Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______to________
Commission file number 0-22208
QCR HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
42-1397595
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
3551 7th Street, Moline, Illinois 61265
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(309) 736-3580
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value
QCRH
The Nasdaq Global Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☒
Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date: As of August 1, 2025, the Registrant had outstanding 16,941,967 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share.
QCR HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PageNumber(s)
Part I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1
Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheets As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
4
Consolidated Statements of Income For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
5
Consolidated Statements of Income For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
6
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
7
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
8
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
9
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
10
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 2. Investment Securities
12
Note 3. Loans/Leases Receivable
16
Note 4. Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities
25
Note 5. Derivatives and Hedging Activities
Note 6. Income Taxes
29
Note 7. Earnings Per Share
30
Note 8. Fair Value
Note 9. Business Segment Information
33
Note 10. Regulatory Capital Requirements
35
Note 11. Commitments
36
Note 12. Subsequent Events
Item 2
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Introduction
37
General
Critical Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates
Executive Overview
Strategic Financial Metrics
39
Strategic Developments
40
GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations
41
Net Interest Income - (Tax Equivalent Basis)
43
Results of Operations
47
Interest Income
Interest Expense
48
2
Provision for Credit Losses
Noninterest Income
49
Noninterest Expense
52
Income Taxes
54
Financial Condition
Investment Securities
55
Loans/Leases
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans/Leases and OBS Exposures
57
Nonperforming Assets
59
Deposits
60
Borrowings
61
Stockholders' Equity
62
Liquidity and Capital Resources
63
Special Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
64
Item 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
67
Item 4
Controls and Procedures
69
Part II
OTHER INFORMATION
Legal Proceedings
70
Item 1A
Risk Factors
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5
Other Information
Item 6
Exhibits
71
Signatures
Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we use certain acronyms and abbreviations, as defined in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
June 30,
December 31,
2025
2024
(dollars in thousands)
Assets
Cash and due from banks
$
104,769
91,732
Federal funds sold
27,000
27,150
Interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions
118,704
143,442
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses
909,035
835,797
Securities available for sale, at fair value
271,517
281,109
Securities trading, at fair value
82,900
83,529
Total securities
1,263,452
1,200,435
Loans receivable held for sale
1,162
2,143
Loans/leases receivable held for investment
6,923,762
6,782,261
Gross loans/leases receivable
6,924,924
6,784,404
Less allowance for credit losses
(88,732)
(89,841)
Net loans/leases receivable
6,836,192
6,694,563
Bank-owned life insurance
111,097
109,575
Premises and equipment, net
181,773
159,153
Restricted investment securities
32,891
35,412
Other real estate owned, net
661
Goodwill
138,595
Intangibles
9,738
11,061
Derivatives
184,982
186,781
Other assets
233,076
227,470
Total assets
9,242,331
9,026,030
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing
952,032
921,160
Interest-bearing
6,366,321
6,140,027
Total deposits
7,318,353
7,061,187
Short-term borrowings
1,350
1,800
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
225,383
285,383
Subordinated notes
233,701
233,489
Junior subordinated debentures
48,925
48,860
209,505
214,823
Other liabilities
154,560
183,101
Total liabilities
8,191,777
8,028,643
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, $1 par value; shares authorized 250,000 June 2025 and December 2024 - no shares issued or outstanding
—
Common stock, $1 par value; shares authorized 20,000,000 June 2025 - 16,934,698 shares issued and outstanding December 2024 - 16,882,045 shares issued and outstanding
16,935
16,882
Additional paid-in capital
376,571
374,975
Retained earnings
717,956
665,171
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Securities available for sale
(43,919)
(37,965)
(16,989)
(21,676)
Total stockholders' equity
1,050,554
997,387
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Interest and dividend income:
Loans/leases, including fees:
Taxable
75,122
79,743
Nontaxable
27,747
26,051
Securities:
4,805
4,285
10,158
7,476
1,634
1,139
622
869
159
183
Total interest and dividend income
120,247
119,746
Interest expense:
51,013
53,053
15
21
2,853
6,239
3,599
3,582
685
688
Total interest expense
58,165
63,583
Net interest income
62,082
56,163
Provision for credit losses
4,043
5,496
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
58,039
50,667
Noninterest income:
Trust fees
3,395
3,103
Investment advisory and management fees
1,254
1,214
Deposit service fees
2,187
1,986
Gains on sales of residential real estate loans, net
556
540
Gains on sales of government guaranteed portions of loans, net
Capital markets revenue
9,869
17,758
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance
998
2,964
Debit card fees
1,648
1,571
Correspondent banking fees
699
510
Loan related fee income
1,096
962
Fair value gain on derivatives and trading securities
230
51
Other
143
218
Total noninterest income
22,115
30,889
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits
28,474
31,079
Occupancy and equipment expense
6,837
6,377
Professional and data processing fees
6,089
4,823
FDIC insurance, other insurance and regulatory fees
1,960
1,854
Loan/lease expense
407
151
Net cost of and losses on operations of other real estate
50
28
Advertising and marketing
1,746
1,565
Communication and data connectivity
274
318
Supplies
252
259
Bank service charges
720
Correspondent banking expense
314
363
Intangibles amortization
690
Payment card processing
547
706
Trust expense
413
379
839
674
Total noninterest expense
49,583
49,888
Net income before income taxes
30,571
31,668
Federal and state income tax expense
1,552
2,554
Net income
29,019
29,114
Basic earnings per common share
1.71
1.73
Diluted earnings per common share
1.72
Weighted average common shares outstanding
16,928,542
16,814,814
Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding
17,006,282
16,921,854
Cash dividends declared per common share
0.06
Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
149,210
156,874
54,095
50,179
9,393
8,546
19,370
14,862
3,438
2,339
1,156
1,543
258
452
236,920
234,795
101,400
104,469
44
4,849
10,977
7,201
7,062
1,369
1,381
114,852
123,933
122,068
110,862
8,277
8,465
113,791
102,397
7,081
6,302
2,508
2,315
4,370
4,008
853
922
101
16,385
34,215
1,522
3,832
3,136
3,037
1,313
1,022
1,994
1,798
Fair value loss on derivatives and trading securities
(777)
(112)
521
372
39,007
57,747
55,838
62,939
13,292
12,891
11,233
9,436
3,930
3,799
788
529
Net cost of (income from) and losses/(gains) on operations of other real estate
(2)
3,359
3,048
564
719
459
534
1,316
1,190
643
668
1,322
1,380
1,141
1,352
770
804
1,426
1,291
96,122
100,578
56,676
59,566
1,860
3,726
54,816
55,840
3.24
3.32
3.22
3.30
16,914,663
16,799,081
17,010,136
16,916,264
0.12
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
Three Months Ended June 30,
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized losses on securities available for sale:
Unrealized holding losses arising during the period before tax
(4,596)
(345)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period before tax
2,409
(270)
Less: reclassification adjustment for caplet amortization before tax
(125)
(145)
Other comprehensive loss, before tax
(2,187)
(490)
Tax benefit
(516)
(122)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
(1,671)
(368)
Comprehensive income
27,348
28,746
Six Months Ended June 30,
(7,897)
(3,592)
Less reclassification adjustment for impairment losses included in net income before tax
445
(4,037)
6,277
(3,874)
Less reclassification adjustment for caplet amortization before tax
(246)
(3,628)
(1,620)
(7,665)
(353)
(1,924)
(1,267)
(5,741)
53,549
50,099
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
Accumulated
Additional
Common
Paid-In
Retained
Comprehensive
Stock
Capital
Earnings
(Loss)
Total
Balance December 31, 2024
(59,641)
25,797
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
404
Common cash dividends declared, $0.06 per share
(1,015)
Stock-based compensation expense
1,299
Issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans
38
(1,163)
(1,125)
Balance, March 31, 2025
16,920
375,111
689,953
(59,237)
1,022,747
(1,016)
838
Balance, June 30, 2025
(60,908)
Balance December 31, 2023
16,749
370,814
554,992
(55,959)
886,596
26,726
(5,373)
(1,008)
941
58
(598)
(540)
Balance, March 31, 2024
16,807
371,157
580,710
(61,332)
907,342
696
18
525
543
Balance, June 30, 2024
16,825
372,378
608,816
(61,700)
936,319
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation
4,515
4,522
1,921
1,637
Deferred compensation expense accrued
2,982
3,113
Gains on other real estate owned, net
(31)
(173)
Amortization of premiums on securities, net
400
346
Caplet amortization
246
776
112
Ineffectiveness on fair value hedges
1
Loans originated for sale
(39,310)
(40,768)
Proceeds on sales of loans
41,245
41,389
Gains on sales of residential real estate loans
(853)
(922)
Gains on sales of government guaranteed portions of loans
(101)
(36)
Gains on sales and disposals of premises and equipment
Amortization of intangibles
Accretion of acquisition fair value adjustments, net
(268)
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance
(1,522)
(1,600)
Gain on bank-owned life insurance death benefits
(2,232)
Increase in other assets
(5,328)
(12,861)
Decrease in other liabilities
(30,181)
(29,102)
Net cash provided by provided by operating activities
38,676
29,087
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net decrease in federal funds sold
150
27,300
Net decrease in interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions
24,738
10,807
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned
740
1,151
Activity in securities portfolio:
Purchases
(119,930)
(65,755)
Calls, maturities and redemptions
31,081
25,607
Paydowns
17,535
8,347
Sales
Activity in restricted investment securities:
(64)
(6,948)
Redemptions
2,585
4,271
Proceeds from the liquidation of bank-owned life insurance
4,085
Net increase in loans/leases originated and held for investment
(149,755)
(319,789)
Purchase of premises and equipment
(27,135)
(22,314)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment
Net cash used in investing activities
(220,055)
(332,791)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in deposit accounts
257,166
250,663
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings
(450)
100
Activity in Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
Net change in short-term and overnight advances
(60,000)
50,000
Payment of cash dividends on common stock
(2,028)
(2,012)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
(272)
Net cash provided by financing activities
194,416
298,754
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks
13,037
(4,950)
Cash and due from banks, beginning
97,123
Cash and due from banks, ending
92,173
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information, cash payments for:
Interest
116,887
123,467
Income/franchise taxes
249
3,066
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing activities:
Change in fair value of fair value hedges
(2,058)
Transfers of loans to other real estate owned
110
Transfer of loans to held for sale for securitizations in preparation
243,193
Increase (decrease) in the fair value of back-to-back interest rate swap assets and liabilities
(60)
5,570
Dividends payable
1,016
1,008
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
June 30, 2025
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation: The interim unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025. Accordingly, footnote disclosures, which would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, have been omitted.
The financial information of the Company included herein has been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting and has been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Such information reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. Any differences appearing between the numbers presented in financial statements and management's discussion and analysis are due to rounding. The results of the interim period ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2025, or for any other period.
The acronyms and abbreviations identified below are used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. It may be helpful to refer back to this page as you read this report.
ACL: Allowance for credit losses
FTEs: Full-time equivalents
AFS: Available for sale
GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Allowance: Allowance for credit losses
GB: Guaranty Bank
AOCI: Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
GFED: Guaranty Federal Bancshares, Inc.
ASC: Accounting Standards Codification
HTM: Held to maturity
ASU: Accounting Standards Update
ICS: Insured Cash Sweep
BOLI: Bank-owned life insurance
LIHTC: Low-income housing tax credit
Caps: Interest rate cap derivatives
m2: m2 Equipment Finance, LLC
CDARS: Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service
NIM: Net interest margin
CECL: Current Expected Credit Losses
NPA: Nonperforming asset
Community National: Community National Bancorporation
NPL: Nonperforming loan
Company: QCR Holdings, Inc.
OBS: Off-balance sheet
CRBT: Cedar Rapids Bank & Trust Company
OREO: Other real estate owned
CRE: Commercial real estate
PCAOB: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
CSB: Community State Bank
Provision: Provision for credit losses
C&I: Commercial and industrial
QCBT: Quad City Bank & Trust Company
EBA: Excess balance account
ROAA: Return on average assets
EPS: Earnings per share
ROAE: Return on average equity
Exchange Act: Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission
amended
SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board
SPE: Special purpose entity
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Swaption: Swap option
Federal Reserve: Board of Governors of the Federal
TA: Tangible assets
Reserve System
TCE: Tangible common equity
FHLB: Federal Home Loan Bank
TEY: Tax equivalent yield
FRB: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
VIE: Variable interest entities
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries which include the accounts of four commercial banks: QCBT, CRBT, CSB and GB. All four banks are state-chartered commercial banks and all are members of the Federal Reserve system. The Company also engages in direct financing lease contracts through m2, a wholly owned subsidiary of QCBT. Additionally, the Company also engages in wealth management services through its banking subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Recent accounting developments:
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. Investors, lenders, creditors and other allocators of capital information will be able to use the expanded disclosures to better assess how an entity’s operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operation opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance improves GAAP by adding an illustrative example to demonstrate how an entity should apply the scope guidance of “Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation” for profits interest and similar awards. The illustrative examples will benefit investors and other allocators of capital by providing them with more consistent information. The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within those annual periods. The standard was adopted on January 1, 2025 and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance improves disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses, and provides more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
11
NOTE 2– INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are summarized as follows:
Allowance
Gross
Amortized
for Credit
Unrealized
Fair
Cost
(Losses)
Gains
Value
June 30, 2025:
Securities HTM:
Municipal securities
879,663
(254)
11,203
(120,662)
769,950
Corporate securities
28,585
(8)
3,991
32,568
Other securities
1,050
(1)
1,047
909,298
(263)
15,194
(120,664)
803,565
Securities AFS:
U.S. treasuries and govt. sponsored agency securities
16,268
(2,004)
14,267
Residential mortgage-backed and related securities
63,364
(4,506)
58,864
204,038
(50,059)
153,979
Asset-backed securities
6,599
85
6,684
39,373
(1,683)
37,723
329,642
127
(58,252)
December 31, 2024:
806,992
23,292
(63,164)
766,866
28,018
4,665
32,675
(7)
1,042
836,060
27,957
(63,171)
800,583
23,113
(2,529)
20,591
55,641
(5,602)
50,042
204,664
(40,089)
164,575
9,053
171
9,224
38,866
(2,193)
36,677
331,337
185
(50,413)
The Company's HTM municipal securities consist largely of private issues of municipal debt. The large majority of the municipalities are located within the Midwest. The municipal debt investments are underwritten using specific guidelines with ongoing monitoring.
The Company's residential mortgage-backed and related securities portfolio consists entirely of government sponsored or government guaranteed securities. The Company has not invested in private mortgage-backed securities or pooled trust preferred securities.
Gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, are summarized in the tables below. Securities AFS, for which an allowance for credit losses has been provided, are not included in these disclosures as there are no unrealized losses remaining after consideration of the ACL.
Less than 12 Months
12 Months or More
Losses
276,990
(48,221)
279,489
(72,441)
556,479
500
548
1,048
277,490
(48,222)
280,037
(72,442)
557,527
13,643
(2,003)
13,705
13,977
(152)
35,931
(4,354)
49,908
1,400
(44)
152,579
(50,015)
31,503
15,439
(197)
233,656
(58,055)
249,095
162,914
(14,382)
253,818
(48,782)
416,732
1,043
163,414
254,361
(48,789)
417,775
U.S. govt. sponsored agency securities
6,522
13,369
(2,527)
19,891
1,337
(24)
48,520
(5,578)
49,857
798
(6)
163,777
(40,083)
35,712
8,657
(32)
261,378
(50,381)
270,035
On June 30, 2025, the investment portfolio included 677 securities. Of this number, 574 securities were in an unrealized loss position. The aggregate losses of these securities totaled approximately 15.01% of the total amortized cost of the portfolio. Of these 574 securities, there were 464 securities that were in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. Management has concluded unrealized losses as of June 30, 2025 were temporary due to the changing interest rate environment.
During 2023, the Company’s impairment evaluation determined that one publicly traded debt security experienced a decline in fair value due to credit quality, rather than market factors. As a result, the Company recognized a credit loss expense of $989 thousand in the first quarter of 2023 and established an ACL on the related AFS security. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, the remaining ACL on the related AFS security was removed as the security had been sold.
13
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for held to maturity and available for sale securities by major security type for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2024
Securities HTM
Securities AFS
Municipal
Corporate
securities
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance
254
263
202
203
Provision
Balance, ending
Six Months Ended
989
Reduction due to sales
(544)
Provision for credit loss expense
(445)
Trading securities had a fair value of $82.9 million as of June 30, 2025 and $83.5 million as of December 31, 2024 and consist of retained beneficial interests acquired in conjunction with Freddie Mac securitizations completed by the Company in 2023 and 2024. The change in fair value on trading securities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was a net loss of $77 thousand. The change in market value on trading securities for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was a net gain of $253 thousand. See also Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these securitizations.
There were no transfers of securities between classifications during both the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
There were no sales of securities during both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. There were no sales of securities during the three months ended June 30, 2024. There was one security sold during the six months ended June 30, 2024 which was identified as AFS. Information on proceeds received, as well as the gains and losses from the sale of securities, are as follows:
Proceeds from sales of securities
Gross gains from sales of securities
Gross losses from sales of securities
14
The amortized cost and fair value of securities as of June 30, 2025 by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities of residential mortgage-backed and related securities and asset-backed securities may differ from contractual maturities because the residential mortgages underlying the securities may be prepaid without any penalties. Therefore, these securities are not included in the maturity categories in the following table:
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
359
357
Due after one year through five years
28,143
26,320
Due after five years
880,796
776,888
21,598
20,870
238,081
185,099
259,679
205,969
Portions of the U.S. government sponsored agency securities and municipal securities contain call options, which, at the discretion of the issuer, terminate the security at par and at predetermined dates prior to the stated maturity, summarized as follows as of June 30, 2025:
254,089
244,000
32,567
282,674
276,567
203,893
153,844
35,408
33,739
239,301
187,583
As of June 30, 2025, the Company's municipal securities portfolios were comprised of general obligation bonds issued by 81 issuers with fair values totaling $104.1 million and revenue bonds, issued by 163 issuers, primarily consisting of states, counties, towns, villages and school districts with fair values totaling $819.0 million. The Company also held investments in general obligation bonds in 18 states, including 10 states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million, and in revenue bonds in 31 states, including 14 states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company's municipal securities portfolios were comprised of general obligation bonds issued by 79 issuers with fair values totaling $103.5 million and revenue bonds, issued by 165 issuers, primarily consisting of states, counties, towns, villages and school districts with fair values totaling $828.0 million. The Company held investments in general obligation bonds in 18 states, including nine states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million, and in revenue bonds in 31 states, including 13 states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million.
The Company monitors the investments and concentration closely. Both general obligation and revenue bonds are diversified across many issuers. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not hold general obligation bonds of any single issuer, that in aggregate exceed 10% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity. Of the general obligation and revenue bonds in the Company's portfolio, the majority are unrated bonds that represent small, private issuances. All unrated bonds were underwritten according to the Company’s loan underwriting standards and have an average loan risk rating of 2, indicating very high quality. Additionally, many of these bonds are funding essential municipal services such as water, sewer, education, and medical facilities.
The Company's municipal securities are owned by the four charters, whose investment policies set forth limits for various subcategories within the municipal securities portfolio. The investments of each charter are monitored individually, and as of June 30, 2025, all were within policy limitations approved by the Company’s board of directors. Policy limits are calculated as a percentage of each charter's total risk-based capital.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company's standard monitoring of its municipal securities portfolio had not uncovered any facts or circumstances resulting in significantly different credit ratings than those assigned by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or in the case of unrated bonds, the rating assigned using the credit underwriting standards.
NOTE 3 – LOANS/LEASES RECEIVABLE
The composition of the loan/lease portfolio as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented as follows:
December 31, 2024
C&I:
C&I - revolving
380,029
387,991
C&I - other *
1,375,689
1,514,932
1,755,718
1,902,923
CRE - owner occupied
593,675
605,993
CRE - non-owner occupied
1,036,049
1,077,852
Construction and land development
1,529,022
1,313,543
Multi-family
1,251,763
1,132,110
Direct financing leases**
12,880
17,076
1-4 family real estate***
592,253
588,179
Consumer
153,564
146,728
Allowance for credit losses
** Direct financing leases:
Net minimum lease payments to be received
13,808
18,506
Estimated unguaranteed residual values of leased assets
165
Unearned lease/residual income
(1,093)
(1,595)
(423)
(580)
12,457
16,496
* Includes equipment financing agreements outstanding through m2, totaling $237.1 million and $303.2 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
** Management performs an evaluation of the estimated unguaranteed residual values of leased assets on an annual basis, at a minimum. The evaluation consists of discussions with reputable and current vendors, which is combined with management's expertise and understanding of the current states of particular industries to determine informal valuations of the equipment. As necessary and where available, management will utilize valuations by independent appraisers. The majority of leases with residual values contain a lease options rider, which requires the lessee to pay the residual value directly, finance the payment of the residual value, or extend the lease term to pay the residual value. In these cases, the residual value is protected and the risk of loss is minimal.
*** Includes residential real estate loans held for sale totaling $1.2 million and $2.1 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Accrued interest on loans, which is excluded from the amortized cost of loans, totaled $45.7 million and $46.1 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and was included in Other Assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
Changes in accretable discounts on acquired loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are presented as follows:
For the Three Months Ended
For the Six Months Ended
Performing
Loans
Balance at the beginning of the period
(2,115)
(3,539)
(2,310)
(3,891)
Accretion recognized
94
268
289
620
Balance at the end of the period
(2,021)
(3,271)
The aging of the loan/lease portfolio by classes of loans/leases as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented as follows:
As of June 30, 2025
Accruing Past
30-59 Days
60-89 Days
Due 90 Days or
Nonaccrual
Classes of Loans/Leases
Current
Past Due
More
377,355
2,674
C&I - other
1,337,518
9,445
2,690
26,029
591,853
248
1,523
1,033,200
2,749
1,524,904
4,118
1,249,430
2,333
Direct financing leases
12,394
342
142
1-4 family real estate
589,107
147
653
2,346
152,942
20
34
568
6,868,703
10,105
3,627
42,482
As a percentage of total loan/lease portfolio
99.19
%
0.15
0.05
0.00
0.61
100.00
As of December 31, 2024
C&I
387,767
194
1,474,729
13,159
2,931
24,111
604,550
173
454
816
1,074,541
3,226
1,300,893
4,188
8,454
16,622
135
579,943
4,910
539
80
2,707
146,172
235
313
6,717,327
18,660
4,067
4,270
40,080
99.01
0.28
0.59
NPLs by classes of loans/leases as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are presented as follows:
Percentage of
with an ACL
without an ACL
Total NPLs
23,983
2,046
26,036
1,031
492
2,019
327
39,617
2,865
42,489
17
193
-
20,849
3,262
24,113
2,686
12,642
2,366
341
2,787
27,482
12,598
44,350
The Company did not recognize any interest income on nonaccrual loans during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
Changes in the ACL on loans/leases by portfolio segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are presented as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
CRE
Construction
1-4
C&I -
Owner
Non-Owner
and Land
Multi-
Family
Revolving
Other*
Occupied
Development
Real Estate
Balance, beginning
3,952
31,845
7,141
16,760
12,968
5,095
1,532
90,354
(155)
3,972
(400)
1,161
574
(115)
75
4,667
Charge-offs
(6,470)
(30)
(6,490)
Recoveries
175
24
201
3,797
29,522
6,741
10,626
17,945
13,542
4,980
1,579
88,732
Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
Other**
3,856
34,002
7,147
11,137
15,099
12,173
4,934
1,493
89,841
(59)
6,071
(406)
(521)
2,763
72
121
9,410
(11,348)
(26)
(70)
(11,434)
797
83
915
* Included within the C&I – Other column are ACL on leases with a beginning balance of $485 thousand, negative provision of $33 thousand, charge-offs of $30 thousand and recoveries of $1 thousand. ACL on leases was $423 thousand as of June 30, 2025.
** Included within the C&I – Other column are ACL on leases with a beginning balance of $580 thousand, provision of $54 thousand, charge-offs of $221 thousand and recoveries of $10 thousand. ACL on leases was $423 thousand as of June 30, 2025.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
4,440
26,615
8,416
12,607
12,737
12,928
5,289
1,438
84,470
Change in ACL for writedown of LHFS to fair value
513
(15)
498
(741)
5,469
(363)
(231)
(1,196)
1,344
(66)
4,343
(1,681)
(21)
(49)
(1,751)
141
146
3,699
30,544
8,053
12,376
12,054
14,257
5,203
1,520
87,706
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
4,224
27,460
8,223
11,581
16,856
12,463
4,917
1,476
87,200
(2,879)
Provisions
(525)
7,696
(170)
795
(4,802)
4,673
309
103
8,079
(5,219)
(68)
(5,311)
607
617
* Included within the C&I – Other column are ACL on leases with a beginning balance of $884 thousand, provision of $106 thousand, no charge-offs and recoveries of $22 thousand. ACL on leases was $800 thousand as of June 30, 2024.
** Included within the C&I – Other column are ACL on leases with a beginning balance of $992 thousand, provision of $174 thousand, charge-offs of $89 thousand and recoveries of $71 thousand. ACL on leases was $800 thousand as of June 30, 2024.
The composition of the ACL on loans/leases by portfolio segment based on evaluation method are as follows:
Amortized Cost of Loans Receivable
Allowance for Credit Losses
Individually
Collectively
Evaluated for
Credit Losses
C&I :
7,239
372,790
3,624
C&I - other*
37,109
1,351,460
1,388,569
9,730
19,792
44,348
1,724,250
1,768,598
9,903
23,416
33,319
28,070
565,605
1,775
4,966
13,080
1,022,969
605
10,021
4,689
1,524,333
1,677
2,351
1,249,412
116
13,426
3,006
589,247
273
4,707
611
152,953
1,527
96,155
6,828,769
14,401
74,331
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $142 thousand with a related allowance for credit losses of $46 thousand and leases collectively evaluated of $12.7 million with a related allowance for credit losses of $377 thousand as of June 30, 2025.
19
3,404
384,587
97
3,759
38,140
1,493,868
1,532,008
9,437
24,565
41,544
1,878,455
1,919,999
9,534
28,324
37,858
26,822
579,171
2,136
5,011
18,163
1,059,689
542
10,595
13,346
1,300,197
1,343
13,756
23
1,132,087
12,171
3,463
584,716
321
4,613
443
146,285
45
1,448
103,804
6,680,600
13,923
75,918
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $259 thousand with a related allowance for credit losses of $93 thousand and leases collectively evaluated of $16.8 million with a related allowance for credit losses of $487 thousand as of December 31, 2024.
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, by the primary collateral type, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Non
Commercial
Owner-occupied
Owner-Occupied
Owner Occupied
Securities
Equipment
C & I:
8,834
4,760
11,464
12,051
16,073
28,024
46
2,833
598
20,293
3,477
12,064
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $142 thousand with primary collateral of equipment.
3,868
506
14,197
14,809
7,272
26,760
176
3,287
394
32,248
3,743
14,824
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $259 thousand with primary collateral of equipment.
For all loans except direct financing leases and equipment financing agreements, the Company’s credit quality indicator consists of internally assigned risk ratings. Each such loan is assigned a risk rating upon origination. The risk rating is reviewed every 15 months, at a minimum, and on an as-needed basis depending on the specific circumstances of the loan.
For certain C&I loans (including equipment financing agreements and direct financing leases), the Company’s credit quality indicator is performance determined by delinquency status. Delinquency status is updated daily by the Company’s loan system.
The following tables show the credit quality indicator of loans by class of receivable and year of origination as of June 30, 2025:
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Internally Assigned
Risk Rating
2023
2022
2021
Prior
Cost Basis
Pass
368,416
Special Mention
4,374
Substandard
Doubtful
Total C&I - revolving
164,962
199,240
309,314
175,454
68,494
181,683
1,099,147
2,225
4,836
745
1,717
2,782
625
12,930
4,219
13,312
881
4,775
26,475
Total C&I - other
171,406
217,388
310,657
178,052
73,966
187,083
1,138,552
49,226
54,430
90,828
93,212
92,847
143,912
10,507
534,962
438
16,477
8,062
7,850
2,017
34,844
1,619
488
17,395
23,869
Total CRE - owner occupied
51,283
57,692
107,421
101,762
101,686
163,324
116,524
175,639
162,016
232,033
147,754
151,314
25,608
1,010,888
4,199
1,018
3,154
2,437
1,273
12,081
9,334
79
2,664
447
Total CRE - non-owner occupied
130,057
176,736
164,680
235,187
150,747
153,034
117,815
515,470
601,234
187,653
64,585
296
35,624
1,522,677
1,863
73
1,936
198
93
4,409
Total Construction and land development
118,013
521,451
601,327
64,658
118,667
131,398
135,527
311,071
181,782
370,265
702
Total Multi-family
121,000
181,800
60,950
104,407
107,859
81,690
101,324
126,315
4,310
586,855
172
535
2,393
642
595
1,264
3,005
Total 1-4 family real estate
62,629
104,593
108,324
82,332
102,454
127,586
4,335
19,334
5,391
5,363
4,816
882
2,456
114,647
152,889
257
612
Total Consumer
5,620
4,852
2,479
115,006
673,722
1,214,649
1,433,556
1,100,909
676,193
1,004,067
571,811
6,674,907
Delinquency Status *
2,630
89,692
80,148
40,733
11,937
1,799
226,939
Nonperforming
1,735
3,641
3,320
1,431
10,198
91,427
83,789
44,053
13,368
1,870
237,137
217
791
5,820
4,664
960
286
12,738
Total Direct financing leases
5,890
4,722
973
287
2,847
92,218
89,679
48,775
14,341
2,157
250,017
* Performing = loans/leases accruing and less than 90 days past due. Nonperforming = loans/leases on nonaccrual and accruing loans/leases that are greater than or equal to 90 days past due.
The following table shows the gross charge-offs of loans and leases by class of receivable and year of origination for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025:
Gross Charge-off by Origination Year
2,010
2,064
435
6,440
3,367
2,671
3,728
751
11,127
(10)
136
221
26
2,023
2,094
6,490
3,519
2,767
3,791
106
11,434
22
The following tables show the credit quality indicator of loans by class of receivable and year of origination as of December 31, 2024:
2020
368,318
16,369
3,304
324,649
348,843
204,275
82,601
49,130
155,191
1,164,689
6,517
5,534
2,855
4,799
2,548
725
22,978
17,003
538
507
1,272
4,780
24,100
348,169
354,915
207,637
88,672
51,678
160,696
1,211,767
65,054
104,442
117,215
102,506
95,349
69,382
13,327
567,275
5,589
234
739
6,964
822
1,829
16,177
3,669
980
16,582
1,001
22,541
74,312
104,676
118,934
109,779
112,753
72,212
194,510
204,599
272,296
164,948
96,216
95,117
20,548
1,048,234
4,406
6,844
11,455
3,652
550
1,916
11,965
198,996
208,251
272,901
98,132
113,926
20,698
435,373
524,375
235,987
66,409
3,313
31,176
1,296,633
3,863
3,938
4,394
124
1,082
7,372
12,972
443,630
524,499
237,069
73,856
137,806
138,011
279,256
185,872
217,697
165,867
7,578
185,895
121,918
115,491
89,073
108,998
77,540
64,015
5,106
582,141
380
1,582
2,655
91
981
634
378
944
3,383
122,389
115,964
90,054
110,179
77,918
66,541
5,134
11,513
13,375
6,082
2,435
1,519
110,042
146,220
208
66
444
11,547
13,583
6,121
1,616
110,172
1,336,849
1,459,899
1,211,972
734,583
563,926
580,858
576,076
6,464,163
109,373
99,204
57,819
18,853
4,107
278
289,634
1,028
5,537
2,076
13,531
110,401
103,893
63,356
20,929
4,308
303,165
1,742
6,099
6,583
1,413
569
411
16,817
6,202
6,653
1,452
615
412
112,143
110,095
70,009
22,381
4,923
320,241
The following table shows the gross charge-offs of loans and leases by class of receivable and year of origination for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024:
206
826
570
1,681
884
2,859
1,092
5,130
42
89
68
228
848
581
1,751
906
2,910
1,127
169
192
5,311
There were no loan and lease modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. Any loan and lease modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during 2024 were deemed immaterial.
Changes in the ACL for OBS exposures for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are presented as follows:
7,764
9,207
8,273
9,529
Provisions (credited) to expense
(624)
1,153
(1,133)
831
7,140
10,360
NOTE 4 – SECURITIZATIONS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
In prior years, the Company completed four different Freddie Mac sponsored securitizations. The Company retained beneficial interests from each securitization which are classified as trading securities on the consolidated balance sheets. Details related to the securitizations and related VIEs can be found in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8 of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
At June 30, 2025, the Company determined it was not the primary beneficiary of the various VIEs involved in these securitizations primarily because the Company did not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIEs. Evaluation and assessment of VIEs for consolidation is performed on an ongoing basis by management. Any changes in facts and circumstances occurring since the previous primary beneficiary determination will be considered as part of this ongoing assessment.
The Company’s total assets related to the VIEs as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were $82.9 million and $83.5 million, respectively and there were no liabilities recorded. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss associated with these VIEs consists of the capital invested plus any unfunded equity commitments that are binding. As of June 30, 2025, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss related to the VIEs was $85.5 million.
NOTE 5 – DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Derivatives are summarized as follows as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Assets:
Hedged Derivatives
Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate swaps
852
1,905
Interest rate collars
Unhedged Derivatives
Interest rate caps
118
Swaptions
416
183,700
183,760
(23,056)
(30,623)
(356)
(105)
Fair Value Hedges
(2,393)
(335)
(183,700)
(183,760)
(209,505)
(214,823)
The Company uses interest rate swap, cap, collar and swaption instruments to manage interest rate risk related to the variability of interest payments due to changes in interest rates.
Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent that they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded as a component of AOCI. Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as fair value hedges, to the extent that they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded as a component of interest income/expense.
The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of rising rates on one of its variable rate subordinated notes and its variable rate trust preferred securities. All of the interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:
Balance Sheet
Notional
Fair Value as of
Hedged Item
Effective Date
Maturity Date
Location
Amount
Receive Rate
Pay Rate
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust V
7/7/2018
7/7/2028
Derivatives - Assets
10,000
6.61
4.54
427
Community National Statutory Trust III
9/15/2018
9/15/2028
3,500
6.33
4.75
86
197
Guaranty Bankshares Statutory Trust I
4,500
153
Community National Statutory Trust II
9/20/2018
9/20/2028
3,000
6.76
5.17
132
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust II
9/30/2018
9/30/2028
7.41
5.85
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust III
8,000
154
353
Guaranty Statutory Trust II
5/23/2019
2/23/2026
10,310
6.04
4.09
109
200
QCR Holdings Subordinated Note
3/1/2024
2/15/2028
Derivatives - Liabilities
65,000
4.36
4.02
(1,063)
(50)
114,310
(211)
1,855
The Company uses interest rate collars in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure on variable rate loans. The collar hedging strategy stabilizes interest rate fluctuations by setting both a floor and a cap. The collar is designated as a cash flow hedge in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate collar is as follows:
Notional Amount
Cap Strike Rate
Floor Strike Rate
10/1/2022
10/1/2026
Derivatives - Assets (Liabilities)
4.40
2.44
For derivative instruments that are designated as unhedged, the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is recognized into current earnings. The details of the unhedged interest rate caps are as follows:
Strike Rate
3/1/2020
3/3/2025
25,000
1.90
During the third quarter of 2024, the Company executed a derivative strategy more commonly known as a swaption. The swaptions are designed to hedge the Company’s regulatory capital ratios against the adverse effects of a significant decline in long-term interest rates. The swaptions are designated as unhedged in accordance with ASC 815, therefore the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is recognized into current earnings. An initial premium of $4.5 million was paid upfront for the swaptions. The details of the swaptions are as follows:
7/30/2024
7/30/2025
77,600
2.13
33,100
2.62
28,254
2.12
66,247
2.63
1/29/2026
20,750
102
41,700
77
1/30/2026
36,546
2.14
18,453
2.64
7/30/2026
16,100
140
29,800
25,971
14,280
81
125
408,801
The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of declining interest rates on floating rate loans. The interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:
7/1/2021
7/1/2031
35,000
1.40
4.43
(4,098)
(5,445)
(5,855)
(7,779)
40,000
(4,693)
(6,233)
1.30
(2,950)
(3,916)
4/1/2022
4/1/2027
15,000
1.91
(440)
(720)
(1,466)
(2,400)
(1,026)
(1,680)
(1,465)
300,000
(21,993)
(30,573)
The Company uses interest rate collars in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure on variable rate deposits. The collar hedging strategy stabilizes interest rate fluctuations by setting both a floor and a cap. The collars are designated as a cash flow hedge in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate collars are as follows:
5/1/2025
11/1/2027
2.24
(77)
N/A
5/1/2028
2.34
(117)
11/1/2028
2.43
(162)
150,000
The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of rising rates on loans. The interest rate swaps are designated as fair value hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:
7/12/2023
8/1/2025
4.32
4.60
(3)
(35)
2/1/2026
4.38
(47)
(28)
(46)
20,000
(37)
(61)
8/1/2026
30,000
4.21
(144)
(79)
(72)
(40)
(96)
(53)
2/1/2027
32,500
4.08
(20)
(166)
(27)
8/1/2027
3.98
(364)
(168)
(280)
2/1/2028
3.90
(395)
(198)
325,000
The Company has also entered into interest rate swap contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivative contracts relate to transactions in which the Company enters into an interest rate swap with a customer while at the same time entering into an equal and offsetting interest rate swap with an upstream counterparty. Additionally, the Company receives an upfront, non-refundable fee from the upstream counterparty, dependent upon the pricing that is recognized upon receipt from the counterparty. Because the Company acts as an intermediary for the customer, changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts, for the most part, offset each other and do not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations.
Interest rate swaps that were not designated as hedging instruments as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are summarized as follows:
Estimated Fair Value
Non-Hedging Interest Rate Derivatives Assets:
Interest rate swap contracts
4,339,462
4,148,306
Non-Hedging Interest Rate Derivatives Liabilities:
27
The effect of cash flow hedging and fair value accounting on the consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
Interest and
Dividend Income
Expense
Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income
The effects of cash flow hedging:
Gain (loss) on interest rate caps and collars on deposits
(1,039)
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps on debt
(210)
(337)
Loss on interest rate swaps and collars on loans
(2,109)
(2,987)
The effects of fair value hedging:
Gain on interest rate swaps on loans
985
(2,155)
(419)
(673)
(Gain) loss on interest rate swaps and collars on loans
(4,192)
(5,961)
335
1,962
The Company’s hedged interest rate swaps and non-hedged interest rate swaps are collateralized with cash and investment securities with carrying values as follows, as of the dates presented:
Cash
41,911
39,431
6,469
6,222
140,958
151,107
25,272
18,132
214,610
214,892
The Company may be exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to its interest rate derivative agreements. The Company assesses the credit risk of its financial institution counterparties by monitoring publicly available credit ratings and financial information. Additionally, the Company manages financial institution counterparty credit risk by entering into interest rate derivatives only with primary and highly rated counterparties, and uses ISDA master agreements, central clearing mechanisms and counterparty limits. The agreements contain bilateral collateral agreements with the amount of collateral to be posted generally governed by the settlement value of outstanding swaps. The Company manages the risk of default by its borrower/customer counterparties through its normal loan underwriting and credit monitoring policies and procedures. The Company underwrites the combination of the base loan amount and potential swap exposure and focuses on high quality borrowers with strong collateral values. The majority of the Company’s swapped loan portfolio consists of loans on projects, with loan-to-values, including the potential swap exposure, below 65%. The Company does not currently anticipate any losses from failure of interest rate derivative counterparties to honor their obligations.
NOTE 6 – INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of the expected federal income tax expense to the income tax expense included in the consolidated statements of income is as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
% of
Pretax
Income
Computed "expected" tax expense
6,420
21.0
6,650
11,902
12,509
Tax exempt income, net
(4,633)
(15.2)
(3,986)
(12.6)
(9,023)
(15.9)
(7,761)
(13.0)
(0.7)
(622)
(2.0)
(320)
(0.6)
(804)
(1.3)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit, current year
896
2.9
1,088
3.4
2.4
2,102
3.5
Tax credits
(338)
(1.1)
0.1
(795)
(1.4)
(51)
(0.1)
Income from tax credit equity investments
(424)
(497)
(1.6)
(852)
(1.5)
(1.8)
Excess tax benefit on stock options exercised and restricted stock awards vested
(54)
(527)
(0.9)
(524)
(0.3)
131
0.2
(652)
5.1
8.1
3.3
6.3
The effective tax rate for the first six months of 2025 was exceptionally low at 3%, down from 6% in the first six months of 2024. The decline was primarily due to a combination of the tax benefits from equity compensation in the first six months of 2025, new state tax credit investments, and lower pre-tax income from lower capital markets revenue. Given a more normalized mix of revenue, the Company expects its effective tax rate to increase in the third quarter of 2025.
Effective January 1, 2024, the Company made an election under ASU 2023-02 to account for its tax credit investments using the proportional amortization method under newly adopted accounting guidance. Under the proportional amortization method, the Company applies a practical expedient for its tax credit investments and amortizes the initial cost of the qualifying investments in proportion to the income tax credits received in the current period as compared to the total income tax credits expected to be received over the life of the investment.
The following table summarizes the impact to the Consolidated Statements of Income relative to the Company’s tax credit programs for which it has elected to apply the proportional amortization method of accounting:
March 31, 2025
Tax credits recognized
2,587
2,115
5,295
4,319
Other tax benefits recognized
496
613
988
1,342
Amortization
(2,191)
(2,192)
(2,092)
(4,384)
(4,153)
Net benefit included in income tax
888
1,011
636
1,899
1,508
Other income
Allocated income on investments
Net benefit included in noninterest income
Net benefit included in the Consolidated Statements of Income
The Company did not recognize impairment losses resulting from the forfeiture or ineligibility of income tax credits or other circumstances during the three and six months ending June 30, 2025 and 2024.
On July 4, 2025, the President signed H.R. 1, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act”, into law. The legislation includes several changes to federal tax law that generally allow for more favorable deductibility of certain business expenses beginning in 2025, including the restoration of immediate expensing of domestic research and development expenditures, reinstatement of 100% bonus depreciation, and more favorable rules for determining the limitation on business interest expense. These changes were not reflected in the income tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as enactment occurred after the balance sheet date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on future periods.
NOTE 7 - EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following information was used in the computation of EPS on a basic and diluted basis:
Three months ended
Six months ended
Basic EPS
Diluted EPS
Weighted average common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and under the employee stock purchase plan
77,740
107,040
95,473
117,183
NOTE 8 – FAIR VALUE
Accounting guidance on fair value measurement uses a hierarchy intended to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy includes three levels and is based upon the valuation techniques used to measure assets and liabilities. The three levels are as follows:
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis comprise the following at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Quoted Prices
Significant
in Active
Markets for
Observable
Unobservable
Identical Assets
Inputs
(Level 1)
(Level 2)
(Level 3)
Securities trading
Total assets measured at fair value
539,399
456,499
Total liabilities measured at fair value
551,419
467,890
The securities AFS portfolio consists of securities whereby the Company obtains fair values from an independent pricing service. The fair values are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data, such as interest rate volatilities, SOFR yield curve, credit spreads and prices from market makers and live trading systems (Level 2 inputs).
Trading securities consist of retained beneficial interests from securitizations and are classified as a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Fair values are estimated using the discounted cash flow method, including discount rates which are deemed to be significant unobservable inputs. As of June 30, 2025, the discount rates ranged from 3.23% to 6.33%.
Changes in fair value of trading securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are presented as follows:
82,445
22,258
22,369
(81)
Premium amortization
(237)
(129)
(471)
(260)
Fair value gain (loss)
732
233
253
22,362
Interest rate caps, swaps, collars and swaptions are used for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk on various financial assets and liabilities, further described in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair values are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data for derivative instruments with similar structures (Level 2 inputs).
Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; that is, the assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).
Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis comprised the following at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Loans/leases evaluated individually
55,773
OREO
54,434
714
55,148
Loans/leases evaluated individually are valued at the lower of cost or fair value and are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans/leases. Collateral may be comprised of real estate and/or business assets, including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable, and is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values are discounted based on management's historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management's expertise and knowledge of the client and client's business.
OREO in the table above consists of property acquired through foreclosures and settlement of loans. Property acquired is carried at the estimated fair value of the property, less disposal costs, and is classified as a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the property acquired is generally determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values are discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the property.
31
The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
Quantitative Information about Level Fair Value Measurements
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Range
Appraisal of collateral
Appraisal adjustments
-10.00
to
-30.00
-35.00
For the loans/leases evaluated individually and OREO, the Company records carrying value at fair value less disposal or selling costs. The amounts reported in the tables above are fair values before the adjustment for disposal or selling costs.
There have been no changes in valuation techniques used for any assets or liabilities measured at fair value during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.
The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities carried on the Company's consolidated balance sheets, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis:
Hierarchy
Carrying
Estimated
Level
Investment securities:
HTM
AFS
Trading
Loans/leases receivable, net
51,642
50,402
6,784,550
6,522,198
6,644,161
6,325,156
Nonmaturity deposits
6,092,401
5,835,362
Time deposits
1,225,952
1,223,097
1,225,825
1,222,482
FHLB advances
226,169
285,196
238,668
238,873
42,416
41,638
32
NOTE 9 – BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
Selected financial and descriptive information is required to be disclosed for reportable operating segments, applying a “management perspective” as the basis for identifying reportable segments. The management perspective is determined by the view that management takes of the segments within the Company when making operating decisions, allocating resources, and measuring performance. The segments of the Company have been defined by the structure of the Company’s internal organization, focusing on the financial information that the Company’s operating decision-makers routinely use to make decisions about operating matters. The chief operating decision maker consists of the Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company. The chief operating decision maker reviews financial reports that detail the interest income, interest expense, provision for credit losses, noninterest income, salaries and benefits expense, occupancy expense, other noninterest expenses, income tax expense and net income from continuing operations and compares the actual results to the amounts budgeted and the reason for variances. The results of this review allow the Company’s chief operating decision maker to make operating decisions and allocate resources. Capital markets revenue is considered a significant source of noninterest income. Salaries and benefits expense and occupancy expense are considered significant noninterest expenses.
The Company’s Commercial Banking business is geographically divided by markets into the operating segments which are the four subsidiary banks wholly owned by the Company: QCBT, CRBT, CSB, and GB. Each of these operating segments offers similar products and services, but is managed separately due to different pricing, product demand, and consumer markets. Each offers commercial, consumer, and mortgage loans and deposit services.
The Company's All Other segment includes the corporate operations of the parent and operations of all other consolidated subsidiaries and/or defined operating segments that fall below the segment reporting thresholds.
Selected financial information on the Company's business segments is presented as follows as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
Commercial Banking
Intercompany
Consolidated
QCBT
CRBT
CSB
GB
All other
Eliminations
Interest and dividend income
36,857
32,949
20,981
30,369
(981)
Interest expense
17,887
12,926
8,468
16,004
4,284
(1,404)
18,970
20,023
12,513
14,365
(4,212)
423
2,082
152
619
Noninterest income
8,553
1,300
Other segment revenue items
5,277
4,017
1,242
2,009
35,011
(35,310)
12,246
5,293
12,570
3,309
Noninterest expense
Salaries and benefits expense
7,449
8,952
4,777
7,474
(178)
Occupancy expense
1,603
1,770
1,217
1,795
Other segment expense items
4,064
3,606
2,383
3,158
1,710
(649)
14,272
13,116
14,328
8,377
12,427
1,984
Income tax expense
825
1,643
65
(336)
(645)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
8,240
15,432
5,161
4,964
29,460
(34,238)
2,791
14,980
9,888
110,936
508
600
8,630
2,662,450
2,664,293
1,605,966
2,365,944
1,381,743
(1,438,065)
37,222
30,760
20,092
31,965
96
(389)
19,497
13,660
8,808
18,103
(755)
17,725
17,100
11,284
13,862
(4,174)
366
3,228
2,028
16,014
1,744
4,644
3,394
1,387
4,214
37,199
(37,707)
13,131
19,408
5,958
7,986
8,873
4,617
6,842
2,761
1,451
1,558
1,178
1,747
3,725
3,524
2,216
2,586
984
(603)
12,432
13,162
13,955
8,011
11,175
2,788
(14)
187
(830)
5,556
17,737
4,627
8,265
29,667
(36,738)
3,223
139,027
755
1,148
10,538
12,441
2,559,049
2,428,266
1,531,109
2,369,754
1,263,250
(1,279,437)
8,871,991
72,794
64,881
40,989
59,712
(1,615)
35,200
25,392
16,570
31,566
8,570
(2,446)
37,594
39,489
24,419
28,146
(8,411)
3,494
1,276
1,514
1,993
14,156
2,151
10,488
6,412
2,744
3,683
66,727
(67,432)
22,622
10,504
20,568
2,806
5,834
14,858
16,813
9,650
13,978
3,142
3,366
2,455
3,392
937
8,098
7,158
4,488
6,234
2,308
(1,294)
26,992
26,098
27,337
16,593
23,604
3,784
1,722
2,407
(181)
(752)
(1,336)
16,784
29,037
9,299
9,135
55,868
(65,307)
72,952
60,529
39,338
62,508
160
(692)
38,264
26,521
16,979
35,132
8,443
(1,406)
34,688
34,008
22,359
27,376
(8,283)
6,453
1,794
31,219
2,996
9,296
6,395
2,651
6,044
70,804
(71,658)
23,532
37,614
9,040
16,119
18,320
9,136
14,003
5,361
2,948
3,143
2,424
3,459
917
7,491
7,042
4,180
5,614
1,628
(1,207)
24,748
26,558
28,505
15,740
23,076
7,906
5,543
(39)
84
(2,375)
10,460
35,780
9,076
13,271
56,990
(69,737)
Intercompany eliminations included in the selected financial information on the Company’s business segments consist of equity in net income of each subsidiary bank and investment in each subsidiary bank as follows:
Other segment revenue items:
Equity in net income of subsidiary bank
33,797
Total assets:
Investment in subsidiary bank
297,789
454,519
182,701
389,152
1,324,161
5,557
17,736
8,266
36,186
268,996
386,642
161,611
367,634
1,184,883
64,255
35,779
13,272
68,587
NOTE 10 – REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
The Company (on a consolidated basis) and the subsidiary banks are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company and the subsidiary banks' financial statements.
Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the subsidiary banks must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain OBS items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the subsidiary banks to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the following table) of total common equity Tier 1, Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to average assets, each as defined by regulation. Management believes, as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, that the Company and the subsidiary banks met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.
Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, to be categorized as “well capitalized,” an institution must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, Tier 1 leverage and common equity Tier 1 ratios as set forth in the following tables. The Company and the subsidiary banks’ actual capital amounts and ratios as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are presented in the following tables (dollars in thousands). As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, each of the subsidiary banks met such capital requirements to be “well capitalized.”
For Capital Adequacy
To Be Well Capitalized
For Capital
Purposes With Capital
Under Prompt Corrective
Actual
Adequacy Purposes
Conservation Buffer
Action Provisions
Ratio
( dollars in thousands)
As of June 30, 2025:
Company:
Total risk-based capital
1,314,474
14.26
737,507
>
8.00
967,978
10.50
921,884
10.00
Tier 1 risk-based capital
1,010,640
10.96
553,130
6.00
783,601
8.50
Tier 1 leverage
11.22
360,229
4.00
450,286
5.00
Common equity Tier 1
961,715
10.43
414,848
4.50
645,319
7.00
599,225
6.50
Quad City Bank & Trust:
339,461
14.33
189,536
248,766
310,380
13.10
142,152
201,382
11.70
106,093
132,617
106,614
165,844
153,998
Cedar Rapids Bank & Trust:
481,055
15.09
255,110
334,832
318,888
453,450
14.22
191,333
271,054
17.28
104,943
131,179
143,499
223,221
207,277
Community State Bank:
200,559
13.06
122,888
161,291
153,611
186,208
12.12
92,166
130,569
11.75
63,386
79,232
69,125
107,527
99,847
Guaranty Bank:
307,790
14.70
167,529
219,882
209,411
282,693
13.50
125,647
178,000
12.65
89,355
111,693
94,235
146,588
136,117
As of December 31, 2024:
1,273,903
14.10
723,016
948,958
903,770
955,039
10.57
542,262
768,204
10.73
356,091
445,114
906,179
10.03
406,696
632,639
587,450
323,221
13.65
189,365
248,541
236,706
293,597
12.40
142,024
201,200
11.41
102,969
128,712
106,518
165,694
153,859
452,942
14.79
245,055
321,635
306,319
424,253
13.85
183,792
260,371
16.40
103,449
129,312
137,844
214,424
199,108
189,362
12.94
117,065
153,648
146,332
176,646
12.07
87,799
124,382
11.72
60,305
75,382
65,849
102,432
95,115
297,047
166,695
218,787
208,369
272,621
13.08
125,021
177,113
12.15
89,770
112,213
93,766
145,858
135,440
NOTE 11 - COMMITMENTS
The Company entered into a construction contract in 2024 for the construction of a new CSB facility in Ankeny, Iowa. The Company will pay the contractor a contract price of approximately $41.3 million, subject to certain agreed upon additions and deductions. As of June 30, 2025, the Company had paid $23.4 million of the contract price, resulting in a remaining future commitment of approximately $17.9 million. Construction on this facility is anticipated to be completed in 2026.
NOTE 12 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Redemption of 5.25% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2030
On July 25, 2025, the Company issued a notice of full redemption (the “2030 Notice”) pursuant to that certain Additional Paying Agent and Co-Registrar Agreement, dated as of September 22, 2020, between GFED as original issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as paying agent and co-registrar (“Wilmington”), as supplemented by that certain First Supplemental to Additional Paying Agent and Co-Registrar Agreement and Note, dated as of April 1, 2022, by and between Wilmington, the Company, as successor issuer, and GFED, governing the Company’s 5.25% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2030 (the “2030 Notes”).
Pursuant to the 2030 Notice, the Company gave holders of the 2030 Notes notice that it intends to redeem all $20.0 million of the outstanding 2030 Notes on September 30, 2025 (the “2030 Note Redemption Date”) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding the 2030 Note Redemption Date, in an aggregate amount of $20.5 million.
Redemption of 5.125% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2030
On July 25, 2025, the Company issued a notice of full redemption (the “MW Notice”) under that certain Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 14, 2020, by and between the Company and Modern Woodmen of America (“MW”), governing the Company’s 5.125% Fixed-to-Floating Subordinated Note due 2030 (“the MW Note”).
Pursuant to the MW Notice, the Company gave MW notice that it intends to redeem all $50.0 million of the outstanding MW Note on September 15, 2025 (the “MW Note Redemption Date”) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the MW Note, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the MW Note Redemption Date, in an aggregate amount of $50.6 million.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
This section reviews the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries as of and for the three and six months ending June 30, 2025. Some tables may include additional periods to comply with disclosure requirements or to illustrate trends. When reading this discussion, also refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in this report. Page locations and specific sections and notes that are referred to in this discussion are listed in the table of contents.
Additionally, a comprehensive list of the acronyms and abbreviations used throughout this discussion is included in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
GENERAL
The Company was formed in February 1993 for the purpose of organizing QCBT. Over the past 32 years, the Company has grown to include four banking subsidiaries and a number of nonbanking subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $9.3 billion in consolidated assets, including $6.8 billion in net loans/leases, and $7.3 billion in deposits. The financial results of acquired entities for the periods since their acquisition are included in this report. Further information related to acquired entities has been presented in the annual reports previously filed with the SEC corresponding to the year of each acquisition.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The Company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The financial information contained within these statements is, to a significant extent, financial information that is based on approximate measures of the financial effects of transactions and events that have already occurred. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance, determination of the fair value of loans acquired in business combinations, impairment of goodwill, the fair value of financial instruments, and the fair value of securities.
Based on its consideration of accounting policies that involve the most complex and subjective decisions and assessments, management has identified the following as critical accounting policies and estimates:
A more detailed discussion of these critical accounting policies and estimates can be found in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
The Company reported net income of $29.0 million and diluted EPS of $1.71 for the quarter ended June 30, 2025. By comparison, for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, the Company reported net income of $25.8 million and diluted EPS of $1.52. For the quarter ended June 30, 2024, the Company reported net income of $29.1 million, and diluted EPS of $1.72. For the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company reported net income of $54.8 million and diluted EPS of $3.22. By comparison, for the six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company reported net income of $55.8 million and diluted EPS of $3.30.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – continued
The second quarter of 2025 was also highlighted by the following results and events (see section titled “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” for additional information):
Following is a table that represents various net income measurements for the Company:
For the three months ended
For the six months ended
1.52
17,013,992
The Company reported adjusted net income (non-GAAP) of $29.4 million, with adjusted diluted EPS (non-GAAP) of $1.73 for the three months ended June 30, 2025. See section titled “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” for additional information. The Company reported adjusted net income (non-GAAP) of $55.4 million, with adjusted diluted EPS (non-GAAP) of $3.26 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. See section titled “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” for additional information. Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 excludes a number of non-core or non-recurring items, after-tax, as set forth in the GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation section.
Following is a table that represents the major income and expense categories for the Company:
59,986
4,234
16,892
46,539
308
Following are certain noteworthy developments in the Company's financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2025:
STRATEGIC FINANCIAL METRICS
The Company has established certain strategic financial metrics by which it manages its business and measures its performance. The goals are periodically updated to reflect changes in business developments. While the Company is determined to work prudently to achieve these metrics, there is no assurance that they will be met. Moreover, the Company's ability to achieve these metrics may be affected by the factors discussed under “Forward Looking Statements” as well as the factors detailed in the “Risk Factors” section included under Item 1A. of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company's long-term strategic financial metrics are as follows:
The following table shows the evaluation of the Company’s strategic financial metrics:
Year to Date*
Strategic Financial Metric*
Key Metric
Target
Loan and lease growth organically
Loans and leases growth
> 9% annually
6.0
2.3
12.4
Fee income growth
> 6% annually
(36.1)
(43.0)
(13.5)
Improve operational efficiencies and hold noninterest expense growth
Noninterest expense growth
< 5% annually
(6.3)
(9.3)
(4.4)
* Ratios and amounts provided for these measurements represent year-to-date actual amounts for the respective period that are then annualized for comparison to the prior year actual. The calculations provided exclude non-core noninterest income and noninterest expense.
It should be noted that these initiatives are long-term targets.
STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS
The Company has taken the following actions during the second quarter of 2025 to support its corporate strategy and further the strategic financial metrics shown above:
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS
The following table presents certain non-GAAP financial measures related to the “TCE/TA ratio,” “adjusted net income,” “adjusted EPS,” “adjusted ROAA,” “NIM (TEY),” “adjusted NIM (TEY),” “efficiency ratio,” and “adjusted efficiency ratio.” In compliance with applicable rules of the SEC, all non-GAAP measures are reconciled to the most directly comparable GAAP measure, as follows:
The TCE/TA non-GAAP ratio has been a focus for investors, and management believes that this ratio may assist investors in analyzing the Company’s capital position without regard to the effects of intangible assets.
The following tables also include several “adjusted” non-GAAP measurements of financial performance. The Company’s management believes that these measures are important to investors as they exclude non-core or non-recurring income and expense items; therefore, they provide a better comparison for analysis and may provide a better indicator of future performance.
NIM (TEY) is a financial measure that the Company’s management utilizes to determine the tax benefit associated with certain tax-exempt loans and securities. It is standard industry practice to measure net interest margin using tax-equivalent measures. In addition, the Company calculates NIM without the impact of acquisition accounting net accretion (adjusted NIM), as accretion amounts can fluctuate widely, making comparisons difficult.
The efficiency ratio and adjusted efficiency ratio are utilized by management to compare the Company to its peers. They are standard ratios used to calculate overhead as a percentage of revenue in the banking industry and is widely utilized by investors.
Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied, and are not audited. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by investors to evaluate a company, they have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analyses of results as reported under GAAP.
As of
GAAP TO NON-GAAP
March 31,
RECONCILIATIONS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
TCE/TA RATIO
Stockholders' equity (GAAP)
Less: Intangible assets
148,333
148,995
151,468
TCE (non-GAAP)
902,221
873,752
784,851
Total assets (GAAP)
9,152,779
TA (non-GAAP)
9,093,998
9,003,784
8,720,523
TCE/TA ratio (non-GAAP)
9.92
9.70
9.00
ADJUSTED NET INCOME
Net income (GAAP)
Less non-core items (post-tax) (*):
Income:
Fair value gain (loss) on derivatives, net
(397)
(156)
(553)
(288)
Total non-core income (non-GAAP)
Adjusted net income (non-GAAP)
29,416
25,953
29,259
55,369
56,128
ADJUSTED EPS
Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) (from above)
16,900,785
Adjusted EPS (non-GAAP):
Basic
1.74
1.54
3.27
3.34
Diluted
1.53
3.26
ADJUSTED ROAA (non-GAAP)
Average Assets
9,155,473
9,015,439
8,776,002
9,085,843
8,663,429
Adjusted ROAA (non-GAAP)
1.29
1.15
1.33
1.22
Adjusted ROAE (non-GAAP)
11.30
10.20
12.69
10.76
12.30
ADJUSTED NIM (TEY)*
Net interest income (GAAP)
Plus: Tax equivalent adjustment
10,090
9,513
8,914
19,603
17,259
Net interest income - tax equivalent (non-GAAP)
72,172
69,499
65,077
141,671
128,121
Less: Acquisition accounting net accretion
184
631
Adjusted net interest income
72,088
69,315
64,809
141,403
127,490
Average earning assets
8,377,361
8,241,035
7,999,044
8,309,575
7,903,382
NIM (GAAP)
2.97
2.95
2.82
NIM (TEY) (non-GAAP)
3.46
3.42
3.45
Adjusted NIM (TEY) (non-GAAP)
3.41
3.44
EFFICIENCY RATIO
Noninterest expense (GAAP)
Noninterest income (GAAP)
Total income
84,197
76,878
87,052
161,075
168,609
Efficiency ratio (noninterest expense/total income) (non-GAAP)
58.89
60.54
57.31
59.68
59.65
Adjusted efficiency ratio (core noninterest expense/core total income) (Non-GAAP)
58.54
60.38
57.19
59.42
59.52
* Non-core or non-recurring items (after-tax) are calculated using an estimated effective federal tax rate of 21% with the exception of goodwill impairment which is not deductible for tax.
NET INTEREST INCOME AND MARGIN - (TAX EQUIVALENT BASIS)
Net interest income, on a GAAP basis, increased 3% for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same quarter of the prior year. Net interest income, on a tax equivalent basis (non-GAAP) increased 11% for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same quarter of the prior year. Net interest income, on a GAAP basis, increased 10% for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same period of the prior year. Net interest income, on a tax equivalent basis (non-GAAP), increased 11% for the six months ended June 30, 2025, compared to the same period of the prior year. Net interest income changed primarily due to the Company’s loan and investment growth and continued expansion of loan and investment yields, which were partially offset by deposit growth with a lower cost of funds.
A comparison of yields, spread and margin as reported on the Company’s financial statements and on a tax equivalent basis is as follows:
GAAP
Tax Equivalent Basis
Average Yield on Interest-Earning Assets
5.74
5.66
5.99
6.24
6.20
6.46
Average Cost of Interest-Bearing Liabilities
3.93
Net Interest Spread
2.32
2.22
2.06
2.76
2.53
NIM (TEY) (Non-GAAP)
NIM Excluding Acquisition Accounting Net Accretion (Non-GAAP)
2.96
2.90
2.80
5.70
6.32
6.22
6.41
3.43
2.27
2.42
2.79
2.51
2.93
Acquisition accounting net accretion can fluctuate depending on the payoff activity of acquired loans. In evaluating net interest income and NIM, it is important to understand the impact of acquisition accounting net accretion when comparing periods. The above table reports NIM with and without the acquisition accounting net accretion to allow for more appropriate comparisons. A comparison of acquisition accounting net accretion included in NIM is as follows:
Acquisition Accounting Net Accretion in NIM
The Company’s management closely monitors and manages NIM. From a profitability standpoint, an important challenge for the Company’s subsidiary banks and leasing company is focusing on quality growth in conjunction with the improvement of their NIMs. Management continually addresses this issue with pricing and other balance sheet strategies which include better loan pricing, reducing reliance on rate-sensitive funding, closely managing deposit rate changes and finding additional ways to manage cost of funds through derivatives.
The Company’s average balances, interest income/expense, and rates earned/paid on major balance sheet categories, as well as the components of change in net interest income, are presented in the following tables:
Average
Earned
Yield or
Balance
or Paid
ASSETS
Interest earning assets:
14,285
13,065
5.54
151,898
4.31
80,998
Investment securities - taxable
401,657
4.79
377,747
4,286
4.53
Investment securities - nontaxable (1)
893,753
12,872
5.76
704,761
9,462
5.37
34,037
7.23
43,398
7.92
Gross loans/leases receivable (1) (2) (3)
6,881,731
110,245
6.43
6,779,075
112,719
6.69
Total interest earning assets
130,337
128,658
Noninterest-earning assets:
78,264
77,663
Premises and equipment
172,919
135,156
Less allowance
(89,378)
(84,507)
616,307
648,646
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits
5,080,367
38,604
3.05
4,649,625
40,924
3.54
1,193,035
12,409
4.17
1,091,870
12,128
4.47
1,420
4.23
1,622
5.18
250,603
464,231
6,238
5.32
233,631
6.16
233,207
6.14
48,904
48,774
5.58
Total interest-bearing liabilities
6,807,960
6,489,329
63,581
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
945,138
945,693
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities
360,947
418,994
8,114,045
7,854,016
Stockholders' equity
1,041,428
921,986
Net interest margin
Net interest margin (TEY)(Non-GAAP)
Adjusted net interest margin (TEY)(Non-GAAP)
Cost of funds (4)
3.01
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
123.05
123.26
Analysis of Changes of Interest Income/Interest Expense
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
Inc./(Dec.)
Components
from
of Change (1)
Prior Period (1)
Rate
Volume
2025 vs. 2024
INTEREST INCOME
(110)
495
(1,612)
2,107
519
247
272
Investment securities - nontaxable (2)
3,410
727
2,683
(247)
(71)
(176)
Gross loans/leases receivable (2) (3)
(2,474)
(11,665)
9,191
Total change in interest income
1,679
(12,484)
14,163
INTEREST EXPENSE
(2,320)
(19,659)
17,339
281
(3,681)
3,962
(4)
(3,385)
(849)
(2,536)
(13)
Total change in interest expense
(5,416)
(24,195)
18,779
Total change in net interest income
7,095
11,711
(4,616)
11,662
16,510
5.41
159,356
4.35
86,277
5.45
401,220
4.69
375,644
868,754
24,594
5.67
695,365
18,813
32,309
7.12
40,742
7.49
6,836,274
217,684
6.42
6,688,844
220,392
6.63
256,523
252,085
78,031
77,713
167,617
131,567
Less allowance for estimated losses on loans/leases
(89,710)
(85,638)
620,330
636,405
Interest-bearing demand deposits
5,041,914
76,302
4,589,479
80,027
3.51
1,198,782
25,098
4.22
1,099,746
24,473
4.48
1,629
4.05
1,688
5.19
214,444
409,725
5.30
233,579
6.17
233,154
6.06
48,888
5.57
48,758
5.60
6,739,236
6,382,550
123,964
941,916
952,099
375,167
416,101
8,056,319
7,750,750
1,029,524
912,679
3.31
Ratio of average interest earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
123.30
123.83
For the six months ended June 30, 2025
(194)
(76)
(118)
Interest-bearing deposits at other financial institutions
1,099
(1,321)
2,420
847
277
5,781
934
4,847
(387)
(75)
(312)
(2,708)
(13,125)
10,417
4,438
(13,386)
17,824
(3,725)
(20,252)
16,527
(3,232)
3,857
(11)
(6,128)
(1,474)
(4,654)
139
126
(12)
(18)
(9,112)
(24,860)
15,748
13,550
11,474
The Company’s operating results are also impacted by various sources of noninterest income, including trust fees, investment advisory and management fees, deposit service fees, capital markets revenue, including swap fee income and gains on loan securitizations, gains from the sales of residential real estate loans and government guaranteed loans, earnings on BOLI and other income. Offsetting these items, the Company incurs noninterest expenses, which include salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment expense, professional and data processing fees, FDIC and other insurance expense, loan/lease expense and other administrative expenses.
The Company’s operating results are also affected by economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in interest rates, income tax rates, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. For a discussion of the factors that could have a material impact on the operations and future prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, see the “Risk Factors” section included under Item 1A. of Part I of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Interest income increased $501 thousand, comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of 2024, and increased $2.1 million when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of 2024. Interest income (tax equivalent non-GAAP) increased $1.7 million, comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of 2024, and increased $4.4 million when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of 2024. These increases in interest income were primarily due to higher loan and investment average balances and margin expansion from higher loan yields.
The Company intends to continue to grow quality loans and leases as well as its private placement tax-exempt securities portfolio to maximize yield while minimizing credit and interest rate risk.
Interest expense decreased $5.4 million, comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of 2024, and decreased $9.1 million, comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of 2024, primarily due to the lower cost of funds. The Company’s cost of funds was 3.01% for the quarter ended June 30, 2025, a decrease from 3.43% for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The Company’s costs of funds was 3.01% for the six months ended June 30, 2025, a decrease from 3.39% for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The decrease was a result of the Federal Reserve lowering interest rates in the second half of 2024.
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The ACL is established through provision expense to provide an estimated ACL. The following table shows the components of the provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
Provision for credit losses - loans and leases
Provision for credit losses - off-balance sheet exposures
Provision for credit losses - available for sale securities
Total provision for credit losses
The Company had a total provision for credit losses on loans and leases of $4.7 million for the second quarter of 2025, an increase from $4.3 million for the same period of 2024, primarily driven by loan growth and increased net charge-offs. The provision related to OBS was negative $624 thousand for the second quarter of 2025 compared to a provision related to OBS of $1.2 million for the second quarter of 2024. The decrease was due to a decreased balance in unfunded commitments. Provision for credit losses on loans and leases for the first six months of 2025 totaled $9.4 million, an increase from $8.1 million for the first six months of 2024. The increase was primarily driven by loan growth and increased net charge-offs. The provision related to OBS was negative $1.1 million for the first six months of 2025 compared to a provision related to OBS of $831 thousand for the first six months of 2024.
There was no provision related to HTM securities for the first six months of 2025 or 2024. There was no provision related to AFS securities for the first six months of 2025, compared to a negative provision of $445 thousand on AFS securities for the first six months of 2024 with the change in fair value of a debt investment in a failed bank. This was a legacy investment acquired as part of the 2022 GFED acquisition, for which an allowance equal to the entire value of the bond was established in March 2023. A partial recovery in value occurred due to favorable changes in market conditions during 2024, and the investment was then sold in 2024.
The ACL for loans and leases is established based on a number of factors, including the Company's historical loss experience, delinquencies and charge-off trends, economic and other forecasts, the local, state and national economies and risk associated with the loans/leases and securities in the portfolio, as described in more detail in the “Critical Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates” section of this report.
The Company had an ACL for loans/leases held for investment of 1.28% of total gross loans/leases held for investment at June 30, 2025, compared to 1.32% at March 31, 2025 and 1.33% at June 30, 2024. Management evaluates the allowance needed on loans acquired in previous acquisitions, factoring in the remaining discount, which was $2.0 million and $3.3 million at June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.
Additional discussion of the Company's allowance can be found in the “Financial Condition” section of this report.
NONINTEREST INCOME
The following table sets forth the various categories of noninterest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
$ Change
% Change
292
9.4
10.1
3.0
233.3
(7,889)
(44.4)
(1,966)
(66.3)
4.9
189
37.1
134
13.9
179
351.0
(34.4)
(8,774)
(28.4)
779
8.3
362
9.0
(69)
(7.5)
180.6
(17,830)
(52.1)
(60.3)
99
291
28.5
196
10.9
(665)
593.8
149
40.1
(18,740)
(32.5)
The Company continues to be successful in expanding its wealth management client base. Trust and investment advisory and management fees continue to be a significant contributor to noninterest income. Assets under management have increased $347.7 million since March 31, 2025 and have increased by $800.5 million since June 30, 2024 due primarily to new relationships. Income is generated primarily from fees charged based on assets under administration for corporate and personal trusts and for custodial services. The majority of trust fees are determined based on the value of the investments within the fully-managed trusts. Trust fees increased 9% in the second quarter of 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior year, and increased 12% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024 due to growth in assets under management and market performance. The Company expects trust and investment advisory and management fees to be negatively impacted during periods of significantly lower market valuations and positively impacted during periods of significantly higher market valuations. During 2024, the Company expanded its wealth management business into the southwest Missouri and central Iowa markets.
Investment advisory and management fees increased 3% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 8% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. Similar to trust fees, fees from these services are largely determined based on the market value of the investments managed. As a result, fee income from this line of business fluctuates with market valuations.
Deposit service fees increased 10% in the second quarter of 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior year, and increased 9% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. The Company’s total deposits increased by $553.7 million, or 8%, when comparing June 30, 2025 to June 30, 2024. The Company continues to be successful in expanding its core deposit base with a targeted focus on growing the number of net new accounts in 2025.
Gains on sales of residential real estate loans, net, increased 3% when comparing the first quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 8% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. The decrease was due to lower volume of client residential real estate purchase activity generating lower levels of gains.
The Company has grown its capital markets revenue significantly over the past several years. The Company’s interest rate swap program consists of back-to-back interest rate swaps with two types of commercial borrowers: (1) traditional commercial loans of a certain minimum size and sophistication, and (2) LIHTC permanent loans. Most of the growth has been in the latter category as the Company has grown relationships with strong LIHTC developers with many years of experience. The LIHTC industry is strong and growing with an increased need for affordable housing. The back-to-back interest rate swaps allow commercial borrowers to pay a fixed interest rate while the Company receives a variable interest rate as well as an upfront nonrefundable fee dependent upon the pricing from an upstream counter party.
Capital markets revenue totaled $9.9 million for the second quarter of 2025, compared to $17.8 million for the second quarter of 2024. Capital markets revenue totaled $16.4 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to $34.2 million for the first six months of 2024. As discussed in the “Executive Overview” section of this report, capital markets revenue was affected by macroeconomic and governmental uncertainty. Demand for affordable housing remains strong. In the traditional commercial portfolio, the pricing is more competitive and the duration is shorter as compared to the LIHTC permanent loans. Therefore, the mix of loans with interest rate swaps continued to be heavily weighted towards LIHTC permanent loans. Future levels of swap fees are dependent upon the needs of our traditional commercial and LIHTC borrowers, and the size of the related nonrefundable swap fee may fluctuate depending on the interest rate environment.
Earnings on BOLI decreased 66%, comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 60% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. There were BOLI exchanges in the first six months of 2025 resulting in surrender charges of $168 thousand. In addition, there were $2.2 million of death benefit proceeds on BOLI received in the second quarter of 2024. There were no purchases of BOLI in the first six months of 2025 or 2024. Notably, a portion of the Company's BOLI is variable rate whereby returns are determined by the performance of the equity markets. Management intends to continue to review its BOLI investments to be consistent with policy and regulatory limits in conjunction with the rest of its earning assets in an effort to maximize returns while minimizing risk.
Debit card fees are the interchange fees paid on certain debit card customer transactions. Debit card fees increased 5% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the second quarter of 2024, and increased 3% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. The fees can vary based on customer debit card usage, so fluctuations from period to period may occur. As an opportunity to maximize fees, the Company offers a deposit product with a higher interest rate that incentivizes debit card activity.
Correspondent banking fees increased 37% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year and increased 29% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. The increase was primarily due to a shift of correspondent banking balances from non-interest bearing accounts to interest bearing accounts. Fees from correspondent banks generally increase when non-interest bearing account balances decrease due to lower associated earnings credits. Correspondent banking continues to be a core strategy for the Company, as this line of business provides a high level of deposits that can be used to fund loan growth as well as a steady source of fee income. The Company now serves 189 banks in Iowa, Illinois, Missouri and Wisconsin.
Loan-related fee income increased 14% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year and increased 11% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024. The increase was primarily due to loan growth.
Fair value losses on derivatives were $502 thousand and fair value gains on trading securities were $732 thousand in the second quarter of 2025, as compared to $183 thousand in losses and $234 thousand in gains, respectively, in the same period of the prior year. Fair value losses on derivatives and trading securities were $700 thousand and $77 thousand, respectively, in the first six months of 2025, as compared to losses of $365 thousand and gains of $253 thousand, respectively in the same period of the prior year. During the first quarter of 2024, the Company executed a derivative strategy utilizing swaptions with a notional value of approximately $409.0 million. The Company uses swaptions to manage interest rate risk related to the variability of interest payments due to changes in interest rates. These derivatives are unhedged and are marked-to-market, with gains or losses recorded in noninterest income which was a contributing factor in the increase in fair value losses on derivatives. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Other noninterest income decreased $75 thousand, or 341%, in the second quarter of 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior year, and increased 40% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the first six months of 2024 due to fluctuations on the market value of the Company’s equity investments. Income on equity investments is largely determined based on the market value of the investments managed.
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
The following tables set forth the various categories of noninterest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:
(2,605)
(8.4)
460
7.2
1,266
26.2
5.7
256
169.5
78.6
181
11.6
(13.8)
(2.7)
98
15.8
(29)
(4.2)
(159)
(22.5)
24.5
(305)
(7,101)
(11.3)
401
3.1
1,797
19.0
49.0
Net (income from) cost of and (gains) losses on operations of other real estate
2,150.0
311
10.2
(21.6)
(14.0)
10.6
(25)
(3.7)
(58)
(15.6)
(34)
10.5
(4,456)
Management places a strong emphasis on overall cost containment and is committed to improving the Company's general efficiency.
Salaries and employee benefits, which is the largest component of noninterest expense, decreased 8% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 11% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year primarily due to lower capital markets revenue and its impact on variable compensation associated with performance.
Occupancy and equipment expense increased 7% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 3% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year due primarily to higher depreciation expense with the opening of a new office in the Cedar Rapids market and an increase in service contract costs.
Professional and data processing fees increased 26% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 19% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. The increase was due primarily to increased CDARS and ICS expenses as well as higher professional fees related to the Company’s digital transformation. Generally, professional and data processing fees can fluctuate depending on certain one-time project costs. Management will continue to focus on minimizing such one-time costs and driving recurring costs down through contract negotiation or managed reduction in activity where costs are determined on a usage basis.
FDIC insurance, other insurance and regulatory fee expense increased 6% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 3% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year due primarily to asset growth.
Loan/lease expense increased 170% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same quarter of the prior year and increased 49% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year due primarily to a one-time legal fee reimbursement received in the second quarter of 2024, offsetting the expenses.
Net cost of (income from) and gains/losses on operations of other real estate includes gains/losses on the sale of OREO, write-downs of OREO and all income/expenses associated with OREO. Net cost of and gains/losses on operations of other real estate for the second quarter of 2025 totaled $50 thousand, compared to net cost of and gains/losses on operations of other real estate of $28 thousand for the second quarter of 2024. Net cost of and gains/losses on operations of other real estate for the first six months of 2025 totaled $41 thousand, compared to net income from and gains/losses on operations of other real estate of $2 thousand for the first six months of 2024. There were two sales of OREO properties in the second quarter of 2025 resulting in losses of $45 thousand.
Advertising and marketing expense increased 12% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 10% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. The increase in expense was primarily due to an increase in sponsorships.
Communication and data connectivity expense decreased 14% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 22% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to improvements to our data center connectivity channels and a reduction in cell phone and air card expenses as the Company continues to improve operational efficiencies.
Supplies expense decreased 3% comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 14% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. These decreases were primarily due to improved management of supply stock and the timing of purchases.
Bank service charges, a large portion of which includes indirect costs incurred to provide services to QCBT's correspondent banking customer portfolio, increased 16% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 11% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. As transaction volumes and the number of correspondent banking clients fluctuate, the associated expenses are expected to also fluctuate.
Correspondent banking expense decreased 14% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 4% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. The decreases were primarily due to higher costs in 2024 for an upgraded safekeeping platform. These are direct costs incurred to provide services to QCBT's correspondent banking customer portfolio, including safekeeping and cash management services.
53
Intangibles amortization expense decreased 4% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 4% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. The amortization expense is due to the prior acquisitions. These expenses are expected to naturally decrease as intangibles become fully amortized unless there is an addition to intangible assets.
Payment card processing expense decreased 23% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and decreased 16% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year due to a decreased volume of transactions.
Trust expense increased 9% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year due to increased assets under management. Trust expense decreased 4% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year due to higher custody charges in the second quarter of 2024.
Other noninterest expense increased 25% when comparing the second quarter of 2025 to the same period of the prior year, and increased 11% when comparing the first six months of 2025 to the same period of the prior year. The increases were primarily due to increased insurance loss reserves at our QCRH Risk Management micro captive entity. Included in other noninterest expense are items such as meals and entertainment, subscriptions and sales and use tax.
INCOME TAXES
In the second quarter of 2025, the Company incurred income tax expense of $1.6 million, compared to income tax expense of $2.6 million in the same period of the prior year. During the first six months of 2025, the Company incurred income tax expense of $1.9 million, compared to income tax expense of $3.7 million in the first six months of 2024. The effective tax rate for the first six months of 2025 was exceptionally low at 3%, down from 6% in the first six months of 2024. The decline was primarily due to a combination of the tax benefits from equity compensation in the first six months of 2025, new state tax credit investments, and lower pre-tax income from lower capital markets revenue. Given a more normalized mix of revenue, the Company expects its effective tax rate to increase in the second half of 2025.
Refer to the reconciliation of the expected income tax rate to the effective tax rate that is included in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Following is a table that represents the major categories of the Company’s balance sheet:
Cash, federal funds sold, and interest-bearing deposits
250,473
324,710
262,324
194,435
1,220,717
1,033,199
Net loans/leases
74
6,732,813
6,766,680
76
180,997
194,354
707,232
693,542
681,927
683,323
7,337,390
6,764,667
Total borrowings
509,359
429,921
569,532
768,671
206,925
221,798
155,796
180,536
During the second quarter of 2025, the Company's total assets increased $89.6 million, or 1%, from March 31, 2025, to a total of $9.2 billion. The Company’s net loans/leases increased $103.4 million in the second quarter of 2025. Deposits decreased $19.0 million, or less than 1%, during the second quarter of 2025. Borrowings increased $79.4 million, or 18%, during the second quarter of 2025 due primarily to strong loan and investment growth increasing funding needs.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The composition of the Company’s securities portfolio is managed to meet liquidity needs while prioritizing the impact on interest rate risk, maximizing return and minimizing credit risk. In recent years, the Company has continued to shift the mix of the portfolio by decreasing U.S. government sponsored agency securities, while increasing tax-exempt municipal securities. Of the latter, the large majority are private placed tax-exempt debt issuances by municipalities located in the Midwest (with some in or near the Company’s existing markets) that require a thorough underwriting process before investment and are generated by our specialty finance group.
Trading securities had a fair value of $82.9 million as of June 30, 2025 and consisted of retained beneficial interests acquired in conjunction with loan securitizations completed by the Company in 2023 and 2024. See also Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these securitizations.
Following is a breakdown of the Company's securities portfolio by type, the percentage of net unrealized gains (losses) to carrying value on the total portfolio, and the portfolio duration:
17,487
20,101
1,033,642
1,003,985
82
971,567
885,046
43,194
54,708
12,721
67,358
66,105
65,745
38,464
Trading securities
1,263,715
1,220,980
1,200,698
1,033,402
Securities as a % of total assets
13.67
13.34
13.30
11.65
Net unrealized losses as a % of Amortized Cost
(13.20)
(11.45)
(7.32)
(7.17)
Duration (in years)
5.6
5.8
6.2
Annual yield on investment securities (tax equivalent)
5.46
5.24
5.26
5.08
The Company has not invested in non-agency commercial or residential mortgage-backed securities or pooled trust preferred securities. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's investment securities.
LOANS/LEASES
Total loans/leases grew 6.2% on an annualized basis, when adding back the impact from the planned runoff of m2 Equipment Finance loans and leases during the first six months of 2025. The mix of the loan/lease classes within the Company's loan/lease portfolio is presented in the following table:
388,479
362,115
1,444,119
1,463,198
599,488
633,596
1,040,281
1,082,457
1,419,208
1,082,348
1,178,299
1,477,483
14,773
25,808
592,127
583,542
146,393
143,839
Total loans/leases
6,823,167
6,854,386
(90,354)
(87,706)
CRE loans are predominantly included within the CRE – owner occupied, CRE – non-owner occupied, construction and land development and multi-family loan classes, however, CRE loans can also be included in 1-4 family based on nature of the loan. As CRE loans have historically been the Company's largest portfolio segment, management places a strong emphasis on the underwriting and monitoring of the characteristics and composition of the Company's CRE loan portfolio. For example, management tracks the level of owner-occupied CRE loans relative to non-owner-occupied loans because owner-occupied loans are generally considered to have less risk. Additionally, the Company reviews CRE concentrations by industry in relation to risk-based capital on a quarterly basis. Approximately 45% of the CRE loan portfolio consists of LIHTC loans, all of which are performing and all of which are pass rated.
Historically, the Company structures most residential real estate loans to conform to the underwriting requirements of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae to allow the subsidiary banks to resell the loans on the secondary market to avoid the interest rate risk associated with longer term fixed rate loans and to recognize noninterest income from the gain on sale. Loans originated for this purpose were classified as held for sale and are included in the residential real estate loans in the table above. Historically, the subsidiary banks structure most loans that will not conform to the underwriting requirements of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae as adjustable-rate mortgages that mature or adjust in one to five years, and then retain these loans in their respective portfolios. The Company also holds 15-year fixed rate residential real estate loans originated in prior years that met certain credit guidelines. The Company has not originated any subprime, Alt-A, no documentation, or stated income residential real estate loans throughout its history.
The following is a listing of significant industries within the Company's CRE loan portfolio. These include loans in the following portfolio segments as of June 30, 2025: CRE owner occupied, CRE non-owner occupied, certain construction and land development, multifamily and certain 1-4 family real estate. Within the CRE Loan portfolio, there is a low amount of office exposure, totaling $222.6 million or 3.2% of total loans at June 30, 2025.
As of June 30,
As of March 31,
As of December 31,
Lessors of residential buildings - LIHTC
2,057,244
1,936,708
1,778,488
1,918,245
Lessors of nonresidential buildings
701,754
683,846
679,480
628,783
Lessors of residential buildings - non LIHTC
507,213
499,645
535,671
444,631
Hotels
131,404
136,990
141,005
137,485
New housing for-sale builders
69,926
68,617
71,437
83,929
Other *
1,149,458
1,126,551
1,134,201
1,261,727
Other - LIHTC
1,442
1,447
19,468
Total CRE loans
4,618,441
4,453,804
4,341,734
4,494,268
* “Other” consists of all other industries. None of these had concentrations greater than $66.0 million, or approximately 1.4% of total CRE loans in the most recent period presented.
The following table reflects credit quality indicators and performance of the Company’s CRE loan portfolio:
Delinquency Status*
4,517,284
4,366,351
350
4,366,701
4,248,186
52,551
35,017
34,835
37,672
10,934
48,606
42,652
9,434
52,086
41,955
16,758
58,713
0
4,607,507
4,444,020
9,784
4,324,976
As a percentage of total CRE portfolio
99.76
0.24
99.78
0.22
99.61
0.39
* Performing = CRE loans accruing and less than 90 days past due. Nonperforming = CRE loans on nonaccrual and accruing CRE loans that are greater than or equal to 90 days past due.
56
The Company’s construction and land development loan portfolio includes the following:
LIHTC construction
1,075,000
1,016,207
917,986
750,894
Construction (commercial)
366,303
316,916
312,288
268,435
Land development
78,530
78,550
72,644
52,787
Construction (non-commercial residential)
9,189
7,535
(0)
10,625
10,232
Total construction and land development
The Company's 1-4 family real estate loan portfolio includes the following:
The remaining 1-4 family real estate loans originated by the Company were sold on the secondary market to avoid the interest rate risk associated with longer term fixed rate loans and to recognize noninterest income from the gain on sale. Loans originated for this purpose were classified as held for sale and are included in the residential real estate loans above.
Following is a listing of significant equipment types within the m2 loan and lease portfolio:
Trucks, Vans and Vocational Vehicles
57,120
65,197
81,575
85,537
Construction - General
20,003
22,700
25,559
25,591
Trailers
14,624
17,267
21,638
23,032
Tractor
14,082
15,849
20,353
21,280
Computer Equipment
13,883
15,052
17,765
18,623
Food Processing Equipment
12,578
13,920
14,829
15,059
Manufacturing - General
11,577
13,405
17,490
18,900
Marine - Travelifts
10,733
11,556
13,574
14,368
Freightliners
8,811
11,231
15,478
17,891
Manufacturing - CNC
6,904
7,695
8,558
9,824
79,702
91,111
116,441
113,793
Total m2 loans and leases
284,983
353,260
363,898
* “Other” consists of all other equipment types. None of these had concentrations greater than 3% of total m2 loan and lease portfolio in the most recent period presented.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's loan and lease portfolio.
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS/LEASES AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET EXPOSURES
The adequacy of the ACL was determined by management based on numerous factors, including the overall composition of the loan/lease portfolio, types of loans/leases, historical loss experience, loan/lease delinquencies, potential substandard and doubtful credits, economic conditions, collateral positions, government guarantees and other factors that, in management's judgment, deserved evaluation. To ensure that an adequate ACL was maintained, provisions were made based on a number of factors, including the increase in loans/leases and a detailed analysis of the loan/lease portfolio. The loan/lease portfolio is reviewed and analyzed quarterly with specific detailed reviews completed on all credits risk-rated less than “fair quality,” and carrying aggregate exposure in excess of $250 thousand. The adequacy of the allowance is monitored by the credit administration staff and reported to management and the board of directors.
Changes in the ACL for loans/leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are presented as follows:
Change in ACL for the transfer of loans to LHFS
Changes in the ACL for OBS exposures for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are presented as follows:
The Company recorded a provision on credit losses related to OBS exposures in the second quarter of 2025 of negative $624 thousand driven by a decrease in the balance of unfunded commitments. At June 30, 2025, the allowance for OBS exposures was $7.1 million.
The Company's levels of criticized and classified loans are reported in the following table:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating *
68,621
55,327
73,636
85,096
Substandard/Classified loans***
81,040
85,033
84,930
80,345
Doubtful/Classified loans***
Criticized Loans **
149,661
140,360
158,566
165,441
Criticized Loans as a % of Total Loans/Leases
2.16
2.41
Classified Loans as a % of Total Loans/Leases
1.17
1.25
* Amounts above include the government guaranteed portion, if any. For the calculation of ACL, the Company assigns internal risk ratings of Pass (Rating 2) for the government guaranteed portion.
** Criticized loans are defined as loans except for direct financing leases and equipment financing agreements with internally assigned risk ratings of 9, 10, or 11, regardless of performance.
*** Classified loans are defined as loans except for direct financing leases and equipment financing agreements with internally assigned risk ratings of 10 or 11, regardless of performance.
Criticized loans as a percentage of loans and leases increased 0.10% while classified loans as a percentage of loans and leases decreased 0.08% from March 31, 2025 to June 30, 2025 due to some classified loans that were upgraded and some pass credits that were downgraded. Both criticized and classified loans as a percentage of loans and leases decreased from December 31, 2024 to June 30, 2025 due to the payoff of a large credit that was also an NPA. The Company continues its strong focus on improving credit quality in an effort to limit NPLs.
The following table summarizes the trend in allowance as a percentage of gross loans/leases and as a percentage of NPLs:
ACL for loans/leases / Total loans/leases held for investment
1.28
1.32
ACL for loans/leases / NPLs
208.84
189.76
202.57
260.77
Although management believes that the ACL at June 30, 2025 was at a level adequate to absorb losses on existing loans/leases, there can be no assurance that such losses will not exceed the estimated amounts or that the Company will not be required to make additional provisions in the future. Unpredictable future events could adversely affect cash flows for both commercial and individual borrowers, which could cause the Company to experience increases in problem assets, delinquencies and losses on loans/leases, and require further increases in the provision for credit losses. Asset quality is a priority for the Company. The ability to grow profitably is in part dependent upon the ability to maintain that quality. The Company continually focuses efforts at its subsidiary banks and equipment financing company with the intention to improve the overall quality of the Company's loan/lease portfolio.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's ACL.
NONPERFORMING ASSETS
The table below presents the amount of NPAs and related ratios:
Nonaccrual loans/leases (1)
47,259
33,546
Accruing loans/leases past due 90 days or more
356
87
47,615
33,633
402
512
Other repossessed assets
113
122
369
Total NPAs
42,664
48,139
45,554
34,514
NPLs to total loans/leases
0.70
0.65
0.49
NPAs to total loans/leases plus repossessed property
0.62
0.71
0.67
0.50
NPAs to total assets
0.46
0.53
Nonaccrual loans/leases to total loans/leases
0.69
ACL to nonaccrual loans
191.19
224.15
261.45
NPAs at June 30, 2025 were $42.7 million, a decrease of $5.5 million from March 31, 2025, and an increase of $8.2 million from June 30, 2024. The decrease in NPAs during the quarter was driven by payoffs and charge-offs. The ratio of NPAs to total assets was 0.46% at June 30, 2025, a decrease from 0.53% at March 31, 2025, and an increase from 0.39% at June 30, 2024.
The majority of the NPAs consist of nonaccrual loans/leases. For nonaccrual loans/leases, management has thoroughly reviewed these loans/leases and has provided specific allowances as appropriate.
OREO and other repossessed assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
The policy of the Company is to place a loan/lease on nonaccrual status if: (a) payment in full of interest or principal is not expected; or (b) principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more unless the obligation is both in the process of collection and well secured. A loan/lease is well secured if it is secured by collateral with sufficient market value to repay principal and all accrued interest. A debt is in the process of collection if collection of the debt is proceeding in due course either through legal action, including judgment enforcement procedures, or in appropriate circumstances, through collection efforts not involving legal action which are reasonably expected to result in repayment of the debt or in its restoration to current status.
The Company's lending/leasing practices remain unchanged and asset quality remains a top priority for management.
DEPOSITS
Following the robust deposit growth of $276.2 million in the first quarter of 2025, total deposits decreased by $19.0 million during the second quarter of 2025.
The table below presents the composition of the Company's deposit portfolio:
Noninterest bearing demand deposits
963,851
956,445
Interest bearing demand deposits
5,087,783
5,119,601
4,828,216
4,644,918
974,341
951,606
953,496
859,593
Brokered deposits
304,197
302,332
358,315
303,711
The Company actively participates in the ICS/CDARS program, which is a trusted resource that provides FDIC insurance coverage for clients that maintain larger deposit balances. Deposits in the ICS/CDARS program (which are included in interest-bearing deposits and time deposits in the preceding table) totaled $2.4 billion, or 32.8% of all deposits, as of June 30, 2025.
The Company’s correspondent bank deposit portfolio and funds managed consists of the following:
The Company had total uninsured and uncollateralized deposits of $1.5 billion and $1.2 billion as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Management will continue to focus on growing its core deposit portfolio, including its correspondent banking business at QCBT, as well as shifting the mix from brokered and other higher cost deposits to lower cost core deposits. With the significant success achieved by QCBT in growing its correspondent banking business, QCBT has developed procedures to proactively monitor this industry concentration of deposits and loans. Other deposit-related industry concentrations and large accounts are monitored by the internal asset liability management committees.
BORROWINGS
The subsidiary banks purchase federal funds for short-term funding needs from the FRB or from their correspondent banks. The table below presents the composition of the Company's short-term borrowings:
Federal funds purchased
2,050
1,600
The Company's federal funds purchased fluctuate based on the short-term funding needs of the Company's subsidiary banks.
As a result of their memberships in the FHLB of Des Moines, the subsidiary banks have the ability to borrow funds for short or long-term purposes under a variety of programs. The subsidiary banks can utilize FHLB advances for loan matching as a hedge against the possibility of changing interest rates and when these advances provide a less costly or more readily available source of funds than customer deposits.
The table below presents the Company's FHLB advances as of the periods indicated:
Term FHLB advances
145,383
135,000
Overnight FHLB advances
80,000
140,000
350,000
485,000
The Company had no change in term FHLB advances from March 31, 2025 to June 30, 2025. The Company had an increase in overnight FHLB advances of $80.0 million from March 31, 2025 to June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily due to strong loan and investment growth resulting in higher funding needs during the second quarter of 2025. The Company had a decrease in overnight FHLB advances of $60.0 million from December 31, 2024 to June 30, 2025 due to deposit growth.
It is management's intention to reduce its reliance on wholesale funding, including FHLB advances and brokered deposits. Replacement of this funding with core deposits helps to reduce interest expense as wholesale funding tends to be higher cost. However, the Company may choose to utilize advances and/or brokered deposits to supplement funding needs, as this is a way for the Company to effectively and efficiently manage interest rate risk.
The table below presents the maturity schedule including weighted average interest cost for the Company's combined wholesale funding portfolio (defined as FHLB advances and brokered deposits):
Weighted
Maturity:
Amount Due
Interest Rate
Year ending December 31:
150,341
4.52
338,462
4.59
2026
127,457
4.45
53,240
4.91
2027
87,317
87,358
2028
97,581
4.29
97,639
2029
66,884
66,999
Thereafter
Total Wholesale Funding
529,580
4.30
643,698
4.42
During the first six months of 2025, wholesale funding decreased $114.1 million due to strong loan growth.
The Company renewed its revolving credit note in the second quarter of 2025. At renewal, the available amount under the line of credit increased from $50.0 million to $60.0 million for which there was no outstanding balance as of June 30, 2025. Interest on the revolving line of credit is calculated at the greater of: (a) the effective Prime Rate less 0.50% or (b) 3.00% per annum. The collateral on the revolving line of credit is 100% of the outstanding stock of the Company’s bank subsidiaries.
The Company had subordinated notes totaling $233.7 million and $233.3 million as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
The Company had junior subordinated debentures totaling $48.9 million and $48.8 million as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
The table below presents the composition of the Company's stockholders' equity:
Common stock
Additional paid in capital
AOCI
TCE / TA ratio (non-GAAP)*
9.55
* TCE/TA ratio is defined as total common stockholders' equity excluding goodwill and other intangibles divided by total assets. This ratio is a non-GAAP financial measure. See GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations.
As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, no preferred stock was outstanding.
On May 19, 2022, the board of directors of the Company approved a share repurchase program under which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time as the Company deems appropriate, up to 1,500,000 shares of its outstanding common stock, or approximately 10% of the outstanding shares as of December 31, 2021. The share repurchase program does not have an expiration date. No shares were repurchased during the first six months of 2025. There were 760,915 shares of common stock remaining for repurchase under the stock repurchase program as of June 30, 2025. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any shares of its common stock, and other than repurchases that have been completed to date, there is no assurance that the Company will do so. Under the stock repurchase program, the Company may repurchase shares of common stock from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The number, timing and price of shares repurchased will depend on a number of factors, including business and market conditions, regulatory requirements, availability of funds, and other factors, including opportunities to deploy the Company's capital. The Company may, in its discretion, begin, suspend or terminate repurchases at any time prior to the program’s expiration, without any prior notice.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity measures the ability of the Company to meet maturing obligations and its existing commitments, to withstand fluctuations in deposit levels, to fund its operations, and to provide for customer credit needs. The Company monitors liquidity risk through contingency planning stress testing on a regular basis. The Company seeks to avoid an over-concentration of funding sources and to establish and maintain contingent funding facilities that can be drawn upon if normal funding sources become unavailable. One source of liquidity is cash and short-term assets, such as interest-bearing deposits in other banks and federal funds sold, which totaled $250.5 million and $194.4 million at June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company’s on-balance sheet liquidity position can fluctuate based on short-term activity in deposits and loans.
The subsidiary banks have a variety of sources of short-term liquidity available to them, including federal funds purchased from correspondent banks, FHLB advances, wholesale structured repurchase agreements, brokered deposits, lines of credit, borrowing at the Federal Reserve Discount Window, sales of securities AFS, and loan/lease participations or sales. The Company also generates liquidity from the regular principal payments and prepayments made on its loan/lease portfolio and on the regular monthly payments on its securities portfolio.
At June 30, 2025, the subsidiary banks had 26 lines of credit totaling $1.2 billion with upstream correspondent banks, of which $764.6 million was secured and $440.8 million was unsecured. At June 30, 2025, the Company had the full $1.2 billion available under these lines of credit.
At December 31, 2024, the subsidiary banks had 27 lines of credit totaling $1.2 billion, of which $746.7 million was secured and $450.8 million was unsecured. At December 31, 2024, $1.2 billion was available under these lines of credit.
The Company has emphasized growing the number and amount of available lines of credit in an effort to strengthen this contingent source of liquidity. Additionally, the Company maintains a $60.0 million secured revolving credit note with a variable interest rate and a maturity of June 30, 2026. At June 30, 2025, the full $60.0 million was available.
As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $1.0 billion in actual correspondent banking deposits spread over 189 relationships. While the Company believes that these funds are relatively stable, there is the potential for large fluctuations that can impact liquidity. Seasonality and the liquidity needs of these correspondent banks can impact balances. Management closely monitors these fluctuations and runs stress scenarios to measure the impact on liquidity and interest rate risk with various levels of correspondent deposit run-off.
Investing activities used cash of $220.1 million during the first six months of 2025, compared to $332.8 million for the same period of 2024. The net decrease in federal funds sold was $150 thousand for the first six months of 2025, compared to a net decrease of $27.3 million for the same period of 2024. The net decrease in interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions was $24.7 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to $10.8 million for the same period of 2024. Proceeds from calls, maturities, and paydowns of securities were $48.6 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to $34.0 million for the same period of 2024. Purchases of securities used cash of $119.9 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to $65.8 million for the same period of 2024. There were no proceeds from the sale of securities for the first six months of 2025, compared to proceeds of $445 thousand for the same period of 2024. The net increase in loans/leases used cash of $149.8 million for the first six months of 2025 compared to a net increase in loans of $319.8 million for the same period of 2024.
Financing activities provided cash of $194.4 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to $298.8 million for same period of 2024. Net increases in deposits totaled $257.2 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to net increases in deposits of $250.7 million for the same period of 2024. During the first six months of 2025, the Company's short-term borrowings decreased $450 thousand, compared to an increase in short-term borrowings of $100 thousand for the same period of 2024. Net decrease in overnight advances totaled $60.0 million for the first six months of 2025 as compared to net increase of $50.0 million for the same period of 2024.
Total cash provided by operating activities was $38.7 million for the first six months of 2025, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $29.1 million for the same period of 2024.
Throughout its history, the Company has secured additional capital through various sources, including the issuance of common and preferred stock, as well as trust preferred securities and subordinated notes.
The Company had two LIHTC securitization that closed in 2024. LIHTC securitizations may continue to be an ongoing tool in managing liquidity and capital. Refer to Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these securitizations.
As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the subsidiary banks remained “well-capitalized” in accordance with regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking authorities. Refer to Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding regulatory capital.
SPECIAL NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document (including information incorporated by reference) contains, and future oral and written statements of the Company and its management may contain, forward-looking statements, within the meaning of such term in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of the Company. Forward-looking statements, which may be based upon beliefs, expectations and assumptions of the Company's management and on information currently available to management, are generally identifiable by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “bode,” “predict,” “suggest,” “project,” “appear,” “plan,” “intend,” “estimate,” “annualize,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “likely,” “might,” “potential,” “continue,” “annualized,” “target,” “outlook,” as well as the negative forms of those words or other similar expressions. Additionally, all statements in this document, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any statement in light of new information or future events.
The Company's ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on the operations and future prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries include, but are not limited to, the following:
These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. For a discussion of the factors that could have a material adverse effect on the operations and future prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, see the “Risk Factors” section included under Item 1A. of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company, like other financial institutions, is subject to direct and indirect market risk. Direct market risk exists from changes in interest rates. The Company's net income is dependent on its net interest income. Net interest income is susceptible to interest rate risk to the degree that interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice on a different basis than interest-earning assets. When interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice more quickly than interest-earning assets in a given period, a significant increase in market rates of interest could adversely affect net interest income. Similarly, when interest-earning assets mature or reprice more quickly than interest-bearing liabilities, falling interest rates could result in a decrease in net interest income.
In an attempt to manage the Company's exposure to changes in interest rates, management monitors the Company's interest rate risk. Each subsidiary bank has an asset/liability management committee of the board of directors that meets quarterly to review the bank's interest rate risk position and profitability, and to make or recommend adjustments for consideration by the full board of each bank.
Internal asset/liability management teams, consisting of members of the subsidiary banks’ management, meet bi-weekly to manage the mix of assets and liabilities to maximize earnings and liquidity and minimize interest rate and other risks. Management also reviews the subsidiary banks' securities portfolios, formulates investment strategies, and oversees the timing and implementation of transactions to assure attainment of the board's objectives in an effective manner. Notwithstanding the Company's interest rate risk management activities, the potential for changing interest rates is an uncertainty that can have an adverse effect on net income.
In adjusting the Company's asset/liability position, the board of directors and management attempt to manage the Company's interest rate risk while maintaining or enhancing net interest margins. At times, depending on the level of general interest rates, the relationship between long-term and short-term interest rates, market conditions and competitive factors, the board of directors and management may decide to increase the Company's interest rate risk position somewhat in order to increase its net interest margin. The Company's results of operations and net portfolio values remain vulnerable to increases in interest rates and to fluctuations in the difference between long-term and short-term interest rates.
One method used to quantify interest rate risk is a short-term earnings at risk summary, which is a detailed and dynamic simulation model used to quantify the estimated exposure of net interest income to sustained interest rate changes. This simulation model captures the impact of changing interest rates on the interest income received and interest expense paid on all interest sensitive assets and liabilities reflected on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. This sensitivity analysis demonstrates net interest income exposure annually over a five-year horizon, assuming no balance sheet growth, no balance sheet mix change, and various interest rate scenarios including no change in rates; 100, 200, 300, and 400 basis point upward and downward shifts; where interest-bearing assets and liabilities reprice at their earliest possible repricing date.
The model assumes parallel and pro rata shifts in interest rates over a twelve-month period for the 100, 200 and 300 basis point upward and downward shifts. For the 400 basis point upward shift, the model assumes a parallel and pro rata shift in interest rates over a twenty-four month period.
Further, in recent years, the Company added additional interest rate scenarios where interest rates experience a parallel and instantaneous shift (a “shock”) upward and downward of 100, 200, 300, and 400 basis points. The Company will run additional interest rate scenarios on an as-needed basis.
The asset/liability management committees of the subsidiary bank boards of directors have established policy limits of a 10% decline in net interest income for the 200-basis point upward and downward parallel shift. For the 300 basis point upward and downward shock, the established policy limit is a 30% decline in net interest income. The increased policy limit is appropriate as the shock scenario is extreme and unlikely and warrants a higher limit than the more realistic and traditional parallel/pro-rata shift scenarios.
Application of the simulation model analysis for select interest rate scenarios at the most recent quarter-end available is presented in the following table:
NET INTEREST INCOME EXPOSURE IN YEAR 1
INTEREST RATE SCENARIO
POLICY LIMIT
300 basis point downward parallel shock
(30.0)
2.5
4.8
200 basis point downward parallel shift
(10.0)
1.5
200 basis point upward parallel shift
(3.2)
300 basis point upward parallel shock
(4.8)
(9.2)
With the shift in funding from non-interest bearing and lower beta deposits to higher beta deposits, the Company’s balance sheet is now moderately liability sensitive. Notably, management is conservative with the repricing assumptions on loans and deposits. For example, management does not model any delay in loan and deposit betas despite historical experience and practice of delays in deposit betas. Additionally, management does not model mix shift or growth in its standard scenarios which can be impactful. As an alternative, management runs separate scenarios to capture the impact on delayed beta performance and various shifts in mix of loans and deposits. Finally, management models a variety of scenarios including some that stress key assumptions to help capture and isolate the impact of the management’s more conservative approach to the assumptions in the base model.
The simulation is within the board-established policy limits for all four scenarios. Additionally, for all of the various interest rate scenarios modeled and measured by management (as described above), the results at June 30, 2025 were within established risk tolerances as established by policy or by best practice (if the interest rate scenario didn't have a specific policy limit).
Interest rate risk is considered to be one of the most significant market risks affecting the Company. For that reason, the Company engages the assistance of a national consulting firm and its risk management system to monitor and control the Company's interest rate risk exposure. Other types of market risk, such as foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity price risk, do not arise in the normal course of the Company's business activities.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act of 1934) as of June 30, 2025. Based on that evaluation, the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of the end of the period covered by this report, to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed and submitted under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There have been no significant changes to the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 Legal Proceedings
There are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to their respective businesses.
Item 1A Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in the risk factors applicable to the Company from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Please refer to that section of the Company’s Form 10-K for disclosures regarding the risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s business.
Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On May 19, 2022, the board of directors of the Company approved a share repurchase program under which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time as the Company deems appropriate, up to 1,500,000 shares of its outstanding common stock, or approximately 10% of the outstanding shares as of December 31, 2021. The share repurchase program does not have an expiration date. There were no shares repurchased under the share repurchase program during the first six months of 2025.
Item 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable
Item 5 Other Information
During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2025, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted or terminated a contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule10b5-1(c) or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.
Item 6 Exhibits
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Inline XBRL Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024; (v) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024; and (vi) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104
Inline XBRL cover page interactive data file pursuant to Rule 406 of Regulation S-T for the interactive data files referenced in Exhibit 101.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
(Registrant)
Date
August 8, 2025
/s/ Todd A. Gipple
Todd A. Gipple
President & Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Nick W. Anderson
Nick W. Anderson
Chief Financial Officer
/s/ Brittany N. Whitfield
Brittany N. Whitfield
Chief Accounting Officer