Companies: 10,660     total market cap: $140.341 T
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W. P. Carey
WPC
#1424
Rank
$15.60 B
Marketcap
๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
Country
$71.21
Share price
-0.24%
Change (1 day)
30.71%
Change (1 year)
๐Ÿ  Real estate๐Ÿ’ฐ Investment ๐Ÿ˜๏ธ REITs
Categories
  1. W. P. Carey
  2. Annual Reports (10-K)
  3. Financial Year 2020

W. P. Carey - 10-K annual report 2020


Text size:
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 FORM 10-K

☑    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020
or 
☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from__________ to __________
Commission File Number: 001-13779
wpc-20201231_g1.jpg

W. P. Carey Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
Maryland45-4549771
(State of incorporation)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One Manhattan West, 395 9th Avenue, 58th Floor
New York,New York10001
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
Investor Relations (212) 492-8920
(212) 492-1100
(Registrant’s telephone numbers, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 Par ValueWPCNew York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☑
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☐
Smaller reporting company
☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $11.7 billion.
As of February 5, 2021, there were 175,404,497 shares of Common Stock of registrant outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant incorporates by reference its definitive Proxy Statement with respect to its 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days following the end of its fiscal year, into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


INDEX
 
  Page No.
PART I  
Item 1.
3
Item 1A.
7
Item 1B.
20
Item 2.
20
Item 3.
20
Item 4.
20
PART II 
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
21
Item 6.
22
Item 7.
23
Item 7A.
49
Item 8.
51
Item 9.
139
Item 9A.
139
Item 9B.
139
PART III 
Item 10.
140
Item 11.
140
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
140
Item 13.
140
Item 14.
140
PART IV 
Item 15.
141
Item 16.
146

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 1

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Report”) including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of Part II of this Report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words “believe,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “strategy,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding: our corporate strategy and estimated or future economic performance and results, including the general economic outlook and our expectations surrounding the continued impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, and prospects; underlying assumptions about our portfolio, including tenant rent collections and bankruptcies, as well as the estimated fair value of our investments and properties; the amount and timing of any future dividends; our future capital expenditure and leverage levels, debt service obligations, and any plans to fund our future liquidity needs; prospective statements regarding our access to the capital markets, including related to our credit ratings, ability to sell shares under our “at-the-market” program (“ATM Program”), and settlement of our forward equity offering; the outlook for the investment programs that we manage, including possible liquidity events for those programs; statements that we make regarding our ability to remain qualified for taxation as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”); and the impact of recently issued accounting pronouncements and other regulatory activity.

These statements are based on the current expectations of our management. It is important to note that our actual results could be materially different from those projected in such forward-looking statements. There are a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable risks or uncertainties, like the risks related to the effects of pandemics and global outbreaks of contagious diseases (such as the current COVID-19 pandemic) or the fear of such outbreaks, could also have material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, and prospects. You should exercise caution in relying on forward-looking statements as they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may materially affect our future results, performance, achievements, or transactions. Information on factors that could impact actual results and cause them to differ from what is anticipated in the forward-looking statements contained herein is included in this Report, as well as in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including but not limited to those described in Item 1A. Risk Factors and Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this Report. Moreover, because we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, new risks are likely to emerge from time to time. Given these risks and uncertainties, potential investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements as a prediction of future results, which speak only as of the date of this presentation, unless noted otherwise. Except as required by federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we do not undertake to revise or update any forward-looking statements.

All references to “Notes” throughout the document refer to the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements of the registrant in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 2

PART I

Item 1. Business.

General Development of Business

W. P. Carey Inc. (“W. P. Carey”), together with our consolidated subsidiaries and predecessors, is an internally-managed diversified REIT and a leading owner of commercial real estate, net-leased to companies located primarily in the United States and Northern and Western Europe on a long-term basis. The vast majority of our revenues originate from lease revenue provided by our real estate portfolio, which is comprised primarily of single-tenant industrial, warehouse, office, retail, and self-storage facilities that are critical to our tenants’ operations. Our portfolio is comprised of 1,243 properties, net-leased to 350 tenants in 25 countries. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 61% of our contractual minimum annualized base rent (“ABR”) was generated by properties located in the United States and approximately 37% was generated by properties located in Europe. As of that same date, our portfolio included 20 operating properties, comprised of 19 self-storage properties and one hotel.

We also earn fees and other income by managing the portfolios of certain non-traded investment programs through our investment management business. On April 13, 2020, two of our former investment programs, Carey Watermark Investors Incorporated (“CWI 1”) and Carey Watermark Investors 2 Incorporated (“CWI 2”) (together, the “CWI REITs”), merged in an all-stock transaction (the “CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger”). Following the close of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, our advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 were terminated, CWI 2 was renamed Watermark Lodging Trust, Inc. (“WLT”), and we began to provide certain services to WLT pursuant to a transition services agreement (Note 4). We no longer sponsor new investment programs.

Founded in 1973, we became a publicly traded company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) in 1998 and reorganized as a REIT in 2012. Our shares of common stock are listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “WPC.” Headquartered in New York, we also have offices in Dallas, London, and Amsterdam. For discussion of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, see Item 1A. Risk Factors, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Significant Developments, and Note 2.

Narrative Description of Business

Business Objectives and Strategy

Our primary business objective is to increase long-term stockholder value through accretive acquisitions and proactive asset management of our real estate portfolio, enabling us to grow our dividend. Our business operates in two segments: Real Estate and Investment Management, as described below and in Note 1.

Our investment strategy primarily focuses on owning and actively managing a diverse portfolio of commercial real estate that is net-leased to credit-worthy companies. We believe that many companies prefer to lease rather than own their corporate real estate because it allows them to deploy their capital more effectively into their core competencies. We generally structure financing for companies in the form of sale-leaseback transactions, where we acquire a company’s critical real estate and then lease it back to them on a long-term, triple-net basis, which requires them to pay substantially all of the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property (such as real estate taxes, insurance, and facility maintenance). Compared to other types of real estate investments, sale-leaseback transactions typically produce a more predictable income stream and require minimal capital expenditures, which in turn generate revenues that provide our stockholders with a stable, growing source of income.

We actively manage our real estate portfolio to monitor tenant credit quality and lease renewal risks. We believe that diversification across property type, tenant, tenant industry, and geographic location, as well as diversification of our lease expirations and scheduled rent increases, are vital aspects of portfolio risk management and accordingly have constructed a portfolio of real estate that we believe is well-diversified across each of these categories.

In addition to our real estate portfolio, as of December 31, 2020, we also managed assets, totaling approximately $2.8 billion, of the following entities: (i) Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated (“CPA:18 – Global”) and (ii) Carey European Student Housing Fund I, L.P. (“CESH”). On October 31, 2018, one of our former investment programs, Corporate Property Associates 17 – Global Incorporated (“CPA:17 – Global”), merged into one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “CPA:17 Merger”) (Note 3). As used herein, “Managed REITs” refers to CPA:17 – Global (through October 31, 2018),
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 3

CPA:18 – Global, and the CWI REITs (through April 13, 2020). We refer to the Managed REITs and CESH as the “Managed Programs.” We continue to act as the advisor to the remaining Managed Programs and currently expect to do so through the end of their respective life cycles (Note 4).

We intend to operate our business in a manner that is consistent with the maintenance of our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. In addition, we expect to manage our investments in order to maintain our exemption from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Investment Strategies

When considering potential net-lease investments for our real estate portfolio, we review various aspects of a transaction to determine whether the investment and lease structure will satisfy our investment criteria. We generally analyze the following main aspects of each transaction:

Tenant/Borrower Evaluation — We evaluate each potential tenant or borrower for creditworthiness, typically considering factors such as management experience, industry position and fundamentals, operating history, and capital structure. We also rate each asset based on its market, liquidity, and criticality to the tenant’s operations, as well as other factors that may be unique to a particular investment. We seek opportunities where we believe the tenant may have a stable or improving credit profile or credit potential that has not been fully recognized by the market. We define creditworthiness as a risk-reward relationship appropriate to our investment strategies, which may or may not coincide with ratings issued by the credit rating agencies. We have a robust internal credit rating system and may designate subsidiaries of non-guarantor parent companies with investment grade ratings as “implied investment grade.”

Properties Critical to Tenant/Borrower Operations — We generally focus on properties and facilities that we believe are critical to the ongoing operations of the tenant. We believe that these properties generally provide better protection, particularly in the event of a bankruptcy, since a tenant/borrower is less likely to risk the loss of a critically important lease or property in a bankruptcy proceeding or otherwise.

Diversification — We attempt to diversify our portfolio to avoid undue dependence on any one particular tenant, borrower, collateral type, geographic location, or industry. By diversifying our portfolio, we seek to reduce the adverse effect of a single underperforming investment or a downturn in any particular industry or geographic region. While we do not set any fixed diversity metrics in our portfolio, we believe that it is well-diversified.

Lease Terms — Generally, the net-leased properties we invest in are leased on a full-recourse basis to the tenants or their affiliates. In addition, the vast majority of our leases provide for scheduled rent increases over the term of the lease (see Our Portfolio below). These rent increases are either fixed (i.e., mandated on specific dates) or tied to increases in inflation indices (e.g., the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) or similar indices in the jurisdiction where the property is located), but may contain caps or other limitations, either on an annual or overall basis. In the case of retail stores and hotels, the lease may provide for participation in the gross revenues of the tenant above a stated level, which we refer to as percentage rent.

Real Estate Evaluation — We review and evaluate the physical condition of the property and the market in which it is located. We consider a variety of factors, including current market rents, replacement cost, residual valuation, property operating history, demographic characteristics of the location and accessibility, competitive properties, and suitability for re-leasing. We obtain third-party environmental and engineering reports and market studies when required. When considering an investment outside the United States, we will also consider factors particular to a country or region, including geopolitical risk, in addition to the risks normally associated with real property investments. See Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Transaction Provisions to Enhance and Protect Value — When negotiating leases with potential tenants, we attempt to include provisions that we believe help to protect the investment from material changes in the tenant’s operating and financial characteristics, which may affect the tenant’s ability to satisfy its obligations to us or reduce the value of the investment. Such provisions include covenants requiring our consent for certain activities, requiring indemnification protections and/or security deposits, and requiring the tenant to satisfy specific operating tests. We may also seek to enhance the likelihood that a tenant will satisfy their lease obligations through a letter of credit or guaranty from the tenant’s parent or other entity. Such credit enhancements, if obtained, provide us with additional financial security. However, in markets where competition for net-lease transactions is strong, some or all of these lease provisions may be difficult to obtain.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 4

Competition — We face active competition from many sources, both domestically and internationally, for net-lease investment opportunities in commercial properties. In general, we believe that our management’s experience in real estate, credit underwriting, and transaction structuring will allow us to compete effectively for commercial properties. However, competitors may be willing to accept rates of return, lease terms, other transaction terms, or levels of risk that we find unacceptable.
 
Asset Management

We believe that proactive asset management is essential to maintaining and enhancing property values. Important aspects of asset management include entering into new or modified transactions to meet the evolving needs of current tenants, re-leasing properties, credit and real estate risk analysis, building expansions and redevelopments, sustainability and efficiency analysis and retrofits, and strategic dispositions. We regularly engage directly with our tenants and form long-term working relationships with their decision makers in order to provide proactive solutions and to obtain an in-depth, real-time understanding of tenant credit.

We monitor compliance by tenants with their lease obligations and other factors that could affect the financial performance of our real estate investments on an ongoing basis, which typically involves ensuring that each tenant has paid real estate taxes and other expenses relating to the properties it occupies and is maintaining appropriate insurance coverage. To ensure such compliance at our properties, we often engage the expertise of third parties to complete property inspections. We also review tenant financial statements and undertake regular physical inspections of the properties to verify their condition and maintenance. Additionally, we periodically analyze each tenant’s financial condition, the industry in which each tenant operates, and each tenant’s relative strength in its industry. The in-depth understanding of our tenants’ businesses and direct relationships with their management teams provides strong visibility into potential issues. Our business intelligence platform provides real-time surveillance and early warning, allowing asset managers to work with tenants to enforce lease provisions, and where appropriate, consider lease modifications. Our proactive asset management philosophy has proven particularly applicable during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Financing Strategies

We believe in maintaining ample liquidity, a conservative capital structure, and access to multiple forms of capital. We preserve balance sheet flexibility and liquidity by maintaining significant capacity on our $1.8 billion unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility”), as well as any amounts available to us under our term loan (“Term Loan”) and delayed draw term loan (“Delayed Draw Term Loan”), which, together with our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, we refer to collectively as our “Senior Unsecured Credit Facility.” We generally use the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility to fund our immediate capital needs, including new acquisitions and the repayment of secured mortgage debt as we continue to unencumber assets. We seek to replace short-term financing with more permanent forms of capital, including, but not limited to, common stock, unsecured debt securities, bank debt, and proceeds from asset sales. When evaluating which form of capital to pursue, we take into consideration multiple factors, including our corporate leverage levels and targets, and the most attractive source of capital available to us. We may choose to issue unsecured debt securities and bank debt denominated in foreign currencies in part to fund international acquisitions, unencumber assets, and mitigate our exposure to fluctuations in exchange rates. We strive to maintain an investment grade rating, which places limitations on the amount of leverage acceptable in our capital structure. Although we expect to continue to have access to a wide variety of capital sources and maintain our investment grade rating, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so in the future.

Our Portfolio

At December 31, 2020, our portfolio had the following characteristics:

•Number of properties — full or partial ownership interests in 1,243 net-leased properties, 19 self-storage properties, and one hotel;
•Total net-leased square footage — approximately 144 million; and
•Occupancy rate — approximately 98.5%.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 5

Tenant/Lease Information

At December 31, 2020, our tenants/leases had the following characteristics:

•Number of tenants — 350;
•Investment grade tenants as a percentage of total ABR — 22%;
•Implied investment grade tenants as a percentage of total ABR — 7%;
•Weighted-average lease term — 10.6 years;
•99% of our leases provide rent adjustments as follows:
◦CPI and similar — 62%
◦Fixed — 33%
◦Other — 4%

Human Capital

Investing in Our Employees

At December 31, 2020, we had 188 employees, 134 of which were located in the United States and 54 of which were located in Europe. We strive to make W. P. Carey a great place to work by attracting a diverse pool of the best and brightest applicants and making them feel supported and included as they progress and grow with the company. We offer various levels of training, including management training, executive training, skills training, and “Respect in the Workplace” training, in addition to our “Conversations at Carey” educational program. By engaging with our employees and investing in their careers through training and development, we are building a talented workforce capable of executing our business strategies.

Diversity

We believe that our success is dependent upon the diverse backgrounds and perspectives of our employees and directors. Diversity and inclusion is an organic part of who we are and is supported at all levels of the organization. W. P. Carey is an equal opportunity employer and considers qualified applicants regardless of race, color, religion, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity or expression, national origin, age, disability, military or veteran status, genetic information, or other statuses protected by applicable federal, state, and local law. In 2020, we launched our diversity and inclusion initiative, which is designed to facilitate conversations around race, sexual orientation and gender identity, national origin, creeds, and other important topics. These conversations, led by our Diversity & Inclusion Advisory Committee, provide a forum for us to translate our positions as a company into action in both our internal and external communities. We also signed the CEO Action Pledge for Diversity & Inclusion, furthering our commitment to fostering a more diverse and inclusive workforce.

Employee Wellness and Benefits

The health and wellness of our employees and their families are paramount and our comprehensive benefits package is designed to address the changing needs of employees and their dependents. In addition to robust health and wellness benefits, we also provide our employees with competitive compensation programs, with a focus on current compensation and retirement planning for their future.

In response to early reports of the suspected transmission of COVID-19 in both the United States and Europe in late February and early March 2020, we initiated steps to prioritize the health and safety of our employees. By mid-March 2020, we had fully transitioned all employees to working remotely and successfully executed our business continuity plan with no disruption to our core financial, operational, and telecommunications systems. To enhance transparency and maintain a sense of community, we communicated frequently through town halls, virtual seminars, and emails. We also reinforced the availability of our corporate benefits, including telemedicine and confidential counseling, and provided additional resources for managing stress, anxiety, and isolation.

Additional information regarding our human capital programs and initiatives is available in our annual ESG Report and Proxy Statement, which can be found on our company website. Information on our website, including our ESG Report, is not incorporated by reference into this Report.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 6

Available Information
 
We will supply to any stockholder, upon written request and without charge, a copy of this Report as filed with the SEC. Our filings can also be obtained for free on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. All filings we make with the SEC, including this Report, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and our current reports on Form 8-K, as well as any amendments to those reports, are available for free on the Investor Relations portion of our website (http://www.wpcarey.com), as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC.

Our quarterly earnings conference call and investor presentations are accessible by the public. We generally announce via press release the dates and conference call details for upcoming scheduled quarterly earnings announcements and webcast investor presentations, which are also available in the Investor Relations section of our website approximately ten days prior to the event.

Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to all employees, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, is also available on our website. We intend to make available on our website any future amendments or waivers to our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics within four business days after any such amendments or waivers. We are providing our website address solely for the information of investors and do not intend for it to be an active link. We do not intend to incorporate the information contained on our website into this Report or other documents filed with or furnished to the SEC.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.
 
Our business, results of operations, financial condition, and ability to pay dividends could be materially adversely affected by various risks and uncertainties, including those enumerated below, which could cause such results to differ materially from those in any forward-looking statements. You should not consider this list exhaustive. New risk factors emerge periodically and we cannot assure you that the factors described below list all risks that may become material to us at any later time.

Risks Related to Our Portfolio and Ownership of Real Estate

We face active competition for investments.

We face active competition for our investments from many sources, including credit companies, pension funds, private individuals, financial institutions, finance companies, and investment companies. These institutions may accept greater risk or lower returns, allowing them to offer more attractive terms to prospective tenants. We believe that the investment community remains risk averse and that the net lease financing market is perceived as a relatively conservative investment vehicle. Accordingly, we expect increased competition for investments, both domestically and internationally. Further capital inflows into our marketplace will place additional pressure on the returns that we can generate from our investments, as well as our willingness and ability to execute transactions. In addition, the vast majority of our current investments are in single-tenant commercial properties that are subject to triple-net leases. Many factors, including changes in tax laws or accounting rules, may make these types of sale-leaseback transactions less attractive to potential sellers and lessees, which could negatively affect our ability to increase the amount of assets of this type under management.

We are not required to meet any diversification standards; therefore, our investments may become subject to concentration risks.

Subject to our intention to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are not required to meet any diversification standards. Therefore, our investments may become concentrated in type or geographic location, which could subject us to significant risks with potentially adverse effects on our investment objectives.

We may incur substantial impairment charges.
 
We may incur substantial impairment charges, which could adversely affect our results of operations or limit our ability to dispose of assets at attractive prices and may reduce the availability of buyer financing. By their nature, the timing or extent of impairment charges are not predictable.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 7

Because we invest in properties located outside the United States, we are exposed to additional risks.
 
We have invested, and may continue to invest, in properties located outside the United States. At December 31, 2020, our real estate properties located outside of the United States represented 39% of our ABR. These investments may be affected by factors particular to the local jurisdiction where the property is located and may expose us to additional risks, including:
 
•enactment of laws relating to the foreign ownership of property (including expropriation of investments), or laws and regulations relating to our ability to repatriate invested capital, profits, or cash and cash equivalents back to the United States;
•legal systems where the ability to enforce contractual rights and remedies may be more limited than under U.S. law;
•difficulty in complying with conflicting obligations in various jurisdictions and the burden of observing a variety of evolving foreign laws, regulations, and governmental rules and policies, which may be more stringent than U.S. laws and regulations (including land use, zoning, environmental, financial, and privacy laws and regulations, such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation);
•tax requirements vary by country and existing foreign tax laws and interpretations may change (e.g., the on-going implementation of the European Union’s Anti-Tax Avoidance Directives), which may result in additional taxes on our international investments;
•changes in operating expenses in particular countries or regions;
•economic conditions and regulatory changes following the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union (“Brexit”), which may result in a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations; and
•geopolitical risk and adverse market conditions caused by changes in national or regional economic or political conditions (which may impact relative interest rates and the terms or availability of mortgage funds), including with regard to Brexit.

The failure of our compliance and internal control systems to properly mitigate such additional risks, or of our operating infrastructure to support such international investments, could result in operational failures, regulatory fines, or other governmental sanctions. We may engage third-party asset managers in international jurisdictions to monitor compliance with legal requirements and lending agreements. Failure to comply with applicable requirements may expose us, our operating subsidiaries, or the entities we manage to additional liabilities. Our operations in the United Kingdom, the European Economic Area, and other countries are subject to significant compliance, disclosure, and other obligations.
In addition, the lack of publicly available information in certain jurisdictions could impair our ability to analyze transactions and may cause us to forego an investment opportunity. It may also impair our ability to receive timely and accurate financial information from tenants necessary to meet reporting obligations to financial institutions or governmental and regulatory agencies. Certain of these risks may be greater in less developed countries. Further, our expertise to date is primarily in the United States and certain countries in Europe. We have less experience in other international markets and may not be as familiar with the potential risks to investments in these areas, which could cause us and the entities we manage to incur losses.

We are also subject to potential fluctuations in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar because we translate revenue denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for our financial statements (our principal exposure is to the euro). Our results of foreign operations are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies (i.e., absent other considerations, a stronger U.S. dollar will reduce both our revenues and our expenses).

A significant amount of our leases will expire within the next five years and we may have difficulty re-leasing or selling our properties if tenants do not renew their leases.
 
Within the next five years, approximately 24% of our leases, based on our ABR as of December 31, 2020, are due to expire. If these leases are not renewed or if the properties cannot be re-leased on terms that yield comparable payments, our lease revenues could be substantially adversely affected. In addition, when attempting to re-lease such properties, we may incur significant costs and the terms of any new or renewed leases will depend on prevailing market conditions at that time. We may also seek to sell such properties and incur losses due to prevailing market conditions. Some of our properties are designed for the particular needs of a tenant; thus, we may be required to renovate or make rent concessions in order to lease the property to another tenant. If we need to sell such properties, we may have difficulty selling it to a third party due to the property’s unique design. Real estate investments are generally less liquid than many other financial assets, which may limit our ability to quickly adjust our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. These and other limitations may adversely affect returns to our stockholders.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 8

Certain of our leases permit tenants to purchase a property at a predetermined price, which could limit our realization of any appreciation or result in a loss.
 
Under our existing leases, certain tenants have a right to repurchase the properties they lease from us. The purchase price may be a fixed price or it may be based on a formula or the market value at the time of exercise. If a tenant exercises its right to purchase the property and the property’s market value has increased beyond that price, we would not be able to fully realize the appreciation on that property. Additionally, if the price at which the tenant can purchase the property is less than our carrying value (e.g., where the purchase price is based on an appraised value), we may incur a loss. In addition, we may also be unable to reinvest proceeds from these dispositions in investments with similar or better investment returns.
 
Our ability to fully control the management of our net-leased properties may be limited.
 
The tenants or managers of net-leased properties are responsible for maintenance and other day-to-day management of the properties. If a property is not adequately maintained in accordance with the terms of the applicable lease, we may incur expenses for deferred maintenance expenditures or other liabilities once the property becomes free of the lease. While our leases generally provide for recourse against the tenant in these instances, a bankrupt or financially troubled tenant may be more likely to defer maintenance and it may be more difficult to enforce remedies against such a tenant. Although we endeavor to monitor compliance by tenants with their lease obligations and other factors that could affect the financial performance of our properties on an ongoing basis, we may not always be able to ascertain or forestall deterioration in the condition of a property or the financial circumstances of a tenant.

In addition, our lack of control over our net-leased properties makes it difficult for us to collect property-level environmental metrics and to enforce sustainability initiatives, which may impact our ability to report to and comply with certain real estate sustainability standards. If we are unable to successfully engage with established real estate sustainability standards, our relationship with our investor base, our stock price, and even our access to capital may be negatively impacted.
 
The value of our real estate is subject to fluctuation.
 
We are subject to all of the general risks associated with the ownership of real estate, which include:

•adverse changes in general or local economic conditions, including changes in interest rates or foreign exchange rates;
•changes in the supply of, or demand for, similar or competing properties;
•competition for tenants and changes in market rental rates;
•inability to lease or sell properties upon termination of existing leases, or renewal of leases at lower rental rates;
•inability to collect rents from tenants due to financial hardship, including bankruptcy;
•changes in tax, real estate, zoning, or environmental laws that adversely impact the value of real estate;
•failure to comply with federal, state, and local legal and regulatory requirements, including the Americans with Disabilities Act and fire or life-safety requirements;
•uninsured property liability, property damage, or casualty losses;
•changes in operating expenses or unexpected expenditures for capital improvements;
•exposure to environmental losses; and
•force majeure and other factors beyond the control of our management.

While the revenues from our leases are not directly dependent upon the value of the real estate owned, significant declines in real estate values could adversely affect us in many ways, including a decline in the residual values of properties at lease expiration, possible lease abandonment by tenants, and a decline in the attractiveness of triple-net lease transactions to potential sellers. We also face the risk that lease revenue will be insufficient to cover all corporate operating expenses and the debt service payments we incur.

Because most of our properties are occupied by a single tenant, our success is materially dependent upon the tenant’s financial stability.

Most of our properties are occupied by a single tenant; therefore, the success of our investments is materially dependent on the financial stability of these tenants. Revenues from several of our tenants/guarantors constitute a significant percentage of our lease revenues. Our top ten tenants accounted for approximately 22% of total ABR at December 31, 2020. Lease payment defaults by tenants could negatively impact our net income and reduce the amounts available for distribution to stockholders.
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 9

The bankruptcy or insolvency of tenants may cause a reduction in our revenue and an increase in our expenses.
 
We have had, and may in the future have, tenants file for bankruptcy protection. Bankruptcy or insolvency of a tenant could lead to the loss of lease or interest and principal payments, an increase in the carrying cost of the property, and litigation. If one or a series of bankruptcies or insolvencies is significant enough (more likely during a period of economic downturn), it could lead to a reduction in the value of our shares and/or a decrease in our dividend. Under U.S. bankruptcy law, a tenant that is the subject of bankruptcy proceedings has the option of assuming or rejecting any unexpired lease. If the tenant rejects the lease, any resulting claim we have for breach of the lease (excluding collateral securing the claim) will be treated as a general unsecured claim and the maximum claim will be capped. In addition, due to the long-term nature of our leases and, in some cases, terms providing for the repurchase of a property by the tenant, a bankruptcy court could recharacterize a net lease transaction as a secured lending transaction. Insolvency laws outside the United States may be more or less favorable to reorganization or the protection of a debtor’s rights as in the United States. In circumstances where the bankruptcy laws of the United States are considered to be more favorable to debtors and/or their reorganization, entities that are not ordinarily perceived as U.S. entities may seek to take advantage of U.S. bankruptcy laws.

The reduced economic activity and other impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic may severely affect our tenants’ businesses, financial condition and liquidity, leading to an increase in tenant bankruptcy or insolvency. In addition, a significant portion of our tenants may fail to meet their obligations to us in full (or at all), or may otherwise seek modifications of such obligations. In order to dampen the economic effects of the pandemic, certain jurisdictions may also enact laws or regulations that impact or alter our ability to collect rent under our existing least terms. The ultimate extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the operations of our tenants will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. 

Because we are subject to possible liabilities relating to environmental matters, we could incur unexpected costs and our ability to sell or otherwise dispose of a property may be negatively impacted.
 
We have invested, and may in the future invest, in real properties historically or currently used for industrial, manufacturing, and other commercial purposes, and some of our tenants may handle hazardous or toxic substances, generate hazardous wastes, or discharge regulated pollutants to the environment. Buildings and structures on the properties we purchase may have known or suspected asbestos-containing building materials. We may invest in properties located in countries that have adopted laws or observe environmental management standards that are less stringent than those generally followed in the United States, which may pose a greater risk that releases of hazardous or toxic substances have occurred. We therefore may own properties that have known or potential environmental contamination as a result of historical or ongoing operations, which may expose us to liabilities under environmental laws. Some of these laws could impose the following on us:
 
•responsibility and liability for the cost of investigation and removal or remediation (including at appropriate disposal facilities) of hazardous or toxic substances in, on, or migrating from our property, generally without regard to our knowledge of, or responsibility for, the presence of these contaminants;
•liability for claims by third parties based on damages to natural resources or property, personal injuries, or costs of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances in, on, or migrating from our property; and
•responsibility for managing asbestos-containing building materials and third-party claims for exposure to those materials.
 
Costs relating to investigation, remediation, or removal of hazardous or toxic substances, or for third-party claims for damages, may be substantial and could exceed any amounts estimated and recorded within our consolidated financial statements. The presence of hazardous or toxic substances at any of our properties, or the failure to properly remediate a contaminated property, could (i) give rise to a lien in favor of the government for costs it may incur to address the contamination or (ii) otherwise adversely affect our ability to sell or lease the property or to borrow using the property as collateral. In addition, environmental liabilities, or costs or operating limitations imposed on a tenant by environmental laws, could affect its ability to make rental payments to us. And although we endeavor to avoid doing so, we may be required, in connection with any future divestitures of property, to provide buyers with indemnifications against potential environmental liabilities.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 10

Risks Related to Our Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our level of indebtedness could have significant adverse consequences and our cash flow may be insufficient to meet our debt service obligations.

Our consolidated indebtedness as of December 31, 2020 was approximately $6.7 billion, representing a consolidated debt to gross assets ratio of approximately 42.0%. This consolidated indebtedness was comprised of (i) $5.1 billion in Senior Unsecured Notes (as defined in Note 11), (ii) $1.1 billion in non-recourse mortgage loans on various properties, and (iii) $404.3 million outstanding under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility (as defined in Note 11). Our level of indebtedness could have significant adverse consequences on our business and operations, including the following:

•it may increase our vulnerability to changes in economic conditions (including increases in interest rates) and limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and/or industry;
•we may be at a disadvantage compared to our competitors with comparatively less indebtedness;
•we may be unable to hedge our debt, or such hedges may fail or expire, leaving us exposed to potentially volatile interest or currency exchange rates;
•any default on our secured indebtedness may lead to foreclosures, creating taxable income that could hinder our ability to meet the REIT distribution requirements imposed by the Internal Revenue Code; and
•we may be unable to refinance our indebtedness or obtain additional financing as needed or on favorable terms.

Our ability to generate sufficient cash flow determines whether we will be able to (i) meet our existing or potential future debt service obligations; (ii) refinance our existing or potential future indebtedness; and (iii) fund our operations, working capital, acquisitions, capital expenditures, and other important business uses. Our future cash flow is subject to many factors beyond our control and we cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, or that future sources of cash will be available to us on favorable terms, to meet all of our debt service obligations and fund our other important business uses or liquidity needs. As a result, we may be forced to take other actions to meet those obligations, such as selling properties, raising equity, or delaying capital expenditures, any of which may not be feasible or could have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, despite our substantial outstanding indebtedness and the restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness, we may incur significantly more indebtedness in the future, which would exacerbate the risks discussed above.

Finally, since certain instruments within our debt profile are indexed to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), its anticipated replacement with an alternative reference rate could adversely affect our interest expense. Post-transition, the interest rates on our LIBOR-indexed debt (comprised of our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility and non-recourse mortgage loans subject to floating interest rates with carrying values of $404.3 million and $78.1 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2020) will fall back to various alternative methods, any of which could result in higher interest obligations than under LIBOR. In addition, there is no guarantee that the transition will not result in financial market disruptions, significant increases in benchmark rates or borrowing costs to borrowers, any of which could have an adverse effect on our financing costs, liquidity, results of operations, and overall financial condition.

Restrictive covenants in our credit agreement and indentures may limit our ability to expand or fully pursue our business strategies.

The credit agreement for our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility and the indentures governing our Senior Unsecured Notes contain financial and operating covenants that, among other things, require us to meet specified financial ratios and may limit our ability to take specific actions, even if we believe them to be in our best interest (e.g., subject to certain exceptions, our ability to consummate a merger, consolidation, or a transfer of all or substantially all of our consolidated assets to another person is restricted). These covenants may restrict our ability to expand or fully pursue our business strategies. Our ability to comply with these and other provisions of our debt agreements may be affected by changes in our operating and financial performance, changes in general business and economic conditions, adverse regulatory developments, or other events beyond our control. The breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under our indebtedness, which could result in the acceleration of the maturity of such indebtedness and potentially other indebtedness. If any of our indebtedness is accelerated prior to maturity, we may not be able to repay such indebtedness or refinance such indebtedness on favorable terms, or at all.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 11

A downgrade in our credit ratings could materially adversely affect our business and financial condition as well as the market price of our Senior Unsecured Notes.

We plan to manage our operations to maintain investment grade status with a capital structure consistent with our current profile, but there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our current credit ratings. Our credit ratings could change based upon, among other things, our historical and projected business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, and prospects. These ratings are subject to ongoing evaluation by credit rating agencies and we cannot provide any assurance that our ratings will not be changed or withdrawn by a rating agency in the future. If any of the credit rating agencies downgrades or lowers our credit rating, or if any credit rating agency indicates that it has placed our rating on a “watch list” for a possible downgrading or lowering, or otherwise indicates that its outlook for our rating is negative, it could have a material adverse effect on our costs and availability of capital, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on us and on our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations (including those under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility, our Senior Unsecured Notes, or other similar debt securities that we issue) and to pay dividends on our common stock. Furthermore, any such action could negatively impact the market price of our Senior Unsecured Notes.

Some of our properties are encumbered by mortgage debt, which could adversely affect our cash flow.
 
At December 31, 2020, we had $1.1 billion of property-level mortgage debt on a non-recourse basis, which limits our exposure on any property to the amount of equity invested in the property. If we are unable to make our mortgage-related debt payments as required, a lender could foreclose on the property or properties securing its debt. Additionally, lenders for our international mortgage loan transactions typically incorporated various covenants and other provisions (including loan to value ratio, debt service coverage ratio, and material adverse changes in the borrower’s or tenant’s business) that can cause a technical loan default. Accordingly, if the real estate value declines or the tenant defaults, the lender would have the right to foreclose on its security. If any of these events were to occur, it could cause us to lose part or all of our investment, which could reduce the value of our portfolio and revenues available for distribution to our stockholders.
 
Some of our property-level financing may also require us to make a balloon payment at maturity. Our ability to make such balloon payments may depend upon our ability to refinance the obligation or sell the underlying property. When a balloon payment is due, however, we may be unable to refinance the balloon payment on terms as favorable as the original loan, make the payment with existing cash or cash resources, or sell the property at a price sufficient to cover the payment. Our ability to accomplish these goals will be affected by various factors existing at the relevant time, such as the state of national and regional economies, local real estate conditions, available mortgage or interest rates, availability of credit, our equity in the mortgaged properties, our financial condition, the operating history of the mortgaged properties, and tax laws. A refinancing or sale could affect the rate of return to stockholders and the projected disposition timeline of our assets.

We are subject to the volatility of the capital markets, which may impact our ability to deploy capital.

The trading volume and market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly and be adversely impacted in response to a number of factors, therefore, our current or historical trading volume and share prices are not indicative of the number of shares of our common stock that will trade going forward or how the market will value shares of our common stock in the future. In addition, the capital markets may experience extreme volatility and disruption (e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic), which could make it more difficult to raise capital. Since net-lease REITs must be able to deploy capital with agility and consistency, if we cannot access the capital markets upon favorable terms or at all, we may be required to liquidate one or more investments, including when an investment has not yet realized its maximum return, which could also result in adverse tax consequences and affect our ability to capitalize on acquisition opportunities and/or meet operational needs. Moreover, market turmoil could lead to decreased consumer confidence and widespread reduction of business activity, which may materially and adversely impact us, including our ability to acquire and dispose of properties.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 12

Future issuances of debt and equity securities may negatively affect the market price of our common stock.

We may issue debt or equity securities or incur additional borrowings in the future. Future issuances of debt securities would increase our interest costs and rank senior to our common stock upon our liquidation, and additional issuances of equity securities would dilute the holdings of our existing common stockholders (and any preferred stock may rank senior to our common stock for the purposes of making distributions), both of which may negatively affect the market price of our common stock. However, our future growth will depend, in part, upon our ability to raise additional capital, including through the issuance of debt and equity securities. Because our decision to issue additional debt or equity securities or incur additional borrowings in the future will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing, nature, or success of our future capital raising efforts. Thus, common stockholders bear the risk that our future issuances of debt or equity securities, or our incurrence of additional borrowings, will negatively affect the market price of our common stock.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain cash dividends.

Our ability to continue to pay dividends in the future may be adversely affected by the risk factors described in this Report. More specifically, while we expect to continue our current dividend practices, we can give no assurance that we will be able to maintain dividend levels in the future for various reasons, including the following:

•there is no assurance that rents from our properties will increase or that future acquisitions will increase our cash available for distribution to stockholders, and we may not have enough cash to pay such dividends due to changes in our cash requirements, capital plans, cash flow, or financial position;
•our board of directors (our “Board”), in its sole discretion, determines the amount and timing of any future dividend payments to our stockholders based on a number of factors, therefore our dividend levels are not guaranteed and may fluctuate; and
•the amount of dividends that our subsidiaries may distribute to us may be subject to restrictions imposed by state law or regulators, as well as the terms of any current or future indebtedness that these subsidiaries may incur.

Furthermore, certain agreements relating to our borrowings may, under certain circumstances, prohibit or otherwise restrict our ability to pay dividends to our common stockholders. Future dividends, if any, are expected to be based upon our earnings, financial condition, cash flows and liquidity, debt service requirements, capital expenditure requirements for our properties, financing covenants, and applicable law. If we do not have sufficient cash available to pay dividends, we may need to fund the shortage out of working capital or revenues from future acquisitions, if any, or borrow to provide funds for such dividends, which would reduce the amount of funds available for investment and increase our future interest costs. Our inability to pay dividends, or to pay dividends at expected levels, could adversely impact the market price of our common stock.

Risks Related to our Corporate Structure and Maryland Law
 
Our charter and Maryland law contain provisions that may delay or prevent a change of control transaction.
 
Our charter, subject to certain exceptions, authorizes our Board to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to limit any person to beneficial or constructive ownership of 9.8%, in either value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our aggregate outstanding shares of (i) common and preferred stock (excluding any outstanding shares of our common or preferred stock not treated as outstanding for federal income tax purposes) or (ii) common stock (excluding any of our outstanding shares of common stock not treated as outstanding for federal income tax purposes). Our Board, in its sole discretion, may exempt a person from such ownership limits, provided that they obtain such representations, covenants, and undertakings as appropriate to determine that the exemption would not affect our REIT status. Our Board may also increase or decrease the common stock ownership limit and/or the aggregate stock ownership limit, so long as the change would not result in five or fewer persons beneficially owning more than 49.9% in value of our outstanding stock. The ownership limits and other stock ownership restrictions contained in our charter may delay or prevent a transaction or change of control that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 13

Our Board may modify our authorized shares of stock of any class or series and may create and issue a class or series of common stock or preferred stock without stockholder approval.
 
Our charter empowers our Board to, without stockholder approval, increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of our stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue; classify any unissued shares of common stock or preferred stock; reclassify any previously classified, but unissued, shares of common stock or preferred stock into one or more classes or series of stock; and issue such shares of stock so classified or reclassified. Our Board may determine the relative rights, preferences, and privileges of any class or series of common stock or preferred stock issued. As a result, we may issue series or classes of common stock or preferred stock with preferences, dividends, powers, and rights (voting or otherwise) senior to the rights of current holders of our common stock. The issuance of any such classes or series of common stock or preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control transaction that might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.
 
Certain provisions of Maryland law could inhibit changes in control.
 
Certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law (“MGCL”) may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making a proposal to acquire us or impeding a change of control that could provide our stockholders with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price of our common stock, including:
 
•“business combination” provisions that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between us and an “interested stockholder” (defined generally as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock), or an affiliate thereof, for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, and thereafter imposes special appraisal rights and supermajority voting requirements on these combinations; and
•“control share” provisions that provide that holders of “control shares” of our company (defined as voting shares which, when aggregated with all other shares owned or controlled by the stockholder, entitle the stockholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a “control share acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of issued and outstanding “control shares”) have no voting rights except to the extent approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding all interested shares.
 
The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by a board of directors prior to the time that the “interested stockholder” becomes an interested stockholder. Our Board has, by resolution, exempted any business combination between us and any person who is an existing, or becomes in the future, an “interested stockholder.” Consequently, the five-year prohibition and the supermajority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and any such person. As a result, such person may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interest of our stockholders, without compliance with the supermajority vote requirements and the other provisions of the statute. Additionally, this resolution may be altered, revoked, or repealed in whole or in part at any time and we may opt back into the business combination provisions of the MGCL. If this resolution is revoked or repealed, the statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer. In the case of the control share provisions of the MGCL, we have elected to opt out of these provisions of the MGCL pursuant to a provision in our bylaws.
 
Additionally, Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL permits our Board, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is currently provided in our charter or our bylaws, to implement certain governance provisions, some of which we do not currently have. We have opted out of Section 3-803 of the MGCL, which permits a board of directors to be divided into classes pursuant to Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL. Any amendment or repeal of this resolution must be approved in the same manner as an amendment to our charter. The remaining provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an acquisition proposal for our company or of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of our company under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of our common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price. Our charter, our bylaws, and Maryland law also contain other provisions that may delay, defer, or prevent a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 14

Risks Related to REIT Structure
 
While we believe that we are properly organized as a REIT in accordance with applicable law, we cannot guarantee that the Internal Revenue Service will find that we have qualified as a REIT.
 
We believe that we are organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code beginning with our 2012 taxable year and that our current and anticipated investments and plan of operation will enable us to meet and continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT. Investors should be aware, however, that the Internal Revenue Service or any court could take a position different from our own. Given the highly complex nature of the rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances, no assurance can be given that we will qualify as a REIT for any particular year.
 
Furthermore, our qualification and taxation as a REIT will depend on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution, stockholder ownership, and other requirements on a continuing basis. Our ability to satisfy the quarterly asset tests under applicable Internal Revenue Code provisions and Treasury Regulations will depend on the fair market values of our assets, some of which are not susceptible to a precise determination. Our compliance with the REIT income and quarterly asset requirements also depends upon our ability to successfully manage the composition of our income and assets on an ongoing basis. While we believe that we will satisfy these tests, we cannot guarantee that this will be the case on a continuing basis.

If we fail to remain qualified as a REIT, we would be subject to federal income tax at corporate income tax rates and would not be able to deduct distributions to stockholders when computing our taxable income.
 
If, in any taxable year, we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT and are not entitled to relief under the Internal Revenue Code, we will:
 
•not be allowed a deduction for distributions to stockholders in computing our taxable income;
•be subject to federal and state income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax (for taxable years ending prior to January 1, 2018), on our taxable income at regular corporate rates; and
•be barred from qualifying as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year when we were disqualified.
 
Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for distributions to our stockholders, which in turn could have an adverse impact on the value of our common stock. This adverse impact could last for five or more years because, unless we are entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions, we will be taxed as a corporation beginning the year in which the failure occurs and for the following four years.
 
If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may need to borrow funds or liquidate some investments to pay the additional tax liability. Were this to occur, funds available for investment would be reduced. REIT qualification involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code to our operations, as well as various factual determinations concerning matters and circumstances not entirely within our control. There are limited judicial or administrative interpretations of these provisions. Although we plan to continue to operate in a manner consistent with the REIT qualification rules, we cannot assure you that we will qualify in a given year or remain so qualified.
 
If we fail to make required distributions, we may be subject to federal corporate income tax.
 
We intend to declare regular quarterly distributions, the amount of which will be determined, and is subject to adjustment, by our Board. To continue to qualify and be taxed as a REIT, we will generally be required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gain) each year to our stockholders. Generally, we expect to distribute all, or substantially all, of our REIT taxable income. If our cash available for distribution falls short of our estimates, we may be unable to maintain the proposed quarterly distributions that approximate our taxable income and we may fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT. In addition, our cash flows from operations may be insufficient to fund required distributions as a result of differences in timing between the actual receipt of income and the recognition of income for federal income tax purposes or the effect of nondeductible expenditures (e.g., capital expenditures, payments of compensation for which Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code denies a deduction, the creation of reserves, or required debt service or amortization payments). To the extent we satisfy the 90% distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on our undistributed taxable income. We will also be subject to a 4.0% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we pay out to our stockholders for a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, in order to continue to
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 15

qualify as a REIT, any C corporation earnings and profits to which we succeed must be distributed as of the close of the taxable year in which we accumulate or acquire such C corporation’s earnings and profits.
 
Because certain covenants in our debt instruments may limit our ability to make required REIT distributions, we could be subject to taxation.
 
Our existing debt instruments include, and our future debt instruments may include, covenants that limit our ability to make required REIT distributions. If the limits set forth in these covenants prevent us from satisfying our REIT distribution requirements, we could fail to qualify for federal income tax purposes as a REIT. If the limits set forth in these covenants do not jeopardize our qualification for taxation as a REIT, but prevent us from distributing 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax, and potentially a nondeductible excise tax, on the retained amounts.
 
Because we are required to satisfy numerous requirements imposed upon REITs, we may be required to borrow funds, sell assets, or raise equity on terms that are not favorable to us.
 
In order to meet the REIT distribution requirements and maintain our qualification and taxation as a REIT, we may need to borrow funds, sell assets, or raise equity, even if the then-prevailing market conditions are not favorable for such transactions. If our cash flows are not sufficient to cover our REIT distribution requirements, it could adversely impact our ability to raise short- and long-term debt, sell assets, or offer equity securities in order to fund the distributions required to maintain our qualification and taxation as a REIT. Furthermore, the REIT distribution requirements may increase the financing we need to fund capital expenditures, future growth, and expansion initiatives, which would increase our total leverage.
 
In addition, if we fail to comply with certain asset ownership tests at the end of any calendar quarter, we must generally correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments. These actions may reduce our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.

Because the REIT rules require us to satisfy certain rules on an ongoing basis, our flexibility or ability to pursue otherwise attractive opportunities may be limited.
 
To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders, and the ownership of our common stock. Compliance with these tests will require us to refrain from certain activities and may hinder our ability to make certain attractive investments, including the purchase of non-qualifying assets, the expansion of non-real estate activities, and investments in the businesses to be conducted by our TRSs, thereby limiting our opportunities and the flexibility to change our business strategy. Furthermore, acquisition opportunities in domestic and international markets may be adversely affected if we need or require target companies to comply with certain REIT requirements prior to closing on acquisitions. Also, please see the risk “There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain cash dividends” above.
 
Because the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code limit our ability to hedge effectively, the cost of our hedging may increase and we may incur tax liabilities.
 
The REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code limit our ability to hedge assets and liabilities that are not incurred to acquire or carry real estate. Generally, income from hedging transactions that have been properly identified for tax purposes (which we enter into to manage interest rate risk with respect to borrowings to acquire or carry real estate assets) and income from certain currency hedging transactions related to our non-U.S. operations, do not constitute “gross income” for purposes of the REIT gross income tests (such a hedging transaction is referred to as a “qualifying hedge”). In addition, if we enter into a qualifying hedge, but dispose of the underlying property (or a portion thereof) or the underlying debt (or a portion thereof) is extinguished, we can enter into a hedge of the original qualifying hedge, and income from the subsequent hedge will also not constitute “gross income” for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. As a result of these rules, we may need to limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement those hedges through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our hedging activities because our TRSs could be subject to tax on income or gains resulting from such hedges or expose us to greater interest rate risks than we would otherwise want to bear. In addition, losses in any of our TRSs generally will not provide any tax benefit, except for being carried forward for use against future taxable income in the TRSs.
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 16

We use TRSs, which may cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT.
 
To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we hold our non-qualifying REIT assets and conduct our non-qualifying REIT income activities in or through one or more TRSs. The net income of our TRSs is not required to be distributed to us and income that is not distributed to us will generally not be subject to the REIT income distribution requirement. However, there may be limitations on our ability to accumulate earnings in our TRSs and the accumulation or reinvestment of significant earnings in our TRSs could result in adverse tax treatment. In particular, if the accumulation of cash in our TRSs causes the fair market value of our TRS interests and certain other non-qualifying assets to exceed 20% of the fair market value of our assets, we would lose tax efficiency and could potentially fail to qualify as a REIT.

Because the REIT rules limit our ability to receive distributions from TRSs, our ability to fund distribution payments using cash generated through our TRSs may be limited.
 
Our ability to receive distributions from our TRSs is limited by the rules we must comply with in order to maintain our REIT status. In particular, at least 75% of our gross income for each taxable year as a REIT must be derived from real estate-related sources, which principally includes gross income from the leasing of our properties. Consequently, no more than 25% of our gross income may consist of dividend income from our TRSs and other non-qualifying income types. Thus, our ability to receive distributions from our TRSs is limited and may impact our ability to fund distributions to our stockholders using cash flows from our TRSs. Specifically, if our TRSs become highly profitable, we might be limited in our ability to receive net income from our TRSs in an amount required to fund distributions to our stockholders commensurate with that profitability.
 
Transactions with our TRSs could cause us to be subject to a 100% penalty tax on certain income or deductions if those transactions are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis.
 
The Internal Revenue Code limits the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The Internal Revenue Code also imposes a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. We will monitor the value of investments in our TRSs in order to ensure compliance with TRS ownership limitations and will structure our transactions with our TRSs on terms that we believe are arm’s-length to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to comply with the TRS ownership limitation or be able to avoid application of the 100% excise tax.
 
Because distributions payable by REITs generally do not qualify for reduced tax rates, the value of our common stock could be adversely affected.
 
Certain distributions payable by domestic or qualified foreign corporations to individuals, trusts, and estates in the United States are currently eligible for federal income tax at a maximum rate of 20%. Distributions payable by REITs, in contrast, are generally not eligible for this reduced rate, unless the distributions are attributable to dividends received by the REIT from other corporations that would otherwise be eligible for the reduced rate. This more favorable tax rate for regular corporate distributions could cause qualified investors to perceive investments in REITs to be less attractive than investments in the stock of corporations that pay distributions, which could adversely affect the value of REIT stocks, including our common stock.

Even if we continue to qualify as a REIT, certain of our business activities will be subject to corporate level income tax and foreign taxes, which will continue to reduce our cash flows, and we will have potential deferred and contingent tax liabilities.
 
Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain (i) federal, state, local, and foreign taxes on our income and assets (including alternative minimum taxes for taxable years ending prior to January 1, 2018); (ii) taxes on any undistributed income and state, local, or foreign income; and (iii) franchise, property, and transfer taxes. In addition, we could be required to pay an excise or penalty tax under certain circumstances in order to utilize one or more relief provisions under the Internal Revenue Code to maintain qualification for taxation as a REIT, which could be significant in amount.
 
Any TRS assets and operations would continue to be subject, as applicable, to federal and state corporate income taxes and to foreign taxes in the jurisdictions in which those assets and operations are located. Any of these taxes would decrease our earnings and our cash available for distributions to stockholders.
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 17

We will also be subject to a federal corporate level tax at the highest regular corporate rate (currently 21%) on all or a portion of the gain recognized from a sale of assets formerly held by any C corporation that we acquire on a carry-over basis transaction occurring within a five-year period after we acquire such assets, to the extent the built-in gain based on the fair market value of those assets on the effective date of the REIT election is in excess of our then tax basis. The tax on subsequently sold assets will be based on the fair market value and built-in gain of those assets as of the beginning of our holding period. Gains from the sale of an asset occurring after the specified period will not be subject to this corporate level tax. We expect to have only a de minimis amount of assets subject to these corporate tax rules and do not expect to dispose of any significant assets subject to these corporate tax rules.

Because dividends received by foreign stockholders are generally taxable, we may be required to withhold a portion of our distributions to such persons.
 
Ordinary dividends received by foreign stockholders that are not effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30%, unless reduced by an applicable income tax treaty. Additional rules with respect to certain capital gain distributions will apply to foreign stockholders that own more than 10% of our common stock.
 
The ability of our Board to revoke our REIT election, without stockholder approval, may cause adverse consequences for our stockholders.
 
Our organizational documents permit our Board to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT. If we cease to be a REIT, we will not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to stockholders in computing our taxable income and we will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates and state and local taxes, which may have adverse consequences on the total return to our stockholders.

Federal and state income tax laws governing REITs and related interpretations may change at any time, and any such legislative or other actions affecting REITs could have a negative effect on us and our stockholders.

Federal and state income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended at any time. Federal, state, and foreign tax laws are under constant review by persons involved in the legislative process, at the Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Department of the Treasury, and at various state and foreign tax authorities. Changes to tax laws, regulations, or administrative interpretations, which may be applied retroactively, could adversely affect us or our stockholders. We cannot predict whether, when, in what forms, or with what effective dates, the tax laws, regulations, and administrative interpretations applicable to us or our stockholders may be changed. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that any such change will not significantly affect our ability to qualify for taxation as a REIT or the federal income tax consequences to you or us.

Risks Related to Our Overall Business

Our accounting policies and methods are fundamental to how we record and report our financial position and results of operations, and they require management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions about matters that are inherently uncertain.
 
Our accounting policies and methods are fundamental to how we record and report our financial position and results of operations. We have identified several accounting policies as being critical to the presentation of our financial position and results of operations because they require management to make particularly subjective or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because of the likelihood that materially different amounts would be recorded under different conditions or using different assumptions. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the estimates, judgments, and assumptions associated with these critical accounting policies, we cannot provide any assurance that we will not make significant subsequent adjustments to our consolidated financial statements. If our judgments, assumptions, and allocations prove to be incorrect, or if circumstances change, our business, financial condition, revenues, operating expense, results of operations, liquidity, ability to pay dividends, or stock price may be materially adversely affected.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 18

Our future success depends on the successful recruitment and retention of personnel, including our executives.
 
Our future success depends in large part on our ability to hire and retain a sufficient number of qualified and diverse personnel. Failure to recruit from a diverse pool of qualified candidates could negatively impact the dynamic growth of our company. In addition, the nature of our executive officers’ experience and the extent of the relationships they have developed with real estate professionals and financial institutions are important to the success of our business. We cannot provide any assurances regarding their continued employment with us. The loss of the services of certain of our executive officers could detrimentally affect our business and prospects.

The occurrence of cyber incidents, or a deficiency in our cyber security, could negatively impact our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information, and/or damage to our business relationships, all of which could negatively impact our financial results.
 
A cyber incident is considered to be any adverse event that threatens the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our information resources, which could be an intentional attack or an unintentional accident or error. We use information technology and other computer resources to carry out important operational activities and to maintain our business records. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we face heightened cybersecurity risks as our employees work remotely, leading to an increased dependence on the internet and greater exposure to the malware campaigns and phishing attacks preying on the uncertainties surrounding the pandemic. These heightened cybersecurity risks may increase our vulnerability to cyber-attacks and cause disruptions to our internal control procedures.

In addition, we may store or come into contact with sensitive information and data. If we or our third-party service providers fail to comply with applicable privacy or data security laws in handling this information, including the General Data Protection Regulation and the California Consumer Privacy Act, we could face significant legal and financial exposure to claims of governmental agencies and parties whose privacy is compromised, including sizable fines and penalties.

We have implemented processes, procedures, and controls intended to address ongoing and evolving cyber security risks, but these measures, as well as our increased awareness of a risk of a cyber incident, do not guarantee that our financial results will not be negatively impacted by such an incident. The primary risks that could directly result from the occurrence of a cyber incident include operational interruption, damage to our relationship with our tenants, and private data exposure. A significant and extended disruption could damage our business or reputation; cause a loss of revenue; have an adverse effect on tenant relations; cause an unintended or unauthorized public disclosure; or lead to the misappropriation of proprietary, personal identifying and confidential information; all of which could result in us incurring significant expenses to address and remediate or otherwise resolve these kinds of issues. There can be no assurance that the insurance we maintain to cover some of these risks will be sufficient to cover the losses from any future breaches of our systems.

Our business will continue to be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic lead to a pause in our investment activities for several months during 2020, which disrupted our pipeline and materially impacted our investment activities for the full-year 2020. In addition, the ongoing economic downturn and market volatility has already eroded the financial conditions of certain of our tenants and operating properties. Given the significant uncertainty around the duration and severity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to face risks related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which has severely impacted, and is likely to continue to adversely impact, global economies.

We are unable to predict the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to have on our tenants’ ability to pay rent, therefore information provided regarding historical rent collections should not serve as an indication of expected future rent collections. We also cannot assure you that conditions in the bank lending, capital, and other financial markets will not further deteriorate as a result of the pandemic, causing our access to capital and other sources of funding to become constrained, which could adversely affect our ability to meet our financial covenants, as well as the terms or even availability of future borrowings, renewals, and refinancings. Rapid changes in laws and regulatory policies, including the effects of government fiscal and monetary policies, could subject us to additional market volatility and risks. Any preventative actions related to the COVID-19 pandemic that we or governmental authorities may take could result in business disruptions; however, failure to take a cautious approach could exacerbate the crisis and subject us to risks arising from potential legal liabilities. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our results and operations will depend on future developments, including new information that may emerge concerning vaccines or treatments, the duration of the outbreak, and actions taken to contain the COVID-19 pandemic or mitigate its impacts, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 19

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.
 
Our principal corporate offices are located at One Manhattan West, 395 9th Avenue, 58th Floor, New York, NY 10001 and our international offices are located in London and Amsterdam. We have additional office space domestically in Dallas. We lease all of these offices and believe these leases are suitable for our operations for the foreseeable future.
 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
 
Various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business are pending against us. The results of these proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
 
Not applicable.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 20

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
 
Market Information
 
Our common stock is listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “WPC.” At February 5, 2021 there were 8,772 registered holders of record of our common stock. This figure does not reflect the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock.

Stock Price Performance Graph
 
The graph below provides an indicator of cumulative total stockholder returns for our common stock for the period December 31, 2015 to December 31, 2020, as compared with the S&P 500 Index and the FTSE NAREIT Equity REITs Index. The graph assumes a $100 investment on December 31, 2015, together with the reinvestment of all dividends.

wpc-20201231_g2.jpg
 At December 31,
 201520162017201820192020
W. P. Carey Inc.$100.00 $106.54 $131.92 $133.24 $171.62 $161.28 
S&P 500 Index100.00 111.96 136.40 130.42 171.49 203.04 
FTSE NAREIT Equity REITs Index100.00 108.52 114.19 108.91 137.23 126.25 
 
The stock price performance included in this graph is not indicative of future stock price performance.

Dividends

We currently intend to continue paying cash dividends consistent with our historical practice; however, our Board determines the amount and timing of any future dividend payments to our stockholders based on a variety of factors.
 
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
 
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated herein by reference.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 21

Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
 
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes in Item 8 (in thousands, except per share data):
 Years Ended December 31,
 20202019201820172016
Operating Data
Revenues (a) (b)
$1,209,319 $1,232,766 $885,732 $848,302 $941,533 
Net income (a) (b) (c) (d)
465,955 306,544 424,341 285,083 274,807 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (b)
(10,596)(1,301)(12,775)(7,794)(7,060)
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey (a) (b) (c) (d)
455,359 305,243 411,566 277,289 267,747 
Basic earnings per share2.61 1.78 3.50 2.56 2.50 
Diluted earnings per share2.60 1.78 3.49 2.56 2.49 
Cash dividends declared per share4.1720 4.1400 4.0900 4.0100 3.9292 
Balance Sheet Data
Total assets$14,707,636 $14,060,918 $14,183,039 $8,231,402 $8,453,954 
Net investments in real estate12,362,429 11,916,745 11,928,854 6,703,715 6,781,900 
Senior Unsecured Notes, net5,146,192 4,390,189 3,554,470 2,474,661 1,807,200 
Senior credit facilities
404,252 201,267 91,563 605,129 926,693 
Non-recourse mortgages, net1,145,554 1,462,487 2,732,658 1,185,477 1,706,921 
 
__________
(a)Amounts from year to year will not be comparable primarily due to fluctuations in gains/losses recognized on the sale of real estate, lease termination and other income, foreign currency exchange rates, and impairment charges.
(b)The years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 reflect the impact of the CPA:17 Merger, which was completed on October 31, 2018 (Note 3).
(c)Amounts for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 include unrealized gains recognized on our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (a cold storage REIT), totaling $48.3 million and $32.9 million, respectively (Note 9).
(d)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes a loss on change in control of interests of $8.4 million recognized in connection with the CPA:17 Merger. Amount for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes a gain on change in control of interests of $47.8 million recognized in connection with the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3).
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 22

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to assist in understanding our financial statements and the reasons for changes in certain key components of our financial statements from period to period. This item also provides our perspective on our financial position and liquidity, as well as certain other factors that may affect our future results. The discussion also breaks down the financial results of our business by segment to provide a better understanding of how these segments and their results affect our financial condition and results of operations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Report and the matters described under Item 1A. Risk Factors. Please see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 for discussion of our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. Refer to Item 1. Business for a description of our business.

Significant Developments

COVID-19

We are closely monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business, including the safety and health of our employees, our portfolio, and tenant credit health (including our tenants’ ability to pay rent), as well as our liquidity, capital allocation, and balance sheet management.

One of our core principles is our proactive approach to asset management. As such, we continue to actively engage in discussions with our tenants regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their business operations, liquidity, and financial position. Through the date of this Report, we received from tenants approximately 99% of contractual base rent that was due during the fourth quarter of 2020 (based on contractual minimum annualized base rent (“ABR”) as of September 30, 2020) and approximately 98% of contractual base rent that was due in January 2021 (based on ABR as of December 31, 2020). Given the significant uncertainty around the duration and severity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are unable to predict the impact it will have on our tenants’ continued ability to pay rent. Therefore, information provided in this Report regarding recent rent collections should not serve as an indication of expected future rent collections.

The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our tenants and properties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, and prospects. Please see Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Report for additional information regarding the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on us and our tenants.

Financial Highlights
 
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we completed the following (as further described in the consolidated financial statements):

Real Estate

Investments

•We acquired 14 investments totaling $661.4 million (Note 5).
•We completed five construction projects at a cost totaling $171.2 million (Note 5).

Dispositions

•As part of our active capital recycling program, we disposed of 22 properties for total proceeds, net of selling costs, of $366.5 million (inclusive of $4.7 million attributable to a noncontrolling interest). Disposition activity included the sale of one of our two hotel operating properties in January 2020 for total proceeds, net of selling costs, of $103.5 million (inclusive of $4.7 million attributable to a noncontrolling interest) (Note 16).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 23

Financing and Capital Markets Transactions

•On February 20, 2020, we amended and restated our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility to increase its capacity to $2.1 billion, which is comprised of a $1.8 billion Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, a £150.0 million Term Loan, and a €96.5 million Delayed Draw Term Loan, all maturing in five years. On that date, we drew down our Term Loan in full by borrowing £150.0 million (equivalent to $193.1 million). On March 27, 2020, we drew down our Delayed Draw Term Loan in full by borrowing €96.5 million (equivalent to $105.9 million) (Note 11).
•On June 17, 2020, we entered into certain forward sale agreements in connection with a public offering of 5,462,500 shares of common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we settled a portion of the equity forwards by physically delivering 2,951,791 shares of common stock to certain forward purchasers for net proceeds of $199.7 million. As of December 31, 2020, 2,510,709 shares remained outstanding under the forward sale agreements, which we expect to settle by December 17, 2021 for cash proceeds of approximately $163.2 million (Note 13).
•On October 14, 2020, we completed an underwritten public offering of $500.0 million of 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031, at a price of 99.099% of par value. These 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031 have a 10.3-year term and are scheduled to mature on February 1, 2031 (Note 11).
•We reduced our mortgage debt outstanding by prepaying or repaying at or close to maturity a total of $294.4 million of non-recourse mortgage loans with a weighted-average interest rate of 5.1% (Note 11).

Investment Management

CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger

On April 13, 2020, the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger closed (Note 4).

•In connection with the termination of our advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2, the operating partnerships of each of CWI 1 and CWI 2 redeemed the special general partner interests that we previously held, for which we received 1,300,000 shares of CWI 2 preferred stock with a fair value of $46.3 million and 2,840,549 shares in CWI 2 Class A common stock with a fair value of $11.6 million; in connection with this redemption, we recognized a non-cash net gain on sale of $33.0 million, which was included within Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2020. The carrying value of our investment in WLT preferred stock (formerly CWI 2 preferred stock) was $46.3 million as of December 31, 2020, and is included within Other assets, net on our consolidated balance sheets as available-for-sale debt securities (Note 9).
•We exchanged our 6,074,046 shares of CWI 1 common stock for 5,531,025 shares of CWI 2 Class A common stock, based on the exchange ratio set forth in the merger agreement. In addition, prior to the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, we owned 3,836,669 shares of CWI 2 Class A common stock. Together with the 2,840,549 shares in CWI 2 Class A common stock received (as described above), following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (and CWI 2 being renamed WLT), we own 12,208,243 shares of WLT Class A common stock, which we account for as an equity method investment and which had a carrying value of $44.2 million as of December 31, 2020 (Note 8). The aggregate carrying value of our investments in preferred shares and shares of common stock of WLT totaled approximately $90.5 million as of December 31, 2020.

Assets Under Management

•As of December 31, 2020, we managed total assets of approximately $2.8 billion on behalf of CPA:18 – Global and CESH. We expect that the vast majority of our Investment Management earnings going forward will be generated from asset management fees and our ownership interests in CPA:18 – Global and CESH.

Dividends to Stockholders

We declared cash dividends totaling $4.172 per share, comprised of four quarterly dividends per share of $1.040, $1.042, $1.044, and $1.046.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 24

Consolidated Results

(in thousands, except shares)
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues from Real Estate$1,177,997 $1,172,863 $779,125 
Revenues from Investment Management
31,322 59,903 106,607 
Total revenues1,209,319 1,232,766 885,732 
Net income from Real Estate attributable to W. P. Carey459,512 272,065 307,236 
Net (loss) income from Investment Management attributable to W. P. Carey(4,153)33,178 104,330 
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey455,359 305,243 411,566 
Dividends declared732,020 713,588 502,819 
Net cash provided by operating activities801,538 812,077 509,166 
Net cash used in investing activities(539,932)(522,773)(266,132)
Net cash used in financing activities(210,713)(457,778)(24,292)
Supplemental financial measures (a):
  
Adjusted funds from operations attributable to W. P. Carey (AFFO) — Real Estate
804,175 811,193 516,502 
Adjusted funds from operations attributable to W. P. Carey (AFFO) — Investment Management
24,911 45,277 118,084 
Adjusted funds from operations attributable to W. P. Carey (AFFO)
829,086 856,470 634,586 
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding174,839,428 171,299,414 117,706,445 
__________
(a)We consider Adjusted funds from operations (“AFFO”), a supplemental measure that is not defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) (a “non-GAAP measure”), to be an important measure in the evaluation of our operating performance. See Supplemental Financial Measures below for our definition of this non-GAAP measure and a reconciliation to its most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Revenues

2020 vs. 2019 — Real Estate revenue increased due to an increase in lease revenues (primarily from property acquisition activity, partially offset by the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and property dispositions), partially offset by lower revenues from hotel operating properties (we sold one hotel in January 2020 (Note 16) and our remaining hotel was adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic) and lower lease termination income and other (Note 5). Investment Management revenue decreased primarily due to lower asset management revenue and reimbursable costs earned from the Managed Programs following the termination of our advisory agreements in connection with the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020 (Note 4), as well as lower structuring and other advisory revenue earned from the Managed Programs.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 25

Net Income Attributable to W. P. Carey

2020 vs. 2019 — Net income from Real Estate attributable to W. P. Carey increased primarily due to a higher gain on sale of real estate (Note 16), lower interest expense (substantially due to the reduction in our mortgage debt outstanding since January 1, 2019), and the impact of real estate acquisitions. In addition, we recognized a deferred tax benefit as a result of the release of a deferred tax liability relating to our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 15). These increases were partially offset by lower lease termination income and other (Note 5) and a non-cash net allowance for credit losses recognized during the current year (Note 6). Net income from Investment Management attributable to W. P. Carey decreased due to the cessation of Investment Management revenues and distributions previously earned from CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 4). In addition, during the current year, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 9), partially offset by a non-cash net gain recognized on the redemption of our special general partner interests in CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the WLT management internalization (Note 4).

AFFO

2020 vs. 2019 — AFFO decreased in 2020 as compared to 2019, primarily due to the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, lower Investment Management revenues and distributions, and lower lease termination income and other, partially offset by the accretive impact of net investment activity, lower interest expense, and scheduled rent increases at existing properties.

Portfolio Overview

Our portfolio is comprised of operationally-critical, commercial real estate assets net leased to tenants located primarily in the United States and Northern and Western Europe. We invest in high-quality single tenant industrial, warehouse, office, retail, and self-storage (net lease) properties subject to long-term leases with built-in rent escalators. Portfolio information is provided on a pro rata basis, unless otherwise noted below, to better illustrate the economic impact of our various net-leased jointly owned investments. See Terms and Definitions below for a description of pro rata amounts.

Portfolio Summary
As of December 31,
202020192018
Number of net-leased properties1,243 1,214 1,163 
Number of operating properties (a)
20 21 48 
Number of tenants (net-leased properties)350 345 304 
Total square footage (net-leased properties, in thousands)144,259 139,982 130,956 
Occupancy (net-leased properties)98.5 %98.8 %98.3 %
Weighted-average lease term (net-leased properties, in years)10.6 10.7 10.2 
Number of countries25 25 25 
Total assets (in thousands)$14,707,636 $14,060,918 $14,183,039 
Net investments in real estate (in thousands)12,362,429 11,916,745 11,928,854 
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Acquisition volume (in millions) (b)
$661.4 $737.5 $824.8 
Construction projects completed (in millions)171.2 122.5 102.5 
Average U.S. dollar/euro exchange rate1.1410 1.1196 1.1813 
Average U.S. dollar/British pound sterling exchange rate1.2834 1.2767 1.3356 
Change in the U.S. CPI (c)
1.4 %2.3 %1.9 %
Change in the Germany CPI (c)
(0.3)%1.5 %1.7 %
Change in the Spain CPI (c)
(0.5)%0.8 %1.2 %
Change in the Poland CPI (c)
2.3 %3.2 %1.2 %
Change in the Netherlands CPI (c)
1.0 %2.7 %2.0 %
 
__________
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 26

(a)At December 31, 2020, operating properties consisted of 19 self-storage properties (of which we consolidated ten, with an average occupancy of 93.9% at that date), and one hotel property, with an average occupancy of 25.0% for the year ended December 31, 2020 (due to the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic). We sold one of our hotel properties in January 2020 (Note 16). At December 31, 2019, operating properties consisted of 19 self-storage properties and two hotel properties. During the second quarter of 2019, we entered into net lease agreements for certain self-storage properties previously classified as operating properties. As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2019, we reclassified 27 consolidated self-storage properties from operating properties to net leases (Note 5). At December 31, 2018, operating properties consisted of 46 self-storage properties and two hotel properties.
(b)Amount for 2018 excludes properties acquired in the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3).
(c)Many of our lease agreements include contractual increases indexed to changes in the CPI or similar indices in the jurisdictions in which the properties are located. When there is a decrease in CPI, rent does not decrease, since the minimum adjustment to rent will be 0% or higher.

Net-Leased Portfolio

The tables below represent information about our net-leased portfolio at December 31, 2020 on a pro rata basis and, accordingly, exclude all operating properties. See Terms and Definitions below for a description of pro rata amounts and ABR.

Top Ten Tenants by ABR
(dollars in thousands)
Tenant/Lease GuarantorDescriptionNumber of PropertiesABRABR PercentWeighted-Average Lease Term (Years)
U-Haul Moving Partners Inc. and Mercury Partners, LPNet lease self-storage properties in the U.S.78 $38,751 3.3 %3.3 
Hellweg Die Profi-Baumärkte GmbH & Co. KG (a)
Do-it-yourself retail properties in Germany42 36,579 3.1 %16.2 
State of Andalucía (a)
Government office properties in Spain70 31,479 2.7 %14.0 
Metro Cash & Carry Italia S.p.A. (a)
Business-to-business wholesale stores in Italy and Germany20 29,723 2.5 %6.3 
Pendragon PLC (a)
Automotive dealerships in the United Kingdom69 23,531 2.0 %9.4 
Extra Space Storage, Inc.Net lease self-storage properties in the U.S.27 20,332 1.7 %23.3 
Marriott CorporationNet lease hotel properties in the U.S.18 20,065 1.7 %2.9 
Eroski Sociedad
Cooperativa (a)
Grocery stores and warehouses in Spain58 19,589 1.6 %15.2 
Nord Anglia Education, Inc.K-12 private schools in the U.S.3 19,138 1.6 %22.7 
Forterra, Inc. (a) (b)
Industrial properties in the U.S. and Canada27 18,781 1.6 %22.5 
Total 412 $257,968 21.8 %12.6 
__________
(a)ABR amounts are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
(b)Of the 27 properties leased to Forterra, Inc., 25 are located in the United States and two are located in Canada.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 27

Portfolio Diversification by Geography
(in thousands, except percentages)
RegionABRABR Percent
Square Footage (a)
Square Footage Percent
United States
South
Texas $102,253 8.7 %12,035 8.3 %
Florida 48,650 4.1 %4,487 3.1 %
Georgia 24,057 2.0 %3,527 2.4 %
Tennessee 19,351 1.6 %2,875 2.0 %
Alabama 15,151 1.3 %2,382 1.7 %
Other (b)
11,602 1.0 %2,263 1.6 %
Total South221,064 18.7 %27,569 19.1 %
Midwest
Illinois 57,030 4.8 %7,036 4.9 %
Minnesota 29,210 2.5 %2,728 1.9 %
Indiana 21,472 1.8 %3,198 2.2 %
Wisconsin 15,854 1.4 %3,245 2.2 %
Ohio 15,389 1.3 %3,271 2.3 %
Michigan 14,279 1.2 %2,112 1.4 %
Other (b)
28,765 2.4 %4,877 3.4 %
Total Midwest181,999 15.4 %26,467 18.3 %
East
North Carolina 33,439 2.8 %8,102 5.6 %
Pennsylvania 26,648 2.3 %3,437 2.4 %
Massachusetts 21,832 1.8 %1,407 1.0 %
New Jersey 19,707 1.7 %1,100 0.7 %
South Carolina 15,469 1.3 %4,321 3.0 %
Virginia 13,776 1.2 %1,430 1.0 %
New York 13,356 1.1 %1,392 1.0 %
Other (b)
34,320 2.9 %6,594 4.6 %
Total East178,547 15.1 %27,783 19.3 %
West
California 60,680 5.1 %5,195 3.6 %
Arizona 30,814 2.6 %3,365 2.3 %
Other (b)
53,317 4.5 %5,588 3.9 %
Total West144,811 12.2 %14,148 9.8 %
United States Total726,421 61.4 %95,967 66.5 %
International
Germany 68,637 5.8 %6,645 4.6 %
Spain 60,139 5.1 %4,708 3.3 %
Poland 57,598 4.9 %7,214 5.0 %
The Netherlands53,432 4.5 %6,389 4.4 %
United Kingdom 51,097 4.3 %4,035 2.8 %
Italy 27,969 2.4 %2,386 1.7 %
Croatia 18,348 1.5 %1,784 1.2 %
Denmark 16,311 1.4 %2,408 1.7 %
France 14,486 1.2 %1,270 0.9 %
Canada 13,142 1.1 %2,103 1.5 %
Lithuania 12,089 1.0 %1,640 1.1 %
Other (c)
63,548 5.4 %7,710 5.3 %
International Total456,796 38.6 %48,292 33.5 %
Total$1,183,217 100.0 %144,259 100.0 %
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 28

Portfolio Diversification by Property Type
(in thousands, except percentages)
Property TypeABRABR Percent
Square Footage (a)
Square Footage Percent
Industrial $293,878 24.8 %51,230 35.5 %
Office 266,776 22.5 %17,023 11.8 %
Warehouse 257,386 21.8 %46,950 32.6 %
Retail (d)
214,249 18.1 %17,936 12.4 %
Self Storage (net lease)59,083 5.0 %5,810 4.0 %
Other (e)
91,845 7.8 %5,310 3.7 %
Total$1,183,217 100.0 %144,259 100.0 %
__________
(a)Includes square footage for any vacant properties.
(b)Other properties within South include assets in Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Mississippi. Other properties within Midwest include assets in Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Other properties within East include assets in Kentucky, Maryland, Connecticut, West Virginia, New Hampshire, and Maine. Other properties within West include assets in Colorado, Utah, Oregon, Washington, Nevada, Hawaii, New Mexico, Wyoming, Montana, and Alaska.
(c)Includes assets in Finland, Norway, Mexico, Hungary, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Austria, Sweden, Japan, Slovakia, Latvia, Belgium, and Estonia.
(d)Includes automotive dealerships.
(e)Includes ABR from tenants with the following property types: education facility, hotel (net lease), laboratory, fitness facility, student housing (net lease), theater, and restaurant.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 29

Portfolio Diversification by Tenant Industry
(in thousands, except percentages)
Industry Type ABRABR PercentSquare FootageSquare Footage Percent
Retail Stores (a)
$264,551 22.4 %31,755 22.0 %
Consumer Services 97,014 8.2 %7,737 5.4 %
Automotive75,753 6.4 %12,091 8.4 %
Grocery69,919 5.9 %7,318 5.1 %
Cargo Transportation63,764 5.4 %9,013 6.2 %
Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals57,048 4.8 %4,976 3.5 %
Business Services55,596 4.7 %4,715 3.3 %
Beverage and Food52,682 4.4 %5,930 4.1 %
Construction and Building49,738 4.2 %9,156 6.3 %
Sovereign and Public Finance43,376 3.7 %3,364 2.3 %
Capital Equipment43,246 3.7 %6,932 4.8 %
Containers, Packaging, and Glass36,114 3.0 %6,186 4.3 %
Hotel and Leisure35,206 3.0 %2,197 1.5 %
Durable Consumer Goods35,201 3.0 %8,170 5.7 %
High Tech Industries29,568 2.5 %3,236 2.2 %
Insurance25,372 2.1 %1,749 1.2 %
Banking20,326 1.7 %1,247 0.9 %
Telecommunications17,516 1.5 %1,571 1.1 %
Aerospace and Defense16,602 1.4 %1,504 1.0 %
Media: Broadcasting and Subscription13,679 1.2 %784 0.5 %
Media: Advertising, Printing, and Publishing13,535 1.1 %1,001 0.7 %
Chemicals, Plastics, and Rubber12,917 1.1 %1,584 1.1 %
Wholesale12,755 1.1 %2,005 1.4 %
Non-Durable Consumer Goods12,370 1.0 %4,685 3.3 %
Other (b)
29,369 2.5 %5,353 3.7 %
Total$1,183,217 100.0 %144,259 100.0 %
__________
(a)Includes automotive dealerships.
(b)Includes ABR from tenants in the following industries: metals and mining, oil and gas, environmental industries, electricity, consumer transportation, forest products and paper, real estate, and finance. Also includes square footage for vacant properties.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 30

Lease Expirations
(dollars and square footage in thousands)
Year of Lease Expiration (a)
Number of Leases ExpiringNumber of Tenants with Leases ExpiringABRABR PercentSquare FootageSquare Footage Percent
202126 24 $20,326 1.7 %1,903 1.3 %
202227 26 40,314 3.4 %3,001 2.1 %
202338 32 51,921 4.4 %6,305 4.4 %
202477 50 112,828 9.5 %14,025 9.7 %
202562 30 62,991 5.3 %7,307 5.1 %
202642 28 62,501 5.3 %8,608 6.0 %
202744 27 73,143 6.2 %8,068 5.6 %
202842 24 63,776 5.4 %4,829 3.3 %
202932 19 39,820 3.4 %4,946 3.4 %
203027 22 70,282 5.9 %5,737 4.0 %
203166 16 71,202 6.0 %8,154 5.6 %
203235 15 47,362 4.0 %6,625 4.6 %
203323 17 64,678 5.5 %8,192 5.7 %
203447 15 77,836 6.6 %7,765 5.4 %
Thereafter (>2034)185 83 324,237 27.4 %46,560 32.3 %
Vacant— — — — %2,234 1.5 %
Total773 $1,183,217 100.0 %144,259 100.0 %
__________
(a)Assumes tenants do not exercise any renewal options or purchase options.

Terms and Definitions

Pro Rata Metrics —The portfolio information above contains certain metrics prepared under the pro rata consolidation method. We refer to these metrics as pro rata metrics. We have a number of investments, usually with our affiliates, in which our economic ownership is less than 100%. Under the full consolidation method, we report 100% of the assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of those investments that are deemed to be under our control or for which we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary, even if our ownership is less than 100%. Also, for all other jointly owned investments, which we do not control, we report our net investment and our net income or loss from that investment. Under the pro rata consolidation method, we present our proportionate share, based on our economic ownership of these jointly owned investments, of the portfolio metrics of those investments. Multiplying each of our jointly owned investments’ financial statement line items by our percentage ownership and adding or subtracting those amounts from our totals, as applicable, may not accurately depict the legal and economic implications of holding an ownership interest of less than 100% in our jointly owned investments.

ABR — ABR represents contractual minimum annualized base rent for our net-leased properties, net of receivable reserves as determined by GAAP, and reflects exchange rates as of December 31, 2020. If there is a rent abatement, we annualize the first monthly contractual base rent following the free rent period. ABR is not applicable to operating properties.

Results of Operations

We operate in two reportable segments: Real Estate and Investment Management. We evaluate our results of operations with a primary focus on increasing and enhancing the value, quality, and number of properties in our Real Estate segment. We focus our efforts on accretive investing and improving portfolio quality through re-leasing efforts, including negotiation of lease renewals, or selectively selling assets in order to increase value in our real estate portfolio. Through our Investment Management segment, we expect to continue to earn fees and other income from the management of the portfolios of the remaining Managed Programs until those programs reach the end of their respective life cycles.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 31

Real Estate — Property Level Contribution

The following table presents the Property level contribution for our consolidated net-leased and operating properties within our Real Estate segment, as well as a reconciliation to Net income from Real Estate attributable to W. P. Carey (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
20202019Change20192018Change
Existing Net-Leased Properties
Lease revenues$633,177 $622,490 $10,687 $622,490 $612,460 $10,030 
Depreciation and amortization (216,800)(217,272)472 (217,272)(223,982)6,710 
Reimbursable tenant costs(25,969)(25,566)(403)(25,566)(21,204)(4,362)
Property expenses (24,159)(18,956)(5,203)(18,956)(16,868)(2,088)
Property level contribution366,249 360,696 5,553 360,696 350,406 10,290 
Net-Leased Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger
Lease revenues356,166 344,606 11,560 344,606 54,585 290,021 
Depreciation and amortization(149,688)(150,866)1,178 (150,866)(21,820)(129,046)
Reimbursable tenant costs(27,193)(27,618)425 (27,618)(5,062)(22,556)
Property expenses (16,388)(15,457)(931)(15,457)(2,685)(12,772)
Property level contribution162,897 150,665 12,232 150,665 25,018 125,647 
Recently Acquired Net-Leased Properties
Lease revenues149,218 87,414 61,804 87,414 26,374 61,040 
Depreciation and amortization(61,246)(36,059)(25,187)(36,059)(11,465)(24,594)
Reimbursable tenant costs(3,052)(1,909)(1,143)(1,909)(396)(1,513)
Property expenses (2,347)(1,360)(987)(1,360)(385)(975)
Property level contribution82,573 48,086 34,487 48,086 14,128 33,958 
Existing Operating Property
Operating property revenues3,967 15,001 (11,034)15,001 15,179 (178)
Depreciation and amortization(1,547)(1,515)(32)(1,515)(1,947)432 
Operating property expenses(5,722)(11,742)6,020 (11,742)(11,607)(135)
Property level contribution(3,302)1,744 (5,046)1,744 1,625 119 
Operating Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger
Operating property revenues5,542 20,787 (15,245)20,787 6,391 14,396 
Depreciation and amortization(2,470)(19,502)17,032 (19,502)(6,040)(13,462)
Operating property expenses(2,275)(8,205)5,930 (8,205)(2,258)(5,947)
Property level contribution797 (6,920)7,717 (6,920)(1,907)(5,013)
Properties Sold or Held for Sale
Lease revenues15,943 31,865 (15,922)31,865 51,079 (19,214)
Operating property revenues1,890 14,432 (12,542)14,432 6,502 7,930 
Depreciation and amortization(6,095)(16,855)10,760 (16,855)(20,918)4,063 
Reimbursable tenant costs(195)(483)288 (483)(1,414)931 
Property expenses(1,173)(3,772)2,599 (3,772)(2,835)(937)
Operating property expenses(1,904)(18,068)16,164 (18,068)(6,285)(11,783)
Property level contribution8,466 7,119 1,347 7,119 26,129 (19,010)
Property Level Contribution617,680 561,390 56,290 561,390 415,399 145,991 
Add: Lease termination income and other12,094 36,268 (24,174)36,268 6,555 29,713 
Less other expenses:
General and administrative(70,127)(56,796)(13,331)(56,796)(47,210)(9,586)
Impairment charges(35,830)(32,539)(3,291)(32,539)(4,790)(27,749)
Stock-based compensation expense(15,247)(13,248)(1,999)(13,248)(10,450)(2,798)
Corporate depreciation and amortization(4,102)(1,231)(2,871)(1,231)(1,289)58 
Merger and other expenses937 (101)1,038 (101)(41,426)41,325 
Other Income and Expenses
Interest expense(210,087)(233,325)23,238 (233,325)(178,375)(54,950)
Gain on sale of real estate, net109,370 18,143 91,227 18,143 118,605 (100,462)
Other gains and (losses)46,074 30,251 15,823 30,251 30,015 236 
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in
real estate		(9,017)2,361 (11,378)2,361 13,341 (10,980)
(Loss) gain on change in control of interests— (8,416)8,416 (8,416)18,792 (27,208)
(63,660)(190,986)127,326 (190,986)2,378 (193,364)
Income before income taxes441,745 302,757 138,988 302,757 319,167 (16,410)
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes18,498 (30,802)49,300 (30,802)844 (31,646)
Net Income from Real Estate460,243 271,955 188,288 271,955 320,011 (48,056)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(731)110 (841)110 (12,775)12,885 
Net Income from Real Estate Attributable to W. P. Carey$459,512 $272,065 $187,447 $272,065 $307,236 $(35,171)

Also refer to Note 17 for a table presenting the comparative results of our Real Estate segment.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 32

Property level contribution is a non-GAAP measure that we believe to be a useful supplemental measure for management and investors in evaluating and analyzing the financial results of our net-leased and operating properties included in our Real Estate segment over time. Property level contribution presents our lease and operating property revenues, less property expenses, reimbursable tenant costs, and depreciation and amortization. We believe that Property level contribution allows for meaningful comparison between periods of the direct costs of owning and operating our net-leased assets and operating properties. While we believe that Property level contribution is a useful supplemental measure, it should not be considered as an alternative to Net income from Real Estate attributable to W. P. Carey as an indication of our operating performance.

Existing Net-Leased Properties

Existing net-leased properties are those that we acquired or placed into service prior to January 1, 2018 and that were not sold or held for sale during the periods presented. For the periods presented, there were 766 existing net-leased properties.

2020 vs. 2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, lease revenues from existing net-leased properties increased by $8.7 million primarily due to the acceleration of above-market lease intangibles as a result of certain lease restructurings in 2019, $5.5 million related to scheduled rent increases, $3.7 million due to new leases, $2.9 million as a result of the strengthening of foreign currencies (primarily the euro) in relation to the U.S. dollar between the years, and $2.1 million related to completed construction projects on existing properties. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $13.9 million due to rents not collected as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic (including reimbursable tenant costs).

Property expenses from existing net-leased properties increased primarily due to tenant vacancies during 2019 and 2020 (which resulted in property expenses no longer being reimbursable), and certain reimbursable expenses being deemed not collectible as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Net-Leased Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger

Net-leased properties acquired in the CPA:17 Merger on October 31, 2018 (Note 3) consisted of 272 net-leased properties, as well as one property placed into service during the first quarter of 2019, which was an active build-to-suit project at the time of acquisition in the CPA:17 Merger. The 272 net-leased properties included 27 self-storage properties acquired in the CPA:17 Merger, which were reclassified from operating properties to net-leased properties during the year ended December 31, 2019 as a result of entering into net-lease agreements during the second quarter of 2019 (Note 5). For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, for these 27 properties, lease revenues increased by $10.3 million, depreciation and amortization decreased by $2.0 million (due to the in-place lease intangible assets recorded on certain of these 27 properties becoming fully amortized during 2020), and property expenses increased by $0.1 million, which is all captured within Net-Leased Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger.

Recently Acquired Net-Leased Properties

Recently acquired net-leased properties are those that we acquired or placed into service subsequent to December 31, 2017, excluding properties acquired in the CPA:17 Merger, and that were not sold or held for sale during the periods presented. Since January 1, 2018, we acquired 52 investments, comprised of 169 properties, and placed four properties into service.

Existing Operating Property

We have one hotel operating property with results of operations reflected in all periods presented. We exclude two self-storage properties acquired in 2018 from this section since they are accounted for under the equity method.

For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, for our existing operating property, revenues decreased by $11.0 million and expenses decreased by $6.0 million due to the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel’s operations.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 33

Operating Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger

Operating properties acquired in the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3) consisted of ten self-storage properties (which excludes seven self-storage properties acquired in the CPA:17 Merger accounted for under the equity method). Aside from these ten operating properties, we acquired 27 self-storage properties in the CPA:17 Merger, which were reclassified from operating properties to net-leased properties during the year ended December 31, 2019, as described in Net-Leased Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger above. For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, for these 27 properties, operating property revenues decreased by $14.9 million, depreciation and amortization decreased by $14.5 million, and operating property expenses decreased by $6.0 million, which is all captured within Operating Properties Acquired in the CPA:17 Merger. In January 2020, we sold a hotel operating property, which was acquired in the CPA:17 Merger and is included in Properties Sold or Held for Sale below.

Properties Sold or Held for Sale

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we disposed of 22 properties, including the sale of one of our two hotel operating properties in January 2020. At December 31, 2020, we had four properties classified as held for sale (Note 5), one of which was sold in January 2021 (Note 19).

During the year ended December 31, 2019, we disposed of 22 properties, including the repayment of a loan receivable.

In addition to the impact on property level contribution related to properties we sold or classified as held for sale during the periods presented, we recognized gain (loss) on sale of real estate, impairment charges, and gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt. The impact of these transactions is described in further detail below and in Note 16.

Other Revenues and Expenses

Lease Termination Income and Other

Lease termination income and other is described in Note 5 and Note 6.

General and Administrative and Corporate Depreciation and Amortization

Beginning with the second quarter of 2020, general and administrative expenses attributed to our Investment Management segment are comprised of the incremental costs of providing services to the Managed Programs, which are fully reimbursed by those funds (resulting in no net expense for us). All other general and administrative expenses are attributed to our Real Estate segment. Previously, general and administrative expenses were allocated based on time incurred by our personnel for the Real Estate and Investment Management segments. In addition, beginning with the second quarter of 2020, corporate depreciation and amortization expense is fully recognized within our Real Estate segment. In light of the termination of the advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the WLT management internalization (Note 4), we now view essentially all assets, liabilities, and operational expenses as part of our Real Estate segment, other than incremental activities that are expected to wind down as we manage CPA:18 – Global and CESH through the end of their respective life cycles (Note 2). This change between the segments had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

2020 vs. 2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, general and administrative expenses in our Real Estate segment increased by $13.3 million, primarily due to the change in methodology for allocation of expenses between our Real Estate and Investment Management segments discussed above.

Impairment Charges

Our impairment charges are described in Note 9.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 34

Stock-based Compensation Expense

For a description of our equity plans and awards, please see Note 14. Beginning with the second quarter of 2020, stock-based compensation expense is fully recognized within our Real Estate segment. In light of the termination of the advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the WLT management internalization (Note 4), we believe that this allocation methodology is appropriate, as described above (Note 2). This change between the segments had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

2020 vs. 2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, stock-based compensation expense allocated to the Real Estate segment increased by $2.0 million, primarily due to the change in methodology for allocation of expenses between our Real Estate and Investment Management segments discussed above, partially offset by a lower projected payout for performance share units (“PSUs”) granted in 2019 and 2018.

Interest Expense

2020 vs. 2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, interest expense decreased by $23.2 million, primarily due to the reduction of our mortgage debt outstanding by prepaying or repaying at or close to maturity a total of $1.5 billion of non-recourse mortgage loans with a weighted-average interest rate of 4.6% since January 1, 2019 (Note 11), partially offset by three offerings of senior unsecured notes totaling $1.4 billion (based on the exchange rate of the euro on the dates of issuance for our euro-denominated senior unsecured notes) with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.3% completed in 2019 and 2020. Our average outstanding debt balance was $6.4 billion and $6.3 billion during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our weighted-average interest rate was 3.0% and 3.4% during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Gain on Sale of Real Estate, Net

Gain on sale of real estate, net, consists of gain on the sale of properties that were disposed of during the reporting period. Our dispositions are more fully described in Note 16.

Other Gains and (Losses)

Other gains and (losses) primarily consists of gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, derivative instruments, and extinguishment of debt. All of our foreign currency-denominated unsecured debt instruments were designated as net investment hedges during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Therefore, no gains and losses on foreign currency transactions were recognized on the remeasurement of such instruments during those periods (Note 10). We also make certain foreign currency-denominated intercompany loans to a number of our foreign subsidiaries, most of which do not have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. Remeasurement of foreign currency intercompany transactions that are scheduled for settlement, consisting primarily of accrued interest and short-term loans, are included in the determination of net income. We recognize allowances for credit losses on finance receivables within Other gains and (losses) (Note 2, Note 6). In addition, we have certain derivative instruments, including common stock warrants, that are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes, for which realized and unrealized gains and losses are included in earnings. We also recognize unrealized gains and losses on movements in the fair value of certain investments within Other gains and (losses). The timing and amount of such gains or losses cannot always be estimated and are subject to fluctuation.

2020 — For the year ended December 31, 2020, net other gains were $46.1 million. During the year, we recognized non-cash unrealized gains of $48.3 million related to an increase in the fair value of our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 9), unrealized gains of $11.0 million on foreign currency transactions as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, and realized gains of $8.2 million related to the settlement of foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency collars. These gains were partially offset by a non-cash net allowance for credit losses of $22.3 million (Note 6).

2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2019, net other gains were $30.3 million. During the year, we recognized non-cash unrealized gains of $32.9 million related to an increase in the fair value of our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 9) and realized gains of $16.4 million related to the settlement of foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency collars. These gains were partially offset by a net loss on extinguishment of debt totaling $14.8 million related to the prepayment of mortgage loans (primarily comprised of prepayment penalties) (Note 11) and net realized and unrealized losses of $4.9 million on foreign currency transactions as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 35

Equity in (Losses) Earnings of Equity Method Investments in Real Estate

For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized equity in losses of equity method investments in real estate of $9.0 million, compared to equity in earnings of equity method investments in real estate of $2.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2019. During 2020, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $8.3 million on an equity method investment in real estate to reduce the carrying value of the investment to its estimated fair value (Note 8, Note 9). In addition, we recognized a $5.0 million loss from our equity investment in WLT during 2020 (due to the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its operations), partially offset by an increase in equity earnings of $1.9 million from our equity investment in a portfolio of self-storage properties (as a result of an increase in occupancy rates).

(Loss) Gain on Change in Control of Interests

2019 — During the third quarter of 2019, we identified certain measurement period adjustments that impacted the provisional accounting for an investment we acquired in the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3), in which we had a joint interest and accounted for under the equity method pre-merger. As a result, we recorded a loss on change in control of interests of $8.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2019, reflecting adjustments to the difference between our carrying value and the preliminary estimated fair value of this former equity interest on October 31, 2018 (the date of the CPA:17 Merger). Subsequent to the CPA:17 Merger, we consolidated this wholly owned investment.

Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes

2020 vs. 2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded a benefit from income taxes of $18.5 million, compared to a provision for income taxes of $30.8 million recognized during the year ended December 31, 2019 within our Real Estate segment. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a deferred tax benefit of $37.2 million as a result of the release of a deferred tax liability relating to our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 15), which converted to a REIT during the current year and is therefore no longer subject to federal and state income taxes. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized deferred tax expenses totaling approximately $8.6 million as a result of the increase in the fair value of our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics, as described above under Other Gains and (Losses).

Investment Management

We earn revenue as the advisor to the Managed Programs. For the periods presented, we acted as advisor to the following Managed Programs: CPA:17 – Global (through October 31, 2018), CPA:18 – Global, CWI 1 (through April 13, 2020), CWI 2 (through April 13, 2020), and CESH. The CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger closed on April 13, 2020, and as a result, the advisory agreements with each of CWI 1 and CWI 2 terminated and CWI 2 was renamed Watermark Lodging Trust, Inc., for which we provide certain services pursuant to a transition services agreement (Note 4).

We no longer raise capital for new or existing funds, but we currently expect to continue managing CPA:18 – Global and CESH and earn the various fees described below through the end of their respective life cycles (Note 1, Note 4). As of December 31, 2020, we managed total assets of approximately $2.8 billion on behalf of the Managed Programs.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 36

Below is a summary of comparative results of our Investment Management segment (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
20202019Change20192018Change
Revenues
Asset management revenue
CPA:17 – Global$— $— $— $— $24,884 $(24,884)
CPA:18 – Global11,914 11,539 375 11,539 12,087 (548)
CWI 13,795 14,052 (10,257)14,052 14,136 (84)
CWI 23,071 10,734 (7,663)10,734 10,400 334 
CESH3,193 2,807 386 2,807 2,049 758 
21,973 39,132 (17,159)39,132 63,556 (24,424)
Reimbursable costs from affiliates
CPA:17 – Global— — — — 6,233 (6,233)
CPA:18 – Global2,854 3,934 (1,080)3,934 4,207 (273)
CWI 11,867 6,936 (5,069)6,936 6,653 283 
CWI 21,301 4,364 (3,063)4,364 4,171 193 
CESH1,170 1,313 (143)1,313 661 652 
WLT1,663 — 1,663 — — — 
8,855 16,547 (7,692)16,547 21,925 (5,378)
Structuring and other advisory revenue
CPA:17 – Global— — — — 1,184 (1,184)
CPA:18 – Global198 2,322 (2,124)2,322 18,900 (16,578)
CWI 1— 1,365 (1,365)1,365 953 412 
CWI 2296 225 71 225 245 (20)
CESH— 312 (312)312 (156)468 
494 4,224 (3,730)4,224 21,126 (16,902)
31,322 59,903 (28,581)59,903 106,607 (46,704)
Operating Expenses
Reimbursable costs from affiliates8,855 16,547 (7,692)16,547 21,925 (5,378)
General and administrative5,823 18,497 (12,674)18,497 21,127 (2,630)
Subadvisor fees1,469 7,579 (6,110)7,579 9,240 (1,661)
Merger and other expenses1,184 — 1,184 — — — 
Depreciation and amortization987 3,835 (2,848)3,835 3,979 (144)
Stock-based compensation expense691 5,539 (4,848)5,539 7,844 (2,305)
19,009 51,997 (32,988)51,997 64,115 (12,118)
Other Income and Expenses
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method
investments in the Managed Programs		(9,540)20,868 (30,408)20,868 48,173 (27,305)
Other gains and (losses)678 1,224 (546)1,224 (102)1,326 
Gain on change in control of interests— — — — 29,022 (29,022)
(8,862)22,092 (30,954)22,092 77,093 (55,001)
Income before income taxes3,451 29,998 (26,547)29,998 119,585 (89,587)
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes2,261 4,591 (2,330)4,591 (15,255)19,846 
Net Income from Investment Management5,712 34,589 (28,877)34,589 104,330 (69,741)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(9,865)(1,411)(8,454)(1,411)— (1,411)
Net (Loss) Income from Investment Management Attributable to W. P. Carey$(4,153)$33,178 $(37,331)$33,178 $104,330 $(71,152)

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 37

Asset Management Revenue
 
During the periods presented, we earned asset management revenue from (i) CPA:17 – Global, prior to the CPA:17 Merger, and CPA:18 – Global based on the value of their real estate-related assets under management, (ii) the CWI REITs, prior to the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, based on the value of their lodging-related assets under management, and (iii) CESH based on its gross assets under management at fair value. Asset management revenue may increase or decrease depending upon changes in the Managed Programs’ asset bases as a result of purchases, sales, or changes in the appraised value of the real estate-related and lodging-related assets in their investment portfolios. For 2020, (i) we received asset management fees from CPA:18 – Global 50% in cash and 50% in shares of its common stock through March 31, 2020; effective as of April 1, 2020, we receive asset management fees from CPA:18 – Global in shares of its common stock, (ii) we primarily received asset management fees from the CWI REITs in shares of their common stock through April 13, 2020 (the date of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger), and (iii) we received asset management fees from CESH in cash.

Structuring and Other Advisory Revenue
 
We earn structuring and other advisory revenue when we structure new investments on behalf of the Managed Programs. Since we no longer raise capital for new or existing funds, and we no longer serve as advisor to CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 4), structuring and other advisory revenue is expected to be insignificant going forward.
 
2020 — For the year ended December 31, 2020, structuring and other advisory revenue was comprised of $0.3 million for structuring a mortgage refinancing on behalf of CWI 2 and $0.2 million related to increases in build-to-suit funding commitments for certain CPA:18 – Global investments.

2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2019, structuring and other advisory revenue was primarily comprised of $2.3 million for structuring an investment in a new student housing development project on behalf of CPA:18 – Global and $1.6 million substantially for structuring mortgage refinancings on behalf of the CWI REITs.

General and Administrative, Depreciation and Amortization, and Stock-based Compensation Expense
 
Beginning with the second quarter of 2020, general and administrative expenses attributed to our Investment Management segment are comprised of the incremental costs of providing services to the Managed Programs, which are fully reimbursed by those funds (resulting in no net expense for us). All other general and administrative expenses are attributed to our Real Estate segment. Previously, general and administrative expenses were allocated based on time incurred by our personnel for the Real Estate and Investment Management segments. In addition, beginning with the second quarter of 2020, stock-based compensation expense and corporate depreciation and amortization expense are fully recognized within our Real Estate segment. In light of the termination of the advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the WLT management internalization (Note 4), we now view essentially all assets, liabilities, and operational expenses as part of our Real Estate segment, other than incremental activities that are expected to wind down as we manage CPA:18 – Global and CESH through the end of their respective life cycles (Note 2). These changes between the segments had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

As discussed in Note 4, certain personnel costs and overhead costs are charged to the remaining Managed Programs and reimbursed to us in accordance with their respective advisory agreements. In addition, following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020, we began recording reimbursements from WLT within our Investment Management segment pursuant to a transition services agreement.

Subadvisor Fees

Pursuant to the terms of the subadvisory agreements we had with the third-party subadvisors in connection with both CWI 1 and CWI 2, we paid a subadvisory fee equal to 20% of the amount of fees paid to us by CWI 1 and 25% of the amount of fees paid to us by CWI 2, including but not limited to: acquisition fees, asset management fees, loan refinancing fees, property management fees, and subordinated disposition fees, each as defined in the advisory agreements we had with each of CWI 1 and CWI 2. We also paid to each subadvisor 20% and 25% of the net proceeds resulting from any sale, financing, or recapitalization or sale of securities of CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively, by us, the advisor. Upon completion of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020 (Note 4), the subadvisory agreements were terminated, and we no longer pay subadvisory fees.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 38

Equity in (Losses) Earnings of Equity Method Investments in the Managed Programs

Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs is recognized in accordance with GAAP (Note 8). In addition, we are entitled to receive distributions of Available Cash (Note 4) from the operating partnership of CPA:18 – Global. The net income of our unconsolidated investments fluctuates based on the timing of transactions, such as new leases and property sales, as well as the level of impairment charges. The following table presents the details of our Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the
Managed Programs:
Other-than-temporary impairment charges on our equity method investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 (a)
$(47,112)$— $— 
Gain on redemption of special general partner interests in CWI 1 and CWI 2, net (b)
33,009 — — 
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the
   Managed Programs (c)
(2,662)(621)1,564 
Distributions of Available Cash: (d)
CPA:17 – Global (e)
— — 26,308 
CPA:18 – Global7,225 8,132 9,692 
CWI 1— 7,095 5,142 
CWI 2— 6,262 5,467 
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the
Managed Programs		$(9,540)$20,868 $48,173 
__________
(a)During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges of $27.8 million and $19.3 million on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively, to reduce the carrying values of our investments to their estimated fair values, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which had an adverse effect on the operations of CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 9).
(b)Immediately following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, in connection with the redemption of the special general partner interests that we previously held in CWI 1 and CWI 2, we recognized a non-cash net gain on sale of $33.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2020 (Note 4, Note 7).
(c)Decrease for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019 was due to decreases of $0.7 million, $0.7 million, and $0.6 million from our investments in shares of CWI 2, CWI 1, and CPA:18 – Global common stock, respectively.
(d)We are entitled to receive distributions of up to 10% of the Available Cash from the operating partnership of CPA:18 – Global, as defined in its operating partnership agreement (Note 4). We no longer receive distributions of Available Cash from CWI 1 and CWI 2 as a result of the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020 (Note 4), prior to which we were required to pay 20% and 25% of such distributions to the subadvisors of CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively. Distributions of Available Cash received and earned from the Managed REITs fluctuate based on the timing of certain events, including acquisitions and dispositions.
(e)As a result of the completion of the CPA:17 Merger on October 31, 2018 (Note 3), we no longer recognize equity income from our investment in shares of common stock of CPA:17 – Global or receive distributions of Available Cash from CPA: 17 – Global.

Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes

2020 vs. 2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, benefit from income taxes within our Investment Management segment decreased by $2.3 million. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized (i) deferred tax expense of $8.3 million due to the establishment of a valuation allowance since we do not expect our Investment Management segment to realize its deferred tax assets, (ii) a deferred tax benefit of $6.3 million as a result of the other-than-temporary impairment charges that we recognized on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 during 2020 (Note 9), and (iii) a current tax benefit of $4.7 million as a result of carrying back certain net operating losses in accordance with the CARES Act that was enacted on March 27, 2020 (Note 15). During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized a current tax benefit of approximately $6.3 million due to a change in tax position for state and local taxes.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 39

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests

2020 — For the year ended December 31, 2020, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests within our Investment Management segment was comprised of a gain of $9.9 million recognized on the redemption of the noncontrolling interest in the special general partner interests previously held by the respective subadvisors for CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (Note 4).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources and Uses of Cash During the Year

We use the cash flow generated from our investments primarily to meet our operating expenses, service debt, and fund dividends to stockholders. Our cash flows fluctuate periodically due to a number of factors, which may include, among other things: the timing of our equity and debt offerings; the timing of purchases and sales of real estate; the timing of the repayment of mortgage loans and receipt of lease revenues; the timing and amount of other lease-related payments; the timing of settlement of foreign currency transactions; changes in foreign currency exchange rates; the receipt of asset management fees in either shares of the common stock of CPA:18 – Global or cash; the timing of distributions from equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate; and the receipt of distributions of Available Cash from CPA:18 – Global. Despite these fluctuations, we believe that we will generate sufficient cash from operations to meet our normal recurring short-term and long-term liquidity needs. We may also use existing cash resources, available capacity under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility, proceeds from dispositions of properties, and the issuance of additional debt or equity securities, such as issuances of common stock through our forward sale agreements and ATM Program (Note 13), in order to meet these needs. We assess our ability to access capital on an ongoing basis. Our sources and uses of cash during the period are described below.

Operating Activities — Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $10.5 million during 2020 as compared to 2019, primarily due to the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rent collections, proceeds from a bankruptcy claim on a prior tenant received during 2019, and the cessation of distributions of Available Cash from CWI 1 and CWI 2 following the WLT management internalization (Note 4), partially offset by a decrease in interest expense, an increase in cash flow generated from net investment activity, and scheduled rent increases at existing properties.

Investing Activities — Our investing activities are generally comprised of real estate-related transactions (purchases and sales) and capitalized property-related costs. In addition to these types of transactions, during the year ended December 31, 2020, we purchased additional shares of Lineage Logistics for $95.5 million (Note 9). We also used $26.5 million to fund short-term loans to the Managed Programs, while $51.7 million of such loans were repaid during the year (Note 4). Additionally, we received $19.5 million in distributions from equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate.

Financing Activities — Our financing activities are generally comprised of borrowings and repayments under our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, issuances of the Senior Unsecured Notes, payments and prepayments of non-recourse mortgage loans, and payments of dividends to stockholders. In addition to these types of transactions, during the year ended December 31, 2020, we drew down $299.0 million under our Unsecured Term Loans (Note 11). We incurred financing costs totaling $14.2 million in connection with the amendment and restatement of our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility in February 2020 and the issuance of the 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031 in October 2020 (Note 11). We also received $199.7 million in net proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our forward sale agreements (Note 13).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 40

Summary of Financing
 
The table below summarizes our Senior Unsecured Notes, our non-recourse mortgages, and our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility (dollars in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Carrying Value
Fixed rate:
Senior Unsecured Notes (a)
$5,146,192 $4,390,189 
Non-recourse mortgages (a)
920,378 1,232,898 
6,066,570 5,623,087 
Variable rate:
Unsecured Term Loans (a)
321,971 — 
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility82,281 201,267 
Non-recourse mortgages (a):
Amount subject to interest rate swaps and caps147,094 157,518 
Floating interest rate mortgage loans78,082 72,071 
629,428 430,856 
$6,695,998 $6,053,943 
Percent of Total Debt
Fixed rate91 %93 %
Variable rate9 %7 %
 100 %100 %
Weighted-Average Interest Rate at End of Year
Fixed rate3.0 %3.3 %
Variable rate (b)
1.6 %2.1 %
Total debt2.9 %3.2 %
 
____________
(a)Aggregate debt balance includes unamortized discount, net, totaling $28.3 million and $26.7 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and unamortized deferred financing costs totaling $24.3 million and $23.4 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(b)The impact of our derivative instruments is reflected in the weighted-average interest rates.

Cash Resources
 
At December 31, 2020, our cash resources consisted of the following:
 
•cash and cash equivalents totaling $248.7 million. Of this amount, $103.0 million, at then-current exchange rates, was held in foreign subsidiaries, and we could be subject to restrictions or significant costs should we decide to repatriate these amounts;
•our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, with available capacity of $1.7 billion (net of amounts reserved for standby letters of credit totaling $20.9 million); and
•unleveraged properties that had an aggregate asset carrying value of $10.1 billion at December 31, 2020, although there can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain financing for these properties.
 
Historically, we have also accessed the capital markets through additional debt and equity offerings, such as the issuance of Senior Unsecured Notes (denominated in both U.S. dollars and euros), including the $500.0 million of 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031 that we issued in October 2020 (Note 11), and the shares of common stock issued under our equity forward offering and ATM Programs. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we issued 2,951,791 shares of common stock under our forward sale agreements for net proceeds of $199.7 million. As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately $163.2 million of
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 41

available proceeds under our forward sale agreements and $616.5 million remained available for issuance under our current ATM Program (Note 13).

Our cash resources can be used for working capital needs and other commitments and may be used for future investments.

Cash Requirements and Liquidity
 
As of December 31, 2020, we had $248.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, approximately $1.7 billion of available capacity under our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (net of amounts reserved for standby letters of credit totaling $20.9 million), and available proceeds under our forward sale agreements of approximately $163.2 million (based on 2,510,709 remaining shares outstanding and a net offering price of $65.02 as of that date). Our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility, which we amended and restated on February 20, 2020, includes a $1.8 billion Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility and Unsecured Term Loans outstanding totaling $322.0 million as of December 31, 2020 (Note 11), and is scheduled to mature on February 20, 2025. As of December 31, 2020, scheduled debt principal payments total $90.6 million through December 31, 2021 and $447.6 million through December 31, 2022, and our Senior Unsecured Notes do not start to mature until January 2023 (Note 11).

During the next 12 months following the date of this Report, we expect that our cash requirements will include funding capital commitments such as construction projects; paying dividends to our stockholders; making scheduled interest payments on the Senior Unsecured Notes and scheduled principal and balloon payments on our mortgage loan obligations; and other normal recurring operating expenses. We expect to fund these cash requirements through cash generated from operations, cash received from dispositions of properties, the use of our cash reserves or unused amounts on our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (as described above), issuances of common stock through our forward sale agreements and/or ATM Program (Note 13), and potential issuances of additional debt or equity securities. We may also choose to pursue the acquisitions of new investments and prepayments of certain of our non-recourse mortgage loan obligations, depending on our capital needs and improvements in current market conditions.

Our liquidity could be adversely affected by unanticipated costs, greater-than-anticipated operating expenses, and the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. To the extent that our working capital reserve is insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, additional funds may be provided from cash from operations to meet our normal recurring short-term and long-term liquidity needs. We may also use existing cash resources, available capacity under our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, mortgage loan proceeds, and the issuance of additional debt or equity securities to meet these needs. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our liquidity and debt covenants will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our tenants and properties could also have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and debt covenants.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

The table below summarizes our debt, off-balance sheet arrangements, and other contractual obligations (primarily our capital commitments) at December 31, 2020 and the effect that these arrangements and obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in the specified future periods (in thousands):
TotalLess than
1 year		1-3 years3-5 yearsMore than
5 years
Senior Unsecured Notes — principal (a) (b)
$5,192,749 $— $613,550 $1,563,550 $3,015,649 
Non-recourse mortgages — principal (a)
1,150,424 90,624 796,131 222,228 41,441 
Senior Unsecured Credit Facility — principal (c)
405,433 — — 405,433 — 
Interest on borrowings (d)
895,821 194,938 339,668 201,617 159,598 
Capital commitments and tenant expansion allowances (e)
124,240 96,713 19,509 3,000 5,018 
 $7,768,667 $382,275 $1,768,858 $2,395,828 $3,221,706 
 
___________
(a)Excludes unamortized deferred financing costs totaling $24.3 million, the unamortized discount on the Senior Unsecured Notes of $22.5 million in aggregate, and the aggregate unamortized fair market value discount of $4.5 million, primarily resulting from the assumption of property-level debt in connection with business combinations, including the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3).
(b)Our Senior Unsecured Notes are scheduled to mature from 2023 through 2031 (Note 11).
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 42

(c)Our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility is scheduled to mature on February 20, 2025.
(d)Interest on unhedged variable-rate debt obligations was calculated using the applicable annual variable interest rates and balances outstanding at December 31, 2020.
(e)Capital commitments include (i) $81.8 million related to build-to-suit projects, including $11.5 million related to projects for which the tenant has not exercised the associated construction option, and (ii) $42.4 million related to unfunded tenant improvements, including certain discretionary commitments.

Amounts in the table above that relate to our foreign operations are based on the exchange rate of the local currencies at December 31, 2020, which consisted primarily of the euro. At December 31, 2020, we had no material capital lease obligations for which we were the lessee, either individually or in the aggregate.

Environmental Obligations

In connection with the purchase of many of our properties, we required the sellers to perform environmental reviews. We believe, based on the results of these reviews, that our properties were in substantial compliance with federal, state, and foreign environmental statutes at the time the properties were acquired. However, portions of certain properties have been subject to some degree of contamination, principally in connection with leakage from underground storage tanks, surface spills, or other on-site activities. In most instances where contamination has been identified, tenants are actively engaged in the remediation process and addressing identified conditions. We believe that the ultimate resolution of any environmental matters should not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations. We record environmental obligations within Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. See Item 1A. Risk Factors for further discussion of potential environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates
 
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2. Many of these accounting policies require judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions when applying these policies in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate these estimates and judgments based on historical experience as well as other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates are subject to change in the future if underlying assumptions or factors change. Certain accounting policies, while significant, may not require the use of estimates. Those accounting policies that require significant estimation and/or judgment are described under Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in Note 2. The proposed accounting changes that may potentially impact our business are described under Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Note 2.

Supplemental Financial Measures
 
In the real estate industry, analysts and investors employ certain non-GAAP supplemental financial measures in order to facilitate meaningful comparisons between periods and among peer companies. Additionally, in the formulation of our goals and in the evaluation of the effectiveness of our strategies, we use Funds from Operations (“FFO”) and AFFO, which are non-GAAP measures defined by our management. We believe that these measures are useful to investors to consider because they may assist them to better understand and measure the performance of our business over time and against similar companies. A description of FFO and AFFO and reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are provided below.
 
Funds from Operations and Adjusted Funds from Operations
 
Due to certain unique operating characteristics of real estate companies, as discussed below, the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. (“NAREIT”), an industry trade group, has promulgated a non-GAAP measure known as FFO, which we believe to be an appropriate supplemental measure, when used in addition to and in conjunction with results presented in accordance with GAAP, to reflect the operating performance of a REIT. The use of FFO is recommended by the REIT industry as a supplemental non-GAAP measure. FFO is not equivalent to, nor a substitute for, net income or loss as determined under GAAP.
 
We define FFO, a non-GAAP measure, consistent with the standards established by the White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of Governors of NAREIT, as restated in December 2018. The White Paper defines FFO as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses from sales of property, impairment charges on real estate, gains or losses on changes in control of interests in real estate, and depreciation and amortization from real estate assets; and after adjustments
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 43

for unconsolidated partnerships and jointly owned investments. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and jointly owned investments are calculated to reflect FFO.

We also modify the NAREIT computation of FFO to adjust GAAP net income for certain non-cash charges, such as amortization of real estate-related intangibles, deferred income tax benefits and expenses, straight-line rent and related reserves, other non-cash rent adjustments, non-cash allowance for credit losses on loans receivable and direct financing leases, stock-based compensation, non-cash environmental accretion expense, and amortization of deferred financing costs. Our assessment of our operations is focused on long-term sustainability and not on such non-cash items, which may cause short-term fluctuations in net income but have no impact on cash flows. Additionally, we exclude non-core income and expenses, such as gains or losses from extinguishment of debt, and merger and acquisition expenses. We also exclude realized and unrealized gains/losses on foreign currency exchange transactions (other than those realized on the settlement of foreign currency derivatives), which are not considered fundamental attributes of our business plan and do not affect our overall long-term operating performance. We refer to our modified definition of FFO as AFFO. We exclude these items from GAAP net income to arrive at AFFO as they are not the primary drivers in our decision-making process and excluding these items provides investors a view of our portfolio performance over time and makes it more comparable to other REITs that are currently not engaged in acquisitions, mergers, and restructuring, which are not part of our normal business operations. AFFO also reflects adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and jointly owned investments. We use AFFO as one measure of our operating performance when we formulate corporate goals, evaluate the effectiveness of our strategies, and determine executive compensation.

We believe that AFFO is a useful supplemental measure for investors to consider as we believe it will help them to better assess the sustainability of our operating performance without the potentially distorting impact of these short-term fluctuations. However, there are limits on the usefulness of AFFO to investors. For example, impairment charges and unrealized foreign currency losses that we exclude may become actual realized losses upon the ultimate disposition of the properties in the form of lower cash proceeds or other considerations. We use our FFO and AFFO measures as supplemental financial measures of operating performance. We do not use our FFO and AFFO measures as, nor should they be considered to be, alternatives to net income computed under GAAP, or as alternatives to net cash provided by operating activities computed under GAAP, or as indicators of our ability to fund our cash needs.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 44

Consolidated FFO and AFFO were as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey$455,359 $305,243 $411,566 
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization of real property437,885 442,096 286,164 
Gain on sale of real estate, net(109,370)(18,143)(118,605)
Impairment charges35,830 32,539 4,790 
Loss (gain) on change in control of interests (a)
— 8,416 (47,814)
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities (b) (c) (d) (e)
46,679 15,826 4,728 
Proportionate share of adjustments for noncontrolling interests (f)
(18)(69)(8,966)
Total adjustments411,006 480,665 120,297 
FFO (as defined by NAREIT) attributable to W. P. Carey866,365 785,908 531,863 
Adjustments:
Tax (benefit) expense — deferred and other (g) (h) (i) (j)
(48,835)5,974 1,079 
Above- and below-market rent intangible lease amortization, net48,712 64,383 52,314 
Straight-line and other rent adjustments (k)
(41,498)(31,787)(14,460)
Other (gains) and losses (l)
(37,165)(8,924)(15,704)
Stock-based compensation15,938 18,787 18,294 
Amortization of deferred financing costs12,223 11,714 6,184 
Other amortization and non-cash items1,864 3,198 920 
Merger and other expenses247 101 41,426 
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities (e) (m)
10,821 7,165 12,439 
Proportionate share of adjustments for noncontrolling interests (f)
414 (49)231 
Total adjustments(37,279)70,562 102,723 
AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey$829,086 $856,470 $634,586 
Summary
FFO (as defined by NAREIT) attributable to W. P. Carey$866,365 $785,908 $531,863 
AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey$829,086 $856,470 $634,586 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 45

FFO and AFFO from Real Estate were as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Net income from Real Estate attributable to W. P. Carey$459,512 $272,065 $307,236 
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization of real property437,885 442,096 286,164 
Gain on sale of real estate, net(109,370)(18,143)(118,605)
Impairment charges35,830 32,539 4,790 
Loss (gain) on change in control of interests (a)
— 8,416 (18,792)
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities (d) (e)
22,036 15,826 4,728 
Proportionate share of adjustments for noncontrolling interests (f)
(18)(69)(8,966)
Total adjustments386,363 480,665 149,319 
FFO (as defined by NAREIT) attributable to W. P. Carey — Real Estate845,875 752,730 456,555 
Adjustments:
Above- and below-market rent intangible lease amortization, net48,712 64,383 52,314 
Tax (benefit) expense — deferred and other (h)
(45,511)7,971 (18,790)
Straight-line and other rent adjustments (k)
(41,498)(31,787)(14,460)
Other (gains) and losses (l)
(37,104)(9,773)(18,025)
Stock-based compensation15,247 13,248 10,450 
Amortization of deferred financing costs12,223 11,714 6,184 
Other amortization and non-cash items1,665 2,540 330 
Merger and other expenses(937)101 41,426 
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities (e) (m)
5,089 115 287 
Proportionate share of adjustments for noncontrolling interests (f)
414 (49)231 
Total adjustments(41,700)58,463 59,947 
AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey — Real Estate$804,175 $811,193 $516,502 
Summary
FFO (as defined by NAREIT) attributable to W. P. Carey — Real Estate$845,875 $752,730 $456,555 
AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey — Real Estate$804,175 $811,193 $516,502 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 46

FFO and AFFO from Investment Management were as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Net (loss) income from Investment Management attributable to W. P. Carey$(4,153)$33,178 $104,330 
Adjustments:
Gain on change in control of interests— — (29,022)
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities (b) (c) (e)
24,643 — — 
Total adjustments24,643 — (29,022)
FFO (as defined by NAREIT) attributable to W. P. Carey — Investment Management20,490 33,178 75,308 
Adjustments:
Tax (benefit) expense — deferred and other (g) (i) (j)
(3,324)(1,997)19,869 
Merger and other expenses1,184 — — 
Stock-based compensation691 5,539 7,844 
Other amortization and non-cash items199 658 590 
Other (gains) and losses (l)
(61)849 2,321 
Proportionate share of adjustments to equity in net income of partially owned entities (e) (m)
5,732 7,050 12,152 
Total adjustments4,421 12,099 42,776 
AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey — Investment Management$24,911 $45,277 $118,084 
Summary
FFO (as defined by NAREIT) attributable to W. P. Carey — Investment Management$20,490 $33,178 $75,308 
AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey — Investment Management$24,911 $45,277 $118,084 
__________
(a)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2019 represents a loss recognized on the purchase of the remaining interest in a real estate investment from CPA:17 – Global in the CPA:17 Merger, which we had previously accounted for under the equity method. We recognized this loss because we identified certain measurement period adjustments during the third quarter of 2019 that impacted the provisional accounting for this investment (Note 3, Note 6).
(b)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes a non-cash net gain of $33.0 million (inclusive of $9.9 million attributable to the redemption of a noncontrolling interest that the former subadvisors for CWI 1 and CWI 2 held in the special general partner interests) recognized in connection with consideration received at closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (Note 4, Note 7).
(c)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes non-cash other-than-temporary impairment charges totaling $47.1 million recognized on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 9).
(d)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes a non-cash other-than-temporary impairment charge of $8.3 million recognized on an equity method investment in real estate (Note 8, Note 9).
(e)Equity income, including amounts that are not typically recognized for FFO and AFFO, is recognized within Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate on the consolidated statements of income. This represents adjustments to equity income to reflect FFO and AFFO on a pro rata basis.
(f)Adjustments disclosed elsewhere in this reconciliation are on a consolidated basis. This adjustment reflects our FFO or AFFO on a pro rata basis.
(g)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes one-time taxes incurred upon the recognition of taxable income associated with the accelerated vesting of shares previously issued by CWI 1 and CWI 2 to us for asset management services performed, in connection with the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger.
(h)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes a non-cash deferred tax benefit of $37.2 million as a result of the release of a deferred tax liability relating to our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics, which converted to a REIT during the current year and is therefore no longer subject to federal and state income taxes (Note 15). In addition, amount for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes deferred tax expenses totaling approximately $8.6 million as a result of the increase in the fair value of our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 9).
(i)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes a one-time tax benefit of $4.7 million as a result of carrying back certain net operating losses in accordance with the CARES Act, which was enacted on March 27, 2020 (Note 15).
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 47

(j)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes a current tax benefit, which is excluded from AFFO as it was incurred as a result of the CPA:17 Merger.
(k)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes a straight-line rent adjustment of $16.8 million for a property that was sold in December 2019 and an adjustment to exclude $6.2 million of non-cash lease termination revenue, which will be collected and reflected within AFFO over the remaining master lease term ($1.6 million was recognized in 2020).
(l)Primarily comprised of unrealized gains and losses on derivatives, non-cash allowance for credit losses on loans receivable and direct financing leases, and gains and losses from foreign currency movements, extinguishment of debt, and marketable securities. Amounts from period to period will not be comparable due to unpredictable fluctuations in these gains and losses.
(m)Beginning with the first quarter of 2020, this adjustment includes distributions received from CWI 1 and CWI 2 for both AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey and AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey — Investment Management (through April 13, 2020, the closing date of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger) and from WLT for both AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey and AFFO attributable to W. P. Carey — Real Estate (after April 13, 2020) in place of our pro rata share of net income from our ownership of shares of CWI 1, CWI 2, and WLT, as applicable. We did not receive any such distributions during the second, third, or fourth quarters of 2020, due to the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.
 
While we believe that FFO and AFFO are important supplemental measures, they should not be considered as alternatives to net income as an indication of a company’s operating performance. These non-GAAP measures should be used in conjunction with net income as defined by GAAP. FFO and AFFO, or similarly titled measures disclosed by other REITs, may not be comparable to our FFO and AFFO measures.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 48

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
 
Market Risk
 
Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, and equity prices. The primary market risks that we are exposed to are interest rate risk and foreign currency exchange risk; however, we do not use derivative instruments to hedge credit/market risks or for speculative purposes. From time to time, we may enter into foreign currency collars to hedge our foreign currency cash flow exposures.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic both in the Unites States and globally continues to cause uncertainty and volatility in financial markets, including interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The outbreak is expected to have a continued adverse impact on market conditions for the foreseeable future and has triggered a period of global economic slowdown with no known duration. At December 31, 2020, our net-lease portfolio (which excludes operating properties) had the following concentrations (as a percentage of our ABR) for property types with heightened risk as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic:

•18.1% related to retail facilities (primarily from do-it-yourself, grocery, convenience, and wholesale stores);
•1.7% related to hotel (net lease) properties; and
•1.3% related to fitness facilities, theaters, and restaurants.

There may be an impact across all industries and geographic regions in which our tenants operate as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the significant uncertainty around the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are unable to predict the impact it will have on our tenants’ continued ability to pay rent.

We are also exposed to further market risk as a result of tenant concentrations in certain industries and/or geographic regions, since adverse market factors (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) can affect the ability of tenants in a particular industry/region to meet their respective lease obligations. In order to manage this risk, we view our collective tenant roster as a portfolio and we attempt to diversify such portfolio so that we are not overexposed to a particular industry or geographic region.

Interest Rate Risk
 
The values of our real estate and related fixed-rate debt obligations, as well as the values of our unsecured debt obligations, are subject to fluctuations based on changes in interest rates. The value of our real estate is also subject to fluctuations based on local and regional economic conditions (including the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic) and changes in the creditworthiness of lessees, which may affect our ability to refinance property-level mortgage debt when balloon payments are scheduled, if we do not choose to repay the debt when due. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions, and other factors beyond our control. An increase in interest rates would likely cause the fair value of our owned and managed assets to decrease, which would create lower revenues from managed assets and lower investment performance for the Managed Programs. Increases in interest rates may also have an impact on the credit profile of certain tenants.

We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily through our borrowing activities. To limit this exposure, we generally seek long-term debt financing on a fixed-rate basis. However, from time to time, we or our joint investment partners obtained, and may in the future obtain, variable-rate non-recourse mortgage loans and, as a result, we have entered into, and may continue to enter into, interest rate swap agreements or interest rate cap agreements with counterparties. See Note 10 for additional information on our interest rate swaps and caps.
 
At December 31, 2020, a significant portion (approximately 92.8%) of our long-term debt either bore interest at fixed rates or was swapped or capped to a fixed rate. Our debt obligations are more fully described in Note 11 and Liquidity and Capital Resources — Summary of Financing in Item 7 above. The following table presents principal cash flows based upon expected maturity dates of our debt obligations outstanding at December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
20212022202320242025ThereafterTotalFair value
Fixed-rate debt (a) (b)
$63,318 $393,476 $853,898 $1,199,068 $550,334 $3,057,090 $6,117,184 $6,566,571 
Variable-rate debt (a)
$27,306 $54,099 $108,208 $36,376 $405,433 $— $631,422 $625,818 
__________
(a)Amounts are based on the exchange rate at December 31, 2020, as applicable.
(b)Amounts after 2022 are primarily comprised of principal payments for our Senior Unsecured Notes (Note 11).
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 49


The estimated fair value of our fixed-rate debt and our variable-rate debt that currently bears interest at fixed rates or has effectively been converted to a fixed rate through the use of interest rate swaps, or that has been subject to interest rate caps, is affected by changes in interest rates. Annual interest expense on our unhedged variable-rate debt that does not bear interest at fixed rates at December 31, 2020 would increase or decrease by $2.4 million for our euro-denominated debt, by $2.2 million for our British pound sterling-denominated debt, and by $0.2 million for our Japanese yen-denominated debt for each respective 1% change in annual interest rates.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
 
We own international investments, primarily in Europe, Canada, and Japan, and as a result are subject to risk from the effects of exchange rate movements in various foreign currencies, primarily the euro, the British pound sterling, the Danish krone, the Canadian dollar, and the Japanese yen, which may affect future costs and cash flows. We have obtained, and may in the future obtain, non-recourse mortgage financing in the local currency. We have also completed five offerings of euro-denominated senior notes, and have borrowed under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility in foreign currencies, including the euro, British pound sterling, and Japanese yen (Note 11). To the extent that currency fluctuations increase or decrease rental revenues, as translated to U.S. dollars, the change in debt service (comprised of principal and interest, excluding balloon payments), as translated to U.S. dollars, will partially offset the effect of fluctuations in revenue and, to some extent, mitigate the risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We estimate that, for a 1% increase or decrease in the exchange rate between the euro, British pound sterling, or Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar, there would be a corresponding change in the projected estimated cash flow (scheduled future rental revenues, net of scheduled future debt service payments for the next 12 months) for our consolidated foreign operations at December 31, 2020 of $2.6 million, $0.5 million, and less than $0.1 million, respectively, excluding the impact of our derivative instruments.

In addition, we may use currency hedging to further reduce the exposure to our equity cash flow. We are generally a net receiver of these currencies (we receive more cash than we pay out), and therefore our foreign operations benefit from a weaker U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. dollar, relative to the foreign currency.

We enter into foreign currency collars to hedge certain of our foreign currency cash flow exposures. See Note 10 for additional information on our foreign currency collars.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of tenants are engaged in similar business activities or have similar economic risks or conditions that could cause them to default on their lease obligations to us. We regularly monitor our portfolio to assess potential concentrations of credit risk. While we believe our portfolio is well-diversified, it does contain concentrations in certain areas.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, our consolidated portfolio had the following significant characteristics in excess of 10%, based on the percentage of our consolidated total revenues:

•64% related to domestic operations; and
•36% related to international operations.

At December 31, 2020, our net-lease portfolio, which excludes our operating properties, had the following significant property and lease characteristics in excess of 10% in certain areas, based on the percentage of our ABR as of that date:

•61% related to domestic properties;
•39% related to international properties;
•25% related to industrial facilities, 23% related to office facilities, 22% related to warehouse facilities, and 18% related to retail facilities; and
•22% related to the retail stores industry (including automotive dealerships).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 50

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

TABLE OF CONTENTSPage No.
52
55
56
57
58
61
63
120
121
137
138
 
Financial statement schedules other than those listed above are omitted because the required information is given in the financial statements, including the notes thereto, or because the conditions requiring their filing do not exist.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 51

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of W. P. Carey Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of W. P. Carey Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income, of comprehensive income, of equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, including the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 52


Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Purchase Price Allocation for Acquisitions

As described in Notes 2 and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company completed real estate acquisitions for total consideration of $661.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2020. For acquired properties with leases classified as operating leases, management allocated the purchase price to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. Management determines the fair value of real estate (i) by applying a discounted cash flow analysis to the estimated net operating income for each property in the portfolio during the remaining anticipated lease term, and (ii) by the estimated residual value, which is based on a hypothetical sale of the property upon expiration of a lease factoring in the re-tenanting of such property at estimated market rental rates, and applying a selected capitalization rate. For any acquisitions that do not qualify as sale-leaseback transactions, management records above- and below-market lease intangible assets and liabilities for acquired properties based on the present value, using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired. For acquired properties with tenants in place, management records in-place lease intangible assets based on the estimated value ascribed to the avoidance of costs of leasing the properties for the remaining primary in-place lease terms.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the purchase price allocation for acquisitions is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management to determine the fair value measurements of tangible and intangible assets and liabilities to allocate the purchase price, which resulted in a high degree of auditor judgment and subjectivity in performing procedures relating to these fair value measurements; (ii) significant auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in evaluating audit evidence related to the significant assumptions used in the fair value measurement of the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, specifically the capitalization rates, market rental rates and discount rates; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to purchase price allocations for acquisitions, including controls over management’s valuation of the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities and controls over the review of the capitalization rates, market rental rates and discount rates assumptions. These procedures also included, among others, for a sample of acquisitions (i) reading the executed purchase agreements and leasing documents; (ii) using professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in testing management’s process for estimating the fair value of tangible and intangible assets and liabilities by evaluating the appropriateness of the valuation methods and the reasonableness of the significant assumptions relating to the capitalization rates, market rental rates and discount rates, which involved considering comparable market data and other industry factors; (iii) evaluating the accuracy of the purchase price allocation; and (iv) testing the completeness and accuracy of data provided by management.

CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger — Investment in Preferred Stock of WLT

As described in Notes 4 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, on April 13, 2020, two of the non-traded REITs that the Company advised, Carey Watermark Investors Incorporated (“CWI 1”) and Carey Watermark Investors 2 Incorporated (“CWI 2”), merged in an all-stock transaction, with CWI 2 as the surviving entity (the “CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger”). CWI 2 was then renamed Watermark Lodging Trust, Inc. (“WLT”). On the date of the merger, the Company received 1,300,000 shares of WLT preferred stock with a liquidation preference of $50.00 per share, in conjunction with the redemption of the special general partner interests previously held in the operating partnerships of each of CWI 1 and CWI 2. The Company accounts for the investment in the shares of WLT preferred stock as available-for-sale debt securities at fair value of $46.3 million as of December 31, 2020, which is included in Other assets, net. The fair value was primarily determined by a discounted cash flow
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 53

approach using significant assumptions related to a discounted rate of 15% and a weighted-average probability analysis of certain redemption options.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger – investment in preferred stock of WLT is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management to determine the fair value measurement of the investment in preferred stock of WLT, which resulted in a high degree of auditor judgment and subjectivity in performing procedures relating to this fair value measurement; (ii) significant auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in evaluating audit evidence related to the significant assumptions relating to the investment in preferred stock of WLT, specifically the discount rate and weighted probabilities of certain redemption options; (iii) significant audit effort in evaluating the accounting treatment of the investment in preferred stock of WLT as available-for-sale debt securities at fair value; and (iv) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the merger, including controls over management’s valuation of the investment in preferred stock of WLT, controls over the development of the discount rate and weighted probability assumptions, and controls over the determination of the accounting treatment of the investment in preferred stock of WLT as available-for-sale debt securities at fair value. These procedures also included, among others (i) reading the executed internalization agreement; (ii) testing management’s process for estimating the fair value of the investment in preferred stock of WLT by evaluating the appropriateness of the valuation methods, evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions relating to the discount rate and probability weightings, and testing the completeness and accuracy of data provided by management; (iii) evaluating the accuracy of the valuation calculation; and (iv) using professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in evaluating management’s accounting for the investment in preferred stock of WLT as available-for-sale debt securities at fair value. Evaluating the reasonableness of the discount rate involved considering comparable market data and other industry factors.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, New York
February 12, 2021

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1973, which includes periods before the Company became subject to SEC reporting requirements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 54

W. P. CAREY INC. 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
December 31,
20202019
Assets
Investments in real estate:
Land, buildings and improvements$10,939,619 $9,856,191 
Net investments in direct financing leases
711,974 896,549 
In-place lease intangible assets and other
2,301,174 2,186,851 
Above-market rent intangible assets
881,159 909,139 
Investments in real estate14,833,926 13,848,730 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(2,490,087)(2,035,995)
Assets held for sale, net18,590 104,010 
Net investments in real estate12,362,429 11,916,745 
Equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate283,446 324,004 
Cash and cash equivalents
248,662 196,028 
Due from affiliates26,257 57,816 
Other assets, net876,024 631,637 
Goodwill910,818 934,688 
Total assets (a)
$14,707,636 $14,060,918 
Liabilities and Equity
Debt:
Senior unsecured notes, net
$5,146,192 $4,390,189 
Unsecured term loans, net321,971 — 
Unsecured revolving credit facility82,281 201,267 
Non-recourse mortgages, net1,145,554 1,462,487 
Debt, net6,695,998 6,053,943 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities603,663 487,405 
Below-market rent and other intangible liabilities, net
197,248 210,742 
Deferred income taxes
145,844 179,309 
Dividends payable186,514 181,346 
Total liabilities (a)
7,829,267 7,112,745 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
— — 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 450,000,000 shares authorized; 175,401,757 and 172,278,242 shares, respectively, issued and outstanding
175 172 
Additional paid-in capital8,925,365 8,717,535 
Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings(1,850,935)(1,557,374)
Deferred compensation obligation42,014 37,263 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(239,906)(255,667)
Total stockholders’ equity6,876,713 6,941,929 
Noncontrolling interests1,656 6,244 
Total equity6,878,369 6,948,173 
Total liabilities and equity$14,707,636 $14,060,918 
__________
(a)See Note 2 for details related to variable interest entities (“VIEs”).

 See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 55

W. P. CAREY INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues
Real Estate:
Lease revenues$1,154,504 $1,086,375 $744,498 
Lease termination income and other12,094 36,268 6,555 
Operating property revenues11,399 50,220 28,072 
1,177,997 1,172,863 779,125 
Investment Management:
Asset management revenue21,973 39,132 63,556 
Reimbursable costs from affiliates8,855 16,547 21,925 
Structuring and other advisory revenue 494 4,224 21,126 
31,322 59,903 106,607 
1,209,319 1,232,766 885,732 
Operating Expenses
Depreciation and amortization442,935 447,135 291,440 
General and administrative75,950 75,293 68,337 
Reimbursable tenant costs56,409 55,576 28,076 
Property expenses, excluding reimbursable tenant costs44,067 39,545 22,773 
Impairment charges35,830 32,539 4,790 
Stock-based compensation expense15,938 18,787 18,294 
Operating property expenses9,901 38,015 20,150 
Reimbursable costs from affiliates8,855 16,547 21,925 
Subadvisor fees1,469 7,579 9,240 
Merger and other expenses247 101 41,426 
691,601 731,117 526,451 
Other Income and Expenses
Interest expense(210,087)(233,325)(178,375)
Gain on sale of real estate, net109,370 18,143 118,605 
Other gains and (losses)46,752 31,475 29,913 
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate(18,557)23,229 61,514 
(Loss) gain on change in control of interests— (8,416)47,814 
(72,522)(168,894)79,471 
Income before income taxes445,196 332,755 438,752 
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes20,759 (26,211)(14,411)
Net Income465,955 306,544 424,341 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(10,596)(1,301)(12,775)
Net Income Attributable to W. P. Carey$455,359 $305,243 $411,566 
Basic Earnings Per Share$2.61 $1.78 $3.50 
Diluted Earnings Per Share$2.60 $1.78 $3.49 
Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding
Basic174,504,406 171,001,430 117,494,969 
Diluted174,839,428 171,299,414 117,706,445 


See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 56

W. P. CAREY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands) 
 Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Net Income$465,955 $306,544 $424,341 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments47,746 376 (31,843)
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative instruments(31,978)(1,054)4,923 
Unrealized gain on investments— 7 154 
15,768 (671)(26,766)
Comprehensive Income481,723 305,873 397,575 
Amounts Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
Net income(10,596)(1,301)(12,775)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments(7)— 7 
Foreign currency translation adjustments— — 7,774 
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(10,603)(1,301)(4,994)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to W. P. Carey$471,120 $304,572 $392,581 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 57

W. P. CAREY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
W. P. Carey Stockholders
DistributionsAccumulated
Common StockAdditionalin Excess ofDeferredOtherTotal
$0.001 Par ValuePaid-inAccumulatedCompensationComprehensiveW. P. CareyNoncontrolling
SharesAmountCapitalEarningsObligationLossStockholdersInterestsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2020172,278,242 $172 $8,717,535 $(1,557,374)$37,263 $(255,667)$6,941,929 $6,244 $6,948,173 
Cumulative-effect adjustment for the adoption of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Note 2)
(14,812)(14,812)(14,812)
Shares issued under forward sale agreements, net2,951,791 3 199,478 199,481 199,481 
Shares issued upon delivery of vested restricted share awards162,331 — (5,372)(5,372)(5,372)
Shares issued upon purchases under employee share purchase plan
6,893 — 389 389 389 
Shares issued under “at-the-market” offering, net
2,500 — 60 60 60 
Amortization of stock-based compensation expense15,938 15,938 15,938 
Deferral of vested shares, net(3,854)3,854 — — 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests— (5,326)(5,326)
Dividends declared ($4.17 per share)
1,191 (734,108)897 (732,020)(732,020)
Redemption of noncontrolling interest (Note 4)
— (9,865)(9,865)
Net income455,359 455,359 10,596 465,955 
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments47,746 47,746 47,746 
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments(31,985)(31,985)7(31,978)
Balance at December 31, 2020175,401,757 $175 $8,925,365 $(1,850,935)$42,014 $(239,906)$6,876,713 $1,656 $6,878,369 

(Continued)
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 58

W. P. CAREY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
W. P. Carey Stockholders
DistributionsAccumulated
Common StockAdditionalin Excess ofDeferredOtherTotal
$0.001 Par ValuePaid-inAccumulatedCompensationComprehensiveW. P. CareyNoncontrolling
SharesAmountCapitalEarningsObligationLossStockholdersInterestsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2019165,279,642 $165 $8,187,335 $(1,143,992)$35,766 $(254,996)$6,824,278 $5,777 $6,830,055 
Shares issued under “at-the-market” offering, net
6,672,412 6 523,387 523,393 523,393 
Shares issued upon delivery of vested restricted share awards322,831 1 (15,766)(15,765)(15,765)
Shares issued upon purchases under employee share purchase plan
3,357 — 252 252 252 
Deferral of vested shares, net(1,445)1,445 — — 
Amortization of stock-based compensation expense18,787 18,787 18,787 
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
— 849 849 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests— (1,683)(1,683)
Dividends declared ($4.14 per share)
4,985 (718,625)52 (713,588)(713,588)
Net income305,243 305,243 1,301 306,544 
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments(1,054)(1,054)(1,054)
Foreign currency translation adjustments376 376 376 
Unrealized gain on investments7 7 7 
Balance at December 31, 2019172,278,242 $172 $8,717,535 $(1,557,374)$37,263 $(255,667)$6,941,929 $6,244 $6,948,173 

(Continued)
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 59

W. P. CAREY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
W. P. Carey Stockholders
DistributionsAccumulated
Common StockAdditionalin Excess ofDeferredOtherTotal
$0.001 Par ValuePaid-inAccumulatedCompensationComprehensiveW. P. CareyNoncontrolling
SharesAmountCapitalEarningsObligationLossStockholdersInterestsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2018106,922,616 $107 $4,433,573 $(1,052,064)$46,656 $(236,011)$3,192,261 $219,124 $3,411,385 
Shares issued to stockholders of CPA:17 – Global in connection with CPA:17 Merger
53,849,087 54 3,554,524 3,554,578 3,554,578 
Shares issued under “at-the-market” offering, net
4,229,285 4 287,433 287,437 287,437 
Shares issued upon delivery of vested restricted share awards293,481 — (13,644)(13,644)(13,644)
Shares issued upon purchases under employee share purchase plan2,951 — 178 178 178 
Delivery of deferred vested shares, net10,890 (10,890)— — 
Amortization of stock-based compensation expense18,294 18,294 18,294 
Acquisition of remaining noncontrolling interests in investments that we already consolidate in connection with the CPA:17 Merger
(103,075)(103,075)(206,516)(309,591)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests in connection with the CPA:17 Merger
— 5,039 5,039 
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
— 71 71 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests— (16,935)(16,935)
Redemption value adjustment(335)(335)(335)
Dividends declared ($4.09 per share)
675 (503,494)— (502,819)(502,819)
Repurchase of shares in connection with CPA:17 Merger(17,778)— (1,178)(1,178)(1,178)
Net income411,566 411,566 12,775 424,341 
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments(24,069)(24,069)(7,774)(31,843)
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments4,930 4,930 (7)4,923 
Unrealized gain on investments154 154 154 
Balance at December 31, 2018165,279,642 $165 $8,187,335 $(1,143,992)$35,766 $(254,996)$6,824,278 $5,777 $6,830,055 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 60

W. P. CAREY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Cash Flows — Operating Activities
Net income$465,955 $306,544 $424,341 
Adjustments to net income:
Depreciation and amortization, including intangible assets and deferred financing costs456,210 460,030 298,166 
Gain on sale of real estate, net(109,370)(18,143)(118,605)
Realized and unrealized gains on foreign currency transactions, derivatives, and other(55,810)(466)(17,644)
Amortization of rent-related intangibles and deferred rental revenue52,736 84,878 51,132 
Straight-line rent adjustments
(50,299)(46,260)(21,994)
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense(49,076)9,255 (6,279)
Impairment charges35,830 32,539 4,790 
Allowance for credit losses22,259 — — 
Equity in losses (earnings) of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate18,557 (23,229)(61,514)
Asset management revenue received in shares of Managed REITs(16,642)(30,555)(49,110)
Stock-based compensation expense15,938 18,787 18,294 
Distributions of earnings from equity method investments
9,419 26,772 62,015 
Loss (gain) on change in control of interests— 8,416 (47,814)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Net changes in other operating assets and liabilities3,239 (20,783)(28,054)
Deferred structuring revenue received 2,680 4,913 9,456 
Increase in deferred structuring revenue receivable(88)(621)(8,014)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities801,538 812,077 509,166 
Cash Flows — Investing Activities
Purchases of real estate (656,313)(717,666)(719,548)
Proceeds from sales of real estate366,532 307,959 431,626 
Funding for real estate construction, redevelopments, and other capital expenditures on real estate(207,256)(165,490)(107,684)
Purchases of securities(95,511)— — 
Proceeds from repayment of short-term loans to affiliates51,702 46,637 37,000 
Funding of short-term loans to affiliates(26,481)(36,808)(10,000)
Return of capital from equity method investments
19,483 34,365 16,382 
Proceeds from repayment of loans receivable11,000 19,707 488 
Capital contributions to equity method investments
(4,253)(2,595)(18,173)
Other investing activities, net1,165 (8,882)(8,169)
Cash and restricted cash acquired in connection with the CPA:17 Merger— — 113,634 
Cash paid to stockholders of CPA:17 – Global in the CPA:17 Merger— — (1,688)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities(539,932)(522,773)(266,132)
Cash Flows — Financing Activities
Repayments of Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility(1,137,026)(1,227,153)(1,655,076)
Proceeds from Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility1,019,158 1,336,824 1,403,254 
Dividends paid(726,955)(704,396)(440,431)
Proceeds from issuance of Senior Unsecured Notes495,495 870,635 1,183,828 
Proceeds from Unsecured Term Loans298,974 — — 
Scheduled payments of mortgage principal(275,746)(210,414)(100,433)
Proceeds from shares issued under forward sale agreements, net of selling costs199,716 — — 
Prepayments of mortgage principal(68,501)(1,028,795)(207,450)
Payment of financing costs(14,205)(6,716)(8,059)
Other financing activities, net8,917 5,550 (608)
Payments for withholding taxes upon delivery of equity-based awards(5,372)(15,766)(13,985)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(5,326)(1,683)(18,216)
Proceeds from shares issued under ATM Program, net of selling costs158 523,287 287,544 
Contributions from noncontrolling interests— 849 71 
Repayments of term loans— — (453,553)
Repurchase of shares in connection with CPA:17 Merger— — (1,178)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities(210,713)(457,778)(24,292)
Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash During the Year
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash9,368 (4,071)(4,355)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash60,261 (172,545)214,387 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year251,518 424,063 209,676 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year$311,779 $251,518 $424,063 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 61

W. P. CAREY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Continued)

Supplemental Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:

2018 — On October 31, 2018, CPA:17 – Global merged with and into us in the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3). The following table summarizes estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the CPA:17 Merger, which reflects measurement period adjustments since the date of acquisition (in thousands):
Total Consideration 
Fair value of W. P. Carey shares of common stock issued$3,554,578 
Cash paid for fractional shares1,688 
Fair value of our equity interest in CPA:17 – Global prior to the CPA:17 Merger157,594 
Fair value of our equity interest in jointly owned investments with CPA:17 – Global prior to the CPA:17 Merger
132,661 
Fair value of noncontrolling interests acquired(308,891)
3,537,630 
Assets Acquired at Fair Value
Land, buildings and improvements — operating leases2,948,347 
Land, buildings and improvements — operating properties426,758 
Net investments in direct financing leases604,998 
In-place lease and other intangible assets793,463 
Above-market rent intangible assets298,180 
Equity investments in real estate192,322 
Goodwill296,108 
Other assets, net (excluding restricted cash)228,194 
Liabilities Assumed at Fair Value
Non-recourse mortgages, net1,849,177 
Senior Credit Facility, net180,331 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities141,750 
Below-market rent and other intangible liabilities112,721 
Deferred income taxes75,356 
Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests5,039 
Net assets acquired excluding cash and restricted cash3,423,996 
Cash and restricted cash acquired$113,634 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 62

W. P. CAREY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Business and Organization
 
W. P. Carey Inc. (“W. P. Carey”) is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that, together with our consolidated subsidiaries, invests primarily in operationally-critical, single-tenant commercial real estate properties located in the United States and Northern and Western Europe on a long-term basis. We earn revenue principally by leasing the properties we own to companies on a triple-net lease basis, which generally requires each tenant to pay the costs associated with operating and maintaining the property.

Founded in 1973, our shares of common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WPC.”

We elected to be taxed as a REIT under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code effective as of February 15, 2012. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal income taxes on income and gains that we distribute to our stockholders as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally relating to the nature of our income and the level of our distributions, as well as other factors. We also own real property in jurisdictions outside the United States through foreign subsidiaries and are subject to income taxes on our pre-tax income earned from properties in such countries. Through our taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”), we also earn revenue as the advisor to certain non-traded investment programs. We hold all of our real estate assets attributable to our Real Estate segment under the REIT structure, while the activities conducted by our Investment Management segment subsidiaries have been organized under TRSs.

On October 31, 2018, one of the non-traded REITs that we advised, Corporate Property Associates 17 – Global Incorporated (“CPA:17 – Global”), merged with and into one of our wholly owned subsidiaries (the “CPA:17 Merger”) (Note 3). In addition, on April 13, 2020, two of the non-traded REITs that we advised, Carey Watermark Investors Incorporated (“CWI 1”) and Carey Watermark Investors 2 Incorporated (“CWI 2”) (together, the “CWI REITs”), merged in an all-stock transaction, with CWI 2 as the surviving entity (the “CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger”). Following the close of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, our advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 were terminated, CWI 2 was renamed Watermark Lodging Trust, Inc. (“WLT”), and we began to provide certain services to WLT pursuant to a transition services agreement. As a result, at December 31, 2020, we were the advisor to the following entities (Note 4):

•Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated (“CPA:18 – Global”), a publicly owned, non-traded REIT that primarily invests in commercial real estate properties; we refer to CPA:17 – Global, CPA:18 – Global, and the CWI REITs as the “Managed REITs” (as used throughout this Report, the term “Managed REITs” does not include CPA:17 – Global after October 31, 2018 or CWI 1 and CWI 2 after April 13, 2020); and
•Carey European Student Housing Fund I, L.P. (“CESH”), a limited partnership formed for the purpose of developing, owning, and operating student housing properties and similar investments in Europe (Note 4); we refer to the Managed REITs and CESH collectively as the “Managed Programs.”

We no longer raise capital for new or existing funds, but currently expect to continue managing CPA:18 – Global and CESH through the end of their respective life cycles (Note 4).

Reportable Segments

Real Estate — Lease revenues from our real estate investments generate the vast majority of our earnings. We invest primarily in commercial properties located in the United States and Northern and Western Europe, which are leased to companies on a triple-net lease basis. At December 31, 2020, our owned portfolio was comprised of our full or partial ownership interests in 1,243 properties, totaling approximately 144 million square feet (unaudited), substantially all of which were net leased to 350 tenants, with a weighted-average lease term of 10.6 years and an occupancy rate of 98.5%. In addition, at December 31, 2020, our portfolio was comprised of full or partial ownership interests in 20 operating properties, including 19 self-storage properties and one hotel, totaling approximately 1.4 million square feet (unaudited).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 63

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Investment Management — Through our TRSs, we manage the real estate investment portfolios for the Managed Programs, for which we earn asset management revenue. We may earn incentive revenue and receive other compensation through our advisory agreements with certain of the Managed Programs, including in connection with providing liquidity events for CPA:18 – Global’s stockholders. In addition, we include equity income generated through our (i) ownership of shares and limited partnership units of the Managed Programs (Note 8) and (ii) special general partner interest in the operating partnership of CPA:18 – Global, through which we participate in its cash flows (Note 4), in our Investment Management segment.

At December 31, 2020, the Managed Programs owned all or a portion of 53 net-leased properties (including certain properties in which we also have an ownership interest), totaling approximately 10.7 million square feet (unaudited), substantially all of which were leased to 65 tenants, with an occupancy rate of approximately 98.7%. The Managed Programs also had interests in 69 operating properties (totaling approximately 5.6 million square feet (unaudited) in the aggregate) and ten active build-to-suit projects at the same date.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Accounting for Acquisitions

In accordance with the guidance for business combinations, we determine whether a transaction or other event is a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. Each business combination is then accounted for by applying the acquisition method. If the assets acquired are not a business, we account for the transaction or other event as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, we recognize the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity. In addition, for transactions that are business combinations, we evaluate the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. We capitalize acquisition-related costs and fees associated with asset acquisitions. We immediately expense acquisition-related costs and fees associated with business combinations. All transaction costs incurred during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were capitalized since our acquisitions during the years were classified as asset acquisitions (excluding the CPA:17 Merger).
 
Purchase Price Allocation of Tangible Assets — When we acquire properties with leases classified as operating leases, we allocate the purchase price to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired based on their estimated fair values. The tangible assets consist of land, buildings, and site improvements. The intangible assets include the above- and below-market value of leases and the in-place leases, which includes the value of tenant relationships. Land is typically valued utilizing the sales comparison (or market) approach. Buildings are valued, as if vacant, using the cost and/or income approach. The fair value of real estate is determined (i) by applying a discounted cash flow analysis to the estimated net operating income for each property in the portfolio during the remaining anticipated lease term, and (ii) by the estimated residual value, which is based on a hypothetical sale of the property upon expiration of a lease factoring in the re-tenanting of such property at estimated market rental rates, and applying a selected capitalization rate.

Assumptions used in the model are property-specific where this information is available; however, when certain necessary information is not available, we use available regional and property-type information. Assumptions and estimates include the following:

•a discount rate or internal rate of return;
•market rents, growth factors of rents, and market lease term;
•a capitalization rate to be applied to an estimate of market rent at the end of the market lease term;
•the marketing period necessary to put a lease in place;
•carrying costs during the marketing period; and
•leasing commissions and tenant improvement allowances.

The discount rates and residual capitalization rates used to value the properties are selected based on several factors, including:

•the creditworthiness of the lessees;
•industry surveys;
•property type;
•property location and age;
•current lease rates relative to market lease rates; and
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 64

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
•anticipated lease duration.

In the case where a tenant has a purchase option deemed to be favorable to the tenant, or the tenant has long-term renewal options at rental rates below estimated market rental rates, we generally include the value of the exercise of such purchase option or long-term renewal options in the determination of residual value.

The remaining economic life of leased assets is estimated by relying in part upon third-party appraisals of the leased assets and industry standards. Different estimates of remaining economic life will affect the depreciation expense that is recorded.

Purchase Price Allocation of Intangible Assets and Liabilities — We record above- and below-market lease intangible assets and liabilities for acquired properties based on the present value (using a discount rate reflecting the risks associated with the leases acquired including consideration of the credit of the lessee) of the difference between (i) the contractual rents to be paid pursuant to the leases negotiated or in place at the time of acquisition of the properties and (ii) our estimate of fair market lease rates for the property or equivalent property, both of which are measured over the estimated lease term, which includes renewal options that have rental rates below estimated market rental rates. We discount the difference between the estimated market rent and contractual rent to a present value using an interest rate reflecting our current assessment of the risk associated with the lease acquired, which includes a consideration of the credit of the lessee. When we enter into sale-leaseback transactions with above- or below-market leases, the intangibles will be accounted for as loan receivables or prepaid rent liabilities, respectively. We measure the fair value of below-market purchase option liabilities we acquire as the excess of the present value of the fair value of the real estate over the present value of the tenant’s exercise price at the option date. We determine these values using our estimates or by relying in part upon third-party valuations conducted by independent appraisal firms.

We amortize the above-market lease intangible as a reduction of lease revenue over the remaining contractual lease term. We amortize the below-market lease intangible as an increase to lease revenue over the initial term and any renewal periods in the respective leases. We include the value of below-market leases in Below-market rent and other intangible liabilities in the consolidated financial statements.
 
The value of any in-place lease is estimated to be equal to the acquirer’s avoidance of costs as a result of having tenants in place, that would be necessary to lease the property for a lease term equal to the remaining primary in-place lease term and the value of investment grade tenancy. The cost avoidance is derived first by determining the in-place lease term on the subject lease. Then, based on our review of the market, the cost to be borne by a property owner to replicate a market lease to the remaining in-place term is estimated. These costs consist of: (i) rent lost during downtime (i.e., assumed periods of vacancy), (ii) estimated expenses that would be incurred by the property owner during periods of vacancy, (iii) rent concessions (i.e. free rent), (iv) leasing commissions, and (v) tenant improvements allowances given to tenants. We determine these values using our estimates or by relying in part upon third-party valuations. We amortize the value of in-place lease intangibles to depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining initial term of each lease. The amortization period for intangibles does not exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building.
 
If a lease is terminated, we charge the unamortized portion of above- and below-market lease values to rental income and in-place lease values to amortization expense. If a lease is amended, we will determine whether the economics of the amended lease continue to support the existence of the above- or below-market lease intangibles.
 
Purchase Price Allocation of Debt — When we acquire leveraged properties, the fair value of the related debt instruments is determined using a discounted cash flow model with rates that take into account the credit of the tenants, where applicable, and interest rate risk. Such resulting premium or discount is amortized over the remaining term of the obligation. We also consider the value of the underlying collateral, taking into account the quality of the collateral, the credit quality of the tenant, the time until maturity and the current interest rate.
 
Purchase Price Allocation of Goodwill — In the case of a business combination, after identifying all tangible and intangible assets and liabilities, the excess consideration paid over the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired and assumed, respectively, represents goodwill. We allocate goodwill to the respective reporting units in which such goodwill arises. Goodwill acquired in certain business combinations, including the CPA:17 Merger, was attributed to the Real Estate segment which comprises one reporting unit. In the event we dispose of a property or an investment that constitutes a business under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) from a reporting unit with goodwill, we allocate a portion of the reporting unit’s goodwill to that business in determining the gain or loss on the disposal of the business. The amount of goodwill allocated to the business is based on the relative fair value of the business to the fair value of the reporting unit. As part of purchase accounting for a business, we record any deferred tax assets and/or liabilities resulting from the difference
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 65

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
between the tax basis and GAAP basis of the investment in the taxing jurisdiction. Such deferred tax amount will be included in purchase accounting and may impact the amount of goodwill recorded depending on the fair value of all of the other assets and liabilities and the amounts paid.

Impairments
 
Real Estate — We periodically assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our long-lived real estate and related intangible assets may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. These impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, vacancies, an upcoming lease expiration, a tenant with credit difficulty, the termination of a lease by a tenant, or a likely disposition of the property.

For real estate assets held for investment and related intangible assets in which an impairment indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine whether an asset is impaired and to determine the amount of the charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the property’s asset group to the estimated future net undiscounted cash flow that we expect the property’s asset group will generate, including any estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the property’s asset group. The undiscounted cash flow analysis requires us to make our best estimate of market rents, residual values, and holding periods. We estimate market rents and residual values using market information from outside sources such as third-party market research, external appraisals, broker quotes, or recent comparable sales.

As our investment objective is to hold properties on a long-term basis, holding periods used in the undiscounted cash flow analysis are generally ten years, but may be less if our intent is to hold a property for less than ten years. Depending on the assumptions made and estimates used, the future cash flow projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets and associated intangible assets can vary within a range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining our estimate of future cash flows and, if warranted, we apply a probability-weighted method to the different possible scenarios. If the future net undiscounted cash flow of the property’s asset group is less than the carrying value, the carrying value of the property’s asset group is considered not recoverable. We then measure the impairment loss as the excess of the carrying value of the property’s asset group over its estimated fair value.

Assets Held for Sale — We generally classify real estate assets that are subject to operating leases as held for sale when we have entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied, we received a non-refundable deposit, and we believe it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. When we classify an asset as held for sale, we compare the asset’s fair value less estimated cost to sell to its carrying value, and if the fair value less estimated cost to sell is less than the property’s carrying value, we reduce the carrying value to the fair value less estimated cost to sell. We base the fair value on the contract and the estimated cost to sell on information provided by brokers and legal counsel. We then compare the asset’s fair value (less estimated cost to sell) to its carrying value, and if the fair value, less estimated cost to sell, is less than the property’s carrying value, we reduce the carrying value to the fair value, less estimated cost to sell. We will continue to review the property for subsequent changes in the fair value, and may recognize an additional impairment charge, if warranted.

Direct Financing Leases — This policy was superseded by ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, which we adopted on January 1, 2020 and which is described below under Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements. Prior to this adoption, we periodically assessed whether there were any indicators that the value of our net investments in direct financing leases may have been impaired. When determining a possible impairment, we considered the collectibility of direct financing lease receivables for which a reserve would have been required if any losses were both probable and reasonably estimable. In addition, we determined whether there had been a permanent decline in the estimate of the residual value of the property. If this review indicated a permanent decline in the fair value of the asset below its carrying value, we recognized an impairment charge.
 
Equity Investments in the Managed Programs and Real Estate — We evaluate our equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate on a periodic basis to determine if there are any indicators that the value of our equity investment may be impaired and whether or not that impairment is other-than-temporary. To the extent an impairment has occurred and is determined to be other-than-temporary, we measure the charge as the excess of the carrying value of our investment over its estimated fair value, which is determined by calculating our share of the estimated fair market value of the underlying net assets based on the terms of the applicable partnership or joint venture agreement. For certain investments in the Managed REITs, we calculate the estimated fair value of our investment using the most recently published net asset value per share (“NAV”) of each Managed REIT multiplied by the number of shares owned. For our equity investments in real estate, we calculate the estimated fair value of the underlying investment’s real estate or net investment in direct financing lease as described in Real Estate and
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 66

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Direct Financing Leases above. The fair value of the underlying investment’s debt, if any, is calculated based on market interest rates and other market information. The fair value of the underlying investment’s other financial assets and liabilities (excluding net investment in direct financing leases) have fair values that generally approximate their carrying values.
 
Goodwill — We evaluate goodwill for possible impairment at least annually or upon the occurrence of a triggering event. Such a triggering event within our Investment Management segment depends on the timing and form of liquidity events for the Managed Programs (Note 4). To identify any impairment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. This assessment is used as a basis to determine whether it is necessary to calculate reporting unit fair values. If necessary, we calculate the estimated fair value of the Investment Management reporting unit by utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis methodology and available NAVs. We calculate the estimated fair value of the Real Estate reporting unit by utilizing our market capitalization and the aforementioned fair value of the Investment Management segment. Impairments, if any, will be the difference between the reporting unit’s fair value and carrying amount, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.

Other Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Consolidation — Our consolidated financial statements reflect all of our accounts, including those of our controlled subsidiaries. The portions of equity in consolidated subsidiaries that are not attributable, directly or indirectly, to us are presented as noncontrolling interests. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

When we obtain an economic interest in an entity, we evaluate the entity to determine if it should be deemed a VIE and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary and are therefore required to consolidate the entity. We apply accounting guidance for consolidation of VIEs to certain entities in which the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. Fixed price purchase and renewal options within a lease, as well as certain decision-making rights within a loan or joint-venture agreement, can cause us to consider an entity a VIE. Limited partnerships and other similar entities that operate as a partnership will be considered a VIE unless the limited partners hold substantive kick-out rights or participation rights. Significant judgment is required to determine whether a VIE should be consolidated. We review the contractual arrangements provided for in the partnership agreement or other related contracts to determine whether the entity is considered a VIE, and to establish whether we have any variable interests in the VIE. We then compare our variable interests, if any, to those of the other variable interest holders to determine which party is the primary beneficiary of the VIE based on whether the entity (i) has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The liabilities of these VIEs are non-recourse to us and can only be satisfied from each VIE’s respective assets.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we had a net decrease of six entities considered to be consolidated VIEs, primarily related to disposition activity and certain lease amendments.

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we considered 12 and 18 entities to be VIEs, respectively, of which we consolidated five and 11, respectively, as we are considered the primary beneficiary. The following table presents a summary of selected financial data of the consolidated VIEs included in our consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Land, buildings and improvements$423,333 $493,714 
Net investments in direct financing leases15,242 15,584 
In-place lease intangible assets and other41,997 56,915 
Above-market rent intangible assets26,720 34,576 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(137,827)(151,017)
Assets held for sale, net— 104,010 
Total assets381,953 596,168 
Non-recourse mortgages, net$3,508 $32,622 
Total liabilities48,971 98,671 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 67

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
At both December 31, 2020 and 2019, our seven unconsolidated VIEs included our interests in five unconsolidated real estate investments, which we account for under the equity method of accounting, and two unconsolidated entities, which we account for at fair value. We do not consolidate these entities because we are not the primary beneficiary and the nature of our involvement in the activities of these entities allows us to exercise significant influence on, but does not give us power over, decisions that significantly affect the economic performance of these entities. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the net carrying amount of our investments in these entities was $425.3 million and $298.3 million, respectively, and our maximum exposure to loss in these entities was limited to our investments.

Leases

We adopted guidance under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, Leases for our interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2019.

As a Lessee: Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments under the lease. We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at contract inception and determine the classification of the lease at commencement. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We do not include renewal options in the lease term when calculating the lease liability unless we are reasonably certain we will exercise the option. Variable lease payments are excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities and are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. Our variable lease payments consist of increases as a result of the CPI or other comparable indices, taxes, and maintenance costs. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

The implicit rate within our operating leases is generally not determinable and, as a result, we use our incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. The determination of our incremental borrowing rate requires judgment. We determine our incremental borrowing rate for each lease using estimated baseline mortgage rates. These baseline rates are determined based on a review of current mortgage debt market activity for benchmark securities across domestic and international markets, utilizing a yield curve. The rates are then adjusted for various factors, including level of collateralization and lease term.

As a Lessor: We combine non-lease components (lease arrangements that include common area maintenance services) with related lease components (lease revenues), since both the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the non-lease component and related lease component, the lease component is the predominant component, and the lease component would otherwise be classified as an operating lease. For (i) operating lease arrangements involving real estate that include common area maintenance services and (ii) all real estate arrangements that include real estate taxes and insurance costs, we present these amounts within lease revenues in our consolidated statements of income. We record amounts reimbursed by the lessee in the period in which the applicable expenses are incurred, if the reimbursements are deemed collectible.

Reclassifications — Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Restricted Cash — Restricted cash primarily consists of security deposits and amounts required to be reserved pursuant to lender agreements for debt service, capital improvements, and real estate taxes. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):
December 31,
202020192018
Cash and cash equivalents
$248,662 $196,028 $217,644 
Restricted cash (a)
63,117 55,490 206,419 
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
$311,779 $251,518 $424,063 
__________
(a)Restricted cash is included within Other assets, net in our consolidated balance sheets. The amount as of December 31, 2018 includes $145.7 million of proceeds from the sale of a portfolio of Australian properties in December 2018. These funds were transferred from a restricted cash account to us in January 2019.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 68

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Land, Buildings and Improvements — We carry land, buildings, and improvements at cost less accumulated depreciation. We capitalize improvements and significant renovations that extend the useful life of the properties, while we expense maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets as incurred.
 
Gain/Loss on Sale — We recognize gains and losses on the sale of properties when the transaction meets the definition of a contract, criteria are met for the sale of one or more distinct assets, and control of the properties is transferred.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — We consider all short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to cash and have a maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Items classified as cash equivalents include commercial paper and money market funds. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in the custody of several financial institutions, and these balances, at times, exceed federally insurable limits. We seek to mitigate this risk by depositing funds only with major financial institutions.
 
Internal-Use Software Development Costs — We expense costs associated with the assessment stage of software development projects. Upon completion of the preliminary project assessment stage, we capitalize internal and external costs associated with the application development stage, including the costs associated with software that allows for the conversion of our old data to our new system. We expense the personnel-related costs of training and data conversion. We also expense costs associated with the post-implementation and operation stage, including maintenance and specified upgrades; however, we capitalize internal and external costs associated with significant upgrades to existing systems that result in additional functionality. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, which is three to seven years. Periodically, we reassess the useful life considering technology, obsolescence, and other factors.

Other Assets and Liabilities — We include prepaid expenses, deferred rental income, tenant receivables, deferred charges, escrow balances held by lenders, restricted cash balances, marketable securities, derivative assets, other intangible assets, corporate fixed assets, our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (a cold storage REIT) (Note 9), our investment in shares of GCIF (Note 9), office lease ROU assets, and our loans receivable in Other assets, net. We include derivative liabilities, amounts held on behalf of tenants, operating lease liabilities, and deferred revenue in Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities.
 
Revenue Recognition, Real Estate Leased to Others — We lease real estate to others primarily on a triple-net leased basis, whereby the tenant is generally responsible for operating expenses relating to the property, including property taxes, insurance, maintenance, repairs, and improvements.
 
Substantially all of our leases provide for either scheduled rent increases, periodic rent adjustments based on formulas indexed to changes in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) or similar indices, or percentage rents. CPI-based adjustments are contingent on future events and are therefore not included as minimum rent in straight-line rent calculations. We recognize rents from percentage rents as reported by the lessees, which is after the level of sales requiring a rental payment to us is reached. Percentage rents were insignificant for the periods presented.

For our operating leases, we recognize future minimum rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable lease term of the related leases and charge expenses to operations as incurred (Note 5). We record leases accounted for under the direct financing method as a net investment in direct financing leases (Note 6). The net investment is equal to the cost of the leased assets. The difference between the cost and the gross investment, which includes the residual value of the leased asset and the future minimum rents, is unearned income. We defer and amortize unearned income to income over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return on our net investment in the lease.

Revenue from contracts under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers is recognized when, or as, control of promised goods or services is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. At contract inception, we assess the services promised in our contracts with customers and identify a performance obligation for each promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services) that is distinct. To identify the performance obligations, we consider all of the services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. ASC 606 does not apply to our lease revenues, which constitute a majority of our revenues, but primarily applies to revenues generated from our hotel operating properties and our Investment Management segment.

Revenue from contracts for our Real Estate segment primarily represented operating property revenues of $5.9 million, $29.4 million, and $21.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Such operating property
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 69

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
revenues are primarily comprised of revenues from room rentals and from food and beverage services at our hotel operating properties during those years. We identified a single performance obligation for each distinct service. Performance obligations are typically satisfied at a point in time, at the time of sale, or at the rendering of the service. Fees are generally determined to be fixed. Payment is typically due immediately following the delivery of the service. Revenue from contracts under ASC 606 from our Investment Management segment is discussed in Note 4.

Lease revenue (including straight-line lease revenue) is only recognized when deemed probable of collection. Collectibility is assessed for each tenant receivable using various criteria including credit ratings (Note 6), guarantees, past collection issues, and the current economic and business environment affecting the tenant. If collectibility of the contractual rent stream is not deemed probable, revenue will only be recognized upon receipt of cash from the tenant.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, approximately $15.7 million of rent was not collected as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which reduced lease revenues in our consolidated statements of income. These amounts include $8.4 million of rent that has been contractually deferred to future periods. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to 2019, for our remaining hotel operating property, revenues decreased by $11.0 million and expenses decreased by $6.0 million due to the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel’s operations.
 
Revenue Recognition, Investment Management Operations — We earn structuring revenue and asset management revenue in connection with providing services to the Managed Programs. We earn structuring revenue for services we provide in connection with the analysis, negotiation, and structuring of transactions, including acquisitions and dispositions and the placement of mortgage financing obtained by the Managed Programs. We earn asset management revenue from property management, leasing, and advisory services performed. In addition, we earn subordinated incentive and disposition revenue related to the disposition of properties. We may also earn termination revenue in connection with a liquidity event and/or the termination of the advisory agreements for the Managed REITs.
 
The Managed Programs reimburse us for certain personnel and overhead costs that we incur on their behalf. We record reimbursement income as the expenses are incurred, subject to limitations imposed by the advisory agreements.

Asset Retirement Obligations — Asset retirement obligations relate to the legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development, and/or normal operation of a long-lived asset. The fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation is recorded in the period in which it is incurred or at the point of acquisition of an asset with an assumed asset retirement obligation, and the cost of such liability is recorded as an increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset by the same amount. The liability is accreted each period and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the estimated remaining life of the related long-lived asset. Revisions to estimated retirement obligations result in adjustments to the related capitalized asset and corresponding liability.

In order to determine the fair value of the asset retirement obligations, we make certain estimates and assumptions including, among other things, projected cash flows, the borrowing interest rate, and an assessment of market conditions that could significantly impact the estimated fair value. These estimates and assumptions are subjective.
 
Depreciation — We compute depreciation of building and related improvements using the straight-line method over the estimated remaining useful lives of the properties (not to exceed 40 years) and furniture, fixtures, and equipment. We compute depreciation of tenant improvements using the straight-line method over the lesser of the remaining term of the lease or the estimated useful life.

Stock-Based Compensation — We have granted restricted share awards (“RSAs”), restricted share units (“RSUs”), and performance share units (“PSUs”) to certain employees, independent directors, and nonemployees. Grants were awarded in the name of the recipient subject to certain restrictions of transferability and a risk of forfeiture. Stock-based compensation expense for all equity-classified stock-based compensation awards is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with current accounting guidance for share-based payments, which includes awards granted to certain nonemployees, upon our adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-07 on January 1, 2019. We recognize these compensation costs for only those shares expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service or performance period of the award. We include stock-based compensation within Additional paid-in capital in the consolidated statements of equity and Stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of income.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 70

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains and Losses — We have interests in international real estate investments primarily in Europe, Canada, and Japan, and the primary functional currencies for those investments are the euro, the British pound sterling, the Danish krone, the Canadian dollar, and the Japanese yen. We perform the translation from these currencies to the U.S. dollar for assets and liabilities using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using the average exchange rate during the month in which the transaction occurs. We report the gains and losses resulting from such translation as a component of other comprehensive income in equity. These translation gains and losses are released to net income (within Gain on sale of real estate, net, in the consolidated statements of income) when we have substantially exited from all investments in the related currency (Note 10, Note 13, Note 16).
 
A transaction gain or loss (measured from the transaction date or the most recent intervening balance sheet date, whichever is later), realized upon settlement of a foreign currency transaction generally will be included in net income for the period in which the transaction is settled. Also, foreign currency intercompany transactions that are scheduled for settlement, consisting primarily of accrued interest and the translation to the reporting currency of intercompany debt that is short-term or has scheduled principal payments, are included in the determination of net income (within Other gains and (losses) in the statements of income).
 
The translation impact of foreign currency transactions of a long-term nature (that is, settlement is not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future), in which the entities involved in the transactions are consolidated or accounted for by the equity method in our consolidated financial statements, are not included in net income but are reported as a component of other comprehensive income in equity.

Derivative Instruments — We measure derivative instruments at fair value and record them as assets or liabilities, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges, the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the cash flow hedges representing hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in earnings over the life of the hedge on a systematic and rational basis, as documented at hedge inception in accordance with our accounting policy election. Such gains and losses are recorded within Other gains and (losses) or Interest expense in our consolidated statements of income. The earnings recognition of excluded components is presented in the same line item as the hedged transactions. For derivatives designated and that qualify as a net investment hedge, the change in the fair value and/or the net settlement of the derivative is reported in Other comprehensive income (loss) as part of the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment. Amounts are reclassified out of Other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings (within Gain on sale of real estate, net, in our consolidated statements of income) when the hedged investment is either sold or substantially liquidated. In accordance with fair value measurement guidance, counterparty credit risk is measured on a net portfolio position basis.

Segment Allocation Changes — Beginning with the second quarter of 2020, general and administrative expenses attributed to our Investment Management segment are comprised of the incremental costs of providing services to the Managed Programs, which are fully reimbursed by those funds (resulting in no net expense for us). All other general and administrative expenses are attributed to our Real Estate segment. Previously, general and administrative expenses were allocated based on time incurred by our personnel for the Real Estate and Investment Management segments. In addition, beginning with the second quarter of 2020, stock-based compensation expense and corporate depreciation and amortization expense are fully recognized within our Real Estate segment. In light of the termination of the advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the WLT management internalization (Note 4), we now view essentially all assets, liabilities, and operational expenses as part of our Real Estate segment, other than incremental activities that are expected to wind down as we manage CPA:18 – Global and CESH through the end of their respective life cycles. These changes between the segments had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In addition, our investments in WLT, and income recognized from our investments in WLT, are included within our Real Estate segment, since we are not the advisor to that company. Previously, our investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2, and income recognized from our investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2, were included within our Investment Management segment (Note 4).
 
Income Taxes — We conduct business in various states and municipalities primarily within North America and Europe, and as a result, we or one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. We derive most of our REIT income from our real estate operations under our Real Estate segment. Our domestic real estate operations are generally not subject to federal tax, and accordingly, no provision has been made for U.S. federal income taxes in the consolidated financial statements for these operations. These operations may be subject to certain state and local taxes, as applicable. We conduct our Investment Management operations primarily through TRSs. In
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 71

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
general, a TRS may perform additional services for our tenants and generally may engage in any real estate or non-real estate-related business. These operations are subject to federal, state, local, and foreign taxes, as applicable. Our financial statements are prepared on a consolidated basis including these TRSs and include a provision for current and deferred taxes on these operations.

Significant judgment is required in determining our tax provision and in evaluating our tax positions. We establish tax reserves based on a benefit recognition model, which could result in a greater amount of benefit (and a lower amount of reserve) being initially recognized in certain circumstances. Provided that the tax position is deemed more likely than not of being sustained, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being ultimately realized upon settlement. We derecognize the tax position when it is no longer more likely than not of being sustained.

Our earnings and profits, which determine the taxability of distributions to stockholders, differ from net income reported for financial reporting purposes due primarily to differences in depreciation, including hotel properties, and timing differences of rent recognition and certain expense deductions, for federal income tax purposes.

We recognize deferred income taxes in certain of our subsidiaries taxable in the United States or in foreign jurisdictions. Deferred income taxes are generally the result of temporary differences (items that are treated differently for tax purposes than for GAAP purposes as described in Note 15). In addition, deferred tax assets arise from unutilized tax net operating losses, generated in prior years. Deferred income taxes are computed under the asset and liability method. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between tax bases and financial bases of assets and liabilities. We provide a valuation allowance against our deferred income tax assets when we believe that it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred income tax asset may not be realized. Whenever a change in circumstances causes a change in the estimated realizability of the related deferred income tax asset, the resulting increase or decrease in the valuation allowance is included in deferred income tax expense (benefit).

Earnings Per Share — Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders, as adjusted for unallocated earnings attributable to the nonvested RSUs by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share reflects potentially dilutive securities (RSAs, RSUs, PSUs, and shares available for issuance under our forward sale agreements) using the treasury stock method, except when the effect would be anti-dilutive.
 
Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and the disclosure of contingent amounts in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
 
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses. ASU 2016-13 replaces the “incurred loss” model with an “expected loss” model, resulting in the earlier recognition of credit losses even if the risk of loss is remote. This standard applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including loans receivable and net investments in direct financing leases. This standard does not apply to receivables arising from operating leases, which are within the scope of Topic 842.

We adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method, under which we recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment as a charge to retained earnings of $14.8 million, which is reflected within our consolidated statement of equity.

The allowance for credit losses, which is recorded as a reduction to Net investments in direct financing leases on our consolidated balance sheets, was measured on a pool basis by credit ratings (Note 5), using a probability of default method based on the lessees’ respective credit ratings, the expected value of the underlying collateral upon its repossession, and our historical loss experience related to other direct financing leases. Included in our model are factors that incorporate forward-looking information. Allowance for credit losses is included in our consolidated statements of income within Other gains and (losses).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 72

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. ASU 2020-04 contains practical expedients for reference rate reform-related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives, and other contracts. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. During the first quarter of 2020, we elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 3. Merger with CPA:17 – Global

CPA:17 Merger

On June 17, 2018, we and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a merger agreement with CPA:17 – Global, pursuant to which CPA:17 – Global would merge with and into one of our subsidiaries in exchange for shares of our common stock, subject to approvals of our stockholders and the stockholders of CPA:17 – Global. The CPA:17 Merger and related transactions were approved by both sets of stockholders on October 29, 2018 and completed on October 31, 2018.

At the effective time of the CPA:17 Merger, each share of CPA:17 – Global common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the CPA:17 Merger was canceled and the rights attaching to such share were converted automatically into the right to receive 0.160 shares of our common stock. Each share of CPA:17 – Global common stock owned by us or any of our subsidiaries immediately prior to the effective time of the CPA:17 Merger was automatically canceled and retired, and ceased to exist, for no consideration. In exchange for the 336,715,969 shares of CPA:17 – Global common stock that we and our affiliates did not previously own, we paid total merger consideration of approximately $3.6 billion, consisting of (i) the issuance of 53,849,087 shares of our common stock with a fair value of $3.6 billion, based on the closing price of our common stock on October 31, 2018 of $66.01 per share and (ii) cash of $1.7 million paid in lieu of issuing any fractional shares of our common stock. As a condition of the CPA:17 Merger, we waived certain back-end fees that we would have otherwise been entitled to receive from CPA:17 – Global upon its liquidation pursuant to the terms of our advisory agreement with CPA:17 – Global.

Immediately prior to the closing of the CPA:17 Merger, CPA:17 – Global’s portfolio was comprised of full or partial ownership interests in 410 leased properties (including 137 properties in which we already owned a partial ownership interest), substantially all of which were triple-net leased with a weighted-average lease term of 11.0 years, an occupancy rate of 97.4% (unaudited), and an estimated contractual minimum annualized base rent totaling $364.4 million, as well as 44 self-storage operating properties and one hotel operating property totaling 3.1 million square feet (unaudited). The related property-level debt was comprised of non-recourse mortgage loans with an aggregate consolidated fair value of approximately $1.85 billion with a weighted-average annual interest rate of 4.3% as of October 31, 2018. We acquired equity interests in seven unconsolidated investments in the CPA:17 Merger, four of which were consolidated by CPA:18 – Global and three of which were jointly owned with a third party. These investments owned a total of 28 net-lease properties (which are included in the 410 leased properties described above) and seven self-storage properties (which are included in the 44 self-storage operating properties described above). The debt related to these equity investments was comprised of non-recourse mortgage loans with an aggregate fair value of approximately $467.1 million, of which our proportionate share was $208.2 million, with a weighted-average annual interest rate of 3.6% as of October 31, 2018. From the date of the CPA:17 Merger through December 31, 2018, lease revenues, operating property revenues, and net income from properties acquired were $52.8 million, $8.0 million, and $13.7 million, respectively.

CPA:17 – Global had a senior credit facility (comprised of a term loan and unsecured revolving credit facility) with an outstanding balance of approximately $180.3 million on October 31, 2018, the date of the closing of the CPA:17 Merger. On that date, we repaid in full all amounts outstanding under CPA:17 – Global’s senior credit facility, using funds borrowed under our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (Note 11).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 73

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Purchase Price Allocation

We accounted for the CPA:17 Merger as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. After consideration of all applicable factors pursuant to the business combination accounting rules, we were considered the “accounting acquirer” due to various factors, including the fact that our stockholders held the largest portion of the voting rights in us upon completion of the CPA:17 Merger. Costs related to the CPA:17 Merger have been expensed as incurred and classified within Merger and other expenses in the consolidated statements of income, totaling $41.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
 
Initially, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based upon their preliminary fair values at October 31, 2018. During 2019, we identified certain measurement period adjustments that impacted the provisional accounting, which decreased the total consideration by $8.4 million and decreased total identifiable net assets by $24.2 million, resulting in a $15.8 million increase in goodwill. See Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Supplemental Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities for a summary of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the CPA:17 Merger, which reflects measurement period adjustments since the date of acquisition.

Goodwill
 
The $296.1 million of goodwill recorded in the CPA:17 Merger was primarily due to the premium we paid over CPA:17 – Global’s estimated fair value. Management believes the premium is supported by several factors, including that: the CPA:17 Merger (i) improves our earnings quality, (ii) accelerates our strategy to further simplify our business, (iii) adds a high-quality diversified portfolio of net lease assets that is well-aligned with our existing portfolio, (iv) enhances our overall portfolio metrics, (v) significantly increases our size, scale, and market prominence, and (vi) enhances our overall credit profile.
 
The fair value of the 53,849,087 shares of our common stock issued in the CPA:17 Merger as part of the consideration paid for CPA:17 – Global of $3.6 billion was derived from the closing market price of our common stock on the acquisition date. As required by GAAP, the fair value related to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as the shares exchanged, has been computed as of the date we gained control, which was the closing date of the CPA:17 Merger, in a manner consistent with the methodology described above.
 
Goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.

Equity Investments and Noncontrolling Interests
 
During the fourth quarter of 2018, we recognized a gain on change in control of interests of approximately $29.0 million, which was the difference between the carrying value of approximately $128.7 million and the fair value of approximately $157.6 million of our previously held equity interest in 16,131,967 shares of CPA:17 – Global’s common stock.
 
The CPA:17 Merger also resulted in our acquisition of the remaining interests in six investments in which we already had a joint interest and accounted for under the equity method. Upon acquiring the remaining interests in these investments, we owned 100% of these investments and thus accounted for the acquisitions of these interests utilizing the purchase method of accounting. Due to the change in control of the six jointly owned investments that occurred, we recorded a gain on change in control of interests of approximately $18.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2018, which was the difference between our carrying values and the fair values of our previously held equity interests on October 31, 2018 of approximately $122.3 million and approximately $141.1 million, respectively. Subsequent to the CPA:17 Merger, we consolidate these wholly owned investments. We recorded a loss on change in control of interests of $8.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2019, reflecting adjustments to the difference between our carrying value and the preliminary estimated fair value of one of these former equity interests on October 31, 2018 (Note 6), as a result of a decrease in the purchase price allocated to the investment.
In connection with the CPA:17 Merger, we also acquired the remaining interests in six less-than-wholly-owned investments that we already consolidated and recorded an adjustment to additional paid-in-capital of approximately $102.7 million related to the difference between our carrying values and the fair values of our previously held noncontrolling interests on October 31, 2018 of approximately $206.2 million and approximately $308.9 million, respectively.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 74

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)

The following unaudited consolidated pro forma financial information has been presented as if the CPA:17 Merger had occurred on January 1, 2017 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of what the actual results would have been had the CPA:17 Merger on that date, nor does it purport to represent the results of operations for future periods.
 
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2018
Pro forma total revenues$1,207,820 
Pro forma net income$405,659 
Pro forma net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests1,301 
Pro forma net income attributable to W. P. Carey (a)
$406,960 
___________
(a)The pro forma net income attributable to W. P. Carey through the year ended December 31, 2018 reflects the following income and expenses related to the CPA:17 Merger as if the CPA:17 Merger had taken place on January 1, 2017: (i) combined merger expenses of $58.9 million through December 31, 2018 and (ii) an aggregate gain on change in control of interests of $47.8 million.

Note 4. Agreements and Transactions with Related Parties
 
CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger

Background and Closing

On October 22, 2019, CWI 1 and CWI 2 announced that they had entered into a definitive merger agreement under which the two companies intended to merge in an all-stock transaction, with CWI 2 as the surviving entity. The CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger was approved by the stockholders of CWI 1 and CWI 2 on April 8, 2020 and closed on April 13, 2020. Subsequently, CWI 2 was renamed WLT, as described in Note 1.

In connection with the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, we entered into an internalization agreement and a transition services agreement, which were filed by us as exhibits to a Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 22, 2019. Immediately following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, (i) the advisory agreements with each of CWI 1 and CWI 2 and each of their respective operating partnerships terminated, (ii) the subadvisory agreements with the subadvisors for CWI 1 and CWI 2 were terminated, (iii) pursuant to the internalization agreement, two of our representatives were appointed to the board of directors of WLT (however both representatives resigned from the board of directors of WLT on April 29, 2020), and (iv) we provide certain transition services at cost to WLT for, what is currently expected to be, a period of approximately 12 months from closing, pursuant to a transition services agreement.

Consideration Received

In accordance with the merger agreement, at the effective time of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, each issued and outstanding share of CWI 1’s common stock (or fraction thereof), was converted into the right to receive 0.9106 shares (the “exchange ratio”) of CWI 2 Class A common stock. As a result, we exchanged 6,074,046 shares of CWI 1 common stock for 5,531,025 shares of CWI 2 Class A common stock.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 75

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Pursuant to the internalization agreement, the operating partnerships of each of CWI 1 and CWI 2 redeemed the special general partner interests that we previously held, for which we received 1,300,000 shares of CWI 2 preferred stock with a liquidation preference of $50.00 per share and 2,840,549 shares in CWI 2 Class A common stock (which was a non-cash investing activity). In connection with this redemption, we recognized a non-cash net gain on sale of $33.0 million, which was included within Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2020. This net gain on sale was recorded based on:

•a fair value of $46.3 million for the 1,300,000 shares of CWI 2 preferred stock that we received (Note 9);
•a fair value of $11.6 million for the 2,840,549 shares in CWI 2 common stock that we received (Note 8);
•a gain recognized on the redemption of the noncontrolling interest in the special general partner interests previously held by the respective subadvisors for CWI 1 and CWI 2 of $9.9 million (which is included within Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of income and Redemption of noncontrolling interest in our consolidated statements of equity);
•an allocation of $34.3 million of goodwill within our Investment Management segment in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles—goodwill and other, since the WLT management internalization resulted in a sale of a portion of our Investment Management business (the allocation of goodwill was based on the relative fair value of the portion of the Investment Management business sold) (Note 7); and
•the carrying value of our previously held equity investments in the operating partnerships of CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 8), which totaled $0.5 million on the date of the merger.

We account for our investment in shares of WLT (formerly CWI 2) preferred stock as available-for-sale debt securities, which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, at fair value. We classified this investment as Level 3 because we primarily used a discounted cash flow valuation model that incorporates unobservable inputs to determine its fair value. The fair value of our investment in preferred shares of WLT approximated its carrying value, which was $46.3 million as of December 31, 2020 (Note 9). We will accrue and record dividend income on these preferred shares of 5% per annum, pursuant to the internalization agreement, only recognizing such income when deemed collectible. We did not record dividend income on our investment in preferred shares of WLT during the year ended December 31, 2020.

Prior to the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, we owned 3,836,669 shares of CWI 2 Class A common stock. Following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, execution of the internalization agreement, and CWI 2 being renamed WLT, we own 12,208,243 shares of WLT common stock, which we account for as an equity method investment. We follow the hypothetical liquidation at book value (“HLBV”) model and recognize within equity income our proportionate share of WLT’s earnings based on our ownership of common stock of WLT, after giving effect to preferred dividends owed by WLT. We record our investment in shares of common stock of WLT on a one quarter lag. Our investment in shares of common stock of WLT, which is included in Equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in the consolidated financial statements (as an equity method investment in real estate), had a carrying value of $44.2 million as of December 31, 2020 (Note 8).

Advisory Agreements and Partnership Agreements with the Managed Programs
 
We currently have advisory agreements with CPA:18 – Global and CESH, pursuant to which we earn fees and are entitled to receive reimbursement for certain fund management expenses. Upon completion of the CPA:17 Merger on October 31, 2018 (Note 3), our advisory agreements with CPA:17 – Global were terminated, and we no longer receive fees or reimbursements from CPA:17 – Global. Upon completion of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020, as described above, our advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 were terminated, and we no longer receive fees, reimbursements, or distributions of Available Cash from CWI 1 and CWI 2. We no longer raise capital for new or existing funds, but we currently expect to continue to manage CPA:18 – Global and CESH and earn various fees (as described below) through the end of their respective life cycles. We have partnership agreements with CPA:18 – Global and CESH, and under the partnership agreement with CPA:18 – Global, we are entitled to receive certain cash distributions from its operating partnership.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 76

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables present a summary of revenue earned, reimbursable costs, and distributions of Available Cash received/accrued from the Managed Programs and WLT for the periods indicated, included in the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
 Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Asset management revenue (a)
$21,973 $39,132 $63,556 
Reimbursable costs from affiliates (a)
8,855 16,547 21,925 
Distributions of Available Cash (b)
7,225 21,489 46,609 
Structuring and other advisory revenue (a)
494 4,224 21,126 
Interest income on deferred acquisition fees and loans to affiliates (c)
369 2,237 2,055 
$38,916 $83,629 $155,271 
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
CPA:17 – Global$— $— $58,788 
CPA:18 – Global22,200 26,039 44,969 
CWI 15,662 30,770 28,243 
CWI 24,668 21,584 20,283 
CESH4,723 5,236 2,988 
WLT (reimbursed transition services)1,663 — — 
 $38,916 $83,629 $155,271 
__________
(a)Amounts represent revenues from contracts under ASC 606.
(b)Included within Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in the consolidated statements of income.
(c)Included within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated statements of income.

The following table presents a summary of amounts included in Due from affiliates in the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Short-term loans to affiliates, including accrued interest$21,144 $47,721 
Deferred acquisition fees receivable, including accrued interest1,858 4,450 
Reimbursable costs1,760 3,129 
Asset management fees receivable1,054 1,267 
Accounts receivable305 1,118 
Current acquisition fees receivable136 131 
$26,257 $57,816 

Performance Obligations and Significant Judgments

The fees earned pursuant to our advisory agreements are considered variable consideration. For the agreements that include multiple performance obligations, including asset management and investment structuring services, revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on estimates of the price that we would charge for each promised service if it were sold on a standalone basis.

Judgment is applied in assessing whether there should be a constraint on the amount of fees recognized, such as amounts in excess of certain threshold limits with respect to the contract price or any potential clawback provisions included in certain of our arrangements. We exclude fees subject to such constraints to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of those amounts will occur.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 77

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Asset Management Revenue
 
Under the advisory agreements with the Managed Programs, we earn asset management revenue for managing their investment portfolios. The following table presents a summary of our asset management fee arrangements with the remaining Managed Programs:
Managed ProgramRatePayableDescription
CPA:18 – Global
0.5% – 1.5%
In shares of its Class A common stock and/or cash, at the option of CPA:18 – Global; payable in shares of its Class A common stock for 2018; payable 50% in cash and 50% in shares of its Class A common stock for 2019 and for January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020; payable in shares of its Class A common stock effective as of April 1, 2020
Rate depends on the type of investment and is based on the average market or average equity value, as applicable
CESH1.0%In cashBased on gross assets at fair value

For CWI 1 and CWI 2 (prior to the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020), we earned asset management fees of 0.5% and 0.55%, respectively, of the average market values of their respective investment portfolios, paid in shares of their common stock and Class A common stock, respectively. We were required to pay 20% and 25% of such fees to the subadvisors of CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively.

The performance obligation for asset management services is satisfied over time as services are rendered. The time-based output method is used to measure progress over time, as this is representative of the transfer of the services. We are compensated for our services on a monthly or quarterly basis. However, these services represent a series of distinct daily services under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Accordingly, we satisfy the performance obligation and resolve the variability associated with our fees on a daily basis. We apply the practical expedient and, as a result, do not disclose variable consideration attributable to wholly or partially unsatisfied performance obligations as of the end of the reporting period.

In providing asset management services, we are reimbursed for certain costs. Direct reimbursement of these costs does not represent a separate performance obligation. Payment for asset management services is typically due on the first business day following the month of the delivery of the service.

Structuring and Other Advisory Revenue
 
Under the terms of the advisory agreements with the Managed Programs, we earn revenue for structuring and negotiating investments. For CPA:18 – Global and CESH, we may earn fees of 4.5% and 2.0%, respectively, of the total aggregate cost of the investments or commitments made. For CWI 1 and CWI 2 (prior to the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020), we were entitled to fees for structuring investments and loan refinancings. We were required to pay 20% and 25% of such fees to the subadvisors of CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively.
The performance obligation for investment structuring services is satisfied at a point in time upon the closing of an investment acquisition, when there is an enforceable right to payment, and control (as well as the risks and rewards) has been transferred. Determining when control transfers requires management to make judgments that affect the timing of revenue recognized. Payment is due either on the day of acquisition (current portion) or deferred, as described above (Note 6). We do not believe the deferral of the fees represents a significant financing component.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 78

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Reimbursable Costs from Affiliates
 
The existing Managed Programs reimburse us in cash for certain personnel and overhead costs that we incur on their behalf. For CPA:18 – Global, such costs, excluding those related to our legal transactions group, our senior management, and our investments team, are charged to CPA:18 – Global based on the average of the trailing 12-month aggregate reported revenues of the Managed Programs and us, and personnel costs are capped at 1.0% of CPA:18 – Global’s pro rata lease revenues for 2020, 2019, and 2018; for the legal transactions group, costs are charged according to a fee schedule. For the CWI REITs, the reimbursements were based on actual expenses incurred, excluding those related to our senior management, and allocated between the CWI REITs based on the percentage of their total pro rata hotel revenues for the most recently completed quarter. Reimbursements from the CWI REITs ceased following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020; after that date, we began recording reimbursements from WLT pursuant to a transition services agreement (described above) based on actual expenses incurred. For CESH, reimbursements are based on actual expenses incurred.
 
Distributions of Available Cash
 
We are entitled to receive distributions of up to 10% of the Available Cash (as defined in CPA:18 – Global’s partnership agreement) from the operating partnerships of CPA:18 – Global, payable quarterly in arrears. After completion of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020, we no longer receive distributions of Available Cash from CWI 1 and CWI 2. Prior to the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, we were required to pay 20% and 25% of such distributions to the subadvisors of CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively.

Back-End Fees and Interests in the Managed Programs

Under our advisory agreements with certain of the Managed Programs, we may also receive compensation in connection with providing liquidity events for their stockholders. For CPA:18 – Global, the timing and form of such a liquidity event is at the discretion of its board of directors. Therefore, there can be no assurance as to whether or when any of these back-end fees or interests will be realized. Such back-end fees or interests include or may include disposition fees, interests in disposition proceeds, and distributions related to ownership of shares or limited partnership units in the Managed Programs. As a condition of the CPA:17 Merger, we waived certain back-end fees that we would have been entitled to receive from CPA:17 – Global upon its liquidation pursuant to the terms of our advisory agreement and partnership agreement with CPA:17 – Global (Note 3). Back-end fees and interests related to the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger are described above.

Other Transactions with Affiliates

Loans to Affiliates

From time to time, our Board has approved the making of secured and unsecured loans or lines of credit from us to certain of the Managed Programs, at our sole discretion, generally for the purpose of facilitating acquisitions or for working capital purposes.

The principal outstanding balance on our loans to CESH was $46.3 million as of December 31, 2019, excluding accrued interest of $1.5 million. CESH repaid the principal outstanding balance in full during the year ended December 31, 2020 and the loan matured on October 1, 2020. In addition, the loan agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 were terminated upon completion of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger on April 13, 2020. In July 2020, we provided CPA:18 – Global with a short-term unsecured revolving line of credit, which had a maximum authorized loan amount of $50.0 million and a maturity date of March 31, 2022 as of December 31, 2020. The principal outstanding on this line of credit was $21.1 million as of December 31, 2020.

Other

At December 31, 2020, we owned interests in nine jointly owned investments in real estate (including our investment in shares of common stock of WLT, as described above), with the remaining interests held by affiliates or third parties. We account for eight such investments under the equity method of accounting (Note 8) and consolidate the remaining investment. In addition, we owned stock of CPA:18 – Global and limited partnership units of CESH at that date. We accounted for these investments under the equity method of accounting or at fair value (Note 8).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 79

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 5. Land, Buildings and Improvements and Assets Held for Sale
 
Land, Buildings and Improvements — Operating Leases

Land and buildings leased to others, which are subject to operating leases, and real estate under construction, are summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Land$2,012,688 $1,875,065 
Buildings and improvements8,724,064 7,828,439 
Real estate under construction119,391 69,604 
Less: Accumulated depreciation(1,206,912)(950,452)
$9,649,231 $8,822,656 
 
During 2020, the U.S. dollar weakened against the euro, as the end-of-period rate for the U.S. dollar in relation to the euro increased by 9.2% to $1.2271 from $1.1234. As a result of this fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates, the carrying value of our Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases increased by $269.6 million from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020.

In connection with changes in lease classifications due to extensions of the underlying leases, we reclassified 56 properties with an aggregate carrying value of $183.8 million from Net investments in direct financing leases to Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases during 2020 (Note 6).

During the second quarter of 2019, we entered into net lease agreements for certain self-storage properties previously classified as operating properties. As a result, in June 2019 and August 2019, we reclassified 22 and five consolidated self-storage properties, respectively, with an aggregate carrying value of $287.7 million from Land, buildings and improvements attributable to operating properties to Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases. Effective as of those times, we began recognizing lease revenues from these properties, whereas previously we recognized operating property revenues and expenses from these properties.

Depreciation expense, including the effect of foreign currency translation, on our buildings and improvements subject to operating leases was $258.9 million, $229.0 million, and $162.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 80

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Acquisitions of Real Estate During 2020 — We entered into the following investments, which were deemed to be real estate asset acquisitions, at a total cost of $661.4 million, including land of $105.4 million, buildings of $449.4 million (including capitalized acquisition-related costs of $11.9 million), and net lease intangibles of $106.6 million (dollars in thousands):
Property Location(s)Number of PropertiesDate of AcquisitionProperty TypeTotal Capitalized Costs
Newark, United Kingdom (a)
11/6/2020Warehouse$111,546 
Aurora, Oregon (b)
11/24/2020Industrial28,755 
Vojens, Denmark (a) (c)
11/31/2020Warehouse10,611 
Kitzingen, Germany (a)
13/9/2020Office53,666 
Knoxville, Tennessee16/25/2020Warehouse66,045 
Bluffton and Plymouth, Indiana29/23/2020Industrial44,466 
Huntley, Illinois19/30/2020Industrial39,523 
Various, United States310/12/2020Industrial50,958 
Various, Spain (a)
2710/30/2020Retail101,153 
Little Canada, Minnesota110/30/2020Warehouse34,019 
Hurricane, Utah (d)
112/8/2020Warehouse23,324 
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and Waco, Texas412/10/2020Industrial29,031 
St. Charles, Missouri and Green Bay, Wisconsin212/18/2020Industrial29,726 
Various, United States412/31/2020Industrial38,615 
$661,438 
__________
(a)Amount reflects the applicable exchange rate on the date of acquisition.
(b)Amount includes approximately $5.0 million in contingent consideration that will be released to the tenant/seller upon the tenant securing an easement on the property.
(c)We also recorded an estimated deferred tax liability of $0.5 million, with a corresponding increase to the asset value, since we assumed the tax basis of the acquired property.
(d)We also committed to fund an additional $20.0 million for an expansion at the facility, which is expected to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2022.

The acquired net lease intangibles are comprised of (i) in-place lease intangible assets totaling $109.4 million, which have a weighted-average expected life of 20.6 years, (ii) a below-market rent intangible liability of $10.9 million, which has an expected life of 22.1 years, and (iii) above-market rent intangible assets totaling $8.2 million, which have a weighted-average expected life of 18.7 years.

Acquisitions of Real Estate During 2019 — We entered into 23 investments, which were deemed to be real estate asset acquisitions, at a total cost of $737.5 million, including land of $86.3 million, buildings of $523.3 million (including capitalized acquisition-related costs of $9.6 million), net lease intangibles of $134.9 million, a prepaid rent liability of $6.1 million, a debt premium of $0.8 million (related to the non-recourse mortgage loan assumed in connection with an acquisition), and net other liabilities assumed of $0.1 million.

Acquisitions of Real Estate During 2018 — We entered into 15 investments, which were deemed to be real estate asset acquisitions, at a total cost of $806.9 million, including land of $126.4 million, buildings of $571.6 million (including capitalized acquisition-related costs of $17.3 million), net lease intangibles of $113.7 million, and net other liabilities assumed of $4.8 million.

In addition, as discussed in Note 3, we acquired 232 consolidated properties subject to existing operating leases in the CPA:17 Merger, which increased the carrying value of our Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases by $3.0 billion during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Dollar amounts are based on the exchange rates of the foreign currencies on the dates of activity, as applicable.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 81

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Real Estate Under Construction

During 2020, we capitalized real estate under construction totaling $225.8 million. The number of construction projects in progress with balances included in real estate under construction was five and three as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Aggregate unfunded commitments totaled approximately $81.8 million and $227.8 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

During 2020, we completed the following construction projects, at a total cost of $171.2 million (dollars in thousands):
Property Location(s)Primary Transaction TypeNumber of PropertiesDate of CompletionProperty Type
Total Capitalized Costs (a)
Westborough, MassachusettsRedevelopment11/15/2020Laboratory$53,060 
San Antonio, Texas (b)
Build-to-Suit16/25/2020Industrial78,726 
Marktheidenfeld, Germany (c)
Expansion16/30/2020Warehouse8,254 
Azambuja, Portugal (c)
Expansion19/21/2020Warehouse28,067 
Wichita, KansasExpansion110/15/2020Warehouse3,129 
$171,236 
__________
(a)Amount includes capitalized interest.
(b)Amount includes land of $4.0 million related to a purchase option that we expect to exercise.
(c)Amount reflects the applicable exchange rate on the date of transaction.

During 2020, we commenced a redevelopment project totaling $24.7 million for a warehouse facility in Whitehall, Pennsylvania, which we currently expect to complete in the second quarter of 2021.

During 2020, we committed $7.4 million (based on the exchange rate of the euro at December 31, 2020) to fund a renovation project for an existing tenant at a retail facility in San Donato Milanese, Italy, to convert the facility into office space. We currently expect to complete the project in the third quarter of 2021.

During 2019, we completed seven construction projects, at a total cost of $122.5 million.

During 2018, we completed nine construction projects, at a total cost of $102.5 million.

Dollar amounts are based on the exchange rates of the foreign currencies on the dates of activity, as applicable.

Dispositions of Real Estate

During 2020, we sold 21 properties, which were classified as Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases. As a result, the carrying value of our Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases decreased by $142.9 million from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020.

Lease Termination Income and Other

Lease termination income and other also includes interest income from our loans receivable (Note 6).

2020 — For the year ended December 31, 2020, lease termination income and other on our consolidated statements of income included: (i) income of $4.2 million related to a lease restructuring in May 2019 that led to the recognition of rent receipts during the first and second quarters of 2020 on claims that were previously deemed uncollectible; (ii) income from a parking garage attached to one of our net-leased properties totaling $2.3 million; (iii) deferred maintenance income totaling $1.6 million from former tenants; (iv) lease termination income of $0.6 million; and (v) income of $0.6 million from receipt of proceeds from a bankruptcy claim on a prior tenant.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 82

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2019 — For the year ended December 31, 2019, lease termination income and other on our consolidated statements of income included: (i) income of $9.1 million from receipt of proceeds from a bankruptcy claim on a prior tenant; (ii) income of $8.8 million related to a lease restructuring in May 2019 that led to the recognition of $6.6 million in rent receipts during the third and fourth quarters of 2019 on claims that were previously deemed uncollectible, and a related value-added tax refund of $2.2 million that was recognized in May 2019; (iii) income of $6.2 million related to a lease termination and related master lease restructuring that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2019, for which payment will be received over the remaining lease term of properties held under that master lease; and (iv) income from a parking garage attached to one of our net-leased properties totaling $3.5 million.

Leases

Operating Lease Income

Lease income related to operating leases recognized and included in the consolidated statements of income is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
20202019
Lease income — fixed
$981,430 $898,111 
Lease income — variable (a)
99,193 89,873 
Total operating lease income (b)
$1,080,623 $987,984 
__________
(a)Includes (i) rent increases based on changes in the CPI and other comparable indices and (ii) reimbursements for property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance services.
(b)Excludes $73.9 million and $98.4 million of interest income from direct financing leases that are included in Lease revenues in the consolidated statement of income for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Scheduled Future Lease Payments to be Received
 
Scheduled future lease payments to be received (exclusive of expenses paid by tenants, percentage of sales rents, and future CPI-based adjustments) under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands): 
Years Ending December 31, Total
2021$1,087,184 
20221,069,466 
20231,036,884 
2024965,645 
2025899,414 
Thereafter7,465,238 
Total$12,523,831 

See Note 6 for scheduled future lease payments to be received under non-cancelable direct financing leases.

Lease Cost

Certain information related to the total lease cost for operating leases is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
20202019
Fixed lease cost
$17,616 $14,503 
Variable lease cost
1,089 1,186 
Total lease cost$18,705 $15,689 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 83

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we received sublease income totaling approximately $5.5 million and $5.4 million, respectively, which is included in Lease revenues in the consolidated statements of income.

Other Information

Supplemental balance sheet information related to ROU assets and lease liabilities is as follows (dollars in thousands):
December 31,
Location on Consolidated Balance Sheets20202019
Operating ROU assets — land leasesIn-place lease intangible assets and other$119,590 $114,209 
Operating ROU assets — office leasesOther assets, net61,137 7,519 
Total operating ROU assets$180,727 $121,728 
Operating lease liabilitiesAccounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$151,466 $87,658 
Weighted-average remaining lease term — operating leases29.2 years38.2 years
Weighted-average discount rate — operating leases7.1 %7.8 %
Number of land lease arrangements6864
Number of office space arrangements (a)
76
Lease term range (excluding extension options not reasonably certain of being exercised)
<1 – 100 years
1 – 100 years
__________
(a)The lease for our former office space in New York matured on January 31, 2021.

In the second quarter of 2020, our lease of new office space in New York commenced, with a lease maturity date of May 2036. As a result, we capitalized an office lease right-of-use asset and corresponding operating lease liability, which had carrying values of $59.2 million and $66.5 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2020, and are included within Other assets, net and Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. This is a non-cash transaction.

Cash paid for operating lease liabilities included in Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $15.5 million and $14.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. There are no land or office direct financing leases for which we are the lessee, therefore there are no related ROU assets or lease liabilities.

Undiscounted Cash Flows

A reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows for operating leases recorded on the consolidated balance sheet within Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities as of December 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31, Total
2021$12,550 
202214,556 
202314,375 
202413,206 
202513,152 
Thereafter323,537 
Total lease payments391,376 
Less: amount of lease payments representing interest(239,910)
Present value of future lease payments/lease obligations$151,466 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 84

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Land, Buildings and Improvements — Operating Properties
 
At both December 31, 2020 and 2019, Land, buildings and improvements attributable to operating properties consisted of our investments in ten consolidated self-storage properties and one consolidated hotel. As of December 31, 2019, we reclassified another consolidated hotel to Assets held for sale, net and sold it in January 2020, as described below. Below is a summary of our Land, buildings and improvements attributable to operating properties (in thousands): 
December 31,
20202019
Land$10,452 $10,452 
Buildings and improvements73,024 72,631 
Less: Accumulated depreciation(14,004)(11,241)
$69,472 $71,842 

As described above under Land, Buildings and Improvements — Operating Leases, during the second quarter of 2019, we entered into net lease agreements for certain self-storage properties previously classified as operating properties. As a result, in June 2019 and August 2019, we reclassified 22 and five consolidated self-storage properties, respectively, with an aggregate carrying value of $287.7 million from Land, buildings and improvements attributable to operating properties to Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases.

Depreciation expense on our buildings and improvements attributable to operating properties was $2.8 million, $6.9 million, and $4.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, Operating property revenues totaling $11.4 million were comprised of $9.5 million in lease revenues and $1.9 million in other income (such as food and beverage revenue) from 10 consolidated self-storage properties and two consolidated hotels. For the year ended December 31, 2019, Operating property revenues totaling $50.2 million were comprised of $39.5 million in lease revenues and $10.7 million in other income from 37 consolidated self-storage properties and two consolidated hotels. For the year ended December 31, 2018, Operating property revenues totaling $28.1 million were comprised of $20.9 million in lease revenues and $7.2 million in other income from 37 consolidated self-storage properties and three consolidated hotels. We derive self-storage revenue primarily from rents received from customers who rent storage space under month-to-month leases for personal or business use. We derive hotel revenue primarily from room rentals, as well as food, beverage, and other services.

Assets Held for Sale, Net

Below is a summary of our properties held for sale (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Land, buildings and improvements$14,051 $105,573 
In-place lease intangible assets and other12,754 — 
Above-market rent intangible assets518 — 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(8,733)(1,563)
Assets held for sale, net$18,590 $104,010 

At December 31, 2020, we had four properties classified as Assets held for sale, net, with an aggregate carrying value of $18.6 million. One of these properties was sold in January 2021 (Note 19). At December 31, 2019, we had one hotel operating property classified as Assets held for sale, net, with an aggregate carrying value of $104.0 million. This property was sold in January 2020 (Note 16).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 85

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 6. Finance Receivables
 
Assets representing rights to receive money on demand or at fixed or determinable dates are referred to as finance receivables. Our finance receivables portfolio consists of our Net investments in direct financing leases (net of allowance for credit losses), loans receivable (net of allowance for credit losses), and deferred acquisition fees. Operating leases are not included in finance receivables. See Note 2 and Note 5 for information on ROU operating lease assets recognized in our consolidated balance sheets.
 
Net Investments in Direct Financing Leases
 
Net investments in direct financing leases is summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Lease payments receivable$527,691 $686,149 
Unguaranteed residual value677,722 828,206 
1,205,413 1,514,355 
Less: unearned income(476,365)(617,806)
Less: allowance for credit losses (a)
(17,074)— 
$711,974 $896,549 
__________

(a)In accordance with ASU 2016-13 (Note 2), we applied changes in loss reserves through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings totaling $14.8 million. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded a net allowance for credit losses of $9.7 million on our Net investments in direct financing leases due to changes in expected economic conditions, which was included within Other gains and (losses) in our consolidated statements of income. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2020, we reduced the allowance for credit losses balance by $7.4 million, in connection with the reclassification of certain properties from Net investments in direct financing leases to Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases, as described below.

2020 — Interest income from direct financing leases, which was included in Lease revenues in the consolidated financial statements, was $73.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we sold one property accounted for as a direct financing lease that had an aggregate net carrying value of $0.3 million. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we reclassified 56 properties with a carrying value of $183.8 million from Net investments in direct financing leases to Land, buildings and improvements subject to operating leases in connection with changes in lease classifications due to extensions of the underlying leases (Note 5). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the U.S. dollar weakened against the euro, resulting in an $28.0 million increase in the carrying value of Net investments in direct financing leases from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020.

2019 — Interest income from direct financing leases, which was included in Lease revenues in the consolidated financial statements, was $98.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.

During the third quarter of 2019, we identified measurement period adjustments that impacted the provisional accounting for an investment classified as Net investments in direct financing leases, which was acquired in the CPA:17 Merger on October 31, 2018 (Note 3). Prior to the CPA:17 Merger, we already had a joint interest in this investment and accounted for it under the equity method (subsequent to the CPA:17 Merger, we consolidated this wholly owned investment). As such, the CPA:17 Merger purchase price allocated to this investment decreased by approximately $21.0 million. In addition, we recorded a loss on change in control of interests of $8.4 million during the third quarter of 2019, reflecting adjustments to the difference between our carrying value and the preliminary estimated fair value of this former equity interest on October 31, 2018. We also recorded impairment charges totaling $25.8 million on this investment during the third quarter of 2019 (Note 9).

2018 — Interest income from direct financing leases, which was included in Lease revenues in the consolidated financial statements, was $74.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. In connection with the CPA:17 Merger in October 2018, we acquired 40 consolidated properties subject to direct financing leases with a total fair value of $626.0 million (Note 3).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 86

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Scheduled Future Lease Payments to be Received

Scheduled future lease payments to be received (exclusive of expenses paid by tenants, percentage of sales rents, and future CPI-based adjustments) under non-cancelable direct financing leases at December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31, Total
2021$71,407 
202266,689 
202361,768 
202457,702 
202550,879 
Thereafter219,246 
Total$527,691 

See Note 5 for scheduled future lease payments to be received under non-cancelable operating leases.

Loans Receivable

At December 31, 2019, we had two loans receivable related to a domestic investment with an aggregate carrying value of $47.7 million. In March 2020, one of these loans was partially repaid to us for $11.0 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2020, we recorded an allowance for credit losses of $12.6 million on one of these loans due to changes in expected economic conditions, which was included within Other gains and (losses) in our consolidated statements of income. Our loans receivable are included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, and had a carrying value of $24.1 million (net of allowance for credit losses of $12.6 million) at December 31, 2020. Earnings from our loans receivable are included in Lease termination income and other in the consolidated financial statements, and totaled $1.0 million, $6.2 million, and $1.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. We did not recognize income from our loans receivable during the second, third, or fourth quarters of 2020, since such income was deemed uncollectible as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic (Note 2).
 
Credit Quality of Finance Receivables
 
We generally invest in facilities that we believe are critical to a tenant’s business and therefore have a lower risk of tenant default. At both December 31, 2020 and 2019, other than uncollected income from our loans receivable (as noted above), no material balances of our finance receivables were past due. Other than the lease extensions noted under Net Investments in Direct Financing Leases above, there were no material modifications of finance receivables during the year ended December 31, 2020.

We evaluate the credit quality of our finance receivables utilizing an internal five-point credit rating scale, with one representing the highest credit quality and five representing the lowest. A credit quality of one through three indicates a range of investment grade to stable. A credit quality of four through five indicates a range of inclusion on the watch list to risk of default. The credit quality evaluation of our finance receivables is updated quarterly. We believe the credit quality of our deferred acquisition fees receivable falls under category one, as CPA:18 – Global is expected to have the available cash to make such payments (Note 4).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 87

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
A summary of our finance receivables by internal credit quality rating, excluding our deferred acquisition fees receivable (Note 4) and allowance for credit losses, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Number of Tenants / Obligors at December 31,Carrying Value at December 31,
Internal Credit Quality Indicator20202019
2020 (a)
2019
1 – 31828$587,103 $798,108 
498141,944 146,178 
52—36,737 — 
$765,784 $944,286 
__________
(a)Excludes allowance for credit losses totaling $17.1 million for direct financing leases and $12.6 million for loans receivable as of December 31, 2020.

Note 7. Goodwill and Other Intangibles

We have recorded net lease, internal-use software development, and trade name intangibles that are being amortized over periods ranging from three years to 48 years. In-place lease intangibles, at cost are included in In-place lease intangible assets and other in the consolidated financial statements. Above-market rent intangibles, at cost are included in Above-market rent intangible assets in the consolidated financial statements. Accumulated amortization of in-place lease and above-market rent intangibles is included in Accumulated depreciation and amortization in the consolidated financial statements. Internal-use software development and trade name intangibles are included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements. Below-market rent and below-market purchase option intangibles are included in Below-market rent and other intangible liabilities, net in the consolidated financial statements.

In connection with certain business combinations, including the CPA:17 Merger, we recorded goodwill as a result of consideration exceeding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (Note 2). The goodwill was attributed to our Real Estate reporting unit as it relates to the real estate assets we acquired in such business combinations. The following table presents a reconciliation of our goodwill (in thousands):
Real EstateInvestment ManagementTotal
Balance at January 1, 2018$580,353 $63,607 $643,960 
Acquisition of CPA:17 – Global (Note 3)
280,306 — 280,306 
Foreign currency translation adjustments(3,322)— (3,322)
Balance at December 31, 2018857,337 63,607 920,944 
CPA:17 Merger measurement period adjustments (Note 3)
15,802 — 15,802 
Foreign currency translation adjustments(2,058)— (2,058)
Balance at December 31, 2019871,081 63,607 934,688 
Foreign currency translation adjustments10,403 — 10,403 
Allocation of goodwill based on portion of Investment Management business sold (Note 4)
— (34,273)(34,273)
Balance at December 31, 2020$881,484 $29,334 $910,818 

Current accounting guidance requires that we test for the recoverability of goodwill at the reporting unit level. The test for recoverability must be conducted at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable. We performed our annual test for impairment in October 2020 for goodwill recorded in both segments and found no impairment indicated.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 88

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Intangible assets, intangible liabilities, and goodwill are summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Internal-use software development costs
$19,204 $(15,711)$3,493 $19,582 $(13,491)$6,091 
Trade name3,975 (2,786)1,189 3,975 (1,991)1,984 
23,179 (18,497)4,682 23,557 (15,482)8,075 
Lease Intangibles:
In-place lease2,181,584 (828,219)1,353,365 2,072,642 (676,008)1,396,634 
Above-market rent881,159 (440,952)440,207 909,139 (398,294)510,845 
3,062,743 (1,269,171)1,793,572 2,981,781 (1,074,302)1,907,479 
Indefinite-Lived Goodwill
Goodwill910,818 — 910,818 934,688 — 934,688 
Total intangible assets$3,996,740 $(1,287,668)$2,709,072 $3,940,026 $(1,089,784)$2,850,242 
Finite-Lived Intangible Liabilities
Below-market rent$(270,730)$90,193 $(180,537)$(268,515)$74,484 $(194,031)
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Liabilities
Below-market purchase option(16,711)— (16,711)(16,711)— (16,711)
Total intangible liabilities$(287,441)$90,193 $(197,248)$(285,226)$74,484 $(210,742)

During 2020, the U.S. dollar weakened against the euro, resulting in an increase of $54.0 million in the carrying value of our net intangible assets from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020. Net amortization of intangibles, including the effect of foreign currency translation, was $226.2 million, $272.0 million, and $174.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Amortization of below-market rent and above-market rent intangibles is recorded as an adjustment to Lease revenues and amortization of internal-use software development, trade name, and in-place lease intangibles is included in Depreciation and amortization.
 
Based on the intangible assets and liabilities recorded at December 31, 2020, scheduled annual net amortization of intangibles for each of the next five calendar years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31,Net Decrease in
Lease Revenues		Increase to AmortizationTotal
2021$47,886 $165,930 $213,816 
202240,751 152,888 193,639 
202336,660 141,758 178,418 
202431,895 127,093 158,988 
202527,795 116,546 144,341 
Thereafter74,683 653,832 728,515 
Total$259,670 $1,358,047 $1,617,717 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 89

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 8. Equity Investments in the Managed Programs and Real Estate
 
We own interests in (i) the Managed Programs, (ii) certain unconsolidated real estate investments with CPA:18 – Global and third parties, and (iii) WLT. We account for our interests in these investments under the equity method of accounting (i.e., at cost, increased or decreased by our share of earnings or losses, less distributions, plus contributions and other adjustments required by equity method accounting, such as basis differences) or at fair value by electing the equity method fair value option available under GAAP.

We classify distributions received from equity method investments using the cumulative earnings approach. Distributions received are considered returns on the investment and classified as cash inflows from operating activities. If, however, the investor’s cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods determined to be returns of investment, exceeds cumulative equity in earnings recognized, the excess is considered a return of investment and is classified as cash inflows from investing activities.
 
The following table presents Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate, which represents our proportionate share of the income or losses of these investments, as well as certain adjustments related to other-than-temporary impairment charges and amortization of basis differences related to purchase accounting adjustments (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Other-than-temporary impairment charges on our equity method investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 9)
$(47,112)$— $— 
Gain on redemption of special general partner interests in CWI 1 and CWI 2, net (Note 4)
33,009 — — 
Distributions of Available Cash (Note 4)
7,225 21,489 46,609 
Proportionate share of equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs(1,767)862 3,896 
Amortization of basis differences on equity method investments in the Managed Programs
(895)(1,483)(2,332)
Total equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs(9,540)20,868 48,173 
Other-than-temporary impairment charge on an equity method investment in real estate (Note 9)
(8,276)— — 
Equity in earnings of equity method investments in real estate9 3,408 15,585 
Amortization of basis differences on equity method investments in real estate
(750)(1,047)(2,244)
Total equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in real estate(9,017)2,361 13,341 
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate$(18,557)$23,229 $61,514 
 
Managed Programs
 
We own interests in the Managed Programs and account for these interests under the equity method because, as their advisor, we do not exert control over, but we do have the ability to exercise significant influence over, the Managed Programs. Operating results of the Managed Programs are included in the Investment Management segment.
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 90

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table sets forth certain information about our investments in the Managed Programs (dollars in thousands):
% of Outstanding Shares Owned atCarrying Amount of Investment at
December 31,December 31,
Fund2020201920202019
CPA:18 – Global (a)
4.569 %3.851 %$51,949 $42,644 
CPA:18 – Global operating partnership
0.034 %0.034 %209 209 
CWI 1 (b) (c)
— %3.943 %— 49,032 
CWI 1 operating partnership (b)
— %0.015 %— 186 
CWI 2 (b) (c)
— %3.755 %— 33,669 
CWI 2 operating partnership (b)
— %0.015 %— 300 
CESH (d)
2.430 %2.430 %4,399 3,527 
$56,557 $129,567 
__________
(a)During 2020, we received asset management revenue from CPA:18 – Global primarily in shares of its common stock, which increased our ownership percentage in CPA:18 – Global (Note 4).
(b)The CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger closed on April 13, 2020, as described in Note 4.
(c)We recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges on these investments during 2020, as described in Note 9.
(d)Investment is accounted for at fair value.

CPA:17 – Global — On October 31, 2018, we acquired all of the remaining interests in CPA:17 – Global and the CPA:17 – Global operating partnership in the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3). We received distributions from this investment during the year ended December 31, 2018 of $10.1 million. We received distributions from our investment in the CPA:17 – Global operating partnership during the year ended December 31, 2018 of $26.3 million (Note 4).

CPA:18 – Global — The carrying value of our investment in CPA:18 – Global at December 31, 2020 includes asset management fees receivable, for which 126,482 shares of CPA:18 – Global class A common stock were issued during the first quarter of 2021. We received distributions from this investment during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 of $2.6 million, $3.3 million, and $2.6 million, respectively. We received distributions from our investment in the CPA:18 – Global operating partnership during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 of $7.2 million, $8.1 million, and $9.7 million, respectively (Note 4).

CWI 1 — We received distributions from this investment during the years ended December 31, 2020 (through April 13, 2020, the date of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (Note 4)), 2019, and 2018 of $0.8 million, $2.7 million, and $2.0 million, respectively. We received distributions from our investment in the CWI 1 operating partnership during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 of $7.1 million and $5.1 million, respectively (Note 4). We did not receive such a distribution during 2020 (through April 13, 2020), as a result of the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the operations of CWI 1.

CWI 2 — We received distributions from this investment during the years ended December 31, 2020 (through April 13, 2020, the date of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (Note 4)), 2019, and 2018 of $0.5 million, $1.6 million, and $1.1 million, respectively. We received distributions from our investment in the CWI 2 operating partnership during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 of $6.3 million and $5.5 million, respectively (Note 4). We did not receive such a distribution during 2020 (through April 13, 2020), as a result of the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the operations of CWI 2.

CESH — We have elected to account for our investment in CESH at fair value by selecting the equity method fair value option available under GAAP. We record our investment in CESH on a one quarter lag; therefore, the balance of our equity method investment in CESH recorded as of December 31, 2020 is based on the estimated fair value of our investment as of September 30, 2020. We did not receive distributions from this investment during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, or 2018.

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the aggregate unamortized basis differences on our equity investments in the Managed Programs were $18.8 million and $47.0 million, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to the other-than-temporary impairment charges that we recognized on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 during the year ended December 31, 2020, as described in Note 9.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 91

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables present estimated combined summarized financial information for the Managed Programs, which excludes CWI 1 and CWI 2 after April 13, 2020, the date of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (Note 4). Amounts provided are expected total amounts attributable to the Managed Programs and do not represent our proportionate share (in thousands):
December 31,
20202019
Net investments in real estate$2,461,014 $5,288,318 
Other assets259,531 959,938 
Total assets2,720,545 6,248,256 
Debt(1,441,026)(3,413,924)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(233,161)(468,318)
Total liabilities(1,674,187)(3,882,242)
Noncontrolling interests(55,921)(130,656)
Stockholders’ equity$990,437 $2,235,358 
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues$372,750 $1,184,585 $1,562,688 
Expenses(565,952)(1,146,368)(1,368,051)
(Loss) income from continuing operations$(193,202)$38,217 $194,637 
Net (loss) income attributable to the Managed Programs$(204,156)$8,051 $121,503 

Interests in Other Unconsolidated Real Estate Investments and WLT

We own equity interests in properties that are generally leased to companies through noncontrolling interests in partnerships and limited liability companies that we do not control but over which we exercise significant influence. The underlying investments are jointly owned with affiliates or third parties. In addition, we own shares of WLT common stock, as described in Note 4. We account for these investments under the equity method of accounting. Investments in unconsolidated investments are required to be evaluated periodically for impairment. We periodically compare an investment’s carrying value to its estimated fair value and recognize an impairment charge to the extent that the carrying value exceeds fair value and such decline is determined to be other than temporary. Operating results of our unconsolidated real estate investments are included in the Real Estate segment.

The following table sets forth our ownership interests in our equity investments in real estate, excluding the Managed Programs, and their respective carrying values (dollars in thousands):
Ownership Interest atCarrying Value at December 31,
LesseeCo-ownerDecember 31, 202020202019
Johnson Self StorageThird Party90%$68,979 $70,690 
Kesko Senukai (a)
Third Party70%46,443 46,475 
WLT (b)
WLT5%44,182 — 
BPS Nevada, LLC (c)
Third Party15%23,815 22,900 
Bank Pekao (a) (d)
CPA:18 – Global50%17,850 26,388 
State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.CPA:18 – Global50%15,475 17,232 
Apply Sørco AS (e)
CPA:18 – Global49%7,156 8,040 
Fortenova Grupa d.d. (a)
CPA:18 – Global20%2,989 2,712 
$226,889 $194,437 
__________
(a)The carrying value of this investment is affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate of the euro.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 92

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b)Following the closing of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger, we own 12,208,243 shares of common stock of WLT, which we account for as an equity method investment in real estate. The initial fair value of this investment was based on third-party market data, including implied asset values and market capitalizations for publicly traded lodging REITs. We follow the HLBV model for this investment. We record any earnings from our investment in shares of common stock of WLT on a one quarter lag (Note 4).
(c)This investment is reported using the hypothetical liquidation at book value model, which may be different than pro rata ownership percentages, primarily due to the capital structure of the partnership agreement.
(d)We recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $8.3 million on this investment during 2020, as described in Note 9.
(e)The carrying value of this investment is affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate of the Norwegian krone.

The following tables present estimated combined summarized financial information of our equity investments, including WLT after April 13, 2020 (the date of the CWI 1 and CWI 2 Merger (Note 4)) and excluding the Managed Programs. Summarized financial information for WLT is presented on a quarter lag. Amounts provided are the total amounts attributable to the investments and do not represent our proportionate share (in thousands):
 December 31,
 20202019
Net investments in real estate$3,716,901 $729,442 
Other assets569,130 32,983 
Total assets4,286,031 762,425 
Debt(2,631,588)(455,876)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(509,221)(32,049)
Total liabilities(3,140,809)(487,925)
Noncontrolling interests(51,519)— 
Stockholders’ equity$1,093,703 $274,500 
 Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Revenues$261,025 $66,608 $60,742 
Expenses(367,616)(71,977)(28,422)
(Loss) income from continuing operations$(106,591)$(5,369)$32,320 
Net (loss) income attributable to the jointly owned investments$(98,625)$(5,369)$32,320 

We received aggregate distributions of $17.8 million, $17.0 million, and $17.8 million from our other unconsolidated real estate investments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the aggregate unamortized basis differences on our unconsolidated real estate investments were $16.1 million and $25.2 million, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to the other-than-temporary impairment charge that we recognized on our equity investment in Bank Pekao during the year ended December 31, 2020, as described above and in Note 9.

Note 9. Fair Value Measurements
 
The fair value of an asset is defined as the exit price, which is the amount that would either be received when an asset is sold or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers are: Level 1, for which quoted market prices for identical instruments are available in active markets, such as money market funds, equity securities, and U.S. Treasury securities; Level 2, for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the instrument, such as certain derivative instruments including interest rate caps, interest rate swaps, and foreign currency collars; and Level 3, for securities that do not fall into Level 1 or Level 2 and for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring us to develop our own assumptions.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 93

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The methods and assumptions described below were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument. For significant Level 3 items, we have also provided the unobservable inputs.

Derivative Assets and Liabilities — Our derivative assets and liabilities, which are included in Other assets, net and Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated financial statements, are comprised of foreign currency collars, interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, and stock warrants (Note 10).

The valuation of our derivative instruments (excluding stock warrants) is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, as well as observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves, spot and forward rates, and implied volatilities. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative instruments for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees. These derivative instruments were classified as Level 2 as these instruments are custom, over-the-counter contracts with various bank counterparties that are not traded in an active market.

The stock warrants were measured at fair value using valuation models that incorporate market inputs and our own assumptions about future cash flows. We classified these assets as Level 3 because these assets are not traded in an active market.

Equity Investment in CESH — We have elected to account for our investment in CESH, which is included in Equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in the consolidated financial statements, at fair value by selecting the equity method fair value option available under GAAP (Note 8). We classified this investment as Level 3 because we primarily used valuation models that incorporate unobservable inputs to determine its fair value.

Investment in Shares of Lineage Logistics — We have elected to apply the measurement alternative under ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments — Overall (Subtopic 825-10) to account for our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics, which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements. Under this alternative, the carrying value is adjusted for any impairments or changes in fair value resulting from observable transactions for similar or identical investments in the issuer. We classified this investment as Level 3 because it is not traded in an active market. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we recognized non-cash unrealized gains on our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics totaling $48.3 million and $32.9 million, respectively, due to additional outside investments at a higher price per share, which was recorded within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 15 for further discussion of the impact of Lineage Logistics’s conversion to a REIT during the first quarter of 2020. In addition, in October 2020, we purchased additional shares of Lineage Logistics for $95.5 million. The fair value of this investment was $290.0 million and $146.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Investment in Shares of GCIF — We account for our investment in shares of Guggenheim Credit Income Fund (“GCIF”), which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, at fair value. We classified this investment as Level 2 because we used a quoted price from an inactive market to determine its fair value. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we redeemed a portion of our investment in shares of GCIF for approximately $5.6 million and recognized a net loss of $0.6 million, which was included within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated statements of income. Distributions of earnings from GCIF and unrealized gains or losses recognized on GCIF are recorded within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of our investment in shares of GCIF was $6.1 million and $12.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Investment in Preferred Shares of WLT — We account for our investment in preferred shares of WLT (Note 4), which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, as available-for-sale debt securities at fair value. The fair value was primarily determined by a discounted cash flow approach based on a weighted-average probability analysis of certain redemption options. We classified this investment as Level 3 because the discounted cash flow valuation model incorporates unobservable inputs to determine its fair value, including a cash flow discount rate of 15%. The fair value of our investment in preferred shares of WLT was $46.3 million as of December 31, 2020.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 94

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
We did not have any transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 category of measurements during either the years ended December 31, 2020 or 2019. Gains and losses (realized and unrealized) recognized on items measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in earnings are reported within Other gains and (losses) on our consolidated financial statements.

Our other material financial instruments had the following carrying values and fair values as of the dates shown (dollars in thousands):
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
LevelCarrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
Senior Unsecured Notes, net (a) (b) (c)
2$5,146,192 $5,639,586 $4,390,189 $4,682,432 
Non-recourse mortgages, net (a) (b) (d)
31,145,554 1,148,551 1,462,487 1,487,892 
__________
(a)The carrying value of Senior Unsecured Notes, net (Note 11) includes unamortized deferred financing costs of $23.9 million and $22.8 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The carrying value of Non-recourse mortgages, net includes unamortized deferred financing costs of $0.4 million and $0.6 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(b)The carrying value of Senior Unsecured Notes, net includes unamortized discount of $22.6 million and $20.5 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The carrying value of Non-recourse mortgages, net includes unamortized discount of $4.5 million and $6.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(c)We determined the estimated fair value of the Senior Unsecured Notes using observed market prices in an open market with limited trading volume.
(d)We determined the estimated fair value of our non-recourse mortgage loans using a discounted cash flow model that estimates the present value of the future loan payments by discounting such payments at current estimated market interest rates. The estimated market interest rates consider interest rate risk and the value of the underlying collateral, which includes quality of the collateral, the credit quality of the tenant/obligor, and the time until maturity.
 
We estimated that our other financial assets and liabilities, including amounts outstanding under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility (Note 11), but excluding finance receivables (Note 6), had fair values that approximated their carrying values at both December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis (Including Impairment Charges)

We periodically assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our real estate investments may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Our impairment policies are described in Note 2.
 
The following table presents information about assets for which we recorded an impairment charge and that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
 Fair Value
Measurements		Total Impairment
Charges		Fair Value
Measurements		Total Impairment
Charges		Fair Value
Measurements		Total Impairment
Charges
Impairment Charges
Equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate$55,245 $55,387 $— $— $— $— 
Land, buildings and improvements and intangibles
31,350 35,830 1,012 1,345 7,797 4,790 
Net investments in direct financing leases
— — 33,115 31,194 — — 
$91,217 $32,539 $4,790 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 95

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Impairment charges, and their related triggering events and fair value measurements, recognized during 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:

Equity Investments in the Managed Programs and Real Estate

2020 — During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges of $27.8 million and $19.3 million on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively, to reduce the carrying values of our investments to their estimated fair values, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which had an adverse effect on the operations of CWI 1 and CWI 2. The fair value measurements were estimated based on implied asset value changes and changes in market capitalizations for publicly traded lodging REITs, all of which was obtained from third-party market data. These other-than-temporary impairment charges are reflected within Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in our consolidated statements of income.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $8.3 million on a jointly-owned real estate investment to reduce the carrying value of our investment to its estimated fair value, which declined due to an uncertain probability of lease renewal with the tenant at the international office facility owned by the investment (lease expiration is in May 2023). The fair value measurement was determined by relying on an estimate of the fair market value of the property and the related mortgage loan, both provided by a third party.

Land, Buildings and Improvements and Intangibles

2020 — During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized impairment charges totaling $35.8 million on six properties in order to reduce the carrying values of the properties to their estimated fair values, as follows:

•$16.0 million on two properties leased to the same tenant, due to potential property vacancies; the fair value measurements for the properties were determined using a direct capitalization rate analysis based on the probability of vacancy versus the tenant continuing in the lease; the capitalization rate for the various scenarios ranged from 6% to 11%;
•$12.6 million on an international property due to a tenant bankruptcy; the fair value measurement for the property was determined by using a probability-weighted approach of lease restructure and vacancy scenarios;
•$3.4 million on an international property based on its estimated selling price; the property was sold in September 2020;
•$2.8 million on an international property due to a lease expiration and resulting vacancy; the fair value measurement for the property approximated its estimated selling price; and
•$1.0 million on a property based on its estimated selling price.

2019 — During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized an impairment charge of $1.3 million on a property in order to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated fair value. The fair value measurement for this property approximated its estimated selling price, and this property was sold in February 2020.

2018 — During the year ended December 31, 2018, we recognized impairment charges totaling $4.8 million on two properties in order to reduce the carrying values of the properties to their estimated fair values, which was $3.9 million in each case. We recognized an impairment charge of $3.8 million on one of those properties due to a tenant bankruptcy and the resulting vacancy, and the fair value measurement for the property was determined by estimating discounted cash flows using market rent assumptions. We recognized an impairment charge of $1.0 million on the other property due to a lease expiration and resulting vacancy, and the fair value measurement for the property approximated its estimated selling price. This property was sold in July 2019.

Net Investments in Direct Financing Leases

2019 — During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized impairment charges totaling $31.2 million on five properties accounted for as Net investments in direct financing leases, primarily due to a lease restructuring, based on the cash flows expected to be derived from the underlying assets (discounted at the rate implicit in the lease), in accordance with ASC 310, Receivables.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 96

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 10. Risk Management and Use of Derivative Financial Instruments

Risk Management

In the normal course of our ongoing business operations, we encounter economic risk. There are four main components of economic risk that impact us: interest rate risk, credit risk, market risk, and foreign currency risk. We are primarily subject to interest rate risk on our interest-bearing liabilities, including our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility and Senior Unsecured Notes (Note 11). Credit risk is the risk of default on our operations and our tenants’ inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments. Market risk includes changes in the value of our properties and related loans, as well as changes in the value of our other securities and the shares or limited partnership units we hold in the Managed Programs due to changes in interest rates or other market factors. We own investments in North America, Europe, and Japan and are subject to risks associated with fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates.

Derivative Financial Instruments
 
When we use derivative instruments, it is generally to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate movements. We have not entered into, and do not plan to enter into, financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. In addition to entering into derivative instruments on our own behalf, we may also be a party to derivative instruments that are embedded in other contracts, and we may be granted common stock warrants by lessees when structuring lease transactions, which are considered to be derivative instruments. The primary risks related to our use of derivative instruments include a counterparty to a hedging arrangement defaulting on its obligation and a downgrade in the credit quality of a counterparty to such an extent that our ability to sell or assign our side of the hedging transaction is impaired. While we seek to mitigate these risks by entering into hedging arrangements with large financial institutions that we deem to be creditworthy, it is possible that our hedging transactions, which are intended to limit losses, could adversely affect our earnings. Furthermore, if we terminate a hedging arrangement, we may be obligated to pay certain costs, such as transaction or breakage fees. We have established policies and procedures for risk assessment and the approval, reporting, and monitoring of derivative financial instrument activities.

We measure derivative instruments at fair value and record them as assets or liabilities, depending on our rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges, the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. Gains and losses on the cash flow hedges representing hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in earnings over the life of the hedge on a systematic and rational basis, as documented at hedge inception in accordance with our accounting policy election. Such gains and losses are recorded within Other gains and (losses) or Interest expense in our consolidated statements of income. The earnings recognition of excluded components is presented in the same line item as the hedged transactions. For derivatives designated and that qualify as a net investment hedge, the change in the fair value and/or the net settlement of the derivative is reported in Other comprehensive income (loss) as part of the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment. Amounts are reclassified out of Other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings (within Gain on sale of real estate, net, in our consolidated statements of income) when the hedged net investment is either sold or substantially liquidated.

All derivative transactions with an individual counterparty are governed by a master International Swap and Derivatives Association agreement, which can be considered as a master netting arrangement; however, we report all our derivative instruments on a gross basis on our consolidated financial statements. At both December 31, 2020 and 2019, no cash collateral had been posted nor received for any of our derivative positions.
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 97

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our derivative instruments (in thousands):
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Balance Sheet LocationAsset Derivatives Fair Value atLiability Derivatives Fair Value at
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Foreign currency collars
Other assets, net
$3,489 $14,460 $— $— 
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other assets, net
— 9,689 — — 
Interest rate capsOther assets, net— 1 — — 
Interest rate swaps
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
— — (5,859)(4,494)
Foreign currency collars
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
— — (15,122)(1,587)
3,489 24,150 (20,981)(6,081)
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Stock warrantsOther assets, net5,800 5,000 — — 
Interest rate swap
Other assets, net
— 8 — — 
Interest rate swaps
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
— — — (93)
5,800 5,008 — (93)
Total derivatives$9,289 $29,158 $(20,981)$(6,174)

The following tables present the impact of our derivative instruments in the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on Derivatives in
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (a)
Years Ended December 31,
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships 202020192018
Foreign currency collars$(24,818)$5,997 $9,029 
Foreign currency forward contracts(5,272)(4,253)(1,905)
Interest rate swaps(1,553)(1,666)(1,560)
Interest rate caps6 219 (68)
Derivatives in Net Investment Hedging Relationships (b)
Foreign currency collars9 10 — 
Foreign currency forward contracts— 7 (2,630)
Total$(31,628)$314 $2,866 
Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Reclassified from
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other gains and (losses)
$5,716 $9,582 $6,533 
Foreign currency collars
Other gains and (losses)
4,956 5,759 2,359 
Interest rate swaps and capsInterest expense(1,818)(2,256)(400)
Derivatives in Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Foreign currency forward contracts (c)
Gain on sale of real estate, net
— — 7,609 
Total$8,854 $13,085 $16,101 
__________
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 98

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(a)Excludes net losses of $0.3 million, $1.4 million and $0.6 million, recognized on unconsolidated jointly owned investments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
(b)The changes in fair value of these contracts are reported in the foreign currency translation adjustment section of Other comprehensive income (loss).
(c)We reclassified net foreign currency transaction gains from net investment hedge foreign currency forward contracts related to our Australian investments from Accumulated other comprehensive loss to Gain on sale of real estate, net (as an increase to Gain on sale of real estate, net) in connection with the disposal of all of our Australian investments in December 2018 (Note 13, Note 16).

Amounts reported in Other comprehensive income (loss) related to interest rate swaps will be reclassified to Interest expense as interest is incurred on our variable-rate debt. Amounts reported in Other comprehensive income (loss) related to foreign currency derivative contracts will be reclassified to Other gains and (losses) when the hedged foreign currency contracts are settled. As of December 31, 2020, we estimate that an additional $3.3 million and $4.1 million will be reclassified as interest expense and other losses, respectively, during the next 12 months.

The following table presents the impact of our derivative instruments in the consolidated financial statements (in thousands):
Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Recognized in Income
Derivatives Not in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Foreign currency collars
Other gains and (losses)
$(2,477)$184 $455 
Stock warrants
Other gains and (losses)
800 (500)(99)
Interest rate swaps
Other gains and (losses)
106 (118)(20)
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other gains and (losses)
(43)575 356 
Interest rate swaps
Interest expense
— 265 — 
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Interest rate swaps
Interest expense
2,132 (941)286 
Interest rate caps
Interest expense
— (220)— 
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other gains and (losses)
— (132)132 
Foreign currency collars
Other gains and (losses)
— 7 18 
Total$518 $(880)$1,128 

See below for information on our purposes for entering into derivative instruments.

Interest Rate Swaps and Caps

We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily through our borrowing activities. To limit this exposure, we generally seek long-term debt financing on a fixed-rate basis. However, from time to time, we or our investment partners have obtained, and may in the future obtain, variable-rate, non-recourse mortgage loans and, as a result, we have entered into, and may continue to enter into, interest rate swap agreements or interest rate cap agreements with counterparties. Interest rate swaps, which effectively convert the variable-rate debt service obligations of a loan to a fixed rate, are agreements in which one party exchanges a stream of interest payments for a counterparty’s stream of cash flow over a specific period. The notional, or face, amount on which the swaps are based is not exchanged. Interest rate caps limit the effective borrowing rate of variable-rate debt obligations while allowing participants to share in downward shifts in interest rates. Our objective in using these derivatives is to limit our exposure to interest rate movements.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 99

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The interest rate swaps and caps that our consolidated subsidiaries had outstanding at December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows (currency in thousands):
Interest Rate Derivatives Number of InstrumentsNotional
Amount
Fair Value at
December 31, 2020 (a)
Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments
Interest rate swaps573,907 USD$(4,255)
Interest rate swaps248,427 EUR(1,604)
Interest rate cap111,076 EUR— 
Interest rate cap16,394 GBP— 
$(5,859)
__________ 
(a)Fair value amounts are based on the exchange rate of the euro or British pound sterling at December 31, 2020, as applicable.
 
Foreign Currency Collars
 
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate movements, primarily in the euro and, to a lesser extent, the British pound sterling, the Danish krone, the Norwegian krone, and certain other currencies. In order to hedge certain of our foreign currency cash flow exposures, we enter into foreign currency collars. A foreign currency collar consists of a written call option and a purchased put option to sell the foreign currency at a range of predetermined exchange rates. A foreign currency collar guarantees that the exchange rate of the currency will not fluctuate beyond the range of the options’ strike prices. Our foreign currency collars have maturities of 62 months or less.
 
The following table presents the foreign currency derivative contracts we had outstanding at December 31, 2020 (currency in thousands):
Foreign Currency Derivatives Number of InstrumentsNotional
Amount		Fair Value at
December 31, 2020
Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments
Foreign currency collars104335,500 EUR$(9,677)
Foreign currency collars8347,300 GBP(1,956)
$(11,633)

Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features

We measure our credit exposure on a counterparty basis as the net positive aggregate estimated fair value of our derivatives, net of any collateral received. No collateral was received as of December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020, both our total credit exposure and the maximum exposure to any single counterparty was $0.6 million.

Some of the agreements we have with our derivative counterparties contain cross-default provisions that could trigger a declaration of default on our derivative obligations if we default, or are capable of being declared in default, on certain of our indebtedness. At December 31, 2020, we had not been declared in default on any of our derivative obligations. The estimated fair value of our derivatives in a net liability position was $25.1 million and $9.6 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which included accrued interest and any nonperformance risk adjustments. If we had breached any of these provisions at December 31, 2020 or 2019, we could have been required to settle our obligations under these agreements at their aggregate termination value of $25.6 million and $9.9 million, respectively.

Net Investment Hedges

We have completed five offerings of euro-denominated senior notes, each with a principal amount of €500.0 million, which we refer to as the 2.0% Senior Notes due 2023, 2.25% Senior Notes due 2024, 2.250% Senior Notes due 2026, 2.125% Senior Notes due 2027, and 1.350% Senior Notes due 2028 (Note 11). In addition, at December 31, 2020, the amounts borrowed in Japanese yen and euro outstanding under our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (Note 11) were ¥2.4 billion and €48.0 million, respectively. Also, at December 31, 2020, the amounts borrowed in British pound sterling and euro outstanding under our Unsecured Term Loans (Note 11) were £150.0 million and €96.5 million, respectively. These borrowings are designated as,
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 100

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
and are effective as, economic hedges of our net investments in foreign entities. Exchange rate variations impact our financial results because the financial results of our foreign subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars each period, with the effect of exchange rate variations being recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss) as part of the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment. As a result, changes in the value of our borrowings under our euro-denominated senior notes and changes in the value of our euro, Japanese yen, and British pound sterling borrowings under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility, related to changes in the spot rates, will be reported in the same manner as foreign currency translation adjustments, which are recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss) as part of the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment. Such (losses) gains related to non-derivative net investment hedges were $(280.4) million, $33.4 million, and $66.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

Note 11. Debt

Senior Unsecured Credit Facility

On February 20, 2020, we amended and restated our senior unsecured credit facility to increase its capacity from approximately $1.85 billion to approximately $2.1 billion, comprised of (i) a $1.8 billion unsecured revolving credit facility for our working capital needs, acquisitions, and other general corporate purposes (our “Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility”), (ii) a £150.0 million term loan (our “Term Loan”), and (iii) a €96.5 million delayed draw term loan (our “Delayed Draw Term Loan”). We refer to our Term Loan and Delayed Draw Term Loan collectively as the “Unsecured Term Loans” and the entire facility collectively as our “Senior Unsecured Credit Facility.”

The Senior Unsecured Credit Facility includes the ability to borrow in certain currencies other than U.S. dollars and has a maturity date of February 20, 2025. The aggregate principal amount (of revolving and term loans) available under the Senior Unsecured Credit Facility may be increased up to an amount not to exceed the U.S. dollar equivalent of $2.75 billion, subject to the conditions to increase set forth in our credit agreement. In connection with the amendment and restatement of our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility, we capitalized deferred financing costs totaling $10.0 million, which are being amortized to Interest expense over the remaining term of the Senior Unsecured Credit Facility.

On February 20, 2020, we drew down our Term Loan in full by borrowing £150.0 million (equivalent to $193.1 million). On March 27, 2020, we drew down our Delayed Draw Term Loan in full by borrowing €96.5 million (equivalent to $105.9 million).

At December 31, 2020, our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility had available capacity of $1.7 billion (net of amounts reserved for standby letters of credit totaling $20.9 million). We incur an annual facility fee of 0.20% of the total commitment on our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, which is included within Interest expense in our consolidated statements of income.

The following table presents a summary of our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility (dollars in thousands):
Interest Rate at December 31, 2020 (a)
Maturity Date at December 31, 2020Principal Outstanding Balance at
December 31,
Senior Unsecured Credit Facility20202019
Unsecured Term Loans:
Term Loan — borrowing in British pounds sterling (b)
GBP LIBOR + 0.95%
2/20/2025$204,737 $— 
Delayed Draw Term Loan — borrowing in euros (c)
EURIBOR + 0.95%
2/20/2025118,415 — 
323,152 — 
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility:
Borrowing in euros
EURIBOR + 0.85%
2/20/202558,901 131,438 
Borrowing in Japanese yen
JPY LIBOR + 0.85%
2/20/202523,380 22,295 
Borrowing in British pounds sterlingN/AN/A— 47,534 
82,281 201,267 
$405,433 $201,267 
__________
(a)The applicable interest rate at December 31, 2020 was based on the credit rating for our Senior Unsecured Notes of BBB/Baa2.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 101

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(b)Balance excludes unamortized discount of $1.2 million at December 31, 2020.
(c)EURIBOR means Euro Interbank Offered Rate.

Senior Unsecured Notes

As set forth in the table below, we have euro and U.S. dollar-denominated senior unsecured notes outstanding with an aggregate principal balance outstanding of $5.2 billion at December 31, 2020 (the “Senior Unsecured Notes”). On October 14, 2020, we completed an underwritten public offering of $500.0 million of 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031, at a price of 99.099% of par value. These 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031 have a 10.3-year term and are scheduled to mature on February 1, 2031.

Interest on the Senior Unsecured Notes is payable annually in arrears for our euro-denominated senior notes and semi-annually for U.S. dollar-denominated senior notes. The Senior Unsecured Notes can be redeemed at par within three months of their respective maturities, or we can call the notes at any time for the principal, accrued interest, and a make-whole amount based upon the applicable government bond yield plus 30 to 35 basis points. The following table presents a summary of our Senior Unsecured Notes outstanding at December 31, 2020 (currency in millions):
Principal AmountPrice of Par ValueOriginal Issue Discount Effective Interest RateCoupon RateMaturity DatePrincipal Outstanding Balance at December 31,
Senior Unsecured Notes, net (a)
Issue Date20202019
2.0% Senior Notes due 2023
1/21/2015€500.0 99.220 %$4.6 2.107 %2.0 %1/20/2023$613.5 $561.7 
4.6% Senior Notes due 2024
3/14/2014$500.0 99.639 %$1.8 4.645 %4.6 %4/1/2024500.0 500.0 
2.25% Senior Notes due 2024
1/19/2017€500.0 99.448 %$2.9 2.332 %2.25 %7/19/2024613.5 561.7 
4.0% Senior Notes due 2025
1/26/2015$450.0 99.372 %$2.8 4.077 %4.0 %2/1/2025450.0 450.0 
2.250% Senior Notes due 2026
10/9/2018€500.0 99.252 %$4.3 2.361 %2.250 %4/9/2026613.5 561.7 
4.25% Senior Notes due 2026
9/12/2016$350.0 99.682 %$1.1 4.290 %4.25 %10/1/2026350.0 350.0 
2.125% Senior Notes due 2027
3/6/2018€500.0 99.324 %$4.2 2.208 %2.125 %4/15/2027613.5 561.7 
1.350% Senior Notes due 2028
9/19/2019€500.0 99.266 %$4.1 1.442 %1.350 %4/15/2028613.5 561.7 
3.850% Senior Notes due 2029
6/14/2019$325.0 98.876 %$3.7 3.986 %3.850 %7/15/2029325.0 325.0 
2.400% Senior Notes due 2031
10/14/2020$500.0 99.099 %$4.5 2.500 %2.400 %2/1/2031500.0 — 
$5,192.5 $4,433.5 
__________
(a)Aggregate balance excludes unamortized deferred financing costs totaling $23.8 million and $22.8 million, and unamortized discount totaling $22.5 million and $20.5 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Proceeds from the issuances of each of these notes were used primarily to partially pay down the amounts then outstanding under the senior unsecured credit facility that we had in place at that time and/or to repay certain non-recourse mortgage loans. In connection with the offering of the 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031 in October 2020, we incurred financing costs totaling $4.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2020, which are included in Senior Unsecured Notes, net in the consolidated financial statements and are being amortized to Interest expense over the term of the 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031.

Covenants

The Credit Agreement, each of the Senior Unsecured Notes, and certain of our non-recourse mortgage loan agreements include customary financial maintenance covenants that require us to maintain certain ratios and benchmarks at the end of each quarter. The Credit Agreement also contains various customary affirmative and negative covenants applicable to us and our subsidiaries, subject to materiality and other qualifications, baskets, and exceptions as outlined in the Credit Agreement. We were in compliance with all of these covenants at December 31, 2020.

We may make unlimited Restricted Payments (as defined in the Credit Agreement), as long as no non-payment default or financial covenant default has occurred before, or would on a pro forma basis occur as a result of, the Restricted Payment. In addition, we may make Restricted Payments in an amount required to (i) maintain our REIT status and (ii) as a result of that status, not pay federal or state income or excise tax, as long as the loans under the Credit Agreement have not been accelerated and no bankruptcy or event of default has occurred.

Obligations under the Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility may be declared immediately due and payable upon the occurrence of certain events of default as defined in the Credit Agreement, including failure to pay any principal when due and payable, failure to pay interest within five business days after becoming due, failure to comply with any covenant, representation or
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 102

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
condition of any loan document, any change of control, cross-defaults, and certain other events as set forth in the Credit Agreement, with grace periods in some cases.

Non-Recourse Mortgages

Non-recourse mortgages consist of mortgage notes payable, which are collateralized by the assignment of real estate properties. For a list of our encumbered properties, please see Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation. At December 31, 2020, the weighted-average interest rates for our fixed-rate and variable-rate non-recourse mortgage notes payable were 4.8% and 2.8%, respectively, with maturity dates ranging from March 2021 to September 2031.

CPA:17 Merger

In connection with the CPA:17 Merger on October 31, 2018 (Note 3), we assumed property-level debt comprised of non-recourse mortgage loans with fair values totaling $1.85 billion and recorded an aggregate fair market value net discount of $20.4 million. The fair market value net discount will be amortized to interest expense over the remaining lives of the related loans. These non-recourse mortgage loans had a weighted-average annual interest rate of 4.3% on the merger date.

Repayments During 2020

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we (i) repaid non-recourse mortgage loans at or close to maturity with an aggregate principal balance of approximately $225.9 million and (ii) prepaid non-recourse mortgage loans totaling $68.5 million. The weighted-average interest rate for these non-recourse mortgage loans on their respective dates of repayment was 5.1%. Amounts are based on the exchange rate of the related foreign currency as of the date of repayment, as applicable. We primarily used proceeds from shares issued under our forward sale agreements (Note 13) and proceeds from the issuance of senior notes to fund these repayments.

Repayments During 2019

During the year ended December 31, 2019, we (i) prepaid non-recourse mortgage loans totaling $1.0 billion and (ii) repaid non-recourse mortgage loans at or close to maturity with an aggregate principal balance of approximately $142.7 million. We recognized an aggregate net loss on extinguishment of debt of $14.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily comprised of prepayment penalties, which is included in Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated statements of income. The weighted-average interest rate for these non-recourse mortgage loans on their respective dates of repayment was 4.4%. Amounts are based on the exchange rate of the related foreign currency as of the date of repayment, as applicable. We primarily used proceeds from issuances of common stock under our ATM Programs (Note 13) and proceeds from the issuances of senior notes to fund these prepayments.

Interest Paid

For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, interest paid was $190.6 million, $208.4 million, and $157.3 million, respectively.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Impact

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the U.S. dollar weakened against the euro, resulting in an aggregate increase of $304.2 million in the aggregate carrying values of our Non-recourse mortgages, net, Senior Unsecured Credit Facility, and Senior Unsecured Notes, net from December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 103

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Scheduled Debt Principal Payments

Scheduled debt principal payments as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31, 
Total (a)
2021$90,624 
2022447,575 
2023962,106 
20241,235,444 
2025955,767 
Thereafter through 20313,057,090 
Total principal payments6,748,606 
Unamortized discount, net (b)
(28,279)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(24,329)
Total$6,695,998 
__________
(a)Certain amounts are based on the applicable foreign currency exchange rate at December 31, 2020.
(b)Represents the unamortized discount on the Senior Unsecured Notes of $22.5 million in aggregate, unamortized discount, net, of $4.5 million in aggregate primarily resulting from the assumption of property-level debt in connection with business combinations, and unamortized discount of $1.2 million on the Term Loan.

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies
 
At December 31, 2020, we were not involved in any material litigation. Various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business are pending against us. The results of these proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Note 13. Equity

Common Stock

Dividends paid to stockholders consist of ordinary income, capital gains, return of capital or a combination thereof for income tax purposes. Our dividends per share are summarized as follows:
 Dividends Paid
During the Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Ordinary income$3.3112 $3.1939 $3.5122 
Capital gains0.8528 0.0187 0.5578 
Return of capital— 0.9194 —
Total dividends paid (a)
$4.1640 $4.1320 $4.0700 
__________
(a)A portion of dividends paid during 2019 has been applied to 2018 for income tax purposes.

During the fourth quarter of 2020, our Board declared a quarterly dividend of $1.046 per share, which was paid on January 15, 2021 to stockholders of record as of December 31, 2020.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 104

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Earnings Per Share
 
Under current authoritative guidance for determining earnings per share, all nonvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered to be participating securities and therefore are included in the computation of earnings per share under the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common shares and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. We apply the two-class method of computing earnings per share because during prior years, certain of our nonvested RSUs contained rights to receive non-forfeitable dividend equivalents or dividends. The calculation of earnings per share below excludes the income attributable to the nonvested participating RSUs from the numerator and such nonvested shares in the denominator. The following table summarizes basic and diluted earnings (in thousands, except share amounts):
 Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey$455,359 $305,243 $411,566 
Net income attributable to nonvested participating RSUs— (77)(340)
Net income – basic and diluted$455,359 $305,166 $411,226 
Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic174,504,406 171,001,430 117,494,969 
Effect of dilutive securities335,022 297,984 211,476 
Weighted-average shares outstanding – diluted174,839,428 171,299,414 117,706,445 
 
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, there were no potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.

At-The-Market Equity Offering Program

On August 9, 2019, we filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC, pursuant to which we may offer and sell shares of our common stock from time to time, up to an aggregate gross sales price of $750.0 million, through a continuous “at-the-market” offering program (“ATM Program”) with a syndicate of banks. The related equity sales agreement contemplates that, in addition to issuing shares of our common stock through or to the banks acting as sales agents or as principal for their own accounts, we may also enter into separate forward sale agreements with participating banks or their affiliates acting as forward purchasers. Effective as of that date, we terminated a prior ATM Program that was established on February 27, 2019. Previously, on February 27, 2019, we also terminated an earlier ATM Program that was established on March 1, 2017.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we issued 2,500 shares of our common stock under our current ATM Program at a weighted-average price of $72.05 per share for net proceeds of $0.2 million. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we issued 6,672,412 shares of our common stock under our current and former ATM Programs at a weighted-average price of $79.70 per share for net proceeds of $523.3 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we issued 4,229,285 shares of our common stock under a prior ATM Program at a weighted-average price of $69.03 per share for net proceeds of $287.5 million. As of December 31, 2020, $616.5 million remained available for issuance under our current ATM Program.

Forward Equity Offering

On June 17, 2020, we entered into an underwriting agreement, as well as certain forward sale agreements, with a syndicate of banks acting as underwriters, forward sellers, and/or forward purchasers in connection with an underwritten public offering of 4,750,000 shares of common stock at an initial forward sale price of $68.35 per share. The underwriters were granted a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 712,500 shares of common stock at the initial forward sale price, which they fully exercised on June 18, 2020. Therefore, at closing on June 22, 2020, the forward purchasers borrowed from third parties and sold to the underwriters an aggregate of 5,462,500 shares of common stock, which the underwriters sold at a gross offering price of $70.00 per share, for gross proceeds of approximately $382.4 million. As a result of this forward construct, we did not receive any proceeds from the sale of such shares at closing.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 105

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we settled a portion of the equity forwards by physically delivering 2,951,791 shares of common stock to certain forward purchasers for net proceeds of $199.7 million, which were primarily used to partially pay down amounts outstanding under our Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2020, 2,510,709 shares remained outstanding under the forward sale agreements. We expect to settle the forward sale agreements in full within 18 months of the offering date via physical delivery of the outstanding shares of common stock in exchange for cash proceeds, although we may elect cash settlement or net share settlement for all or a portion of our obligations under the forward sale agreements, subject to certain conditions. The forward sale price that we will receive upon physical settlement of the agreements will be (i) subject to adjustment on a daily basis based on a floating interest rate factor equal to a specified daily rate less a spread (i.e., if the specified daily rate is less than the spread on any day, the interest rate factor will result in a daily reduction of the applicable forward sale price) and (ii) decreased based on amounts related to expected dividends on shares of our common stock during the term of the forward sale agreements.

We determined that the forward sale agreements meet the criteria for equity classification and are therefore exempt from derivative accounting. We recorded the forward sale agreements at fair value at inception, which we determined to be zero. Subsequent changes to fair value are not required under equity classification.

Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
 
We accounted for the noncontrolling interest in our subsidiary, W. P. Carey International, LLC (“WPCI”), held by a third party as a redeemable noncontrolling interest, because, pursuant to a put option held by the third party, we had an obligation to redeem the interest at fair value, subject to certain conditions. This obligation was required to be settled in shares of our common stock. On October 1, 2013, we received a notice from the holder of the noncontrolling interest in WPCI regarding the exercise of the put option, pursuant to which we were required to purchase the third party’s 7.7% interest in WPCI. Pursuant to the terms of the related put agreement, the value of that interest was determined based on a third-party valuation as of October 31, 2013, which is the end of the month that the put option was exercised. In March 2016, we issued 217,011 shares of our common stock to the holder of the redeemable noncontrolling interest, which had a value of $13.4 million at the date of issuance, pursuant to a formula set forth in the put agreement. However, the third party did not formally transfer his interests in WPCI to us pursuant to the put agreement at that time because of a dispute regarding any amounts that might still be owed to him. In September 2018, we negotiated a settlement of that dispute, and as a result, we recorded an adjustment of $0.3 million to Additional paid-in capital in our consolidated statement of equity for the year ended December 31, 2018 to reflect the redemption value of the third party’s interest. As part of the settlement, the third party acknowledged that all of his interests in WPCI have been transferred to us and all disputes between the parties were resolved. We have no further obligation related to this redeemable noncontrolling interest as of December 31, 2018.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 106

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables present a reconciliation of changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the periods presented (in thousands):
Gains and (Losses) on Derivative InstrumentsForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsGains and (Losses) on InvestmentsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2018$9,172 $(245,022)$(161)$(236,011)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications13,415 (52,069)154 (38,500)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to:
Gain on sale of real estate, net (Note 10, Note 16)
— 20,226 — 20,226 
Other gains and (losses)
(8,892)— — (8,892)
Interest expense
400 — — 400 
Total(8,492)20,226 — 11,734 
Net current period other comprehensive loss4,923 (31,843)154 (26,766)
Net current period other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests7 7,774 — 7,781 
Balance at December 31, 201814,102 (269,091)(7)(254,996)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications12,031 376 7 12,414 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to:
Other gains and (losses)(15,341)— — (15,341)
Interest expense2,256 — — 2,256 
Total(13,085)— — (13,085)
Net current period other comprehensive loss(1,054)376 7 (671)
Balance at December 31, 201913,048 (268,715)— (255,667)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications(23,124)47,746 — 24,622 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to:
Other gains and (losses)(10,672)— — (10,672)
Interest expense1,818 — — 1,818 
Total(8,854)— — (8,854)
Net current period other comprehensive income(31,978)47,746 — 15,768 
Net current period other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(7)— — (7)
Balance at December 31, 2020$(18,937)$(220,969)$— $(239,906)

See Note 10 for additional information on our derivatives activity recognized within Other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 107

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 14. Stock-Based and Other Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

At December 31, 2020, we maintained several stock-based compensation plans as described below. The total compensation expense (net of forfeitures) for awards issued under these plans was $15.9 million, $18.8 million, and $18.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, which was included in Stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated financial statements. Approximately $4.2 million of the stock-based compensation expense recorded during the year ended December 31, 2018 was attributable to the modification of RSUs and PSUs in connection with the retirement of our former chief executive officer in February 2018. The tax benefit recognized by us related to these awards totaled $4.7 million, $5.1 million, and $6.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were reflected as a deferred tax benefit within Benefit from (provision for) income taxes in the consolidated financial statements.
 
2017 Share Incentive Plan
 
We maintain the 2017 Share Incentive Plan, which authorizes the issuance of up to 4,000,000 shares of our common stock. The 2017 Share Incentive Plan provides for the grant of various stock- and cash-based awards, including (i) share options, (ii) RSUs, (iii) PSUs, (iv) RSAs, and (v) dividend equivalent rights. At December 31, 2020, 3,018,891 shares remained available for issuance under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan, which is more fully described in the 2019 Annual Report.
 
Employee Share Purchase Plan
 
We sponsor an employee share purchase plan (“ESPP”) pursuant to which eligible employees may contribute up to 10% of compensation, subject to certain limits, to purchase our common stock semi-annually at a price equal to 90% of the fair market value at certain plan defined dates. Compensation expense under this plan for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was less than $0.1 million. Cash received from purchases under the ESPP during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $0.4 million, $0.3 million, and $0.2 million, respectively.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 108

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Restricted and Conditional Awards
 
Nonvested RSAs, RSUs, and PSUs at December 31, 2020 and changes during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:
RSA and RSU AwardsPSU Awards
SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair ValueSharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2018324,339 $61.43 281,299 $74.57 
Granted137,519 64.50 75,864 75.81 
Vested (a)
(181,777)62.25 (66,632)76.96 
Forfeited (3,079)61.71 (3,098)76.49 
Adjustment (b)
— — 43,783 74.17 
Nonvested at December 31, 2018277,002 62.41 331,216 78.82 
Granted163,447 72.86 84,006 92.16 
Vested (a)
(152,364)62.11 (403,701)74.04 
Forfeited(4,108)68.10 (2,829)75.81 
Adjustment (b)
— — 322,550 77.69 
Nonvested at December 31, 2019283,977 68.51 331,242 80.90 
Granted (c)
146,162 81.02 90,518 104.65 
Vested (a)
(163,607)69.62 (156,838)80.42 
Forfeited(5,555)71.69 (6,715)88.94 
Adjustment (b)
— — 3,806 62.07 
Nonvested at December 31, 2020 (d)
260,977 $74.75 262,013 $88.99 
__________
(a)The grant date fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $24.0 million, $39.4 million, and $16.4 million, respectively. Employees have the option to take immediate delivery of the shares upon vesting or defer receipt to a future date pursuant to previously made deferral elections. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had an obligation to issue 986,859 and 893,713 shares, respectively, of our common stock underlying such deferred awards, which is recorded within Total stockholders’ equity as a Deferred compensation obligation of $42.0 million and $37.3 million, respectively.
(b)Vesting and payment of the PSUs is conditioned upon certain company and/or market performance goals being met during the relevant three-year performance period. The ultimate number of PSUs to be vested will depend on the extent to which the performance goals are met and can range from zero to three times the original awards. As a result, we recorded adjustments to reflect the number of shares expected to be issued when the PSUs vest.
(c)The grant date fair value of RSAs and RSUs reflect our stock price on the date of grant on a one-for-one basis. The grant date fair value of PSUs was determined utilizing (i) a Monte Carlo simulation model to generate an estimate of our future stock price over the three-year performance period and (ii) future financial performance projections. To estimate the fair value of PSUs granted during the year ended December 31, 2020, we used a risk-free interest rate of 1.6%, an expected volatility rate of 15.2%, and assumed a dividend yield of zero.
(d)At December 31, 2020, total unrecognized compensation expense related to these awards was approximately $19.3 million, with an aggregate weighted-average remaining term of 1.7 years.

At the end of each reporting period, we evaluate the ultimate number of PSUs we expect to vest based upon the extent to which we have met and expect to meet the performance goals and where appropriate, revise our estimate and associated expense. We do not adjust the associated expense for revision on PSUs expected to vest based on market performance. Upon vesting, the RSUs and PSUs may be converted into shares of our common stock. Both the RSUs and PSUs carry dividend equivalent rights. Dividend equivalent rights on RSUs issued under the predecessor employee plan are paid in cash on a quarterly basis, whereas dividend equivalent rights on RSUs issued under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan are accrued and paid in cash only when the underlying shares vest, which is generally on an annual basis; dividend equivalents on PSUs accrue during the performance period and are converted into additional shares of common stock at the conclusion of the performance period to the extent the PSUs vest. Dividend equivalent rights are accounted for as a reduction to retained earnings to the extent that the awards are expected to vest.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 109

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Profit-Sharing Plan
 
We sponsor a qualified profit-sharing plan and trust that generally permits all employees, as defined by the plan, to make pre-tax contributions into the plan. We are under no obligation to contribute to the plan and the amount of any contribution is determined by and at the discretion of our Board. In December 2020, 2019, and 2018, our Board determined that the contribution to the plan for each of those respective years would be 10% of an eligible participant’s compensation, up to the legal maximum allowable in each of those years of $28,500 for 2020, $28,000 for 2019, and $27,500 for 2018. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, amounts expensed for contributions to the trust were $1.9 million, $2.1 million, and $2.6 million, respectively, which were included in General and administrative expenses in the consolidated financial statements. The profit-sharing plan is a deferred compensation plan and is therefore considered to be outside the scope of current accounting guidance for stock-based compensation.

Note 15. Income Taxes

Income Tax Provision

The components of our (benefit from) provision for income taxes for the periods presented are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Federal
Current$(1,118)$407 $(829)
Deferred (a)
(33,040)9,579 3,275 
(34,158)9,986 2,446 
State and Local
Current3,284 (3,814)4,820 
Deferred (a)
(7,756)(376)3,042 
(4,472)(4,190)7,862 
Foreign
Current26,137 20,363 16,791 
Deferred(8,266)52 (12,688)
17,871 20,415 4,103 
Total (Benefit from) Provision for Income Taxes$(20,759)$26,211 $14,411 
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 110

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
A reconciliation of effective income tax for the periods presented is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Pre-tax (loss) income attributable to taxable subsidiaries (b) (c) (d)
$(56,789)$74,754 $98,245 
Federal provision at statutory tax rate (21%)
$(11,926)$15,698 $20,632 
Revocation of TRS Status (a)
(37,249)— (6,285)
Change in valuation allowance13,946 11,041 6,735 
Tax expense related to allocation of goodwill based on portion of Investment Management business sold (Note 4)
7,203 — — 
Non-deductible expense6,303 5,313 4,996 
State and local taxes, net of federal benefit2,336 4,062 7,590 
Windfall tax benefit(2,132)(5,183)(3,754)
Rate differential (e)
(632)(6,820)(14,165)
Non-taxable income(2)103 (736)
Other1,394 1,997 (602)
Total (benefit from) provision for income taxes$(20,759)$26,211 $14,411 
__________
(a)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes an aggregate deferred tax benefit of $37.2 million as a result of the release of a deferred tax liability relating to our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 9), which converted to a REIT during the year and is therefore no longer subject to federal and state income taxes
(b)Pre-tax loss attributable to taxable subsidiaries for 2020 was primarily driven by: (i) a portion of the other-than-temporary impairment charges totaling $47.1 million recognized on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 (Note 9), (ii) the allocation of $34.3 million of goodwill within our Investment Management segment as a result of the WLT management internalization (Note 4), and (iii) an impairment charge of $12.6 million recognized on an international property (Note 9).
(c)Pre-tax income attributable to taxable subsidiaries for 2019 includes unrealized gains on our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics totaling $32.9 million (prior to its REIT conversion in 2020, as described below) (Note 9).
(d)Pre-tax income attributable to taxable subsidiaries for 2018 includes taxable income associated with the accelerated vesting of shares previously issued by CPA:17 – Global to us for asset management services performed, in connection with the CPA:17 Merger.
(e)Amount for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes a current tax benefit of approximately $6.3 million due to a change in tax position for state and local taxes.

Benefit from income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes a deferred tax benefit of $6.3 million as a result of the other-than-temporary impairment charges that we recognized on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2 during the year (Note 9).

In light of the COVID-19 outbreak during the first quarter of 2020, we continue to monitor domestic and international tax considerations and the potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) (U.S. federal legislation enacted on March 27, 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic) provides that net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, or 2020 may be carried back to offset taxable income earned during the five-year period prior to the year in which the net operating loss was incurred. As a result, we recognized a $4.7 million current tax benefit during the year ended December 31, 2020 by carrying back certain net operating losses, which is included in Benefit from income taxes disclosed in the tables above.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 111

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Deferred Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes at December 31, 2020 and 2019 consist of the following (in thousands):
 December 31,
 20202019
Deferred Tax Assets  
Net operating loss and other tax credit carryforwards$49,869 $51,265 
Basis differences — foreign investments43,089 31,704 
Lease liabilities (a)
14,144 1,472 
Unearned and deferred compensation9,753 10,345 
Other— 246 
Total deferred tax assets116,855 95,032 
Valuation allowance(86,069)(73,643)
Net deferred tax assets30,786 21,389 
Deferred Tax Liabilities  
Basis differences — foreign investments(145,838)(137,074)
ROU assets (a)
(12,618)(1,163)
Basis differences — equity investees(2,364)(53,460)
Deferred revenue(97)(100)
Other(632)— 
Total deferred tax liabilities(161,549)(191,797)
Net Deferred Tax Liability$(130,763)$(170,408)
__________
(a)Balances represent our basis differences for our office leases on domestic taxable subsidiaries. Basis differences on our foreign ground leases are included within the line item Basis differences — foreign investments.

Certain ROU assets and lease liabilities are now presented in the table above. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Our deferred tax assets and liabilities are primarily the result of temporary differences related to the following:

•Basis differences between tax and GAAP for certain international real estate investments. For income tax purposes, in certain acquisitions, we assume the seller’s basis, or the carry-over basis, in the acquired assets. The carry-over basis is typically lower than the purchase price, or the GAAP basis, resulting in a deferred tax liability with an offsetting increase to goodwill or the acquired tangible or intangible assets;
•Timing differences generated by differences in the GAAP basis and the tax basis of assets such as those related to capitalized acquisition costs, straight-line rent, prepaid rents, and intangible assets, as well as unearned and deferred compensation;
•Basis differences in equity investments represents fees earned in shares recognized under GAAP into income and deferred for U.S. taxes based upon a share vesting schedule; and
•Tax net operating losses in certain subsidiaries, including those domiciled in foreign jurisdictions, that may be realized in future periods if the respective subsidiary generates sufficient taxable income. Certain net operating losses and interest carryforwards were subject to limitations as a result of the CPA:17 Merger, and thus could not be applied to reduce future income tax liabilities.

As of December 31, 2020, U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards were $16.1 million and $12.1 million, respectively, which will begin to expire in 2033. As of December 31, 2020, net operating loss carryforwards in foreign jurisdictions were $56.2 million, which will begin to expire in 2021.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 112

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The net deferred tax liability in the table above is comprised of deferred tax asset balances, net of certain deferred tax liabilities and valuation allowances, of $15.1 million and $8.9 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which are included in Other assets, net in the consolidated balance sheets, and other deferred tax liability balances of $145.8 million and $179.3 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which are included in Deferred income taxes in the consolidated balance sheets.

Our taxable subsidiaries recognize tax positions in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. A position that meets this standard is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized on settlement. A liability is established for differences between positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the financial statements.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):
 Years Ended December 31,
 20202019
Beginning balance$5,756 $6,105 
Decrease due to lapse in statute of limitations(783)(497)
Addition based on tax positions related to the current year591 543 
Foreign currency translation adjustments515 (108)
Addition (decrease) based on tax positions related to the prior year233 (287)
Ending balance$6,312 $5,756 
 
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had unrecognized tax benefits as presented in the table above that, if recognized, would have a favorable impact on our effective income tax rate in future periods. These unrecognized tax benefits are recorded as liabilities within Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had approximately $1.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively, of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions.

Income Taxes Paid

Income taxes paid were $43.5 million, $35.3 million, and $23.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

Real Estate Operations
 
We elected to be taxed as a REIT under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code effective as of February 15, 2012. In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required, among other things, to distribute at least 90% of our REIT net taxable income to our stockholders and meet certain tests regarding the nature of our income and assets. As a REIT, we are not subject to federal income taxes on our income and gains that we distribute to our stockholders as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally relating to the nature of our income and the level of our distributions, as well as other factors. We believe that we have operated, and we intend to continue to operate, in a manner that allows us to continue to qualify as a REIT. We conduct business primarily in North America and Europe, and as a result, we or one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state, local, and foreign jurisdictions.
 
Investment Management Operations
 
We conduct our investment management services in our Investment Management segment through TRSs. Our use of TRSs enables us to engage in certain businesses while complying with the REIT qualification requirements and also allows us to retain income generated by these businesses for reinvestment without the requirement to distribute those earnings. Certain of our inter-company transactions that have been eliminated in consolidation for financial accounting purposes are also subject to taxation. Periodically, shares in the Managed REITs that are payable to our TRSs in consideration of services rendered are distributed from TRSs to us.
 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 113

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Tax authorities in the relevant jurisdictions may select our tax returns for audit and propose adjustments before the expiration of the statute of limitations. Our tax returns filed for tax years 2015 through 2019 or any ongoing audits remain open to adjustment in the major tax jurisdictions.

Note 16. Property Dispositions
 
We have an active capital recycling program, with a goal of extending the average lease term through reinvestment, improving portfolio credit quality through dispositions and acquisitions of assets, increasing the asset criticality factor in our portfolio, and/or executing strategic dispositions of assets. We may decide to dispose of a property when it is vacant as a result of tenants vacating space, tenants electing not to renew their leases, tenant insolvency, or lease rejection in the bankruptcy process. In such cases, we assess whether we can obtain the highest value from the property by selling it, as opposed to re-leasing it. We may also sell a property when we receive an unsolicited offer or negotiate a price for an investment that is consistent with our strategy for that investment. When it is appropriate to do so, we classify the property as an asset held for sale on our consolidated balance sheet. All property dispositions are recorded within our Real Estate segment.

2020 — During the year ended December 31, 2020, we sold 22 properties for total proceeds, net of selling costs, of $366.5 million (inclusive of $4.7 million attributable to a noncontrolling interest), and recognized a net gain on these sales totaling $109.4 million (inclusive of income taxes totaling $3.0 million recognized upon sale and $0.6 million attributable to a noncontrolling interest). Disposition activity included the sale of one of our two hotel operating properties in January 2020 for total proceeds, net of selling costs, of $103.5 million (inclusive of $4.7 million attributable to a noncontrolling interest), which was held for sale as of December 31, 2019 (Note 5).

2019 — During the year ended December 31, 2019, we sold 14 properties for total proceeds, net of selling costs, of $308.0 million and recognized a net gain on these sales totaling $10.9 million (inclusive of income taxes totaling $1.2 million recognized upon sale).

In June 2019, a loan receivable was repaid in full to us for $9.3 million, which resulted in a net loss of $0.1 million (Note 6).

In October 2019, we transferred ownership of six properties and the related non-recourse mortgage loan, which had an aggregate asset carrying value of $42.3 million and a mortgage carrying value of $43.4 million (including a $13.8 million discount on the mortgage loan), respectively, on the date of transfer, to the mortgage lender, resulting in a net gain of $8.3 million (outstanding principal balance was $56.4 million and we wrote off $5.6 million of accrued interest payable).

In addition, in December 2019, we transferred ownership of a property and the related non-recourse mortgage loan, which had an aggregate asset carrying value of $10.4 million and a mortgage carrying value of $8.2 million (including a $0.5 million discount on the mortgage loan), respectively, on the date of transfer, to the mortgage lender, resulting in a net loss of $1.0 million (outstanding principal balance was $8.7 million and we wrote off $0.9 million of accrued interest payable).

2018 — During the year ended December 31, 2018, we sold 49 properties for total proceeds, net of selling costs, of $431.6 million and recognized a net gain on these sales totaling $112.3 million (inclusive of income taxes totaling $21.8 million recognized upon sale). Disposition activity included the sale of one of our hotel operating properties in April 2018. In connection with the sale of 28 properties in Australia in December 2018, and in accordance with ASC 830-30-40, Foreign Currency Matters, we reclassified an aggregate of $20.2 million of net foreign currency translation losses, including net gains of $7.6 million from net investment hedge forward currency contracts (Note 10), from Accumulated other comprehensive loss to Gain on sale of real estate, net (as a reduction to Gain on sale of real estate, net), since the sale represented a disposal of all of our Australian investments (Note 13).

In addition, in June 2018, we completed a nonmonetary transaction, in which we disposed of 23 properties in exchange for the acquisition of one property leased to the same tenant. This swap was recorded based on the fair value of the property acquired of $85.5 million, which resulted in a net gain of $6.3 million, and was a non-cash investing activity (Note 5).

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 114

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 17. Segment Reporting

We evaluate our results from operations by our two major business segments: Real Estate and Investment Management (Note 1). The following tables present a summary of comparative results and assets for these business segments (in thousands):

Real Estate
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues
Lease revenues$1,154,504 $1,086,375 $744,498 
Lease termination income and other12,094 36,268 6,555 
Operating property revenues (a)
11,399 50,220 28,072 
1,177,997 1,172,863 779,125 
Operating Expenses
Depreciation and amortization (b)
441,948 443,300 287,461 
General and administrative (b)
70,127 56,796 47,210 
Reimbursable tenant costs56,409 55,576 28,076 
Property expenses, excluding reimbursable tenant costs44,067 39,545 22,773 
Impairment charges35,830 32,539 4,790 
Stock-based compensation expense (b)
15,247 13,248 10,450 
Operating property expenses9,901 38,015 20,150 
Merger and other expenses(937)101 41,426 
672,592 679,120 462,336 
Other Income and Expenses
Interest expense(210,087)(233,325)(178,375)
Gain on sale of real estate, net109,370 18,143 118,605 
Other gains and (losses)46,074 30,251 30,015 
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in real estate(9,017)2,361 13,341 
(Loss) gain on change in control of interests— (8,416)18,792 
(63,660)(190,986)2,378 
Income before income taxes441,745 302,757 319,167 
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes18,498 (30,802)844 
Net Income from Real Estate460,243 271,955 320,011 
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(731)110 (12,775)
Net Income from Real Estate Attributable to W. P. Carey$459,512 $272,065 $307,236 















W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 115

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Investment Management
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues
Asset management revenue$21,973 $39,132 $63,556 
Reimbursable costs from affiliates8,855 16,547 21,925 
Structuring and other advisory revenue494 4,224 21,126 
31,322 59,903 106,607 
Operating Expenses
Reimbursable costs from affiliates8,855 16,547 21,925 
General and administrative (b)
5,823 18,497 21,127 
Subadvisor fees1,469 7,579 9,240 
Merger and other expenses1,184 — — 
Depreciation and amortization (b)
987 3,835 3,979 
Stock-based compensation expense (b)
691 5,539 7,844 
19,009 51,997 64,115 
Other Income and Expenses
Equity in (losses) earnings of equity method investments in the
Managed Programs		(9,540)20,868 48,173 
Other gains and (losses)678 1,224 (102)
Gain on change in control of interests
— — 29,022 
(8,862)22,092 77,093 
Income before income taxes3,451 29,998 119,585 
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes2,261 4,591 (15,255)
Net Income from Investment Management5,712 34,589 104,330 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(9,865)(1,411)— 
Net (Loss) Income from Investment Management Attributable to
W. P. Carey		$(4,153)$33,178 $104,330 

Total Company
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues$1,209,319 $1,232,766 $885,732 
Operating expenses
691,601 731,117 526,451 
Other income and expenses(72,522)(168,894)79,471 
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes20,759 (26,211)(14,411)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(10,596)(1,301)(12,775)
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey$455,359 $305,243 $411,566 
Total Assets at December 31,
20202019
Real Estate$14,582,015 $13,811,403 
Investment Management (c)
125,621 249,515 
Total Company$14,707,636 $14,060,918 
__________

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 116

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(a)Operating property revenues from our hotels include (i) $4.0 million, $15.0 million, and $15.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, generated from a hotel in Bloomington, Minnesota (revenues decreased due to the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel’s operations), (ii) $1.9 million, $14.4 million, and $1.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, generated from a hotel in Miami, Florida, which was acquired in the CPA:17 Merger (Note 3) and sold in January 2020 (Note 16), and (iii) $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, generated from a hotel in Memphis, Tennessee, which was sold in April 2018 (Note 16).
(b)Beginning with the second quarter of 2020, general and administrative expenses attributed to our Investment Management segment are comprised of the incremental costs of providing services to the Managed Programs, which are fully reimbursed by those funds (resulting in no net expense for us). All other general and administrative expenses are attributed to our Real Estate segment. Previously, general and administrative expenses were allocated based on time incurred by our personnel for the Real Estate and Investment Management segments. In addition, beginning with the second quarter of 2020, stock-based compensation expense and corporate depreciation and amortization expense are fully recognized within our Real Estate segment. In light of the termination of the advisory agreements with CWI 1 and CWI 2 in connection with the WLT management internalization (Note 4), we now view essentially all assets, liabilities, and operational expenses as part of our Real Estate segment, other than incremental activities that are expected to wind down as we manage CPA:18 – Global and CESH through the end of their respective life cycles (Note 2). These changes between the segments had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
(c)Following the WLT management internalization and redemption of the special general partner interests in CWI 1 and CWI 2 on April 13, 2020, we no longer own equity investments in those funds, which were previously included within our Investment Management segment (Note 2, Note 4, Note 8). Our investment in shares of common stock of WLT is included within our Real Estate segment (as an equity method investment in real estate) (Note 8). In addition, we allocated $34.3 million of goodwill within our Investment Management segment during the year ended December 31, 2020, since the WLT management internalization resulted in a sale of a portion of our Investment Management business (Note 4, Note 7).

Our portfolio is comprised of domestic and international investments. At December 31, 2020, our international investments within our Real Estate segment were comprised of investments in Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Denmark, Croatia, France, Finland, Canada, Mexico, Norway, Hungary, Lithuania, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Sweden, Slovakia, Austria, Japan, Belgium, Latvia, and Estonia. We sold all of our investments in Australia during 2018 (Note 16). No tenant or international country individually comprised at least 10% of our total lease revenues for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, or 2018, or at least 10% of our total long-lived assets at December 31, 2020 or 2019. Revenues and assets within our Investment Management segment are entirely domestic. The following tables present the geographic information for our Real Estate segment (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Revenues
Domestic$756,763 $783,828 $499,342 
International421,234 389,035 279,783 
Total$1,177,997 $1,172,863 $779,125 
 December 31,
 20202019
Long-lived Assets (a)
Domestic$7,565,663 $7,574,110 
International4,796,766 4,342,635 
Total$12,362,429 $11,916,745 
Equity Investments in Real Estate
Domestic$152,451 $110,822 
International74,438 83,615 
Total$226,889 $194,437 
__________
(a)Consists of Net investments in real estate.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 117

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 18. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2020June 30, 2020September 30, 2020December 31, 2020
Revenues$308,999 $290,530 $302,419 $307,371 
Expenses192,987 158,379 162,239 177,996 
Net income66,702 115,204 149,434 134,615 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(612)(9,904)(37)(43)
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey66,090 105,300 149,397 134,572 
Earnings per share attributable to W. P. Carey:
Basic (a)
$0.38 $0.61 $0.85 $0.76 
Diluted (a)
$0.38 $0.61 $0.85 $0.76 
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2019June 30, 2019September 30, 2019December 31, 2019
Revenues$298,323 $305,211 $318,005 $311,227 
Expenses177,722 179,170 198,409 175,816 
Net income68,796 66,121 41,835 129,792 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(302)(83)(496)(420)
Net income attributable to W. P. Carey68,494 66,038 41,339 129,372 
Earnings per share attributable to W. P. Carey:
Basic (a)
$0.41 $0.39 $0.24 $0.75 
Diluted (a)
$0.41 $0.38 $0.24 $0.75 
__________
(a)The sum of the quarterly basic and diluted earnings per share amounts may not agree to the full year basic and diluted earnings per share amounts because the calculations of basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for each quarter and the full year are performed independently.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 118

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 19. Subsequent Events

Acquisitions and Completed Construction Projects

In January and February 2021, we completed investments totaling approximately $203.1 million. Acquisitions totaling $149.3 million are as follows:

•$75.0 million for two food production and cold storage facilities in California;
•$55.2 million for seven automotive dealerships and three office facilities in New Jersey and Pennsylvania; and
•$19.1 million for two industrial facilities in Grove City, OH, and Anderson, South Carolina.

It is not practicable to disclose the preliminary purchase price allocations for these transactions given the short period of time between the acquisition dates and the filing of this Report.

Completed construction projects totaling approximately $53.8 million are as follows:

•$51.3 million for a build-to-suit project for a headquarters and industrial facility in Langen, Germany (based on the exchange rate of the euro on the date of completion); and
•$2.5 million for an expansion at an office facility in Mason, Ohio.

Dispositions

In January 2021, we sold a fitness facility in Salt Lake City, Utah, for gross proceeds of $12.5 million. This property was classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2020 (Note 5).

Dividend from our Investment in Shares of Lineage Logistics

In January 2021, we received a cash dividend of $6.4 million from our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (Note 9).
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 119

W. P. CAREY INC.
SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Years Ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
(in thousands) 
DescriptionBalance at
Beginning
of Year		 Other AdditionsDeductionsBalance at
End of Year
Year Ended December 31, 2020
Valuation reserve for deferred tax assets$73,643 $31,470 $(19,044)$86,069 
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Valuation reserve for deferred tax assets$54,499 $22,384 $(3,240)$73,643 
Year Ended December 31, 2018
Valuation reserve for deferred tax assets$39,155 $30,557 $(15,213)$54,499 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 120

W. P. CAREY INC.
SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Land, Buildings and Improvements Subject to Operating Leases
Industrial facilities in Erlanger, KY$— $1,526 $21,427 $2,966 $(84)$1,526 $24,309 $25,835 $14,240 1979; 1987Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Thurmont, MD and Farmington, NY— 729 5,903 — — 729 5,903 6,632 2,633 1964; 1983Jan. 1998
15 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Anchorage, AK and Commerce, CA— 4,905 11,898 — 12 4,905 11,910 16,815 6,399 1948; 1975Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Toledo, OH— 224 2,408 — — 224 2,408 2,632 1,806 1966Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Goshen, IN— 239 940 — — 239 940 1,179 510 1973Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Office facility in Raleigh, NC— 1,638 2,844 187 (2,554)828 1,287 2,115 969 1983Jan. 1998
20 yrs.
Office facility in King of Prussia, PA— 1,219 6,283 1,295 — 1,219 7,578 8,797 4,233 1968Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Pinconning, MI— 32 1,692 — — 32 1,692 1,724 973 1948Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Sylmar, CA5,970 2,052 5,322 — (1,889)1,494 3,991 5,485 2,307 1962; 1979Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Retail facilities in several cities in the following states: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas— 9,382 — 238 14,696 9,025 15,291 24,316 7,217 VariousJan. 1998
15 yrs.
Industrial facility in Glendora, CA— 1,135 — — 1,942 1,152 1,925 3,077 385 1950Jan. 1998
10 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Doraville, GA— 3,288 9,864 17,079 (11,410)3,288 15,533 18,821 1,773 2016Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Office facility in Collierville, TN and warehouse facility in Corpus Christi, TX— 3,490 72,497 3,513 (15,608)288 63,604 63,892 19,957 1989; 1999Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Land in Irving and Houston, TX— 9,795 — — — 9,795 — 9,795 — N/AJan. 1998N/A
Industrial facility in Chandler, AZ— 5,035 18,957 8,317 516 5,035 27,790 32,825 15,148 1989Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Office facility in Bridgeton, MO— 842 4,762 2,523 (196)842 7,089 7,931 3,771 1972Jan. 1998
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Waterford Township, MI— 1,039 4,788 236 (2,297)494 3,272 3,766 1,347 1972Jan. 1998
35 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Memphis, TN— 1,882 3,973 294 (3,892)328 1,929 2,257 1,375 1969Jan. 1998
15 yrs.
Industrial facility in Romulus, MI— 454 6,411 525 — 454 6,936 7,390 1,377 1970Jan. 1998
10 yrs.
Retail facility in Bellevue, WA— 4,125 11,812 393 (123)4,371 11,836 16,207 6,598 1994Apr. 1998
40 yrs.
Office facility in Rio Rancho, NM— 1,190 9,353 5,866 (238)2,287 13,884 16,171 6,634 1999Jul. 1998
40 yrs.
Office facility in Moorestown, NJ— 351 5,981 1,667 1 351 7,649 8,000 4,477 1964Feb. 1999
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Lenexa, KS and Winston-Salem, NC— 1,860 12,539 3,075 (1,135)1,725 14,614 16,339 7,139 1968; 1980Sep. 2002
40 yrs.
Office facilities in Playa Vista and Venice, CA 20,567 2,032 10,152 52,817 1 5,889 59,113 65,002 17,087 1991; 1999Sep. 2004; Sep. 2012
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Greenfield, IN— 2,807 10,335 223 (8,383)967 4,015 4,982 2,001 1995Sep. 2004
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Hot Springs, AR— 850 2,939 2 (2,614)— 1,177 1,177 480 1985Sep. 2004
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Apopka, FL — 362 10,855 1,195 (155)337 11,920 12,257 4,364 1969Sep. 2004
40 yrs.
Land in San Leandro, CA— 1,532 — — — 1,532 — 1,532 — N/ADec. 2006N/A
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 121

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Fitness facility in Austin, TX— 1,725 5,168 — — 1,725 5,168 6,893 2,554 1995Dec. 2006
29 yrs.
Retail facility in Wroclaw, Poland— 3,600 10,306 — (2,809)3,068 8,029 11,097 2,594 2007Dec. 2007
40 yrs.
Office facility in Fort Worth, TX— 4,600 37,580 186 — 4,600 37,766 42,366 10,289 2003Feb. 2010
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Mallorca, Spain— 11,109 12,636 — 648 11,391 13,002 24,393 3,437 2008Jun. 2010
40 yrs.
Retail facilities in Snellville, GA and Virginia Beach, VA— 5,646 12,367 — (10,048)2,747 5,218 7,965 1,130 2005; 2007Sep. 2012
40 yrs.
Net-lease hotels in Irvine, Sacramento, and San Diego, CA; Orlando, FL; Des Plaines, IL; Indianapolis, IN; Louisville, KY; Linthicum Heights, MD; Newark, NJ; Albuquerque, NM; and Spokane, WA126,154 32,680 198,999 — — 32,680 198,999 231,679 45,253 1989; 1990Sep. 2012
34 - 37 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Auburn, IN; Clinton Township, MI; and Bluffton, OH— 4,403 20,298 — (3,870)2,589 18,242 20,831 4,638 1968; 1975; 1995Sep. 2012; Jan. 2014
30 yrs.
Land in Irvine, CA1,650 4,173 — — — 4,173 — 4,173 — N/ASep. 2012N/A
Industrial facility in Alpharetta, GA— 2,198 6,349 1,247 — 2,198 7,596 9,794 2,091 1997Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Office facility in Clinton, NJ17,554 2,866 34,834 — — 2,866 34,834 37,700 9,602 1987Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Office facilities in St. Petersburg, FL— 3,280 24,627 3,288 — 3,280 27,915 31,195 7,036 1996; 1999Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Movie theater in Baton Rouge, LA— 4,168 5,724 3,200 — 4,168 8,924 13,092 2,296 2003Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial and office facility in San Diego, CA— 7,804 16,729 5,415 (832)7,804 21,312 29,116 5,942 2002Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Richmond, CA— 895 1,953 — — 895 1,953 2,848 538 1999Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Kingman, AZ; Woodland, CA; Jonesboro, GA; Kansas City, MO; Springfield, OR; Fogelsville, PA; and Corsicana, TX49,427 16,386 84,668 7,187 — 16,386 91,855 108,241 23,146 VariousSep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Rocky Mount, NC and Lewisville, TX— 2,163 17,715 609 (8,389)1,132 10,966 12,098 2,957 1948; 1989Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Chattanooga, TN— 558 5,923 — — 558 5,923 6,481 1,615 1974; 1989Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Mooresville, NC1,994 756 9,775 — — 756 9,775 10,531 2,657 1997Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in McCalla, AL— 960 14,472 42,662 (254)2,076 55,764 57,840 9,200 2004Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Office facility in Lower Makefield Township, PA— 1,726 12,781 4,378 — 1,726 17,159 18,885 4,139 2002Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Fort Smith, AZ— 1,063 6,159 — — 1,063 6,159 7,222 1,656 1982Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Retail facilities in Greenwood, IN and Buffalo, NY5,950 — 19,990 — — — 19,990 19,990 5,318 2000; 2003Sep. 2012
30 - 31 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Bowling Green, KY and Jackson, TN— 1,492 8,182 184 — 1,492 8,366 9,858 2,195 1989; 1995Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Education facilities in Rancho Cucamonga, CA and Exton, PA— 14,006 33,683 6,219 (20,142)6,638 27,128 33,766 5,663 2004Sep. 2012
31 - 32 yrs.
Industrial facilities in St. Petersburg, FL; Buffalo Grove, IL; West Lafayette, IN; Excelsior Springs, MO; and North Versailles, PA4,406 6,559 19,078 2,057 — 6,559 21,135 27,694 5,075 VariousSep. 2012
31 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 122

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
Initial Cost to Company
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Industrial facilities in Tolleson, AZ; Alsip, IL; and Solvay, NY6,407 6,080 23,424 — — 6,080 23,424 29,504 6,181 1990; 1994; 2000Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Fitness facilities in Englewood, CO; Memphis TN; and Bedford, TX864 4,877 4,258 5,215 4,756 4,877 14,229 19,106 4,353 1990; 1995; 2001Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Office facility in Mons, Belgium5,136 1,505 6,026 653 (408)1,436 6,340 7,776 1,608 1982Sep. 2012
32 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Oceanside, CA and Concordville, PA1,904 3,333 8,270 — — 3,333 8,270 11,603 2,188 1989; 1996Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facilities located throughout the United States— 74,551 319,186 — (50)74,501 319,186 393,687 83,566 VariousSep. 2012
31 yrs.
Warehouse facility in La Vista, NE18,459 4,196 23,148 — — 4,196 23,148 27,344 5,711 2005Sep. 2012
33 yrs.
Office facility in Pleasanton, CA— 3,675 7,468 — — 3,675 7,468 11,143 1,950 2000Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Office facility in San Marcos, TX— 440 688 — — 440 688 1,128 179 2000Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Office facility in Chicago, IL— 2,169 19,010 72 (72)2,169 19,010 21,179 4,925 1910Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Hollywood and Orlando, FL — 3,639 1,269 — — 3,639 1,269 4,908 329 1996Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Golden, CO— 808 4,304 77 — 808 4,381 5,189 1,248 1998Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Texarkana, TX— 1,755 4,493 — (2,783)216 3,249 3,465 842 1997Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Industrial facility in South Jordan, UT— 2,183 11,340 1,642 — 2,183 12,982 15,165 3,220 1995Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Ennis, TX— 478 4,087 145 (145)478 4,087 4,565 1,059 1989Sep. 2012
31 yrs.
Retail facility in Braintree, MA— 2,409 — 6,184 (1,403)1,006 6,184 7,190 1,417 1994Sep. 2012
30 yrs.
Office facility in Paris, France— 23,387 43,450 703 (3,010)22,316 42,214 64,530 10,481 1975Sep. 2012
32 yrs.
Retail facilities in Bydgoszcz, Czestochowa, Jablonna, Katowice, Kielce, Lodz, Lubin, Olsztyn, Opole, Plock, Rybnik, Walbrzych, and Warsaw, Poland— 26,564 72,866 — (4,599)25,302 69,529 94,831 24,118 VariousSep. 2012
23 - 34 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Danbury, CT and Bedford, MA4,072 3,519 16,329 — — 3,519 16,329 19,848 4,514 1965; 1980Sep. 2012
29 yrs.
Industrial facility in Brownwood, TX— 722 6,268 — — 722 6,268 6,990 836 1964Sep. 2012
15 yrs.
Industrial and office facility in Tampere, Finland— 2,309 37,153 — (2,317)2,146 34,999 37,145 8,478 2012Jun. 2013
40 yrs.
Office facility in Quincy, MA— 2,316 21,537 127 — 2,316 21,664 23,980 4,437 1989Jun. 2013
40 yrs.
Office facility in Salford, United Kingdom— — 30,012 — (3,825)— 26,187 26,187 4,924 1997Sep. 2013
40 yrs.
Office facility in Lone Tree, CO— 4,761 28,864 3,381 — 4,761 32,245 37,006 6,750 2001Nov. 2013
40 yrs.
Office facility in Mönchengladbach, Germany34,044 2,154 6,917 50,626 3,623 2,357 60,963 63,320 7,822 2015Dec. 2013
40 yrs.
Fitness facility in Houston, TX— 2,430 2,270 — — 2,430 2,270 4,700 700 1995Jan. 2014
23 yrs.
Fitness facility in St. Charles, MO— 1,966 1,368 1,352 — 1,966 2,720 4,686 793 1987Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Office facility in Scottsdale, AZ— 22,300 42,329 — — 22,300 42,329 64,629 525 1977Jan. 2014
34 yrs.
Industrial facility in Aurora, CO— 737 2,609 — — 737 2,609 3,346 571 1985Jan. 2014
32 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Burlington, NJ— 3,989 6,213 377 — 3,989 6,590 10,579 1,793 1999Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 123

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
Initial Cost to Company
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Industrial facility in Albuquerque, NM— 2,467 3,476 606 — 2,467 4,082 6,549 1,064 1993Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Industrial facility in North Salt Lake, UT— 10,601 17,626 — (16,936)4,388 6,903 11,291 1,825 1981Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Lexington, NC and Murrysville, PA— 2,185 12,058 — 2,713 1,608 15,348 16,956 3,825 1940; 1995Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Land in Welcome, NC— 980 11,230 — (11,724)486 — 486 — N/AJan. 2014N/A
Industrial facilities in Evansville, IN; Lawrence, KS; and Baltimore, MD— 4,005 44,192 — — 4,005 44,192 48,197 12,823 1911; 1967; 1982Jan. 2014
24 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Colton, CA; Bonner Springs, KS; and Dallas, TX and land in Eagan, MN— 8,451 25,457 — 298 8,451 25,755 34,206 6,203 1978; 1979; 1986Jan. 2014
17 - 34 yrs.
Retail facility in Torrance, CA— 8,412 12,241 1,377 (76)8,335 13,619 21,954 3,947 1973Jan. 2014
25 yrs.
Office facility in Houston, TX— 6,578 424 560 — 6,578 984 7,562 454 1978Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Land in Doncaster, United Kingdom— 4,257 4,248 — (8,098)407 — 407 — N/AJan. 2014N/A
Warehouse facility in Norwich, CT7,134 3,885 21,342 — 2 3,885 21,344 25,229 5,226 1960Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Norwich, CT— 1,437 9,669 — — 1,437 9,669 11,106 2,367 2005Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Land in Whitehall, PA— 7,435 9,093 — (9,545)6,983 — 6,983 — N/AJan. 2014N/A
Retail facilities in York, PA2,972 3,776 10,092 — (2,016)2,668 9,184 11,852 2,138 1992; 2005Jan. 2014
26 - 34 yrs.
Industrial facility in Pittsburgh, PA— 1,151 10,938 — — 1,151 10,938 12,089 3,056 1991Jan. 2014
25 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Atlanta, GA and Elkwood, VA— 5,356 4,121 — (2,104)4,284 3,089 7,373 767 1975Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Harrisburg, NC— 1,753 5,840 — (111)1,642 5,840 7,482 1,548 2000Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Industrial facility in Chandler, AZ; industrial, office, and warehouse facility in Englewood, CO; and land in Englewood, CO2,829 4,306 7,235 — 3 4,306 7,238 11,544 1,655 1978; 1987Jan. 2014
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Cynthiana, KY1,411 1,274 3,505 525 (107)1,274 3,923 5,197 958 1967Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facility in Columbia, SC— 2,843 11,886 — — 2,843 11,886 14,729 3,640 1962Jan. 2014
23 yrs.
Movie theater in Midlothian, VA— 2,824 16,618 — — 2,824 16,618 19,442 1,128 2000Jan. 2014
40 yrs.
Net-lease student housing facility in Laramie, WY— 1,966 18,896 — — 1,966 18,896 20,862 4,846 2007Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Office facility in Greenville, SC6,881 562 7,916 — (949)474 7,055 7,529 2,195 1972Jan. 2014
25 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Mendota, IL; Toppenish, WA; and Plover, WI— 1,444 21,208 — (623)1,382 20,647 22,029 6,370 1996Jan. 2014
23 yrs.
Industrial facility in Allen, TX and office facility in Sunnyvale, CA— 9,297 24,086 — (42)9,255 24,086 33,341 5,388 1981; 1997Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Hampton, NH5,002 8,990 7,362 — — 8,990 7,362 16,352 1,678 1976Jan. 2014
30 yrs.
Industrial facilities located throughout France— 36,306 5,212 337 11,470 29,029 24,296 53,325 1,895 VariousJan. 2014
23 yrs.
Retail facility in Fairfax, VA— 3,402 16,353 — — 3,402 16,353 19,755 4,295 1998Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Retail facility in Lombard, IL— 5,087 8,578 — — 5,087 8,578 13,665 2,253 1999Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Plainfield, IN17,350 1,578 29,415 706 — 1,578 30,121 31,699 6,707 1997Jan. 2014
30 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 124

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Retail facility in Kennesaw, GA— 2,849 6,180 5,530 (76)2,773 11,710 14,483 2,772 1999Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Retail facility in Leawood, KS— 1,487 13,417 — — 1,487 13,417 14,904 3,524 1997Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Office facility in Tolland, CT7,098 1,817 5,709 — 11 1,817 5,720 7,537 1,443 1968Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Lincolnton, NC and Mauldin, SC8,707 1,962 9,247 — — 1,962 9,247 11,209 2,278 1988; 1996Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Retail facilities located throughout Germany— 81,109 153,927 10,510 (126,616)30,270 88,660 118,930 19,783 VariousJan. 2014Various
Office facility in Southfield, MI— 1,726 4,856 89 — 1,726 4,945 6,671 1,104 1985Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Office facility in The Woodlands, TX16,015 3,204 24,997 — — 3,204 24,997 28,201 5,489 1997Jan. 2014
32 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Valdosta, GA and Johnson City, TN— 1,080 14,998 1,841 — 1,080 16,839 17,919 4,057 1978; 1998Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Industrial facility in Amherst, NY6,661 674 7,971 — — 674 7,971 8,645 2,459 1984Jan. 2014
23 yrs.
Industrial and warehouse facilities in Westfield, MA— 1,922 9,755 7,435 9 1,922 17,199 19,121 4,251 1954; 1997Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Kottka, Finland— — 8,546 — (3,663)— 4,883 4,883 2,440 1999; 2001Jan. 2014
21 - 23 yrs.
Office facility in Bloomington, MN— 2,942 7,155 — — 2,942 7,155 10,097 1,747 1988Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Gorinchem, Netherlands3,200 1,143 5,648 — (669)1,031 5,091 6,122 1,243 1995Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Retail facility in Cresskill, NJ— 2,366 5,482 — 19 2,366 5,501 7,867 1,221 1975Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Retail facility in Livingston, NJ— 2,932 2,001 — 14 2,932 2,015 4,947 513 1966Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Retail facility in Maplewood, NJ— 845 647 — 4 845 651 1,496 166 1954Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Retail facility in Montclair, NJ— 1,905 1,403 — 6 1,905 1,409 3,314 359 1950Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Retail facility in Morristown, NJ— 3,258 8,352 — 26 3,258 8,378 11,636 2,133 1973Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Retail facility in Summit, NJ— 1,228 1,465 — 8 1,228 1,473 2,701 375 1950Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Industrial and office facilities in Dransfeld and Wolfach, Germany— 2,789 8,750 — (2,589)2,368 6,582 8,950 1,871 1898; 1978Jan. 2014
24 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Georgetown, TX and Woodland, WA— 965 4,113 — — 965 4,113 5,078 843 1998; 2001Jan. 2014
33 - 35 yrs.
Education facilities in Union, NJ; Allentown and Philadelphia, PA; and Grand Prairie, TX— 5,365 7,845 — 5 5,365 7,850 13,215 1,951 VariousJan. 2014
28 yrs.
Industrial facility in Salisbury, NC— 1,499 8,185 — — 1,499 8,185 9,684 2,040 2000Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Solon and Twinsburg, OH and office facility in Plymouth, MI— 2,831 10,565 386 — 2,831 10,951 13,782 2,693 1970; 1991; 1995Jan. 2014
26 - 27 yrs.
Industrial facility in Cambridge, Canada— 1,849 7,371 — (1,130)1,622 6,468 8,090 1,432 2001Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Peru, IL; Huber Heights, Lima, and Sheffield, OH; and Lebanon, TN6,860 2,962 17,832 — — 2,962 17,832 20,794 3,947 VariousJan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facility in Ramos Arizpe, Mexico — 1,059 2,886 — — 1,059 2,886 3,945 637 2000Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 125

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Industrial facilities in Salt Lake City, UT— 2,783 3,773 — — 2,783 3,773 6,556 835 1983; 2002Jan. 2014
31 - 33 yrs.
Net-lease student housing facility in Blairsville, PA7,860 1,631 23,163 — — 1,631 23,163 24,794 5,719 2005Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Education facility in Mooresville, NC1,503 1,795 15,955 — — 1,795 15,955 17,750 — 2002Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Atlanta, Doraville, and Rockmart, GA— 6,488 77,192 — — 6,488 77,192 83,680 18,714 1959; 1962; 1991Jan. 2014
23 - 33 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Flora, MS and Muskogee, OK3,017 554 4,353 — — 554 4,353 4,907 919 1992; 2002Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Industrial facility in Richmond, MO— 2,211 8,505 747 — 2,211 9,252 11,463 2,229 1996Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Industrial facility in Tuusula, Finland— 6,173 10,321 — (1,625)5,565 9,304 14,869 2,524 1975Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Office facility in Turku, Finland— 5,343 34,106 385 (3,888)4,816 31,130 35,946 7,640 1981Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Industrial facility in Turku, Finland— 1,105 10,243 — (1,101)996 9,251 10,247 2,307 1981Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Industrial facility in Baraboo, WI— 917 10,663 — — 917 10,663 11,580 5,638 1988Jan. 2014
13 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Phoenix, AZ— 6,747 21,352 380 — 6,747 21,732 28,479 5,366 1996Jan. 2014
28 yrs.
Land in Calgary, Canada— 3,721 — — (456)3,265 — 3,265 — N/AJan. 2014N/A
Industrial facilities in Sandersville, GA; Erwin, TN; and Gainesville, TX1,291 955 4,779 — — 955 4,779 5,734 1,066 1950; 1986; 1996Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facility in Buffalo Grove, IL4,244 1,492 12,233 — — 1,492 12,233 13,725 2,736 1996Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facilities in West Jordan, UT and Tacoma, WA; office facility in Eugene, OR; and warehouse facility in Perris, CA— 8,989 5,435 — 8 8,989 5,443 14,432 1,341 VariousJan. 2014
28 yrs.
Office facility in Carlsbad, CA— 3,230 5,492 — — 3,230 5,492 8,722 1,610 1999Jan. 2014
24 yrs.
Movie theater in Pensacola, FL— 1,746 — — 5,181 1,746 5,181 6,927 51 2001Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Movie theater in Port St. Lucie, FL— 4,654 2,576 — — 4,654 2,576 7,230 652 2000Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Industrial facility in Nurieux-Volognat, France— 121 5,328 — (427)109 4,913 5,022 1,051 2000Jan. 2014
32 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Suwanee, GA— 2,330 8,406 — — 2,330 8,406 10,736 1,719 1995Jan. 2014
34 yrs.
Retail facilities in Wichita, KS and Oklahoma City, OK and warehouse facility in Wichita, KS— 1,878 8,579 3,128 — 1,878 11,707 13,585 2,550 1954; 1975; 1984Jan. 2014
24 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Fort Dodge, IA and Menomonie and Oconomowoc, WI6,959 1,403 11,098 — — 1,403 11,098 12,501 4,724 1996Jan. 2014
16 yrs.
Industrial facility in Mesa, AZ— 2,888 4,282 — — 2,888 4,282 7,170 1,087 1991Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Industrial facility in North Amityville, NY— 3,486 11,413 — — 3,486 11,413 14,899 3,036 1981Jan. 2014
26 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Greenville, SC— 567 10,217 760 (3,213)370 7,961 8,331 2,446 1960Jan. 2014
21 yrs.
Industrial facility in Fort Collins, CO— 821 7,236 — — 821 7,236 8,057 1,524 1993Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Elk Grove Village, IL— 4,037 7,865 — — 4,037 7,865 11,902 408 1980Jan. 2014
22 yrs.
Office facility in Washington, MI— 4,085 7,496 — — 4,085 7,496 11,581 1,583 1990Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 126

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Office facility in Houston, TX— 522 7,448 227 — 522 7,675 8,197 2,020 1999Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Conroe, Odessa, and Weimar, TX and industrial and office facility in Houston, TX4,031 4,049 13,021 — 133 4,049 13,154 17,203 4,874 VariousJan. 2014
12 - 22 yrs.
Education facility in Sacramento, CA25,017 — 13,715 — — — 13,715 13,715 2,839 2005Jan. 2014
34 yrs.
Industrial facility in Sankt Ingbert, Germany— 2,226 17,460 — 2,524 2,511 19,699 22,210 395 1960Jan. 2014
34 yrs.
Industrial facilities in City of Industry, CA; Chelmsford, MA; and Lancaster, TX— 5,138 8,387 — 43 5,138 8,430 13,568 2,104 1969; 1974; 1984Jan. 2014
27 yrs.
Office facility in Tinton Falls, NJ— 1,958 7,993 725 — 1,958 8,718 10,676 1,867 2001Jan. 2014
31 yrs.
Industrial facility in Woodland, WA— 707 1,562 — — 707 1,562 2,269 306 2009Jan. 2014
35 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Gyál and Herceghalom, Hungary— 14,601 21,915 — (3,598)13,162 19,756 32,918 6,693 2002; 2004Jan. 2014
21 yrs.
Industrial facility in Windsor, CT— 453 637 3,422 (83)453 3,976 4,429 466 1999Jan. 2014
33 yrs.
Industrial facility in Aurora, CO— 574 3,999 — — 574 3,999 4,573 705 2012Jan. 2014
40 yrs.
Office facility in Chandler, AZ— 5,318 27,551 105 — 5,318 27,656 32,974 5,412 2000Mar. 2014
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in University Park, IL— 7,962 32,756 221 — 7,962 32,977 40,939 6,247 2008May 2014
40 yrs.
Office facility in Stavanger, Norway— 10,296 91,744 — (27,759)7,567 66,714 74,281 10,824 1975Aug. 2014
40 yrs.
Laboratory facility in Westborough, MA— 3,409 37,914 53,065 — 3,409 90,979 94,388 8,056 1992Aug. 2014
40 yrs.
Office facility in Andover, MA— 3,980 45,120 323 — 3,980 45,443 49,423 7,507 2013Oct. 2014
40 yrs.
Office facility in Newport, United Kingdom— — 22,587 — (3,414)— 19,173 19,173 3,020 2014Oct. 2014
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Lewisburg, OH— 1,627 13,721 — — 1,627 13,721 15,348 2,372 2014Nov. 2014
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Opole, Poland— 2,151 21,438 — (309)2,123 21,157 23,280 3,752 2014Dec. 2014
38 yrs.
Office facilities located throughout Spain— 51,778 257,624 10 1,422 55,159 255,675 310,834 40,071 VariousDec. 2014Various
Retail facilities located throughout the United Kingdom— 66,319 230,113 277 (40,605)57,084 199,020 256,104 39,229 VariousJan. 2015
20 - 40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Rotterdam, Netherlands— — 33,935 20,448 4,789 — 59,172 59,172 6,697 2014Feb. 2015
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Bad Fischau, Austria— 2,855 18,829 — 3,009 3,251 21,442 24,693 3,695 1998Apr. 2015
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Oskarshamn, Sweden— 3,090 18,262 — 221 3,122 18,451 21,573 2,810 2015Jun. 2015
40 yrs.
Office facility in Sunderland, United Kingdom— 2,912 30,140 — (4,103)2,550 26,399 28,949 4,138 2007Aug. 2015
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Gersthofen and Senden, Germany and Leopoldsdorf, Austria— 9,449 15,838 — 2,586 10,415 17,458 27,873 3,024 2008; 2010Aug. 2015
40 yrs.
Net-lease hotels in Clive, IA; Baton Rouge, LA; St. Louis, MO; Greensboro, NC; Mount Laurel, NJ; and Fort Worth, TX— — 49,190 — — — 49,190 49,190 7,561 1988; 1989; 1990Oct. 2015
38 - 40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 127

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Retail facilities in Almere, Amsterdam, Eindhoven, Houten, Nieuwegein, Utrecht, Veghel, and Zwaag, Netherlands— 5,698 38,130 79 6,255 6,510 43,652 50,162 6,954 VariousNov. 2015
30 - 40 yrs.
Office facility in Irvine, CA— 7,626 16,137 — — 7,626 16,137 23,763 2,128 1977Dec. 2015
40 yrs.
Education facility in Windermere, FL— 5,090 34,721 15,333 — 5,090 50,054 55,144 8,721 1998Apr. 2016
38 yrs.
Industrial facilities located throughout the United States— 66,845 87,575 65,400 (56,517)49,680 113,623 163,303 20,553 VariousApr. 2016Various
Industrial facilities in North Dumfries and Ottawa, Canada— 17,155 10,665 — (18,015)6,082 3,723 9,805 1,519 1967; 1974Apr. 2016
28 yrs.
Education facilities in Coconut Creek, FL and Houston, TX— 15,550 83,862 63,830 — 15,550 147,692 163,242 17,704 1979; 1984May 2016
37 - 40 yrs.
Office facility in Southfield, MI and warehouse facilities in London, KY and Gallatin, TN— 3,585 17,254 — — 3,585 17,254 20,839 2,028 1969; 1987; 2000Nov. 2016
35 - 36 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Brampton, Toronto, and Vaughan, Canada— 28,759 13,998 — — 28,759 13,998 42,757 1,961 VariousNov. 2016
28 - 35 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Queretaro and San Juan del Rio, Mexico— 5,152 12,614 — — 5,152 12,614 17,766 1,434 VariousDec. 2016
28 - 40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Chicago, IL— 2,222 2,655 3,511 — 2,222 6,166 8,388 1,046 1985Jun. 2017
30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Zawiercie, Poland— 395 102 10,378 565 415 11,025 11,440 742 2018Aug. 2017
40 yrs.
Office facility in Roseville, MN— 2,560 16,025 — — 2,560 16,025 18,585 1,413 2001Nov. 2017
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Radomsko, Poland— 1,718 59 14,454 812 1,810 15,233 17,043 889 2018Nov. 2017
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Sellersburg, IN— 1,016 3,838 — — 1,016 3,838 4,854 380 2000Feb. 2018
36 yrs.
Retail and warehouse facilities in Appleton, Madison, and Waukesha, WI— 5,512 61,230 — — 5,465 61,277 66,742 5,277 1995; 2004Mar. 2018
36 - 40 yrs.
Office and warehouse facilities located throughout Denmark— 20,304 185,481 — 12,512 21,539 196,758 218,297 15,549 VariousJun. 2018
25 - 41 yrs.
Retail facilities located throughout the Netherlands— 38,475 117,127 — 8,394 40,551 123,445 163,996 10,807 VariousJul. 2018
26 - 30 yrs.
Industrial facility in Oostburg, WI— 786 6,589 — — 786 6,589 7,375 727 2002Jul. 2018
35 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Kampen, Netherlands— 3,251 12,858 126 962 3,443 13,754 17,197 1,357 1976Jul. 2018
26 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Azambuja, Portugal— 13,527 35,631 28,067 4,104 14,339 66,990 81,329 3,521 1994Sep. 2018
28 yrs.
Retail facilities in Amsterdam, Moordrecht, and Rotterdam, Netherlands— 2,582 18,731 6,455 2,153 2,784 27,137 29,921 1,943 VariousOct. 2018
27 - 37 yrs.
Office and warehouse facilities in Bad Wünnenberg and Soest, Germany— 2,916 39,687 — 3,283 3,140 42,746 45,886 2,484 1982; 1986Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Norfolk, NE1,064 802 3,686 — — 802 3,686 4,488 271 1975Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Education facility in Chicago, IL10,178 7,720 17,266 — — 7,720 17,266 24,986 998 1912Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Fitness facilities in Phoenix, AZ and Columbia, MD— 18,286 33,030 — — 18,286 33,030 51,316 1,901 2006Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 128

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Retail facility in Gorzow, Poland— 1,736 8,298 — 774 1,870 8,938 10,808 557 2008Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Sergeant Bluff, IA; Bossier City, LA; and Alvarado, TX9,693 6,460 49,462 — — 6,460 49,462 55,922 3,082 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Glendale Heights, IL— 4,237 45,484 — — 4,237 45,484 49,721 635 1991Oct. 2018
38 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Mayodan, Sanford, and Stoneville, NC— 3,505 20,913 — — 3,505 20,913 24,418 719 1992; 1997; 1998Oct. 2018
29 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Dillon, SC14,468 3,424 43,114 — — 3,424 43,114 46,538 2,686 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Birmingham, United Kingdom17,465 7,383 7,687 — 849 7,799 8,120 15,919 462 2009Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facilities located throughout Spain— 17,626 44,501 — 4,788 18,985 47,930 66,915 2,813 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Gadki, Poland— 1,376 6,137 — 579 1,482 6,610 8,092 392 2011Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in The Woodlands, TX22,249 1,697 52,289 — — 1,697 52,289 53,986 2,903 2009Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Hoffman Estates, IL— 5,550 14,214 — — 5,550 14,214 19,764 818 2009Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Zagreb, Croatia— 15,789 33,287 — 3,782 17,005 35,853 52,858 3,089 2001Oct. 2018
26 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Middleburg Heights and Union Township, OH4,741 1,295 13,384 — — 1,295 13,384 14,679 763 1990; 1997Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Las Vegas, NV39,665 — 79,720 — — — 79,720 79,720 4,328 2012Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities located in Phoenix, AZ; Colton, Fresno, Los Angeles, Orange, Pomona, and San Diego, CA; Holly Hill and Safety Harbor, FL; Rockmart, GA; Durham, NC; Columbia, SC; Ooltewah, TN; and Dallas, TX19,535 20,517 14,135 — 30,060 22,585 42,127 64,712 1,231 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Bowling Green, KY— 2,652 51,915 — — 2,652 51,915 54,567 3,318 2011Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Cannock, Liverpool, Luton, Plymouth, Southampton, and Taunton United Kingdom— 6,791 2,315 — 513 7,174 2,445 9,619 156 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Evansville, IN— 180 22,095 — — 180 22,095 22,275 1,228 2009Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facilities in Tampa, FL31,644 3,889 49,843 754 — 3,889 50,597 54,486 2,841 1985; 2000Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Elorrio, Spain— 7,858 12,728 — 1,587 8,464 13,709 22,173 899 1996Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial and office facilities in Elberton, GA— 879 2,014 — — 879 2,014 2,893 157 1997; 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Tres Cantos, Spain60,617 24,344 39,646 — 4,931 26,220 42,701 68,921 2,518 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Hartland, WI2,653 1,454 6,406 — — 1,454 6,406 7,860 391 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facilities in Dugo Selo, Kutina, Samobor, Spansko, and Zagreb, Croatia— 5,549 12,408 1,625 8,755 7,332 21,005 28,337 1,563 2000; 2002; 2003Oct. 2018
26 yrs.
Office and warehouse facilities located throughout the United States— 42,793 193,666 — — 42,793 193,666 236,459 11,657 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 129

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Warehouse facilities in Breda, Elst, Gieten, Raalte, and Woerden, Netherlands— 37,755 91,666 — 9,974 40,665 98,730 139,395 5,638 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Oxnard and Watsonville, CA— 22,453 78,814 — — 22,453 78,814 101,267 4,522 1975; 1994; 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facilities located throughout Italy— 75,492 138,280 — 16,474 81,310 148,936 230,246 9,199 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Land in Hudson, NY— 2,405 — — — 2,405 — 2,405 — N/AOct. 2018N/A
Office facility in Houston, TX— 2,136 2,344 — — 2,136 2,344 4,480 156 1982Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Martinsville, VA— 1,082 8,108 — — 1,082 8,108 9,190 494 2011Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Land in Chicago, IL— 9,887 — — — 9,887 — 9,887 — N/AOct. 2018N/A
Industrial facility in Fraser, MI— 1,346 9,551 — — 1,346 9,551 10,897 564 2012Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facilities located throughout the United States— 19,583 108,971 — — 19,583 108,971 128,554 6,691 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Middleburg Heights, OH— 542 2,507 — — 542 2,507 3,049 143 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Fort Worth, TX— 691 6,295 — — 691 6,295 6,986 396 2004Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facilities in Delnice, Pozega, and Sesvete, Croatia— 5,519 9,930 1,291 1,125 5,944 11,921 17,865 982 2011Oct. 2018
27 yrs.
Office facilities in Eagan and Virginia, MN— 16,302 91,239 — (722)15,954 90,865 106,819 5,466 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Orlando, FL— 6,262 25,134 430 — 6,371 25,455 31,826 1,400 2011Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Avon, OH2,978 1,447 5,564 — — 1,447 5,564 7,011 344 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Chimelow, Poland— 6,158 28,032 — 2,635 6,633 30,192 36,825 1,794 2012Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Fayetteville, NC— 1,839 4,654 — — 1,839 4,654 6,493 373 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facilities in Huntsville, AL; Bentonville, AR; Bossier City, LA; Lee's Summit, MO; Fayetteville, TN, and Fort Worth, TX— 19,529 42,318 — — 19,529 42,318 61,847 2,544 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Education facilities in Montgomery, AL and Savannah, GA13,304 5,508 12,032 — — 5,508 12,032 17,540 715 1969; 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facilities in St. Louis, MO— 1,297 5,362 4,000 — 1,297 9,362 10,659 586 1995Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office and warehouse facility in Zary, PL— 2,062 10,034 — 932 2,221 10,807 13,028 659 2013Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in San Antonio, TX and Sterling, VA— 3,198 23,981 78,727 — 7,228 98,678 105,906 2,307 1980; 2020Oct. 2018; Dec. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Elk Grove Village, IL8,067 5,511 10,766 2 — 5,511 10,768 16,279 626 1961Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Portage, WI4,234 3,450 7,797 — — 3,450 7,797 11,247 511 1970Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Warrenville, IL16,777 3,662 23,711 — — 3,662 23,711 27,373 1,360 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Saitama Prefecture, Japan— 13,507 25,301 1,381 (2,281)12,642 25,266 37,908 1,503 2007Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 130

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Retail facility in Dallas, TX— 2,977 16,168 — — 2,977 16,168 19,145 901 1913Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Houston, TX125,829 23,161 104,266 760 — 23,161 105,026 128,187 5,760 1973Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facilities located throughout Croatia— 9,000 13,002 1,415 1,657 9,693 15,381 25,074 1,064 VariousOct. 2018
29 - 38 yrs.
Office facility in Northbrook, IL5,099 — 493 — — — 493 493 107 2007Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Education facilities in Chicago, IL— 18,510 163 — (11,855)6,744 74 6,818 28 2014; 2015Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Dillon, SC25,838 3,516 44,933 — — 3,516 44,933 48,449 2,779 2013Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facilities in New York City, NY— 29,223 77,202 114 — 29,223 77,316 106,539 4,238 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Hilo, HI— 769 12,869 — — 769 12,869 13,638 708 2007Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Clearwater, FL— 1,247 5,733 — — 1,247 5,733 6,980 359 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Gadki, Poland— 10,422 47,727 57 4,487 11,225 51,468 62,693 3,099 2007; 2010Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Orlando, FL— 1,070 8,686 — — 1,070 8,686 9,756 513 2000Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Lewisville, TX8,480 3,485 11,263 — — 3,485 11,263 14,748 653 2004Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Wageningen, Netherlands— 5,227 18,793 — 2,157 5,630 20,547 26,177 1,218 2013Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Haibach, Germany9,036 1,767 12,229 — (6,292)921 6,783 7,704 791 1993Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Palm Coast, FL— 1,994 4,982 — — 1,994 4,982 6,976 366 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Auburn Hills, MI5,391 1,910 6,773 — — 1,910 6,773 8,683 401 2012Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease self-storage facility in Holiday, FL— 1,730 4,213 — — 1,730 4,213 5,943 302 1975Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Tempe, AZ13,892 — 19,533 — — — 19,533 19,533 1,119 2000Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Tucson, AZ— 2,448 17,353 — — 2,448 17,353 19,801 1,008 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Drunen, Netherlands— 2,316 9,370 — 901 2,495 10,092 12,587 584 2014Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility New Concord, OH1,362 958 2,309 — — 958 2,309 3,267 163 1999Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Krakow, Poland— 2,381 6,212 — 662 2,564 6,691 9,255 390 2003Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Gelsenkirchen, Germany13,634 2,178 17,097 — 1,485 2,345 18,415 20,760 1,062 2000Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Mszczonow and Tomaszow Mazowiecki, Poland— 8,782 53,575 — 4,806 9,459 57,704 67,163 3,605 1995; 2000Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Plymouth, MN21,289 2,871 26,353 184 — 2,871 26,537 29,408 1,516 1999Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in San Antonio, TX12,316 3,094 16,624 — — 3,094 16,624 19,718 971 2002Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Sered, Slovakia— 3,428 28,005 — 2,422 3,692 30,163 33,855 1,756 2004Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Tuchomerice, Czech Republic— 7,864 27,006 — 2,687 8,470 29,087 37,557 1,671 1998Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Warsaw, Poland39,493 — 44,990 — 3,467 — 48,457 48,457 2,716 2015Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 131

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Warehouse facility in Kaunas, Lithuania41,535 10,199 47,391 — 4,438 10,985 51,043 62,028 3,005 2008Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Net-lease student housing facility in Jacksonville, FL11,776 906 17,020 — — 906 17,020 17,926 954 2015Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Houston, TX— 791 1,990 — — 791 1,990 2,781 122 1972Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Oak Creek, WI— 2,858 11,055 — — 2,858 11,055 13,913 681 2000Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Shelbyville, IN; Kalamazoo, MI; Tiffin, OH; Andersonville, TN; and Millwood, WV — 2,868 37,571 — — 2,868 37,571 40,439 2,354 VariousOct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Perrysburg, OH— 806 11,922 — — 806 11,922 12,728 771 1974Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Dillon, SC— 620 46,319 434 — 620 46,753 47,373 2,085 2019Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Zabia Wola, Poland17,921 4,742 23,270 5,636 2,627 5,107 31,168 36,275 1,754 1999Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Office facility in Buffalo Grove, IL— 2,224 6,583 — — 2,224 6,583 8,807 390 1992Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in McHenry, IL— 5,794 21,141 — — 5,794 21,141 26,935 1,791 1990; 1999Dec. 2018
27 - 28 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Chicago, Cortland, Forest View, Morton Grove, and Northbrook, IL and Madison and Monona, WI— 23,267 9,166 — — 23,267 9,166 32,433 724 VariousDec. 2018; Dec. 2019
35 - 40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Kilgore, TX— 3,002 36,334 14,096 (6)3,002 50,424 53,426 2,592 2007Dec. 2018
37 yrs.
Industrial facility in San Luis Potosi, Mexico— 2,787 12,945 — — 2,787 12,945 15,732 770 2009Dec. 2018
39 yrs.
Industrial facility in Legnica, Poland— 995 9,787 6,007 1,275 1,070 16,994 18,064 1,069 2002Dec. 2018
29 yrs.
Industrial facility in Meru, France— 4,231 14,731 8 1,491 4,563 15,898 20,461 1,208 1997Dec. 2018
29 yrs.
Education facility in Portland, OR— 2,396 23,258 4,218 — 2,396 27,476 29,872 1,502 2006Feb. 2019
40 yrs.
Office facility in Morrisville, NC— 2,374 30,140 2,172 — 2,374 32,312 34,686 1,577 1998Mar. 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Inwood, WV20,010 3,265 36,692 — — 3,265 36,692 39,957 1,791 2000Mar. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Hurricane, UT— 1,914 37,279 — — 1,914 37,279 39,193 1,719 2011Mar. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Bensenville, IL— 8,640 4,948 — 300 8,940 4,948 13,888 366 1981Mar. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Katowice, Poland— — 764 15,163 1,840 — 17,767 17,767 487 2019Apr. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Westerville, OH and North Wales, PA— 1,545 6,508 — — 1,545 6,508 8,053 346 1960; 1997May 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Fargo, ND; Norristown, PA; and Atlanta, TX— 1,616 5,589 — — 1,616 5,589 7,205 362 VariousMay 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Chihuahua and Juarez, Mexico— 3,426 7,286 — — 3,426 7,286 10,712 427 1983; 1986; 1991May 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Statesville, NC— 1,683 13,827 — — 1,683 13,827 15,510 655 1979Jun. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Conestoga, PA— 4,290 51,410 — — 4,290 51,410 55,700 2,452 1950Jun. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Hartford and Milwaukee, WI— 1,471 21,293 — — 1,471 21,293 22,764 928 1964; 1992; 1993Jul. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Brockville and Prescott, Canada— 2,025 9,519 — — 2,025 9,519 11,544 415 1955; 1995Jul. 2019
40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 132

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Industrial facility in Dordrecht, Netherlands— 3,233 10,954 — 1,647 3,613 12,221 15,834 397 1986Sep. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in York, PA and Lexington, SC— 4,155 22,930 — — 4,155 22,930 27,085 998 1968; 1971Oct. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Queretaro, Mexico— 2,851 12,748 — (3)2,851 12,745 15,596 501 1999Oct. 2019
40 yrs.
Office facility in Dearborn, MI— 1,431 5,402 — — 1,431 5,402 6,833 218 2002Oct. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Houston, TX and Metairie, LA and office facilities in Houston, TX and Mason, OH— 6,130 24,981 — — 6,130 24,981 31,111 856 VariousNov. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Pardubice, Czech Republic— 1,694 8,793 — 1,190 1,886 9,791 11,677 291 1970Nov. 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facilities in Brabrand, Denmark and Arlandastad, Sweden— 6,499 27,899 — 4,819 7,453 31,764 39,217 961 2012; 2017Nov. 2019
40 yrs.
Retail facility in Hamburg, PA— 4,520 34,167 — — 4,520 34,167 38,687 998 2003Dec. 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Charlotte, NC— 6,481 82,936 — — 6,481 82,936 89,417 2,436 1995Dec. 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Buffalo Grove, IL— 3,287 10,167 — — 3,287 10,167 13,454 541 1987Dec. 2019
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Hvidovre, Denmark— 1,931 4,243 — 623 2,135 4,662 6,797 171 2007Dec. 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Huddersfield, United Kingdom— 8,659 29,752 — 1,295 8,951 30,755 39,706 817 2005Dec. 2019
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Newark, United Kingdom— 21,869 74,777 — 3,774 22,723 77,697 100,420 1,916 2006Jan. 2020
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Aurora, OR— 2,914 21,459 — — 2,914 21,459 24,373 503 1976Jan. 2020
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Vojens, Denmark— 1,031 8,784 — 1,129 1,149 9,795 10,944 225 2020Jan. 2020
40 yrs.
Office facility in Kitzingen, Germany— 4,812 41,125 — 3,264 5,155 44,046 49,201 897 1967Mar. 2020
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Knoxville, TN— 2,455 47,446 — — 2,455 47,446 49,901 616 2020Jun. 2020
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Bluffton and Plymouth, IN— 674 33,519 — — 674 33,519 34,193 229 1981; 2014Sep. 2020
40 yrs.
Industrial facility in Huntley, IL— 5,260 26,617 — — 5,260 26,617 31,877 169 1996Sep. 2020
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Winter Haven, FL; Belvedere, IL; and Fayetteville, NC— 8,232 31,745 — — 8,232 31,745 39,977 176 1954; 1984; 1997Oct. 2020
40 yrs.
Retail facilities located throughout Spain— 34,216 57,151 — 4,475 35,892 59,950 95,842 258 VariousOct. 2020
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Little Canada, MN— 3,384 23,422 — — 3,384 23,422 26,806 101 1987Oct. 2020
40 yrs.
Warehouse facility in Hurricane, UT— 5,154 22,893 — — 5,154 22,893 28,047 38 2005Dec. 2020
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Bethlehem, PA and Waco, TX— 4,673 19,111 — — 4,673 19,111 23,784 29 VariousDec. 2020
40 yrs.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 133

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which 
Carried at Close of Period (c) (d)
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate AcquiredLife on which
Depreciation in Latest
Statement of 
Income
is Computed
  
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsLandBuildingsTotal
Industrial facilities in St. Charles, MO and Green Bay, WI— 2,966 20,055 — — 2,966 20,055 23,021 19 1981; 2009Dec. 2020
40 yrs.
Industrial facilities in Pleasanton, KS; Savage, MN; Grove City, OH; and Mahanoy City, PA— 7,717 21,569 — — 7,717 21,569 23,021 — VariousDec. 2020
40 yrs.
$1,102,833 $2,120,413 $8,148,975 $709,829 $(242,465)$2,012,688 $8,724,064 $10,736,752 $1,206,912 





W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 134

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at
which Carried at
Close of Period
Total 		Date of ConstructionDate Acquired
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildings
Direct Financing Method
Industrial facilities in Irving and Houston, TX$— $— $27,599 $— $(4,117)$23,482 1978Jan. 1998
Retail facility in Freehold, NJ7,523 — 17,067 — (327)16,740 2004Sep. 2012
Office facilities in Corpus Christi, Odessa, San Marcos, and Waco, TX1,899 2,089 14,211 — (1,127)15,173 1969; 1996; 2000Sep. 2012
Retail facilities located throughout Germany— 28,734 145,854 5,582 (9,000)171,170 VariousSep. 2012
Warehouse facility in Brierley Hill, United Kingdom— 2,147 12,357 — (1,064)13,440 1996Sep. 2012
Industrial and warehouse facility in Mesquite, TX5,391 2,851 15,899 — (2,733)16,017 1972Sep. 2012
Industrial facility in Rochester, MN1,632 881 17,039 — (2,678)15,242 1997Sep. 2012
Office facility in Irvine, CA5,588 — 17,027 — (2,895)14,132 1981Sep. 2012
Retail facilities in El Paso and Fabens, TX— 4,777 17,823 — (69)22,531 VariousJan. 2014
Industrial facility in Dallas, TX— 3,190 10,010 — 104 13,304 1968Jan. 2014
Industrial facility in Eagan, MN— — 11,548 — (442)11,106 1975Jan. 2014
Industrial facilities in Albemarle and Old Fort, NC and Holmesville, OH— 6,542 20,668 5,317 (7,851)24,676 1955; 1966; 1970Jan. 2014
Retail facility in Gronau, Germany— 281 4,401 — (461)4,221 1989Jan. 2014
Industrial and warehouse facility in Newbridge, United Kingdom9,900 6,851 22,868 — (6,941)22,778 1998Jan. 2014
Industrial facility in Mount Carmel, IL— 135 3,265 — (197)3,203 1896Jan. 2014
Retail facility in Vantaa, Finland— 5,291 15,522 — (2,051)18,762 2004Jan. 2014
Retail facility in Linköping, Sweden— 1,484 9,402 — (2,239)8,647 2004Jan. 2014
Industrial facility in Calgary, Canada— — 7,076 — (863)6,213 1965Jan. 2014
Industrial facilities in Kearney, MO; Fair Bluff, NC; York, NE; Walbridge, OH; Middlesex Township, PA; Rocky Mount, VA; and Martinsburg, WV5,618 5,780 40,860 — (467)46,173 VariousJan. 2014
Industrial facility in Monheim, Germany— 2,939 7,379 — (1,529)8,789 1992Jan. 2014
Industrial facility in Göppingen, Germany— 10,717 60,120 — (10,747)60,090 1930Jan. 2014
Industrial and office facility in Nagold, Germany— 4,553 17,675 — 1,713 23,941 1994Oct. 2018
Warehouse facilities in Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, Luton, Newport, Plymouth, and Southampton, United Kingdom — 1,062 23,087 — 1,298 25,447 VariousOct. 2018
Warehouse facility in Gieten, Netherlands— — 15,258 — 1,131 16,389 1985Oct. 2018
Warehouse facility in Oxnard, CA — — 10,960 — (622)10,338 1975Oct. 2018
Industrial facilities in Bartow, FL; Momence, IL; Smithfield, NC; Hudson, NY; and Ardmore, OK — 4,454 87,030 — 1,881 93,365 VariousOct. 2018
Industrial facility in Countryside, IL — 563 1,457 — 26 2,046 1981Oct. 2018
Industrial facility in Clarksville, TN 3,464 1,680 10,180 — (33)11,827 1998Oct. 2018
Industrial facility in Bluffton, IN 1,706 503 3,407 — (21)3,889 1975Oct. 2018
Warehouse facility in Houston, TX — — 5,977 — (61)5,916 1972Oct. 2018
Less: allowance for credit losses(17,073)(17,073)
$42,721 $97,504 $673,026 $10,899 $(69,455)$711,974 
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 135

SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION (Continued)
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)
Initial Cost to Company
Cost 
Capitalized
Subsequent to
Acquisition (a)
Increase 
(Decrease)
in Net
Investments (b)
Gross Amount at which Carried 
 at Close of Period (c) (d)
Life on which
Depreciation
in Latest
Statement of
Income is
Computed
DescriptionEncumbrancesLandBuildingsPersonal PropertyLandBuildingsPersonal PropertyTotal
Accumulated Depreciation (d)
Date of ConstructionDate Acquired
Land, Buildings and Improvements Attributable to Operating Properties – Hotels
Bloomington, MN$— $3,810 $29,126 $3,622 $6,164 $(247)$3,874 $31,181 $7,420 $42,475 $11,402 2008Jan. 2014
34 yrs.
Land, Buildings and Improvements Attributable to Operating Properties – Self-Storage Facilities
 Loves Park, IL — 1,412 4,853 — 28 — 1,412 4,862 19 6,293 400 1997Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Cherry Valley, IL — 1,339 4,160 — 3 — 1,339 4,160 3 5,502 332 1988Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Rockford, IL — 695 3,873 — 19 — 695 3,883 9 4,587 282 1979Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Rockford, IL — 87 785 — — — 87 785 — 872 51 1979Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Rockford, IL — 454 4,724 — 10 — 454 4,733 1 5,188 282 1957Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Peoria, IL — 444 4,944 — 117 — 443 5,043 19 5,505 411 1990Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 East Peoria, IL — 268 3,290 — 92 — 268 3,374 8 3,650 266 1986Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Loves Park, IL — 721 2,973 — 17 — 721 2,990 — 3,711 223 1978Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Winder, GA — 338 1,310 — 40 — 338 1,340 10 1,688 106 2006Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
 Winder, GA — 821 3,180 — 4 — 821 3,180 4 4,005 249 2001Oct. 2018
40 yrs.
$— $10,389 $63,218 $3,622 $6,494 $(247)$10,452 $65,531 $7,493 $83,476 $14,004 
__________
(a)Consists of the cost of improvements subsequent to acquisition and acquisition costs, including construction costs on build-to-suit transactions, legal fees, appraisal fees, title costs, and other related professional fees. For business combinations, transaction costs are excluded.
(b)The increase (decrease) in net investment was primarily due to (i) sales of properties, (ii) impairment charges, (iii) changes in foreign currency exchange rates, (iv) allowances for credit loss (Note 2, Note 6), (v) reclassifications from net investments in direct financing leases to real estate subject to operating leases, and (vi) the amortization of unearned income from net investments in direct financing leases, which produces a periodic rate of return that at times may be greater or less than lease payments received.
(c)Excludes (i) gross lease intangible assets of $3.1 billion and the related accumulated amortization of $1.3 billion, (ii) gross lease intangible liabilities of $287.4 million and the related accumulated amortization of $90.2 million, (iii) assets held for sale, net of $18.6 million, and (iv) real estate under construction of $119.4 million.
(d)A reconciliation of real estate and accumulated depreciation follows:
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 136

W. P. CAREY INC.
NOTES TO SCHEDULE III — REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
(in thousands)
Reconciliation of Land, Buildings and Improvements Subject to Operating Leases
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Beginning balance$9,703,504 $8,717,612 $5,334,446 
Acquisitions555,032 610,381 734,963 
Foreign currency translation adjustment290,559 (37,032)(88,715)
Reclassification from direct financing lease183,789 76,934 15,998 
Reclassification from real estate under construction176,211 122,519 86,784 
Dispositions(167,671)(90,488)(296,543)
Capital improvements35,722 18,860 25,727 
Impairment charges(26,343)(1,345)(3,030)
Reclassification to assets held for sale(14,051)— — 
Reclassification from operating properties— 291,750 — 
CPA:17 Merger measurement period adjustments— (5,687)— 
Acquisitions through CPA:17 Merger— — 2,907,982 
Ending balance$10,736,752 $9,703,504 $8,717,612 
Reconciliation of Accumulated Depreciation for
Land, Buildings and Improvements Subject to Operating Leases
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Beginning balance$950,452 $724,550 $613,543 
Depreciation expense259,337 232,927 162,119 
Dispositions(24,786)(6,109)(41,338)
Foreign currency translation adjustment24,764 (916)(9,774)
Reclassification to assets held for sale(2,855)— — 
Ending balance$1,206,912 $950,452 $724,550 
Reconciliation of Land, Buildings and Improvements Attributable to Operating Properties
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Beginning balance$83,083 $466,050 $83,047 
Capital improvements393 1,853 3,080 
Reclassification to operating leases— (291,750)— 
Reclassification to assets held for sale— (94,078)— 
Reclassification from real estate under construction— 1,008 — 
Acquisitions through CPA:17 Merger— — 423,530 
Dispositions— — (43,607)
Ending balance$83,476 $83,083 $466,050 
Reconciliation of Accumulated Depreciation for
Land, Buildings and Improvements
Attributable to Operating Properties
Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Beginning balance$11,241 $10,234 $16,419 
Depreciation expense2,763 2,553 4,240 
Reclassification to assets held for sale— (1,546)— 
Dispositions— — (10,425)
Ending balance$14,004 $11,241 $10,234 

At December 31, 2020, the aggregate cost of real estate that we and our consolidated subsidiaries own for federal income tax purposes was approximately $13.2 billion.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 137

W. P. CAREY INC.
SCHEDULE IV — MORTGAGE LOANS ON REAL ESTATE
December 31, 2020
(dollars in thousands)
Interest RateFinal Maturity DateCarrying Amount
Description
Financing agreement — retail facility7.5 %Mar. 2025$12,893 
Financing agreement — observation wheel7.5 %
Jan. 2021 (a)
11,250 
$24,143 
__________
(a)As of the date of this Report, we are negotiating an extension to the maturity date of this loan receivable.

Reconciliation of Mortgage Loans on Real Estate
 Years Ended December 31,
202020192018
Beginning balance$47,737 $57,737 $— 
Allowance for credit losses (Note 6)
(12,594)— — 
Repayments(11,000)(10,000)— 
Acquisitions through CPA:17 Merger— — 57,737 
Ending balance$24,143 $47,737 $57,737 

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 138

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our disclosure controls and procedures include internal controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in this and other reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the required time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. It should be noted that no system of controls can provide complete assurance of achieving a company’s objectives and that future events may impact the effectiveness of a system of controls.
 
Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, after conducting an evaluation, together with members of our management, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of December 31, 2020 at a reasonable level of assurance.
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
We assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting at December 31, 2020. In making this assessment, we used criteria set forth in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our assessment, we concluded that, at December 31, 2020, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
 
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, and in connection therewith, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has issued an attestation report on the Company’s effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, as stated in their report in Item 8.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information.

None.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 139

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
 
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.
 
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
 
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
 
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
 
This information will be contained in our definitive proxy statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days following the end of our fiscal year, and is incorporated herein by reference.

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 140

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
 
(1) and (2) — Financial statements and schedules: see index to financial statements and schedules included in Item 8.
 
(3) Exhibits:
 
The following exhibits are filed with this Report. Documents other than those designated as being filed herewith are incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
3.1  Articles of Amendment and Restatement 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 16, 2017
3.2 Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of W. P. Carey Inc.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 16, 2017
4.1  Form of Common Stock Certificate 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed February 26, 2013
4.2 Indenture, dated as of March 14, 2014, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 14, 2014
4.3 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 14, 2014, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 14, 2014
4.4 Form of Global Note Representing $500,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of 4.60% Senior Notes due 2024
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 14, 2014
4.5 Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 21, 2015, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2015
4.6 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.000% Senior Notes due 2023
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 21, 2015
4.7 Third Supplemental Indenture, dated January 26, 2015, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 26, 2015
4.8 Form of Note representing $450 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 4.000% Senior Notes due 2025
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 26, 2015
4.9 Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 12, 2016, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 12, 2016
4.10 Form of Note representing $350 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 4.250% Senior Notes due 2026
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 12, 2016
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 141

Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
4.11 Indenture, dated as of November 8, 2016, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-233159) filed August 9, 2019
4.12 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 19, 2017, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 19, 2017
4.13 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.250% Senior Notes due 2024
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 19, 2017
4.14 Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 6, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 6, 2018
4.15 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.125% Senior Notes due 2027
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 6, 2018
4.16 Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 9, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 9, 2018
4.17 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.250% Senior Notes due 2026
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 9, 2018
4.18 Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated June 14, 2019, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 10-Q filed August 2, 2019
4.19 Form of Note representing $325 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 3.850% Senior Notes due 2029
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 10-Q filed August 2, 2019
4.20 Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 19, 2019, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2019
4.21 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 1.350% Senior Notes due 2028
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2019
4.22 Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.22 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed February 21, 2020
4.23 Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated October 14, 2020, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 14, 2020
4.24 Form of 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 14, 2020
10.1  W. P. Carey Inc. 1997 Share Incentive Plan, as amended * 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed March 2, 2015
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 142

Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
10.2  W. P. Carey Inc. (formerly W. P. Carey & Co. LLC) Long-Term Incentive Program as amended and restated effective as of September 28, 2012 * 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed February 26, 2013
10.3  W. P. Carey Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Employees * 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed February 26, 2013
10.4  Amended and Restated W. P. Carey Inc. 2009 Share Incentive Plan * 
Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of Schedule 14A filed April 30, 2013
10.5  2017 Annual Incentive Compensation Plan 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit A of Schedule 14A filed April 11, 2017
10.6  2017 Share Incentive Plan 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit B of Schedule 14A filed April 11, 2017
10.7  Form of Share Option Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9 to Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed June 27, 2017
10.8  Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed June 27, 2017
10.9 Form of Restricted Share Unit Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed June 27, 2017
10.10 Form of Long-Term Performance Share Unit Award Agreement pursuant to the W. P. Carey Inc. 2017 Share Incentive Plan
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed June 27, 2017
10.11 Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Share Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed June 27, 2017
10.12  W. P. Carey Inc. 2009 Non-Employee Directors’ Incentive Plan *
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 filed August 6, 2013
10.13 Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2015 by and among Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated, CPA:18 Limited Partnership and Carey Asset Management Corp.  
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 filed March 2, 2015
10.14 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of January 30, 2018, among Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated, CPA: 18 Limited Partnership and Carey Asset Management Corp.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed February 23, 2018
10.15 Amended and Restated Asset Management Agreement dated as of May 13, 2015, by and among, Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated, CPA:18 Limited Partnership and W. P. Carey & Co. B.V.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 filed May 15, 2015
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 143

Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
10.16 Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2020, among W. P. Carey Inc. and Certain of its Subsidiaries identified therein as Guarantors, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as L/C Issuers, Bank of America, N.A., as Swing Line Lender, and the Lenders party thereto
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 20, 2020
10.17 Agency Agreement dated as of January 19, 2017, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, UK Branch, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 19, 2017
10.18 Agency Agreement dated as of March 6, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, UK Branch, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 6, 2018
10.19 Agency Agreement dated as of October 9, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, UK Branch, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 9, 2018
10.20 Equity Sales Agreement, dated August 9, 2019, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and each of Barclays Capital Inc., BMO Capital Markets Corp., BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC, BofA Securities, Inc., BTIG, LLC, Capital One Securities, Inc., Fifth Third Securities, Inc., Jefferies LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Regions Securities LLC, Scotia Capital (USA) Inc., Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as agents, and each of Barclays Bank PLC, Bank of Montreal, The Bank of New York Mellon, Bank of America, N.A., Jefferies LLC, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, The Bank of Nova Scotia and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as forward purchasers
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 12, 2019
10.21 Agency Agreement dated as of September 19, 2019, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W.P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 19, 2019
10.22 Transition Services Agreement dated as of October 22, 2019, by and between W. P. Carey Inc. and Carey Watermark Investors 2 Incorporated
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 22, 2019
10.23 Forward Confirmation, dated June 17, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, National Association
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 22, 2020
10.24 Forward Confirmation, dated June 17, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and Bank of America, N.A.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 22, 2020
10.25 Forward Confirmation, dated June 18, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, National Association
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.4 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 22, 2020
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 144

Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
10.26 Forward Confirmation, dated June 18, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and Bank of America, N.A.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.5 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 22, 2020
18.1  Preferability letter of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 18.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 filed November 5, 2013
21.1  List of Registrant Subsidiaries 
Filed herewith
23.1  Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Filed herewith
31.1  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Filed herewith
31.2  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Filed herewith
32  Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Filed herewith
99.1  Director and Officer Indemnification Policy 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed February 26, 2013
101.INSXBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL Document.Filed herewith
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentFiled herewith
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
______________________
*The referenced exhibit is a management contract or compensation plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (a)(3) of Form 10-K.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 145

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.

None.
W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 146

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
  W. P. Carey Inc.
  
Date:February 12, 2021By: /s/ ToniAnn Sanzone
  ToniAnn Sanzone
  Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SignatureTitleDate
/s/ Jason E. FoxDirector and Chief Executive OfficerFebruary 12, 2021
Jason E. Fox(Principal Executive Officer) 
/s/ ToniAnn SanzoneChief Financial OfficerFebruary 12, 2021
ToniAnn Sanzone(Principal Financial Officer) 
/s/ Arjun MahalingamChief Accounting OfficerFebruary 12, 2021
Arjun Mahalingam(Principal Accounting Officer) 
/s/ Christopher J. NiehausChairman of the Board and DirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Christopher J. Niehaus  
/s/ Mark A. AlexanderDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Mark A. Alexander
/s/ Tonit M. CalawayDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Tonit M. Calaway
/s/ Peter J. FarrellDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Peter J. Farrell
/s/ Robert J. FlanaganDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Robert J. Flanagan
/s/ Axel K. A. HansingDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Axel K. A. Hansing  
/s/ Jean HoysradtDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Jean Hoysradt  
/s/ Margaret G. LewisDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Margaret G. Lewis
/s/ Nicolaas J. M. van OmmenDirectorFebruary 12, 2021
Nicolaas J. M. van Ommen  

W. P. Carey 2020 10-K – 147

EXHIBIT INDEX
 
The following exhibits are filed with this Report. Documents other than those designated as being filed herewith are incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
3.1  Articles of Amendment and Restatement 
3.2 Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of W. P. Carey Inc.
4.1  Form of Common Stock Certificate 
4.2 Indenture, dated as of March 14, 2014, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.3 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 14, 2014, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.4 Form of Global Note Representing $500,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of 4.60% Senior Notes due 2024
4.5 Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 21, 2015, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.6 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.000% Senior Notes due 2023
4.7 Third Supplemental Indenture, dated January 26, 2015, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.8 Form of Note representing $450 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 4.000% Senior Notes due 2025
4.9 Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 12, 2016, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.10 Form of Note representing $350 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 4.250% Senior Notes due 2026
4.11 Indenture, dated as of November 8, 2016, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee


Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
4.12 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 19, 2017, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
4.13 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.250% Senior Notes due 2024
4.14 Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 6, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.15 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.125% Senior Notes due 2027
4.16 Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 9, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.17 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 2.250% Senior Notes due 2026
4.18 Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated June 14, 2019, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.19 Form of Note representing $325 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 3.850% Senior Notes due 2029
4.20 Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 19, 2019, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.21 Form of Note representing €500 Million Aggregate Principal Amount of 1.350% Senior Notes due 2028
4.22 Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act
4.23 Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated October 14, 2020, by and between W. P. Carey Inc., as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
4.24 Form of 2.400% Senior Notes due 2031
10.1  W. P. Carey Inc. 1997 Share Incentive Plan, as amended * 
10.2  W. P. Carey Inc. (formerly W. P. Carey & Co. LLC) Long-Term Incentive Program as amended and restated effective as of September 28, 2012 * 


Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
10.3  W. P. Carey Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Employees * 
10.4  Amended and Restated W. P. Carey Inc. 2009 Share Incentive Plan * 
10.5  2017 Annual Incentive Compensation Plan 
10.6  2017 Share Incentive Plan 
10.7  Form of Share Option Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan 
10.8  Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan 
10.9 Form of Restricted Share Unit Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan
10.10 Form of Long-Term Performance Share Unit Award Agreement pursuant to the W. P. Carey Inc. 2017 Share Incentive Plan
10.11 Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Share Agreement under the 2017 Share Incentive Plan
10.12  W. P. Carey Inc. 2009 Non-Employee Directors’ Incentive Plan *
 
10.13 Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of January 1, 2015 by and among Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated, CPA:18 Limited Partnership and Carey Asset Management Corp.  
10.14 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of January 30, 2018, among Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated, CPA: 18 Limited Partnership and Carey Asset Management Corp.
10.15 Amended and Restated Asset Management Agreement dated as of May 13, 2015, by and among, Corporate Property Associates 18 – Global Incorporated, CPA:18 Limited Partnership and W. P. Carey & Co. B.V.
10.16 Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2020, among W. P. Carey Inc. and Certain of its Subsidiaries identified therein as Guarantors, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as L/C Issuers, Bank of America, N.A., as Swing Line Lender, and the Lenders party thereto


Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
10.17 Agency Agreement dated as of January 19, 2017, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, UK Branch, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
10.18 Agency Agreement dated as of March 6, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, UK Branch, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
10.19 Agency Agreement dated as of October 9, 2018, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W. P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, UK Branch, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
10.20 Equity Sales Agreement, dated August 9, 2019, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and each of Barclays Capital Inc., BMO Capital Markets Corp., BNY Mellon Capital Markets, LLC, BofA Securities, Inc., BTIG, LLC, Capital One Securities, Inc., Fifth Third Securities, Inc., Jefferies LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Regions Securities LLC, Scotia Capital (USA) Inc., Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as agents, and each of Barclays Bank PLC, Bank of Montreal, The Bank of New York Mellon, Bank of America, N.A., Jefferies LLC, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, The Bank of Nova Scotia and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as forward purchasers
10.21 Agency Agreement dated as of September 19, 2019, by and among WPC Eurobond B.V., as issuer, W.P. Carey Inc., as guarantor, Elavon Financial Services DAC, as paying agent and U.S. Bank National Association, as transfer agent, registrar and trustee
10.22 Transition Services Agreement dated as of October 22, 2019, by and between W. P. Carey Inc. and Carey Watermark Investors 2 Incorporated
10.23 Forward Confirmation, dated June 17, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, National Association
10.24 Forward Confirmation, dated June 17, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and Bank of America, N.A.
10.25 Forward Confirmation, dated June 18, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, National Association
10.26 Forward Confirmation, dated June 18, 2020, by and among W. P. Carey Inc. and Bank of America, N.A.
18.1  Preferability letter of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm


Exhibit
No.		 Description Method of Filing
21.1  List of Registrant Subsidiaries 
23.1  Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
31.1  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
31.2  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
32  Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
99.1  Director and Officer Indemnification Policy 
101.INSXBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL Document.Filed herewith
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentFiled herewith
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith
______________________
*The referenced exhibit is a management contract or compensation plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (a)(3) of Form 10-K.

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