Shake Shack - 10-Q quarterly report FY2016 Q3

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



(Mark One)
þ	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 28, 2016



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to ______

Commission file number: 001-36823

SHAKE SHACK INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware	47-1941186
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)
24 Union Square East, 5th Floor New York, New York	10003
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(646) 747-7200

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not applicable

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule-405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). þ Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	o		Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	þ	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). o Yes þ No

As of November 2, 2016, there were 24,921,902 shares of Class A common stock outstanding and 11,432,080 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

SHAKE SHACK INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q") contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 ("PSLRA"), which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause actual results to be materially different. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Many of the forward-looking statements are located in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q under the heading "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." Forward-looking statements discuss our current expectations and projections relating to our financial position, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business. You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements may include words such as "aim," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "outlook," "potential," "project," "projection," "plan," "intend," "seek," "may," "could," "would," "will," "should," "can," "can have," "likely," the negatives thereof and other similar expressions.

While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements, except that the safe harbor provisions of the PSLRA do not apply to any forward-looking statements relating to the operations of any of our partnerships or limited liability companies. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this Form 10-Q in the context of the risks and uncertainties disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015 and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the heading "Risk Factors."

The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

Shake Shack Inc.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).



	Page
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8

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SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)



		September 28 2016			December 30 2015
ASSETS
Current assets:
	Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,227		$	70,849
	Marketable securities	61,348			275
	Accounts receivable	4,488			4,217
	Inventories	828			543
	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,057			3,050
	Total current assets	81,948			78,934
Property and equipment, net		123,073			93,041
Deferred income taxes, net		301,654			201,957
Other assets		5,269			5,615
TOTAL ASSETS		$	511,944		$	379,547
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
	Accounts payable	$	5,845		$	6,786
	Accrued expenses	8,228			6,801
	Accrued wages and related liabilities	5,311			5,804
	Other current liabilities	6,741			4,614
	Total current liabilities	26,125			24,005
Note payable		—			313
Deferred rent		28,363			22,927
Liabilities under tax receivable agreement, net of current portion		261,902			170,933
Other long-term liabilities		4,132			4,350
Total liabilities		320,522			222,528
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
	Preferred stock, no par value—10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015.	—			—
	Class A common stock, $0.001 par value—200,000,000 shares authorized; 24,597,759 and 19,789,259 shares issued and outstanding as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, respectively.	25			20
	Class B common stock, $0.001 par value—35,000,000 shares authorized; 11,754,078 and 16,460,741 shares issued and outstanding as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, respectively.	11			16
	Additional paid-in capital	129,650			96,311
	Retained earnings	12,799			4,273
	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(15		)	(5		)
	Total stockholders' equity attributable to Shake Shack Inc.	142,470			100,615
Non-controlling interests		48,952			56,404
Total equity		191,422			157,019
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY		$	511,944		$	379,547

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)



		Thirteen Weeks Ended						Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
		September 28 2016			September 30 2015			September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Shack sales		$	71,871		$	51,275		$	188,430		$	133,905
Licensing revenue		2,696			1,998			6,774			5,626
TOTAL REVENUE		74,567			53,273			195,204			139,531
Shack-level operating expenses:
	Food and paper costs	20,393			14,929			53,529			39,650
	Labor and related expenses	18,216			12,176			46,640			32,445
	Other operating expenses	6,577			4,376			17,475			11,579
	Occupancy and related expenses	6,009			4,206			15,541			11,248
General and administrative expenses		7,885			5,728			22,265			30,165
Depreciation expense		3,719			2,636			10,229			7,274
Pre-opening costs		2,598			1,401			6,708			4,054
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		—			17			—			17
TOTAL EXPENSES		65,397			45,469			172,387			136,432
OPERATING INCOME		9,170			7,804			22,817			3,099
Other income, net		151			—			197			—
Interest expense		(89		)	(83		)	(267		)	(245		)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		9,232			7,721			22,747			2,854
Income tax expense		2,443			1,528			6,058			2,776
NET INCOME		6,789			6,193			16,689			78
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests		3,023			4,665			8,163			10,100
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.		$	3,766		$	1,528		$	8,526		$	(10,022	)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock:
	Basic	$	0.16		$	0.11		$	0.38		$	(0.80	)
	Diluted	$	0.15		$	0.10		$	0.37		$	(0.80	)
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding:
	Basic	24,023			13,757			22,310			12,590
	Diluted	24,554			14,785			22,805			12,590

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)



			Thirteen Weeks Ended					Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
			September 28 2016			September 30 2015		September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Net income			$	6,789		$	6,193	$	16,689		$	78
Other comprehensive (loss), net of tax:
	Available-for-sale securities⁽¹⁾:
		Change in net unrealized holding (losses)	(11		)	—		(19		)	—
		Less: reclassification adjustments for net realized losses included in net income	3			—		3			—
		Net change	(8		)	—		(16		)	—
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS)			(8		)	—		(16		)	—
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME			6,781			6,193		16,673			78
Less: comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests			3,020			4,665		8,157			10,100
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.			$	3,761		$	1,528	$	8,516		$	(10,022	)

(1) Net of tax benefit of $0 for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share amounts)



		Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Non- Controlling Interest			Total Equity
		Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Non- Controlling Interest			Total Equity
BALANCE, DECEMBER 30, 2015		19,789,259	$	20	16,460,741		$	16		$	96,311	$	4,273	$	(5	)	$	56,404		$	157,019
	Net income											8,526					8,163			16,689
	Other comprehensive loss:
	Net unrealized losses related to available-for-sale securities													(10		)	(6		)	(16		)
	Equity-based compensation									3,924										3,924
	Stock option exercises	101,837	—							390							1,682			2,072
	Income tax effect of stock compensation plans									31							4			35
	Redemption of LLC Interests	4,706,663	5		(4,706,663	)	(5		)	15,086							(15,086		)	—
	Establishment of liabilities under tax receivable agreement and related changes to deferred tax assets associated with increases in tax basis									13,908										13,908
	Distributions paid and payable to non-controlling interest holders																(2,209		)	(2,209		)
BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 28, 2016		24,597,759	$	25	11,754,078		$	11		$	129,650	$	12,799	$	(15	)	$	48,952		$	191,422

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SHAKE SHACK INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)



			Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
			September 28 2016			September 30 2015
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (including amounts attributable to non-controlling interests)			$	16,689		$	78
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
	Depreciation expense		10,229			7,274
	Equity-based compensation		3,817			15,509
	Deferred income taxes		121			—
	Non-cash interest expense		211			203
	Excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation		(35		)	—
	Loss on sale of marketable securities		3			—
	Loss on disposal of property and equipment		—			17
	Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
		Accounts receivable	1,365			143
		Inventories	(285		)	(78		)
		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	196			(802		)
		Other assets	(768		)	1,431
		Accounts payable	(53		)	(240		)
		Accrued expenses	4,503			1,260
		Accrued wages and related liabilities	(493		)	2,342
		Other current liabilities	1,448			421
		Deferred rent	3,863			3,717
		Other long-term liabilities	(289		)	(332		)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES			40,522			30,943
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property and equipment			(39,268		)	(25,327		)
Purchases of marketable securities			(60,566		)	—
Sales of marketable securities			498			—
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES			(99,336		)	(25,327		)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Payments on promissory note			(313		)	—
Proceeds from revolving credit facility			—			4,000
Payments on revolving credit facility			—			(36,000		)
Deferred financing costs			—			(103		)
Proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock sold in initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering costs			—			109,362
Proceeds from issuance of Class B common stock			—			30
Distributions paid to non-controlling interest holders			(1,602		)	—
Distributions paid to members prior to the initial public offering			—			(11,125		)
Proceeds from stock option exercises			2,072			—
Employee withholding taxes related to net settled equity awards			—			(4,636		)
Excess tax benefits from equity-based compensation			35			—
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES			192			61,528
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS			(58,622		)	67,144
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD			70,849			2,677
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD			$	12,227		$	69,821

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SHAKE SHACK INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

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NOTE 1: NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Shake Shack Inc. ("we," "us," "our," "Shake Shack" and the "Company") was formed on September 23, 2014 as a Delaware corporation for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering and other related transactions in order to carry on the business of SSE Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries ("SSE Holdings"). On February 4, 2015, we completed an initial public offering ("IPO") of 5,750,000 shares of our Class A common stock at a public offering price of $21.00 per share. We used the net proceeds from the IPO to purchase newly-issued membership interests from SSE Holdings ("LLC Interests"). Following the organizational transactions completed in connection with the IPO, we became the sole managing member of SSE Holdings. As sole managing member, we operate and control all of the business and affairs of SSE Holdings and, as a result, consolidate the financial results of SSE Holdings. We report a non-controlling interest representing the economic interest in SSE Holdings held by the other members of SSE Holdings. As of September 28, 2016 we owned 67.7% of SSE Holdings. Unless the context otherwise requires, "we," "us," "our," "Shake Shack," the "Company," and other similar references, refer to Shake Shack Inc. and, unless otherwise stated, all of its subsidiaries, including SSE Holdings.

We operate and license Shake Shack restaurants ("Shacks"), which serve hamburgers, hot dogs, crinkle-cut fries, shakes, frozen custard, beer, wine and more. As of September 28, 2016, there were 105 Shacks in operation, system-wide, of which 58 were domestic company-operated Shacks, six were domestic licensed Shacks and 41 were international licensed Shacks.

NOTE 2: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Shake Shack Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and on a basis consistent in all material respects with the accounting policies described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015 ("2015 Form 10-K"). In our opinion, all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operation have been included. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current year presentation. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full fiscal year.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 30, 2015 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in our 2015 Form 10-K.

In February 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis ("ASU 2015-02"). ASU 2015-02 amended the existing guidance to, among other things, modify the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are variable interest entities (VIEs) or voting interest entities, and eliminate the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership. We adopted ASU 2015-02 on December 31, 2015. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2015-02, we consolidated SSE Holdings as a voting interest entity. Pursuant to the provisions of ASU 2015-02, SSE Holdings is now considered a VIE. Shake Shack Inc. is the primary beneficiary as we have the majority economic interest in SSE Holdings and, as the sole managing member, have decision making authority that significantly affects the economic performance of the entity, while the limited partners have no substantive kick-out or participating rights. As a result, we will continue to consolidate SSE Holdings. The assets and liabilities of SSE Holdings represent substantially all of our consolidated assets and liabilities with the exception of certain deferred taxes and liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement. As of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, the net assets of SSE Holdings were $151,500 and $124,214, respectively. The assets of SSE Holdings are subject to certain restrictions in SSE Holdings' revolving credit agreements. See Note 7 for more information.

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Fiscal Year

We operate on a 52/53 week fiscal year ending on the last Wednesday in December. Fiscal 2016 contains 52 weeks and ends on December 28, 2016. Fiscal 2015 contained 52 weeks and ended on December 30, 2015. Unless otherwise stated, references to years in this report relate to fiscal years.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-05, Customers' Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement ("ASU 2015-05"). ASU 2015-05 provides guidance in evaluating whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then the software license element of the arrangement should be accounted for as an acquisition of a software license. If the arrangement does not contain a software license, it should be accounted for as a service contract. We adopted ASU 2015-05 on December 31, 2015 and elected to adopt the standard on a prospective basis. The adoption of ASU 2015-05 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-15, Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements ("ASU 2015-15"), which clarifies the guidance set forth in Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs ("ASU 2015-03"), issued in April 2015. ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized liability be presented on the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected. ASU 2015-15 provides additional guidance regarding debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements, stating that the SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement. We adopted ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 on December 31, 2015 and the adoption did not have a material effect our consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Payments ("ASU 2016-15"). ASU 2016-15 provides guidance on eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and is to be applied retrospectively to each period presented. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-15 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09"). ASU 2016-09 simplifies certain aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and can be applied either retrospectively or prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-04, Recognition of Breakage for Certain Prepaid Stored-Value Products ("ASU 2016-04"). ASU 2016-04 entitles a company to derecognize amounts related to expected breakage in proportion to the pattern of rights expected to be exercised by the product holder to the extent that it is probable a significant reversal of the recognized breakage amount will not subsequently occur. ASU 2016-04 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and is to be applied retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-04 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

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In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 establishes a new lease accounting model, that, for many companies, eliminates the concept of operating leases and requires entities to record assets and liabilities related to leases on the balance sheet for certain types of leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and requires the entity to apply a modified retrospective transition method for existing leases subject to certain transition relief. Early adoption will be permitted for all entities. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-02 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 requires: (i) equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; (ii) simplification of the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment; (iii) elimination of the requirement for public entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; (iv) public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; (v) an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments; (vi) separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; and (vii) clarification that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. ASU 2016-01 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and amendments should be applied by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet at the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted, subject to certain conditions. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-01 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory ("ASU 2015-11"). Under ASU 2015-11 entities should measure inventory that is not measured using last-in, first-out (LIFO) or the retail inventory method, including inventory that is measured using first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost, at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. ASU 2015-11 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and is to be applied prospectively. The adoption of ASU 2015-11 is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 supersedes the existing revenue recognition guidance and clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. In March 2016, the FASB issued an amendment to ASU 2014-09 clarifying the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. In April 2016, the FASB issued an amendment to ASU 2014-09 clarifying the considerations for identifying performance obligations and the implementation guidance for revenue recognized from licensing arrangements. In August 2015, the FASB issued an update to ASU 2014-09 deferring the effective date for public entities, on a retrospective basis, to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, subject to certain conditions. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2014-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements, as well as the expected timing and method of adoption.

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NOTE 3: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables present information about our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, and indicate the classification within the fair value hierarchy.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities by significant investment categories as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015:



		September 28, 2016
		Cost Basis		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Cash		$	7,111	$	—	$	—		$	7,111	$	7,111	$	—
Level 1:
	Money market funds	5,116		—		—			5,116		5,116		—
	Mutual funds	60,083		—		—			60,083		—		60,083
Level 2:
	Corporate debt securities⁽¹⁾	2,428		3		(30		)	2,401		—		2,401
Total		$	74,738	$	3	$	(30	)	$	74,711	$	12,227	$	62,484



		December 30, 2015
		Cost Basis		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Cash		$	70,816	$	—	$	—		$	70,816	$	70,816	$	—
Level 1:
	Money market funds	33		—		—			33		33		—
Level 2:
	Corporate debt securities⁽¹⁾	2,397		1		(12		)	2,386		—		2,386
Total		$	73,246	$	1	$	(12	)	$	73,235	$	70,849	$	2,386

(1)

The fair value of marketable securities with contractual maturity dates within one year are included in marketable securities and those with contractual maturity dates greater than one year are included in other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Corporate debt securities were measured at fair value using a market approach utilizing observable prices for identical securities or securities with similar characteristics and inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

The gross aggregate fair value of investments in an unrealized loss position as of September 28, 2016 was $1,526. All investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of September 28, 2016 have been in a continuous loss position for less than 12 months. Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities totaling $27 were included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 28, 2016. There were no unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015.

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A summary of other income from available-for-sale securities recognized during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015 is as follows:



		Thirteen Weeks Ended					Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
		September 28 2016			September 30 2015		September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Available-for-sale securities:
	Dividend income	$	133		$	—	$	133		$	—
	Interest income	22			—		68			—
	Loss on investments	(4		)	—		(4		)	—
Total other income, net		$	151		$	—	$	197		$	—

A summary of available-for-sale securities sold and gross realized gains and losses recognized during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015 is as follows:



		Thirteen Weeks Ended					Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
		September 28 2016			September 30 2015		September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Available-for-sale securities:
	Gross proceeds from sales and redemptions	$	176		$	—	$	498		$	—
	Cost basis of sales and redemptions	180			—		502			—
	Gross realized gains included in net income	—			—		1			—
	Gross realized losses included in net income	(4		)	—		(5		)	—
	Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss	3			—		3			—

Realized gains and losses are determined on a specific identification method and are included in other income,net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

The following table summarizes, by contractual maturity date, the estimated fair value of our investments in marketable debt securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale securities:



	September 28 2016
Due within one year	$	1,265
Due after one year through 5 years	1,136
Due after 5 years through 10 years	—
Due after 10 years	—
Total	$	2,401

We periodically review our marketable securities for other-than-temporary impairment. We consider factors such as the duration, severity and the reason for the decline in value, the potential recovery period and our intent to sell. For our debt securities, we also consider whether (i) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, and (ii) the amortized cost basis cannot be recovered as a result of credit losses. As of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, the declines in the market value of our marketable securities investment portfolio were considered to be temporary in nature.

Other Financial Instruments

The carrying value of our other financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015 approximated their fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include our long-lived assets and indefinite-lived intangible assets. There were no impairments recognized during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

NOTE 4: INVENTORIES

Inventories as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015 consisted of the following:



	September 28 2016		December 30 2015
Food	$	580	$	328
Wine	38		30
Beer	51		46
Beverages	84		57
Retail merchandise	75		82
Inventories	$	828	$	543

NOTE 5: PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015 consisted of the following:



	September 28 2016		December 30 2015
Leasehold improvements	$	110,550	$	82,904
Equipment	22,072		16,903
Furniture and fixtures	6,735		4,965
Computer equipment and software	7,094		5,197
Construction in progress	10,370		6,591
Property and equipment, gross	156,821		116,560
Less: accumulated depreciation	33,748		23,519
Property and equipment, net	$	123,073	$	93,041

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NOTE 6: SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

The components of other current liabilities as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015 are as follows:



	September 28 2016		December 30 2015
Sales tax payable	$	1,355	$	1,073
Current portion of liabilities under tax receivable agreement	1,979		2,157
Gift card liability	816		833
Other	2,591		551
Other current liabilities	$	6,741	$	4,614

NOTE 7: DEBT

In January 2015, we executed a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which became effective on February 4, 2015 (together with the prior agreements and amendments, and as further amended, the "Revolving Credit Facility"), which provides for a revolving total commitment amount of $50,000, of which $20,000 is available immediately. The Revolving Credit Facility will mature and all amounts outstanding will be due and payable five years from the effective date. The Revolving Credit Facility permits the issuance of letters of credit upon our request of up to $10,000. In May 2016, the Revolving Credit Facility was amended to, among other things, lower the borrowing rates. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at either: (i) LIBOR plus a percentage ranging from 2.3% to 3.3% or (ii) the prime rate plus a percentage ranging from 0.0% to 0.8%, depending on the type of borrowing made under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, there were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 28, 2016, we had $19,920 of availability under the Revolving Credit Facility, after giving effect to $80 in outstanding letters of credit.

The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of SSE Holdings and the guarantors. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by each of SSE Holdings' wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries (with certain exceptions).

The Revolving Credit Facility contains a number of covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to, subject to specified exceptions, incur additional debt; incur additional liens and contingent liabilities; sell or dispose of assets; merge with or acquire other companies; liquidate or dissolve ourselves; pay dividends or make distributions; engage in businesses that are not in a related line of business; make loans, advances or guarantees; engage in transactions with affiliates; and make investments. In addition, the Revolving Credit Facility contains certain cross-default provisions. We are required to maintain a specified consolidated fixed-charge coverage ratio and a specified funded net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio, both as defined under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 28, 2016, we were in compliance with all covenants.

In March 2013, we entered into a promissory note in the amount of $313 in connection with the purchase of a liquor license. Interest on the outstanding principal balance of this note is due and payable on a monthly basis from the effective date at a rate of 5.0% per year. The entire principal balance and interest is due and payable on the earlier of the maturity date, which is the expiration of the lease in June 2023, or the date of the sale of the license. As of December 30, 2015 the outstanding balance of the promissory note was $313. During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, we repaid the entire outstanding balance of the promissory note. No amounts were outstanding as of September 28, 2016.

Total interest costs incurred were $89 and $267 for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively, and $83 and $353 for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. Total amounts capitalized into property and equipment were $108 for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015. No amounts were capitalized for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016.

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NOTE 8: NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

We are the sole managing member of SSE Holdings and, as a result, consolidate the financial results of SSE Holdings. We report a non-controlling interest representing the economic interest in SSE Holdings held by the other members of SSE Holdings. The Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement (the "LLC Agreement") of SSE Holdings provides that holders of LLC Interests may, from time to time, require SSE Holdings to redeem all or a portion of their LLC Interests for newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. In connection with any redemption or exchange, we will receive a corresponding number of LLC Interests, increasing our total ownership interest in SSE Holdings. Changes in our ownership interest in SSE Holdings while we retain our controlling interest in SSE Holdings will be accounted for as equity transactions. As such, future redemptions or direct exchanges of LLC Interests in SSE Holdings by the other members of SSE Holdings will result in a change in ownership and reduce the amount recorded as non-controlling interest and increase additional paid-in capital.

The following table summarizes the ownership interest in SSE Holdings as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015.



	September 28, 2016			December 30, 2015
	LLC Interests	Ownership %		LLC Interests	Ownership %
Number of LLC Interests held by Shake Shack Inc.	24,597,759	67.7	%	19,789,259	54.6	%
Number of LLC Interests held by non-controlling interest holders	11,754,078	32.3	%	16,460,741	45.4	%
Total LLC Interests outstanding	36,351,837	100.0	%	36,250,000	100.0	%

The weighted average ownership percentages for the applicable reporting periods are used to attribute net income and other comprehensive loss to Shake Shack Inc. and the non-controlling interest holders. The non-controlling interest holders' weighted average ownership percentage for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 was 33.9% and 38.5%, respectively. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, net income was attributed to non-controlling interest holders only for the period subsequent to the IPO and the organizational transactions completed in connection with our IPO, based on a weighted-average ownership percentage of 62.5% and 65.1%, respectively.

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The following table summarizes the effects of changes in ownership in SSE Holdings on our equity during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015.



		Thirteen Weeks Ended				Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
		September 28 2016		September 30 2015		September 28 2016		September 30 2015
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.		$	3,761	$	1,528	$	8,516	$	(10,022	)
Transfers (to) from non-controlling interests:						—		—
	Increase in additional paid-in capital as a result of the settlement of unit appreciation rights	—		—		—		987
	Decrease in additional paid-in capital as a result of the organizational transactions completed in connection with our IPO	—		—		—		(75,182		)
	Increase in additional paid-in capital as a result of the redemption of LLC Interests	4,708		—		15,086		—
	Increase in additional paid-in capital as a result of stock option exercises and the related income tax effect	17		—		421		—
Total effect of changes in ownership interest on equity attributable to Shake Shack Inc.		$	8,486	$	1,528	$	24,023	$	(84,217	)

In February 2015, we used the net proceeds from our IPO to purchase 5,750,000 newly-issued LLC Interests. Additionally, in connection with our IPO, we acquired 5,968,841 LLC Interests through the acquisition, by merger, of two entities that were owned by former indirect members of SSE Holdings. Pursuant to the LLC Agreement, we received 339,306 LLC Interests as a result of the issuance of 339,306 shares of Class A common stock in settlement of the outstanding UARs.

During thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, an aggregate of 4,706,663 LLC Interests were redeemed by non-controlling interest holders for newly-issued shares of Class A common stock, and we received 4,706,663 LLC Interests in connection with these redemptions, increasing our total ownership interest in SSE Holdings. During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 3,155,273 LLC Interests were redeemed by the non-controlling interest holders in connection with the secondary offering.

During thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, we received an aggregate of 101,837 LLC Interests in connection with the exercise of employee stock options. No stock options were exercised during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015.

NOTE 9: EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

A summary of equity-based compensation expense recognized during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015 is as follows:



	Thirteen Weeks Ended				Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
	September 28 2016		September 30 2015		September 28 2016		September 30 2015
Unit appreciation rights	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	11,762
Restricted Class B units	—		—		—		605
Stock options	1,085		1,172		3,168		3,142
Performance stock units	492		—		649		—
Equity-based compensation expense	$	1,577	$	1,172	$	3,817	$	15,509
Total income tax benefit recognized related to equity-based compensation	$	53	$	42	$	117	$	404

Amounts are included in general and administrative expense and labor and related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

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Unit Appreciation Rights

Prior to the IPO, we maintained a Unit Appreciation Rights Plan (the "UAR Plan"), effective in fiscal year 2012, and as amended, whereby we had the authority to grant up to 31,303 unit appreciation rights ("UARs") to employees. The UARs granted were subject to continued employment and were only exercisable upon a qualifying transaction, which was either a change of control or an initial public offering. Our IPO constituted a qualifying transaction under the terms of the UAR Plan, and as a result 339,306 shares of Class A common stock were issued upon the settlement of the 22,554 outstanding UARs, net of employee withholding taxes. We recognized compensation expense of $11,762 during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 upon settlement of the outstanding UARs.

There were no UARs outstanding as of September 28, 2016 or December 30, 2015. No compensation expense was recognized during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016.

Restricted Class B Units

Prior to the IPO, we granted restricted Class B units to certain of our executive officers. These awards were to vest in equal installments over periods ranging from three to five years. If not already fully vested, these units would fully vest (i) upon the occurrence of a change in control event or (ii) upon the occurrence of an initial public offering. The IPO constituted a transaction under the terms of the restricted Class B unit award agreements that resulted in the accelerated vesting of all then-outstanding awards, and we recognized $605 of equity-based compensation expense upon the vesting of these awards during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015.

There were no restricted Class B units outstanding as of September 28, 2016 or December 30, 2015. No compensation expense was recorded during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016.

Stock Options

In January 2015, we adopted the 2015 Incentive Award Plan (the "2015 Plan") under which we may grant up to 5,865,522 stock options and other equity-based awards to employees, directors and officers. The stock options granted generally vest equally over periods ranging from one to five years. We do not use cash to settle any of our equity-based awards, and we issue new shares of Class A common stock upon the exercise of stock options.

The fair value of stock option awards was determined on the grant date using the Black-Scholes valuation model based on the following weighted-average assumptions:



	Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
	September 28 2016
Expected term (years)⁽¹⁾	5.5
Expected volatility⁽²⁾	50.8	%
Risk-free interest rate⁽³⁾	1.5	%
Dividend yield⁽⁴⁾	—	%


(1)	Expected term represents the estimated period of time until an award is exercised and was determined using the simplified method.


(2)	Expected volatility is based on a combination of our historical volatility and the historical volatility of a selected peer group over a period equivalent to the expected term.


(3)	The risk-free rate rate is an interpolation of yields on U.S. Treasury securities with maturities equivalent to the expected term.


(4)	We have assumed a dividend yield of zero as we have no plans to declare dividends in the foreseeable future.

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A summary of stock option activity for thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 is as follows:



		Stock Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of period		2,574,981		$	21.00
	Granted	15,823		34.62
	Exercised	(107,091	)	21.00
	Forfeited	(39,310	)	(21.00		)
Outstanding at end of period		2,444,403		$	21.09

The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 was $34.62. As of September 28, 2016, there were 2,444,403 stock options outstanding, of which 453,760 were exercisable. As of September 28, 2016, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, including an estimate for pre-vesting forfeitures, was $13,707, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.3 years.

Performance Stock Units

Under the 2015 Plan, we may grant performance stock units and other types of performance-based equity awards that vest based on the outcome of certain performance criteria that are established and approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The actual number of equity awards earned is based on the level of performance achieved over a predetermined performance period, relative to established financial goals, none of which are considered market conditions.

For performance stock units granted during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, the amount of awards that can be earned range from 0% to 125% of the number of performance stock units granted, based on the achievement of approved financial goals over a performance period that is approximately one year. In addition to the performance conditions, performance stock units are also subject to a requisite service period and the awards will vest ratably over three years. The fair value of performance stock units is determined based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense related to the performance stock units is recognized using a graded-vesting attribution method over the vesting period based on the most probable outcome of the performance conditions.

A summary of performance stock unit activity for thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 is as follows:



		Performance Stock Units		Weighted Average Grant Value Price
Outstanding at beginning of period		—		$	—
	Granted	63,600		38.41
	Vested	—		—
	Forfeited	(800	)	(38.43		)
Outstanding at end of period		62,800		$	38.41

As of September 28, 2016, there were 62,800 performance stock units outstanding, of which none were exercisable. As of September 28, 2016, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested performance stock units, including an estimate for pre-vesting forfeitures, was $1,901, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.6 years.

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NOTE 10: INCOME TAXES

We are the sole managing member of SSE Holdings, and as a result, consolidate the financial results of SSE Holdings. SSE Holdings is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, SSE Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by SSE Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including us, on a pro rata basis. We are subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income or loss of SSE Holdings, as well as any stand-alone income or loss generated by Shake Shack Inc. We are also subject to withholding taxes in foreign jurisdictions.

Income Tax Expense

A reconciliation of income tax expense computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the recognized income tax expense is as follows:



	Thirteen Weeks Ended						Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
	September 28 2016			September 30 2015			September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Expected U.S. federal income taxes at statutory rate (34%)	$	3,139		$	2,625		$	7,734		$	970
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit	533			476			1,277			502
Foreign withholding taxes	148			107			505			329
Non-deductible expenses	—			14			—			357
Tax credits	(243		)	—			(369		)	—
Non-controlling interest	(1,134		)	(1,694		)	(3,089		)	618
Income tax expense	$	2,443		$	1,528		$	6,058		$	2,776

Our effective income tax rates for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 26.5% and 19.8%, respectively. The increase in our effective income tax rate for the period is primarily due to an increase in our ownership interest in SSE Holdings. As our ownership interest in SSE Holdings increases, our share of the taxable income of SSE Holdings also increases. Our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings was 66.1% and 37.5% for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively.

Our effective income tax rates for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were 26.6% and 97.3%, respectively. As the non-recurring compensation expenses and other IPO-related expenses recognized during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 were incurred in the period prior to the organizational transactions completed in connection with the IPO, and prior to our becoming a member of SSE Holdings, we are not entitled to any tax benefits related to those losses. We recognized tax expense on our allocable share of the pre-tax income generated in the period subsequent to becoming a member of SSE Holdings, which resulted in a very high effective tax rate when compared to our consolidated pre-tax income. Our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings was 61.5% and 34.9% for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, we acquired an aggregate of 4,808,500 LLC Interests in connection with the redemption of LLC Interests and the exercise of employee stock options. We recognized an additional deferred tax asset in the amount of $61,470 associated with the change in the basis difference in our investment in SSE Holdings upon acquisition of these LLC Interests. However, a portion of the total basis difference will only reverse upon the eventual sale of our interest in SSE Holdings, which we expect would result in a capital loss. As of September 28, 2016, we established a valuation allowance in the amount of $16,398 against the deferred tax asset to which this portion relates.

During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, we also recognized $36,456 of deferred tax assets related to additional tax basis increases generated from expected future payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement and related deductions for imputed interest on such payments. See "—Tax Receivable Agreement" for more information.

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We evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis and establish valuation allowances when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset may not be realized. As of September 28, 2016, we concluded, based on the weight of all available positive and negative evidence, that all of our deferred tax assets (except for those deferred tax assets described above relating to basis differences that are expected to result in a capital loss upon the eventual sale of our interest in SSE Holdings) are more likely than not to be realized. As such, no additional valuation allowance was recognized.

Uncertain Tax Positions

No uncertain tax positions existed as of September 28, 2016. Shake Shack Inc. was formed in September 2014 and did not engage in any operations prior to the IPO and related organizational transactions. Shake Shack Inc. first filed tax returns for tax year 2014, which is the first tax year subject to examination by taxing authorities for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. Additionally, although SSE Holdings is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and state income taxes purposes, it is still required to file an annual U.S. Return of Partnership Income, which is subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"). The statute of limitations has expired for tax years through 2012 for SSE Holdings.

Tax Receivable Agreement

Pursuant to our election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"), we expect to obtain an increase in our share of the tax basis in the net assets of SSE Holdings when LLC Interests are redeemed or exchanged by the other members of SSE Holdings. We plan to make an election under Section 754 of Code for each taxable year in which a redemption or exchange of LLC Interest occurs. We intend to treat any redemptions and exchanges of LLC Interests as direct purchases of LLC Interests for U.S. federal income tax purposes. These increases in tax basis may reduce the amounts that we would otherwise pay in the future to various tax authorities. They may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets.

On February 4, 2015, we entered into a tax receivable agreement with certain of the then-existing members of SSE Holdings (the "Tax Receivable Agreement") that provides for the payment by us of 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that we actually realize, or in some cases are deemed to realize, as a result of (i) increases in our share of the tax basis in the net assets of SSE Holdings resulting from any redemptions or exchanges of LLC Interests, (ii) tax basis increases attributable to payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and (iii) deductions attributable to imputed interest pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement (the "TRA Payments"). We expect to benefit from the remaining 15% of any tax benefits that we may actually realize. The TRA Payments are not conditioned upon any continued ownership interest in SSE Holdings or us. The rights of each SSE Holdings member party under the Tax Receivable Agreement are assignable to transferees of its LLC Interests.

During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, we acquired an aggregate of 4,706,663 LLC Interests in connection with the redemption of LLC Interests, which resulted in an increase in the tax basis of our investment in SSE Holdings subject to the provisions of the Tax Receivable Agreement. We recognized an additional liability in the amount of $90,776 for the TRA Payments due to the redeeming members, representing 85% of the aggregate tax benefits we expect to realize from the tax basis increases related to the redemption of LLC Interests, after concluding it was probable that such TRA Payments would be paid based on our estimates of future taxable income. As of September 28, 2016, the total amount of TRA Payments due under the Tax Receivable Agreement, including accrued interest, was $263,881, of which $1,979 was included in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 13 for more information relating to our liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

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NOTE 11: EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income available to Shake Shack Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income available to Shake Shack Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities.

The following table sets forth reconciliations of the numerators and denominators used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015.



			Thirteen Weeks Ended				Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
			September 28 2016		September 30 2015		September 28 2016		September 30 2015
Numerator:
	Net income		$	6,789	$	6,193	$	16,689	$	78
	Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests		3,023		4,665		8,163		10,100
	Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.		$	3,766	$	1,528	$	8,526	$	(10,022	)
Denominator:
	Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—basic		24,023		13,757		22,310		12,590
	Effect of dilutive securities:
		Stock options	531		1,028		495		—
	Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted		24,554		14,785		22,805		12,590

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic			$	0.16	$	0.11	$	0.38	$	(0.80	)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted			$	0.15	$	0.10	$	0.37	$	(0.80	)

Shares of our Class B common stock do not share in the earnings or losses of Shake Shack and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented.

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The following table presents potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015.



	Thirteen Weeks Ended				Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
	September 28 2016		September 30 2015		September 28 2016		September 30 2015
Stock options	—		—		—		2,580,856	(1)
Performance stock units	62,800	(2)	—		62,800	(2)	—
Shares of Class B common stock	11,754,078	(3)	21,036,580	(3)	11,754,078	(3)	21,036,580	(3)


(1)	Excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock because the effect would have been anti-dilutive since we recognized a net loss for the period.


(2)	Excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock because the performance conditions associated with these awards were not met assuming the end of the reporting period was the end of the performance period.


(3)	Shares of our Class B common stock are considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A common stock. Amounts have been excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock because the effect would have been anti-dilutive under the if-converted and two-class methods.

NOTE 12: SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

The following table sets forth supplemental cash flow information for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015:



		Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
		September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Cash paid for:
	Income taxes, net of refunds	$	1,292		$	338
	Interest, net of amounts capitalized	40			75
Non-cash investing activities:
	Accrued purchases of property and equipment	5,792			3,682
	Accrued purchases of marketable securities	51			—
	Capitalized equity-based compensation	107			—
	Class A common stock issued in connection with the acquisition of two former indirect members of SSE Holdings	—			6
Non-cash financing activities:
	Cancellation of Class B common stock in connection with certain organizational transactions completed in connection with our IPO	—			(6		)
	Class A common stock issued in connection with the redemption of LLC Interests	5			3
	Cancellation of Class B common stock in connection with the redemption of LLC Interests	(5		)	(3		)
	Establishment of liabilities under tax receivable agreement	90,776			103,356
	Accrued distributions payable to non-controlling interest holders	607			—

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NOTE 13: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Lease Commitments

We are obligated under various operating leases for Shacks and our home office space, expiring in various years through 2035. Under certain of these leases, we are liable for contingent rent based on a percentage of sales in excess of specified thresholds and are typically responsible for our proportionate share of real estate taxes, common area maintenance charges and utilities.

As security under the terms of several of our leases, we are obligated under letters of credit totaling $160 as of September 28, 2016. The letters of credit expire on April 23, 2017 and February 28, 2026. In addition, in December 2013, we entered into an irrevocable standby letter of credit in conjunction with our home office lease in the amount of $80. The letter of credit expires in September 2017 and renews automatically for one-year periods through September 30, 2019.

Purchase Commitments

Purchase obligations include legally binding contracts, including commitments for the purchase, construction or remodeling of real estate and facilities, firm minimum commitments for inventory purchases, equipment purchases, marketing-related contracts, software acquisition/license commitments and service contracts. These obligations are generally short-term in nature and are recorded as liabilities when the related goods are received or services rendered. We also enter into long-term, exclusive contracts with certain vendors to supply us with food, beverages and paper goods, obligating us to purchase specified quantities.

Legal Contingencies

In November 2015, we met with a law firm representing two former Shake Shack managers who alleged that we improperly classified our restaurant managers as exempt. Although we have always believed that our managers are properly classified as exempt under both federal and state laws, and have always intended to defend any allegations to the contrary vigorously, we agreed to mediate the matter. At the conclusion of the meeting, the parties entered into a Memorandum of Understanding, and we agreed to create a fund of $750 to settle the matter. In exchange, all managers who choose to participate (former and current), including the two former managers, will release Shake Shack from all federal and/or state wage and hour claims that may exist through the settlement date. As part of the settlement process, the parties entered into a Settlement Agreement on March 11, 2016, and the law firm filed a Complaint on March 17, 2016 with the Supreme Court of the State of New York (the “Court”), a request for judicial intervention on March 19, 2016 and a motion seeking the Court’s preliminary approval of the class action settlement on May 20, 2016. On October 25, 2016, the Court issued its order granting the law firm's motion for preliminary approval of the class action settlement. As of September 28, 2016, an accrual in the amount of $770 was recorded for this matter and the related expenses.

We are subject to various legal and regulatory proceedings, claims and liabilities, such as employment-related claims and slip and fall cases, which arise in the ordinary course of business and are generally covered by insurance. As of September 28, 2016, the amount of ultimate liability with respect to these matters was not material.

Liabilities under Tax Receivable Agreement

As described in Note 10, we are a party to the Tax Receivable Agreement under which we are contractually committed to pay certain of the members of SSE Holdings 85% of the amount of any tax benefits that we actually realize, or in some cases are deemed to realize, as a result of certain transactions. We are not obligated to make any payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement until the tax benefits associated with the transactions that gave rise to the payments are realized. Amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement are contingent upon, among other things, (i) generation of future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement and (ii) future changes in tax laws. If we do not generate sufficient taxable income in the aggregate over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the tax benefits, then we would not be required to make the related TRA Payments. During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015, we recognized liabilities totaling $90,776 and $103,356, respectively, relating to our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, after concluding that it was probable that we would have sufficient future taxable income to utilize the related tax benefits. As of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, our total obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, including accrued interest, were $263,881 and $173,090, respectively. There were no transactions subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement for which we did not recognize the related liability, as we concluded that we would have sufficient future taxable income to utilize all of the related tax benefits.

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NOTE 14: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Union Square Hospitality Group

Union Square Hospitality Group, LLC is a stockholder and a party to the Stockholders Agreement dated February 4, 2015, as amended, that we entered into in connection with our IPO. The Chairman of our Board of Directors serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Union Square Hospitality Group, LLC. As a result, Union Square Hospitality Group, LLC and its subsidiaries (collectively, "USHG") are considered related parties.

Previously, our employees were included in USHG's self-insurance health plan and we paid our portion of the plan costs on a monthly basis to USHG. In February 2015, we established our own self-funded health insurance plan for our employees and ceased payments to USHG. Amounts paid to the USHG for these health insurance costs were $146 for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015. No amounts were paid to USHG for health insurance costs for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016. These amounts are included in labor and related expenses and general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Additionally, our employees are eligible participants under USHG's 401(k) plan. We pay our share of the employer's matching contributions directly to the third-party plan trustee.

We also pay USHG for certain miscellaneous general operating expenses incurred by them on our behalf. Total amounts paid to USHG for general corporate expenses were $1 and $7 for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 total amounts paid to USHG for general corporate expenses were $29 and $155, respectively. These amounts are included in general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

No amounts were payable to USHG as of September 28, 2016. Total amounts payable to USHG as of December 30, 2015 were $2. These amounts are included in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. No amounts were due from USHG as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015.

Hudson Yards Sports and Entertainment

In fiscal 2011, we entered into a Master License Agreement (as amended, "MLA") with Hudson Yards Sports and Entertainment LLC ("HYSE"), a subsidiary of USHG and a related party, to operate Shake Shack branded limited menu concession stands in sports and entertainment venues within the United States. The agreement expires on December 31, 2027 and includes five consecutive five-year renewal options at HYSE's option. As consideration for these rights, HYSE pays us a license fee based on a percentage of net food sales, as defined in the MLA. HYSE also pays us a percentage of profits on sales of branded beverages, as defined in the MLA. Amounts paid to us by HYSE for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 were $174 and $277, respectively, and $157 and $252 for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. Total amounts due from HYSE as of September 28, 2016 were $66, which is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. No amounts were due from HYSE as of December 30, 2015 due to the seasonal nature of the concession stands.

Madison Square Park Conservancy

The Chairman of our Board of Directors serves as a director of the Madison Square Park Conservancy ("MSP Conservancy"), with which we have a license agreement and pay license fees to operate our Madison Square Park Shack. Amounts paid to Madison Square Park Conservancy as rent amounted to $195 and $585, respectively, for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016. We paid $331 and $442 to Madison Square Park Conservancy as rent for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. These amounts are included in occupancy and related expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Total amounts due to the MSP Conservancy as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015 were $246 and $17, respectively, which is included in accrued expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Share Our Strength

The Chairman of our Board of Directors serves as a director of Share Our Strength, for which Shake Shack holds the "Great American Shake Sale" every year during the month of May to raise money and awareness for childhood hunger. During the Great American Shake Sale, we encourage guests to donate money to Share Our Strength's No Kid Hungry campaign in exchange for a coupon

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for a free cake-themed shake. All of the guest donations we collect go directly to Share Our Strength. We raised a total of $587 and $504 during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively. No amounts were raised during the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015, respectively. All proceeds were remitted to Share Our Strength in the respective years. We incurred costs of approximately $17 and $115 for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively. For the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 we incurred costs of $12 and $101, respectively. These costs represent the cost of the free shakes redeemed and are included in general and administrative expense and other operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Additionally, we held a promotional event during the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 in which we donated a total of $20 to the Share Our Strength's No Kid Hungry campaign, which is included in general and administrative expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Mobo Systems, Inc.

The Chairman of our Board of Directors serves as a director of Mobo Systems, Inc. (also known as "Olo"), a platform we use in connection with our mobile ordering application. No amounts were paid to Olo for both the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016. Amounts paid to Olo for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 were $8. No amounts were paid to Olo for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015. No amounts were payable to Olo as of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015.

Tax Receivable Agreement

As described in Note 10, we entered into a tax receivable agreement with certain members of SSE Holdings that provides for the payment by us of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that Shake Shack actually realizes or in some cases is deemed to realize as a result of certain transactions. No amounts were paid to any members of SSE Holdings pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015. As of September 28, 2016 and December 30, 2015, total amounts due to members of SSE Holdings under the under the Tax Receivable Agreement were $263,881 and $173,090, respectively.

Distributions to Members of SSE Holdings

Under the terms of the SSE Holdings LLC Agreement, SSE Holdings is obligated to make tax distributions to its members. During the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 tax distributions of $1,602 were paid to non-controlling interest holders. No tax distributions were paid to non-controlling interest holders during the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016. A special distribution was paid to certain of the members of SSE Holdings in the amount of $11,125 on February 4, 2015. No tax distributions were paid to non-controlling interest holders during the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015. As of September 28, 2016, $607 was payable to non-controlling interest holders and no distributions were payable to non-controlling interest holders as of December 30, 2015.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This section and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q") contain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 ("PSLRA"), which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause actual results to be materially different. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact, such as our expected financial outlook for fiscal 2016, preliminary financial outlook for fiscal 2017, expected Shack openings, expected same-Shack sales growth and trends in our business. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as "aim," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "future," "intend," "outlook," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "seek," "may," "can," "will," "would," "could," "should," the negatives thereof and other similar expressions. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements, except that the safe harbor provisions of the PSLRA do not apply to any forward-looking statements relating to the operations of any of our partnerships or limited liability companies. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015 ("2015 Form 10-K") and Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our 2015 Form 10-K, our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. All information presented herein is based on our fiscal calendar. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years, quarters, months or periods refer to our fiscal years and the associated quarters, months and periods of those fiscal years. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.

OVERVIEW

Shake Shack is a modern day "roadside" burger stand serving a classic American menu of premium burgers, hot dogs, crinkle cut fries, shakes, frozen custard, beer and wine. As of September 28, 2016, there were 105 Shacks in operation, system-wide, of which 58 were domestic company-operated Shacks, six were domestic licensed Shacks and 41 were international licensed Shacks.

Development Highlights

During the quarter, the Company opened seven domestic company-operated Shacks, including the Company's 100th opening at the Boston Seaport, its first Shack in Dallas at The Crescent, a second Shack in the Los Angeles market at The Americana in Glendale. Additionally, the Company opened three net new licensed Shacks, including its first Shack in South Korea in Seoul's Gangnam district, as well a third Shack in the Japan market at the Tokyo International Forum.

Financial Highlights for the Third Quarter 2016


▪	Total revenue increased 40.0% to $74.6 million.


▪	Shack sales increased 40.2% to $71.9 million.


▪	Same-Shack sales increased 2.9%.


▪	Net income was $3.8 million, or $0.15 per diluted share.


▪	Operating income increased 17.5% to $9.2 million.


▪	Shack-level operating profit*, a non-GAAP measure, increased 32.6% to $20.7 million, or 28.8% of Shack sales.


▪	Adjusted EBITDA*, a non-GAAP measure, increased 26.3% to $15.2 million.


▪	Adjusted pro forma net income*, a non-GAAP measure, increased 25.1% to $5.5 million, or $0.15 per fully exchanged and diluted share.

* Shack-level operating profit, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted pro forma net income are non-GAAP measures. See "—Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for reconciliations of Shack-level operating profit to operating income, adjusted EBITDA to net income, and

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adjusted pro forma net income to net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc., the most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP.

We continued to execute on our growth strategies in 2016 and the third quarter of 2016 was positively impacted by the following: (i) an approximate 1.5% menu price increase implemented at the end of December 2015, (ii) menu innovation and positive mix shifts from the Chick'n Shack and the Bacon CheddarShack, and (iii) lower commodity prices, primarily in beef and dairy.

Net income attributable to Shake Shack Inc. was $3.8 million, or $0.15 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2016, compared to $1.5 million, or $0.10 per diluted share, for the same period last year. On an adjusted pro forma basis, which excludes certain non-recurring items and assumes that all outstanding LLC Interests were exchanged for shares of Class A common stock as of the beginning of the period, we would have recognized net income of $5.5 million, or $0.15 per fully exchanged and diluted share, for the third quarter of 2016 compared to $4.4 million, or $0.12 per fully exchanged and diluted share for the the third quarter of 2015, an increase of 25.1%.

FISCAL 2016 OUTLOOK

For the fiscal year ending December 28, 2016, we revised our financial outlook to the following:



	Current Outlook	Previous Outlook
Total revenue	$264 to $265 million	$253 to $256 million
Same-Shack sales growth (%)	4% to 5% increase	4% to 5% increase
Domestic company-operated Shack openings	19	18
Licensed Shack openings	10, net	7, net
Labor and related expenses (as a percentage of total revenue) (basis points)	50 to 60 basis points of deleverage	50 basis points of deleverage
Adjusted pro forma effective tax rate (%)	40% to 41%	40% to 41%

PRELIMINARY FISCAL 2017 OUTLOOK

For the fiscal year ending December 27, 2017, we are providing the following preliminary financial outlook:



			Current Outlook
Total revenue			$348 to $352 million
Same-Shack sales growth (%)⁽¹⁾			2% to 3% increase
Domestic company-operated Shack openings⁽²⁾			21 to 22
Licensed Shack openings			10, net
Shack-level operating profit margin			26.5% to 27.5%
General and administrative expenses			$37 to $39 million
Depreciation expense			$21 million
Adjusted pro forma effective tax rate (%)			40% and 41%

(1) Includes approximately 1.5% to 2.0% of menu price increases to be taken in early January and nominal traffic and mix increases.


(2)	The average annual sales volume for the domestic company-operated Shacks to be opened in fiscal 2017 is expected to be at least $3.2 million with Shack-level operating profit margins of at least 21%.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015:



		Thirteen Weeks Ended										Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		September 28 2016					September 30 2015					September 28 2016					September 30 2015
Shack sales		$	71,871		96.4	%	$	51,275		96.2	%	$	188,430		96.5	%	$	133,905		96.0	%
Licensing revenue		2,696			3.6	%	1,998			3.8	%	6,774			3.5	%	5,626			4.0	%
TOTAL REVENUE		74,567			100.0	%	53,273			100.0	%	195,204			100.0	%	139,531			100.0	%
Shack-level operating expenses⁽¹⁾:
	Food and paper costs	20,393			28.4	%	14,929			29.1	%	53,529			28.4	%	39,650			29.6	%
	Labor and related expenses	18,216			25.3	%	12,176			23.7	%	46,640			24.8	%	32,445			24.2	%
	Other operating expenses	6,577			9.2	%	4,376			8.5	%	17,475			9.3	%	11,579			8.6	%
	Occupancy and related expenses	6,009			8.4	%	4,206			8.2	%	15,541			8.2	%	11,248			8.4	%
General and administrative expenses		7,885			10.6	%	5,728			10.8	%	22,265			11.4	%	30,165			21.6	%
Depreciation expense		3,719			5.0	%	2,636			4.9	%	10,229			5.2	%	7,274			5.2	%
Pre-opening costs		2,598			3.5	%	1,401			2.6	%	6,708			3.4	%	4,054			2.9	%
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		—			—	%	17			—	%	—			—	%	17			—	%
TOTAL EXPENSES		65,397			87.7	%	45,469			85.4	%	172,387			88.3	%	136,432			97.8	%
OPERATING INCOME		9,170			12.3	%	7,804			14.6	%	22,817			11.7	%	3,099			2.2	%
Other income, net		151			0.2	%	—			—	%	197			0.1	%	—			—	%
Interest expense		(89		)	(0.1	)%	(83		)	(0.2	)%	(267		)	(0.1	)%	(245		)	(0.2	)%
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		9,232			12.4	%	7,721			14.5	%	22,747			11.7	%	2,854			2.0	%
Income tax expense		2,443			3.3	%	1,528			2.9	%	6,058			3.1	%	2,776			2.0	%
NET INCOME		6,789			9.1	%	6,193			11.6	%	16,689			8.5	%	78			0.1	%
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests		3,023			4.1	%	4,665			8.8	%	8,163			4.2	%	10,100			7.2	%
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAKE SHACK INC.		$	3,766		5.1	%	$	1,528		2.9	%	$	8,526		4.4	%	$	(10,022	)	(7.2	)%


(1)	As a percentage of Shack sales.

Shack Sales

Shack sales represent the aggregate sales of food, beverages and Shake Shack branded merchandise at our domestic company-operated Shacks. Shack sales in any period are directly influenced by the number of operating weeks in such period, the number of open Shacks and same-Shack sales. Same-Shack sales means, for any reporting period, sales for the comparable Shack base, which we define as the number of domestic company-operated Shacks open for 24 months or longer.

Shack sales were $71.9 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $51.3 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $20.6 million or 40.2%. The growth in Shack sales was primarily driven by the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016, as well as same-Shack sales growth of $1.0 million, or 2.9%. The increase in same-Shack sales is primarily due to a combined increase of 3.6% in price and sales mix offset by decreased guest traffic of 0.7%. For purposes of calculating same-Shack sales growth, Shack sales for 26 Shacks were included in the comparable Shack base.

Shack sales were $188.4 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $133.9 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $54.5 million or 40.7%. The increase is primarily due to the opening of 17 new

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domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016, as well as same-Shack sales growth of $4.6 million, or 5.3%. The increase in same-Shack sales is primarily due to increased guest traffic of 2.1% as well as a combined increase of 3.2% in price and sales mix. For purposes of calculating same-Shack sales growth, Shack sales for 26 Shacks were included in the comparable Shack base.

Licensing Revenue

Licensing revenue is comprised of license fees, opening fees for certain licensed Shacks and territory fees. License fees are calculated as a percentage of sales and territory fees are payments for the exclusive right to develop Shacks in a specific geographic area.

Licensing revenue was $2.7 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $2.0 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $0.7 million or 34.9%. Licensing revenue was $6.8 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $5.6 million thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $1.2 million or 20.4%. The increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were primarily driven by 13 net new licensed Shacks opened between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016, offset by lower revenue from Shacks in the Middle East and U.K.

Food and Paper Costs

Food and paper costs include the direct costs associated with food, beverage and packaging of our menu items. The components of food and paper costs are variable by nature, changing with sales volume, and are impacted by menu mix and fluctuations in commodity costs.

Food and paper costs were $20.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $14.9 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $5.5 million or 36.6%. Food and paper costs were $53.5 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $39.7 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $13.8 million or 35.0%. The increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were primarily due to the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016.

As a percentage of Shack sales, food and paper costs decreased to 28.4% for both the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively, from 29.1% and 29.6% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. These decreases were the result of menu price increases implemented at the end of December 2015, lower commodity costs, primarily in beef and dairy, and to a lesser extent, efficiencies gained through supply chain enhancements, such as the restructuring of certain of our purchasing arrangements and better geographic diversification of our suppliers. These decreases were partially offset by higher distribution costs associated with entering new markets.

Labor and Related Expenses

Labor and related expenses include domestic company-operated Shack-level hourly and management wages, bonuses, payroll taxes, equity-based compensation, workers' compensation expense and medical benefits. As we expect with other variable expense items, we expect labor costs to grow as our Shack sales grow. Factors that influence labor costs include minimum wage and payroll tax legislation, health care costs and the performance of our domestic company-operated Shacks.

Labor and related expenses were $18.2 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $12.2 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $6.0 million or 49.6%. Labor and related expenses were $46.6 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $32.4 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $14.2 million or 43.8%. These increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were primarily due to the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016.

As a percentage of Shack sales, labor and related expenses increased to 25.3% and 24.8% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively, compared to 23.7% and 24.2% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. The increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were primarily due to increases in hourly labor expenses as a result of the company-wide increase to the starting wage of all hourly team members that we implemented in January 2016 as well as an increase in medical claims for the period.

Other Operating Expenses

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Other operating expenses were $6.6 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $4.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $2.2 million or 50.3%. Other operating expenses were $17.5 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $11.6 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $5.9 million or 50.9%. The increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were primarily due to the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016.

As a percentage of Shack sales, other operating expenses increased to 9.2% and 9.3% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively, compared to 8.5% and 8.6% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. The increase was primarily due to higher repair and maintenance costs as our base of mature Shacks has grown and the introduction of more Shacks into the system.

Occupancy and Related Expenses

Occupancy and related expenses consist of Shack-level occupancy expenses (including rent, common area expenses and certain local taxes), excluding pre-opening costs, which are recorded separately.

Occupancy and related expenses were $6.0 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $4.2 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $1.8 million or 42.9%. Occupancy and related expenses were $15.5 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $11.2 million or the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $4.3 million or 38.2%. The increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were primarily due to the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016.

As a percentage of Shack sales, occupancy and related expenses increased to 8.4% for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 from 8.2% for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to the introduction of more target-volume Shacks into the system. For the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, occupancy and related expenses as a percentage of Shack sales decreased to 8.2% compared to 8.4% in the prior year, primarily due to increased amounts of amortization of tenant improvement allowances.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist of costs associated with corporate and administrative functions that support Shack development and operations, as well as equity-based compensation expense.

General and administrative expenses were $7.9 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $5.7 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $2.2 million or 37.7%. The increase was primarily driven by higher payroll expense from increased headcount at our home office to support our growth plans as well as the costs associated with our Annual Leadership Retreat which occurred in the second quarter of last year but are included in the third quarter of this year. As a percentage of total revenue, general and administrative expenses decreased to 10.6% for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 from 10.8% for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015. This decrease was primarily due to the increased levels of Shack sales.

General and administrative expenses were $22.3 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $30.2 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, a decrease of $7.9 million or 26.2%. As a percentage of total revenue, general and administrative expenses decreased to 11.4% for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to 21.6% for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015. This decrease was primarily due to IPO-related expenses incurred in the prior year for which none were incurred in the current year, including $12.8 million of non-recurring compensation expenses incurred in connection with the vesting of equity awards upon consummation of our IPO and $0.6 million of other IPO-related expenses. These were partially offset by higher consulting fees related to maintaining our complex organizational structure, incremental costs associated with our first annual shareholders' meeting as well as the aforementioned increases from increased payroll.

Depreciation Expense

Depreciation expense consists of the depreciation of fixed assets, including leasehold improvements and equipment.

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Depreciation expense was $3.7 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $2.6 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $1.1 million or 41.1%. Depreciation expense was $10.2 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $7.3 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $2.9 million or 40.6%. The increases for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were due primarily to incremental depreciation of property and equipment related to the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks between September 30, 2015 and September 28, 2016.

As a percentage of total revenue, depreciation expense increased to 5.0% for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to 4.9% for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to the introduction of more Shacks into the system. For the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 and September 30, 2015, depreciation expense as a percentage of total revenue remained constant at 5.2%

Pre-Opening Costs

Pre-opening costs consist primarily of legal fees, rent, managers' salaries, training costs, employee payroll and related expenses, costs to relocate and compensate Shack management teams prior to an opening and wages, as well as travel and lodging costs for our opening training team. All such costs incurred prior to the opening of a domestic company-operated Shack are expensed in the period in which the expense was incurred. Pre-opening costs can fluctuate significantly from period to period, based on the number and timing of domestic company-operated Shack openings and the specific pre-opening costs incurred for each domestic company-operated Shack. Additionally, domestic company-operated Shack openings in new geographic market areas will initially experience higher pre-opening costs than our established geographic market areas, such as the New York City metropolitan area, where we have greater economies of scale and incur lower travel and lodging costs for our training team.

Pre-opening costs were $2.6 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016, compared to $1.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $1.2 million or 85.4%. Pre-opening costs were $6.7 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $4.1 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $2.6 million or 65.5%. The variances for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods were due to the timing and total number of new domestic company-operated Shacks expected to open as well as an increase in the number of Shacks opened in new geographic markets.

Loss on Disposal of Property and Equipment

Loss on disposal of property and equipment represents the net book value of assets that have been retired and consists primarily of furniture and fixtures that were replaced in the normal course of business.

For all periods presented, the loss on disposal of property and equipment was not material.

Other Income

Other income consists of interest income, dividend income and net realized gains and losses from the sale of marketable securities.

For all periods presented, other income was not material.

Interest Expense

Interest expense primarily consists of amortization of deferred financing costs, imputed interest on deferred compensation, interest on the current portion of our liabilities under the Tax Receivable Agreement, as well as interest and fees on our Revolving Credit Facility.

For all periods presented, interest expense was not material.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $2.4 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $1.5 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015. Our effective income tax rate increased to 26.5% for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 from 19.8% for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015.

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Income tax expense was $6.1 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $2.8 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015. Our effective income tax rate decreased to 26.6% for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 from 97.3% for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015.

As a result of the IPO and certain organizational transactions completed in connection with our IPO, we became the sole managing member of SSE Holdings, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, SSE Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by SSE Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including us, on a pro rata basis. We are subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income or loss generated by SSE Holdings. As the non-recurring compensation expenses and other IPO-related expenses recognized during the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 were incurred in the period prior to the organizational transactions completed in connection with the IPO, and prior to our becoming a member of SSE Holdings, we are not entitled to any tax benefits related to those losses. We recognized tax expense on our allocable share of the pre-tax income generated in the period subsequent to becoming a member of SSE Holdings, which resulted in a very high effective tax rate when compared to our consolidated pre-tax income.

Additionally, as our ownership interest in SSE Holdings increases, our share of the taxable income of SSE Holdings will also increase. When compared to consolidated pre-tax income, this will result in increases to our effective income tax rate. Our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings increased to 66.1% and 61.5% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively, compared to 37.5% and 34.9% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. This increase in ownership interest was the primary driver for the increase in our effective income tax rate for the thirteen week period.

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests

We are the sole managing member of SSE Holdings and have the sole voting power in, and control the management of, SSE Holdings. Accordingly, we consolidate the financial results of SSE Holdings and report a non-controlling interest on our Consolidated Statements of Income, representing the portion of net income attributable to the other members of SSE Holdings. The LLC Agreement of SSE Holdings provides that holders of LLC Interests may, from time to time, require SSE Holdings to redeem all or a portion of their LLC Interests for newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis. In connection with any redemption or exchange, we will receive a corresponding number of LLC Interests, increasing our total ownership interest in SSE Holdings. The weighted average ownership percentages for the applicable reporting periods are used to attribute net income and other comprehensive income to Shake Shack Inc. and the non-controlling interest holders.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests was $3.0 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $4.7 million for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015, a decrease of $1.7 million or 35.2%. This decrease was primarily driven by an increase in our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings from 37.5% for the thirteen weeks ended September 30, 2015 to 66.1% for the thirteen weeks ended September 28, 2016, as result of redemptions of LLC Interests.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests was $8.2 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 compared to $10.1 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, a decrease of $1.9 million or 19.2%. This decrease was primarily driven by an increase in our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings for the thirty-nine week period. In the prior year, our weighted-average ownership interest in SSE Holdings was 34.9% for the period subsequent to the IPO and the organizational transactions completed in connection with our IPO through September 30, 2015, compared to 61.5% for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, as result of redemptions of LLC Interests. Additionally, as the non-recurring compensation expenses and other IPO-related expenses were incurred in the period prior to the IPO, no portion of these expenses were attributed to the non-controlling interest holders. As a result, the net income attributable to non-controlling interests is significantly higher than the consolidated net income for the prior year period.

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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

To supplement the consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: Shack-level operating profit, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted pro forma net income and adjusted pro forma earnings per fully exchanged and diluted share (collectively the "non-GAAP financial measures"). We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures, when used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, provide useful information about operating results, enhance the overall understanding of past financial performance and future prospects, and allow for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in our financial and operational decision making. The presentation of this financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. The non-GAAP measures we use are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation.

Shack-Level Operating Profit

Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin are supplemental measures of operating performance and are not required by, nor presented in accordance with, GAAP. We believe that Shack-level operating profit and Shack-level operating profit margin, when used in conjunction with GAAP financial measures, are important measures we use to evaluate the performance and profitability of each Shack, individually and in the aggregate. A reconciliation of Shack-level operating profit to operating income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, is set forth below.



		Thirteen Weeks Ended						Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
(dollar amounts in thousands)		September 28 2016			September 30 2015			September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Shack-level operating profit		$	20,676		$	15,588		$	55,245		$	38,983
Add:
	Licensing revenue	2,696			1,998			6,774			5,626
Less:
	General and administrative expenses	7,885			5,728			22,265			30,165
	Depreciation expense	3,719			2,636			10,229			7,274
	Pre-opening costs	2,598			1,401			6,708			4,054
	Loss on disposal of property and equipment	—			17			—			17
Operating income		$	9,170		$	7,804		$	22,817		$	3,099

Total revenue		$	74,567		$	53,273		$	195,204		$	139,531
Less: licensing revenue		2,696			1,998			6,774			5,626
Shack sales		$	71,871		$	51,275		$	188,430		$	133,905

Shack-level operating profit margin		28.8		%	30.4		%	29.3		%	29.1		%

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EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP supplemental measures of operating performance that do not represent and should not be considered alternatives to net income or cash flow from operations, as determined by GAAP. We use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to measure the operating performance of our business, facilitate internal comparisons to historical performance and competitors' operating results. Adjusted EBITDA is also utilized as a performance metric in our bonus and equity incentive plans. A reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, is set forth below.



	Thirteen Weeks Ended				Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
(in thousands)	September 28 2016		September 30 2015⁽¹⁾		September 28 2016		September 30 2015⁽¹⁾
Net income	$	6,789	$	6,193	$	16,689	$	78
Depreciation expense	3,719		2,636		10,229		7,274
Interest expense, net	66		83		198		245
Income tax expense	2,443		1,528		6,058		2,776
EBITDA	13,017		10,440		33,174		10,373

Equity-based compensation⁽²⁾	1,577		1,172		3,817		3,142
Deferred rent⁽³⁾	560		369		1,807		1,338
Loss on disposal of property and equipment⁽⁴⁾	—		17		—		17
Non-recurring compensation expenses related to the IPO⁽⁵⁾	—		—		—		12,818
IPO-related expenses⁽⁶⁾	—		—		—		635
ADJUSTED EBITDA	$	15,154	$	11,998	$	38,798	$	28,323


(1)	Effective September 28, 2016, we no longer excludes pre-opening costs from our computation of Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015 has been restated to conform to the current period computation methodology.


(2)	Represents non-cash equity-based compensation expense and relate solely to stock options and performance stock units granted subsequent to our IPO.


(3)	Reflects the extent to which rent expense is greater than or less than cash rent payments.


(4)	Includes the loss on disposal of property and equipment in the ordinary course of business.


(5)	Non-recurring compensation expense incurred in connection with our IPO. Includes expense recognized upon settlement of outstanding unit appreciation rights, the related employer withholding taxes and the accelerated vesting of outstanding restricted Class B units.


(6)	Costs incurred in connection with our IPO, including legal, accounting and other related expenses.

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Adjusted Pro Forma Net Income and Adjusted Pro Forma Earnings per Fully Exchanged and Diluted Share

Adjusted pro forma net income represents net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc. assuming the full exchange of all outstanding SSE Holdings, LLC membership interests ("LLC Interests") for shares of Class A common stock, adjusted for certain non-recurring items that we don't believe directly reflect our core operations and may not be indicative of our recurring business operations. Adjusted pro forma earnings per fully exchanged and diluted share is calculated by dividing adjusted pro forma net income by the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding, assuming the full exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests, after giving effect to the dilutive effect of outstanding equity-based awards.

Adjusted pro forma net income and adjusted pro forma earnings per fully exchanged and diluted share are supplemental measures of operating performance that do not represent and should not be considered alternatives to net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share, as determined by GAAP. We believe adjusted pro forma net income and adjusted pro forma earnings per fully exchanged and diluted share supplement GAAP measures and enable us to more effectively evaluate our performance period-over-period and relative to our competitors. A reconciliation of adjusted pro forma net income to net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc., the most directly comparable GAAP measure, and the computation of adjusted pro forma earnings per fully exchanged and diluted share are set forth below.



			Thirteen Weeks Ended						Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
(in thousands, except per share amounts)			September 28 2016			September 30 2015			September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Numerator:
	Net income (loss) attributable to Shake Shack Inc.		$	3,766		$	1,528		$	8,526		$	(10,022	)
	Adjustments:
		Reallocation of net income attributable to non-controlling interests from the assumed exchange of LLC Interests⁽¹⁾	3,023			4,665			8,163			10,100
		Non-recurring compensation expenses incurred in connection with the IPO⁽²⁾	—			—			—			12,818
		IPO-related expenses⁽³⁾	—			—			—			635
		Income tax expense⁽⁴⁾	(1,318		)	(1,818		)	(3,171		)	(4,397		)
	Adjusted pro forma net income		$	5,471		$	4,375		$	13,518		$	9,134

Denominator:
	Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted		24,554			14,785			22,805			12,590
	Adjustments:
		Assumed exchange of LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock⁽¹⁾	12,314			22,493			13,988			23,660
		Dilutive effect of stock options	—			—			—			1,071
	Adjusted pro forma fully exchanged weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted		36,868			37,278			36,793			37,321

Adjusted pro forma earnings per fully exchanged share—diluted			$	0.15		$	0.12		$	0.37		$	0.24


(1)	Assumes the exchange of all outstanding LLC Interests for shares of Class A common stock, resulting in the elimination of non-controlling interests and recognition of net income attributable to non-controlling interests.


(2)	Non-recurring compensation expense incurred in connection with our IPO. Includes expense recognized upon settlement of outstanding unit appreciation rights, the related employer withholding taxes and the accelerated vesting of outstanding restricted Class B units.


(3)	Costs incurred in connection with our IPO, including legal, accounting and other related expenses.

(4)

Represents the tax effect of the aforementioned adjustments and pro forma adjustments to reflect corporate income taxes at assumed effective tax rates of 40.7% and 40.6% for the thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, respectively, and 43.3% and 44.0% for the and thirteen and thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, respectively. Amounts include provisions for U.S. federal and state income taxes, certain LLC entity-level taxes and foreign withholding taxes, assuming the highest statutory rates apportioned to each applicable state, local and foreign jurisdiction.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, short-term investments and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 28, 2016, we maintained a cash and cash equivalents balance of $12.2 million, a short-term investments balance of $61.3 million and had $19.9 million of availability under our Revolving Credit Facility.

Our primary requirements for liquidity are to fund our working capital needs, operating lease obligations, capital expenditures and general corporate needs. Our requirements for working capital are not significant because our guests pay for their food and beverage purchases in cash or on debit or credit cards at the time of the sale and we are able to sell many of our inventory items before payment is due to the supplier of such items. Our ongoing capital expenditures are principally related to opening new Shacks, existing Shack capital investments (both for remodels and maintenance), as well as investments in our corporate infrastructure.

In addition, we are obligated to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. As of September 28, 2016, such obligations totaled $263.9 million. Amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement are contingent upon, among other things, (i) generation of future taxable income over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement and (ii) future changes in tax laws. If we do not generate sufficient taxable income in the aggregate over the term of the Tax Receivable Agreement to utilize the tax benefits, then we would not be required to make the related TRA Payments. Although the amount of any payments that must be made under the Tax Receivable Agreement may be significant, the timing of these payments will vary and will generally be limited to one payment per member per year. The amount of such payments are also limited to the extent we utilize the related deferred tax assets. The payments that we are required to make will generally reduce the amount of overall cash flow that might have otherwise been available to us or to SSE Holdings, but we expect the cash tax savings we will realize from the utilization of the related deferred tax assets to fund the required payments.

We believe that cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand and availability under the Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to fund our operating lease obligations, capital expenditures and working capital needs for at least the next 12 months and the foreseeable future.

Summary of Cash Flows

The following table presents a summary of our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities.



	Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
(in thousands)	September 28 2016			September 30 2015
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	40,522		$	30,943
Net cash used in investing activities	(99,336		)	(25,327		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	192			61,528
Increase (decrease) in cash	(58,622		)	67,144
Cash at beginning of period	70,849			2,677
Cash at end of period	$	12,227		$	69,821

Operating Activities

For the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 net cash provided by operating activities was $40.5 million compared to $30.9 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $9.6 million. This increase was primarily driven by the opening of 17 new domestic company-operated Shacks.

Investing Activities

For the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016 net cash used in investing activities was $99.3 million compared to $25.3 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, an increase of $74.0 million. This increase was due to $60.1 million of purchases of marketable securities (net of sales) as well as the timing of capital expenditures to construct new domestic company-operated Shacks and, to a lesser extent, higher capital expenditures related to remodels and replacement equipment as our base of mature Shacks has grown.

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Financing Activities

For the thirty-nine weeks ended September 28, 2016, net cash provided by financing activities was $0.2 million compared to $61.5 million for the thirty-nine weeks ended September 30, 2015, a decrease of $61.3 million. This decrease is primarily due to $109.4 million of net proceeds received from the IPO in the prior year, as well as decreases in payments on the Revolving Credit Facility of $36.0 million and member distributions of $9.5 million. These decreases were offset by $2.1 million in proceeds from employee stock option exercises.

Revolving Credit Facility

We maintain a Revolving Credit Facility that provides for a revolving total commitment amount of $50.0 million, of which $20.0 million is available immediately. The Revolving Credit Facility will mature and all amounts outstanding will be due and payable in February 2020. The Revolving Credit Facility permits the issuance of letters of credit upon our request of up to $10.0 million. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at either: (i) LIBOR plus a percentage ranging from 2.3% to 3.3% or (ii) the prime rate plus a percentage ranging from 0.0% to 0.8%, depending on the type of borrowing made under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 28, 2016, there were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. We had $19.9 million of availability, as of September 28, 2016, after giving effect to $0.1 million in outstanding letters of credit.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains a number of covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to, subject to specified exceptions, incur additional debt; incur additional liens and contingent liabilities; sell or dispose of assets; merge with or acquire other companies; liquidate or dissolve ourselves; pay dividends or make distributions; engage in businesses that are not in a related line of business; make loans, advances or guarantees; engage in transactions with affiliates; and make investments. In addition, the Revolving Credit Facility contains certain cross-default provisions. We are required to maintain a specified consolidated fixed-charge coverage ratio and a specified funded net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio, both as defined under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 28, 2016, we were in compliance with all covenants.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

There have been no material changes to the contractual obligations as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015, other than those made in the ordinary course of business.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

There have been no material changes to our off-balance sheet arrangements as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations is based upon the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions, which we believe to be reasonable, based on the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Variances in the estimates or assumptions used to actual experience could yield materially different accounting results. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate the continued appropriateness of our accounting policies and resulting estimates to make adjustments we consider appropriate under the facts and circumstances. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See "Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” under Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

There have been no material changes to our exposure to market risks as described in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 28, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to Part I, Item 1, Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies—Legal Contingencies.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes with respect to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2015.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits.



Exhibit Number		Incorporated by Reference			Filed Herewith
Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Form	Exhibit	Filing Date	Filed Herewith
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Shake Shack Inc., effective February 4, 2015	8-K	3.1	2/10/2015
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Shack Shake Inc., dated February 4, 2015	8-K	3.2	2/10/2015
4.1	Form of Class A Common Stock Certificate	S-1/A	4.1	1/28/2015
10.1	Letter Agreement, dated November 1, 2016, between Josh Silverman and Shake Shack Inc.	8-K	10.1	11/2/2016
31.1	Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				*
31.2	Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				*
32	Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002				#
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document				*
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document				*
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document				*
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document				*
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document				*
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document				*


#	Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



	Shake Shack Inc.
	(Registrant)

Date: November 10, 2016	By:	/s/ Randy Garutti
		Randy Garutti
		Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Date: November 10, 2016	By:	/s/ Jeff Uttz
		Jeff Uttz
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

42 | Shake Shack Inc.

Form 10-Q

Shake Shack - 10-Q quarterly report FY2016 Q3

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DISCLAIMER

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information			1

Part I			2
	Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	2
	Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	39
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	39

Part II			40
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	40
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	40
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	40
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	40
	Item 5.	Other Information	40
	Item 6.	Exhibits	41

SIGNATURES			42



		Page
Note 1	Nature of Operations	9
Note 2	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9
Note 3	Fair Value Measurements	12
Note 4	Inventories	14
Note 5	Property and Equipment	14
Note 6	Supplemental Balance Sheet Information	15
Note 7	Debt	15
Note 8	Non-Controlling Interests	16
Note 9	Equity-Based Compensation	17
Note 10	Income Taxes	20
Note 11	Earnings Per Share	22
Note 12	Supplemental Cash Flow Information	23
Note 13	Commitments and Contingencies	24
Note 14	Related Party Transactions	25