UNITED STATESSECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 25, 2005
OR
o Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Commission File Number: 0-21660
PAPA JOHNS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
61-1203323
(State or other jurisdiction ofincorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identificationnumber)
2002 Papa Johns Boulevard
Louisville, Kentucky 40299-2334
(Address of principal executive offices)
(502) 261-7272
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:
Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No ý
At October 27, 2005, there were outstanding 16,738,606 shares of the registrants common stock, par value $.01 per share.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets September 25, 2005 and December 26, 2004
Consolidated Statements of Operations Three and Nine Months Ended September 25, 2005 and September 26, 2004
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity Nine Months Ended September 25, 2005 and September 26, 2004
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Nine Months Ended September 25, 2005 and September 26, 2004
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2.
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION
Legal Proceedings
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 6.
Exhibits
1
Item 1. Financial Statements
Papa Johns International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)
Sept. 25, 2005
Dec. 26, 2004
(Unaudited)
(Note)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
27,357
14,698
Accounts receivable
26,516
28,384
Inventories
23,280
23,230
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
9,128
15,208
Deferred income taxes
9,807
7,624
Total current assets
96,088
89,144
Investments
7,433
8,552
Net property and equipment
183,618
197,103
Notes receivable from franchisees and affiliates
5,500
6,828
4,684
6,117
Goodwill
48,847
51,071
Other assets
14,959
15,672
Total assets
361,129
374,487
Liabilities and stockholders equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
29,274
35,934
Income and other taxes
18,395
17,270
Accrued expenses
48,949
44,771
Current portion of debt
48,767
15,709
Total current liabilities
145,385
113,684
Unearned franchise and development fees
7,575
8,208
Long-term debt, net of current portion
78,521
Other long-term liabilities
31,581
34,851
Stockholders equity:
Preferred stock
Common stock
337
325
Additional paid-in capital
283,475
242,656
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
155
(555
)
Retained earnings
348,790
317,142
Treasury stock
(456,169
(420,345
Total stockholders equity
176,588
139,223
Total liabilities and stockholders equity
Note: The balance sheet at December 26, 2004 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for a complete set of financial statements.
See accompanying notes.
2
Three Months Ended
Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Sept. 26, 2004
Domestic revenues:
Company-owned restaurant sales
107,241
98,086
328,513
306,530
Variable interest entities restaurant sales
2,121
4,904
9,581
9,949
Franchise royalties
12,312
12,093
38,585
37,124
Franchise and development fees
688
762
2,198
1,770
Commissary sales
94,787
90,738
291,195
274,889
Other sales
11,512
13,062
36,963
40,683
International revenues:
Royalties and franchise and development fees
2,016
1,832
6,060
5,166
Restaurant and commissary sales
5,658
6,348
17,748
18,660
Total revenues
236,335
227,825
730,843
694,771
Costs and expenses:
Domestic Company-owned restaurant expenses:
Cost of sales
22,051
21,741
70,876
74,288
Salaries and benefits
32,494
31,657
100,838
97,814
Advertising and related costs
9,396
9,024
28,953
27,753
Occupancy costs
7,016
6,750
20,177
19,551
Other operating expenses
14,736
13,439
42,827
40,526
Total domestic Company-owned restaurant expenses
85,693
82,611
263,671
259,932
Variable interest entities restaurant expenses
1,781
4,103
8,324
8,784
Domestic commissary and other expenses:
78,706
74,311
239,611
226,554
7,195
7,165
21,738
21,364
11,583
14,031
37,987
43,231
Total domestic commissary and other expenses
97,484
95,507
299,336
291,149
Loss (gain) from the franchise cheese purchasing program, net of minority interest
(2,649
211
(1,807
14,555
International operating expenses
4,963
5,319
15,070
15,527
General and administrative expenses
23,529
18,180
67,587
54,289
Other general expenses
609
264
3,928
2,054
Depreciation and amortization
7,277
7,774
21,945
23,152
Total costs and expenses
218,687
213,969
678,054
669,442
Operating income
17,648
13,856
52,789
25,329
Investment income
502
204
1,248
488
Interest expense
(987
(1,479
(3,802
(3,775
Income before income taxes
17,163
12,581
50,235
22,042
Income tax expense
6,350
4,718
18,587
8,266
Net income
10,813
7,863
31,648
13,776
Basic earnings per common share
.63
.47
1.88
.79
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution
.62
.46
1.85
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
17,216
16,793
16,824
17,343
Weighted average shares outstanding - assuming dilution
17,522
16,917
17,116
17,537
3
Accumulated
Common
Additional
Other
Total
Stock Shares
Paid-In
Comprehensive
Retained
Treasury
Stockholders
Outstanding
Stock
Capital
Income (Loss)
Earnings
Equity
Balance at December 28, 2003
18,113
317
219,584
(3,116
293,921
(351,434
159,272
Comprehensive income:
Change in valuation of interest rate swap agreement, net of tax of $989
1,614
Other, net
98
Comprehensive income
15,488
Exercise of stock options
438
5
11,036
11,041
Tax benefit related to exercise of non-qualified stock options
1,423
Acquisition of treasury stock
(1,829
(58,027
1,744
Balance at September 26, 2004
16,722
322
233,787
(1,404
307,697
(409,461
130,941
Balance at December 26, 2004
16,730
Change in valuation of interest rate swap agreement, net of tax of $553
852
(142
32,358
Issuance of common shares from treasury stock
27
1,000
1,181
12
34,896
34,908
4,309
(884
(36,824
Balance at September 25, 2005
17,054
At September 26, 2004, the accumulated other comprehensive loss of $1,404 was comprised of net unrealized loss on the interest rate swap agreement of $1,583, net unrealized loss on investments of $30 and unrealized foreign currency translation gains of $209.
At September 25, 2005, the accumulated other comprehensive gain of $155 was comprised of unrealized foreign currency translation gains of $309, offset by net unrealized loss on investments of $41 and net unrealized loss on the interest rate swap agreement of $113.
4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Operating activities
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Restaurant closure and disposition losses
104
62
Provision for uncollectible accounts and notes receivable
2,245
2,031
(1,292
(2,114
1,926
1,387
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(748
(7,306
(138
(4,498
6,217
538
Other assets and liabilities
(2,393
(1,854
(5,523
(695
1,125
(4,960
4,506
(1,570
(633
1,892
Net cash provided by operating activities
63,298
21,264
Investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment
(9,974
(16,498
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
47
3,637
Purchase of investments
(6,597
(4,569
Proceeds from sale or maturity of investments
7,773
3,999
Loans to franchisees and affiliates
(3,085
(2,500
Loan repayments from franchisees and affiliates
6,414
4,023
Proceeds from divestitures of restaurants
78
Net cash used in investing activities
(5,422
(11,830
Financing activities
Net proceeds (repayments) from line of credit facility
(42,500
26,500
Net proceeds (repayments) from short-term debt - variable interest entities
(1,325
15,288
Payments on long-term debt
(250
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from treasury stock
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from formation of joint venture
2,500
(352
(457
Net cash used in financing activities
(45,093
(3,405
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(124
108
Change in cash and cash equivalents
12,659
6,137
Cash resulting from consolidation of variable interest entities
254
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
7,071
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
13,462
September 25, 2005
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 25, 2005. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for Papa Johns International, Inc. (referred to as the Company, Papa Johns or in the first person notations of we, us and our) for the year ended December 26, 2004.
2. Accounting for Variable Interest Entities
In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Interpretation No. 46,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (FIN 46). FIN 46 provides a framework for identifying variable interest entities (VIEs) and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements.
In general, a VIE is a corporation, partnership, limited-liability company, trust, or any other legal structure used to conduct activities or hold assets that either (1) has an insufficient amount of equity to carry out its principal activities without additional subordinated financial support, (2) has a group of equity owners that are unable to make significant decisions about its activities, or (3) has a group of equity owners that do not have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns generated by its operations.
FIN 46 requires a VIE to be consolidated if a party with an ownership, contractual or other financial interest in the VIE (a variable interest holder) is obligated to absorb a majority of the risk of loss from the VIEs activities, is entitled to receive a majority of the VIEs residual returns (if no party absorbs a majority of the VIEs losses), or both. A variable interest holder that consolidates the VIE is called the primary beneficiary. Upon consolidation, the primary beneficiary generally must initially record all of the VIEs assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests at fair value and subsequently account for the VIE as if it were consolidated based on majority voting interest. FIN 46 also requires disclosures about VIEs that the variable interest holder is not required to consolidate but in which it has a significant variable interest.
We have a purchasing arrangement with BIBP Commodities, Inc. (BIBP), a special purpose entity formed at the direction of our Franchise Advisory Council in 1999, for the sole purpose of reducing cheese price volatility to domestic system-wide restaurants. BIBP is an independent, franchisee-owned corporation. BIBP purchases cheese at the market price and sells it to our distribution subsidiary, PJ Food Service, Inc. (PJFS), at a fixed quarterly price based in part upon historical average market prices. PJFS in turn sells cheese to Papa Johns restaurants (both Company-owned and franchised) at a set quarterly price. PJFS purchased $37.1 million and $111.5 million of cheese from BIBP for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively, and $34.6 million and $100.9 million of cheese for the comparable periods in 2004, respectively.
As defined by FIN 46, we are the primary beneficiary of BIBP, a VIE, and we began consolidating the balance sheet of BIBP as of December 28, 2003. We recognize the operating losses generated by BIBP if BIBPs shareholders equity is in a net deficit position. Further, we will recognize the subsequent operating income generated by BIBP up to the amount of any losses previously recognized. We recognized pre-tax gains of $3.0 million ($1.9 million net of tax, or $0.11 per share) and $1.3 million ($797,000 net of tax, or $0.05 per share) for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively and pretax losses of $500,000 ($312,500 net of tax, or $0.02 per share) and $20.5 million ($12.8 million net of tax, or $0.73 per share) for the comparable periods in 2004, respectively, from the consolidation of BIBP. The impact on future operating income from the consolidation of BIBP is expected to continue to be significant for any given
6
reporting period due to the noted volatility of the cheese market, but is not expected to be cumulatively significant over time.
BIBP has an $18.0 million line of credit with a commercial bank, which is not guaranteed by Papa Johns. If the bank line of credit is substantially utilized, Papa Johns will provide additional funding in the form of a loan to BIBP. As of September 25, 2005, BIBP had outstanding borrowings of $12.8 million under the commercial bank facility and $12.9 million from Papa Johns (the $12.9 million outstanding balance from Papa Johns is eliminated upon consolidation of the financial results of BIBP with Papa Johns).
In addition, Papa Johns has extended loans to certain franchisees. Under FIN 46, Papa Johns is deemed the primary beneficiary of three franchise entities as of September 25, 2005 and four franchise entities as of December 26, 2004, even though we have no ownership interest in them. Effective at the beginning of the second quarter of 2005, one of the franchisees, with 19 restaurants and annual revenues approximating $12.0 million, sold its restaurants to a third party. The loan from Papa Johns was partially repaid and the remainder was written off in connection with the sale. The portion of the loan written off in connection with the second quarter sale was fully reserved as of the end of the first quarter. Accordingly, the financial statements exclude the operating results of this entity for the second and third quarters of 2005 as well as the financial position of this entity as of September 25, 2005. The sale of these restaurants and related loan write-off did not have any significant impact on Papa Johns consolidated operating results.
The three remaining franchise entities consolidated at September 25, 2005 operate a total of 14 restaurants with annual revenues approximating $9.0 million. Our net loan balance receivable from these three entities is $1.7 million at September 25, 2005, with no further funding commitments. The consolidation of these entities resulted in the recording of goodwill approximating $540,000 and the elimination of the $1.7 million net loan balance receivable. The consolidation of the franchise entities has had no significant impact on Papa Johns operating results and is not expected to have a significant impact in future periods.
The following table summarizes the balance sheets for our consolidated VIEs as of September 25, 2005 and December 26, 2004:
BIBP
Franchisees
Assets:
90
1,666
115
15
59
Accounts receivable - Papa Johns
10,902
6,484
843
338
193
594
787
1,201
3,794
540
2,752
8,346
8,817
20,091
2,184
22,275
17,160
7,314
24,474
Liabilities and stockholders equity (deficit):
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
8,393
216
8,609
7,777
1,260
9,037
Short-term debt - third party
12,750
14,075
1,634
Short-term debt - Papa Johns
12,862
1,716
14,578
10,000
3,575
13,575
Total liabilities
34,005
1,932
35,937
31,852
6,469
38,321
Stockholders equity (deficit)
(13,914
252
(13,662
(14,692
845
(13,847
Total liabilities and stockholders equity (deficit)
7
3. Debt
Our debt is comprised of the following (in thousands):
Revolving line of credit
36,000
78,500
Debt associated with VIEs *
17
21
Total debt
94,230
Less: current portion of debt
(48,767
(15,709
Long-term debt
*The VIEs third-party creditors do not have any recourse to Papa Johns.
The $36.0 million outstanding line of credit is classified as a current liability as of September 25, 2005 since the line of credit expires in January 2006. We do not anticipate any problems in renewing or replacing the line of credit.
4. Calculation of Earnings Per Share
The calculations of basic earnings per common share and earnings per common share assuming dilution are as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
Basic earnings per common share:
Weighted average shares outstanding
0.63
0.47
0.79
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution:
Dilutive effect of outstanding common stock options
306
124
292
194
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
0.62
0.46
5. Stock-Based Compensation
Effective at the beginning of fiscal 2002, we elected to expense the cost of employee stock options in accordance with the fair value method contained in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting and Disclosure of Stock-Based Compensation. Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value for options is estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton (Black-Scholes) option-pricing model, which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. The election was effective as of the beginning of fiscal 2002 and applies to all stock options issued after the effective date. Prior to 2002, we followed Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations, in accounting for our employee stock options. Under APB No. 25, no compensation expense is recognized provided the exercise price of employee stock options equals or exceeds the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, which is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123. We expect to continue using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model upon the required adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) at the beginning of fiscal 2006. If we had adopted SFAS No. 123(R) in prior years, the impact of that standard would have approximated the impact of SFAS No. 123 as described in the following paragraph. SFAS 123(R) also requires the benefit of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation expense to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow as required currently. This requirement will reduce net operating cash flows
8
and increase net financing cash flows in periods after the adoption. While we cannot estimate what those amounts will be in the future (because they depend on, among other things, when employees exercise stock options), the amount of the tax deductions recognized from the exercise of stock options in operating cash flows for the nine months ended September 25, 2005 and September 26, 2004 were $4.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively.
During the three and nine months ended September 26, 2005, we recorded $456,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, in stock-based employee compensation expense, net of tax effects, compared to $377,000 and $1.1 million for the comparable periods in the prior year for options granted after the adoption of SFAS No. 123. The remaining options outstanding prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123 are minimal and would not have a significant impact on net income or earnings per share had SFAS No. 123 been adopted at the time those options were granted.
6. Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income is comprised of the following:
Change in valuation of swap agreement, net of tax
174
189
(57
(17
10,930
8,035
7. Segment Information
We have defined five reportable segments: domestic restaurants, domestic commissaries, domestic franchising, international operations and variable interest entities (VIEs).
The domestic restaurant segment consists of the operations of all domestic (domestic is defined as contiguous United States) Company-owned restaurants and derives its revenues principally from retail sales of pizza and side items, such as breadsticks, cheesesticks, chicken strips, chicken wings and soft drinks, to the general public. The domestic commissary segment consists of the operations of our regional dough production and product distribution centers and derives its revenues principally from the sale and distribution of food and paper products to domestic Company-owned and franchised restaurants. The domestic franchising segment consists of our franchise sales and support activities and derives its revenues from sales of franchise and development rights and collection of royalties from our domestic franchisees. The international operations segment principally consists of our Company-owned restaurants and commissary operation located in the United Kingdom and our franchise sales and support activities, which derive revenues from sales of franchise and development rights and the collection of royalties from our international franchisees. VIEs consist of entities in which we are the primary beneficiary, as defined in Note 2, and include BIBP and certain franchisees to which we have extended loans. All other business units that do not meet the quantitative thresholds for determining reportable segments consist of operations that derive revenues from the sale, principally to Company-owned and franchised restaurants, of printing and promotional items, risk management services, and information systems and related services used in restaurant operations.
Generally, we evaluate performance and allocate resources based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes and eliminations. Certain administrative and capital costs are allocated to segments based upon predetermined rates or actual estimated resource usage. We account for intercompany sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties and eliminate the related profit in consolidation.
Our reportable segments are business units that provide different products or services. Separate management of each segment is required because each business unit is subject to different operational issues and strategies. No single external customer accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated revenues.
9
Our segment information is as follows:
Revenues from external customers:
Domestic Company-owned restaurants
Domestic commissaries
Domestic franchising
13,000
12,855
40,783
38,894
International
7,674
8,180
23,808
23,826
Variable interest entities (1)
All others
Total revenues from external customers
Intersegment revenues:
28,891
29,026
90,735
85,239
287
187
890
575
50
144
160
37,072
34,590
111,521
100,935
2,749
2,743
8,507
8,752
Total intersegment revenues
69,049
66,596
211,797
195,661
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Domestic Company-owned restaurants (2)
4,682
(534
15,260
3,581
Domestic commissaries (3)
5,210
4,598
18,562
13,737
11,769
11,273
36,782
33,956
(502
333
(423
500
3,044
(489
1,264
(20,494
1,009
895
2,682
1,349
Unallocated corporate expenses (4)
(8,012
(3,661
(23,594
(10,662
Elimination of net intersegment (profits) losses
(37
166
(298
75
Total income before income taxes
Property and equipment:
147,352
72,802
3,192
Variable interest entities (5)
2,132
12,362
Unallocated corporate assets
120,806
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(175,028
(1) The revenues from external customers for variable interest entities are attributable to the franchise entities to which we have extended loans that qualify as consolidated VIEs. The intersegment revenues for variable interest entities are attributable to BIBP. The income (loss) before income taxes for variable interest entities primarily relates to BIBP.
(2) The operating results for domestic Company-owned restaurants improved $5.2 million and $11.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively, primarily due to the fixed cost leverage associated with an increase in comparable sales for the corresponding periods and improved margin from an increase in restaurant pricing (including the impact of a delivery charge implementation for the majority of Company-owned restaurants in June 2005), partially offset by increased commodity costs (principally cheese).
(3) Domestic commissaries operating income increased $4.8 million for the nine-month period ended September 25, 2005, as a result of improved operating margin and lower administrative costs. The improvement for the third quarter was approximately $612,000 as the impact of the improved operating margin and lower administrative costs was partially offset by increased distribution costs due to rising fuel prices and the cost of donated food product related to Gulf Coast hurricane relief efforts. The year-to-date 2005 operating income for the commissary reporting unit includes a pre-tax charge of $925,000 associated with the closing of the Jackson, Mississippi facility at the end of March. The $925,000 pre-tax charge includes severance payments and a write-off of the remaining net book value of the property, net of salvage value.
(4) Unallocated corporate expenses increased $4.4 million and $12.9 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, respectively, consisting primarily of the following: an increase in business unit and corporate management bonuses of $1.1 million and $4.3 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25,
10
2005, respectively, as a result of meeting pre-established performance goals; an increase in employee benefit costs of approximately $600,000 and $1.3 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, respectively, (primarily payroll taxes associated with stock option exercises, an increase in the amount of FICA taxes paid on employee tips and increased health insurance costs); increased professional fees of $1.2 million and $3.2 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, respectively, the majority of which related to consulting expenses associated with certain marketing and franchisee effectiveness projects; an increase in equity compensation of $800,000 and $900,000 for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, respectively, primarily related to the performance unit program offered to certain executive officers (see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for further discussion); and a reduction in administrative expenses allocated to operating units of $700,000 and $2.7 million for the three- and nine-month periods, respectively. Additionally, the year-to-date 2004 results included a $550,000 gain on the sale of unused property.
(5) Represents property and equipment of VIE franchisees to which we have extended loans.
8. Subsequent Events
On September 26, 2005, we completed the sale of 84 Company-owned restaurants, with revenues approximating $40.0 million for the nine months ended September 26, 2005, in Colorado and Minnesota to a new franchise group, PJCOMN Acquisition Corporation, an affiliate of Washington, DC-based private equity firm Milestone Capital Management, LLC, pursuant to an agreement announced in August 2005. Total proceeds from the transaction were $12.0 million, including $1.0 million for prepaid royalties and was received in cash at closing. The sale of the restaurants is not expected to have a significant impact on our remaining 2005 operating results.
On September 26, 2005, Star Papa, our 51% owned joint venture operating Papa Johns restaurants in Texas, completed the acquisition of six independently-owned franchised Papa Johns restaurants located in the Austin, Texas area. The purchase price was $2.3 million. In addition, the Company also purchased seven Papa Johns franchise restaurants located in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area at the beginning of the fourth quarter for $1.5 million and the forgiveness of accounts receivable approximating $500,000.
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Results of Operations and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The results of operations are based on the preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to select accounting policies for critical accounting areas as well as estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. Significant changes in assumptions and/or conditions in our critical accounting policies could materially impact the operating results. We have identified the following accounting policies and related judgments as critical to understanding the results of our operations.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Notes Receivable
We establish reserves for uncollectible accounts and notes receivable based on overall receivable aging levels and a specific evaluation of accounts and notes for franchisees with known financial difficulties. These reserves and corresponding write-offs could significantly increase if the identified franchisees continue to experience deteriorating financial results.
Long-Lived and Intangible Assets
The recoverability of long-lived assets is evaluated if impairment indicators exist. Indicators of impairment include historical financial performance, operating trends and our future operating plans. If impairment indicators exist, we evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets on an operating unit basis (e.g., an individual restaurant) based on undiscounted expected future cash flows before interest for the expected remaining useful life of the operating unit. Recorded values for long-lived assets that are not expected to be recovered through undiscounted future cash flows are written down to current fair value, which is generally determined from estimated discounted future net cash flows for assets held for use or net realizable value for assets held for sale.
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The recoverability of intangible assets (i.e., goodwill) is evaluated annually, or more frequently if impairment indicators exist, on a reporting unit basis by comparing the fair value derived from discounted expected cash flows of the reporting unit to its carrying value.
At September 25, 2005, we had a net investment of approximately $28.0 million associated with PJUK, our United Kingdom subsidiary, which was substantially composed of goodwill associated with our acquisition of the subsidiary. PJUK has reported deteriorating operating results for the past two years primarily due to lower sales by Perfect Pizza restaurants and a decrease in net franchise units due to restaurant closings. We are assessing possible strategic alternatives for PJUK, including initiatives designed to improve its operating results, which include an anticipated increase in net Papa Johns brand franchise unit openings over the next several years. While our analyses to date do not indicate an impairment of our investment in PJUK has occurred, if these plans are not successful and operating results continue to deteriorate, we may be required to record a significant impairment charge associated with our United Kingdom subsidiary.
Insurance Reserves
Our insurance programs for workers compensation, general liability, owned and non-owned automobiles and health insurance coverage provided to our employees, and the captive insurance program provided to our franchisees, are self-insured up to certain individual and aggregate reinsurance levels. Losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate retained liability for claims incurred using certain third-party actuarial projections and our claims loss experience. The estimated insurance claims losses could be significantly affected should the frequency or ultimate cost of claims significantly differ from historical trends used to estimate the insurance reserves recorded by the Company.
Effective October 2004, a third party commercial insurance company began providing fully insured coverage to franchisees participating in the franchise insurance program and we ceased providing new coverage via our captive insurance subsidiary. Accordingly, this new arrangement eliminates our risk of loss for franchise insurance coverage written after September 2004. Our operating income will still be subject to potential adjustments for changes in estimated insurance reserves for policies written from October 2000 to September 2004. Such adjustments, if any, will be determined in part based upon periodic actuarial valuations.
Consolidation of BIBP Commodities, Inc. (BIBP) as a Variable Interest Entity
BIBP is a franchisee-owned corporation that conducts a cheese-purchasing program on behalf of domestic Company-owned and franchised restaurants. As required by the Financial Accounting Standards Boards (FASB) Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (FIN 46), we began consolidating the financial results of BIBP in the fourth quarter of 2003. We recognized pre-tax gains of approximately $3.0 million and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively, and pre-tax losses of $500,000 and $20.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 26, 2004 from the consolidation of BIBP. We expect the consolidation of BIBP to continue to have a significant impact on Papa Johns operating income in future periods due to the volatility of cheese prices. Papa Johns will recognize the operating losses generated by BIBP if the shareholders equity of BIBP is in a net deficit position. Further, Papa Johns will recognize subsequent operating income generated by BIBP up to the amount of BIBP losses previously recognized by Papa Johns.
Deferred Income Tax Assets and Tax Reserves
As of September 25, 2005, the Company had a net deferred income tax asset balance of $14.5 million, of which approximately $8.3 million relates to BIBPs net operating loss carryforward. We have not provided a valuation allowance for the deferred income tax assets, including BIBPs net operating losses, since we believe it is more likely than not that the Companys future earnings will be sufficient to ensure the realization of the net deferred income tax assets for federal and state purposes.
Certain tax authorities periodically audit the Company. We provide reserves for potential exposures when we consider it probable that a taxing authority may take a sustainable position on a matter contrary to our filed position. We evaluate these issues on a quarterly basis to adjust for events, such as court rulings or audit settlements that may impact our ultimate payment for such exposures.
Restaurant Progression:
Papa Johns Restaurant Progression:
U.S. Company-owned:
Beginning of period
570
566
568
Opened
Closed
(1
(5
Acquired from franchisees
Sold to franchisees
(2
End of period
571
International Company-owned:
U.S. franchised:
2,012
1,984
1,997
2,006
25
29
77
67
(20
(13
(73
Acquired from Company
Sold to Company
2,017
2,001
International franchised:
220
263
214
20
23
42
Converted
(7
(18
(21
305
236
Total restaurants end of period
2,894
2,804
Perfect Pizza Restaurant Progression:
Franchised
114
118
135
(3
(8
(16
Total restaurants - end of period
113
121
Results of Operations
Variable Interest Entities
As required by FIN 46, beginning in 2004, our reported operating results include the operating results of BIBP. The consolidation of BIBP had a significant impact on our operating results during the first nine months of 2005 and for the nine-month and full-year operating results reported in 2004, and is expected to have a significant ongoing impact on our future operating results and income statement presentation as described below.
Consolidation accounting requires the net impact from the consolidation of BIBP to be reflected primarily in three separate components of our statement of income. The first component is the portion of BIBP operating income or loss attributable to the amount of cheese purchased by Company-owned restaurants during the period. This portion of BIBP operating income (loss) is reflected as a reduction (increase) in the Domestic Company-owned restaurant expenses - cost of sales line item. This approach effectively reports cost of sales for Company-owned restaurants as if the purchasing arrangement with BIBP did not exist and such restaurants were purchasing cheese at the spot market prices (i.e., the impact of BIBP is eliminated in consolidation).
The second component of the net impact from the consolidation of BIBP is reflected in the caption Loss (income) from the franchise cheese-purchasing program, net of minority interest. This line item represents BIBPs income or loss from purchasing cheese at the spot market price and selling to franchised restaurants at a fixed quarterly price, net of any income or loss attributable to the minority interest BIBP shareholders. The amount of income or loss attributable to the
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BIBP shareholders depends on its cumulative shareholders equity balance and the change in such balance during the reporting period. The third component is reflected as investment income or interest expense depending upon whether BIBP is in a net investment or net borrowing position during the reporting period.
In addition, Papa Johns has extended loans to certain franchisees. Under the FIN 46 rules, Papa Johns is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of certain franchisees even though we have no ownership interest in them. Beginning in the second quarter of 2004, FIN 46 required Papa Johns to recognize the operating income (losses) generated by four franchise entities operating a total of 33 restaurants with annual sales approximating $21.0 million. Effective at the beginning of the second quarter of 2005, one of these four franchise entities with 19 restaurants and annual revenues approximating $12.0 million, sold its restaurants to a third party. The loan from Papa Johns was partially repaid and the remainder was written off in connection with this sale. Accordingly, beginning in the second quarter of 2005, we were no longer required to consolidate the operating results of these 19 restaurants. The portion of the loan written off in connection with the second-quarter sale was fully reserved as of the end of the first quarter. The sale of these restaurants and related loan write-off did not have any significant impact on Papa Johns 2005 consolidated statement of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005 and September 26, 2004, the consolidation of the applicable franchise entities had no significant net impact (less than $25,000) on Papa Johns operating results.
Total revenues were $236.3 million for the third quarter of 2005 representing an increase of $8.5 million, or 3.7%, from revenues of $227.8 million for the comparable period in 2004. For the nine-month period ended September 25, 2005, total revenues were $730.8 million representing an increase of $36.1 million, or 5.2%, from revenues of $694.8 million for the same period in 2004. The primary components of the increase in revenues for both the three- and nine-month periods are the following:
A $9.2 million and $22.0 million increase, respectively, in Company-owned restaurant revenues for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, as compared to corresponding periods in the prior year. The increase in Company-owned restaurant revenues is primarily due to an increase in comparable sales.
A $4.0 million and $16.3 million increase, respectively, in domestic commissary sales reflecting the impact of higher commodity prices, principally cheese.
These increases were partially offset by a decline in the Companys franchise insurance premium revenue and a $2.8 million reduction in variable interest entities restaurant sales for the third quarter due to the above-noted sale of one of the previously-consolidated franchise entities to a third party as of the beginning of the second quarter of 2005.
Our income before income taxes was $17.2 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005 compared to $12.6 million for the corresponding period in 2004. For the nine months ended September 25, 2005, our income before income taxes was $50.2 million compared to $22.0 million for the corresponding period in 2004. Excluding the impact of the consolidation of BIBP for comparable periods, third quarter 2005 income before income taxes was $14.1 million, an increase of $1.0 million over 2004 results, and income before income taxes for the nine months ended September 25, 2005 was $49.0 million, an increase of $6.4 million over 2004 results. This increase of $1.0 million and $6.4 million, respectively, for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005 (excluding the consolidation of BIBP) is principally due to the following:
Operating income at domestic Company-owned restaurants increased $5.2 million and $11.7 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, respectively, primarily due to the fixed cost leverage associated with an increase in comparable sales (see more detailed information below) for the corresponding periods and improved margin from an increase in restaurant pricing, partially offset by increased commodity costs (principally cheese). The previously announced delivery charge implementation for the majority of Company-owned restaurants in June 2005 allowed additional pricing flexibility that led to increased comparable transactions during the third quarter.
Domestic franchising operating income increased $0.5 million and $2.8 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, respectively, primarily as a result of lower administrative costs associated with franchise operations and higher royalties due to an increase in comparable sales for domestic franchisees for the corresponding periods. The year-to-date 2005 operating income was favorably impacted as a result of increased domestic unit openings.
Commissary operating income increased $0.6 million for the three-month period ended September 25, 2005 primarily due to lower administrative costs. For the nine-month period ended September 25, 2005, the $4.8 million increase occurred as a result of improved operating margin and lower administrative costs. The third
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quarter 2005 operating margin was negatively impacted by increased distribution costs as a result of higher fuel costs. The year-to-date 2005 operating income for the commissary reporting unit includes a pre-tax charge of $925,000 associated with the closing of the Jackson, Mississippi facility at the end of March. The $925,000 pre-tax charge includes severance payments and a write-off of the remaining net book value of the property, net of salvage value.
The Companys franchise insurance program (reported in the All Others segment information) essentially reported break-even results for both the three-month periods ending September 2005 and 2004. On a year-to-date basis in 2005, the franchise insurance program incurred a $527,000 operating loss. This represented an improvement of approximately $1.0 million in operating results compared to the corresponding 2004 period.
The favorable year-over-year impact on operating income of the above items for both the three- and nine-month periods was partially offset by an increase in unallocated corporate expenses of $4.4 million and $12.9 million, consisting primarily of the following (in millions):
Period Ended September 25, 2005
Quarter
Year-to-date
Business unit and corporate management bonuses
1.1
4.3
Employee benefit costs
0.6
1.3
Professional fees
1.2
3.2
Equity compensation and executive performance unit incentive plan
0.8
0.9
Prior year gain on sale of unused property
0.5
Reduced allocation to operating units and other
0.7
2.7
Total increase
4.4
12.9
The increase in business unit and corporate management bonuses is the result of meeting pre-established performance goals. The increase in employee benefit costs consists primarily of payroll taxes associated with stock option exercises, an increase in the amount of FICA taxes paid on employee tips and increased health insurance costs. The increased professional fees are primarily related to consulting expenses associated with certain marketing and franchisee effectiveness projects, as announced in the prior quarter.
The increased equity compensation charge is primarily related to the performance unit program, one component of the 2005 executive incentive compensation program, as previously disclosed in the 2005 proxy statement and other filings. The performance unit program provided for the awarding of performance units, the ultimate value of which is based upon the companys ending stock price and total shareholder return relative to a peer group of companies over a three-year performance period ending in December 2007, with awards paid in cash at the end of the performance period. Participants in the program are entitled to receive payments based on the value of a targeted number of performance units at the end of the measurement period, with adjustments based on relative stock performance against the peer group (ranging from 50% of target at the threshold 40thpercentile, to 200% of target at or above the 75th percentile). The performance unit program requires the Company to estimate the total value to be paid at the end of December 2007, which is recorded on a pro rata basis throughout the performance period, and the estimate is updated at each quarterly reporting period.
The market price of Papa Johns common stock increased approximately 22% during the third quarter, requiring a revised estimate of both the ending stock price and the three-year relative performance measure. This produced an increase of approximately $2.0 million in the total estimated payout at the end of December 2007 as compared to the previous estimate, resulting in a total third quarter charge of approximately $675,000 of which approximately $335,000 related to the change in estimate. Because the revised estimate of the total return for Papa Johns common stock relative to the peer group over the three-year performance period ending December 2007 is now near the maximum level allowable under the performance unit program, any further increases in the total estimated payout are not expected to be significant. However, volatility in the earnings charge or credit recorded from quarter to quarter in response to future estimated payout revisions might occur throughout the remainder of the three-year performance period.
Diluted earnings per share were $0.62 (including an $0.11 per share gain from the consolidation of BIBP) in the third quarter of 2005, compared to $0.46 (including a $0.02 per share loss from the consolidation of BIBP) in the comparable period of 2004. For the nine months ended September 25, 2005, diluted earnings per share were $1.85 per share (including a per share gain of $0.05 per share from the consolidation of BIBP), compared to $0.79 per share (including a per share loss of $0.73 from the consolidation of BIBP) for the comparable period in 2004. In December 1999, we began a
repurchase program for our common stock. Through September 25, 2005, an aggregate of $457.4 million of shares have been repurchased (representing 16.6 million shares, at an average price of $27.55 per share). The share repurchase activity during the past twelve months increased earnings per share by approximately $0.01 for the third quarter of 2005 and $0.07 on a year-to-date basis.
Revenues. Domestic Company-owned restaurant sales increased 9.3% to $107.2 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005, from $98.1 million for the same period in 2004, and increased 7.2% to $328.5 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2005 from $306.5 million for the comparable period in 2004. These increases are primarily due to comparable sales increases of 8.7% and 6.7% for the three- and nine-month periods in 2005.
Domestic franchise sales increased 3.6% to $324.9 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005, from $313.5 million for the same period in 2004, and increased 4.9% to $1.014 billion for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, from $966.8 million for the same period in 2004. The increase for the three months ended September 25, 2005 primarily resulted from a 2.3% increase in comparable sales and a 1.0% increase in the number of equivalent franchise units. The increase for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, primarily resulted from a 3.9% increase in comparable sales. Domestic franchise royalties increased 1.8% to $12.3 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005, from $12.1 million for the comparable period in 2004, and increased 3.9% to $38.6 million for the nine-month period in 2005 as compared to $37.1 million for the comparable period in 2004. The increase for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005 is due to the previously mentioned increase in franchise sales, partially offset by an increase in waivers granted to certain franchisees.
The comparable sales base and average weekly sales for 2005 and 2004 for domestic corporate and franchised restaurants consisted of the following:
Company
Franchise
Total domestic units (end of period)
Equivalent units
1,999
563
1,979
Comparable sales base units
557
1,865
550
1,887
Comparable sales base percentage
98.1
%
93.3
97.7
95.4
Average weekly sales - comparable units
14,589
12,707
13,450
12,261
Average weekly sales - other units
11,369
9,669
11,258
10,691
Average weekly sales - all units
14,528
12,504
13,400
12,188
567
1,989
1,985
556
548
1,901
98.2
93.8
97.4
95.8
14,942
13,283
14,042
12,573
10,694
9,916
10,837
10,552
14,865
13,072
13,958
12,487
Domestic franchise and development fees were $688,000 for the three months ended September 25, 2005, including approximately $169,000 recognized upon development cancellation or franchise renewal and transfer, compared to $762,000 for the same period in 2004 and increased to $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, including approximately $551,000 recognized upon development cancellation or franchise renewal and transfer, from $1.8 million for the same period in 2004. The 2005 domestic franchise and development fees were due to 25 and 77 domestic franchise openings, during the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively, compared to 29 and 67, respectively, opened during the same periods in 2004.
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Domestic commissary sales increased $4.0 million, or 4.5%, to $94.8 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005, from $90.7 million for the comparable period in 2004 and increased $16.3 million, or 5.9%, to $291.2 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, from $274.9 million for the comparable period in 2004. The increase in commissary revenue is primarily due to the favorable impact of higher commodity prices, primarily cheese, on commissary sales. Other sales decreased to $11.5 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005, from $13.1 million for the comparable period in 2004 and decreased to $37.0 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, from $40.7 million for the comparable period in 2004, primarily as a result of a decrease in revenues associated with insurance-related services provided to franchisees.
International revenues consist primarily of the Papa Johns United Kingdom (U.K.) operations, denominated in British Pounds Sterling and converted to U.S. dollars (approximately 85.0% of international revenues for both the three- and nine-month periods in 2005). The remaining international revenues consist of development fees and royalties from other international franchisees and are denominated in U.S. dollars. Total international revenues were $7.7 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005, compared to $8.2 million for the comparable period in 2004, reflecting lower commissary sales due to lower volumes and the unfavorable impact from the change in foreign currency translation. Total international revenues were $23.8 million for both nine-month periods ended September 2005 and 2004, as revenues from increased unit openings were partially offset by the impact of lower average unit volumes on royalties and commissary sales.
Costs and Expenses. The restaurant operating margin at domestic Company-owned units was 20.1% and 19.7% for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively, compared to 15.8% and 15.2% for the same periods in 2004, consisting of the following differences:
Cost of sales were 1.6% and 2.7% lower as a percentage of sales for the three- and nine-month periods in 2005 compared to the same periods in 2004. The impact of consolidating BIBP decreased cost of sales for the three-month period ending September 25, 2005 by 0.7% (no significant impact for the three months ended September 26, 2004); whereas the consolidation of BIBP decreased cost of sales 0.2% for the nine months ended September 26, 2005 and increased cost of sales 1.8% for the nine-month period ending September 26, 2004. The remaining improvement in cost of sales not explained by the year-over-year impact of BIBP consolidation resulted principally from increases in restaurant pricing, partially offset by increases in commodities (principally cheese).
Salaries and benefits were 2.0% and 1.2% lower as a percentage of sales in 2005, due to staffing efficiencies and the benefit of pricing increases.
Advertising and related costs as a percentage of sales were 0.4% lower in the third quarter of 2005 and 0.2% lower for the nine-months ended September 25, 2005, as compared to the corresponding 2004 periods, reflecting leverage from increased sales.
Occupancy and other operating costs, on a combined basis, as a percentage of sales were 0.3% and 0.4% lower in 2005, reflecting the leverage from increased sales.
Domestic commissary and other margin was 8.3% and 8.8% for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, respectively, compared to 8.0% and 7.7% for the same periods in 2004. Cost of sales was 74.0% of revenues for the three months ended September 25, 2005, compared to 71.6% for the same period in 2004, and 73.0% for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to 71.8% for the same period in 2004. These increases are primarily due to higher cheese costs incurred by the commissaries (cheese has a fixed-dollar as opposed to fixed-percentage mark-up). Salaries and benefits as a percentage of sales were 6.8% for the three months ended September 25, 2005 compared to 6.9% for the same period in 2004, and 6.6% for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to 6.8% for the same period in 2004. Other operating expenses decreased to 10.9% and 11.6% of sales for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to 13.5% and 13.7% for the same periods in 2004, primarily as a result of a decrease in claims loss reserves increases related to the franchise insurance program recorded in the third quarter of 2005 as compared to 2004 and the leverage from increased commissary sales.
The Company recorded income from the franchise cheese-purchasing program, net of minority interest, of $2.6 million for the three months ended September 25, 2005 compared to a $211,000 loss for the comparable period in 2004. For the nine months ended September 25, 2005, the Company recorded a gain of $1.8 million compared to a loss of $14.6 million for the comparable period in 2004. These results represent the portion of BIBPs operating (income) loss related to the proportion of BIBP cheese sales to franchisees. The total impact of the consolidation of BIBP on Papa Johns pre-tax income was gains of $3.0 million and $1.3 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 25, 2005, and losses of $500,000 and $20.5 million for the comparable periods in 2004 (see Company-owned restaurant cost of sales and net interest for other components of total BIBP impact).
International operating margin decreased to 12.3% and 15.1% for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005, from 16.2% and 16.8% for the same periods in 2004 primarily due to the loss of leverage from lower U.K. commissary sales.
General and administrative expenses were $23.5 million, or 10.0% of revenues, for the three months ended September 25, 2005, compared to $18.2 million or 8.0% of revenues for the same period in 2004, and $67.6 million, or 9.2% of revenues, for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to $54.3 million, or 7.8% of revenues, for the same period in 2004. The increases for the three- and nine-month periods in 2005 are primarily attributable to the previously mentioned increases in unallocated corporate expenses, including bonuses paid to corporate and restaurant management, stock compensation expenses, employee benefits costs and professional fees.
Other general expenses were $609,000 for the three months ended September 25, 2005, compared to $264,000 for the comparable period in 2004, and $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to net expense of $2.1 million for the same period in 2004. The increase in Other general expenses for the three months ended September 25, 2005, as compared to the corresponding period in 2004, is due to an increase in the provision for uncollectible accounts receivable and the fact that the 2004 third quarter included a gain of $280,000 from the sale of 49% interest in 71 restaurants as part of the formation of the joint venture operating the Texas Company-owned restaurants. The $1.9 million increase for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, as compared to the corresponding 2004 period, is primarily due to $925,000 of costs incurred in the first quarter of 2005 with the closing of the Jackson commissary and the fact that the 2004 Other operating expense total included the previously mentioned $280,000 gain on the sale of the 71 restaurants and a $550,000 gain on the sale of unused property.
Depreciation and amortization was $7.3 million (3.1% of revenues) for the three months ended September 25, 2005 compared to $7.8 million (3.4% of revenues) for the comparable period in 2004 and $21.9 million (3.0% of revenues) for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to $23.2 million (3.3% of revenues) for the same period in 2004.
Net interest. Net interest expense was $485,000 in the third quarter of 2005, compared to $1.3 million in 2004, and $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 25, 2005, compared to $3.3 million for the comparable period in 2004. The interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005 includes approximately $370,000 and $983,000 related to BIBPs debt with a third-party bank. The decline in 2005 net interest expense reflects the decline in our average outstanding debt balance.
Income Tax Expense. The effective income tax rate was 37.0% for the three and nine months ended September 25, 2005 as compared to 37.5% for the corresponding periods in 2004. The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily related to an increase in FICA tax credits associated with an increase in the employer portion of FICA taxes paid on employee tips, which is reported in general and administrative expenses. The lower effective income tax rate is expected to continue for the remainder of 2005.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our debt is comprised of the following:
Sept. 25,
Dec. 26,
2005
2004
The $36.0 million outstanding balance under the line of credit is classified as a current liability as of September 25, 2005 since the line of credit expires in January 2006. We do not anticipate any problems in renewing or replacing the line of credit.
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The revolving line of credit allows us to borrow up to $175.0 million with an expiration date in January 2006. Outstanding balances accrue interest at 62.5 to 100.0 basis points over the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or other bank developed rates at our option. The commitment fee on the unused balance ranges from 15.0 to 20.0 basis points. The increment over LIBOR and the commitment fee are determined quarterly based upon the ratio of total indebtedness to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA).
Cash flow from operations increased to $63.3 million in the first nine months of 2005 from $21.3 million for the comparable period in 2004. The consolidation of BIBP increased cash flow from operations by approximately $1.3 million in 2005 and reduced cash flow from operations by approximately $20.5 million in 2004. The primary reasons for the $20.2 million increase in cash flow from operations in the first nine months of 2005 (prior to BIBP consolidation) were the above-noted increases in operating income, net of income taxes, favorable working capital changes and the tax benefit related to the exercise of non-qualified stock options.
We require capital primarily for the development, acquisition, renovation and maintenance of restaurants, the development, renovation and maintenance of commissary and print and promotions facilities and equipment and the enhancement of corporate systems and facilities. Additionally, we began a common stock repurchase program in December 1999. During the nine months ended September 25, 2005, common stock repurchases of $36.8 million, net debt repayments of $43.8 million and capital expenditures of $10.0 million were funded primarily by cash flow from operations, proceeds from stock option exercises, net loan repayments from franchisees and affiliates and available cash and cash equivalents.
Our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to an aggregate of $500.0 million of our common stock through December 25, 2005. At September 25, 2005, a total of 16.6 million shares have been repurchased for $457.4 million at an average price of $27.55 per share since the repurchase program started in 1999. Subsequent to September 25, 2005, through October 23, 2005, we repurchased an additional 404,000 shares at an aggregate cost of $20.4 million (an average price of $50.41 per share).
We expect to fund planned capital expenditures and additional discretionary repurchases of our common stock, if any, for the remainder of 2005 from operating cash flows and the $114.0 million remaining availability under our line of credit, reduced for certain outstanding letters of credit. Our debt, which is primarily due to the share repurchase program, was $48.8 million (including $12.8 million associated with BIBP) at September 25, 2005, compared to $94.2 million (including $15.7 million associated with BIBP and other consolidated VIEs) at December 26, 2004.
On September 26, 2005, Star Papa, our 51% owned joint venture operating Papa Johns restaurants in Texas, completed the acquisition of six independently-owned franchised Papa Johns restaurants located in the Austin, Texas area. The purchase price was $2.3 million. In addition, the Company also purchased seven Papa Johns franchise restaurants located in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area at the beginning of the fourth quarter for $1.5 million and the forgiveness of accounts receivable approximating $500,000. We plan to consolidate additional franchise units in the Philadelphia market as the opportunity arises and expect to build approximately 20 Company-owned units over the next four to five years in order to more quickly achieve greater market penetration and awareness. If successful, this buy and build approach may be used in additional under-penetrated domestic markets over time to enhance overall net unit growth and market development.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain information contained in this quarterly report, particularly information regarding future financial performance and plans and objectives of management, is forward-looking. Certain factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to the uncertainties associated with litigation; increases in advertising, promotions and discounting by competitors, which may adversely affect sales; new product and concept developments by food industry competitors; the ability of the Company and its franchisees to open new restaurants and operate new and existing restaurants profitably; increases in or sustained high levels of food, labor, utilities, fuel, employee compensation and benefits, insurance and similar costs; the ability to obtain ingredients from alternative suppliers if needed; health- or disease-related disruptions or consumer concerns about
19
commodities supplies; economic, political and health conditions in the countries in which the Company or its franchisees operate; the selection and availability of suitable restaurant locations; negotiation of suitable lease or financing terms; constraints on permitting and construction of restaurants; higher-than-anticipated construction costs; hiring, training and retention of management and other personnel; changes in consumer taste, demographic trends, traffic patterns and the type, number and location of competing restaurants; federal and state laws governing such matters as wages, working conditions, citizenship requirements and overtime; and labor shortages in various markets resulting in higher required wage rates. The above factors might be especially harmful to the financial viability of franchises in under-penetrated or emerging markets, leading to greater unit closings than anticipated. Increases in projected claims losses for the Companys self-insured coverage or within the captive franchise insurance program could have a significant impact on our operating results. Our international operations are subject to additional factors, including currency regulations and fluctuations; differing cultures and consumer preferences; diverse government regulations and structures; ability to source high-quality ingredients and other commodities in a cost-effective manner; and differing interpretation of the obligations established in franchise agreements with international franchisees. See Part I. Item 1. Business Section Forward-Looking Statements of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2004 for additional factors.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our debt at September 25, 2005 was principally comprised of a $36.0 million outstanding principal balance on the $175.0 million unsecured revolving line of credit. The interest rate on the revolving line of credit is variable and is based on LIBOR plus a 62.5 to 100.0 basis point spread, tiered based upon debt and cash flow levels. In November 2001, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement that provides for a fixed rate of 5.31%, as compared to LIBOR, on $100.0 million of floating rate debt from March 2003 to March 2004, reducing to a notional value of $80.0 million from March 2004 to March 2005, and reducing to a notional value of $60.0 million in March 2005 with an expiration date of March 2006.
The effective interest rate on the line of credit, including the impact of the interest rate swap agreement, was 5.93% as of September 25, 2005. An increase in the present interest rate of 100 basis points on the line of credit balance outstanding as of September 25, 2005, as mitigated by the interest rate swap based on present interest rates, would have no impact on interest expense since the debt balance is less than the $60.0 million notional amount. The annual impact of a 100-basis-point increase in interest rates on the debt associated with VIEs would be $127,500.
Substantially all of our business is transacted in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, foreign exchange rate fluctuations do not have a significant impact on our operating results.
Cheese costs, historically representing 35% to 40% of our total food cost, are subject to seasonal fluctuations, weather, availability, demand and other factors that are beyond our control. As previously discussed in Results of Operations and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, we have a purchasing arrangement with a third-party entity, BIBP, formed at the direction of our Franchise Advisory Council for the sole purpose of reducing cheese price volatility to domestic system-wide restaurants. Under this arrangement, domestic Company-owned and franchised restaurants are able to purchase cheese at a fixed price per pound throughout a given quarter, based in part on historical average cheese prices. Gains and losses incurred by BIBP are used as a factor in determining adjustments to the selling price to restaurants over time. Accordingly, for any given quarter, the price paid by the domestic Company-owned and franchised restaurants may be less than or greater than the prevailing average market price.
As a result of the adoption of FIN 46, Papa Johns began consolidating the operating results of BIBP in 2004. Consolidation accounting requires the portion of BIBP operating income (loss) related to domestic Company-owned restaurants to be reflected as a reduction (increase) in the Domestic Company-owned restaurant expenses cost of sales line item, thus reflecting the actual market price of cheese had the purchasing arrangement not existed. The consolidation of BIBP had a significant impact on first nine months of 2005 and full-year 2004 operating results and is expected to have a significant impact on future operating results depending on the prevailing spot block market price of cheese as compared to the price charged to domestic restaurants. Over time, we expect BIBP to achieve break-even financial results.
The following table presents the actual average block price for cheese and the BIBP block price by quarter as projected through 2006 (based on the October 26, 2005 Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) milk futures market prices) and actual prices in 2004 and the first three quarters of 2005:
2006
Actual
Block Price
Quarter 1
1.548
*
1.420
1.520
1.539
1.220
1.426
Quarter 2
1.476
1.401
1.550
1.515
1.326
2.012
Quarter 3
1.564
1.481
1.677
1.485
1.556
1.528
Quarter 4
1.497
1.427
1.625
1.505
1.535
1.617
Full Year
1.521
1.432
1.593
1.511
1.409
1.646
*amounts are estimates based on futures prices
Based on the above-noted CME milk futures market prices, and the actual fourth-quarter 2005 and projected 2006 cheese costs to restaurants as determined by the BIBP pricing formula, the consolidation of BIBP is projected to increase (decrease) our operating income as follows (in thousands):
Increase /
(decrease)
Quarter 1 - 2005
(1,595
Quarter 2 - 2005
(185
Quarter 3 - 2005
Quarter 4 - 2005
3,304
Full Year - 2005
4,568
Quarter 1 - 2006
3,537
Quarter 2 - 2006
1,936
Quarter 3 - 2006
1,940
Quarter 4 - 2006
1,916
Full Year - 2006
9,329
*The projections above are based upon current futures market prices. Historically, actual results have been subject to large fluctuations and have differed significantly from previous projections using the futures market prices.
Over the long-term, due to the BIBP pricing formula, we expect to purchase cheese at a price approximating the actual average market price and therefore we do not generally make use of financial instruments to hedge commodity prices.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (1934 Act)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon their evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring all required information relating to the Company is included in this quarterly report.
We also maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the 1934 Act) designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. During our most recent fiscal quarter, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
During the third quarter of 2005, we implemented a new Enterprise Resource Planning System. We believe that effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained during and after the implementation.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are subject to claims and legal actions in the ordinary course of our business. We believe that all such claims and actions currently pending against us are either adequately covered by insurance or would not have a material adverse effect on us if decided in a manner unfavorable to us.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The Papa Johns Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $500.0 million of common stock under a share repurchase program that began December 9, 1999, and runs through December 25, 2005. Through September 25, 2005, a total of 16.6 million shares with an aggregate cost of $457.4 million and an average price of $27.55 per share have been repurchased under this program and placed in treasury. The following table summarizes our repurchases by fiscal period during 2005 (in thousands, except per-share amounts):
Total Number of
Maximum Dollar
Average
Shares Purchased
Value of Shares
Number
Price
as Part of Publicly
that May Yet Be
of Shares
Paid per
Announced Plans
Purchased Under the
Fiscal Period
Purchased
Share
or Programs
Plans or Programs
12/27/2004 - 01/23/2005
131
34.38
15,848
74,940
01/24/2005 - 02/20/2005
109
34.52
15,957
71,178
02/21/2005 - 03/27/2005
163
34.74
16,120
65,528
03/28/2005 - 04/24/2005
04/25/2005 - 05/22/2005
05/23/2005 - 06/26/2005
06/27/2005 - 07/24/2005
07/25/2005 - 08/21/2005
08/22/2005 - 09/25/2005
481
47.62
16,601
42,636
*There were no share repurchases during these periods.
On August 11, 2005, our share repurchase authorization was increased from $450.0 million to $500.0 million. For presentation purposes, the maximum dollar value of shares that may be purchased was adjusted retroactively to December 27, 2004.
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Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit
Description
10.1
Amended and Restated Assets Purchase Agreement dated September 26, 2005 between Papa Johns International, Inc. and PJCOMN Acquisition Corporation.
31.1
Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a -15(e)
31.2
Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a -15(e)
32.1
Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.1
Cautionary Statements. Exhibit 99.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2004 (Commission File No. 0-21660) is incorporated herein by reference.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
(Registrant)
Date: November 1, 2005
/s/ J. David Flanery
J. David Flanery
Senior Vice President and Chief FinancialOfficer
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