UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2025
or
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________.
Commission File Number: 0-12305
KORU MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(845) 469-2042
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [_] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). [X] Yes [_] No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [_]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [_] Yes [X] No
As of August 6, 2025, 46,234,957 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, were outstanding, which excludes 3,438,526 shares of treasury stock.
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
BALANCE SHEETS
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
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STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
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STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
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NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 — NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF OPERATIONS
KORU MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC. (the “Company,” “KORU Medical,” “KORU,” “we,” “us” or “our”) develops, manufactures and commercializes innovative and patient-centric large volume subcutaneous infusion solutions primarily for the subcutaneous drug delivery market as governed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) quality and regulatory system and international standards for quality system management. The Company operates as one segment.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (“Annual Report”). In accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Company has omitted footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the audited financial statements of the Company. The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited and reflect all adjustments which are in the opinion of management necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. The Company’s results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations and cash flows that it may achieve in future periods.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2025 the Company held cash and cash-equivalents of $8.1million, the majority of which was held in a secured US-treasury money market fund.
PATENTS
Costs incurred in obtaining patents have been capitalized and are being amortized over the legal life of the patents.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company maintains an omnibus equity incentive plan under which it grants options and other equity incentive awards to certain executives, employees and consultants, as well as shares of common stock to non-employee directors.
The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. All options are charged against income at their fair value. The entire compensation expense of the award is recognized over the vesting period.
Shares of stock granted for director fees are recorded at the fair value of the shares at the grant date.
Restricted stock awards are equity classified and measured at the fair market value of the underlying stock at the grant date. The fair value of restricted stock awards vesting at certain market capitalization thresholds were estimated on the date of grant using the Brownian Motion Monte Carlo lattice model. The fair value of restricted stock awards with time-based vesting were estimated on the date of grant at the current stock price. The fair value of restricted stock awards vesting at certain annual sales growth thresholds were estimated as of the date of Board acknowledgement of the achievement, at the current stock price. We recognize restricted stock expense using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period and account for forfeitures as they occur.
Performance share units (“PSUs”) are equity classified and measured at the fair market value of the underlying stock at the grant date.
NET LOSS PER SHARE
The Company computes net loss per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted net loss per share are the same because the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents, which comprise the Company’s outstanding common stock options, unvested restricted stock units, performance stock units and warrants, would be anti-dilutive, due to the reporting of a net loss for each of the periods in the accompanying statements of operations.
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USE OF ESTIMATES IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Important estimates include but are not limited to asset lives, deferred tax valuation allowances, inventory valuation, expected credit losses, and customer rebate and incentive accruals. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire 2025 fiscal year.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Our revenues are derived from three business sources: (i) domestic core (which consists of US and Canada), (ii) international core, and (iii) pharma services and clinical trials. Our domestic and international core revenues consist of sales of our syringe drivers, tubing and needles (“Product Revenue”) for the delivery of subcutaneous drugs that are FDA cleared for use with the KORU Medical infusion system, with the primary delivery for immunoglobulin to treat Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (“PIDD”) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (“CIDP”). Pharma services and clinical trials consist of Product Revenue for feasibility/clinical trials (pre-clinical studies, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III) of biopharmaceutical companies in the drug development process as well as non-recurring engineering services (“NRE”) revenues (including testing and registration services) received from biopharmaceutical companies to ready or customize the FREEDOMTMSystem for clinical and commercial use across multiple drug categories.
For Product Revenue, we recognize revenues when shipment occurs, and at which point the customer obtains control and ownership of the goods. Shipping costs generally are billed to customers and are included in Product Revenue.
The Company generally does not accept return of goods shipped unless it is a Company error. The only credits provided to customers are for defective merchandise. The Company warrants the syringe driver from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and the warranty does not include a performance obligation. The costs under the warranty are expensed as incurred.
Rebates are provided to distributors for the difference in selling price to distributors and pricing specified to select customers. In addition, rebates are provided to customers for meeting growth targets. Provisions for both distributor pricing and customer growth rebates are variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period the related sales are recorded or when it is probable the growth target will be achieved.
We recognize NRE revenue under an input method, which recognizes revenue on the basis of our efforts or inputs (for example, resources consumed, labor hours expended, costs incurred, or time elapsed) to the satisfaction of a performance obligation relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation (i.e. completion milestone). The input method that we use is based on costs incurred.
Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements. Contract modifications exist when the modification either creates new, or changes existing, enforceable rights and obligations. Generally, when contract modifications create new performance obligations, the modification is considered to be a separate contract and revenue is recognized prospectively. When contract modifications change existing performance obligations, the impact on the existing transaction price and measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates is generally recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis. Contract assets primarily represent revenue earnings over time that are not yet billable based on the terms of the contracts. Contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) consist of fees invoiced or paid by the Company’s customers for which the associated performance obligations have not been satisfied and revenue has not been recognized based on the Company’s revenue recognition criteria described above. The Company has recognized a contact asset, which is included in other receivables in the accompanying balance sheet, of $161,190 and $222,623 as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The following table summarizes net revenues by geography for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024.
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ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS RECENTLY ADOPTED
The Company considers the applicability and impact of all recently issued accounting pronouncements. Recent accounting pronouncements not specifically identified in our disclosures are either not applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than the carrying amount. The impairment loss, if recognized, would be based on the excess of the carrying value of the impaired asset over its respective fair value. The Company did not record any impairment losses for the quarters ended June 30, 2025 nor June 30, 2024.
NOTE 2 — PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consists of the following at:
NOTE 3 — STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company maintains three equity incentive plans: the 2015 Stock Option Plan, as amended (the “2015 Plan”), the 2021 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), and the 2024 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”). All equity awards issued to employees, consultants, and non-employee directors on or after May 9, 2024 are issued from the 2024 Plan. The Company has also issued restricted stock and stock options as employment inducement awards outside of these plans to its Chief Executive Officer and former Chief Commercial Officer, respectively.
The 2015 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options. As of June 30, 2025, there were 2,035,000 shares reserved for outstanding awards under the 2015 Plan.
The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock awards, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance share units, stock appreciation rights, and/or other equity-based awards to employees, consultants and directors. As of June 30, 2025, there were 100,000 shares reserved for outstanding awards under the 2021 Plan.
The 2024 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock awards, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance share units, stock appreciation rights and/or other equity-based awards to employees, consultants and directors. Awards previously made under the 2015 Plan and the 2021 Plan that are forfeited or cancelled after May 9, 2024 will be available for issuance under the 2024 Plan. As of June 30, 2025, there were 1,361,150 shares reserved for outstanding awards and 1,651,911 shares available for issuance under the 2024 Plan.
Each non-employee director of the Company (other than the Chairman of the Board) is eligible to receive $110,000 annually, to be paid quarterly in arrears of $12,500 in cash and $15,000 in common stock. The Chairman of the Board is eligible to receive $140,000 annually, to be paid quarterly in arrears of $12,500 in cash and $22,500 in common stock. Prior to May 9, 2024 in the periods presented in this report, non-employee director equity compensation was issued from the Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan. From and after May 9, 2024 non-employee director equity compensation is issued from the 2024 Plan. All payments were and are pro-rated for partial service.
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Time-Vesting Stock Options
The following table summarizes the status of the time-based stock options outstanding at June 30, 2025:
Schedule of status of time based stock options
Total stock-based compensation expense for time-vested stock options, included in operating expense in the accompanying statement of operations, was $159,601 and $521,269 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively. No cash was received from option exercises for the six months ended June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2025, the intrinsic value of all time-based stock options was $1,414,464.
The following table presents information pertaining to time-based stock options outstanding at June 30, 2025:
Schedule of information pertaining to options outstanding
As of June 30, 2025, there was $1,174,249 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to time-vested stock option awards granted under the Plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 23 months.
Performance-Vesting Stock Options
The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested performance-vesting stock option awards for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
Total stock-based compensation expense for performance-vesting stock options was $0 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. No cash was received from option exercises for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
As of June 30, 2025, there was $0 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested employee performance-vesting stock options.
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Restricted Stock Awards, RSUs, and PSUs
The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested restricted stock awards, RSUs, and PSUs for the six months ended June 30, 2025.
Total stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock awards, RSUs, and PSUs, included in operating expense in the accompanying statement of operations, was $170,302and $398,162 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively.
As of June 30, 2025, there was $2,128,494 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested employee restricted stock awards, RSUs, and PSUs. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 26 months.
NOTE 4 — DEBT OBLIGATIONS
On March 8, 2024, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement with a large domestic banking institution, as lender, providing for a $5,000,000 revolving credit facility and a $5,000,000 term loan facility. Borrowings are secured by a first-priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company, subject to customary exceptions. On March 31, 2025 the loan and security agreement was amended to extend the maturity of the revolving credit facility to December 31, 2026 and the interest-only portion of the term loan facility to October 1, 2026. In addition, certain other covenants were also modified. As of June 30, 2025, there were no outstanding borrowings under the term loan nor the revolving credit facility.
NOTE 5 — LEASES
We have finance and operating leases for our corporate office, vehicles, and certain office and computer equipment.
The components of lease expense were as follows:
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Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:
NOTE 6 — INCOME TAXES
For interim income tax reporting, the Company estimates its annual effective tax rate and applies it to fiscal year-to-date pretax loss, excluding unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items. Tax jurisdictions with losses for which tax benefits cannot be realized are excluded. The Company reported an income tax expense of $17,356 and zerofor the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively.
We evaluate our deferred tax assets to determine if they are more likely than not to be realized by assessing both positive and negative evidence in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. After considering our cumulative pretax loss (the three-year period ending with the current year), as well as analyzing all available evidence, we maintained the full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. As we continue to assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets, reported pretax income and new evidence may result in a partial or full reduction of the valuation allowance in future periods.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state jurisdictions. Income tax returns for years prior to fiscal 2021 are no longer subject to examination by tax authorities. The Company was previously under audit for tax year 2022 but has since received notification from the Internal Revenue Services that the Company is no longer under audit.
NOTE 7 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company has been and continues to be involved in legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not presently a party to any litigation or other legal proceedings that is believed to be material to its financial condition.
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NOTE 8 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Newly enacted tariffs and other trade restrictions have recently been imposed by the United States and other countries around the world. At this time, we expect tariff-related charges to have a gross margin impact of less than 100 bps on an annualized basis.
The Company renewed its commercial insurance premium finance and security agreement with its insurance provider on July 16, 2025 with an aggregate principal amount of the note of $406,751, for the insurance period covering July 1, 2025 – June 30, 2026. The Company retains the right to terminate the agreement at any time and pay the remaining balance in full along with a minimal penalty.
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PART I — ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains, and our officers and representatives may from time to time make, certain “forward-looking” statements (as such term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) and information relating to us that are based on the beliefs of the management, as well as assumptions made and information currently available. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control.
Our actual results may vary materially from the forward-looking statements made in this report due to important factors such as uncertainties associated with inflation, tariffs, war and other geopolitical conflicts, customer ordering patterns, availability and costs of raw materials and labor and our ability to recover such costs, future operating results, growth of new patient starts and the Ig market, our compliance with Food and Drug Administration and foreign authority regulations and the outcome of regulatory audits, introduction of competitive products, acceptance of and demand for new and existing products, ability to penetrate new markets, success in enforcing and obtaining patents, reimbursement related risks, government regulation of the home health care industry, success of our research and development effort, expanding the market of FREEDOMTM System, demand in the SCIg market, availability of sufficient capital if or when needed, dependence on key personnel, and the impact of recent accounting pronouncements, as well as those risks and uncertainties described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. When used in this report, the words “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, which include, without limitation, statements regarding need for additional financing and impact of tariff-related charges. Such statements reflect current views with respect to future events based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. The Company does not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revision to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Throughout this report, the “Company,” “KORU Medical,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to KORU Medical Systems, Inc.
OVERVIEW
The Company develops, manufactures and markets proprietary portable and innovative medical devices primarily for the subcutaneous drug delivery market as governed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) quality and regulatory system and international regulations and standards for quality system management.
Our revenues derive from three business sources: (i) domestic core (which consists of US and Canada), (ii) international core, and (iii) pharma services and clinical trials. Our domestic core and international core revenues consist of sales of our products for the delivery of subcutaneous drugs that are FDA cleared for use with the FREEDOMTM System, with the primary delivery for immunoglobulin to treat Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (“PIDD”) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (“CIDP”). Pharma services and clinical trials revenues consist of product revenues from our infusion system (syringe drivers, tubing and needles) for feasibility/clinical trials (pre-clinical studies, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III) of biopharmaceutical companies in the drug development process as well as non-recurring engineering services revenues (“NRE”) received from biopharmaceutical companies to ready or customize the FREEDOMTM System for clinical and commercial use.
The Company ended the second quarter of 2025 with $10.2 million in net revenues, a 20.9% increase compared to $8.4 million in the same period last year. Revenues were driven by growth in our core domestic and international business of 15.3% and 33.9%, respectively, as well as with an increase of 42.1% in our pharma services and clinical trials business.
Gross profit for the second quarter of 2025 was $6.5 million, an 18.2% increase compared to $5.5 million in the same period last year, primarily driven by additional revenue from volume growth in our core domestic and international businesses. Gross margin was 63.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2025, a decrease from 65.0% in the prior year period due to a one-time inventory valuation adjustment in the prior year. We define gross margin as gross profit stated as a percentage of net revenues.
Operating expenses for the second quarter of 2025 were $6.8 million, compared to $6.7 million for the same period last year, driven by an increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses, and research and development expenses.
During the second quarter of 2025, we incurred tariff-related charges of $0.1 million. At this time, we expect tariff-related charges to have a gross margin impact of less than 100 bps on an annualized basis.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to June 30, 2024
Net Revenues
The following table summarizes our net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024:
Total net revenues increased $1.8 million, or 20.9%, to $10.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $8.4 million in the prior year period. Domestic core revenues were $7.1 million, an increase of 15.3% over the prior year period, primarily due to higher consumable volumes, driven by new patient starts and market share gains from new and existing accounts, supported by a strong underlying SCIg market. International core revenues were $2.2 million, an increase of 33.9% over the prior year period, primarily due to higher consumable and pump volumes, driven by prefill patient conversions, new patient starts, and market share gains within existing markets, and entry into new geographic markets. Pharma services and clinical trials net revenues were $0.9 million, an increase of 42.1% over the prior year period, primarily driven by higher revenues from product sales for clinical trials.
Gross Profit
Our gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
Gross profit increased $1.0 million, or 18.2%, to $6.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $5.5 million in the prior year period. Gross margin decreased to 63.5% in the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to 65.0% in the prior year period. The decrease in gross margin was primarily driven by a favorable inventory valuation adjustment that occurred in the prior year period and tariff related charges in the current year, partially offset by volume efficiencies, and stronger margins in our pharma services and clinical trial business due to revenue mix.
Operating Expenses
Our selling, general and administrative, research and development and depreciation and amortization expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $0.06 million, or 1.2%, to $5.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $5.3 million in the prior year period. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily driven by increases in recruiting expenses related to the Chief Commercial Officer search, partially offset by lower compensation-related expenses related to timing of hiring that role.
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Research and development expenses increased $0.06 million, or 5.3%, to $1.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $1.1 million in the prior year period, primarily due to higher temporary headcount spend related to our new product development.
Depreciation and amortization expense remained flat at $0.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $0.2 million in the prior year period.
Net Loss
Our net loss decreased to $0.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by an increase in gross profit of $1.0 million due to increased revenues, partially offset by an operating expense increase of $0.1 million.
Six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to June 30, 2024
The following table summarizes our net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024:
Total net revenues increased $3.2 million, or 19.3% to $19.8 million, for the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with the same prior year period. Domestic core revenues increased by 15.8% to $14.0 million, primarily due to volume growth in pumps and consumables, driven by new patients starts and market share gains. International core revenues increased by 34.8% to $4.6 million, primarily due to higher consumable and pump volumes, driven by prefill patient conversions, new patient starts, and market share gains within existing markets, and entry into new geographic markets. Pharma services and clinical trials net revenues increased by $0.1 million, or 8.8% to $1.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the prior year period, driven by Phase 3 clinical trial orders.
Our gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
Gross profit increased by $1.9 million or 18.3% in the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with the same prior year period. The increase in the first half of 2025 was driven by an increase in net revenues of $3.2 million as described above. Gross margin decreased to 63.1% in the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with 63.6% in the prior year period. The decrease in gross margin was primarily driven by a favorable inventory valuation adjustment that occurred in the prior year period and tariff related charges in the current year, partially offset by volume efficiencies.
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Our selling, general and administrative, research and development and depreciation and amortization expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $0.7 million, or 6.2%, during the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with the prior year period, primarily due to increases in compensation and benefits expense, legal, and audit fees.
Research and development expenses decreased $0.3 million, or 11.5% during the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with the same prior year period, primarily due to lower project spend for outsourced activities.
Depreciation and amortization expense remained flat at $0.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with $0.4 million in the same prior year period.
Our net loss decreased $1.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared with the same prior year period, mostly driven by an increase in gross profit of $1.9 million or 18.3%, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses of $0.3 million or 2.5%.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our principal source of liquidity is our cash on hand of $8.1 million as of June 30, 2025. Our principal source of operating cash inflows is from sales of our products. Our principal cash outflows relate to the purchase and production of inventory, funding of research and development, and selling, general and administrative expenses. To develop new products, support future growth, achieve operating efficiencies, and maintain product quality, we are continuing to invest in research and development and manufacturing equipment.
Our inventory position was $3.9 million at June 30, 2025, which reflects an increase of $1.1 million from December 31, 2024.
We expect that our cash on hand and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our requirements at least through the next twelve months. Continued execution on our longer-term strategic plan may require the Company to draw on our credit facility, take on additional debt, raise capital through issuance of equity, or utilize a combination of the above. Our future capital requirements may vary from those currently planned and will depend on many factors, including our rate of sales growth, the timing and extent of spending on various strategic initiatives including research and development, our international expansion, the timing of new product introductions, market acceptance of our solutions, and overall economic conditions including inflation and the potential impact of global supply imbalances on the global financial markets. To the extent that current and anticipated future sources of liquidity are or are expected to be insufficient to fund our future business activities and requirements, we may be required to draw on our new credit facility or seek additional equity or debt financing sooner. There can be no assurance the Company will be able to obtain the financing or raise the capital required to fund its operations or planned expansion.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows:
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Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $0.3 million in the prior year period. This net cash usage of $0.7 million was primarily due to the net loss of $1.3 million, a decrease in accounts receivable and contract assets of $0.9 million and an increase in prepaid expenses of $0.4 million, offset by increases in inventory of $1.1 million and decreases in accounts payable of $0.6 million. Additional offsets to the net loss were non-cash items including stock-based compensation expense of $1.1 million, and depreciation and amortization expense of $0.4 million.
Net cash used in operating activities was $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $4.8 million in the prior year. This net cash usage of $0.3 million was primarily due to the net loss of $2.9 million and an increase in accounts receivable of $1.8 million, which was mostly offset by decreases in inventory of $0.9 million, decreases in pre-paid expenses of $0.8 million, and increases in accounts payable and accruals of $1.0 million. Additional offsets to the net loss were non-cash items including stock-based compensation expense of $1.3 million, and depreciation and amortization expense of $0.4 million.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities of $0.5 million for the six months ending June 30, 2025, was due to capital expenditures related to purchases of manufacturing equipment for our new consumable and pump production lines.
Net cash used in investing activities of $0.3 million for the six months ending June 30, 2024, was for capital expenditures for research and development and manufacturing equipment.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities of $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was primarily due to payments on our note payable for insurance premium financing.
Net cash used in financing activities of $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was due to payments on our note payable for insurance premium financing.
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED
Refer to “NOTE 1 — NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” in the accompanying financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company’s management, including the Company’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as such is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon their evaluations, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective for the purpose of ensuring that the information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) (1) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the six months ended June 30, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in “PART 1, ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending March 31, 2025, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our common stock.
PART II – ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.
* Denotes management compensatory agreement or arrangement.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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