UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2024
or
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________.
Commission File Number: 0-12305
KORU MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(845) 469-2042
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [_] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). [X] Yes [_] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [_]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [_] Yes [X] No
As of May 1, 2024, 45,764,225 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, were outstanding, which excludes 3,420,502 shares of treasury stock.
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
Common stock, $0.01par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized, 49,143,589 and 49,089,864shares issued 45,723,087 and 45,669,362shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
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STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
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STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
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NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 — NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF OPERATIONS
KORU MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC. (the “Company,” “KORU Medical,” “we,” “us” or “our”) designs, manufactures and markets proprietary portable and innovative medical devices primarily for the subcutaneous drug delivery market as governed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) quality and regulatory system and international regulations and standards for quality system management. The Company operates as one segment.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“Annual Report”). In accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Company has omitted footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the audited financial statements of the Company. The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited and reflect all adjustments which are in the opinion of management necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. The Company’s results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations and cash flows that it may achieve in future periods.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company has historically held cash balances in excess of $250,000 at its primary commercial bank, which exceeds FDIC insurance limits. To reduce the risk of uninsured deposits, the Company entered an insured cash sweep program with KeyBank during the second quarter of 2023 to automatically invest its uninsured bank cash balances over $250,000 into FDIC insured banks so there is no more than $250,000 maintained at any one bank. As of March 31, 2024 the Company has an investment balance of $10.2 million in a US Treasury bill that matures every 90 days.
PATENTS
Costs incurred in obtaining patents have been capitalized and are being amortized over the legal life of the patents.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company maintains a stock option plan and an omnibus equity incentive plan under which it grants stock options to certain executives, key employees and consultants. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. All options are charged against income at their fair value. The entire compensation expense of the award is recognized over the vesting period.
The Company also maintains a non-employee director compensation plan. Shares of stock granted for director fees are recorded at the fair value of the shares at the grant date.
The Company issues restricted stock awards. Restricted stock awards are equity classified and measured at the fair market value of the underlying stock at the grant date. The fair value of restricted stock awards vesting at certain market capitalization thresholds were estimated on the date of grant using the Brownian Motion Monte Carlo lattice model. The fair value of restricted stock awards with time-based vesting were estimated on the date of grant at the current stock price. The fair value of restricted stock awards vesting at certain annual sales growth thresholds were estimated as of the date of Board acknowledgement of the achievement, at the current stock price. We recognize restricted stock expense using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period and account for forfeitures as they occur.
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NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. The Company’s potentially dilutive common shares are those that result from diluted common stock options and unvested restricted stock awards. The calculation of diluted net loss per share excluded stock options of zero and 14,626, respectively, in weighted-average shares for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, as their effect was anti-dilutive as a result of the net loss incurred for those periods.
The calculation of diluted net loss per share excluded stock options, performance-based restricted stock and performance-based restricted stock units (PSUs) of 904,496 and 914,626 respectively, in weighted-average shares for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, as their effect was anti-dilutive as a result of the net loss incurred for those periods.
The following securities were not included in the computation of diluted shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023 because the effect would be anti-dilutive:
Therefore, diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding and diluted net loss per share were the same as basic weighted average number of shares outstanding and net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
USE OF ESTIMATES IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Important estimates include but are not limited to asset lives, deferred tax valuation allowances, inventory valuation, and customer rebate and incentive accruals. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire 2024 fiscal year.
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REVENUE RECOGNITION
Our revenues are derived from three business sources: (i) domestic core (which consists of US and Canada), (ii) international core, and (iii) novel therapies. Our core domestic and international revenues consist of sales of our syringe drivers, tubing and needles (“Product Revenue”) for the delivery of subcutaneous drugs that are FDA cleared for use with the KORU Medical infusion system, with the primary delivery for immunoglobulin to treat Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (“PIDD”) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (“CIDP”). Novel therapies consist of Product Revenue for feasibility/clinical trials (pre-clinical studies, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III) of biopharmaceutical companies in the drug development process as well as non-recurring engineering services (“NRE”) revenues (including testing and registration services) received from biopharmaceutical companies to ready or customize the FREEDOM System for clinical and commercial use across multiple drug categories.
For Product Revenue, we recognize revenues when shipment occurs, and at which point the customer obtains control and ownership of the goods. Shipping costs generally are billed to customers and are included in Product Revenue.
The Company generally does not accept return of goods shipped unless it is a Company error. The only credits provided to customers are for defective merchandise. The Company warrants the syringe driver from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and the warranty does not include a performance obligation. The costs under the warranty are expensed as incurred.
Rebates are provided to distributors for the difference in selling price to distributor and pricing specified to select customers. In addition, rebates are provided to customers for meeting growth targets. Provisions for both distributor pricing and customer growth rebates are variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related sales are recorded or when it is probable the growth target will be achieved.
We recognize NRE revenue under an input method, which recognizes revenue on the basis of our efforts or inputs (for example, resources consumed, labor hours expended, costs incurred, or time elapsed) to the satisfaction of a performance obligation relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation (i.e. completion milestone). The input method that we use is based on costs incurred.
Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements. Contract modifications exist when the modification either creates new, or changes existing, enforceable rights and obligations. Generally, when contract modifications create new performance obligations, the modification is considered to be a separate contract and revenue is recognized prospectively. When contract modifications change existing performance obligations, the impact on the existing transaction price and measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates is generally recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis. Contract assets primarily represent revenue earnings over time that are not yet billable based on the terms of the contracts. Contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) consist of fees invoiced or paid by the Company’s customers for which the associated performance obligations have not been satisfied and revenue has not been recognized based on the Company’s revenue recognition criteria described above. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has recognized a contract asset of zero.
The following table summarizes net revenues by geography for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
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ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS RECENTLY ADOPTED
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all recently issued accounting pronouncements. Recent accounting pronouncements not specifically identified in our disclosures are either not applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available for sale debt securities. For assets held at amortized cost basis, Topic 326 eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold in current GAAP and, instead, requires an entity to reflect its current estimate of all expected credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to present the net amount expected to be collected. For available for sale debt securities, credit losses should be measured in a manner similar to current GAAP, however Topic 326 will require that credit losses be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down. This ASU affects entities holding financial assets and net investment in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. The amendments affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. The Company adopted the pronouncement on January 1, 2023, and there was no impact on its financial statements.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value is the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability. Fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined using assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. To measure fair value, the Company uses the following fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable:
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, including investments in short-term U.S. Treasury bills, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued expenses are considered to be representative of their fair values because of the short-term nature of those instruments. There were no transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than the carrying amount. The impairment loss, if recognized, would be based on the excess of the carrying value of the impaired asset over its respective fair value. The Company did not record any impairment losses through March 31, 2024.
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NOTE 2 — PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consists of the following at:
Depreciation and amortization expense was $214,910and $197,233 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
NOTE 3 — STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company maintains a stock option plan and omnibus equity incentive plan under which it grants stock options to certain executives, key employees and consultants. It also has granted stock options outside of the plans as inducement awards. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. All options are charged against income at their fair value. The entire compensation expense of the award is recognized over the vesting period.
The Company issues performance share units (PSUs) under its omnibus equity incentive plan. Performance share units are equity classified and measured at the fair market value of the underlying stock at the grant date.
Shares of stock granted for director fees under the non-employee director compensation plan and under its omnibus equity incentive plan are recorded at the fair value of the shares at the grant date.
The Company issues restricted stock awards under its omnibus equity incentive plan and outside the plan as incentive awards. Restricted stock awards are equity classified and measured at the fair market value of the underlying stock at the grant date. The fair value of restricted stock awards vesting at certain market capitalization thresholds were estimated on the date of grant using the Brownian Motion Monte Carlo lattice model. The fair value of other restricted stock awards were estimated on the date of grant at the current stock price. We recognize restricted stock expense using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period and account for forfeitures as they occur.
The Company has three equity incentive plans: the 2015 Stock Option Plan, as amended (the “2015 Plan”), the 2021 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), and the Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan. The Company has also issued restricted stock and stock options as employment inducement awards to its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Commercial Officer, respectively.
The 2015 plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options. As of March 31, 2024, there were 2,120,000 shares reserved for outstanding awards and 604,250shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan. Additional options may be issued under the 2015 Plan as outstanding options are forfeited.
The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock awards, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and/or stock appreciation rights to employees, consultants and directors. As of March 31, 2024, there were 656,744 shares reserved for outstanding awards and 152,811 shares available for issuance under the 2021 Plan. Additional awards may be issued under the 2021 Plan as outstanding awards are forfeited.
Each non-employee director of the Company (other than the Chairman of the Board) is eligible to receive $110,000 annually, to be paid quarterly $12,500 in cash and $15,000 in common stock. The Chairman of the Board is eligible to receive $140,000 annually, to be paid quarterly $12,500 in cash and $22,500 in common stock.Non-employee director compensation is paid pursuant to the Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan. All payments were and are pro-rated for partial service.
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Time Based Stock Options
The following table summarizes the activities for our stock options with time based vesting for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023.
The following table summarizes the status of the stock options:
Total stock-based compensation expense was $393,113and $535,059 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively. No cash was received from option exercises for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
The following table presents information pertaining to options outstanding at March 31, 2024:
As of March 31, 2024, there was $2,719,478 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 46 months. The total fair value of shares vested as of March 31, 2024, and March 31, 2023, was $3,884,426 and $3,511,874, respectively.
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Performance Based Stock Options
The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested performance based stock option awards for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023.
Total stock-based compensation expense was $8,121and zero for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024, there was $168,223 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested employee performance based options. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 36 months.
Restricted Stock Awards and PSUs
The following table summarizes the activities for our restricted stock awards and PSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023.
Total stock-based compensation expense was $122,551and $170,387 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024, and 2023, there was $755,513and $1,447,790 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested employee restricted stock awards and PSUs. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 21 months.
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Common Stock Warrants
The following table summarizes the activities for our common stock warrants issued in connection with our loan financing agreement with HSBC for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023.
As of March 31, 2024, and 2023, there was $52,125and zero of unrecognized cost related to unvested warrants.
NOTE 4 — DEBT OBLIGATIONS
On July 28, 2023, the Company entered into a commercial insurance premium finance and security agreement with AON Premium Finance, LLC in the aggregate principal amount of $0.57million bearing an annual percentage rate of 9.5%, to finance its insurance premiums. Monthly payments are due on the first of each month beginning August 1, 2023 through June 1, 2024. The balance of the AON note was $314,344as of December 31, 2023 and $159,031as of March 31, 2024.
On March 8, 2024, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement with HSBC Ventures USA Inc., as lender, providing for a $5,000,000 revolving credit facility and a $5,000,000 term loan facility. Borrowings are secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company, subject to customary exceptions. The revolving credit facility matures on December 31, 2025 and the term loan matures on December 1, 2028. Our former revolving credit facility with Key Bank expired during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. As of March 31, 2024, there were no outstanding borrowings under the term loan nor the revolving credit facility.
NOTE 5 — LEASES
We have finance and operating leases for our corporate office and certain office and computer equipment. Our two operating leases have remaining lease terms of 8.4 years and 4.8 years, respectively. Our three finance leases have remaining lease terms of 3.2 years, 2.75 years, and 4.5 years, respectively, as of March 31, 2024.
The components of lease expense were as follows:
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Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:
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NOTE 6 — INCOME TAXES
For interim income tax reporting, the Company estimates its annual effective tax rate and applies it to fiscal year-to-date pretax loss, excluding unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items. Tax jurisdictions with losses for which tax benefits cannot be realized are excluded. The Company reported an income tax expense of zero and income tax benefit of $0.6 million for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
We evaluate our deferred tax assets to determine if they are more likely than not to be realized by assessing both positive and negative evidence in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. After considering our cumulative pretax loss (the three-year period ending with the current year), as well as analyzing all available evidence, we have recorded a valuation allowance of $6.0 million against our net deferred tax assets during the year ended December 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2024, the valuation allowance is $6.4 million As we continue to assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets, reported pretax income and new evidence may result in a partial or full reduction of the valuation allowance in future periods.
Recurring items cause our effective tax rate to differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, including U.S. federal R&D credits, U.S. state tax rates, and stock-based compensation.
Beginning in 2022, certain research and development costs are required to be capitalized and amortized over a five-year period under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted in December 2017. This change will impact the expected U.S. federal and state income tax expense and cash taxes to be paid for our fiscal 2024.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state jurisdictions. Income tax returns for years prior to fiscal 2020 are no longer subject to examination by tax authorities.
NOTE 7 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company has been and may again become involved in legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. KORU Medical Systems Inc. is not presently a party to any litigation or other legal proceeding that is believed to be material to its financial condition.
NOTE 8 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On April 8, 2024, the Company’s appeal to BSI in connection with a prior audit matter was upheld resulting in no disruption of sales of the Company to the market and patients. Our products remain certified, marketed and sold in the EU. The Company intends to address the identified nonconformance through the routine BSI assessment process.
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PART I — ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains, and our officers and representatives may from time to time make, certain “forward-looking” statements (as such term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) and information relating to us that are based on the beliefs of the management, as well as assumptions made and information currently available. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control.
Our actual results may vary materially from the forward-looking statements made in this report due to important factors such as uncertainties associated with global health crises, inflation, war and other geopolitical conflicts, customer ordering patterns, availability and costs of raw materials and labor and our ability to recover such costs, our ability to convert inventory to a source of cash, future operating results, growth of new patient starts and the SCIg market, our ability to partner with biopharmaceutical companies in our novel therapies business, Food and Drug Administration and foreign authority regulations and the outcome of regulatory audits, introduction of competitive products, acceptance of and demand for new and existing products, ability to penetrate new markets, success in enforcing and obtaining patents, reimbursement related risks, government regulation of the home health care industry, success of our research and development effort, expanding the market of FREEDOM system demand in the SCIg market, availability of sufficient capital if or when needed, dependence on key personnel, and the impact of recent accounting pronouncements, as well as those risks and uncertainties described in Part II.— Item IA. “Risk Factors” in this report and from time to time in our past and future reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 in addition to others. When used in this report, the words “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, which include, without limitation, statements regarding reduction of inventory, and need for additional financing. Such statements reflect current views with respect to future events based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. The Company does not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revision to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Throughout this report, the “Company,” “KORU Medical,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to KORU Medical Systems, Inc.
OVERVIEW
The Company develops, manufactures and markets proprietary portable and innovative medical devices primarily for the subcutaneous drug delivery market as governed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) quality and regulatory system and international regulations and standards for quality system management.
Our revenues derive from three business sources: (i) domestic core (which consists of US and Canada), (ii) international core, and (iii) novel therapies. Our domestic core and international core revenues consist of sales of our products for the delivery of subcutaneous drugs that are FDA cleared for use with the FREEDOM Infusion System, with the primary delivery for immunoglobulin to treat Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (“PIDD”) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (“CIDP”). Novel therapies revenues consist of product revenues from our infusion system (syringe drivers, tubing and needles) for feasibility/clinical trials (pre-clinical studies, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III) of biopharmaceutical companies in the drug development process as well as non-recurring engineering services revenues (“NRE”) received from biopharmaceutical companies to ready or customize the FREEDOM System for clinical and commercial use.
The Company ended the first quarter of 2024 with $8.2 million in net revenues, a 10.9% increase compared with $7.4 million in the same period last year. Revenues were driven by volume growth in our core domestic and international business of 4.1% and 63.1% respectively, slightly offset by a 21.3% decline in our novel therapies business.
Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $5.1 million, an increase of $1 million, or 23.1%, from $4.1 million for the same period last year, driven primarily by additional revenue from volume in our core businesses and manufacturing efficiencies from our outsourced manufacturing compared to the same period last year. Gross margin was 62.3%, an increase from 56.1% in the prior year period. We define gross margin as gross profit stated as a percentage of net revenues.
Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, were $7.1 million, compared to $7.2 million for the same period last year, driven primarily by a decrease of $0.1 million in research and development expenses.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to March 31, 2023
Net Revenues
The following table summarizes our net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023:
Total net revenues increased $0.8 million, or 10.9%, to $8.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared with the same period in 2023. Domestic Core revenues increased by 4.1% from higher consumable volumes driven by new patients starts and share gains. International Core revenues increased by 63.1%, from higher consumable and pump volumes driven largely by increased Ig supply, increased penetration within approved indications, and geographic expansion. International orders were expedited for certain distribution partners of $0.26 million in March 2024 to ensure adequate inventory to fulfill patient needs in the event of a supply disruption related to the BSI regulatory review process. Novel therapies net revenues declined by 21.3% primarily driven by a milestone completion for a collaboration agreement in the prior year period.
Gross Profit
Our gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Gross profit increased $1.0 million to $5.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $4.1 million in the same period in 2023. Gross margin increased to 62.3% compared to 56.1% in the first quarter of 2023. The increase in gross margin was primarily driven by production efficiencies from outsourced manufacturing and consolidation of US manufacturing sites when compared to the prior year period.
Operating Expenses
Our selling, general and administrative, research and development and depreciation and amortization expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $0.1 million, or 1.3%, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared with the same period last year.
Research and development expenses decreased $0.1 million, or 5.7% during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared with the same period last year, primarily due to timing of project spend in support of our innovation efforts for both core and novel therapies businesses.
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Depreciation and amortization expense increased by 8.6% to $231,370 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared with $213,117 in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was driven by research and development tooling and equipment commissioned during 2023.
Net Loss
Our net loss decreased $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared with the same period last year, mostly driven by an increase in gross profit of $1.0 million and a decrease in operating expenses of $0.1 million partially offset by a decrease in tax benefit of $0.6 million.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES.
Our principal source of liquidity is our cash on hand of $10.8 million as of March 31, 2024. Our principal source of operating cash inflows is from sales of our products and NRE. Our principal cash outflows relate to the purchase and production of inventory, funding of research and development, and selling, general and administrative expenses. To develop new products, support future growth, achieve operating efficiencies, and maintain product quality, we are continuing to invest in research and development, and equipment.
Our inventory position was $3.1 million at March 31, 2024, which reflects a decrease of $0.3 million from December 31, 2023.
We expect that our cash on hand and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our requirements at least through the next twelve months. Continued execution on our longer-term strategic plan may require the Company to draw on our new credit facility, take on additional debt, raise capital through issuance of equity, or a combination of both. Our future capital requirements may vary from those currently planned and will depend on many factors, including our rate of sales growth, the timing and extent of spending on various strategic initiatives including research and development, our international expansion, the timing of new product introductions, market acceptance of our solutions, and overall economic conditions including inflation and the potential impact of global supply imbalances on the global financial markets. To the extent that current and anticipated future sources of liquidity are or are expected to be insufficient to fund our future business activities and requirements, we may be required to draw on our new credit facility or seek additional equity or debt financing sooner. There can be no assurance the Company will be able to obtain the financing or raise the capital required to fund its operations or planned expansion.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows:
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 vs $4.7 million in the prior year. This net cash usage of $0.3 million was primarily due to the net loss of $1.9 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $0.3 million, a reduction of accrued expenses of $0.2 million driven by payment of 2023 bonuses, offset by an increase in accounts payable of $0.8 million, a decrease in inventory of $0.3 million, and non-cash items including stock-based compensation expense of $0.7 million, and depreciation and amortization expense of $0.2 million.
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Net cash used in operating activities of $4.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to the net loss of $2.4 million, working capital changes which included an increase in accounts receivable of $0.6 million, an increase in inventory of $0.2 million, a decrease in accrued expenses of $1.3 million, a decrease in accounts payable of $0.9 million, and a decrease in prepaid expense of $0.3 million. Further contributing was an increase in deferred tax assets of $0.6 million. Offsetting these were primarily non-cash charges for stock-based compensation of $0.9 million, depreciation and amortization of $0.2 million, and a loss on disposal of fixed assets of $0.1 million.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities of $0.1 million for the three months ending March 31, 2024, was for capital expenditures for research and development and manufacturing equipment.
Net cash used in investing activities of $0.3 million for the three months ending March 31, 2023, was for capital expenditures for research and development and office equipment.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $0.2 million, due to payments on our note payable for insurance premium financing.
Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was $0.2 million, due to payments on our note payable for insurance premium financing.
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED
Refer to “NOTE 1 — NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” in the accompanying financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company’s management, including the Company’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as such is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon their evaluations, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective for the purpose of ensuring that the information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) (1) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in “PART 1, ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our common stock.
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PART II – ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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