million, $24 million and $30 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Hotel Leases. During 2000, we leased our hotels (the Leases) to one or more third party lessees (the Lessees), primarily subsidiaries of Crestline, due to Federal income tax law restrictions on a REITs ability to derive revenues directly from the operation of a hotel. Effective January 1, 2001, the REIT Modernization Act amended the tax laws to permit REITs to lease hotels to a subsidiary that qualifies as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Accordingly, the TRS acquired the Crestline lessee entities owning the leasehold interests with respect to 116 of our full-service hotels during January 2001 and acquired the lessee entities owning the leasehold interest with respect to four of our full-service hotels from Crestline (one lease) and Wyndham (three leases) during June of 2001. As a result, our revenues reflect hotel level sales instead of rental income.
We are responsible for paying all of the expenses of operating the applicable hotel(s), including all personnel costs, utility costs and general repair and maintenance of the hotel(s). We also are responsible for all fees payable to the applicable manager, including base and incentive management fees, chain services payments and franchise or system fees, with respect to periods covered by the term of the Leases. We also remain liable under each management agreement.
We are responsible for paying real estate taxes, personal property taxes (to the extent we own the personal property), casualty insurance on the structures, ground lease rent payments, required expenditures for furniture, fixtures and equipment (including maintaining the furniture, fixtures and equipment reserve, to the extent such is required by the applicable management agreement) and other capital expenditures.
Hospitality Properties Trust Relationship. In a series of related transactions in 1995 and 1996, we sold and leased back 53 Courtyard properties and 18 Residence Inns to Hospitality Properties Trust (HPT). These leases, which are accounted for as operating leases and are included in the table below, have initial terms expiring through 2012 for the Courtyard properties and 2010 for the Residence Inn properties, and are renewable at our option. Minimum rent payments are $51 million annually for the Courtyard properties and $18 million annually for the Residence Inn properties, and additional rent based upon sales levels are payable to HPT under the terms of the leases.
In connection with the REIT conversion, the operating partnership sublet the HPT hotels (the Subleases) to separate sublessee subsidiaries of Crestline (the Sublessee), subject to the terms of the applicable HPT lease. The term of each Sublease expires simultaneously with the expiration of the initial term of the HPT lease to
which it relates and automatically renews for the corresponding renewal term under the HPT lease, unless either the HPT lessee (the Sublessor), a wholly owned subsidiary of the operating partnership, elects not to renew the HPT lease, or the Sublessee elects not to renew the Sublease at the expiration of the initial term provided, however, that neither party can elect to terminate fewer than all of the Subleases in a particular pool of HPT hotels (one for Courtyard hotels and one for Residence Inn hotels). Rent payable by Crestline under the Sublease consists of the minimum rent payable under the HPT lease and an additional percentage rent payable to us. The percentage rent payable by the Sublessor is sufficient to cover the additional rent due under the HPT lease, with any excess being retained by the Sublessor. The rent payable under the Subleases is guaranteed by Crestline, up to a maximum amount of $30 million which amount is allocated between the two pools of HPT hotels.
Other Lease Information. A number of our hotels are subject to long-term ground leases, generally with multiple renewal options, all of which are accounted for as operating leases. Certain of these leases contain provisions for the payment of contingent rentals based on a percentage of sales in excess of stipulated amounts. We also have leases on facilities used in our former restaurant business, some of which we subsequently subleased. These leases and subleases contain one or more renewal options, generally for five or 10-year periods. Our lease activities also include leases entered into by our hotels for various types of equipment, such as computer equipment, vehicles and telephone systems. The restaurant and equipment leases are accounted for as either operating or capital leases, depending on the characteristics of the particular lease arrangement.
The following table presents the future minimum annual rental commitments required under non-cancelable leases for which we are the lessee as of December 31, 2002. Minimum payments for capital leases have not been reduced by aggregate minimum sublease rentals from restaurant subleases of $3 million, payable to us under non-cancelable subleases. Minimum payments for the operating leases have not been reduced by aggregate minimum sublease rentals from restaurants and HPT subleases of $36 million and $657 million, respectively, payable to us under non-cancelable subleases.
Capital Leases
Operating Leases
Total minimum lease payments
Less amount representing interest
Present value of minimum lease payments
In conjunction with the refinancing of the mortgage of the New York Marriott Marquis in 1999, we also renegotiated the terms of the ground lease. The renegotiated ground lease provides for the payment of a percentage of the hotel sales (4% in 1999 and 5% thereafter) through 2007 and an equivalent of real estate taxes on the property from 2008 through 2017, which is to be used to amortize the then existing deferred ground rent obligation of $116 million. We have the right to purchase the land under certain circumstances for approximately $25 million of which $4 million has already been paid. The balance of the deferred ground rent obligation was $63 million and $65 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, and is included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
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We remain contingently liable on certain leases relating to divested non-lodging properties. Such contingent liabilities aggregated $48 million at December 31, 2002. However, management considers the likelihood of any material funding related to these leases to be remote.
Rent expense consists of:
Minimum rentals on operating leases
120
117
Additional rentals based on sales
Less: sublease rentals
(81
(95
At December 31, 2002, we maintained two stock-based compensation plans, including the comprehensive stock plan (the Comprehensive Plan), whereby we may award to participating employees (i) options to purchase our common stock, (ii) deferred shares of our common stock and (iii) restricted shares of our common stock, and the employee stock purchase plan. At December 31, 2002, there were approximately 15 million shares of common stock reserved and available for issuance under the Comprehensive Plan.
Prior to 2002, we accounted for expense under these plans according to the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations. Consequently, no compensation expense was recognized for stock options issued under the Comprehensive Plan or stock issued under the employee stock purchase plan. In the third quarter of 2002, we implemented the expense recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 with retroactive application to employee stock options granted on or after January 1, 2002 only. Options granted in fiscal years prior to 2002 will continue to be accounted for using the intrinsic value method as described in APB 25. As a result of the change in accounting method, we recorded compensation expense for employee stock options granted during 2002 based on the fair value of the options at the date of grant. We also recorded a minimal amount of compensation expense for shares issued under our employee stock purchase plan. The implementation of SFAS No. 123 had no effect on the calculation of compensation expense for shares granted under deferred stock and restricted stock plans. For additional information on the effects of this change in accounting method, see Note 1.
Employee stock options may be granted to officers and key employees with an exercise price not less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Non-qualified options generally expire up to 15 years after the date of grant. Most options vest ratably over each of the first four years following the date of the grant. In connection with the Marriott International distribution in 1993, we issued an equivalent number of Marriott International options and adjusted the exercise prices of its options then outstanding based on the relative trading prices of shares of the common stock of the two companies.
In connection with the Host Marriott Services (HM Services) spin-off in 1995, outstanding options held by our current and former employees were redenominated in both our and HM Services stock and the exercise prices of the options were adjusted based on the relative trading prices of shares of the common stock of the two companies. Pursuant to the distribution agreement between us and HM Services, we originally had the right to receive up to 1.4 million shares of HM Services common stock or an equivalent cash value subsequent to exercise of the options held by certain former and current employees of Marriott International. On August 27, 1999, Autogrill Acquisition Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of Autogrill SpA of Italy, acquired Host Marriott Services Corporation. Since HM Services is no longer publicly traded, all future payments to us will be made in cash, as HM Services Corporation has indicated that the receivable will not be settled in Autogrill SpA stock. As of December 31, 2002 and 2001, the receivable balance was approximately $5.4 million and $6.4 million, respectively, which is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
For purposes of the following disclosures required by SFAS No. 123, the fair value of each option granted has been estimated on the date of grant using an option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions used for grants in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively: risk-free interest rates of 3.8%, 5.2% and 5.1%, volatility of 36%, 37% and 32%, expected lives of 15, 12 and 12 years; and dividend yield of 6.0%, 9.1% and 9.5%. The weighted average fair value per option granted during the year was $1.41 in 2002, $1.09 in 2001 and $1.07 in 2000. As a result of the implementation of SFAS 123, we recorded compensation expense of $47,000 for 2002, which represents the expense for stock options granted during 2002 only.
A summary of the status of our stock option plans that have been approved by our stockholders for 2002, 2001 and 2000 follows. We do not have stock option plans that have not been approved by our stockholders.
Shares (in millions)
Weighted Average
ExercisePrice
Weighted Average ExercisePrice
Weighted
Average ExercisePrice
Balance, at beginning of year
4.9
Granted
.9
1.4
.6
Exercised
(.2
(.6
(1.2
Forfeited/expired
(.1
Balance, at end of year
5.4
Options exercisable at year-end
2.9
3.2
The following table summarizes information about stock options at December 31, 2002:
Options Outstanding
Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
Weighted Average Exercise Price
$ 1 3
1.9
4 6
.2
7 9
2.4
.7
10 12
13 19
Deferred stock incentive plan shares granted to officers and key employees after 1990 generally vest over 10 years in annual installments commencing one year after the date of grant. Certain employees may elect to defer payments until termination or retirement. We accrue compensation expense for the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, less estimated forfeitures. In 2002, 2001 and 2000, 23,000, 24,000 and 20,000 shares, respectively, were granted under this plan. The compensation cost that has been charged against income for deferred stock was not material for all periods presented. The weighted average fair value per share granted during each year was $9.95 in 2002, $12.66 in 2001 and $9.44 in 2000. The implementation of SFAS No. 123 had no impact on the calculation of compensation expense for the deferred stock incentive plan.
From time to time, we award restricted stock shares under the Comprehensive Plan to officers and key executives to be distributed over the next three years in annual installments based on continued employment and the attainment of certain performance criteria. We recognize compensation expense over the restriction period
equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance adjusted for forfeitures, and where appropriate, the level of attainment of performance criteria and fluctuations in the fair market value of our common stock. In 2002, 2001 and 2000, 906,000, 167,000 and 889,000 shares, respectively, of restricted stock plan shares were granted to certain key employees under these terms and conditions. Approximately 1,040,000, 593,000 and 106,000 shares were forfeited in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. We recorded compensation expense of $5.2 million, $7.6 million and $11 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, related to these awards. The weighted average grant date fair value per share granted during each year was $10.49 in 2002, $12.91 in 2001 and $8.87 in 2000. Under these awards 579,000 shares were outstanding at December 31, 2002.
In 1998, 568,408 stock appreciation rights (SARs) were issued under the Comprehensive Plan to certain directors as a replacement for previously issued options that were cancelled during the year. The conversion to SARs was completed in order to comply with ownership limits applicable to us upon conversion to a REIT. The SARs are fully vested and the grant prices range from $1.20 to $5.13. In 2002, 2001 and 2000, we recognized compensation (income) expense for outstanding SARs as a result of fluctuations in the market price of our common stock of $.8 million, $(1.2) million and $1.4 million, respectively.
Under the terms of the employee stock purchase plan, eligible employees may purchase common stock through payroll deductions at 90% of the lower of market value at the beginning or market value at the end of the plan year. As a result of the implementation of SFAS No. 123 during 2002, we now record compensation expense for the employee stock purchase plan based on the fair value of the employees purchase rights, which is estimated using an option-pricing model with the following assumptions for 2002: Risk-free interest rate of 2.2%, volatility of 37%, expected life of one year, and dividend yield of 0%. During 2002, approximately 43,000 shares were issued. The weighted average fair value of those purchase rights granted in 2002 was $2.35. The compensation expense reflected in net income was not material for all periods presented.
We contribute to defined contribution plans for the benefit of employees meeting certain eligibility requirements and electing participation in the plans. The discretionary amount to be matched by us is determined annually by the Board of Directors. We provide medical benefits to a limited number of retired employees meeting restrictive eligibility requirements. Amounts for these items were not material for the three years ended December 31, 2002.
Acquisitions. During 2002, we acquired 80% of the outstanding minority interest in the partnership that owns the San Diego Marriott Marina and Hotel in exchange for 1.1 million shares of common stock and 6.9 million OP Units, which resulted in an increase to property and equipment of $66.6 million to reflect the fair value of the interest acquired. As a result of the acquisition, we now own approximately 90% of the interests in the partnership that owns the hotel. We did not receive any proceeds as a result of these transactions.
Effective June 14, 2002, we completed the acquisition of the 1,139-room Boston Marriott Copley Place for $214 million, including the assumption of $97 million in mortgage debt.
Effective March 24, 2001, we purchased 100% of the voting interests in each of Rockledge and Fernwood that were previously held by the Host Marriott Statutory Employee/Charitable Trust for approximately $2 million. Prior to this acquisition, we held a 95% non-voting interest in each company and accounted for such investments under the equity method. As a result of this acquisition, we consolidated two full-service hotels and certain limited service hotel partnership interests.
On June 28, 2001, we consummated an agreement to purchase substantially all the minority limited partnership interests held by Wyndham with respect to seven full-service hotels for $60 million. As part of this
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acquisition, the leases were acquired from Wyndham with respect to three hotels by the TRS, effectively terminating the leases for financial reporting purposes. The entire purchase price was allocated to the minority limited partner interests purchased.
Dispositions. During January 2002, we transferred the St. Louis Marriott Pavilion hotel to the mortgage lender. We recorded the difference between the debt extinguished and the fair value of the assets surrendered of $9 million, net of tax expense of $3 million, as a $6 million extraordinary item. We have reflected the prior period operations of the hotel transferred, net of tax, as income from discontinued operations for 2001 and 2000. The St. Louis Marriott Pavilion was an asset of Rockledge Hotel Properties, Inc., which was an equity method investment during 2000.
During 2001, we disposed of two hotels (751 rooms) for a total consideration of $65 million and recognized a net gain of $12 million.
The fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities and other financial instruments are shown below:
Carrying Amount
Fair Value
Financial assets
Notes receivable
Financial liabilities
3,221
3,159
Mortgage debt and other, net of capital leases
2,378
2,492
2,351
Other financial instruments
351
332
Notes receivable and other financial assets are valued based on the expected future cash flows discounted at risk-adjusted rates. Valuations for secured debt are determined based on the expected future payments discounted at risk-adjusted rates. The fair value of the credit facility and other notes are estimated to be equal to their carrying value. Senior notes and the Convertible Preferred Securities are valued based on quoted market prices.
We have entered into various agreements with Marriott International (formerly a wholly owned subsidiary, the common stock of which was distributed to our shareholders on October 8, 1993) including the management of the majority of our hotels including franchised properties; financing for joint ventures including the acquisition in 1996 of two full-service properties for which Marriott International provided $29 million of debt financing and $28 million in preferred equity and the 2000 acquisition of two partnerships owning 120 limited service hotels (see below); and certain limited administrative services.
Effective July 25, 2002, we completed negotiations with Marriott International in connection with changes to the management and other agreements for substantially all of our Marriott and Ritz-Carlton managed hotels. The changes were effective as of December 29, 2001. The management contract changes include providing us
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with additional approval rights over hotel operating budgets, capital budgets, shared service programs, and changes to certain system wide programs; reducing the amount of working capital requirements, and expanding an existing agreement that allows the us to fund furniture, fixtures and equipment expenditures from one account controlled by us, which collectively increased cash available to us for general corporate purposes at that time by $125 million; reducing incentive management fees payable on certain Marriott managed hotels; reducing the amount we pay related to frequent guest programs; gradually reducing the amounts payable with respect to various centrally administered programs; and providing additional territorial restrictions for certain hotels in 10 markets.
In addition to these modifications, we have expanded the pool of hotels subject to an existing agreement that allows us to sell assets unencumbered by a Marriott management agreement without the payment of termination fees. The revised pool includes 46 assets, 75% (measured by EBITDA) of which may be sold over approximately a ten year or greater period without the payment of a termination fee (22.5% (measured by EBITDA) of which may be sold unencumbered by the Marriott brand).
In connection with these negotiations, we have amended our distribution agreement and stockholder rights plan to terminate Marriott Internationals right to purchase up to 20% of each class of our outstanding voting shares upon certain changes of control and clarified existing provisions in the management agreements that limit our ability to sell a hotel or our entire company to a competitor of Marriott International.
During December 2000, the joint venture formed by Rockledge and Marriott International acquired the partnership interests in two partnerships that collectively own 120 limited service hotels for approximately $372 million plus interest and legal fees (see Note 4).
As a result of the consolidation of Rockledge, we now have a controlling interest in Elcrisa S.A. de C.V., which owns two hotels located in Mexico City, Mexico. Marriott International holds the remaining interest in the entity and is the manager of the hotels.
In 2002 and 2001, the TRS paid Marriott International $144 million and $162 million, respectively, in hotel management fees and $5 million and $6 million, respectively, in franchise fees. In 2000, the fees were paid by Crestline and Wyndham, as the lessees, and totaled $240 million. In 2000, we paid Marriott International $0.2 million in guarantee fees pursuant to certain debt service guarantees provided by Marriott International. No guarantee fees were paid in 2002 and 2001. For 2002, we paid $1 million and for 2001 and 2000 we paid Marriott International $2 million each of those years for certain administrative services and office space.
Of our hotels, 102 are subject to management agreements under which Marriott International or one of their subsidiaries manages the hotels, generally for an initial term of 15 to 20 years with renewal terms at the option of Marriott International of up to an additional 16 to 30 years. The agreements generally provide for payment of base management fees that are generally 3 percent of sales and incentive management fees generally equal to 20% to 50% of operating profit (as defined in the agreements) over a priority return (as defined) to us, with total incentive management fees not to exceed 20% of cumulative operating profit, or 20% of current year operating profit. In the event of early termination of the agreements, Marriott International will receive additional fees based on the unexpired term and expected future base and incentive management fees. We have the option to terminate certain management agreements if specified performance thresholds are not satisfied. A single agreement may be canceled under certain conditions, although such cancellation will not trigger the cancellation of any other agreement. Certain consolidated partnerships with a total of eight properties operate under a single agreement, cancellation of which would affect all the properties in these partnerships.
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Pursuant to the terms of the agreements, Marriott International furnishes the hotels with certain chain services which are generally provided on a central or regional basis to all hotels in the Marriott International hotel system. Chain services include central training, advertising and promotion, a national reservation system, computerized payroll and accounting services, and such additional services as needed which may be more efficiently performed on a centralized basis. Costs and expenses incurred in providing such services are required to be allocated among all domestic hotels managed, owned or leased by Marriott International or its subsidiaries on a fair and equitable basis. In addition, our hotels also participate in the Marriott Rewards program. The cost of this program is charged to all hotels in the Marriott hotel system.
We are obligated to provide the manager with sufficient funds, generally 5% of revenue, to cover the cost of (a) certain non-routine repairs and maintenance to the hotels which are normally capitalized; and (b) replacements and renewals to the hotels property and improvements. Under certain circumstances, we will be required to establish escrow accounts for such purposes under terms outlined in the agreements. To the extent we are not required to fund such amounts into escrow accounts, we remain liable to make such fundings in the future.
We have franchise agreements with Marriott International for eight hotels. Pursuant to these franchise agreements, we generally pay a franchise fee based on a percentage of room sales and food and beverage sales, as well as certain other fees for advertising and reservations. Franchise fees for room sales vary from four to six percent of sales, while fees for food and beverage sales vary from two to three percent of sales. The terms of the franchise agreements are from 15 to 30 years.
We hold management agreements with The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC (Ritz-Carlton), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Marriott International, to manage ten of our hotels. These agreements have an initial term of 15 to 25 years with renewal terms at the option of Ritz-Carlton of up to an additional 10 to 40 years. Base management fees vary from two to five percent of sales and incentive management fees, if any, are generally equal to 20% of available cash flow or operating profit, as defined in the agreements.
We also hold management agreements with hotel management companies other than Marriott International and Ritz-Carlton for 21 of our hotels, eight of which are franchised under the Marriott brand. These agreements generally provide for an initial term of 10 to 20 years with renewal terms at the option of either party or, in some cases, the hotel management company of up to an additional one to 15 years. The agreements generally provide for payment of base management fees equal to one to four percent of sales. Seventeen of the 21 agreements also provide for incentive management fees generally equal to 10 to 25 percent of available cash flow, operating profit, or net operating income, as defined in the agreements.
We entered into a distribution agreement (the Distribution Agreement) with Crestline in connection with our conversion to a REIT in 1998, which provided for, among other things, (i) the distribution of shares of Crestline; (ii) the division between Crestline and us of certain assets and liabilities; (iii) the transfer to Crestline of the 25% interest in the Swissôtel management company and (iv) certain other agreements governing the relationship between Crestline and us. Crestline also granted us a contingent right to purchase Crestlines interest in Swissôtel Management (USA) L.L.C. at fair market value in the event the tax laws are changed so that we could own such interest without jeopardizing its status as a REIT.
Subject to certain exceptions, the Distribution Agreement provides for, among other things, assumptions of liabilities and cross-indemnities designed to allocate to Crestline, effective as of the date of the distribution, financial responsibilities for liabilities arising out of, or in connection with, the business of the senior living communities.
Crestline also had other agreements in connection with the distribution related to asset management services as well as non-competition agreements. These agreements were terminated effective January 1, 2001 in connection with the acquisition of the Crestline lessee entities discussed in Note 2.
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We operate one business segment, hotel ownership. As of December 31, 2000, our foreign operations were limited to four Canadian hotel properties. Effective March 24, 2001, we purchased 100% of the voting interest in Rockledge and, as a result, our foreign operations included two properties in Mexico City, Mexico. There were no intercompany sales between us and the foreign properties. The following table presents revenues and long-lived assets for each of the geographical areas in which we operate (in millions):
Long-lived
United States
3,561
6,857
3,652
6,812
1,382
7,000
119
174
115
187
7,110
We have certain guarantees which consist of commitments we have made to third parties for leases or debt that is not on our books due to various dispositions, spin-offs and contractual arrangements, but that we have agreed to pay in the event of certain circumstances including default by an unrelated party. We consider the likelihood of any material payments under these guarantees to be remote. The guarantees are listed below:
On January 24, 2003, we sold the 299-room, Ontario Airport Marriott for total consideration of $26 million. Our carrying amount for this hotel on the date of sale was $24 million of fixed assets, net of depreciation, and there was no mortgage debt. We will recognize a nominal gain on the sale in the first quarter of 2003.
790
920
789
1,181
(38
(47
(.08
.06
(.18
(.04
Discontinued operations and extraordinary items
.05
(.03
873
994
848
1,052
.12
.17
(.11
(.02
(.12
.16
For all years presented, the first three quarters consist of 12 weeks each and the fourth quarter includes 16 weeks. The sum of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share for the four quarters in all years presented differs from the annual earnings per common share due to the required method of computing the weighted average number of shares in the respective periods.
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
PART III
The information called for by Items 10-13 is incorporated by reference from our 2002 Annual Meeting of Shareholders Notice and Proxy Statement (to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the close of fiscal year).
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
The company has adopted a written code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial offer, principal accounting officer and other members of its management serving similar functions.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Companys definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Shareholders entitled Executive Officer Compensation, Aggregated Stock Option/SAR Exercises and Year-end Value, Compensation of Directors, Employment Arrangements and Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The Information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Companys definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders entitled Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Equity Compensation Plan Information.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
The Information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Companys definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders entitled Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
Item 14. Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure based closely on the definition of disclosure controls and procedures in Rule 13a-14(c). In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Also, we have investments in certain unconsolidated entities. As we do not control or manage these entities, our disclosure controls and procedures with respect to such entities are necessarily substantially more limited than those we maintain with respect to our consolidated subsidiaries.
Within 90 days prior to the date of this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
There have been no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect the internal controls subsequent to the date we completed our evaluation.
Item 15. Audit Committee Financial Experts
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Companys definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders entitled The Board of Directors and Committees of the Board.
Item 16. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Companys definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders entitled Auditor Fees.
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) LIST OF DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THIS REPORT
All financial statements of the registrant as set forth under Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K.
The following financial information is filed herewith on the pages indicated.
Financial Schedules:
III. Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation.
S-1 to S-6
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
No reports on Form 8-K were filed during the last fiscal quarter of the period covered by this report.
(c) EXHIBITS
Exhibit
No.
Description
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Host Marriott Corporation, HMC Merger Corporation and Host Marriott L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
3.1
*
Bylaws of Host Marriott Corporation, as amended, effective August 1, 2002.
Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Articles of Incorporation of Host Marriott Corporation (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
Articles Supplementary of Host Marriott Corporation Classifying and Designating a Series of Preferred Stock as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock and Fixing Distribution and Other Preferences and Rights of Such Series (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement on Form 8-A (Registration No. 001-14625) filed with the Commission on December 11, 1998).
3.4
Articles Supplementary of Host Marriott Corporation Classifying and Designating Preferred Stock of the Registrant as 10% Class A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement on Form 8-A (Registration No. 001-14625) filed with the Commission on July 30, 1999).
3.5
Articles Supplementary of Host Marriott Corporation Classifying and Designating Preferred Stock of the Registrant as 10% Class B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement on Form 8-A (Registration No. 001-14625) filed with the Commission on November 23, 1999).
3.6
Articles Supplementary of Host Marriott Corporation Classifying and Designating Preferred Stock of the Registrant as 10% Class C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement on Form 8-A (Registration No. 001-14625) filed with the Commission on March 23, 2001).
4.1
Form of Common Stock Certificate of Host Marriott Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
(i)
Guarantee Agreement, dated December 2, 1996, between Host Marriott Corporation and IBJ Schroeder Bank & Trust Company, as Guarantee Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-19923).
(ii)
Amendment No. 1, dated December 29, 1998, to Guarantee Agreement, dated December 2, 1996 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 30, 1998).
4.3
Rights Agreement between Host Marriott Corporation and The Bank of New York as Rights Agent dated as of November 23, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 23, 1998).
Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement between Host Marriott Corporation and The Bank of New York as Rights Agent dated as of December 18, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 001-14625 dated December 24, 1998).
4.3(iii)
Amendment No. 2 to Rights Agreement between Host Marriott Corporation and The Bank of New York as Rights Agent dated as of August 21, 2002. (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 6, 2002).
4.4
Amended and Restated Indenture dated as of August 5, 1998, by and among HMH Properties, Inc., as Issuer, and the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein, and Marine Midland Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 6, 1998).
First Supplemental Indenture to Amended and Restated Indenture dated as of August 5, 1998 among HMH Properties, Inc., the Guarantors and Subsidiary Guarantors named in the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of August 5, 1998, and Marine Midland Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 6, 1998).
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4.6
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 11, 1998, among HMH Properties, Inc., the Guarantors and Subsidiary Guarantors named in the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of August 5, 1998, and Marine Midland Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 11, 1998).
4.7
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 14, 1998, by and among HMH Properties Inc., Host Marriott, L.P., the entities identified therein as New Subsidiary Guarantors and Marine Midland Bank, as Trustee, to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of August 5, 1998, among the Company, the Guarantors named therein, Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
4.8
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 25, 1999, among Host Marriott, L.P., the Subsidiary Guarantors signatory thereto and Marine Midland Bank as Trustee to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of August 5, 1998, as amended and supplemented through the date of the Fourth Supplemental Indenture (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Registration Statement No. 333-79275).
Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 6, 2000, among Host Marriott, L.P., the Subsidiary Guarantors signatory thereto and HSBC Bank USA (formerly Marine Midland Bank, as Trustee to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of August 5, 1998, as amended and supplemented through the date of the Sixth Supplemental Indenture (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Registration Statement No. 333-51944).
4.10
Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 14, 2001, among Host Marriott, L.P. the Subsidiary Guarantors signatory thereto and HSBC Bank USA (formerly Marine Midland Bank, as Trustee to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of August 5, 1998, as amended and supplemented through the date of the Ninth Supplemental Indenture (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Registration Statement No.333-76550).
4.11(i)
Indenture for the 6 3/4% Convertible Debentures, dated December 2, 1996, between Host Marriott Corporation and IBJ Schroeder Bank & Trust Company, as Indenture Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-19923).
4.11(ii)
First Supplemental Indenture, dated December 29, 1998, to Indenture, dated December 2, 1996, by and among Host Marriott Corporation, HMC Merger Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P. and IBJ Schroder Bank & Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 30, 1998).
4.12
Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated December 2, 1996, among Host Marriott Corporation, IBJ Schroeder Bank & Trust Company, as Property Trustee, Delaware Trust Capital Management, Inc., as Delaware Trustee, and Robert E. Parsons, Jr., Bruce D. Wardinski and Christopher G. Townsend, as Administrative Trustees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-19923).
4.13
Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of December 29, 1998, among HMC Merger Corporation, as Depositor, IBJ Schroeder Bank & Trust Company, as Property Trustee, Delaware Trust Capital Management, Inc., as Delaware Trustee, and Robert E. Parsons, Jr., Ed Walter and Christopher G. Townsend, as Administrative Trustees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9 of Host Marriott Corporation Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.1
Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Host Marriott, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
10.2
Indenture between Host Marriott L.P., as Issuer, and Marine Midland Bank, as Indenture Trustee, and Form of 6.56% Callable Note due December 15, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
10.3
Host Marriott L.P. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan as amended and restated effective January 1, 1999 (formerly the Host Marriott Corporation Executive Deferred Compensation Plan) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.4
Host Marriott Corporation 1997 Comprehensive Stock and Cash Incentive Plan, as amended and restated December 29, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.8 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000).
10.5
Distribution Agreement dated as of September 15, 1993 between Host Marriott Corporation and Marriott International, Inc. (incorporated by reference from Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 25, 1993).
10.6
Amendment No. 1 to the Distribution Agreement dated December 29, 1995 by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott Services Corporation and Marriott International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 1996).
10.7
Amendment No. 2 to the Distribution Agreement dated June 21, 1997 by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott Services Corporation and Marriott International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.8
Amendment No. 3 to the Distribution Agreement dated March 3, 1998 by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott Services Corporation, Marriott International, Inc. and Sodexho Marriott Services, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.9
Amendment No. 4 to the Distribution Agreement by and among Host Marriott Corporation and Marriott International Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.10
Amendment No. 5 to the Distribution Agreement, dated December 18, 1998, by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott Services Corporation and Marriott International Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 of Host Marriott Corporations Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.11
Distribution Agreement dated December 22, 1995 by and between Host Marriott Corporation and Host Marriott Services Corporation (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 1996).
10.12
Amendment to Distribution Agreement dated December 22, 1995 by and between Host Marriott Corporation and Host Marriott Services Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of Host Marriott Corporations Form Report on 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.13
Tax Sharing Agreement dated as of October 5, 1993 by and between Host Marriott Corporation and Marriott International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 25, 1993).
10.14
License Agreement dated as of December 29, 1998 by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P., Marriott International, Inc. and Marriott Worldwide Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.15
Tax Administration Agreement dated as of October 8, 1993 by and between Host Marriott Corporation and Marriott International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 25, 1993).
10.16
Restated Noncompetition Agreement by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Marriott International, Inc. and Sodexho Marriott Services, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.17
First Amendment to Restated Noncompetition Agreement by and among Host Marriott Corporation, Marriott International, Inc. and Sodexho Marriott Services, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.18
Employee Benefits and Other Employment Matters Allocation Agreement dated as of December 29, 1995 by and between Host Marriott Corporation and Host Marriott Services Corporation (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 1996).
10.19
Tax Sharing Agreement dated as of December 29, 1995 by and between Host Marriott Corporation and Host Marriott Services Corporation (incorporated by reference to Host Marriott Corporation Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 16, 1996).
10.20
Host Marriott, L.P. Retirement and Savings Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.21
Contribution Agreement dated as of April 16, 1998 among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P. and the contributors named therein, together with Exhibit B (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
10.22
Amendment No. 1 to Contribution Agreement dated May 8, 1998 among Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P. and the contributors named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
10.23
Amendment No. 2 to Contribution Agreement dated May 18, 1998 among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P. and the contributors named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-55807).
10.24
Employee Benefits and Other Employment Matters Allocation Agreement between Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P. and Crestline Capital Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.25
Amendment to the Employee Benefits and Other Employment Matters Allocation Agreement effective as of December 29, 1998 by and between Host Marriott Corporation, Marriott International, Inc., Sodexho Marriott Services, Inc., Crestline Capital Corporation and Host Marriott, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.26
Amended and Restated Noncompetition Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 of Host Marriott Corporation Registration Statement No. 333-64793).
10.27
Registration Rights Agreement dated as of December 14, 2001, by and among Host Marriott, L.P., the Guarantors and Purchasers named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Registration Statement No. 333-76550).
10.28
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2000, among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P., various Banks and Bankers Trust Company, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 of Host Marriott L.P.s Registration Statement No. 333-51944).
94
10.29
First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 23, 2000, among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P., Various Banks and Bankers Trust Company, As Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Registration Statement No. 333-51944).
10.30
Second Amendment and Waiver of Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2001, among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P., various Banks and Bankers, and Bankers Trust Company, as administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 7, 2001).
10.31
Third Amendment and Modification to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, among Host Marriott Corporation, Host Marriott, L.P., various Banks, and Bankers Trust Company, as Administrative Agent, dated as of November 19, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 of Host Marriott Corporations Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 5, 2001).
10.32
Amended and Restated Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2000, among the Pledgors and Bankers Trust Company, as Pledgee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.44 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 7, 2001).
10.33
First Amendment to Amended and Restated Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2001, among the Pledgors and Bankers Trust Company, as Pledgee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.41 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 7, 2001).
10.34
Amended and Restated Subsidiaries Guaranty, dated as of August 5, 1998 and amended and restated as of May 31, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 7, 2001).
10.35
Acquisition and Exchange Agreement dated November 13, 2000 by Host Marriott, L.P. and Crestline Capital Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of Host Marriott, L.P.s Form 8-K/A filed December 14, 2000).
10.36
Host Marriott Corporations Non-Employee Directors Deferred Stock Compensation Plan. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
10.37
Amendment No. 7, dated as of December 29, 2001, to the Distribution Agreement dated as of December 15, 1993 between Host Marriott Corporation and Marriott International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 of Host Marriott Corporations Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 6, 2002).
12*
Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends.
21*
List of Subsidiaries of Host Marriott Corporation.
23*
Consent of KPMG LLP.
99.1*
Host Marriott Corporations Code of Ethics.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Bethesda, State of Maryland, on March 19, 2003.
HOST MARRIOTTCORPORATION
By:
/s/ W. EDWARD WALTER
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures
Title
/S/ RICHARD E. MARRIOTT
Chairman of the Board ofDirectors
March 19, 2003
/s/ CHRISTOPHER J. NASSETTA
President, Chief Executive
Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ LARRY K. HARVEY
Senior Vice President and
Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting
Officer)
/s/ ROBERT M. BAYLIS
Robert M. Baylis
Director
/s/ TERENCE C. GOLDEN
Terence C. Golden
/s/ ANN MCLAUGHLINKOROLOGOS
Ann McLaughlin Korologos
/s/ JUDITH A. MCHALE
Judith A. McHale
/s/ JOHN G. SCHREIBER
John G. Schreiber
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Christopher J. Nassetta, certify that:
Date: March 19, 2003
President and Chief Executive Officer
I, W. Edward Walter, certify that:
/S/ W. EDWARDWALTER
SCHEDULE III
Page 1 of 6
REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
Initial Costs
Subsequent
Costs
Capitalized
Gross Amount atDecember 31, 2002
Date of
Completion of
Construction
Description(1)
Land
Buildings &
Improvements
Depreciation
Acquired
Life
Full-service hotels:
Albany, New York
1998
The Ritz-Carlton, Amelia Island, Georgia
165
(58
Four Seasons, Atlanta, Georgia
Grand Hyatt, Atlanta, Georgia
100
109
Atlanta Marquis, Georgia
152
184
227
Atlanta Northwest, Georgia
1995
Atlanta Perimeter, Georgia
1976
Atlanta Midtown Suites, Georgia
1996
Swissôtel, Atlanta, Georgia
Bethesda, Maryland
1979
Miami Biscayne Bay, Florida
Boston Marriott Copley Place, Massachusetts
203
213
Boston/Newton, Massachusetts
1997
Swissôtel, Boston, Massachusetts
Hyatt Regency, Burlingame, California
167
Calgary, Canada
Hyatt Regency, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Charlotte Executive Park, North Carolina
Chicago/Downtown Courtyard, Illinois
1992
Chicago OHare, Illinois
Chicago OHare Suites, Illinois
Chicago/Deerfield Suites, Illinois
1990
Swissôtel, Chicago, Illinois
171
Coronado Island Resort, California
Costa Mesa Suites, California
Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, Texas
Dallas Quorum, Texas
1994
Dayton, Ohio
S-1
Page 2 of 6
The Ritz-Carlton, Dearborn, Michigan
Denver Tech Center, Colorado
Desert Springs Resort and Spa, California
205
219
Fairview Park, Virginia
Fort Lauderdale Marina, Florida
Gaithersburg/Washingtonian Center, Maryland
1993
Hanover, New Jersey
Harbor Beach Resort, Florida
105
Hartford/Farmington, Connecticut
Houston Airport, Texas
1984
JW Marriott Hotel at Lenox, Georgia
JW Marriott Houston, Texas
Kansas City Airport, Missouri
1974
Key Bridge, Virginia
125
(114
Manhattan Beach, California
Marina Beach, California
Memphis, Tennessee
Mexico City Airport, Mexico
JW Marriott, Mexico City, Mexico
Miami Airport, Florida
1972
Minneapolis City Center, Minnesota
1986
Minneapolis Southwest, Minnesota
Mountain Shadows Resort, Arizona
The Ritz-Carlton Naples Golf Resort, Florida
New Orleans, Louisiana
151
New York Financial Center, New York
(14
New York Marquis, New York
552
615
(220
Newark Airport, New Jersey
Newport Beach, California
1975
S-2
Page 3 of 6
Norfolk Waterside, Virginia
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Ontario Airport, California
Orlando World Center Resort, Florida
228
157
320
Park Ridge, New Jersey
Pentagon City Residence Inn, Virginia
Philadelphia Airport, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia Convention Center, Pennsylvania
186
(34
Four Seasons, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Plaza San Antonio, Texas
Portland, Oregon
Raleigh Crabtree Valley, North Carolina
Hyatt Regency, Reston, Virginia
The Ritz-Carlton, Phoenix, Arizona
The Ritz-Carlton, Tysons Corner, Virginia
The Ritz-Carlton, San Francisco, California
128
Salt Lake City, Utah
San Antonio Rivercenter, Texas
130
San Antonio Riverwalk, Texas
San Diego Hotel and Marina, California
190
288
San Diego Mission Valley, California
San Francisco Airport, California
San Francisco Fishermans Wharf, California
San Francisco Moscone Center, California
278
294
(84
1989
San Ramon, California
Santa Clara, California
Scottsdale Suites, Arizona
Seattle SeaTac Airport, Washington
Tampa Waterside, Florida
S-3
Page 4 of 6
Swissôtel, The Drake, New York
163
The Ritz-Carlton, Atlanta, Georgia
The Ritz-Carlton, Buckhead, Georgia
The Ritz-Carlton, Marina del Rey, California
The Ritz-Carlton, Naples, Florida
129
126
180
201
Toronto Airport, Canada
Toronto Eaton Center, Canada
Toronto Delta Meadowvale, Canada
Torrance, California
Dulles Airport, Virginia
1970
Washington Dulles Suites, Virginia
Washington Metro Center, Washington D.C.
Westfields, Virginia
Sub total full-service hotels:
2,224
650
5,650
1,421
663
7,058
7,721
(1,396
Sub totalother full-service properties less than 5% of total:
333
403
(94
various
Total full-service properties:
685
5,983
1,456
7,429
8,124
(1,490
Other properties, each less than 5% of total
(43
TOTAL(2)
723
5,999
1,413
8,135
(1,501
S-4
Page 5 of 6
Notes:
Balance at December 31, 1999
7,374
Additions:
Capital expenditures and transfers from construction-in-progress
Deductions:
Dispositions and other
Balance at December 31, 2000
Impairment charges
Balance at December 31, 2001
7,735
158
(42
Balance at December 31, 2002
S-5
Page 6 of 6
853
215
1,066
(66
1,281
237
1,501
S-6