UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019
or
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 1-9861
M&T BANK CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
New York
16-0968385
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
One M & T Plaza
Buffalo, New York
14203
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code:
(716) 635-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Trading Symbols
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $.50 par value
MTB
New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
Number of shares of the registrant's Common Stock, $0.50 par value, outstanding as of the close of business on October 31, 2019: 131,960,084 shares.
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2019
Table of Contents of Information Required in Report
Page
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
Financial Statements.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET – September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
3
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME – Three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME – Three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS – Nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
6
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY – Three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
7
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
9
Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
55
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
91
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures.
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Legal Proceedings.
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
92
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Mine Safety Disclosures.
Item 5.
Other Information.
Item 6.
Exhibits.
93
SIGNATURES
- 2 -
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
M&T BANK CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Unaudited)
September 30,
December 31,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share)
2019
2018
Assets
Cash and due from banks
$
1,818,861
1,605,439
Interest-bearing deposits at banks
12,495,524
8,105,197
Federal funds sold
200
—
Trading account
614,256
185,584
Investment securities (includes pledged securities that can be sold or repledged of
$196,419 at September 30, 2019; $487,365 at December 31, 2018)
Available for sale (cost: $6,934,709 at September 30, 2019;
$8,869,423 at December 31, 2018)
6,985,417
8,682,509
Held to maturity (fair value: $3,075,304 at September 30, 2019;
$3,255,483 at December 31, 2018)
3,031,299
3,316,640
Equity and other securities (cost: $619,894 at September 30, 2019;
$677,187 at December 31, 2018)
660,867
693,664
Total investment securities
10,677,583
12,692,813
Loans and leases
90,084,230
88,733,492
Unearned discount
(261,037
)
(267,015
Loans and leases, net of unearned discount
89,823,193
88,466,477
Allowance for credit losses
(1,038,437
(1,019,444
Loans and leases, net
88,784,756
87,447,033
Premises and equipment
1,074,181
647,408
Goodwill
4,593,112
Core deposit and other intangible assets
33,339
47,067
Accrued interest and other assets
5,409,114
4,773,750
Total assets
125,500,926
120,097,403
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits
31,766,724
32,256,668
Savings and interest-checking deposits
55,581,533
50,963,744
Time deposits
6,203,679
6,124,254
Deposits at Cayman Islands office
1,561,997
811,906
Total deposits
95,113,933
90,156,572
Short-term borrowings
5,513,896
4,398,378
Accrued interest and other liabilities
2,090,762
1,637,348
Long-term borrowings
7,002,524
8,444,914
Total liabilities
109,721,115
104,637,212
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, $1.00 par, 1,000,000 shares authorized;
Issued and outstanding: Liquidation preference of $1,000 per
share: 350,000 shares at September 30, 2019 and 731,500 shares
at December 31, 2018; Liquidation preference of $10,000 per share:
90,000 shares at September 30, 2019 and 50,000 shares at December 31, 2018
1,250,000
1,231,500
Common stock, $.50 par, 250,000,000 shares authorized,
159,741,898 shares issued at September 30, 2019;
159,765,044 shares issued at December 31, 2018
79,871
79,883
Common stock issuable, 21,461 shares at September 30, 2019;
24,563 shares at December 31, 2018
1,547
1,726
Additional paid-in capital
6,584,705
6,579,342
Retained earnings
12,490,233
11,516,672
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net
(80,308
(420,081
Treasury stock — common, at cost — 27,485,996 shares at September 30, 2019;
21,255,275 shares at December 31, 2018
(4,546,237
(3,528,851
Total shareholders’ equity
15,779,811
15,460,191
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
- 3 -
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30
Nine Months Ended September 30
(In thousands, except per share)
Interest income
Loans and leases, including fees
1,119,662
1,060,832
3,363,152
3,065,272
Investment securities
Fully taxable
69,059
80,118
225,048
244,989
Exempt from federal taxes
98
153
270
573
Deposits at banks
40,388
26,000
104,120
66,546
Other
262
272
1,101
1,050
Total interest income
1,229,469
1,167,375
3,693,691
3,378,430
Interest expense
104,724
56,156
272,419
145,421
25,456
12,976
71,468
35,274
6,218
1,556
16,995
2,479
6,967
1,600
21,573
3,866
56,214
66,049
189,805
178,048
Total interest expense
199,579
138,337
572,260
365,088
Net interest income
1,029,890
1,029,038
3,121,431
3,013,342
Provision for credit losses
45,000
16,000
122,000
94,000
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
984,890
1,013,038
2,999,431
2,919,342
Other income
Mortgage banking revenues
137,004
88,408
339,636
268,213
Service charges on deposit accounts
111,092
108,647
321,991
320,546
Trust income
143,915
133,545
421,083
402,561
Brokerage services income
12,077
12,267
37,031
38,288
Trading account and foreign exchange gains
16,072
6,073
45,327
15,965
Gain (loss) on bank investment securities
3,737
(3,415
24,489
(10,520
Other revenues from operations
103,882
113,769
351,082
340,351
Total other income
527,779
459,294
1,540,639
1,375,404
Other expense
Salaries and employee benefits
476,780
431,371
1,431,717
1,313,336
Equipment and net occupancy
82,690
77,481
241,187
225,309
Outside data processing and software
60,360
50,678
168,011
148,819
FDIC assessments
9,906
18,849
29,104
58,689
Advertising and marketing
22,088
21,784
66,409
59,800
Printing, postage and supplies
10,201
8,843
30,380
26,881
Amortization of core deposit and other intangible assets
5,088
6,143
15,185
19,163
Other costs of operations
210,506
160,830
663,006
633,903
Total other expense
877,619
775,979
2,644,999
2,485,900
Income before taxes
635,050
696,353
1,895,071
1,808,846
Income taxes
154,969
170,262
458,988
436,985
Net income
480,081
526,091
1,436,083
1,371,861
Net income available to common shareholders
Basic
461,410
505,363
1,376,128
1,310,697
Diluted
505,365
1,376,129
1,310,703
Net income per common share
3.47
3.54
10.16
9.01
3.53
9.00
Average common shares outstanding
132,965
142,822
135,411
145,424
132,999
142,976
135,443
145,605
- 4 -
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax and
reclassification adjustments:
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities
22,605
(30,381
177,049
(167,798
Cash flow hedges adjustments
8,695
(961
155,666
(13,972
Foreign currency translation adjustments
(1,704
(265
(2,104
(1,409
Defined benefit plans liability adjustments
3,054
7,149
9,162
21,447
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
32,650
(24,458
339,773
(161,732
Total comprehensive income
512,731
501,633
1,775,856
1,210,129
- 5 -
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment
155,721
80,186
Amortization of capitalized servicing rights
53,137
36,567
Provision for deferred income taxes
16,683
(73,410
Asset write-downs
53,850
7,398
Net gain on sales of assets
(13,938
(17,681
Net change in accrued interest receivable, payable
8,771
(30,178
Net change in other accrued income and expense
(75,564
125,478
Net change in loans originated for sale
(20,325
(252,981
Net change in trading account assets and liabilities
(524,755
179,214
Net cash provided by operating activities
1,226,848
1,539,617
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sales of investment securities
Available for sale
418
Equity and other securities
878,405
649,204
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities
1,932,168
1,415,214
Held to maturity
787,655
374,718
Purchases of investment securities
(9,791
(9,197
(495,277
(444,703
(821,120
(644,404
Net (increase) decrease in loans and leases
(1,484,135
1,443,623
Net increase in interest-bearing deposits at banks
(4,390,327
(1,444,843
Capital expenditures, net
(119,522
(59,302
Net (increase) decrease in loan servicing advances
(333,079
267,074
Other, net
55,356
(11,072
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities
(3,999,667
1,536,730
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
4,959,327
(3,289,371
Net increase in short-term borrowings
1,115,518
1,135,011
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
1,773,189
Payments on long-term borrowings
(1,552,533
(707,594
Purchases of treasury stock
(1,067,575
(1,694,562
Dividends paid — common
(406,967
(371,380
Dividends paid — preferred
(54,642
(53,628
Proceeds from issuance of Series G preferred stock
396,000
Redemption of Series A and Series C preferred stock
(381,500
(21,187
22,711
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities
2,986,441
(3,185,624
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
213,622
(109,277
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
1,420,888
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
1,819,061
1,311,611
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest received during the period
3,700,206
3,360,710
Interest paid during the period
577,291
381,137
Income taxes paid during the period
302,441
197,247
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans
66,018
50,849
Securitization of residential mortgage loans allocated to
Available-for-sale investment securities
5,379
17,606
Capitalized servicing rights
83
275
Adoption of lease accounting standard
Right-of-use assets
393,877
Other liabilities
398,810
Additions to right-of-use assets under operating leases
69,305
- 6 -
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
Accumulated
Common
Additional
Comprehensive
Preferred
Stock
Paid-in
Retained
Income
Treasury
Dollars in thousands, except per share
Issuable
Capital
Earnings
(Loss), Net
Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Balance — July 1, 2019
1,526
6,577,603
12,162,278
(112,958
(4,247,993
15,691,827
Preferred stock cash dividends
(19,144
Issuance of Series G preferred stock
400,000
(4,000
(299,963
Stock-based compensation plans:
Compensation expense, net
11,197
500
11,697
Exercises of stock options, net
(135
734
599
Directors’ stock plan
11
485
496
Deferred compensation plans, net,
including dividend equivalents
21
(21
Performance share unit dividends
29
(29
Common stock cash dividends —
$1.00 per share
(132,932
Balance — September 30, 2019
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Balance — January 1, 2019
(55,404
(12
12,728
27,836
40,552
(2,953
8,279
5,326
Stock purchase plan
(67
11,899
11,832
(105
1,669
1,564
(179
(327
(64
506
87
(87
$3.00 per share
(continued)
- 7 -
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited), CONTINUED
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Balance — July 1, 2018
79,884
1,691
6,579,395
10,763,638
(517,941
(2,560,282
15,577,885
(18,130
Exercise of 22,291 Series A stock
warrants into 12,758 shares of
common stock
(2,117
2,117
(498,500
(1
9,030
673
9,702
(880
7,002
6,122
19
585
604
25
(25
(143,231
Balance — September 30, 2018
1,716
6,585,447
11,128,343
(542,399
(3,048,405
15,436,085
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Balance — January 1, 2018
79,909
1,847
6,590,855
10,164,804
(363,814
(1,454,282
16,250,819
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle — equity
securities
16,853
(16,853
(54,390
Exercise of 76,517 Series A stock
warrants into 45,426 shares of
(7,240
7,240
(26
2,836
22,338
25,148
(3,282
60,075
56,793
2,358
8,766
11,124
168
1,628
1,796
(131
(248
(62
392
(49
$2.55 per share
(370,723
- 8 -
1. Significant accounting policies
The consolidated interim financial statements of M&T Bank Corporation (“M&T”) and subsidiaries (“the Company”) were compiled in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) using the accounting policies set forth in note 1 of Notes to Financial Statements included in Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (“2018 Annual Report”), except that effective January 1, 2019 the Company adopted accounting guidance that is discussed in notes 3, 4 and 17 herein. The financial statements contain all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented.
2. Investment securities
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted amended guidance requiring equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statement of income. This amended guidance excludes equity method investments, investments in consolidated subsidiaries, exchange membership ownership interests, and Federal Home Loan Bank of New York and Federal Reserve Bank of New York capital stock. Upon adoption the Company reclassified $17 million, after-tax effect, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings, representing the difference between fair value and the cost basis of equity investments with readily determinable fair values at January 1, 2018.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities were as follows:
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
September 30, 2019
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
359,723
66
395
359,394
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
933
934
Mortgage-backed securities:
Government issued or guaranteed
6,435,730
88,522
29,352
6,494,900
Privately issued
16
Other debt securities
138,307
1,373
9,507
130,173
6,934,709
89,965
39,257
Investment securities held to maturity:
498,776
956
499,732
4,775
4,796
2,424,716
53,076
1,879
2,475,913
99,679
11,791
19,960
91,510
3,353
65,844
21,839
3,075,304
Total debt securities
9,966,008
155,809
61,096
10,060,721
Equity and other securities:
Readily marketable equity — at fair value
109,131
41,152
179
150,104
Other — at cost
510,763
Total equity and other securities
619,894
- 9 -
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONTINUED
2. Investment securities, continued
December 31, 2018
1,346,782
9,851
1,336,931
1,660
1,659
7,383,340
15,754
182,103
7,216,991
24
2
22
137,617
770
11,481
126,906
8,869,423
16,528
203,442
446,542
239
446,303
7,494
12
7,504
2,745,776
4,165
55,111
2,694,830
113,160
12,345
22,327
103,178
3,668
16,532
77,689
3,255,483
12,186,063
33,060
281,131
11,937,992
77,440
17,295
818
93,917
599,747
677,187
There were no significant gross realized gains or losses from sales of investment securities for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Net unrealized gains recorded as gain (loss) on bank investment securities in the consolidated statement of income during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were $4 million and $24 million, respectively, compared with net unrealized losses of $3 million and $11 million during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
- 10 -
At September 30, 2019, the amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity were as follows:
Debt securities available for sale:
Due in one year or less
355,210
354,825
Due after one year through five years
11,470
11,585
Due after five years through ten years
102,283
100,091
Due after ten years
30,000
24,000
498,963
490,501
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
6,435,746
6,494,916
Debt securities held to maturity:
500,476
501,438
3,075
3,090
506,904
507,881
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
2,524,395
2,567,423
- 11 -
A summary of investment securities that as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and those that had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or longer follows:
Less Than 12 Months
12 Months or More
Fair
Value
352,482
(395
375
(3
240,208
(589
2,107,684
(28,763
20,290
(563
77,140
(8,944
260,498
(1,152
2,537,681
(38,105
165,983
(1,879
49,824
(19,960
215,807
(21,839
2,753,488
(59,944
273
(2
1,335,559
(9,849
629
(5
405,558
(2,892
5,646,773
(179,211
53,478
(2,187
66,014
(9,294
459,960
(5,088
7,048,346
(198,354
(239
3,126
179,354
(989
2,082,723
(54,122
51,943
(22,327
625,657
(1,228
2,137,792
(76,461
1,085,617
(6,316
9,186,138
(274,815
The Company owned 657 individual debt securities with aggregate gross unrealized losses of $61 million at September 30, 2019. Based on a review of each of the securities in the investment securities portfolio at September 30, 2019, the Company concluded that it expected to recover the amortized cost basis of its investment. As of September 30, 2019, the Company does not intend to sell nor is it anticipated that it would be required to sell any of its impaired investment securities at a loss. At September 30, 2019, the Company has not identified events or changes in circumstances which may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the $511 million of cost method equity securities.
- 12 -
3. Loans and leases and the allowance for credit losses
A summary of current, past due and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 follows:
Current
30-89 Days
Past Due
Accruing
Loans Past
Due 90
Days or
More (a)
Loans
Acquired at
a Discount
90 days
or More (b)
Purchased
Impaired (c)
Nonaccrual
Commercial, financial, leasing, etc.
22,689,923
125,742
2,898
382,809
23,201,372
Real estate:
Commercial
25,613,988
186,157
8,387
15
14,406
184,632
26,007,585
Residential builder and developer
1,546,570
6,300
639
4,975
1,558,484
Other commercial construction
7,229,925
112,651
4,291
854
31,441
7,379,162
Residential
12,975,992
495,831
439,649
5,246
162,475
223,566
14,302,759
Residential — limited
documentation
1,968,580
72,815
75,122
81,679
2,198,196
Consumer:
Home equity lines and loans
4,486,664
29,826
3,387
59,915
4,579,792
Recreational finance
5,262,857
27,880
11,852
5,302,589
Automobile
3,767,965
74,504
21,039
3,863,508
1,373,612
14,771
5,937
32,085
3,341
1,429,746
86,916,076
1,146,477
461,162
40,733
253,496
1,005,249
22,701,020
39,798
2,567
234,423
22,977,976
25,250,983
134,474
11,457
10
9,769
203,672
25,610,365
1,665,178
20,333
4,798
1,690,309
6,982,077
43,615
14,344
641
22,205
7,062,882
13,591,790
404,808
189,682
6,650
203,044
233,352
14,629,326
2,278,040
72,544
89,851
84,685
2,525,120
4,758,513
25,416
5,033
71,292
4,860,254
4,085,781
29,947
235
11,199
4,127,162
3,555,757
79,804
23,359
3,658,920
1,271,811
15,598
4,477
27,654
4,623
1,324,163
86,140,950
866,337
222,527
39,750
303,305
893,608
(a)
Excludes loans acquired at a discount.
(b)
Loans acquired at a discount that were recorded at fair value at acquisition date. This category does not include purchased impaired loans that are presented separately.
(c)
Accruing loans acquired at a discount that were impaired at acquisition date and recorded at fair value.
- 13 -
3. Loans and leases and the allowance for credit losses, continued
One-to-four family residential mortgage loans held for sale were $391 million and $205 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Commercial real estate loans held for sale were $197 million at September 30, 2019 and $347 million at December 31, 2018.
The outstanding principal balance and the carrying amount of loans acquired at a discount that were recorded at fair value at the acquisition date and included in the consolidated balance sheet were as follows:
Outstanding principal balance
869,636
1,016,785
Carrying amount:
22,829
27,073
Commercial real estate
110,430
135,047
Residential real estate
398,563
473,511
Consumer
89,157
91,860
620,979
727,491
Purchased impaired loans included in the table above totaled $253 million at September 30, 2019 and $303 million at December 31, 2018, representing less than 1% of the Company’s assets as of each date. A summary of changes in the accretable yield for loans acquired at a discount for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 follows:
Impaired
Acquired
Balance at beginning of period
147,104
90,911
149,388
117,715
(9,564
(9,238
(8,105
(18,001
Reclassifications from nonaccretable balance
9,079
3,990
8,445
Other (a)
41
2,001
Balance at end of period
146,619
85,704
149,728
101,740
147,210
96,907
157,918
133,162
(37,278
(28,621
(25,893
(48,507
36,687
12,312
17,703
11,230
5,106
5,855
Other changes in expected cash flows including changes in interest rates and prepayment assumptions.
- 14 -
Changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 were as follows:
Commercial,
Financial,
Real Estate
Leasing, etc.
Unallocated
Beginning balance
335,855
343,296
61,011
211,220
78,485
1,029,867
24,538
(16,713
(309
37,735
(251
Net charge-offs
Charge-offs
(15,678
(1,107
(2,721
(40,735
(60,241
Recoveries
6,730
1,656
1,511
13,914
23,811
Net (charge-offs) recoveries
(8,948
549
(1,210
(26,821
(36,430
Ending balance
351,445
327,132
59,492
222,134
78,234
1,038,437
Changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were as follows:
Commercial, Financial,
328,830
353,761
76,123
182,987
77,547
1,019,248
(6,972
(11,394
741
32,887
738
(11,792
(1,941
(3,338
(34,995
(52,066
7,123
14,577
1,655
12,951
36,306
(4,669
12,636
(1,683
(22,044
(15,760
317,189
355,003
75,181
193,830
78,285
1,019,488
Changes in the allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were as follows:
330,055
341,655
69,125
200,564
78,045
1,019,444
41,146
(6,415
(5,132
92,212
189
(40,786
(11,555
(9,356
(113,050
(174,747
21,030
3,447
4,855
42,408
71,740
(19,756
(8,108
(4,501
(70,642
(103,007
- 15 -
Changes in the allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were as follows:
328,599
374,085
65,405
170,809
78,300
1,017,198
11,508
(27,464
16,469
93,502
(15
(41,273
(7,855
(11,658
(105,479
(166,265
18,355
16,237
4,965
34,998
74,555
(22,918
8,382
(6,693
(70,481
(91,710
Despite the allocation in the preceding tables, the allowance for credit losses is general in nature and is available to absorb losses from any loan or lease type.
In establishing the allowance for credit losses, the Company estimates losses attributable to specific troubled credits identified through both normal and targeted credit review processes and also estimates losses inherent in other loans and leases on a collective basis. For purposes of determining the level of the allowance for credit losses, the Company evaluates its loan and lease portfolio by loan type. The amounts of loss components in the Company’s loan and lease portfolios are determined through a loan-by-loan analysis of larger balance commercial loans and commercial real estate loans that are in nonaccrual status and by applying loss factors to groups of loan balances based on loan type and management’s classification of such loans under the Company’s loan grading system. Measurement of the specific loss components is typically based on expected future cash flows, collateral values and other factors that may impact the borrower’s ability to pay. In determining the allowance for credit losses, the Company utilizes a loan grading system which is applied to commercial and commercial real estate credits on an individual loan basis. Loan grades are assigned loss component factors that reflect the Company’s loss estimate for each group of loans and leases. Factors considered in assigning loan grades and loss component factors include borrower-specific information related to expected future cash flows and operating results, collateral values, geographic location, financial condition and performance, payment status, and other information; levels of and trends in portfolio charge-offs and recoveries; levels of and trends in portfolio delinquencies and impaired loans; changes in the risk profile of specific portfolios; trends in volume and terms of loans; effects of changes in credit concentrations; and observed trends and practices in the banking industry.
- 16 -
Information with respect to loans and leases that were considered impaired as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 follows.
Recorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
With an allowance recorded:
245,355
273,931
60,410
153,478
175,549
46,034
60,489
67,104
7,711
110,253
125,117
11,937
8,893
9,311
319
5,981
6,557
462
12,821
25,437
1,477
10,563
11,113
640
125,498
146,098
6,748
124,974
147,817
5,402
Residential — limited documentation
67,729
81,918
2,600
74,156
90,066
3,000
46,858
51,759
8,923
47,982
53,248
9,135
5,483
9,481
1,153
6,138
9,163
1,261
3,478
3,526
708
3,527
3,599
729
4,699
9,620
943
5,203
8,380
1,046
581,303
678,185
90,992
542,255
630,609
79,646
With no related allowance recorded:
159,991
172,191
105,507
136,128
144,554
163,120
113,376
124,657
3,378
2,593
2,602
18,620
19,614
11,710
11,880
18,949
24,350
15,379
20,496
4,007
7,324
5,631
9,796
349,499
389,977
254,196
305,559
Total:
405,346
446,122
258,985
311,677
205,043
230,224
223,629
249,774
12,271
12,689
8,574
9,159
45,051
22,273
22,993
144,447
170,448
140,353
168,313
71,736
89,242
79,787
99,862
930,802
1,068,162
796,451
936,168
- 17 -
Interest Income
Recognized
Average
Cash
Basis
288,516
836
256,196
1,985
201,931
1,798
204,315
1,489
11,837
89
9,000
32,458
13
9,623
3,379
143,508
2,353
984
133,337
1,959
773
72,926
1,348
229
81,729
1,607
481
46,982
416
74
48,542
421
62
5,562
147
3,531
65
1
3,413
54
18
7,805
181
20
5,220
145
3,919
61
812,353
7,199
4,046
757,997
11,147
8,195
275,896
7,501
266,594
4,101
214,027
4,921
184,795
8,447
10,101
9,111
1,682
25,126
589
9,056
3,438
142,155
6,765
2,654
126,910
6,190
2,612
75,702
4,153
655
83,700
4,763
1,494
47,325
1,238
193
48,661
1,268
220
5,799
414
2,156
3,465
161
11,189
630
49
5,155
409
2,389
106
804,751
26,390
16,829
744,561
30,818
22,055
Commercial loans and commercial real estate loans with a lower expectation of default are assigned one of ten possible “pass” loan grades and are generally ascribed lower loss factors when determining the allowance for credit losses. Loans with an elevated level of credit risk are classified as “criticized” and are ascribed a higher loss factor when determining the allowance for credit losses. Criticized loans may be classified as “nonaccrual” if the Company no longer expects to collect all amounts according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is delinquent 90 days or more. Furthermore, criticized nonaccrual commercial loans and commercial real estate loans are considered impaired and, as a result, specific loss allowances on such loans are established within the allowance for credit losses to the extent appropriate in each individual instance.
- 18 -
The following table summarizes the loan grades applied to the various classes of the Company’s commercial loans and commercial real estate loans.
Builder and
Developer
Construction
Pass
21,893,239
25,095,663
1,447,978
7,122,983
Criticized accrual
925,324
727,291
105,531
224,738
Criticized nonaccrual
26,007,586
21,693,705
24,539,706
1,546,002
6,890,562
1,049,848
866,987
139,509
150,115
In determining the allowance for credit losses, residential real estate loans and consumer loans are generally evaluated collectively after considering such factors as payment performance and recent loss experience and trends, which are mainly driven by current collateral values in the market place as well as the amount of loan defaults. Loss rates on such loans are determined by reference to recent charge-off history and are evaluated (and adjusted if deemed appropriate) through consideration of other factors including near-term forecasted loss estimates developed by the Company’s credit department. In arriving at such forecasts, the Company considers the current estimated fair value of its collateral based on geographical adjustments for home price depreciation/appreciation and overall borrower repayment performance. With regard to collateral values, the realizability of such values by the Company contemplates repayment of any first lien position prior to recovering amounts on a second lien position. However, residential real estate loans and outstanding balances of home equity loans and lines of credit that are more than 150 days past due are generally evaluated for collectibility on a loan-by-loan basis giving consideration to estimated collateral values. The carrying value of residential real estate loans and home equity loans and lines of credit for which a partial charge-off has been recognized totaled $26 million and $20 million, respectively, at September 30, 2019 and $29 million and $23 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018. Residential real estate loans and home equity loans and lines of credit that were more than 150 days past due but did not require a partial charge-off because the net realizable value of the collateral exceeded the outstanding customer balance were $19 million and $29 million, respectively, at September 30, 2019 and $21 million and $31 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018.
The Company also measures additional losses for purchased impaired loans when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all cash flows expected at acquisition plus additional cash flows expected to be collected arising from changes in estimates after acquisition. The determination of the allocated portion of the allowance for credit losses is very subjective. Given that inherent subjectivity and potential imprecision involved in determining the allocated portion of the allowance for credit losses, the Company also provides an inherent unallocated portion of the allowance. The unallocated portion of the allowance is intended to recognize probable losses that are not otherwise identifiable and includes management’s subjective determination of amounts necessary to provide for the possible use of imprecise estimates in determining the allocated portion of the allowance. Therefore, the level of the unallocated portion of the allowance is primarily reflective of the inherent imprecision in the various calculations used in determining the allocated portion of the allowance for credit losses. Other factors that could also lead to changes in the unallocated portion include the effects of expansion into new markets for which the Company does not have the same degree of familiarity and experience regarding portfolio performance in changing market conditions, the introduction of new loan and lease product types, and other risks associated with the Company’s loan portfolio that may not be specifically identifiable.
- 19 -
The allocation of the allowance for credit losses summarized on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology was as follows:
Individually evaluated for impairment
9,348
11,727
Collectively evaluated for impairment
291,035
317,625
44,766
210,407
863,833
Purchased impaired
5,378
Allocated
960,203
13,039
8,402
12,171
284,021
328,616
48,326
188,393
849,356
12,397
941,399
The recorded investment in loans and leases summarized on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology was as follows:
248,755
216,183
60,518
22,796,026
34,680,577
16,047,175
15,115,117
88,638,895
15,899
237,597
34,945,231
16,500,955
15,175,635
254,476
220,140
62,850
22,718,991
34,098,670
16,641,411
13,907,649
87,366,721
10,410
292,895
34,363,556
17,154,446
13,970,499
During the normal course of business, the Company modifies loans to maximize recovery efforts. If the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and a concession is granted, the Company considers such modifications as troubled debt restructurings and classifies those loans as either nonaccrual loans or renegotiated loans. The types of concessions that the Company grants typically include principal deferrals and interest rate concessions, but may also include other types of concessions.
- 20 -
The table that follows summarizes the Company’s loan modification activities that were considered troubled debt restructurings for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:
Post-modification (a)
Number
Pre-
modification Recorded Investment
Principal Deferral
Interest Rate Reduction
Combination of Concession Types
(Dollars in thousands)
26
6,145
1,441
4,666
6,107
2,986
383
2,589
2,972
5,161
3,046
2,535
5,581
236
240
1,392
1,399
457
28
97
16,466
5,388
16,845
47
6,837
1,683
5,018
6,706
11,581
1,493
3,475
6,297
11,265
34
8,182
6,026
3,002
9,028
716
847
17
1,651
1,450
1,670
44
30
526
151
29,537
9,992
16,614
30,086
- 21 -
115
39,357
8,582
30,827
39,409
38
22,567
3,947
18,197
22,144
1,330
1,068
1,456
63
16,490
8,805
8,842
17,647
1,084
399
705
1,104
32
3,141
90
3,078
3,168
8
164
58
991
926
322
86,580
23,981
63,113
87,094
150
96,221
47,029
658
6,111
43,086
96,884
25,561
14,693
175
3,869
7,224
25,961
752
746
111
28,769
15,785
15,670
31,455
1,595
467
1,423
1,890
3,554
224
3,357
3,581
57
1,007
995
438
157,552
80,032
833
9,980
70,772
161,617
Financial effects impacting the recorded investment included principal payments or advances, charge-offs and capitalized escrow arrearages. The present value of interest rate concessions, discounted at the effective rate of the original loan, was not material.
Troubled debt restructurings are considered to be impaired loans and for purposes of establishing the allowance for credit losses are evaluated for impairment giving consideration to the impact of the modified loan terms on the present value of the loan’s expected cash flows. Impairment of troubled debt restructurings that have subsequently defaulted may also be measured based on the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent. Charge-offs may also be recognized on troubled debt restructurings that have subsequently defaulted. Loans that were modified as troubled debt restructurings during the twelve months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 and for which there was a subsequent payment default during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were not material.
The amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the Company was $70 million and $77 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. There were $391 million in loans secured by residential real estate that were in the process of foreclosure at both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Of all loans in the process of foreclosure at September 30, 2019, approximately 27% were classified as purchased impaired and 33% were government guaranteed.
- 22 -
The Company’s loan and lease portfolio includes commercial lease financing receivables consisting of direct financing and leveraged leases for machinery and equipment, railroad equipment, commercial trucks and trailers, and aircraft. Certain leases contain payment schedules that are tied to variable interest rate indices. In general, early termination options are provided if the lessee is not in default, returns the leased equipment and pays an early termination fee. Additionally, options to purchase the underlying asset by the lessee are generally at the fair market value of the equipment. Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted new guidance related to lease accounting published by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). Under the new guidance, the accounting applied by lessors is largely unchanged from previous GAAP, however, the guidance eliminates the accounting model for leveraged leases that commence after the effective date of the guidance. A summary of lease financing receivables follows:
Commercial leases:
Direct financings:
Lease payments receivable
1,177,518
1,155,464
Estimated residual value of leased assets
84,692
85,169
Unearned income
(105,774
(110,458
Investment in direct financings
1,156,436
1,130,175
Leveraged leases:
82,127
85,007
81,163
81,261
(32,220
(33,717
Investment in leveraged leases
131,070
132,551
Total investment in leases
1,287,506
1,262,726
Deferred taxes payable arising from leveraged leases
71,432
74,995
Included within the estimated residual value of leased assets at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were $38 million and $39 million, respectively, in residual value associated with direct financing leases that are guaranteed by the lessees or others.
At September 30, 2019, the minimum future lease payments to be received from lease financings were as follows:
Twelve-month period ending September 30:
2020
346,223
2021
305,385
2022
216,018
2023
164,490
2024
82,455
Later years
145,074
1,259,645
- 23 -
4. Operating leases
The January 1, 2019 adoption of new lease accounting guidance resulted in the Company recording right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet for all operating leases with a term greater than twelve months. In addition, the Company elected the practical expedients that (1) reassessment is not needed for whether any existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) reassessment of the classification of existing operating and finance leases is not required, and (3) a lease that has a term of twelve months or less is not required to apply the asset and liability recognition requirements.
The Company determines whether a contract contains a lease based on whether a contract, or a part of a contract, conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. If it is determined that a contract contains a lease, the consideration in the contract is separated between lease and nonlease components (for example, taxes or common area maintenance). In calculating the present value of the lease payments, the Company has utilized its incremental borrowing rate based on electing the original lease term to account for each lease component.
The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities relate to banking offices and other space occupied by the Company and use of certain equipment under noncancelable operating lease agreements, which prior to the adoption of the guidance were not reflected in the consolidated balance sheet.
As of September 30, 2019, the Company reported right-of-use assets recognized as a component of “premises and equipment” and lease liabilities recognized as a component of “accrued interest and other liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheet, as follows:
392,324
Lease liabilities
424,854
The Company’s noncancelable operating lease agreements expire at various dates over the next 22 years. Real estate leases generally consist of fixed monthly rental payments with certain leases containing escalation clauses. Any variable lease payments or payments for nonlease components are recognized in the consolidated statement of income as a component of “equipment and net occupancy” expense based on actual costs incurred. Some of these real estate leases contain lessee options to extend the term. Those options are included in the lease term when it is determined that it is reasonably certain the option will be exercised.
The Company has noncancelable operating lease agreements for certain equipment related to ATMs, servers, printers and mail machines that are used in the normal course of operations. The ATM leases are either based on the rights to a specific square footage or a license agreement whereby the Company has the right to operate an ATM in a landlord's location. The lease terms generally contain both fixed payments and variable payments that are transaction-based. Given the transaction-based nature of the variable payments, they are excluded from the measurement of the right-of-use asset and lease liability and are recognized in the consolidated statement of income as a component of “equipment and net occupancy” expense when incurred.
- 24 -
4. Operating leases, continued
The following table presents information about the Company’s lease costs for operating leases recorded in the consolidated balance sheet, cash paid toward lease liabilities, and the weighted-average remaining term and discount rates of the operating leases.
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended
Lease cost
Operating lease cost
25,058
74,599
Short-term lease cost
82
Variable lease cost
644
1,733
Sublease income
(1,903
(5,724
Total net lease cost
23,819
70,690
Other information
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new
operating lease liabilities
24,377
Cash paid toward lease liabilities
25,189
76,050
Weighted-average remaining lease term
7 years
Weighted-average discount rate
3.1
%
Minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases are summarized in the following table. These minimum lease payments are not materially different from those reported in the 2018 Annual Report.
97,712
87,106
72,577
56,821
42,770
116,467
Total lease payments
473,453
Less: imputed interest
48,599
All other operating leasing activities were not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations.
- 25 -
5. Borrowings
M&T had $524 million of fixed and variable rate junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures ("Junior Subordinated Debentures") outstanding at September 30, 2019 that are held by various trusts that were issued in connection with the issuance by those trusts of preferred capital securities ("Capital Securities") and common securities ("Common Securities"). The proceeds from the issuances of the Capital Securities and the Common Securities were used by the trusts to purchase the Junior Subordinated Debentures. The Common Securities of each of those trusts are wholly owned by M&T and are the only class of each trust's securities possessing general voting powers. The Capital Securities represent preferred undivided interests in the assets of the corresponding trust. Under the Federal Reserve Board’s risk-based capital guidelines, the securities are includable in M&T’s Tier 2 regulatory capital.
Holders of the Capital Securities receive preferential cumulative cash distributions unless M&T exercises its right to extend the payment of interest on the Junior Subordinated Debentures as allowed by the terms of each such debenture, in which case payment of distributions on the respective Capital Securities will be deferred for comparable periods. During an extended interest period, M&T may not pay dividends or distributions on, or repurchase, redeem or acquire any shares of its capital stock. In general, the agreements governing the Capital Securities, in the aggregate, provide a full, irrevocable and unconditional guarantee by M&T of the payment of distributions on, the redemption of, and any liquidation distribution with respect to the Capital Securities. The obligations under such guarantee and the Capital Securities are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all senior indebtedness of M&T.
The Capital Securities will remain outstanding until the Junior Subordinated Debentures are repaid at maturity, are redeemed prior to maturity or are distributed in liquidation to the trusts. The Capital Securities are mandatorily redeemable in whole, but not in part, upon repayment at the stated maturity dates (ranging from 2027 to 2033) of the Junior Subordinated Debentures or the earlier redemption of the Junior Subordinated Debentures in whole upon the occurrence of one or more events set forth in the indentures relating to the Capital Securities, and in whole or in part at any time after an optional redemption prior to contractual maturity contemporaneously with the optional redemption of the related Junior Subordinated Debentures in whole or in part, subject to possible regulatory approval.
Also included in long-term borrowings are agreements to repurchase securities of $102 million and $409 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The repurchase agreement held at September 30, 2019 matures in 2020, however, the contractual maturities of the underlying investment securities extend beyond such repurchase date. The agreements are subject to legally enforceable master netting arrangements, however, the Company has not offset any amounts related to these agreements in its consolidated financial statements. The Company posted collateral consisting primarily of government guaranteed mortgage-backed securities of $108 million and $428 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
- 26 -
6. Shareholders’ equity
M&T is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a $1.00 par value per share. Preferred shares outstanding rank senior to common shares both as to dividends and liquidation preference, but have no general voting rights.
Issued and outstanding preferred stock of M&T as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is presented below:
December 31,2018
Shares
Issued and
Outstanding
Carrying Value
Series A (a)
Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock,
$1,000 liquidation preference per share
230,000
Series C (a)
151,500
Series E (b)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock,
350,000
Series F (c)
$10,000 liquidation preference per share
50,000
500,000
Series G (d)
Fixed-Rate Reset Non-cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock,
40,000
(a)The shares were fully redeemed in August 2019, having received the approval of the Federal Reserve to redeem such shares after issuing the Series G
preferred stock.
(b)Dividends, if declared, are paid semi-annually at a rate of 6.45% through February 14, 2024 and thereafter will be paid quarterly at a rate of the
three-month LIBOR plus 361 basis points. The shares are redeemable in whole or in part on or after February 15, 2024. Notwithstanding M&T’s
option to redeem the shares, if an event occurs such that the shares no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital, M&T may redeem all of the shares within 90
days following that occurrence.
(c)Dividends, if declared, are paid semi-annually at a rate of 5.125% through October 31, 2026 and thereafter will be paid quarterly at a rate of the
three-month LIBOR plus 352 basis points. The shares are redeemable in whole or in part on or after November 1, 2026. Notwithstanding M&T’s
(d)
Dividends, if declared, are paid semi-annually at a rate of 5.0% through July 31, 2024 and thereafter will be paid semiannually at a rate of the five-year U.S. Treasury rate plus 3.174%. The shares are redeemable in whole or in part on or after August 1, 2024. Notwithstanding M&T’s
For each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, dividends declared per share were: Series A- $15.9375; Series C - $15.9375; Series E - $16.125; and Series F - $128.125. For each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, dividends per share were: Series A- $47.8125; Series C - $47.8125; Series E - $48.375; and Series F - $384.375.
- 27 -
7. Revenue from contracts with customers
A significant amount of the Company’s revenues are derived from net interest income on financial assets and liabilities, mortgage banking revenues, trading account and foreign exchange gains, investment securities gains, loan and letter of credit fees, income from bank-owned life insurance, and certain other revenues that are generally excluded from the scope of accounting guidance for revenue from contracts with customers.
For noninterest income revenue streams, the Company recognizes the expected amount of consideration as revenue when the performance obligations related to the services under the terms of a contract are satisfied. The Company’s contracts generally do not contain terms that necessitate significant judgment to determine the amount of revenue to recognize.
The Company generally charges customer accounts or otherwise bills customers upon completion of its services. Typically the Company’s contracts with customers have a duration of one year or less and payment for services is received at least annually, but oftentimes more frequently as services are provided. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had $59 million and $56 million, respectively, of uncollected amounts receivable related to recognized revenue from the sources in the accompanying tables. Such amounts are classified in accrued interest and other assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. In certain situations the Company is paid in advance of providing services and defers the recognition of revenue until its service obligation is satisfied. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had deferred revenue of $43 million related to the sources in the accompanying tables recorded in accrued interest and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.
The following tables summarize sources of the Company’s noninterest income during the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 that are subject to the noted accounting guidance.
Business Banking
Commercial Banking
Commercial Real Estate
Discretionary Portfolio
Residential Mortgage Banking
Retail Banking
All Other
Classification in consolidated statement
of income
15,131
23,427
2,415
68,455
1,664
242
143,664
Other revenues from operations:
Merchant discount and credit card fees
9,692
13,409
670
4,150
269
28,190
1,239
1,372
503
816
9,347
7,076
20,353
24,832
38,317
4,457
81,952
164,750
315,627
15,767
24,167
2,374
64,709
9,238
13,520
643
3,908
27,771
1,662
1,822
386
916
9,397
6,723
20,906
25,005
39,349
4,839
918
78,014
154,625
303,136
- 28 -
7. Revenue from contracts with customers, continued
45,415
69,731
7,303
195,267
4,271
680
420,382
28,469
38,630
1,772
11,854
1,291
82,016
5,386
5,840
1,545
2,913
27,170
26,159
69,013
73,905
114,427
14,915
2,917
234,291
489,134
931,134
46,782
73,091
7,589
188,325
4,751
25,075
38,774
1,625
11,436
1,695
78,605
6,871
4,896
1,251
2,886
28,875
23,429
68,208
71,857
118,736
14,110
2,894
228,636
470,724
908,208
- 29 -
8. Pension plans and other postretirement benefits
The Company provides defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefits (including health care and life insurance benefits) to qualified retired employees. Net periodic defined benefit cost for defined benefit plans consisted of the following:
Pension
Benefits
Postretirement
Service cost
4,324
5,086
215
234
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
20,394
18,676
586
Expected return on plan assets
(30,534
(30,781
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)
139
(1,182
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain)
5,498
10,948
(312
(206
Net periodic cost (benefit)
4,068
(693
(581
12,970
15,258
703
61,184
56,029
1,758
1,719
(91,604
(92,344
417
(3,547
(3,546
16,494
32,844
(935
(619
(538
12,204
(2,080
(1,743
Service cost is reflected in salaries and employee benefits expense in the consolidated statement of income. The other components of net periodic cost (benefit) are reflected in other costs of operations. Expenses incurred in connection with the Company's defined contribution pension and retirement savings plans totaled $21 million and $17 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $61 million and $55 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are included in salaries and employee benefits expense.
- 30 -
9. Earnings per common share
The computations of basic earnings per common share follow:
Income available to common shareholders:
Less: Preferred stock dividends (a)
(16,103
(52,364
Net income available to common equity
463,978
507,961
1,383,719
1,317,471
Less: Income attributable to unvested stock-based
compensation awards
(2,568
(2,598
(7,591
(6,774
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Common shares outstanding (including common stock
issuable) and unvested stock-based compensation
awards
133,703
143,556
136,156
146,177
Less: Unvested stock-based compensation awards
(738
(734
(745
(753
Weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic earnings per common share
(a)Including impact of not as yet declared cumulative dividends.
The computations of diluted earnings per common share follow:
(2,596
(7,590
(6,768
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding:
Common and unvested stock-based compensation
Plus: Incremental shares from assumed conversion of
stock-based compensation awards and warrants to
purchase common stock
154
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding
Diluted earnings per common share
GAAP defines unvested share-based awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) as participating securities that shall be included in the computation of earnings per common share pursuant to the two-class method. The Company has issued stock-based compensation awards in the form of restricted stock and restricted stock units which, in accordance with GAAP, are considered participating securities.
Stock-based compensation awards and warrants to purchase common stock of M&T representing 277,840 and 212,407 common shares during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 224,639 and 220,653 common shares during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were not included in the computations of diluted earnings per common share because the effect on those periods would have been antidilutive.
- 31 -
10. Comprehensive income
The following tables display the components of other comprehensive income (loss) and amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income:
Defined Benefit
Amount
Securities
Plans
Before Tax
Tax
Net
(200,107
(354,502
(14,719
(569,328
149,247
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications:
Unrealized holding gains, net
237,615
(62,432
175,183
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(2,663
559
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges
204,587
(53,786
150,801
Total other comprehensive income before
reclassifications
201,924
439,539
(115,659
323,880
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income that (increase) decrease net income:
Amortization of unrealized holding losses on
held-to-maturity (“HTM”) securities
2,524
(663
1,861
Losses realized in net income
Accretion of net gain on terminated cash flow hedges
(93
(68
Net yield adjustment from cash flow hedges currently in effect
6,693
(1,760
4,933
Amortization of prior service credit
(3,129
823
(2,306
Amortization of actuarial losses
15,559
(4,091
11,468
Total other comprehensive income
240,146
12,430
208,524
461,100
(121,327
40,039
(342,072
193,805
(108,228
27,920
(59,957
(413,168
(20,165
(493,290
129,476
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle — equity
(22,795
5,942
Unrealized holding losses, net
(230,135
60,494
(169,641
(1,783
374
Unrealized losses on cash flow hedges
(26,522
6,972
(19,550
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before
(28,305
(258,440
67,840
(190,600
HTM securities
2,519
(662
1,857
Gains realized in net income
(18
(14
(83
(61
7,650
(2,011
5,639
32,225
(8,472
23,753
(227,634
29,096
(20,738
(219,276
57,544
(310,386
(384,072
(40,903
(735,361
192,962
Included in interest income.
Included in gain (loss) on bank investment securities.
Included in interest expense.
Included in other costs of operations.
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net consisted of the following:
Defined
Benefit
Balance — December 31, 2018
(147,526
(261,303
(11,252
Net gain during period
153,562
29,523
(252,141
142,310
- 32 -
11. Derivative financial instruments
As part of managing interest rate risk, the Company enters into interest rate swap agreements to modify the repricing characteristics of certain portions of the Company’s portfolios of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Company designates interest rate swap agreements utilized in the management of interest rate risk as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. Interest rate swap agreements are generally entered into with counterparties that meet established credit standards and most contain master netting, collateral and/or settlement provisions protecting the at-risk party. Based on adherence to the Company’s credit standards and the presence of the netting, collateral or settlement provisions, the Company believes that the credit risk inherent in these contracts was not material as of September 30, 2019.
The net effect of interest rate swap agreements was to increase net interest income by $1 million during the three-month period ended September 30, 2019 and decrease net interest income by $23 million during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, compared with decreases of $8 million and $12 million during the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
Information about interest rate swap agreements entered into for interest rate risk management purposes summarized by type of financial instrument the swap agreements were intended to hedge follows:
Weighted-
Average Rate
Notional
Maturity
Fixed
Variable
Gain (Loss) (a)
(In years)
Fair value hedges:
Fixed rate long-term borrowings (b)
3,800,000
2.5
2.51
2.55
(1,086
Cash flow hedges:
Interest payments on variable rate commercial real
estate loans (b)(c)
43,600,000
1.4
2.38
2.06
(5,056
47,400,000
1.5
(6,142
4,450,000
2.8
2.47
3.02
4,219
estate loans (b)(d)
15,400,000
1.3
1.52
2.35
1,311
19,850,000
1.7
5,530
Certain clearinghouse exchanges consider payments by counterparties for variation margin on derivative instruments to be settlements of those positions. The impact of such treatment at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was a reduction of the estimated fair value gains on interest rate swap agreements designated as fair value hedges of $64.0 million and fair value losses of $54.7 million, respectively, and on interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges a reduction of fair value gains of $208.5 million and a reduction of fair value losses of $9.1 million, respectively.
Under the terms of these agreements, the Company receives settlement amounts at a fixed rate and pays at a variable rate.
Includes notional amount and terms of $30.3 billion of forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that become effective in 2019, 2020 and 2021.
Includes notional amount and terms of $12.6 billion of forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that become effective in 2019 and 2020.
The Company utilizes commitments to sell residential and commercial real estate loans to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of real estate loans held for sale. Such commitments have generally been designated as fair value hedges. The Company also utilizes commitments to sell real estate loans to offset the exposure to changes in fair value of certain commitments to originate real estate loans for sale.
Derivative financial instruments used for trading account purposes included interest rate contracts, foreign exchange and other option contracts, foreign exchange forward and spot contracts, and financial futures. Interest rate contracts entered into for trading account purposes had notional values of $47.6 billion and $42.9 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The notional amounts of foreign currency and other
- 33 -
11. Derivative financial instruments, continued
option and futures contracts entered into for trading account purposes aggregated $843 million and $763 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Information about the fair values of derivative instruments in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of income follows:
Asset Derivatives
Liability Derivatives
Derivatives designated and qualifying as hedging instruments
Interest rate swap agreements (a)
6,189
Commitments to sell real estate loans (a)
1,339
1,090
1,928
6,434
1,386
6,620
8,117
Derivatives not designated and qualifying as hedging instruments
Mortgage-related commitments to originate real estate loans
for sale (a)
24,463
9,304
1,592
2,079
3,702
13,402
4,535
Trading:
Interest rate contracts (b)
532,070
118,687
72,098
169,255
Foreign exchange and other option and futures contracts (b)
11,280
10,549
9,944
8,870
569,892
142,242
95,633
184,252
Total derivatives
571,278
148,862
103,750
190,686
Asset derivatives are reported in other assets and liability derivatives are reported in other liabilities.
Asset derivatives are reported in trading account assets and liability derivatives are reported in other liabilities. The impact of variation margin payments at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was a reduction of the estimated fair value of interest rate contracts in the trading account in an asset position of $17.2 million and $170.7 million, respectively, and in a liability position of $390.6 million and $49.7 million, respectively.
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized
Derivative
Hedged Item
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate swap agreements:
Fixed rate long-term borrowings (a)
22,582
(22,412
(12,568
12,607
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
6,435
(1,348
2,598
782
9,033
(566
- 34 -
113,441
(112,884
(68,315
68,861
17,639
(5,639
6,690
5,778
24,329
Reported as interest expense.
Reported as trading account and foreign exchange gains.
Carrying Amount of the Hedged Item
Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Increasing (Decreasing) the Carrying Amount of the
Location in the Consolidated Balance Sheet of
the Hedged Items in Fair Value Hedges
Long-term debt
3,858,490
4,394,109
61,782
(51,102
The Company also has commitments to sell and commitments to originate residential and commercial real estate loans that are considered derivatives. The Company designates certain of the commitments to sell real estate loans as fair value hedges of real estate loans held for sale. The Company also utilizes commitments to sell real estate loans to offset the exposure to changes in the fair value of certain commitments to originate real estate loans for sale. As a result of these activities, net unrealized pre-tax gains related to hedged loans held for sale, commitments to originate loans for sale and commitments to sell loans were approximately $24 million and $18 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Changes in unrealized gains and losses are included in mortgage banking revenues and, in general, are realized in subsequent periods as the related loans are sold and commitments satisfied.
The Company does not offset derivative asset and liability positions in its consolidated financial statements. The Company’s exposure to credit risk by entering into derivative contracts is mitigated through master netting agreements and collateral posting or settlement requirements. Master netting agreements covering interest rate and foreign exchange contracts with the same party include a right to set-off that becomes enforceable in the event of default, early termination or under other specific conditions.
- 35 -
The aggregate fair value of derivative financial instruments in a liability position and the net liability positions with counterparties, which are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, was $70 million and $21 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company was required to post collateral relating to those positions of $68 million and $18 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Certain of the Company’s derivative financial instruments contain provisions that require the Company to maintain specific credit ratings from credit rating agencies to avoid higher collateral posting requirements. If the Company’s debt rating were to fall below specified ratings, the counterparties of the derivative financial instruments could demand immediate incremental collateralization on those instruments in a net liability position, however, the aggregate fair value of such derivative financial instruments in a net liability position and the amount of incremental collateralization that could be required was not significant at September 30, 2019.
The aggregate fair value of derivative financial instruments in an asset position and the net asset positions with counterparties, which are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, was $639 thousand and $18 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Counterparties posted collateral relating to those positions of $81 thousand and $16 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Trading account interest rate swap agreements entered into with customers are subject to the Company’s credit risk standards and often contain collateral provisions.
In addition to the derivative contracts noted above, the Company clears certain derivative transactions through a clearinghouse, rather than directly with counterparties. Those transactions cleared through a clearinghouse require initial margin collateral and variation margin payments depending on the contracts being in a net asset or liability position. The amount of initial margin collateral posted by the Company was $129 million and $65 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The fair value asset and liability amounts of derivative contracts have been reduced by variation margin payments treated as settlements as described herein. Variation margin on derivative contracts not treated as settlements continues to represent collateral posted or received by the Company.
- 36 -
12. Variable interest entities and asset securitizations
The Company’s securitization activity has consisted of securitizing loans originated for sale into government issued or guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. The amounts of those securitizations during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are presented in the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows. The Company has not recognized any losses as a result of having securitized assets.
As described in note 5, M&T has issued junior subordinated debentures payable to various trusts that have issued Capital Securities. M&T owns the common securities of those trust entities. The Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary of those entities and, accordingly, the trusts are not included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. At each of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company included the junior subordinated debentures as “long-term borrowings” in its consolidated balance sheet and recognized $23 million in other assets for its “investment” in the common securities of the trusts that will be concomitantly repaid to M&T by the respective trust from the proceeds of M&T’s repayment of the junior subordinated debentures associated with preferred capital securities described in note 5.
The Company has invested as a limited partner in various partnerships that collectively had total assets of approximately $1.4 billion at September 30, 2019 and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2018. Those partnerships generally construct or acquire properties for which the investing partners are eligible to receive certain federal income tax credits in accordance with government guidelines. Such investments may also provide tax deductible losses to the partners. The partnership investments also assist the Company in achieving its community reinvestment initiatives. As a limited partner, there is no recourse to the Company by creditors of the partnerships. However, the tax credits that result from the Company’s investments in such partnerships are generally subject to recapture should a partnership fail to comply with the respective government regulations. The Company’s carrying amount of its investments in such partnerships at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $604 million and $523 million, respectively, including $390 million of unfunded commitments at September 30, 2019 and $280 million of unfunded commitments at December 31, 2018. Contingent commitments to provide additional capital contributions to these partnerships were not material at September 30, 2019. The Company has not provided financial or other support to the partnerships that was not contractually required. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from its investments in such partnerships as of September 30, 2019 was $803 million, including possible recapture of certain tax credits. Management currently estimates that no material losses are probable as a result of the Company’s involvement with such entities. The Company, in its position as limited partner, does not direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the partnerships and, therefore, in accordance with the accounting provisions for variable interest entities, the partnership entities are not included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company’s investment in qualified affordable housing projects is amortized to income taxes in the consolidated statement of income as tax credits and other tax benefits resulting from deductible losses associated with the projects are received. The Company amortized $17 million and $51 million of its investments in qualified affordable housing projects to income tax expense during the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, respectively, and recognized $21 million and $62 million of tax credits and other tax benefits during those periods. Similarly, for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018, the Company amortized $13 million and $39 million, respectively, of its investments in qualified affordable housing projects to income tax expense and recognized $15 million and $47 million of tax credits and other tax benefits during those respective periods.
The Company serves as investment advisor for certain registered money-market funds. The Company has no explicit arrangement to provide support to those funds but may waive portions of its allowable management fees because of market conditions.
- 37 -
13. Fair value measurements
GAAP permits an entity to choose to measure eligible financial instruments and other items at fair value. The Company has not made any fair value elections at September 30, 2019.
Pursuant to GAAP, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level hierarchy exists in GAAP for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability.
•
Level 1 — Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2 — Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.
Level 3 — Valuation is derived from model-based and other techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and which may be based on the Company's own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.
When available, the Company attempts to use quoted market prices in active markets to determine fair value and classifies such items as Level 1 or Level 2. If quoted market prices in active markets are not available, fair value is often determined using model-based techniques incorporating various assumptions including interest rates, prepayment speeds and credit losses. Assets and liabilities valued using model-based techniques are classified as either Level 2 or Level 3, depending on the lowest level classification of an input that is considered significant to the overall valuation. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the Company's assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis at estimated fair value.
Trading account assets and liabilities
Trading account assets and liabilities consist primarily of interest rate contracts and foreign exchange contracts with customers who require such services with offsetting positions with third parties to minimize the Company's risk with respect to such transactions. The Company generally determines the fair value of its derivative trading account assets and liabilities using externally developed pricing models based on market observable inputs and, therefore, classifies such valuations as Level 2. Mutual funds held in connection with deferred compensation and other arrangements have been classified as Level 1 valuations. Valuations of investments in municipal and other bonds can generally be obtained through reference to quoted prices in less active markets for the same or similar securities or through model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable and, therefore, such valuations have been classified as Level 2.
Investment securities available for sale and equity securities
The majority of the Company's available-for-sale investment securities have been valued by reference to prices for similar securities or through model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable and, therefore, such valuations have been classified as Level 2. Certain investments in mutual funds and equity securities are actively traded and, therefore, have been classified as Level 1 valuations.
Real estate loans held for sale
The Company utilizes commitments to sell real estate loans to hedge the exposure to changes in fair value of real estate loans held for sale. The carrying value of hedged real estate loans held for sale includes changes in estimated fair value during the hedge period. Typically, the Company attempts to hedge real estate loans held for sale from the date of close through the sale date. The fair value of hedged real estate loans held for sale is generally calculated by reference to quoted prices in secondary markets for commitments to sell real estate loans with similar characteristics and, accordingly, such loans have been classified as a Level 2 valuation.
- 38 -
13. Fair value measurements, continued
Commitments to originate real estate loans for sale and commitments to sell real estate loans
The Company enters into various commitments to originate real estate loans for sale and commitments to sell real estate loans. Such commitments are considered to be derivative financial instruments and, therefore, are carried at estimated fair value on the consolidated balance sheet. The estimated fair values of such commitments were generally calculated by reference to quoted prices in secondary markets for commitments to sell real estate loans to certain government-sponsored entities and other parties. The fair valuations of commitments to sell real estate loans generally result in a Level 2 classification. The estimated fair value of commitments to originate real estate loans for sale are adjusted to reflect the Company's anticipated commitment expirations. The estimated commitment expirations are considered significant unobservable inputs contributing to the Level 3 classification of commitments to originate real estate loans for sale. Significant unobservable inputs used in the determination of estimated fair value of commitments to originate real estate loans for sale are included in the accompanying table of significant unobservable inputs to Level 3 measurements.
Interest rate swap agreements used for interest rate risk management
The Company utilizes interest rate swap agreements as part of the management of interest rate risk to modify the repricing characteristics of certain portions of its portfolios of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Company generally determines the fair value of its interest rate swap agreements using externally developed pricing models based on market observable inputs and, therefore, classifies such valuations as Level 2. The Company has considered counterparty credit risk in the valuation of its interest rate swap agreement assets and has considered its own credit risk in the valuation of its interest rate swap agreement liabilities.
- 39 -
The following tables present assets and liabilities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis:
Fair Value Measurements
Level 1 (a)
Level 2 (a)
Level 3
Trading account assets
48,724
565,532
6,985,401
Equity securities
104,199
45,905
588,233
Other assets (b)
27,928
8,365,938
152,923
8,188,536
24,479
Trading account liabilities
82,042
Other liabilities (b)
21,708
21,519
103,561
46,018
139,566
8,682,487
71,989
21,928
551,697
19,626
10,322
9,533,333
118,007
9,406,000
9,326
178,125
12,561
10,969
189,094
There were no significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018.
Comprised predominantly of interest rate swap agreements used for interest rate risk management (Level 2), commitments to sell real estate loans (Level 2) and commitments to originate real estate loans to be held for sale (Level 3).
- 40 -
The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis during three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
Available for Sale
Privately Issued Mortgage-Backed Securities
Other Assets and Other Liabilities
Balance — June 30, 2019
17,200
Total gains realized/unrealized:
Included in earnings
62,178
Settlements
Transfers out of Level 3 (a)
(55,104
24,274
Changes in unrealized gains included in earnings
related to assets still held at September 30, 2019
19,350
Balance — June 30, 2018
10,751
10,284
(16,849
23
4,186
related to assets still held at September 30, 2018
4,508
- 41 -
The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
7,712
115,187
(6
(98,625
24,981
8,303
38,691
(42,808
3,663
The Company’s policy for transfers between fair value levels is to recognize the transfer as of the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer.
Reported as mortgage banking revenues in the consolidated statement of income and includes the fair value of commitment issuances and expirations.
Transfers out of Level 3 consist of interest rate locks transferred to closed loans.
- 42 -
The Company is required, on a nonrecurring basis, to adjust the carrying value of certain assets or provide valuation allowances related to certain assets using fair value measurements. The more significant of those assets follow.
Loans are generally not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Periodically, the Company records nonrecurring adjustments to the carrying value of loans based on fair value measurements for partial charge-offs of the uncollectible portions of those loans. Nonrecurring adjustments also include certain impairment amounts for collateral-dependent loans when establishing the allowance for credit losses. Such amounts are generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral supporting the loan and, as a result, the carrying value of the loan less the calculated valuation amount does not necessarily represent the fair value of the loan. Real estate collateral is typically valued using appraisals or other indications of value based on recent comparable sales of similar properties or assumptions generally observable in the marketplace and the related nonrecurring fair value measurement adjustments have been classified as Level 2, unless significant adjustments have been made to the valuation that are not readily observable by market participants. Non-real estate collateral supporting commercial loans generally consists of business assets such as receivables, inventory and equipment. Fair value estimations are typically determined by discounting recorded values of those assets to reflect estimated net realizable value considering specific borrower facts and circumstances and the experience of credit personnel in their dealings with similar borrower collateral liquidations. Such discounts were in the range of 15% to 85% at September 30, 2019. As these discounts are not readily observable and are considered significant, the valuations have been classified as Level 3. Automobile collateral is typically valued by reference to independent pricing sources based on recent sales transactions of similar vehicles and the related nonrecurring fair value measurement adjustments have been classified as Level 2. Collateral values for other consumer installment loans are generally estimated based on historical recovery rates for similar types of loans. As these recovery rates are not readily observable by market participants, such valuation adjustments have been classified as Level 3. Loans subject to nonrecurring fair value measurement were $302 million at September 30, 2019 ($122 million and $180 million of which were classified as Level 2 and Level 3, respectively), $268 million at December 31, 2018 ($120 million and $148 million of which were classified as Level 2 and Level 3, respectively) and $292 million at September 30, 2018 ($128 million and $164 million of which were classified as Level 2 and Level 3, respectively). Changes in fair value recognized for partial charge-offs of loans and loan impairment reserves on loans held by the Company on September 30, 2019 were decreases of $51 million and $85 million for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Changes in fair value recognized for partial charge-offs of loans and loan impairment reserves on loans held by the Company on September 30, 2018 were decreases of $35 million and $69 million for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
Assets taken in foreclosure of defaulted loans
Assets taken in foreclosure of defaulted loans are primarily comprised of commercial and residential real property and are generally measured at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell. The fair value of the real property is generally determined using appraisals or other indications of value based on recent comparable sales of similar properties or assumptions generally observable in the marketplace, and the related nonrecurring fair value measurement adjustments have generally been classified as Level 2. Assets taken in foreclosure of defaulted loans subject to nonrecurring fair value measurement were $17 million and $32 million at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Changes in fair value recognized for those foreclosed assets held by the Company were not material during the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
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Capitalized servicing rights are initially measured at fair value in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The Company utilizes the amortization method to subsequently measure its capitalized servicing assets. In accordance with GAAP, the Company must record impairment charges, on a nonrecurring basis, when the carrying value of certain strata exceed their estimated fair value. To estimate the fair value of servicing rights, the Company considers market prices for similar assets, if available, and the present value of expected future cash flows associated with the servicing rights calculated using assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future servicing income and expense. Such assumptions include estimates of the cost of servicing loans, loan default rates, an appropriate discount rate, and prepayment speeds. For purposes of evaluating and measuring impairment of capitalized servicing rights, the Company stratifies such assets based on the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying financial instruments that are expected to have the most impact on projected prepayments, cost of servicing and other factors affecting future cash flows associated with the servicing rights. Such factors may include financial asset or loan type, note rate and term. The amount of impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the capitalized servicing rights for a stratum exceed estimated fair value. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance. The determination of fair value of capitalized servicing rights is considered a Level 3 valuation. At September 30, 2019, $193 million of capitalized servicing rights required a valuation allowance of approximately $23 million. No stratum of capitalized servicing rights required a valuation allowance at December 31, 2018 or September 30, 2018. Changes in fair value recognized for impairment of capitalized servicing rights were $14 million and $23 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. No changes in fair value were recognized in 2018.
Significant unobservable inputs to Level 3 measurements
The following tables present quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements for certain Level 3 assets and liabilities at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
Valuation
Technique
Unobservable
Inputs/Assumptions
Range
(Weighted-
Average)
Recurring fair value measurements
Privately issued mortgage-backed
Two independent pricing quotes
Net other assets (liabilities) (a)
Discounted cash flow
Commitment expirations
0%-96% (11%)
0%-95% (13%)
Other Level 3 assets (liabilities) consist of commitments to originate real estate loans.
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Sensitivity of fair value measurements to changes in unobservable inputs
An increase (decrease) in the estimate of expirations for commitments to originate real estate loans would generally result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Estimated commitment expirations are derived considering loan type, changes in interest rates and remaining length of time until closing.
Disclosures of fair value of financial instruments
The carrying amounts and estimated fair value for financial instrument assets (liabilities) are presented in the following table:
Carrying
Level 1
Level 2
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
1,765,090
53,771
10,721,588
10,525,863
91,526
Loans and leases:
Commercial loans and leases
22,844,883
Commercial real estate loans
34,772,982
197,141
34,575,841
Residential real estate loans
16,575,991
4,021,885
12,554,106
Consumer loans
15,157,025
89,350,881
4,219,026
85,131,855
Accrued interest receivable
340,543
Financial liabilities:
(31,766,724
(55,581,533
(6,203,679
(6,289,534
(1,561,997
(5,513,896
(7,002,524
(7,056,344
Accrued interest payable
(90,623
(82,042
Other financial instruments:
Commitments to originate real estate
loans for sale
Commitments to sell real estate loans
(11,912
Other credit-related commitments
(130,413
Interest rate swap agreements used for
interest rate risk management
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1,528,302
77,137
12,631,656
12,456,467
103,200
22,587,387
33,832,558
346,775
33,485,783
16,974,545
3,920,447
13,054,098
13,819,545
87,214,035
4,267,222
82,946,813
353,965
(32,256,668
(50,963,744
(6,124,254
(6,201,957
(811,906
(4,398,378
(8,444,914
(8,385,289
(95,274
(178,125
(6,177
(131,688
Interest rate swap agreements used for interest
rate risk management
With the exception of marketable securities, certain off-balance sheet financial instruments and mortgage loans originated for sale, the Company’s financial instruments are not readily marketable and market prices do not exist. The Company, in attempting to comply with the provisions of GAAP that require disclosures of fair value of financial instruments, has not attempted to market its financial instruments to potential buyers, if any exist. Since negotiated prices in illiquid markets depend greatly upon the then present motivations of the buyer and seller, it is reasonable to assume that actual sales prices could vary widely from any estimate of fair value made without the benefit of negotiations. Additionally, changes in market interest rates can dramatically impact the value of financial instruments in a short period of time.
The Company does not believe that the estimated information presented herein is representative of the earnings power or value of the Company. The preceding analysis, which is inherently limited in depicting fair value, also does not consider any value associated with existing customer relationships nor the ability of the Company to create value through loan origination, deposit gathering or fee generating activities. Many of the estimates presented herein are based upon the use of highly subjective information and assumptions and, accordingly, the results may not be precise. Management believes that fair value estimates may not be comparable between financial institutions due to the wide range of permitted valuation techniques and numerous estimates which must be made. Furthermore, because the disclosed fair value amounts were estimated as of the balance sheet date, the amounts actually realized or paid upon maturity or settlement of the various financial instruments could be significantly different.
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14. Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, various commitments and contingent liabilities are outstanding. Certain of these commitments are not included in the Company's consolidated balance sheet.
Commitments to extend credit
Home equity lines of credit
5,451,328
5,484,197
Commercial real estate loans to be sold
393,397
229,401
Other commercial real estate
8,222,395
7,556,722
Residential real estate loans to be sold
530,093
245,211
Other residential real estate
511,854
219,351
Commercial and other
16,313,801
14,363,803
Standby letters of credit
2,373,846
2,326,991
Commercial letters of credit
38,633
55,808
Financial guarantees and indemnification contracts
3,996,029
3,529,136
1,350,292
940,692
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to customers, generally having fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses that may require payment of a fee. In addition to the amounts in the preceding table, the Company had discretionary funding commitments to commercial customers of $8.9 billion and $8.6 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, that the Company had the unconditional right to cancel prior to funding. Standby and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby letters of credit generally are contingent upon the failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of the underlying contract with the third party, whereas commercial letters of credit are issued to facilitate commerce and typically result in the commitment being funded when the underlying transaction is consummated between the customer and a third party. The credit risk associated with commitments to extend credit and standby and commercial letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved with extending loans to customers and is subject to normal credit policies. Collateral may be obtained based on management's assessment of the customer's creditworthiness.
Financial guarantees and indemnification contracts are oftentimes similar to standby letters of credit and include mandatory purchase agreements issued to ensure that customer obligations are fulfilled, recourse obligations associated with sold loans, and other guarantees of customer performance or compliance with designated rules and regulations. Included in financial guarantees and indemnification contracts are loan principal amounts sold with recourse in conjunction with the Company's involvement in the Fannie Mae Delegated Underwriting and Servicing program. The Company's maximum credit risk for recourse associated with loans sold under this program totaled approximately $3.8 billion and $3.4 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Since many loan commitments, standby letters of credit, and guarantees and indemnification contracts expire without being funded in whole or in part, the contract amounts are not necessarily indicative of future cash flows.
The Company utilizes commitments to sell real estate loans to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of real estate loans held for sale. Such commitments are considered derivatives and along with commitments to originate real estate loans to be held for sale are generally recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at estimated fair market value.
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14. Commitments and contingencies, continued
The Company is contractually obligated to repurchase previously sold residential real estate loans that do not ultimately meet investor sale criteria related to underwriting procedures or loan documentation. When required to do so, the Company may reimburse loan purchasers for losses incurred or may repurchase certain loans. The Company reduces residential mortgage banking revenues by an estimate for losses related to its obligations to loan purchasers. The amount of those charges is based on the volume of loans sold, the level of reimbursement requests received from loan purchasers and estimates of losses that may be associated with previously sold loans. At September 30, 2019, the Company believes that its obligation to loan purchasers was not material to the Company’s consolidated financial position.
As previously disclosed, Wilmington Trust Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of M&T, was the subject of a class action lawsuit alleging that Wilmington Trust Corporation’s financial reporting and securities filings prior to its acquisition by M&T in 2011 were in violation of securities laws. In April 2018, the parties reached an agreement in principle and a formal settlement agreement was executed and filed with the court later in the second quarter of 2018. The proposed settlement was preliminarily approved by the court in July 2018. In the first quarter of 2018, the Company increased its reserve for litigation matters in anticipation of the settlement. The settlement amount of $200 million was paid, pursuant to the settlement agreement, during the third quarter of 2018. The settlement agreement was approved by the court in the fourth quarter of 2018.
Wilmington Trust, N.A., a wholly owned bank subsidiary of M&T, provides retirement services, including serving in certain trustee roles relating to Employee Stock Ownership Plans (“ESOPs”). Beginning in 2010, the U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) announced that it would increase its focus on ESOP transactions, particularly with regard to valuation issues relating to ESOP transactions. Beginning in late 2013, Wilmington Trust, N.A. began receiving requests for information and subpoenas relating to certain ESOP transactions for which it acted as trustee. In June 2016, Wilmington Trust, N.A. received a DOL subpoena seeking information on its global ESOP trustee business. In addition to these investigations, the DOL has commenced three lawsuits against Wilmington Trust, N.A. relating to its role as trustee of three ESOP transactions. In July 2019, Wilmington Trust, N.A. reached a settlement in principle with the DOL to resolve certain pending DOL ESOP matters. Although a formal settlement agreement has yet to be prepared and executed, the Company does not expect that the agreed-upon settlement will have a material incremental impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. Wilmington Trust, N.A. has also been named as a defendant in five private party lawsuits relating to its role as trustee for five ESOP transactions. Under applicable transaction documents, Wilmington Trust, N.A. may be entitled to indemnification by the ESOP plan sponsors. These matters could result in damages, settlements, penalties, restitution, reputational damage or additional costs and expenses.
M&T and its subsidiaries are subject in the normal course of business to various other pending and threatened legal proceedings and matters in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. On an on-going basis management, after consultation with legal counsel, assesses the Company’s liabilities and contingencies in connection with such proceedings. For those matters where it is probable that the Company will incur losses and the amounts of the losses can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an expense and corresponding liability in its consolidated financial statements. Such expense was $50 million and $135 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. To the extent pending or threatened litigation could result in exposure in excess of the recorded liability, the amount of such excess is not currently estimable. Although not considered probable, the range of reasonably possible losses for such matters in the aggregate, beyond the existing recorded liability, was estimated to be between $0 and $50 million as of September 30, 2019. Although the Company does not believe that the outcome of pending legal matters will be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, it cannot rule out the possibility that such outcomes will be material to the consolidated results of operations for a particular reporting period in the future.
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15. Segment information
Reportable segments have been determined based upon the Company's internal profitability reporting system, which is organized by strategic business unit. Certain strategic business units have been combined for segment information reporting purposes where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The reportable segments are Business Banking, Commercial Banking, Commercial Real Estate, Discretionary Portfolio, Residential Mortgage Banking and Retail Banking.
The financial information of the Company's segments was compiled utilizing the accounting policies described in note 22 of Notes to Financial Statements in the 2018 Annual Report. The management accounting policies and processes utilized in compiling segment financial information are highly subjective and, unlike financial accounting, are not based on authoritative guidance similar to GAAP. As a result, the financial information of the reported segments is not necessarily comparable with similar information reported by other financial institutions. Furthermore, changes in management structure or allocation methodologies and procedures may result in changes in reported segment financial data.
Information about the Company's segments is presented in the following table:
Revenues(a)
Inter-
segment
Revenues
(Loss)
143,741
912
46,147
138,898
920
43,730
282,757
980
132,668
280,671
875
147,910
238,364
458
131,161
214,266
371
116,386
50,871
(10,550
29,604
53,061
(10,270
39,723
115,239
19,363
15,846
79,603
15,402
13,289
432,339
1,808
131,638
427,452
2,862
141,612
294,358
(12,971
(6,983
294,381
(10,160
23,441
1,557,669
1,488,332
423,830
2,772
131,668
402,811
2,750
124,455
828,357
2,707
388,393
816,566
2,653
399,766
682,979
1,218
370,288
622,414
1,096
337,380
175,764
(29,140
106,816
162,075
(31,656
88,575
295,449
51,027
36,429
244,228
46,870
43,637
1,299,823
7,106
417,198
1,241,468
8,434
408,081
955,868
(35,690
(14,709
899,184
(30,147
(30,033
4,662,070
4,388,746
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15. Segment information, continued
Average Total Assets
Year Ended
December 31
(In millions)
5,758
5,637
28,089
26,524
26,626
23,893
22,899
22,885
29,355
32,659
32,123
2,444
2,123
2,161
14,839
13,522
13,656
14,206
13,312
13,877
118,584
116,676
116,959
Total revenues are comprised of net interest income and other income. Net interest income is the difference between taxable-equivalent interest earned on assets and interest paid on liabilities owed by a segment and a funding charge (credit) based on the Company's internal funds transfer and allocation methodology. Segments are charged a cost to fund any assets (e.g. loans) and are paid a funding credit for any funds provided (e.g. deposits). The taxable-equivalent adjustment aggregated $5,579,000 and $5,733,000 for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $17,471,000 and $15,939,000 for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and is eliminated in "All Other" total revenues. Intersegment revenues are included in total revenues of the reportable segments. The elimination of intersegment revenues is included in the determination of "All Other" total revenues.
16. Relationship with Bayview Lending Group LLC and Bayview Financial Holdings, L.P.
M&T holds a 20% minority interest in Bayview Lending Group LLC ("BLG"), a privately-held commercial mortgage company. M&T recognizes income or loss from BLG using the equity method of accounting. That investment had no remaining carrying value at September 30, 2019 as a result of cumulative losses recognized and cash distributions received in prior years. Income recognized by M&T is included in other revenues from operations and was not significant during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Income recognized during the nine month-periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 totaled $37 million and $24 million, respectively.
Bayview Financial Holdings, L.P. (together with its affiliates, "Bayview Financial"), a privately-held specialty finance company, is BLG's majority investor. In addition to their common investment in BLG, the Company and Bayview Financial conduct other business activities with each other. The Company has obtained loan servicing rights for mortgage loans from BLG and Bayview Financial having outstanding principal balances of $2.3 billion and $2.5 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Revenues from those servicing rights were $3 million and $4 million for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $9 million and $11 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company sub-services residential mortgage loans for Bayview Financial having outstanding principal balances of $65.1 billion and $56.8 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Revenues earned for sub-servicing loans for Bayview Financial were $33 million and $28 million for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $90 million and $86 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In addition, the Company held $100 million and $113 million of mortgage-backed securities in its held-to-maturity portfolio at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, that were securitized by Bayview Financial. At September 30, 2019, the Company held $90 million of Bayview Financial’s $714 million syndicated loan facility.
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17. Recent accounting developments
The following table provides a description of accounting standards that were adopted by the Company in 2019 as well as standards that are not effective that could have an impact to M&T’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
Standard
Description
Required date
of adoption
Effect on consolidated financial statements
Standards Adopted in 2019
Leases
The new guidance requires lessees to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term greater than 12 months. While the guidance requires all leases to be recognized in the balance sheet, there continues to be a differentiation between finance leases and operating leases for purposes of income statement recognition and cash flow statement presentation. For finance leases, interest on the lease liability and amortization of the right-of-use asset is recognized separately in the statement of income. Repayments of principal on those lease liabilities are classified within financing activities and payments of interest on the lease liability are classified within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For operating leases, a single lease cost is recognized in the statement of income and allocated over the lease term, generally on a straight-line basis. All cash payments are presented within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. The accounting applied by lessors is largely unchanged, however, the guidance eliminates the accounting model for leveraged leases for leases that commence after the effective date of the guidance.
January 1, 2019
Early adoption permitted
The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2019 and applied the guidance retrospectively at the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company occupies certain banking offices and uses certain equipment under noncancelable operating lease agreements which prior to the adoption of the guidance were not reflected in its consolidated balance sheet. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset of $394 million and increased liabilities by $399 million as a result of recognizing lease liabilities in its consolidated balance sheet. The new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated statement of income.
Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities
The amended guidance requires the premium on callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity.
The Company adopted the amended guidance effective January 1, 2019 and applied the modified retrospective approach for reporting purposes. The adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position nor on its results of operations.
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17. Recent accounting developments, continued
Standards Not Yet Adopted as of September 30, 2019
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
The amended guidance replaces the current incurred loss model for determining the allowance for credit losses. The guidance requires financial assets measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses will represent a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to present their net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected. The income statement will reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets as well as expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. When determining the allowance, expected credit losses over the contractual term of the financial asset(s) (taking into account prepayments) will be estimated considering relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectibility of the reported amount. The amended guidance also requires recording an allowance for credit losses for purchased financial assets with a more-than-insignificant amount of credit deterioration since origination. The initial allowance for these assets will be added to the purchase price at acquisition rather than being reported as an expense. Subsequent changes in the allowance will be recorded through the income statement as an expense adjustment. In addition, the amended guidance requires credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. The calculation of credit losses for available-for-sale securities will be similar to how it is determined under existing guidance.
January 1, 2020
The Company has completed its second parallel run of its approach for determining expected credit losses under the new guidance. The Company’s cross-functional implementation team continues to refine its models and the qualitative framework and to build out the technology platform to support the estimation process. The Company is also completing its documentation and internal controls testing. The Company’s current planned approach for estimating expected credit losses for loans includes utilizing macro-economic assumptions to project losses over a two-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. Subsequent to the forecast period, the Company reverts to longer term historical loss experience to estimate expected credit losses over the remaining contractual life.
The Company anticipates an increase to the allowance for credit losses that could range from 5 to 15 percent upon adoption of the standard. The amount of the change will be affected by economic conditions, reasonable forecasts of such conditions and the composition of the Company’s portfolio as of the date of adoption.
The estimated effect on the allowance for credit losses is primarily attributable to increases in reserves for residential mortgage loans and consumer loans, which generally have longer estimated lives as compared to commercial and commercial real estate loans. The allowance for credit losses associated with commercial and commercial real estate loans is expected to remain similar to current levels. The Company does not expect a material allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity debt securities as most of this portfolio consists of U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities.
Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment
The amended guidance eliminates step 2 from the goodwill impairment test.
The amendments should be applied using a prospective transition method. The Company does not expect the guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements, unless at some point in the future one of its reporting units were to fail step 1 of the goodwill impairment test.
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Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements
The amended guidance modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements. The amendments are a result of the disclosure framework project that focuses on improvements to the effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements. The amendments remove, modify, and add certain disclosure requirements. The disclosure requirements being removed relating to public companies are (1) the amount and reason for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, (2) the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and (3) the valuation process for Level 3 fair value measurements. The disclosure requirements being modified relating to public companies are (1) for investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee’s asset and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity or announced the timing publicly, and (2) the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as a result of the use of unobservable inputs. The disclosure requirements being added relating to public companies are (1) to disclose the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements, and (2) to disclose the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.
The amendments relating to changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurements uncertainty should be applied prospectively. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not expect the guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract
The amended guidance requires a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize and which costs to expense.
The amendments should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. The Company expects to implement the guidance on a prospective basis and does not expect the guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
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Improvements to Related Party Guidance for VIEs
The amended guidance requires that indirect interests held through related parties in common control arrangements should be considered on a proportional basis for determining whether fees paid to decision makers and service providers are variable interests.
The amendments should be applied retrospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The Company does not expect the guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans
The amended guidance modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The amendments are a result of the disclosure framework project that focuses on improvements to the effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements. The amendments remove and add certain disclosure requirements. The disclosure requirements being removed relating to public companies are (1) the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year, (2) the amount and timing of plan assets expected to be returned to the employer, (3) the 2001 disclosure requirement relating to Japanese Welfare Pension Insurance Law, (4) related party disclosures about the amount of future annual benefits covered by insurance, and (5) the effects of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trends on the benefit cost and obligation. The disclosure requirements being added relating to public companies are (1) the weighted-average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans , and (2) an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period.
January 1, 2021
The amendments should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not expect the guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Overview
M&T Bank Corporation (“M&T”) recorded net income during the third quarter of 2019 of $480 million or $3.47 of diluted earnings per common share, compared with $526 million or $3.53 of diluted earnings per common share in the corresponding quarter of 2018. Net income and diluted earnings per common share during the second quarter of 2019 were $473 million and $3.34, respectively. Basic earnings per common share were also $3.47 in the recent quarter, compared with $3.54 in the third quarter of 2018 and $3.34 in the second quarter of 2019. Net income totaled $1.44 billion or $10.16 of diluted and basic earnings per common share for the first nine months of 2019, compared with $1.37 billion or $9.00 of diluted earnings per common share and $9.01 of basic earnings per common share in the similar period of 2018.
The annualized rate of return on average total assets for M&T and its consolidated subsidiaries (“the Company”) in the third quarter of 2019 was 1.58%, compared with 1.80% in the year-earlier quarter and 1.60% in 2019’s second quarter. The annualized rate of return on average common shareholders’ equity was 12.73% in the recent quarter, compared with 14.08% in the third quarter of 2018 and 12.68% in the second quarter of 2019. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, the annualized rates of return on average assets and average common shareholders’ equity were 1.62% and 12.85%, respectively, compared with 1.57% and 12.16%, respectively, in the first nine months of 2018.
During the first quarter of 2019, the Company recognized an expense of $50 million to increase its reserve for legal matters associated with a subsidiary’s role as trustee of Employee Stock Ownership Plans in its Institutional Client Services business. That expense, on an after-tax basis, reduced net income in the initial 2019 quarter by $37 million, or $.27 of diluted earnings per common share. Also during that quarter, M&T realized $37 million of income from Bayview Lending Group LLC (“BLG”), increasing net income in the quarter by $28 million, or $.20 of diluted earnings per common share. Similarly, during the first quarter of 2018, the Company recognized an expense for legal matters of $135 million in connection with the settlement of a civil litigation matter by a wholly-owned subsidiary of M&T, Wilmington Trust Corporation (“WT Corp.”), that related to periods prior to the acquisition of WT Corp. by M&T. That expense, on an after-tax basis, reduced net income by $102 million or $.68 of diluted earnings per common share in the initial quarter of 2018. Additionally, M&T realized $23 million of income from BLG during 2018’s first quarter, increasing net income in that quarter by $17 million, or $.11 of diluted earnings per common share.
In July 2019, M&T agreed to sell its non-controlling interest in an asset manager obtained in the 2011 acquisition of WT Corp. that had been accounted for using the equity method of accounting and, as a result, as of June 30, 2019 recorded a $48 million charge (reflected in “other costs of operations”) to reduce the carrying value of the investment to its estimated net realizable value. Similar to other active investment managers, the investee entity had experienced a decrease in assets under management and during the second quarter of 2019 the entity’s chief executive and investment officer announced his retirement. Following that announcement, successor management submitted a proposal to M&T to restructure the organization of the entity. The after-tax impact of the charge was a reduction in net income of $36 million, or $.27 of diluted earnings per common share, during 2019’s second quarter. The sale of M&T’s interest in the asset manager was effective September 30, 2019.
Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted new accounting guidance for leases. The new guidance requires lessees to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term greater than twelve months. The accounting applied by lessors is largely unchanged, however, the guidance eliminates the accounting model for leveraged leases that commence after December 31, 2018. The Company occupies certain banking offices and uses certain equipment under noncancelable operating lease agreements which, prior to January 1, 2019, were not reflected in its consolidated balance sheet. As of January 1, 2019, the Company recorded right-of-use assets of $394 million and increased lease liabilities of $399 million in its consolidated balance sheet. The adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated statement of income for the three-month or nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019. For additional information on leases, see notes 3 and 4 of Notes to Financial Statements.
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On June 27, 2019, M&T announced its 2019 Capital Plan, which covers the four-quarter period that began on July 1, 2019. The 2019 Capital Plan, which was reviewed and approved by M&T’s Board of Directors, reflects capital distributions within the amount that M&T can make over the specified period based on the prior approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. M&T’s 2019 Capital Plan reflects net capital distributions of approximately $1.9 billion, which include common and preferred stock dividends as well as repurchases of M&T’s common stock. M&T’s Board of Directors may consider an increase in the common stock dividend, at its discretion, during the four-quarter period. All dividends are subject to declaration by M&T’s Board of Directors. In July 2019, M&T’s Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase plan to repurchase up to $1.635 billion of shares of M&T’s common stock subject to all applicable regulatory limitations. During the second and third quarters of 2019, M&T repurchased 2,450,000 shares and 1,933,000 shares of its common stock at a total cost of $402 million and $300 million, respectively. During the third quarter of 2018, M&T repurchased 2,844,159 shares of its common stock at a total cost of $498 million. In the aggregate, M&T repurchased 6,533,000 shares of its common stock at a total cost of $1.07 billion during the first three quarters of 2019 and 9,235,817 shares for $1.7 billion during the first nine months of 2018.
Supplemental Reporting of Non-GAAP Results of Operations
M&T consistently provides supplemental reporting of its results on a “net operating” or “tangible” basis, from which M&T excludes the after-tax effect of amortization of core deposit and other intangible assets (and the related goodwill, core deposit intangible and other intangible asset balances, net of applicable deferred tax amounts) and expenses associated with merging acquired operations into the Company, since such items are considered by management to be “nonoperating” in nature. Although “net operating income” as defined by M&T is not a GAAP measure, M&T’s management believes that this information helps investors understand the effect of acquisition activity in reported results.
Net operating income totaled $484 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $531 million in the year-earlier quarter. Diluted net operating earnings per common share for the recent quarter were $3.50, compared with $3.56 in the third quarter of 2018. Net operating income and diluted net operating earnings per common share were $477 million and $3.37, respectively, in the second quarter of 2019. For the first nine months of 2019, net operating income and diluted net operating earnings per common share were $1.45 billion and $10.24, respectively, compared with $1.39 billion and $9.10, respectively, in the corresponding 2018 period.
Net operating income in the recent quarter expressed as an annualized rate of return on average tangible assets was 1.66%, compared with 1.89% in the third quarter of 2018 and 1.68% in 2019’s second quarter. Net operating income represented an annualized return on average tangible common equity of 18.85% in the third quarter of 2019, compared with 21.00% in the year-earlier quarter and 18.83% in the second quarter of 2019. For the first three quarters of 2019, net operating income represented an annualized return on average tangible assets and average tangible common shareholders’ equity of 1.70% and 19.07%, respectively, compared with 1.65% and 18.09%, respectively, in the first nine months of 2018.
Reconciliations of GAAP amounts with corresponding non-GAAP amounts are provided in table 2.
Taxable-equivalent Net Interest Income
Net interest income expressed on a taxable-equivalent basis was $1.04 billion in the third quarter of 2019, little changed from the year-earlier quarter. Average earning assets rose 3% to $108.6 billion during the recent quarter from $105.8 billion in the similar 2018 quarter. That growth was offset by a narrowing of the net interest margin, or taxable-equivalent net interest income expressed as an annualized percentage of average earning assets, from 3.88% in 2018’s third quarter to 3.78% in the recent quarter. The decline in the net interest margin was largely the result of higher rates paid on deposit accounts. Taxable-equivalent net interest income in the recent quarter declined $12 million, or one percent, from the second quarter of 2019 reflecting a 13 basis point (hundredths of one percent) narrowing of the net interest margin from 3.91% in the prior quarter, largely offset by a $1.1 billion rise in average earning assets. The narrowing of the net interest margin as compared with 2019’s second quarter was due to lower yields earned on loans and leases that resulted from actions initiated by the Federal Reserve to lower its target
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Federal funds rate by .25% increments twice during the recent quarter. Also contributing to that narrowing were higher rates paid on deposit accounts. The increases in average earning assets in the recent quarter from the third quarter of 2018 and the second quarter of 2019 resulted from higher average balances of loans and leases and interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, offset, in part, by lower average investment securities balances.
For the first nine months of 2019, taxable-equivalent net interest income was $3.14 billion, up 4% from $3.03 billion in the corresponding 2018 period. That increase was primarily attributable to a 10 basis point widening of the net interest margin to 3.91% in the 2019 period from 3.81% in the year-earlier period and a $1.0 billion rise in average earning assets, to $107.4 billion in 2019 from $106.4 billion in 2018. The widening of the net interest margin resulted from a higher interest rate environment in the 2019 period driven by four .25% increases in the Federal funds target rate during 2018.
Average loans and leases aggregated $90.1 billion in the third quarter of 2019, up $2.9 billion from $87.1 billion in the year-earlier quarter. Commercial loans and leases averaged $23.3 billion in the third quarter of 2019, $1.6 billion or 8% higher than in the similar 2018 quarter. Average commercial real estate loans were $35.2 billion in the recent quarter, up $1.4 billion, or 4%, from $33.8 billion in the third 2018 quarter. Included in average commercial real estate loans in the third quarters of 2019 and 2018 were loans held for sale of $492 million and $497 million, respectively. Reflecting ongoing repayments of loans obtained in the 2015 acquisition of Hudson City Bancorp, Inc. (“Hudson City”), average residential real estate loans declined $1.3 billion or 7% to $16.7 billion in the third quarter of 2019 from $18.0 billion in the year-earlier quarter. Included in average residential real estate loans were loans held for sale of $327 million in the recent quarter and $281 million in the third quarter of 2018. Consumer loans averaged $14.9 billion in the third quarter of 2019, up $1.2 billion, or 9%, from $13.6 billion in the corresponding 2018 quarter, predominantly due to growth in average recreational finance (consisting predominantly of loans secured by recreational vehicles and boats) and automobile loans that was partially offset by declines in outstanding balances of home equity loans and lines of credit.
Average loan and lease balances in the recent quarter increased $927 million, or 1%, from $89.2 billion in the second quarter of 2019. Average commercial loan and lease balances in each of the second and third quarters of 2019 totaled $23.3 billion. Average commercial real estate loans in the recent quarter increased $432 million, or 1%, from $34.8 billion in the second quarter of 2019. Commercial real estate loans held for sale averaged $245 million in the second quarter of 2019. Average balances of residential real estate loans in the recently completed quarter declined $51 million from $16.7 billion in 2019’s second quarter, reflecting the continued pay down of loans obtained in the acquisition of Hudson City. Average balances of residential real estate loans held for sale were $227 million in the second quarter of 2019. The rate of decline of average residential real estate loan balances from the second quarter to the third quarter of 2019 slowed due to higher levels of such loans that are guaranteed by government-related entities that were repurchased to reduce associated servicing costs. Those higher repurchases in the recent quarter were associated with additions to the Company’s loan servicing portfolio during 2019. Additional information about such loans is presented herein under the heading “Provision for Credit Losses.” Average consumer loans in the recent quarter increased $555 million, or 4%, from $14.3 billion in the second quarter of 2019. The accompanying table summarizes quarterly changes in the major components of the loan and lease portfolio.
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AVERAGE LOANS AND LEASES
(net of unearned discount)
Percent Increase
(Decrease) from
3rd Qtr.
2nd Qtr.
Commercial, financial, etc.
23,326
Real estate — commercial
35,200
Real estate — consumer
16,673
(7
4,605
(8
5,078
3,802
1,394
14
Total consumer
14,879
90,078
For the first three quarters of 2019, average loans and leases totaled $89.2 billion, up $1.8 billion, or 2%, from $87.4 billion in the year-earlier period. Contributing to that rise were increases in commercial loans and leases of $1.6 billion, or 7%, commercial real estate loans of $1.1 billion, or 3%, and consumer loans of $972 million, or 7%, partially offset by a decline in residential real estate loans of $1.9 billion, or 10%.
The investment securities portfolio is largely comprised of residential mortgage-backed securities and shorter-term U.S. Treasury and federal agency notes. When purchasing investment securities, the Company considers its liquidity position and its overall interest-rate risk profile as well as the adequacy of expected returns relative to risks assumed, including prepayments. The investment securities portfolio averaged $11.1 billion in the third quarter of 2019, down $2.4 billion, or 18%, from $13.4 billion in the year-earlier quarter and $1.1 billion lower than the $12.2 billion averaged in the second quarter of 2019. For the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, investment securities averaged $12.1 billion and $13.9 billion, respectively. The lower average balances in the recent periods reflect maturities of U.S. Treasury notes and pay downs of mortgage-backed securities. During the first quarter of 2019 and the third quarter of 2018, the Company purchased $500 million and $450 million, respectively, of U.S. Treasury notes. The Company routinely has increases and decreases in its holdings of capital stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of New York and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Those holdings are accounted for at cost and are adjusted based on the amounts of outstanding borrowings and available lines of credit with those entities. There were no other significant purchases of investment securities during the first nine months of 2019 or 2018.
Fair value changes in equity securities with readily determinable fair values are recognized in the consolidated statement of income. Net unrealized gains on such equity securities were $4 million in the recent quarter and $9 million in the second 2019 quarter, compared with net unrealized losses of $3 million in the third 2018 quarter. Those gains and losses were predominantly related to the Company’s holdings of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock.
The Company may occasionally sell investment securities as a result of changes in interest rates and spreads, actual or anticipated prepayments, credit risk associated with a particular security, or as a result of restructuring its investment securities portfolio in connection with a business combination. There were no significant sales of investment securities during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 or 2018. The amounts of investment securities held by the Company are influenced by such factors as demand for loans, which generally yield more than investment securities and other earning assets, ongoing repayments, the levels of deposits, and management of liquidity and balance sheet size and resulting capital ratios.
The Company regularly reviews its investment securities for declines in value below amortized cost that might be characterized as “other than temporary.” There were no other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized in either of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 or 2018. Based on management’s assessment of future
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cash flows associated with individual investment securities as of September 30, 2019, the Company concluded that declines in value below amortized cost associated with individual investment securities were temporary in nature. A further discussion of fair values of investment securities is included herein under the heading “Capital.” Additional information about the investment securities portfolio is included in notes 2 and 13 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Other earning assets include interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and other banks, trading account assets and federal funds sold. Those other earning assets in the aggregate averaged $7.5 billion in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $5.3 billion in the year-earlier quarter and $6.2 billion in the second quarter of 2019. Interest-bearing deposits at banks averaged $7.4 billion, $5.2 billion and $6.1 billion during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The amounts of interest-bearing deposits at banks at the respective dates were predominantly comprised of deposits held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The levels of those deposits often fluctuate due to changes in trust-related and commercial deposits, purchases or maturities of investment securities, or borrowings to manage the Company’s liquidity.
As a result of the changes described herein, average earning assets totaled $108.6 billion in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $105.8 billion in the year-earlier quarter and $107.5 billion in the second 2019 quarter. Average earning assets totaled $107.4 billion and $106.4 billion during the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The most significant source of funding for the Company is core deposits. The Company considers noninterest-bearing deposits, interest-bearing transaction accounts, savings deposits and time deposits of $250,000 or less as core deposits. The Company’s branch network is its principal source of core deposits, which generally carry lower interest rates than wholesale funds of comparable maturities. Average core deposits totaled $88.8 billion in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $86.0 billion in the corresponding 2018 quarter and $86.2 billion in the second quarter of 2019. The increase in average core deposits in the recent quarter as compared with the third quarter of 2018 and the second quarter of 2019 largely reflected higher mortgage servicing escrow deposits. The following table provides an analysis of quarterly changes in the components of average core deposits.
AVERAGE CORE DEPOSITS
53,032
5,254
30,550
88,836
The Company also receives funding from other deposit sources, including branch-related time deposits over $250,000, deposits associated with the Company’s Cayman Islands office and brokered deposits. Time deposits over $250,000, excluding brokered deposits, averaged $1.1 billion in the recent quarter, compared with $663 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $1.2 billion in the second 2019 quarter. The increases in such deposits since the third quarter of 2018 were predominantly the result of the higher interest rate environment and customers’ desire to earn a higher return on their deposits. Cayman Islands office deposits averaged $1.5 billion, $407 million and $1.2 billion for the quarters ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The increases in such deposits from the third quarter of 2018 were the result of customers’ desire to sweep their deposit balances into higher earning products. The Company had brokered savings and interest-bearing transaction accounts, which in the aggregate averaged $2.6 billion, $2.2 billion and $2.7 billion during the third quarters of 2019 and 2018 and the second quarter of 2019, respectively. Additional amounts of Cayman Islands office deposits or brokered deposits may be added in the future depending on market conditions, including demand by customers and other investors for those deposits, and the cost of funds available from alternative sources at the time.
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The Company also uses borrowings from banks, securities dealers, various FHLBs, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and others as sources of funding. Short-term borrowings represent borrowing arrangements that at the time they were entered into had a contractual maturity of one year or less. Average short-term borrowings totaled $1.2 billion in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $374 million in the year-earlier quarter and $1.3 billion in the second 2019 quarter. Included in short-term borrowings were unsecured federal funds borrowings, which generally mature on the next business day, that averaged $117 million in the recent quarter, $285 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $323 million in the second quarter of 2019. Overnight federal funds borrowings totaled $2.6 billion at September 30, 2019, $1.3 billion at September 30, 2018 and $3.2 billion at June 30, 2019. Short-term borrowings from Federal Home Loan Banks averaged $1.0 billion in the recently completed quarter, $35 million in the year-earlier quarter and $890 million in the second 2019 quarter. In general, the higher short-term borrowings were entered into to help ensure compliance with Liquidity Coverage Ratio (“LCR”) requirements and for other liquidity purposes. The LCR requirements are intended to ensure that banks hold a sufficient amount of “high quality liquid assets” to cover the anticipated net cash outflows during a hypothetical acute 30-day stress scenario. For additional information concerning the LCR rules, refer to Part I, Item 1 of M&T’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 under the heading “Liquidity.” During October 2019, the Federal Reserve and other Federal bank regulators finalized the Tailoring NPRs as described in M&T’s Form 10-K. Within the final rule, M&T is classified as a Category IV firm and, as such, will no longer be subject to LCR requirements on the effective date of the final rule. However, M&T will continue to remain subject to the internal liquidity stress testing requirements under the Federal Reserve Board’s regulations, which include 30-day and 1-year planning horizons.
Long-term borrowings averaged $7.1 billion in the recent quarter, compared with $9.0 billion in the third quarter of 2018 and $8.3 billion in the second quarter of 2019. Average balances of outstanding senior unsecured notes were $5.1 billion, $6.1 billion and $5.5 billion during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Also included in average long-term borrowings were amounts borrowed from the FHLBs of New York and Pittsburgh of $2 million in the recent quarter, compared with $577 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $394 million in the second 2019 quarter. The decline in the recent quarter reflects maturities of borrowings during the second quarter of 2019. Subordinated capital notes included in long-term borrowings averaged $1.4 billion in each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019. Junior subordinated debentures associated with trust preferred securities that were included in average long-term borrowings were $524 million in the recent quarter, compared with $521 million and $523 million in the third quarter of 2018 and the second 2019 quarter, respectively. Additional information regarding junior subordinated debentures is provided in note 5 of Notes to Financial Statements. Long-term borrowings also included agreements to repurchase securities, which averaged $103 million in the third quarter of 2019, $414 million in the year-earlier quarter and $373 million in the second quarter of 2019. The repurchase agreement held at September 30, 2019 totaled $102 million and matures in 2020, however, the contractual maturities of the underlying securities extend beyond such repurchase date.
Net interest income can be impacted by changes in the composition of the Company’s earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, as discussed herein, as well as changes in interest rates and spreads. Net interest spread, or the difference between the taxable-equivalent yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, was 3.41% in the recent quarter, compared with 3.58% in the third quarter of 2018. The yield on earning assets during the third quarter of 2019 was 4.51%, up 11 basis points from 4.40% in the year-earlier period, while the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased 28 basis points to 1.10% in the recent quarter from .82% in the corresponding 2018 period. In the second quarter of 2019, the net interest spread was 3.53%, the yield on earning assets was 4.64% and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 1.11%. During the recent quarter, the net interest spread narrowed from the year-earlier quarter and the second 2019 quarter. As compared with the third quarter of 2018, the effect of increases in short-term interest rates initiated by the Federal Reserve during 2018 contributed to higher yields on loans and leases and rates on interest-bearing deposits. During the third quarter of 2019, decreases in short-term interest rates initiated by the Federal Reserve of .25% in each of July and September contributed to reduced yields on loans and leases as compared with the second quarter of 2019, resulting in a 13 basis point narrowing of those yields in the recent quarter. On October 30, 2019, the Federal Reserve initiated an additional .25% reduction in short-term interest rates. In addition, the rate paid on interest-bearing deposits increased
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from the second 2019 quarter by 5 basis points. The rise in the rate paid on interest-bearing deposits in the recent quarter was largely associated with mortgage escrow deposits, in conjunction with growth in residential mortgage servicing activities. The rates paid on those deposits are often indexed to the federal funds rate or LIBOR, and are higher than the rates paid on most other savings and interest-checking accounts. For the first nine months of 2019, the net interest spread was 3.53%, compared with 3.54% in the year-earlier period. The yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities for the first nine months of 2019 were 4.62% and 1.09%, respectively, compared with 4.26% and .72%, respectively, in the initial nine months of 2018.
Net interest-free funds consist largely of noninterest-bearing demand deposits and shareholders’ equity, partially offset by bank owned life insurance and non-earning assets, including goodwill and core deposit and other intangible assets. Net interest-free funds averaged $36.8 billion in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $38.6 billion in the year-earlier quarter and $36.7 billion in the second 2019 quarter. The decreases in average net interest-free funds in the two most recent quarters as compared with the third quarter of 2018 largely reflect lower average balances of noninterest-bearing deposits. Those deposits averaged $30.6 billion, $31.5 billion and $30.1 billion in the quarters ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The decline in such balances in the recent quarter as compared with the third quarter of 2018 was largely due to lower levels of deposits of commercial customers. During the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, average net interest-free funds aggregated $36.9 billion and $38.8 billion, respectively. Shareholders’ equity averaged $15.8 billion during the recent quarter, $15.5 billion during the third quarter of 2018 and $15.6 billion during the three-month period ended June 30, 2019. Goodwill and core deposit and other intangible assets averaged $4.6 billion in each of those quarters. The cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance averaged $1.8 billion in each of the quarters ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019. Increases in the cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance and benefits received are not included in interest income, but rather are recorded in “other revenues from operations.” The contribution of net interest-free funds to net interest margin was .37% in the third quarter of 2019, compared with .30% and .38% in the third quarter of 2018 and second quarter of 2019, respectively. The increased contribution of net interest-free funds to net interest margin in the two most recent quarters as compared with the third 2018 quarter reflects the higher rates on interest-bearing liabilities used to value net interest-free funds. The contribution of net interest-free funds for the first nine months of 2019 and 2018 was .38% and .27%, respectively.
Reflecting the changes to the net interest spread and the contribution of interest-free funds as described herein, the Company’s net interest margin was 3.78% in the third quarter of 2019, compared with 3.88% in the year-earlier period and 3.91% in the second quarter of 2019. During the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, the net interest margin was 3.91% and 3.81%, respectively. Future changes in market interest rates or spreads, as well as changes in the composition of the Company’s portfolios of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities that result in reductions in spreads, could adversely impact the Company’s net interest income and net interest margin.
Management assesses the potential impact of future changes in interest rates and spreads by projecting net interest income under several interest rate scenarios. In managing interest rate risk, the Company has utilized interest rate swap agreements to modify the repricing characteristics of certain portions of its earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Periodic settlement amounts arising from these agreements are reflected in either the yields on earning assets or the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The notional amount of interest rate swap agreements entered into for interest rate risk management purposes was $17.2 billion (excluding $30.3 billion of forward-starting swap agreements) at September 30, 2019, $8.1 billion (excluding $7.7 billion of forward-starting swap agreements) at September 30, 2018, $7.3 billion (excluding $12.6 billion of forward-starting swap agreements) at December 31, 2018 and $17.8 billion (excluding $21.4 billion of forward-starting swap agreements) at June 30, 2019. Under the terms of those interest rate swap agreements, the Company receives payments based on the outstanding notional amount at fixed rates and makes payments at variable rates. Interest rate swap agreements serving as cash flow hedges of interest payments associated with variable rate commercial real estate loans had notional amounts of $13.4 billion at each of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, compared with $2.85 billion at each of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018. Interest rate swap agreements serving as fair value hedges of fixed rate long-term borrowings had notional values of $3.8 billion at September 30, 2019, $5.2 billion at September 30, 2018 and $4.45 billion at December 31, 2018.
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The Company has entered into forward-starting interest rate swap agreements to effectively extend the term of and maintain a set maturity profile for its interest rate swap agreements serving as cash flow hedges, and provide a hedge against changing interest rates on certain of its variable rate loans.
In a fair value hedge, the fair value of the derivative (the interest rate swap agreement) and changes in the fair value of the hedged item are recorded in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet with the corresponding gain or loss recognized in current earnings. The difference between changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements and the hedged items represents hedge ineffectiveness and is recorded as an adjustment to the interest income or interest expense of the respective hedged item. In a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss on cash flow hedges is accounted for similar to that associated with fair value hedges. The amounts of hedge ineffectiveness recognized during each of the quarters ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019 were not material to the Company’s consolidated results of operations. Information regarding the fair value of interest rate swap agreements and hedge ineffectiveness is presented in note 11 of Notes to Financial Statements. The changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap agreements and the hedged items primarily result from the effects of changing interest rates and spreads.
The weighted-average rates to be received and paid under interest rate swap agreements currently in effect were 2.41% and 2.17%, respectively, at September 30, 2019. The average notional amounts of interest rate swap agreements entered into for interest rate risk management purposes, the related effect on net interest income and margin, and the weighted-average interest rates paid or received on those swap agreements are presented in the accompanying table. Additional information about the Company’s use of interest rate swap agreements and other derivatives is included in note 11 of Notes to Financial Statements.
INTEREST RATE SWAP AGREEMENTS
.
Rate(a)
Increase (decrease) in:
4,483
.02
(4,181
(.02
3,340
4,016
Net interest income/margin
1,143
(8,197
(.03
Average notional amount (c)
17,319,565
7,952,174
Rate received (b)
2.39
Rate paid (b)
2.37
(.01
(7,650
16,068
.03
4,819
.01
(22,761
(12,469
15,944,505
7,712,454
2.05
2.54
2.27
Computed as an annualized percentage of average earning assets or interest-bearing liabilities.
Weighted-average rate paid or received on interest rate swap agreements in effect during the period.
Excludes forward-starting interest rate swap agreements not in effect during the period.
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In addition to interest rate swap agreements, the Company has entered into interest rate floor agreements that are accounted for in the trading account rather than as hedging instruments but, nevertheless, provide the Company with protection against the possibility of future declines in interest rates on earning assets. At each of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, outstanding notional amounts of such agreements totaled $15.6 billion. The fair value of those interest rate floor agreements was $1.4 million at September 30, 2019, $574 thousand at September 30, 2018 and $1.9 million at December 31, 2018 and was included in trading account assets in the consolidated balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of those agreements are recorded as “trading account and foreign exchange gains” in the consolidated statement of income.
As a financial intermediary, the Company is exposed to various risks, including liquidity and market risk. Liquidity refers to the Company’s ability to ensure that sufficient cash flow and liquid assets are available to satisfy current and future obligations, including demands for loans and deposit withdrawals, funding operating costs, and other corporate purposes. Liquidity risk arises whenever the maturities of financial instruments included in assets and liabilities differ. The most significant source of funding for the Company is deposits, which are generated from a large base of consumer, corporate and institutional customers. That customer base has, over the past several years, become more geographically diverse as a result of acquisitions and expansion of the Company’s businesses. Nevertheless, the Company faces competition in offering products and services from a large array of financial market participants, including banks, thrifts, mutual funds, securities dealers and others. The Company supplements funding provided through deposits with various short-term and long-term wholesale borrowings. M&T’s bank subsidiaries have access to additional funding sources through borrowings from the FHLB of New York, lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, M&T Bank’s Bank Note Program, and other available borrowing facilities. The Bank Note Program enables M&T Bank to offer unsecured senior and subordinated notes. The Company has, from time to time, also issued subordinated capital notes and junior subordinated debentures associated with trust preferred securities to provide liquidity and enhance regulatory capital ratios. The Company’s junior subordinated debentures associated with trust preferred securities and other subordinated capital notes are considered Tier 2 capital and are includable in total regulatory capital. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, long-term borrowings aggregated $7.0 billion and $8.4 billion, respectively. The decline in long-term borrowings reflects maturities of FHLB borrowings, senior notes and repurchase agreements.
The Company has informal and sometimes reciprocal sources of funding available through various arrangements for unsecured short-term borrowings from other banks and financial institutions. Short-term federal funds borrowings were $2.6 billion, $1.3 billion and $137 million at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018, respectively. In general, those borrowings were unsecured and matured on the next business day. Short-term borrowings from the FHLB totaled $2.9 billion and $4.2 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. There were no such borrowings at September 30, 2018. The amount of short-term borrowings often fluctuates in conjunction with the Company’s management of its liquidity position, including compliance with LCR requirements. Cayman Islands office deposits are generally used to satisfy customer demand via a deposit sweep product, and may also be used as an alternative to short-term borrowings. Cayman Islands office deposits totaled $1.6 billion at September 30, 2019, $447 million at September 30, 2018 and $812 million at December 31, 2018. The Company has also benefited from the placement of brokered deposits. The Company had brokered savings and interest-bearing checking deposit accounts which aggregated approximately $2.7 billion at September 30, 2019, $2.6 billion at September 30, 2018 and $3.0 billion at December 31, 2018. Brokered time deposits were not a significant source of funding as of those dates.
The Company’s ability to obtain funding from these sources could be negatively impacted should the Company experience a substantial deterioration in its financial condition or its debt ratings, or should the availability of funding become restricted due to a disruption in the financial markets. The Company attempts to quantify such credit-event risk by modeling scenarios that estimate the liquidity impact resulting from a short-term ratings downgrade over various grading levels. Such impact is estimated by attempting to measure the effect on available unsecured lines of credit, available capacity from secured borrowing sources and securitizable assets. In addition to deposits and borrowings, other sources of liquidity include maturities of investment securities and other earning assets, repayments of loans and investment securities, and cash generated from operations, such as fees collected for services.
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Certain customers of the Company obtain financing through the issuance of variable rate demand bonds (“VRDBs”). The VRDBs are generally enhanced by letters of credit provided by M&T Bank. M&T Bank oftentimes acts as remarketing agent for the VRDBs and, at its discretion, may from time-to-time own some of the VRDBs while such instruments are remarketed. When this occurs, the VRDBs are classified as trading account assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Nevertheless, M&T Bank is not contractually obligated to purchase the VRDBs. The value of VRDBs in the Company’s trading account was not material at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018. The total amounts of VRDBs outstanding backed by M&T Bank letters of credit were $838 million at September 30, 2019, compared with $882 million at September 30, 2018 and $793 million at December 31, 2018. M&T Bank also serves as remarketing agent for most of those bonds.
The Company enters into contractual obligations in the normal course of business that require future cash payments. Such obligations include, among others, payments related to deposits, borrowings, leases and other contractual commitments. Off-balance sheet commitments to customers may impact liquidity, including commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, commercial letters of credit, financial guarantees and indemnification contracts, and commitments to sell real estate loans. Because many of these commitments or contracts expire without being funded in whole or in part, the contract amounts are not necessarily indicative of future cash flows. Further discussion of these commitments is provided in note 14 of Notes to Financial Statements.
M&T’s primary source of funds to pay for operating expenses, shareholder dividends and treasury stock repurchases has historically been the receipt of dividends from its bank subsidiaries, which are subject to various regulatory limitations. Dividends from any bank subsidiary to M&T are limited by the amount of earnings of the subsidiary in the current year and the two preceding years. For purposes of that test, at September 30, 2019 approximately $577 million was available for payment of dividends to M&T from bank subsidiaries. M&T also may obtain funding through long-term borrowings. Outstanding senior notes of M&T at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were $775 million and $756 million, respectively. Junior subordinated debentures of M&T associated with trust preferred securities outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 totaled $524 million and $522 million, respectively.
Management closely monitors the Company’s liquidity position on an ongoing basis for compliance with internal policies and believes that available sources of liquidity are adequate to meet funding needs anticipated in the normal course of business. Management does not anticipate engaging in any activities, either currently or in the long-term, for which adequate funding would not be available and would therefore result in a significant strain on liquidity at either M&T or its subsidiary banks. The Company is in compliance with the requirements of the LCR rules enacted by banking regulators.
Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in the market prices and/or interest rates of the Company’s financial instruments. The primary market risk the Company is exposed to is interest rate risk. Interest rate risk arises from the Company’s core banking activities of lending and deposit-taking, because assets and liabilities reprice at different times and by different amounts as interest rates change. As a result, net interest income earned by the Company is subject to the effects of changing interest rates. The Company measures interest rate risk by calculating the variability of net interest income in future periods under various interest rate scenarios using projected balances for earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities and derivatives used to manage interest rate risk. Management’s philosophy toward interest rate risk management is to limit the variability of net interest income. The balances of financial instruments used in the projections are based on expected growth from forecasted business opportunities, anticipated prepayments of loans and investment securities, and expected maturities of investment securities, loans and deposits. Management uses a “value of equity” model to supplement the modeling technique described above. Those supplemental analyses are based on discounted cash flows associated with on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments. Such analyses are modeled to reflect changes in interest rates and provide management with a long-term interest rate risk metric. The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements to help manage exposure to interest rate risk. At September 30, 2019, the aggregate notional amount of interest rate swap agreements entered into for risk management purposes that were currently in effect was $17.2 billion. In addition, the Company has entered into $30.3 billion of forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that will become effective as other swap agreements mature.
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The Company’s Asset-Liability Committee, which includes members of senior management, monitors the sensitivity of the Company’s net interest income to changes in interest rates with the aid of a computer model that forecasts net interest income under different interest rate scenarios. In modeling changing interest rates, the Company considers different yield curve shapes that consider both parallel (that is, simultaneous changes in interest rates at each point on the yield curve) and non-parallel (that is, allowing interest rates at points on the yield curve to vary by different amounts) shifts in the yield curve. In utilizing the model, market-implied forward interest rates over the subsequent twelve months are generally used to determine a base interest rate scenario for the net interest income simulation. That calculated base net interest income is then compared to the income calculated under the varying interest rate scenarios. The model considers the impact of ongoing lending and deposit-gathering activities, as well as interrelationships in the magnitude and timing of the repricing of financial instruments, including the effect of changing interest rates on expected prepayments and maturities. When deemed prudent, management has taken actions to mitigate exposure to interest rate risk through the use of on- or off-balance sheet financial instruments and intends to do so in the future. Possible actions include, but are not limited to, changes in the pricing of loan and deposit products, modifying the composition of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and adding to, modifying or terminating existing interest rate swap agreements or other financial instruments used for interest rate risk management purposes.
The accompanying table as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 displays the estimated impact on net interest income in the base scenario described above resulting from parallel changes in interest rates across repricing categories during the first modeling year.
SENSITIVITY OF NET INTEREST INCOME
TO CHANGES IN INTEREST RATES
Calculated Increase (Decrease)
in Projected Net Interest Income
Changes in interest rates
+200 basis points
74,403
37,513
+100 basis points
48,594
36,727
-100 basis points
(103,842
(114,307
The Company utilized many assumptions to calculate the impact that changes in interest rates may have on net interest income. The more significant of those assumptions included the rate of prepayments of mortgage-related assets, cash flows from derivative and other financial instruments held for non-trading purposes, loan and deposit volumes and pricing, and deposit maturities. In the scenarios presented, the Company also assumed gradual changes in interest rates during a twelve-month period as compared with the base scenario. In the declining rate scenario, the rate changes may be limited to lesser amounts such that interest rates remain positive on all points of the yield curve. The assumptions used in interest rate sensitivity modeling are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the Company cannot precisely predict the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income. Actual results may differ significantly from those presented due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of changes in interest rates and changes in market conditions and interest rate differentials (spreads) between maturity/repricing categories, as well as any actions, such as those previously described, which management may take to counter such changes. The sensitivity of net interest income to changes in interest rates has lessened as of September 30, 2019 as compared with December 31, 2018 as the Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements to mitigate exposure to declining interest rates. The Company has also entered into interest rate floor agreements that are included in the trading account. Such floor agreements provide the Company with protection against the possibility of future declines in interest rates on its earning assets. In light of the uncertainties and assumptions associated with the process, the amounts presented in the table are not considered significant to the Company’s past or projected net interest income.
Changes in fair value of the Company’s financial instruments can also result from a lack of trading activity for similar instruments in the financial markets. That impact is most notable on the values assigned to some of the Company’s investment securities. Information about the fair valuation of investment securities is presented herein under the heading “Capital” and in notes 2 and 13 of Notes to Financial Statements.
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The Company engages in limited trading account activities to meet the financial needs of customers and to fund the Company’s obligations under certain deferred compensation plans. Financial instruments utilized for trading account activities consist predominantly of interest rate contracts, such as interest rate swap agreements, and forward and futures contracts related to foreign currencies. The Company generally mitigates the foreign currency and interest rate risk associated with trading account activities by entering into offsetting trading positions that are also included in the trading account. The fair values of trading account positions associated with interest rate contracts and foreign currency and other option and futures contracts are presented in note 11 of Notes to Financial Statements. The amounts of gross and net trading account positions, as well as the type of trading account activities conducted by the Company, are subject to a well-defined series of potential loss exposure limits established by management and approved by M&T’s Board of Directors. However, as with any non-government guaranteed financial instrument, the Company is exposed to credit risk associated with counterparties to the Company’s trading account activities.
The notional amounts of interest rate contracts entered into for trading account purposes totaled $47.6 billion at September 30, 2019, $40.3 billion at September 30, 2018 and $42.9 billion at December 31, 2018. The notional amounts of foreign currency and other option and futures contracts entered into for trading account purposes were $843 million at September 30, 2019, compared with $869 million at September 30, 2018 and $763 million at December 31, 2018. Although the notional amounts of these contracts are not recorded in the consolidated balance sheet, the unsettled fair values of all financial instruments used for trading account activities are recorded in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of all trading account assets and liabilities recognized on the balance sheet were $614 million and $82 million, respectively, at September 30, 2019 and $186 million and $178 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018. The increase in the fair value of trading account assets at September 30, 2019 reflects the impact of declining rates on the fair value of interest rate swap agreements executed with customers. The fair value asset and liability amounts at September 30, 2019 have been reduced by contractual settlements of $17 million and $391 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2018 have been reduced by contractual settlements of $171 million and $50 million, respectively. Included in trading account assets were assets related to deferred compensation plans aggregating $21 million at each of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, and $22 million at September 30, 2018. Changes in the fair values of such assets are recorded as “trading account and foreign exchange gains” in the consolidated statement of income. Included in “other liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2019 were $25 million of liabilities related to deferred compensation plans, compared with $27 million at September 30, 2018 and $25 million at December 31, 2018. Changes in the balances of such liabilities due to the valuation of allocated investment options to which the liabilities are indexed are recorded in “other costs of operations” in the consolidated statement of income. Also included in trading account assets were investments in mutual funds and other assets that the Company was required to hold under terms of certain non-qualified supplemental retirement and other benefit plans that were assumed by the Company in various acquisitions. Those assets totaled $28 million at September 30, 2019, $26 million at September 30, 2018 and $25 million at December 31, 2018.
Given the Company’s policies, limits and positions, management believes that the potential loss exposure to the Company resulting from market risk associated with trading account activities was not material, however, as previously noted, the Company is exposed to credit risk associated with counterparties to transactions related to the Company’s trading account activities. Additional information about the Company’s use of derivative financial instruments in its trading account activities is included in note 11 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Provision for Credit Losses
The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses that in management’s judgment appropriately reflects losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio. A provision for credit losses is recorded to adjust the level of the allowance as deemed necessary by management. The provision for credit losses in the third quarter of 2019 was $45 million, compared with $16 million in the year-earlier quarter and $55 million in the second quarter of 2019. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the provision for credit losses totaled $122 million and $94 million, respectively. Net charge-offs of loans were $36 million in the recent quarter, compared with $16 million and $44 million in the third quarter of 2018 and the second quarter of 2019, respectively. Net charge-offs as an
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annualized percentage of average loans and leases were .16% in the recent quarter, .07% in the year-earlier quarter and .20% in the second quarter of 2019. Net charge-offs for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were $103 million and $92 million, respectively, representing an annualized .15% and .14%, respectively, of average loans and leases. A summary of net charge-offs by loan type is presented in the table that follows.
NET CHARGE-OFFS (RECOVERIES)
BY LOAN/LEASE TYPE
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Year-
to-date
706
10,102
8,948
19,756
(543
9,200
(549
8,108
1,542
1,749
1,210
4,501
20,402
23,419
26,821
70,642
22,107
44,470
36,430
103,007
9,758
8,491
4,669
22,918
3,111
(12,636
(8,382
2,844
2,166
26,782
21,655
22,044
70,481
40,527
35,423
15,760
91,710
Reflected in net recoveries of commercial real estate loans in the third quarter of 2018 was a $13 million recovery of a previously charged-off loan associated with a hotel property. Included in net charge-offs of consumer loans were: automobile loans of $7 million in each of the third quarters of 2019 and 2018 and $6 million in the second quarter of 2019; recreational finance loans of $7 million in the third quarter of 2019 and $5 million in each of the year-earlier quarter and the second 2019 quarter; and home equity loans and lines of credit secured by one-to-four family residential properties of $2 million in the recent quarter and $1 million in each of last year’s third quarter and the second quarter of 2019.
Loans acquired in connection with acquisition transactions subsequent to 2008 were recorded at fair value with no carry-over of any previously recorded allowance for credit losses. Determining the fair value of the acquired loans required estimating cash flows expected to be collected on the loans and discounting those cash flows at then-current interest rates. For acquired loans where fair value was less than outstanding principal as of the acquisition date and the resulting discount was due, at least in part, to credit deterioration, the excess of expected cash flows over the carrying value of the loans is recognized as interest income over the lives of loans. The difference between contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected is referred to as the nonaccretable balance and is not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet. The nonaccretable balance reflects estimated future credit losses and other contractually required payments that the Company does not expect to collect. The Company regularly evaluates the reasonableness of its cash flow projections associated with such loans, including its estimates of lifetime principal losses. Any decreases to the expected cash flows require the Company to evaluate the need for an additional allowance for credit losses and could lead to charge-offs of loan balances. Any significant increases in expected cash flows result in additional interest income to be recognized over the then-remaining lives of the loans. The carrying amount of loans acquired at a discount subsequent to 2008 and accounted for based on expected cash flows was $621 million, $797 million and $727 million at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The nonaccretable balance related to remaining principal losses associated with loans acquired at a discount as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is presented in the accompanying table.
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NONACCRETABLE BALANCE - PRINCIPAL
Remaining balance
754
3,106
2,317
7,545
16,384
25,817
988
6,099
20,443
42,567
For acquired loans where the fair value exceeded the outstanding principal balance, the resulting premium is recognized as a reduction of interest income over the lives of the loans. Immediately following the acquisition date and thereafter, an allowance for credit losses is recorded for incurred losses inherent in the portfolio, consistent with the accounting for originated loans and leases. The carrying amount of loans acquired in 2015 at a premium was $7.9 billion and $9.3 billion at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. GAAP does not allow the credit loss component of the net premium associated with those loans to be bifurcated and accounted for as a nonaccreting balance as is the case with purchased impaired loans and other loans acquired at a discount. Rather, subsequent to the acquisition date, incurred losses associated with those loans are evaluated using methods consistent with those applied to originated loans and such losses are considered by management in evaluating the Company’s allowance for credit losses.
Nonaccrual loans were $1.01 billion or 1.12% of total loans and leases outstanding at September 30, 2019, compared with $871 million or 1.00% a year earlier, $894 million or 1.01% at December 31, 2018 and $865 million or .96% at June 30, 2019. The higher balance at September 30, 2019 reflects the addition of a commercial loan for $119 million to a wholesale distributor.
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more (excluding loans acquired at a discount) aggregated $461 million, or .51% of total loans and leases at September 30, 2019, compared with $254 million or .29% at September 30, 2018, $223 million or .25% at December 31, 2018 and $349 million or .39% at June 30, 2019. Those amounts included loans guaranteed by government-related entities of $434 million, $195 million, $192 million and $320 million at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Guaranteed loans included one-to-four family residential mortgage loans serviced by the Company that were repurchased to reduce associated servicing costs, including a requirement to advance to investors principal and interest payments that had not been received from individual mortgagors. Despite the loans being purchased by the Company, the insurance or guarantee by the applicable government-related entity remains in force. The outstanding principal balances of the repurchased loans that are guaranteed by government-related entities totaled $410 million at September 30, 2019, $169 million a year earlier, $165 million at December 31, 2018 and $300 million at June 30, 2019. The increase in such loans at the recent quarter-end and at June 30, 2019 as compared with the prior dates resulted from repurchases of loans associated with the servicing the Company added in 2019. The remaining accruing loans past due 90 days or more not guaranteed by government-related entities were loans considered to be with creditworthy borrowers that were in the process of collection or renewal.
Purchased impaired loans are loans obtained in acquisition transactions subsequent to 2008 that as of the acquisition date were specifically identified as displaying signs of credit deterioration and for which the Company did not expect to collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Those loans were impaired at the date of acquisition, were recorded at estimated fair value and were generally delinquent in payments, but, in accordance with GAAP, the Company continues to accrue interest income on such loans based on the estimated expected cash flows associated with the loans. The carrying amount of such loans was $253 million at September 30, 2019 or .3% of total loans, compared with $326 million at September 30, 2018 and $303 million at December 31, 2018.
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The Company modified the terms of select loans in an effort to assist borrowers. If the borrower was experiencing financial difficulty and a concession was granted, the Company considered such modifications as troubled debt restructurings. Loan modifications included such actions as the extension of loan maturity dates and the lowering of interest rates and monthly payments. The objective of the modifications was to increase loan repayments by customers and thereby reduce net charge-offs. In accordance with GAAP, the modified loans are included in impaired loans for purposes of determining the level of the allowance for credit losses. Information about modifications of loans that are considered troubled debt restructurings is included in note 3 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Residential real estate loans modified under specified loss mitigation programs prescribed by government guarantors have not been included in renegotiated loans because the loan guarantee remains in full force and, accordingly, the Company has not granted a concession with respect to the ultimate collection of the original loan balance. Such loans aggregated $177 million at September 30, 2019 and $179 million at each of September 30 and December 31, 2018.
Commercial loans and leases classified as nonaccrual were $383 million, $235 million, $234 million and $224 million at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The increase in such loans in the recent quarter as compared with the prior dates was due largely to a $119 million addition of a loan to a wholesale distributor. The classification of that loan was the factor leading to the net increase in the allowance for credit losses for individually evaluated commercial loans and leases as of September 30, 2019 presented in note 3 of Notes to Financial Statements as compared with June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Commercial real estate loans in nonaccrual status totaled $221 million, $229 million, $231 million and $242 million at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Nonaccrual commercial real estate loans included construction-related loans of $36 million at September 30, 2019, $22 million at September 30, 2018, $27 million at December 31, 2018 and $39 million at June 30, 2019.
Nonaccrual residential real estate loans aggregated $305 million at September 30, 2019, compared with $310 million at September 30, 2018, $318 million at December 31, 2018 and $298 million at June 30, 2019. Included in residential real estate loans classified as nonaccrual were limited documentation first mortgage loans of $82 million at each of September 30, 2019 and 2018, $85 million at December 31, 2018 and $88 million at June 30, 2019. Limited documentation first mortgage loans represent loans secured by residential real estate that at origination typically included some form of limited borrower documentation requirements as compared with more traditional loans. The Company no longer originates limited documentation loans. Residential real estate loans past due 90 days or more and accruing interest (excluding loans acquired at a discount) aggregated $440 million at September 30, 2019, compared with $194 million at September 30, 2018, $190 million at December 31, 2018 and $322 million at June 30, 2019. A substantial portion of such amounts related to guaranteed loans repurchased from government-related entities, including the previously disclosed repurchases of loans associated with servicing that the Company added in 2019. Information about the location of nonaccrual and charged-off residential real estate loans as of and for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 is presented in the accompanying table.
Consumer loans in nonaccrual status amounted to $96 million at September 30, 2019, compared with $97 million at September 30, 2018, $110 million at December 31, 2018 and $101 million at June 30, 2019. Included in nonaccrual consumer loans at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019 were: automobile loans of $21 million, $21 million, $23 million and $20 million, respectively; recreational finance loans of $12 million, $8 million, $11 million and $11 million, respectively; and outstanding balances of home equity loans and lines of credit of $60 million, $66 million, $71 million and $67 million, respectively. Information about the location of nonaccrual and charged-off home equity loans and lines of credit as of and for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 is presented in the accompanying table.
Information about past due and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is also included in note 3 of Notes to Financial Statements.
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SELECTED RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE-RELATED LOAN DATA
Quarter Ended
Net Charge-offs (Recoveries)
Percent of
Balances
Residential mortgages:
4,907,185
71,216
1.45
(264
%)
Pennsylvania
1,159,641
14,739
1.27
.06
Maryland
1,110,537
11,530
1.04
New Jersey
3,231,053
56,462
1.75
195
Other Mid-Atlantic (a)
1,002,556
7,816
.78
2,802,555
60,563
2.16
570
.08
14,213,527
222,326
1.56
Residential construction loans:
27,137
.54
9,375
2.56
19,252
830
4.31
11,335
.20
(.10
89,232
1,240
1.39
Limited documentation first mortgages:
972,924
31,136
3.20
48,217
5,401
11.20
.16
26,331
2,526
9.59
(.89
821,288
23,436
2.85
478
.22
22,729
4.33
306,707
18,196
5.93
50
3.72
First lien home equity loans and lines of credit:
1,135,087
13,929
1.23
370
.13
691,468
7,706
1.11
297
.17
569,742
5,898
334
.23
69,861
625
.89
187,929
2,305
(1,432
(2.97
33,518
1,354
4.04
43
.51
2,687,605
31,817
1.18
(390
(.06
Junior lien home equity loans and lines of credit:
696,024
14,665
2.11
248
.14
260,631
2,541
.97
71
.11
542,698
6,642
1.22
219
97,883
1,165
1.19
1,453
5.80
246,857
1,905
.77
105
42,165
2.08
354
3.33
1,886,258
27,793
1.47
2,450
Limited documentation junior lien:
577
48.68
266
1,198
(9.53
241
59
24.48
112
144.52
539
33
6.12
3,108
213
6.85
(.35
5,929
305
5.14
152
9.96
Includes Delaware, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.
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Real estate and other foreclosed assets totaled $80 million at September 30, 2019, compared with $87 million at September 30, 2018, $78 million at December 31, 2018 and $73 million at June 30, 2019. Net gains or losses associated with real estate and other foreclosed assets were not material during the three-months ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 or June 30, 2019. At September 30, 2019, the Company’s holdings of residential real estate-related properties comprised approximately 88% of foreclosed assets.
A comparative summary of nonperforming assets and certain past due, renegotiated and impaired loan data and credit quality ratios is presented in the accompanying table.
NONPERFORMING ASSET AND PAST DUE, RENOGIATED AND IMPAIRED LOAN DATA
2019 Quarters
2018 Quarters
Third
Second
First
Fourth
Nonaccrual loans
865,384
881,611
870,832
Real estate and other foreclosed assets
79,735
72,907
81,335
78,375
87,333
Total nonperforming assets
1,084,984
938,291
962,946
971,983
958,165
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more(a)
348,725
244,257
254,360
Government guaranteed loans included in totals above:
43,144
36,765
35,481
34,667
33,570
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
434,132
320,305
194,510
192,443
195,450
Renegotiated loans
240,781
254,332
267,952
245,367
242,892
Acquired accruing loans past due 90 days or more(b)
43,079
43,995
44,223
Purchased impaired loans(c):
Outstanding customer balance
453,382
473,834
495,163
529,520
572,979
Carrying amount
263,025
278,783
325,980
Nonaccrual loans to total loans and leases, net of
unearned discount
1.12
.96
.99
1.01
1.00
Nonperforming assets to total net loans and leases and
real estate and other foreclosed assets
1.21
1.09
1.10
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more(a) to total
loans and leases, net of unearned discount
.39
.28
.25
.29
(a)Excludes loans acquired at a discount. Predominantly residential real estate loans.
Management determined the allowance for credit losses by performing ongoing evaluations of the loan and lease portfolio, including such factors as the differing economic risks associated with each loan category, the financial condition of specific borrowers, the economic environment in which borrowers operate, the level of delinquent loans, the value of any collateral and, where applicable, the existence of any guarantees or indemnifications. Management evaluated the impact of changes in interest rates and overall economic conditions on the ability of borrowers to meet repayment obligations when quantifying the Company’s exposure to credit losses and the allowance for such losses as of each reporting date. Factors also considered by management when performing its assessment, in addition to general economic conditions and the other factors described above, included, but were not limited to: (i) the impact of real estate values on the Company’s portfolio of loans secured by commercial and residential real estate; (ii) the concentrations of commercial real estate loans in the Company’s loan portfolio; (iii) the amount of commercial and industrial loans to businesses in areas of New York State outside of the New York City metropolitan area and in central Pennsylvania that have historically experienced less economic growth and vitality than the vast majority of other regions of the country; (iv) the expected repayment performance associated with the Company’s first and second lien loans secured by residential real estate; and (v) the size of the
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Company’s portfolio of loans to individual consumers, which historically have experienced higher net charge-offs as a percentage of loans outstanding than other loan types. The level of the allowance is adjusted based on the results of management’s analysis.
Management cautiously and conservatively evaluated the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2019 in light of: (i) residential real estate values and the level of delinquencies of loans secured by residential real estate; (ii) economic conditions in the markets served by the Company; (iii) slower growth in private sector employment in upstate New York and central Pennsylvania than in other regions served by the Company and nationally; (iv) the significant subjectivity involved in commercial real estate valuations; and (v) the amount and type of loan growth experienced by the Company. While there has been general improvement in economic conditions in recent years, concerns exist about the ongoing sustainability of such improvements; the volatile nature of global commodity and export markets, including the impact international economic conditions could have on the U.S. economy; Federal Reserve positioning of monetary policy; and continued stagnant population growth in the upstate New York and central Pennsylvania regions (approximately 53% of the Company’s loans and leases are to customers in New York State and Pennsylvania).
The Company utilizes a loan grading system to differentiate risk amongst its commercial loans and commercial real estate loans. Loans with a lower expectation of default are assigned one of ten possible “pass” loan grades and are generally ascribed lower loss factors when determining the allowance for credit losses. Loans with an elevated level of credit risk are classified as “criticized” and are ascribed a higher loss factor when determining the allowance for credit losses. Criticized loans may be classified as “nonaccrual” if the Company no longer expects to collect all amounts according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is delinquent 90 days or more. Criticized commercial loans and commercial real estate loans totaled $2.6 billion at September 30, 2019, compared with $2.3 billion at September 30, 2018, $2.7 billion at December 31, 2018 and $2.8 billion at June 30, 2019. The increase in criticized loans from September 30, 2018 to December 31, 2018 reflected loans to three customers each operating in different industries and geographic regions, that were added to this classification in the fourth quarter of 2018. The decline in criticized loans from June 30, 2019 to September 30, 2019 reflects paydowns and upgrades to such loans (largely commercial real estate loans) resulting from improvement in the borrowers’ financial condition. Given payment performance, amount of supporting collateral, and, in certain instances, the existence of loan guarantees, the Company still expects to collect the full outstanding principal balance on most criticized loans.
Loan officers in different geographic locations with the support of the Company’s credit department personnel continuously review and reassign loan grades based on their detailed knowledge of individual borrowers and their judgment of the impact on such borrowers resulting from changing conditions in their respective regions. At least annually, updated financial information is obtained from commercial borrowers associated with pass grade loans and additional analysis is performed. On a quarterly basis, the Company’s centralized credit department reviews all criticized commercial loans and commercial real estate loans greater than $1 million to determine the appropriateness of the assigned loan grade, including whether the loan should be reported as accruing or nonaccruing. For criticized nonaccrual loans, additional meetings are held with loan officers and their managers, workout specialists and senior management to discuss each of the relationships. In analyzing criticized loans, borrower-specific information is reviewed, including operating results, future cash flows, recent developments and the borrower’s outlook, and other pertinent data. The timing and extent of potential losses, considering collateral valuation and other factors, and the Company’s potential courses of action are contemplated. To the extent that these loans are collateral-dependent, they are evaluated based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral as estimated at or near the financial statement date. As the quality of a loan deteriorates to the point of classifying the loan as “criticized,” the process of obtaining updated collateral valuation information is usually initiated, unless it is not considered warranted given factors such as the relative size of the loan, the characteristics of the collateral or the age of the last valuation. In those cases where current appraisals may not yet be available, prior appraisals are utilized with adjustments, as deemed necessary, for estimates of subsequent declines in value as determined by line of business and/or loan workout personnel in the respective geographic regions. Those adjustments are reviewed and assessed for reasonableness by the Company’s credit department. Accordingly, for real estate collateral securing larger commercial loans and commercial real estate loans, estimated collateral values are based on current appraisals and estimates of value. For non-real estate loans, collateral is assigned a discounted estimated liquidation value and,
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depending on the nature of the collateral, is verified through field exams or other procedures. In assessing collateral, real estate and non-real estate values are reduced by an estimate of selling costs.
With regard to residential real estate loans, the Company’s loss identification and estimation techniques make reference to loan performance and house price data in specific areas of the country where collateral securing the Company’s residential real estate loans is located. For residential real estate-related loans, including home equity loans and lines of credit, the excess of the loan balance over the net realizable value of the property collateralizing the loan is charged-off when the loan becomes 150 days delinquent. That charge-off is based on recent indications of value from external parties that are generally obtained shortly after a loan becomes nonaccrual. Loans to consumers that file for bankruptcy are generally charged off to estimated net collateral value shortly after the Company is notified of such filings. At September 30, 2019, approximately 59% of the Company’s home equity portfolio consisted of first lien loans and lines of credit. Of the remaining junior lien loans in the portfolio, approximately 61% (or approximately 24% of the aggregate home equity portfolio) consisted of junior lien loans that were behind a first lien mortgage loan that was not owned or serviced by the Company. To the extent known by the Company, if a senior lien loan would be on nonaccrual status because of payment delinquency, even if such senior lien loan was not owned by the Company, the junior lien loan or line that is owned by the Company is placed on nonaccrual status. At September 30, 2019, the balance of junior lien loans and lines that were in nonaccrual status solely as a result of first lien loan performance was $2 million, compared with $9 million at September 30, 2018, $10 million at December 31, 2018 and $5 million at June 30, 2019. In monitoring the credit quality of its home equity portfolio for purposes of determining the allowance for credit losses, the Company reviews delinquency and nonaccrual information and considers recent charge-off experience. When evaluating individual home equity loans and lines of credit for charge off and for purposes of estimating incurred losses in determining the allowance for credit losses, the Company gives consideration to the required repayment of any first lien positions related to collateral property. Home equity line of credit terms vary but such lines are generally originated with an open draw period of ten years followed by an amortization period of up to twenty years. At September 30, 2019, approximately 82% of all outstanding balances of home equity lines of credit related to lines that were still in the draw period, the weighted-average remaining draw periods were approximately five years, and approximately 25% were making contractually allowed payments that do not include any repayment of principal.
Factors that influence the Company’s credit loss experience include overall economic conditions affecting businesses and consumers, generally, but also residential and commercial real estate valuations, in particular, given the size of the Company’s real estate loan portfolios. Commercial real estate valuations can be highly subjective, as they are based upon many assumptions. Such valuations can be significantly affected over relatively short periods of time by changes in business climate, economic conditions, interest rates and, in many cases, the results of operations of businesses and other occupants of the real property. Similarly, residential real estate valuations can be impacted by housing trends, the availability of financing at reasonable interest rates, and general economic conditions affecting consumers.
In determining the allowance for credit losses, the Company estimates losses attributable to specific troubled credits identified through both normal and targeted credit review processes and also estimates losses inherent in other loans and leases. In quantifying incurred losses, the Company considers the factors and uses the techniques described herein and in note 3 of Notes to Financial Statements. For purposes of determining the level of the allowance for credit losses, the Company segments its loan and lease portfolio by loan type. The amount of specific loss components in the Company’s loan and lease portfolios is determined through a loan-by-loan analysis of commercial loans and commercial real estate loans in nonaccrual status. Measurement of the specific loss components is typically based on expected future cash flows, collateral values or other factors that may impact the borrower’s ability to pay. Losses associated with residential real estate loans and consumer loans are generally determined by reference to recent charge-off history and are evaluated (and adjusted if deemed appropriate) through consideration of other factors including near-term forecasted loss estimates developed by the Company’s credit department. These forecasts give consideration to overall borrower repayment performance and current geographic region changes in collateral values using third party published historical price indices or automated valuation methodologies. With regard to collateral values, the realizability of such values by the Company contemplates repayment of any first lien position prior to recovering amounts on a junior lien position. Approximately 41% of the
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Company’s home equity portfolio consists of junior lien loans and lines of credit. Except for consumer loans and residential real estate loans that are considered smaller balance homogeneous loans and are evaluated collectively and loans obtained at a discount in acquisition transactions, the Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is delinquent 90 days or more and has been placed in nonaccrual status. Those impaired loans are evaluated for specific loss components. Modified loans, including smaller balance homogenous loans, that are considered to be troubled debt restructurings are evaluated for impairment giving consideration to the impact of the modified loan terms on the present value of the loan’s expected cash flows. Loans less than 90 days delinquent are deemed to have a minimal delay in payment and are generally not considered to be impaired. For loans acquired at a discount, the impact of estimated future credit losses represents the predominant difference between contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected. Subsequent decreases to those expected cash flows require the Company to evaluate the need for an additional allowance for credit losses and could lead to charge-offs of acquired loan balances. Additional information regarding the Company’s process for determining the allowance for credit losses is included in note 3 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Management believes that the allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2019 appropriately reflected credit losses inherent in the portfolio as of that date. The allowance for credit losses totaled $1.04 billion at September 30, 2019 and $1.02 billion at each of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018. As a percentage of loans and leases outstanding, the allowance was 1.16% at September 30, 2019, 1.18% at September 30, 2018 and 1.15% at December 31, 2018. The level of the allowance reflects management’s evaluation of the loan and lease portfolio using the methodology and considering the factors as described herein. Should the various credit factors considered by management in establishing the allowance for credit losses change and should management’s assessment of losses inherent in the loan portfolio also change, the level of the allowance as a percentage of loans could increase or decrease in future periods. The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans was 103% at September 30, 2019, 117% at September 30, 2018 and 114% at December 31, 2018. Given the Company’s general position as a secured lender and its practice of charging-off loan balances when collection is deemed doubtful, that ratio and changes in that ratio are generally not an indicative measure of the adequacy of the Company’s allowance for credit losses, nor does management rely upon that ratio in assessing the adequacy of the Company’s allowance for credit losses. The level of the allowance reflects management’s evaluation of the loan and lease portfolio as of each respective date.
Other Income
Other income totaled $528 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $459 million in the year-earlier quarter and $512 million in the second quarter of 2019. The recent quarter’s improvement as compared with the third quarter of 2018 reflected higher mortgage banking revenues, trust income, and trading account and foreign exchange gains. A rise in mortgage banking revenues in the recent quarter was the main factor contributing to the increase from 2019’s second quarter.
Mortgage banking revenues were $137 million in the recent quarter, compared with $88 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $107 million in the second quarter of 2019. Mortgage banking revenues are comprised of both residential and commercial mortgage banking activities. The Company’s involvement in commercial mortgage banking activities includes the origination, sales and servicing of loans under the multi-family loan programs of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Residential mortgage banking revenues, consisting of realized gains from sales of residential real estate loans and loan servicing rights, unrealized gains and losses on residential real estate loans held for sale and related commitments, residential real estate loan servicing fees, and other residential real estate loan-related fees and income, were $88 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $59 million in the year-earlier quarter and $72 million in 2019’s second quarter. The higher revenues in the recent quarter as compared with the prior quarters resulted from increased servicing income and higher gains associated with loans held for sale.
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New commitments to originate residential real estate loans to be sold were approximately $835 million in the recent quarter, compared with $545 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $723 million in the second 2019 quarter. Realized gains from sales of residential real estate loans and loan servicing rights and recognized net unrealized gains or losses attributable to residential real estate loans held for sale, commitments to originate loans for sale and commitments to sell loans totaled to gains of $23 million in the third quarter of 2019, $12 million in the year-earlier quarter and $13 million in the second quarter of 2019.
Loans held for sale that were secured by residential real estate aggregated $391 million at September 30, 2019, $258 million at September 30, 2018 and $205 million at December 31, 2018. Commitments to sell residential real estate loans and commitments to originate residential real estate loans for sale at pre-determined rates totaled $759 million and $530 million, respectively, at September 30, 2019, compared with $459 million and $308 million, respectively, at September 30, 2018 and $364 million and $245 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018. Net recognized unrealized gains on residential real estate loans held for sale, commitments to sell loans, and commitments to originate loans for sale were $12 million and $10 million at September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively, compared with $7 million at December 31, 2018. Changes in such net unrealized gains are recorded in mortgage banking revenues and resulted in net increases in revenues of $2 million in each of the second and third quarters of 2019 and a net decrease in revenues of $1 million in the third quarter of 2018.
Revenues from servicing residential real estate loans for others were $65 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2019, compared with $47 million and $59 million during the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Residential real estate loans serviced for others totaled $98.3 billion at September 30, 2019, $82.7 billion at September 30, 2018, $79.1 billion at December 31, 2018 and $102.9 billion at June 30, 2019. On January 31, 2019, the Company purchased servicing rights for residential real estate loans that had outstanding principal balances of $13.1 billion. The purchase price of such servicing rights was approximately $145 million. Capitalized residential mortgage servicing assets aggregated $226 million at September 30, 2019 (net of a $23 million valuation allowance), $121 million at each of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018 and $245 million at June 30, 2019 (net of a $9 million valuation allowance). A provision for impairment of capitalized residential mortgage servicing rights of $14 million was recorded in the recent quarter, resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of capitalized mortgage servicing rights that reflected the impact of lower interest rates on the expected rate of residential mortgage loan prepayments. A similar provision was recorded in the second quarter of 2019 for $9 million. Reflected in residential real estate loans serviced for others were loans sub-serviced for others of $65.1 billion, $60.3 billion, $56.8 billion and $68.7 billion at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Revenues earned for sub-servicing loans totaled $33 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared with $28 million in the year-earlier period and $29 million in the second quarter of 2019. The Company added approximately $7.9 billion to its residential real estate loan sub-servicing portfolio on April 2, 2019. In addition, on June 4, 2019, an additional $8.7 billion of residential real estate loans were added to the Company’s sub-servicing portfolio. The contractual servicing rights associated with loans sub-serviced by the Company were predominantly held by affiliates of BLG. Information about the Company’s relationship with BLG and its affiliates is included in note 16 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Commercial mortgage banking revenues totaled $49 million in the recent quarter, compared with $29 million and $35 million in the third quarter of 2018 and the second quarter of 2019, respectively. Included in such amounts were revenues from loan origination and sales activities of $32 million in the third quarter of 2019, $15 million in the year-earlier quarter and $21 million in the second quarter of 2019. Commercial real estate loans originated for sale to other investors were approximately $1.5 billion in the recent quarter, compared with $920 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $1.1 billion in the second 2019 quarter. Loan servicing revenues totaled $17 million in the recent quarter and $14 million in each of the third quarter of 2018 and the second quarter of 2019. Capitalized commercial mortgage servicing assets were $128 million at September 30, 2019 and $115 million at each of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018. Commercial real estate loans serviced for other investors totaled $20.5 billion at September 30, 2019, $17.7 billion a year earlier and $18.2 billion at December 31, 2018 and included $3.8 billion, $3.3 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, of loan balances for which investors had recourse to the Company if such balances are ultimately uncollectible. Commitments to sell commercial real estate loans and commitments to originate commercial real estate loans for sale were $591 million and $393 million, respectively, at September 30, 2019, $536
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million and $154 million, respectively, at September 30, 2018 and $577 million and $229 million, respectively, at December 31, 2018. Commercial real estate loans held for sale at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018 were $197 million, $381 million and $347 million, respectively.
Service charges on deposit accounts were $111 million and $109 million in the third quarters of 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $108 million in the second quarter of 2019.
Trust income includes fees related to two significant businesses. The Institutional Client Services (“ICS”) business provides a variety of trustee, agency, investment management and administrative services for corporations and institutions, investment bankers, corporate tax, finance and legal executives, and other institutional clients who: (i) use capital markets financing structures; (ii) use independent trustees to hold retirement plan and other assets; and (iii) need investment and cash management services. The Wealth Advisory Services (“WAS”) business helps high net worth clients grow their wealth, protect it, and transfer it to their heirs. A comprehensive array of wealth management services are offered, including asset management, fiduciary services and family office services. Trust income aggregated $144 million in each of the second and third quarters of 2019, compared with $134 million in the third quarter of 2018. Revenues associated with the ICS business were approximately $79 million, $67 million and $77 million during the quarters ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The higher revenues in the two most recent quarters reflect the impact of sales activities and higher retirement services income from growth in collective fund balances. Revenues attributable to WAS totaled approximately $57 million, $58 million and $60 million for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The higher revenue in 2019’s second quarter reflected annual tax service fees earned for assisting customers with their tax filings. Trust assets under management were $107.0 billion, $87.8 billion and $97.6 billion at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. The higher balance at September 30, 2019 largely reflects growth in the ICS business. Trust assets under management include the Company’s proprietary mutual funds’ assets of $12.3 billion, $10.2 billion and $11.8 billion at September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Additional trust income from investment management activities was $8 million during each of the quarters ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, compared with $7 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2019, and is predominantly comprised of fees earned from retail customer investment accounts. The Company’s trust income from the previously noted affiliated asset manager was not material during any of the quarters referenced herein. In July 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its non-controlling interest in that entity. The sale was closed effective September 30, 2019. Assets managed by the affiliated manager totaled $3.8 billion at June 30, 2019, $5.6 billion at September 30, 2018 and $4.2 billion at December 31, 2018.
Brokerage services income, which includes revenues from the sale of mutual funds and annuities and securities brokerage fees, totaled $12 million in each of the third quarters of 2019 and 2018 and the second quarter of 2019. Trading account and foreign exchange activity resulted in gains of $16 million and $6 million during the quarters ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $18 million in the second 2019 quarter. The higher level of such gains in the two most recent quarters as compared with the third quarter of 2018 reflects increased gains related to interest rate swap transactions executed on behalf of commercial customers. Information about the notional amount of interest rate, foreign exchange and other contracts entered into by the Company for trading account purposes is included in note 11 of Notes to Financial Statements and herein under the heading “Taxable-equivalent Net Interest Income.”
The Company recognized net gains on investment securities of $4 million and $9 million in the third and second quarters of 2019, respectively, compared with losses of $3 million in the third quarter of 2018, consisting predominantly of unrealized gains and losses on investments in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred stock.
Other revenues from operations were $104 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $114 million in the corresponding 2018 period and $113 million in the second quarter of 2019. The recent quarter’s decline as compared with the year-earlier quarter reflected lower letter of credit and other credit-related fees, including loan syndication fees. As compared with the second quarter of 2019, lower insurance-related fees and bank owned life insurance income contributed to the recent quarter’s decline. Included in other revenues from operations were the following significant components. Letter of credit and other credit-related fees aggregated $28 million in the recent
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quarter, compared with $36 million in the year-earlier quarter and $29 million in the second quarter of 2019. Revenues from merchant discount and credit card fees were $31 million in each of the third and second quarters of 2019, compared with $30 million in 2018’s third quarter. Tax-exempt income from bank owned life insurance, which includes increases in the cash surrender value of life insurance policies and benefits received, totaled $12 million in the third quarter of 2019 and $14 million in each of the third quarter of 2018 and the second quarter of 2019. Insurance-related sales commissions and other revenues totaled $10 million in the recently completed quarter, compared with $11 million and $12 million in 2018’s third quarter and the second 2019 quarter, respectively.
Other income aggregated $1.54 billion during the first nine months of 2019, compared with $1.38 billion in the first three quarters of 2018. That improvement reflected higher mortgage banking revenues, trading account and foreign exchange gains, gains on bank investment securities, trust income and income from BLG.
Mortgage banking revenues totaled $340 million during the first nine months of 2019, compared with $268 million during the corresponding 2018 period. Residential mortgage banking revenues aggregated $226 million and $182 million during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. New commitments to originate residential real estate loans to be sold aggregated $2.0 billion and $1.8 billion in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. Realized gains from sales of residential real estate loans and loan servicing rights and recognized unrealized gains and losses on residential real estate loans held for sale, commitments to originate loans for sale and commitments to sell loans aggregated to gains of $46 million and $36 million in the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Revenues from servicing residential real estate loans for others were $180 million in the first nine months of 2019 and $146 million in the similar 2018 period. Included in servicing revenues were sub-servicing revenues aggregating $90 million and $86 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, commercial mortgage banking revenues were $114 million and $86 million in 2019 and 2018, respectively. That increase resulted predominantly from revenues associated with loan origination activities. Commercial real estate loans originated for sale to other investors totaled $3.3 billion and $2.7 billion during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Service charges on deposit accounts aggregated $322 million during the first nine months of 2019, compared with $321 million in the year-earlier period. Trust income totaled $421 million and $403 million during the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in trust income was largely due to higher revenues from the ICS business, reflecting both sales activities and higher retirement services income from growth in collective fund balances, partially offset by lower revenues from the WAS business reflecting, in part, lower recurring fees due to product mix, competitive factors and lower sales. Brokerage services income totaled $37 million in the first nine months of 2019, compared with $38 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018. Trading account and foreign exchange activity resulted in gains of $45 million and $16 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The significantly higher gains in the 2019 period were predominantly due to increased gains associated with interest rate swap agreements executed on behalf of commercial customers and valuation changes on interest rate floor agreements.
Other revenues from operations totaled $351 million in the first three quarters of 2019, compared with $340 million in the corresponding 2018 period. Other revenues from operations include the following significant components. Letter of credit and other credit-related fees aggregated $81 million and $90 million in 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease from the comparable 2018 period resulted from lower letter of credit and loan syndication fees. Income from bank owned life insurance totaled $38 million in the first nine months of 2019, compared with $37 million in the year-earlier period. Merchant discount and credit card fees were $89 million and $87 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. Insurance-related commissions and other revenues aggregated $36 million during each of the first nine months of 2019 and 2018. M&T’s investment in BLG resulted in income of $37 million in the first nine months of 2019 and $24 million in the comparable 2018 period.
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Other Expense
Other expense totaled $878 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $776 million in the similar quarter of 2018 and $873 million in 2019’s second quarter. Included in those amounts are expenses considered to be “nonoperating” in nature consisting of amortization of core deposit and other intangible assets of $5 million in each of the third and second quarters of 2019, compared with $6 million in the third quarter of 2018. Exclusive of those nonoperating expenses, noninterest operating expenses were $873 million in the recent quarter, compared with $770 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $868 million in the second quarter of 2019. Higher costs for salaries and employee benefits, professional services, and additions to the valuation allowance for capitalized mortgage servicing rights contributed to the rise in noninterest operating expenses in the recent quarter as compared with the respective prior quarters. A $48 million charge was recorded in the second quarter of 2019 associated with the previously noted sale of an investment in an asset manager previously accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Other expense for the first nine months of 2019 totaled $2.64 billion, compared with $2.49 billion in the year-earlier period. Included in those amounts are expenses considered to be “nonoperating” in nature consisting of amortization of core deposit and other intangible assets of $15 million and $19 million in the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Exclusive of those nonoperating expenses, noninterest operating expenses for the first three quarters of 2019 were $2.63 billion, compared with $2.47 billion in the similar 2018 period. Higher salaries and employee benefits expenses, professional services, additions to the valuation allowance for capitalized mortgage servicing rights, amortization of mortgage servicing rights, and the charge associated with the sale of the asset manager investment were partially offset by an $85 million decrease in expense recognized to adjust the reserve for legal matters.
Salaries and employee benefits expense aggregated $477 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $431 million in the year-earlier quarter and $456 million in the second quarter of 2019. During the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, salaries and employee benefits expense aggregated $1.43 billion and $1.31 billion, respectively. The higher salaries and employee benefits expenses for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 as compared with the corresponding 2018 periods largely reflect the impact of higher employment levels, merit and other increases for employees, higher incentive-based compensation and increased benefits costs. The higher employment levels include staff additions to accommodate the increases in residential mortgage loan servicing and sub-servicing. The rise in salaries and employee benefits expense in the recent quarter as compared with the second quarter of 2019 was largely attributable to increased commissions and other incentive compensation costs, one extra compensation day and seasonally higher average employee count. Salaries and employee benefits expense included stock-based compensation of $12 million in each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, $10 million in the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, and $65 million and $56 million during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The number of full-time equivalent employees was 17,536 at September 30, 2019, compared with 16,798 and 17,516 at September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively.
Excluding the nonoperating expense items described earlier from each quarter, nonpersonnel operating expenses were $396 million and $338 million in the quarters ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively, and $412 million in the second quarter of 2019. On that same basis, such expenses were $1.20 billion and $1.15 billion in the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The higher level of nonpersonnel operating expenses in the recent quarter compared with the third quarter of 2018 was largely attributable to higher costs for professional services, software licensing and amortization of capitalized mortgage servicing rights, as well as a $14 million addition to the valuation allowance for residential mortgage servicing rights. The impact of the $48 million charge associated with the asset manager in 2019’s second quarter was offset, in part, by higher professional services costs and additions to the mortgage servicing valuation allowance in the recent quarter. There were no valuation allowances related to residential mortgage servicing rights at September 30, 2018 or December 31, 2018. Additional information about the Company’s capitalized residential mortgage loan servicing assets is presented herein under the heading “Other Income.” The higher level of nonpersonnel operating expenses in the first nine months of 2019 as compared with the year-earlier period reflected the $48 million charge for the investment in an asset manager, higher equipment, net occupancy, software licensing costs and amortization
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of capitalized mortgage servicing rights, as well as a $23 million valuation allowance on capitalized residential mortgage servicing rights, partially offset by lower expenses to adjust the reserve for legal matters of $85 million and decreased FDIC assessments.
The efficiency ratio measures the relationship of noninterest operating expenses to revenues. The Company’s efficiency ratio was 55.9% during the recent quarter, compared with 51.4% and 56.0% in the third quarter of 2018 and second quarter of 2019, respectively. The efficiency ratios for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were 56.5% and 55.9%, respectively. The calculation of the efficiency ratio is presented in Table 2.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes was $155 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $170 million and $152 million in the year-earlier quarter and the second quarter of 2019, respectively. For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the provisions for income taxes were $459 million and $437 million, respectively. The effective tax rates were 24.4%, 24.5% and 24.3% for the quarters ended September 30, 2019, September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively, and 24.2% for each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.
The effective tax rate is affected by the level of income earned that is exempt from tax relative to the overall level of pre-tax income, the level of income allocated to the various state and local jurisdictions where the Company operates, because tax rates differ among such jurisdictions, and the impact of any large discrete or infrequently occurring items. The Company’s effective tax rate in future periods will also be affected by any change in income tax laws or regulations and interpretations of income tax regulations that differ from the Company’s interpretations by any of various tax authorities that may examine tax returns filed by M&T or any of its subsidiaries.
Shareholders’ equity was $15.8 billion at September 30, 2019, representing 12.57% of total assets, compared with $15.4 billion or 13.21% a year earlier and $15.5 billion or 12.87% at December 31, 2018. Included in shareholders’ equity was preferred stock with financial statement carrying values of $1.25 billion at September 30, 2019 and $1.23 billion at each of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018. On July 30, 2019, M&T issued 40,000 shares of Series G Perpetual Fixed-Rate Reset Non-cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share and liquidation preference of $10,000 per share. Through July 31, 2024 holders of the Series G preferred stock are entitled to receive, only when, as and if declared by M&T’s Board of Directors, non-cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of 5.0%, payable semiannually in arrears. Subsequent to July 31, 2024 holders will be entitled to receive, only when, as and if declared by M&T’s Board of Directors, non-cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of the five-year U.S. Treasury Rate plus 3.174%, payable semiannually in arrears. The Series G preferred stock may be redeemed at M&T’s option, in whole or in part, on any dividend payment date on or after August 1, 2024 or, in whole but not in part, at any time within 90 days following a regulatory capital treatment event whereby the full liquidation value of the shares no longer qualifies as “additional Tier 1 capital.” On August 30, 2019 M&T redeemed the 230,000 shares of the Series A and 151,500 shares of the Series C Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, $1,000 liquidation preference per share, having received the approval of the Federal Reserve to redeem such shares after issuing the Series G preferred stock. Further information concerning M&T’s preferred stock can be found in note 6 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Reflecting the impact of repurchases of M&T’s common stock, common shareholders’ equity was $14.5 billion, or $109.84 per share, at September 30, 2019, compared with $14.2 billion, or $100.38 per share, a year earlier and $14.2 billion, or $102.69 per share, at December 31, 2018. Tangible equity per common share, which excludes goodwill and core deposit and other intangible assets and applicable deferred tax balances, was $74.93 at the end of the third quarter of 2019, compared with $67.64 a year earlier and $69.28 at December 31, 2018. The Company’s ratio of tangible common equity to tangible assets was 8.20% at September 30, 2019, compared with 8.53% at September 30, 2018 and 8.31% at December 31, 2018. Reconciliations of total common shareholders’ equity and tangible common equity and total assets and tangible assets as of each of those respective dates are presented in table 2.
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Shareholders’ equity reflects accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, which includes the net after-tax impact of unrealized gains or losses on investment securities classified as available for sale, unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment charge has been recognized, gains or losses associated with interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges, foreign currency translation adjustments and adjustments to reflect the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. Net unrealized gains on investment securities reflected in shareholders’ equity, net of applicable tax effect, were $30 million, or $.22 per common share, at September 30, 2019, compared with net unrealized losses of $229 million, or $1.62 per common share, a year earlier and $148 million, or $1.06 per common share, at December 31, 2018. Changes in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities are predominantly reflective of the impact of changes in interest rates on the values of such securities. Information about unrealized gains and losses as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is included in note 2 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Reflected in the carrying amount of available-for-sale investment securities at September 30, 2019 were pre-tax effect unrealized gains of $90 million on securities with an amortized cost of $4.1 billion and pre-tax effect unrealized losses of $39 million on securities with an amortized cost of $2.8 billion. Information concerning the Company’s fair valuations of investment securities is provided in notes 2 and 13 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Each reporting period the Company reviews its investment securities for other-than-temporary impairment. For debt securities, the Company analyzes the creditworthiness of the issuer or reviews the credit performance of the underlying collateral supporting the bond. For debt securities backed by pools of loans, such as privately issued mortgage-backed securities, the Company estimates the cash flows of the underlying loan collateral using forward-looking assumptions for default rates, loss severities and prepayment speeds. Estimated collateral cash flows are then utilized to estimate bond-specific cash flows to determine the ultimate collectibility of the bond. If the present value of the cash flows indicates that the Company should not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of a bond or if the Company intends to sell the bond or it more likely than not will be required to sell the bond before recovery of its amortized cost basis, an other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized. If an other-than-temporary impairment loss is deemed to have occurred, the investment security’s cost basis is adjusted, as appropriate for the circumstances.
As of September 30, 2019, based on a review of each of the securities in the investment securities portfolio, the Company concluded that the declines in the values of any securities containing an unrealized loss were temporary and that any other-than-temporary impairment charges were not appropriate. As of September 30, 2019, the Company did not intend to sell nor is it anticipated that it would be required to sell any of its impaired securities, that is, where fair value is less than the cost basis of the security. The Company intends to continue to closely monitor the performance of its securities because changes in their underlying credit performance or other events could cause the cost basis of those securities to become other-than-temporarily impaired. However, because the unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities have generally already been reflected in the financial statement values for investment securities and shareholders’ equity, any recognition of an other-than-temporary decline in value of those investment securities would not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition. Any other-than-temporary impairment charge related to held-to-maturity securities would result in reductions in the financial statement values for investment securities and shareholders’ equity.
The Company assessed impairment losses on privately issued mortgage-backed securities in the held-to-maturity portfolio by performing internal modeling to estimate bond-specific cash flows considering recent performance of the mortgage loan collateral and utilizing assumptions about future defaults and loss severity. These bond-specific cash flows also reflect the placement of the bond in the overall securitization structure and the remaining subordination levels. In total, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had in its held-to-maturity portfolio privately issued mortgage-backed securities with an amortized cost basis of $100 million and $113 million, respectively, and a fair value of $92 million and $103 million, respectively. At September 30, 2019, 81% of the mortgage-backed securities were in the most senior tranche of the securitization structure with 12% being independently rated as investment grade. The mortgage-backed securities are generally collateralized by residential and small-balance commercial real estate loans originated between 2004 and 2008 and had a weighted-average credit enhancement of 18% at September 30, 2019, calculated by dividing the remaining unpaid principal
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balance of bonds subordinate to the bonds owned by the Company plus any overcollateralization remaining in the securitization structure by the remaining unpaid principal balance of all bonds in the securitization structure. The weighted-average default percentage and loss severity assumptions utilized in the Company’s internal modeling were 32% and 66% respectively. Given the securitization structure, some of the bonds held by the Company may defer interest payments in certain circumstances, but after considering the repayment structure and estimated future collateral cash flows of each individual senior and subordinate tranche bond, the Company has concluded that as of September 30, 2019, those privately issued mortgage-backed securities were not other-than-temporarily impaired. Nevertheless, it is possible that adverse changes in the estimated future performance of mortgage loan collateral underlying such securities could impact the Company’s conclusions.
Adjustments to reflect the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans, net of applicable tax effect, reduced accumulated other comprehensive income by $252 million or $1.91 per common share, at September 30, 2019, $283 million or $2.00 per common share, at September 30, 2018 and $261 million, or $1.89 per common share, at December 31, 2018.
M&T repurchased 1,933,000 shares of its common stock for $300 million in the third quarter of 2019 and 6,533,000 shares for $1.07 billion during the first nine months of 2019. M&T repurchased 2,844,159 common shares at a total cost of $498 million during the third quarter of 2018 and 9,235,817 shares for $1.7 billion during the first nine months of 2018. During October 2019, M&T repurchased 300,000 common shares for $47 million.
During 2018, M&T’s Board of Directors authorized increases in the quarterly common stock dividend to $.80 per common share in the second quarter from the previous rate of $.75 per common share and to $1.00 per common share in the third quarter. Cash dividends declared on M&T’s common stock equal to $1.00 per share totaled $133 million in the recent quarter, compared with $143 million and $135 million during the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Common stock dividends during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were $407 million and $371 million, respectively. Cash dividends declared on preferred stock aggregated $19 million in the third quarter of 2019 and $18 million in each of the third quarter of 2018 and second quarter of 2019, and totaled $55 million and $54 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
M&T and its subsidiary banks are required to comply with applicable capital adequacy standards established by the federal banking agencies. Pursuant to those regulations, the minimum capital ratios are as follows:
4.5% Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) to risk-weighted assets (each as defined in the capital regulations);
6.0% Tier 1 capital (that is, CET1 plus Additional Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets (each as defined in the capital regulations);
8.0% Total capital (that is, Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets (each as defined in the capital regulations); and
4.0% Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets as reported on consolidated financial statements (known as the “leverage ratio”), as defined in the capital regulations.
In addition, capital regulations require a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% composed entirely of CET1 on top of these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios.
The regulatory capital ratios of the Company and its bank subsidiaries, M&T Bank and Wilmington Trust, N.A., as of September 30, 2019 are presented in the accompanying table.
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REGULATORY CAPITAL RATIOS
M&T
Wilmington
(Consolidated)
Bank
Trust, N.A.
Common equity Tier 1
9.81%
10.47%
65.96%
Tier 1 capital
11.04%
Total capital
13.30%
12.30%
66.15%
Tier 1 leverage
9.71%
9.22%
15.42%
The Company is subject to the comprehensive regulatory framework applicable to bank and financial holding companies and their subsidiaries, which includes regular examinations by a number of regulators. Regulation of financial institutions such as M&T and its subsidiaries is intended primarily for the protection of depositors, the Deposit Insurance Fund of the FDIC and the banking and financial system as a whole, and generally is not intended for the protection of shareholders, investors or creditors other than insured depositors. Changes in laws, regulations and regulatory policies applicable to the Company’s operations can increase or decrease the cost of doing business, limit or expand permissible activities or affect the competitive environment in which the Company operates, all of which could have a material effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and in M&T’s ability to pay dividends. For additional information concerning this comprehensive regulatory framework, refer to Part I, Item 1 of M&T’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Segment Information
The Company's reportable segments have been determined based upon its internal profitability reporting system, which is organized by strategic business unit. Financial information about the Company's segments is presented in note 15 of Notes to Financial Statements. The reportable segments are Business Banking, Commercial Banking, Commercial Real Estate, Discretionary Portfolio, Residential Mortgage Banking and Retail Banking.
The Business Banking segment contributed net income of $46 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2019, compared with $44 million in the year-earlier quarter and $42 million in the second quarter of 2019. As compared with the third quarter of 2018, a $3 million increase in net interest income resulting from a 7 basis point widening of the net interest margin on loans and a $3 million decline in the provision for credit losses, due to lower net charge-offs, were partially offset by $3 million higher centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Business Banking segment. The recent quarter’s higher net income as compared with 2019’s second quarter reflected a $4 million decrease in the provision for credit losses, due to lower net charge-offs. Net income earned by the Business Banking segment totaled $132 million during the first nine months of 2019, compared with $124 million in the year-earlier period. That 6% increase was attributable to an $18 million rise in net interest income and higher merchant discount and credit card fees of $3 million offset, in part, by a $5 million rise in centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Business Banking segment, higher personnel-related costs of $3 million and a $3 million increase in the provision for credit losses. The improvement in net interest income reflected a 19 basis point widening of the net interest margin on deposits.
Net income of the Commercial Banking segment was $133 million in the recent quarter, compared with $148 million in 2018’s third quarter and $124 million in the second quarter of 2019. The 10% decline in the third quarter of 2019 as compared with the year-earlier quarter reflected: a $17 million increase in the provision for credit losses, primarily due to lower recoveries of previously charged-off loans; a $6 million increase in centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Commercial Banking segment, and a $5 million decline in letter of credit and other credit-related fees (largely loan syndication fees). Partially offsetting those unfavorable factors were a $4 million increase in trading account and foreign exchange gains, lower FDIC assessments of $3 million and a $3 million increase in commercial mortgage banking revenues, reflecting increased gains on loans originated for sale. The 7% rise in net income in the recent quarter as compared with the second quarter of 2019 was largely due to a $10 million decrease in the provision for credit losses, due to
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lower net charge-offs, and higher net interest income of $4 million, reflecting a widening of the net interest margin on loans of 4 basis points and the impact of one additional day in the current quarter. Year-to-date net income for the Commercial Banking segment totaled $388 million in 2019, compared with $400 million in 2018. The main factors contributing to the decrease were a $16 million increase in the provision for credit losses, primarily due to lower recoveries of previously charged-off loans, a $14 million increase in centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Commercial Banking segment and an $8 million decrease in letter of credit and other credit-related fees (largely loan syndication fees). Partially offsetting those factors were higher net interest income of $14 million and lower FDIC assessments of $8 million. The improvement in net interest income reflected higher average outstanding loan balances of $1.5 billion, partially offset by a 4 basis point narrowing of the net interest margin on loans. The impact of a $1.1 billion decline in average deposit balances was offset by a 20 basis point widening of the net interest margin on deposits.
The Commercial Real Estate segment recorded net income of $131 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared with $116 million in the year-earlier period and $122 million in the second quarter of 2019. The recent quarter’s improvement as compared with the third quarter of 2018 reflected higher mortgage banking revenues of $17 million, due largely to increased origination activities, and a $5 million rise in net interest income, reflecting higher average outstanding loan balances of $1.1 billion. Those favorable factors were offset, in part, by higher personnel-related costs of $6 million. The 8% increase in net income in the third quarter of 2019 as compared with the immediately preceding quarter was primarily attributable to higher mortgage banking revenues of $11 million, due largely to increased origination activities. Net income for the Commercial Real Estate segment totaled $370 million in the first three quarters of 2019, compared with $337 million in the similar 2018 period. That 10% year-over-year improvement resulted from a $26 million increase in net interest income that reflected higher average outstanding loan balances of $878 million and a 12 basis point widening of the net interest margin on deposits, higher mortgage banking revenues of $24 million, reflecting increased origination activities, an $11 million increase in trading account and foreign exchange gains resulting from increased activity related to interest rate swap agreements executed on behalf of commercial customers, and lower FDIC assessments of $10 million. Partially offsetting those favorable factors were a $16 million rise in centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Commercial Real Estate segment, higher personnel-related costs of $10 million, and a $3 million increase in the provision for credit losses.
Net income earned by the Discretionary Portfolio segment aggregated $30 million during the three-month period ended September 30, 2019, compared with $40 million in the year-earlier period and $38 million in the second quarter of 2019. The recent quarter’s results as compared with the third quarter of 2018 reflect a $14 million increase in the provision for credit losses, primarily due to the favorable impact in the prior year period from the Company’s allocation methodologies for the provision for credit losses associated with acquired loans, and a $6 million decrease in net interest income, reflecting lower average outstanding loan balances. Those unfavorable factors were partially offset by higher valuation gains associated with marketable equity securities of $7 million. The decline in net income in 2019’s third quarter as compared with the immediately preceding quarter reflects lower trading account and foreign exchange gains $6 million, due to valuation losses on interest rate floor contracts, a $5 million decrease in valuation gains associated with marketable equity securities and lower revenues from bank owned life insurance of $3 million that were partially offset by higher net interest income of $5 million, reflecting a 14 basis point widening of the net interest margin on loans. For the first nine months, net income for this segment totaled $107 million in 2019 and $89 million in 2018. Favorable factors contributing to that improvement included $35 million of valuation gains associated with marketable equity securities, higher trading account and foreign exchange gains of $9 million resulting from valuation gains on interest rate floor contracts, and lower FDIC assessments of $5 million. A $35 million decline in net interest income, reflecting lower average outstanding loan balances of $1.9 billion and a narrowing of the net interest margin on loans of 6 basis points, partially offset the favorable factors noted.
Net income recorded by the Residential Mortgage Banking segment aggregated $16 million during the three-month period ended September 30, 2019, compared with $13 million in the year-earlier period and $8 million in the second quarter of 2019. The improvement in the recent quarter as compared with the similar 2018 period was predominantly attributable to higher revenues of $17 million associated with servicing residential real estate loans
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and $15 million attributable to mortgage origination and sales activities (including intersegment revenues). Largely offsetting those factors were a $14 million valuation allowance for capitalized mortgage servicing rights, a $9 million increase in outside data processing and software expenses, and $7 million of higher servicing-related costs (including intersegment costs). As compared with the second quarter of 2019, a $12 million increase in revenues attributable to mortgage origination and sales activities, and a $6 million increase in revenues associated with servicing and sub-servicing residential real estate loans, were partially offset by a $5 million increase in the valuation allowance for capitalized mortgage servicing rights. Year-to-date net income for this segment totaled $36 million in 2019 and $44 million in 2018. Contributing to that year-over-year decline were: a $23 million increase in valuation allowance for capitalized mortgage servicing rights; a $17 million rise in servicing-related costs (including intersegment costs), higher outside data processing and software expenses of $11 million; and a $6 million increase in centrally-allocated costs provided to the Residential Mortgage Banking segment. Those unfavorable factors were largely offset by a $31 million increase in revenues from servicing residential real estate loans (including intersegment revenues) and a $16 million rise in revenues from mortgage origination and sales activities (including intersegment revenues).
Net income for the Retail Banking segment totaled $132 million in the recent quarter, compared with $142 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $140 million in the second quarter of 2019. The decline from the third quarter of 2018 was largely attributable to a $7 million rise in the provision for credit losses, due to higher net charge-offs and loan balances, a $6 million increase in personnel-related costs and higher professional services and credit card and merchant expenses that were offset, in part, by a $4 million increase in service charges on deposit accounts and a $4 million decrease in centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Retail Banking segment. Net income in the recent quarter as compared with the second quarter of 2019 declined mainly due to an $8 million decrease in net interest income, a $7 million increase in the provision for credit losses, due to higher net charge-offs, and higher occupancy costs of $5 million, partially offset by a $7 million decrease in centrally-allocated costs associated with data processing, risk management and other support services provided to the Retail Banking segment and a $4 million increase in service charges on deposit accounts. The decrease in net interest income reflected a narrowing of the net interest margin on deposits of 13 basis points offset, in part, by an increase in average outstanding loan balances of $586 million. The Retail Banking segment recorded net income of $417 million and $408 million in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. That improvement was predominantly due to a $53 million rise in net interest income, reflecting a 21 basis point widening of the net interest margin on deposits and higher average outstanding loan balances of $1.1 billion, partially offset by lower average deposit balances of $1.4 billion and a 6 basis point narrowing of the net interest margin on loans. The higher net interest income was offset, in part, by higher personnel-related costs of $16 million, a $9 million rise in the provision for credit losses, due to higher net charge-offs and loan balances, and higher professional services and other operating expenses.
The “All Other” category reflects other activities of the Company that are not directly attributable to the reported segments. Reflected in this category are the amortization of core deposit and other intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of financial institutions, income associated with BLG, merger-related expenses resulting from acquisitions, and the net impact of the Company’s allocation methodologies for internal transfers for funding charges and credits associated with the earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities of the Company’s reportable segments and the provision for credit losses. The “All Other” category also includes trust income of the Company that reflects the ICS and WAS business activities. The various components of the “All Other” category resulted in a net loss of $7 million in the third quarter of 2019, net income totaling $23 million in the third 2018 quarter, and a net loss of $302,000 in the second quarter of 2019. Unfavorable factors in the recent quarter as compared with the third quarter of 2018 included a $29 million increase in personnel-related costs and higher professional and outside services costs of $24 million, reflecting increased consulting, technology and legal expenses, partially offset by a $10 million increase in trust income and the favorable impact from the Company’s allocation methodologies for internal transfers for funding charges and credits associated with earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities of the Company’s reportable segments. The higher net loss in the recent quarter as compared with the second 2019 quarter reflected the unfavorable impact from the Company’s allocation methodologies for internal transfers for funding charges and credits associated with earning assets and interest-
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bearing liabilities of the Company’s reportable segments, higher personnel-related costs of $13 million and an $11 million increase in professional and outside services costs. Largely offsetting to those unfavorable factors was a $48 million charge in 2019’s second quarter to reduce the carrying value of an investment in an asset manager. The “All Other” category had net losses of $15 million and $30 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The favorable factors contributing to the lower net loss in the 2019 period included: lower expenses to adjust the reserve for legal matters of $85 million ($50 million in 2019, compared with $135 million in 2018); the favorable impact from the Company’s allocation methodologies for internal transfers for funding charges and credits associated with earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities of the Company’s reportable segments; higher trust income of $18 million; and a $13 million increase in income from BLG. Those favorable factors were partially offset by an $81 million rise in personnel-related costs, reflecting annual merit and other increases and higher costs for incentive-based compensation and employee benefits, the $48 million charge in 2019 to reduce the carrying value of the investment in an asset manager, a $20 million increase in professional and outside services expenses, reflecting increased consulting, technology and legal expenses, and higher equipment and occupancy charges of $15 million.
Recent Accounting Developments
Beginning in the first quarter 2020, the Company will be adopting new credit loss guidance that requires the recognition of currently expected credit losses resulting in a methodology that requires credit losses to be recognized sooner for many financial instrument classes than credit losses would be recognized under the current incurred loss model. The impact of this guidance is expected to result in an increase in the allowance for credit losses of 5 to 15 percent upon adoption of the standard on January 1, 2020. The estimated increase in the allowance is primarily the result of increases within the consumer loan classes, which have longer estimated loan lives compared with commercial loans. The allowance for credit losses associated with commercial loan classes is expected to largely remain similar to current levels.
This new credit loss guidance also impacts the accounting for loans acquired at a discount. Such acquired loans will no longer have a separate impairment model and instead will be classified as either purchased financial assets with credit deterioration or purchased financial assets without credit deterioration with an associated allowance that would be included in the allowance for credit losses. Coincident with this change, interest income on loans that were acquired at a discount will no longer be recognized based on the excess of expected cash flows over the carrying value of the loans. Instead, such loans will follow the income recognition policies of the Company’s orginated loan portfolios whereby interest income is generally recognized on a level-yield basis unless the loan is placed on nonaccrual status. The impairment model for held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities is also changing as a result of this new credit loss guidance. The notion of other-than-temporary impairment has been eliminated and an allowance will be required to be established for expected credit losses associated with those securities. The Company does not expect a material allowance on those securities as most of the portfolio consists of U.S. Treasury or agency-backed securities, which do not require an allowance.
A further discussion of recent accounting developments is included in note 17 of Notes to Financial Statements.
Forward-Looking Statements
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other sections of this quarterly report contain forward-looking statements that are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the Company’s business, management’s beliefs and assumptions made by management. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “target,” “estimate,” “continue,” “positions,” “prospects” or “potential,” by future conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” or “may,” or by variations of such words or by similar expressions. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions (“Future Factors”) which are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and the Company assumes no duty to update forward-looking statements.
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Future Factors include changes in interest rates, spreads on earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and interest rate sensitivity; prepayment speeds, loan originations, credit losses and market values of loans, collateral securing loans and other assets; sources of liquidity; common shares outstanding; common stock price volatility; fair value of and number of stock-based compensation awards to be issued in future periods; the impact of changes in market values on trust-related revenues; legislation and/or regulation affecting the financial services industry as a whole, and M&T and its subsidiaries individually or collectively, including tax legislation or regulation; regulatory supervision and oversight, including monetary policy and capital requirements; changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the FASB or regulatory agencies; increasing price and product/service competition by competitors, including new entrants; rapid technological developments and changes; the ability to continue to introduce competitive new products and services on a timely, cost-effective basis; the mix of products/services; containing costs and expenses; governmental and public policy changes; protection and validity of intellectual property rights; reliance on large customers; technological, implementation and cost/financial risks in large, multi-year contracts; the outcome of pending and future litigation and governmental proceedings, including tax-related examinations and other matters; continued availability of financing; financial resources in the amounts, at the times and on the terms required to support M&T and its subsidiaries’ future businesses; and material differences in the actual financial results of merger, acquisition and investment activities compared with M&T’s initial expectations, including the full realization of anticipated cost savings and revenue enhancements.
These are representative of the Future Factors that could affect the outcome of the forward-looking statements. In addition, such statements could be affected by general industry and market conditions and growth rates, general economic and political conditions, either nationally or in the states in which M&T and its subsidiaries do business, including interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations, changes and trends in the securities markets, and other Future Factors.
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Table 1
QUARTERLY TRENDS
Earnings and dividends
Amounts in thousands, except per share
Interest income (taxable-equivalent basis)
1,235,048
1,243,838
1,232,276
1,226,239
1,173,108
1,134,302
1,086,959
196,432
176,249
161,321
120,118
106,633
1,035,469
1,047,406
1,056,027
1,064,918
1,034,771
1,014,184
980,326
Less: provision for credit losses
55,000
22,000
38,000
35,000
43,000
512,095
500,765
480,596
457,414
458,696
Less: other expense
873,032
894,348
802,162
776,577
933,344
Income before income taxes
640,629
631,469
640,444
705,352
702,086
660,021
462,678
Applicable income taxes
152,284
151,735
153,175
161,464
105,259
Taxable-equivalent adjustment
5,579
5,925
5,967
5,958
5,733
5,397
4,809
473,260
482,742
546,219
493,160
352,610
Net income available to common shareholders-diluted
452,633
462,086
525,328
472,600
332,749
Per common share data
Basic earnings
3.34
3.35
3.76
3.26
2.24
Diluted earnings
2.23
Cash dividends
.80
.75
135,433
137,889
139,744
144,825
148,688
135,464
137,920
139,838
144,998
148,905
Performance ratios, annualized
Return on
Average assets
1.58
1.60
1.68
1.84
1.80
1.70
Average common shareholders’ equity
12.73
12.68
13.14
14.80
14.08
13.32
9.15
Net interest margin on average earning assets (taxable-
equivalent basis)
3.78
3.91
3.92
3.88
3.83
3.71
.93
Net operating (tangible) results (a)
Net operating income (in thousands)
483,830
477,001
486,440
550,169
530,619
497,869
357,498
Diluted net operating income per common share
3.50
3.37
3.38
3.79
3.56
3.29
2.26
Annualized return on
Average tangible assets
1.66
1.76
1.93
1.89
1.79
1.28
Average tangible common shareholders’ equity
18.85
18.83
19.56
22.16
21.00
19.91
13.51
Efficiency ratio (b)
55.95
55.98
57.56
51.70
51.41
52.42
63.98
Balance sheet data
In millions, except per share
Average balances
Total assets (c)
120,388
118,487
116,839
117,799
115,997
116,413
117,684
Total tangible assets (c)
115,769
113,864
112,213
113,169
111,363
111,775
113,041
Earning assets
108,643
107,511
106,096
107,785
105,835
106,210
107,231
11,075
12,170
12,949
13,034
13,431
13,856
14,467
89,150
88,477
87,301
87,132
87,406
87,766
Deposits
94,095
91,371
89,733
91,104
89,252
90,195
91,119
Common shareholders’ equity (c)
14,464
14,398
14,337
14,157
14,317
14,301
14,827
Tangible common shareholders’ equity (c)
9,845
9,775
9,711
9,527
9,683
9,663
10,184
At end of quarter
125,501
121,555
120,025
120,097
116,828
118,426
118,623
120,883
116,934
115,400
115,470
112,197
113,790
113,982
113,067
110,323
108,849
109,321
106,331
107,819
107,976
10,678
11,580
12,537
12,693
13,074
13,283
14,067
89,823
89,878
88,640
88,466
86,680
87,797
87,711
95,114
91,681
90,470
90,157
89,140
89,273
90,947
Common shareholders’ equity, net of undeclared
cumulative preferred dividends (c)
14,530
14,457
14,353
14,225
14,201
14,343
14,475
9,912
9,836
9,728
9,598
9,570
9,707
9,834
Equity per common share
109.84
107.73
105.04
102.69
100.38
99.43
98.60
Tangible equity per common share
74.93
73.29
71.19
69.28
67.64
67.29
66.99
Excludes amortization and balances related to goodwill and core deposit and other intangible assets and merger-related expenses which, except in the calculation of the efficiency ratio, are net of applicable income tax effects. A reconciliation of net income and net operating income appears in Table 2.
Excludes impact of merger-related expenses and net securities transactions.
The difference between total assets and total tangible assets, and common shareholders’ equity and tangible common shareholders’ equity, represents goodwill, core deposit and other intangible assets, net of applicable deferred tax balances. A reconciliation of such balances appears in Table 2.
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Table 2
RECONCILIATION OF QUARTERLY GAAP TO NON-GAAP MEASURES
Income statement data (in thousands, except per share)
Amortization of core deposit and other
intangible assets (a)
3,749
3,741
3,698
3,950
4,528
4,709
4,888
Net operating income
Earnings per common share
Diluted net operating earnings per common share
(5,077
(5,020
(5,359
(6,143
(6,388
(6,632
Noninterest operating expense
872,531
867,955
889,328
796,803
769,836
770,189
926,712
Efficiency ratio
Noninterest operating expense (numerator)
Taxable-equivalent net interest income
Less: Gain (loss) on bank investment securities
8,911
11,841
2,326
(9,431
Denominator
1,559,511
1,550,590
1,544,951
1,541,295
1,497,480
1,469,272
1,448,453
Balance sheet data (in millions)
(4,593
(36
(41
(45
(50
(55
Deferred taxes
Average common equity
Average total equity
15,837
15,630
15,569
15,389
15,549
15,533
16,059
Preferred stock
(1,373
(1,232
Average tangible common equity
(33
(38
(44
(47
(52
(59
(65
Total tangible assets
Total common equity
Total equity
15,780
15,692
15,588
15,460
15,436
15,578
15,710
(1,250
Undeclared dividends - cumulative preferred stock
Common equity, net of undeclared
cumulative preferred dividends
Total tangible common equity
After any related tax effect.
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Table 3
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS AND ANNUALIZED TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT RATES
2019 Third Quarter
2019 Second Quarter
2019 First Quarter
Interest
Rate
Average balance in millions; interest in thousands
Loans and leases, net of unearned
discount (a)
283,291
4.82
23,335
288,914
4.97
23,010
287,676
5.07
Real estate – commercial
462,759
34,768
465,911
5.30
34,524
461,050
5.34
Real estate – consumer
175,098
4.20
16,723
179,218
4.29
16,939
184,868
4.37
204,097
5.44
14,324
197,418
5.53
14,004
190,193
5.51
Total loans and leases, net
1,125,245
4.96
1,131,461
5.09
1,123,787
5.15
7,405
36,325
27,407
2.41
Federal funds sold and agreements
to resell securities
2.01
2.83
2.84
67
149
68
372
2.20
556
3.40
Investment securities (b)
10,271
62,506
11,364
68,755
2.43
12,151
72,967
2.44
Obligations of states and political
subdivisions
4.99
5.11
3.25
798
6,593
3.28
799
6,827
3.43
790
7,488
3.84
69,173
2.48
75,675
2.49
80,522
2.52
Total earning assets
4.51
4.64
4.71
(1,034
(1,024
(1,021
1,303
1,260
1,317
Other assets
11,476
10,740
10,447
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Interest-bearing liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits
Savings and interest-checking
deposits
55,680
53,495
91,556
.69
52,095
76,139
.59
6,343
1.59
6,530
24,931
1.53
6,351
21,081
1.35
1,522
1.62
1,247
6,040
1.94
972
4,737
1.98
Total interest-bearing deposits
63,545
136,398
.85
61,272
122,527
59,418
101,957
.70
1,212
2.28
1,263
7,893
1,091
6,713
7,121
3.13
8,278
66,012
8,494
67,579
3.23
Total interest-bearing liabilities
71,878
70,813
69,003
30,099
30,315
1,945
1,952
104,551
102,857
101,270
Shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and
shareholders’ equity
Net interest spread
3.41
3.67
Contribution of interest-free funds
.37
.38
Net interest income/margin on
earning assets
Includes nonaccrual loans.
Includes available-for-sale securities at amortized cost.
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Table 3 (continued)
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS AND ANNUALIZED TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT RATES (continued)
2018 Fourth Quarter
2018 Third Quarter
22,376
277,350
4.92
21,689
255,735
4.68
33,586
452,448
5.27
33,800
440,381
5.10
17,421
187,670
18,006
189,634
4.21
13,918
187,723
5.35
13,637
180,764
5.26
1,105,191
5.02
1,066,514
4.86
7,394
41,635
5,207
26,001
2.62
56
2.65
289
1.78
12,270
72,274
2.34
12,656
72,548
113
4.46
146
4.75
6,654
763
7,610
3.96
79,041
80,304
4.40
(1,020
1,320
9,715
9,865
51,820
69,990
51,552
.43
5,960
16,149
1.07
5,826
.88
693
3,154
1.81
407
58,473
89,293
.61
57,785
70,688
.49
315
1,520
1.91
9,239
70,508
3.03
9,047
2.90
68,027
.94
67,206
.82
32,631
31,467
1,752
1,775
102,410
100,448
3.57
3.58
.35
.30
Net interest income/margin on earning assets
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Incorporated by reference to the discussion contained under the caption “Taxable-equivalent Net Interest Income” in Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon their evaluation of the effectiveness of M&T’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), René F. Jones, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, and Darren J. King, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that M&T’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2019.
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting. M&T regularly assesses the adequacy of its internal control over financial reporting and enhances its controls in response to internal control assessments and internal and external audit and regulatory recommendations. No changes in internal control over financial reporting have been identified in connection with the evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, M&T’s internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
M&T and its subsidiaries are subject in the normal course of business to various pending and threatened legal proceedings and other matters in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. On an on-going basis management, after consultation with legal counsel, assesses the Company’s liabilities and contingencies in connection with such proceedings. For those matters where it is probable that the Company will incur losses and the amounts of the losses can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an expense and corresponding liability in its consolidated financial statements. To the extent the pending or threatened litigation could result in exposure in excess of that liability, the amount of such excess is not currently estimable. Although not considered probable, the range of reasonably possible losses for such matters in the aggregate, beyond the existing recorded liability, was between $0 and $50 million. Although the Company does not believe that the outcome of pending litigations will be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, it cannot rule out the possibility that such outcomes will be material to the consolidated results of operations for a particular reporting period in the future.
ESOP Matters: Wilmington Trust, N.A. provides retirement services, including serving in certain trustee roles relating to Employee Stock Ownership Plans (“ESOPs”). Beginning in 2010, the U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) announced that it would increase its focus on ESOP transactions, particularly with regard to valuation issues relating to ESOP transactions. Beginning in late 2013, Wilmington Trust, N.A. began receiving requests for information and subpoenas relating to certain ESOP transactions for which it acted as trustee. In June 2016, Wilmington Trust, N.A. received a DOL subpoena seeking information on its global ESOP trustee business. In addition to these investigations, the DOL has commenced three lawsuits against Wilmington Trust, N.A. relating to its role as trustee of three ESOP transactions. In July 2019, Wilmington Trust, N.A. reached a settlement in principle with the DOL to resolve certain pending DOL ESOP matters. Although a formal settlement agreement has yet to be prepared and executed, the Company does not expect that the agreed-upon settlement will have a material incremental impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. Wilmington Trust, N.A. has also been named as a defendant in five private party lawsuits relating to its role as trustee for five ESOP transactions. Under applicable transaction documents, Wilmington Trust, N.A. may be entitled to indemnification by the ESOP plan sponsors. These matters could result in damages, settlements, penalties, restitution, reputational damage or additional costs and expenses.
Due to their complex nature, it is difficult to estimate when litigation or investigatory matters may be resolved. As set forth in the introductory paragraph to this Item 1 — Legal Proceedings, losses from current litigation and regulatory matters which the Company is subject to that are not currently considered probable are within a range of reasonably possible losses for such matters in the aggregate, beyond the existing recorded liability, and are included in the range of reasonably possible losses set forth herein.
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Risk Factors.
There have been no material changes in risk factors relating to M&T to those disclosed in response to Item 1A. to Part I of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
(a) – (b) Not applicable.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period
(a)Total
of Shares
(or Units)
Purchased (1)
(b)Average
Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)
(c)Total
Number of
as Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
(d)Maximum
Number (or
Approximate
Dollar Value)
that may yet
be Purchased
Under the
Programs (2)
July 1 - July 31, 2019
520,301
163.39
520,000
1,550,037,229
August 1 - August 31, 2019
1,413,234
152.16
1,413,000
1,335,037,135
September 1 - September 30, 2019
1,933,535
155.18
1,933,000
(1)
The total number of shares purchased during the periods indicated includes shares purchased as part of publicly announced programs and shares deemed to have been received from employees who exercised stock options by attesting to previously acquired common shares in satisfaction of the exercise price or shares received from employees upon the vesting of restricted stock awards in satisfaction of applicable tax withholding obligations, as is permitted under M&T’s stock-based compensation plans.
(2)
On July 17, 2019 M&T’s Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.635 billion of common shares, including the remaining shares not purchased related to M&T’s 2018 revised capital plan.
(Not applicable.)
(None.)
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The following exhibits are filed as a part of this report.
Exhibit
No.
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation with respect to Perpetual 5.0% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series G, dated July 29, 2019. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of M&T Bank Corporation’s Form 8-K dated July 30, 2019 (File No. 1-9861).
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith.
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith.
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer under 18 U.S.C. §1350 pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith.
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer under 18 U.S.C. §1350 pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith.
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema. Filed herewith.
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase. Filed herewith.
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase. Filed herewith.
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase. Filed herewith.
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase. Filed herewith.
104
The cover page from M&T Bank Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 2019 has been formatted in Inline XBRL.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: November 5, 2019
By:
/s/ Darren J. King
Darren J. King
Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
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