ConocoPhillips - 10-Q quarterly report FY

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [x] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [x] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [x]

ConocoPhillips had 1,482,903,059 shares of common stock, $.01 par value, outstanding at June 30, 2009.

 

SFAS No. 165
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 165, “Subsequent Events.” This Statement establishes the accounting for, and disclosure of, material events that occur after the balance sheet date, but before the financial statements are issued. In general, these events will be recognized if the condition existed at the date of the balance sheet, and will not be recognized if the condition did not exist at the balance sheet date. Disclosure is required for nonrecognized events if required to keep the financial statements from being misleading. The guidance in this Statement is very similar to current guidance provided in auditing literature and, therefore, will not result in significant changes in practice. Subsequent events have been evaluated through the date our interim financial statements were issued—the filing time and date of our second-quarter 2009 Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

SFAS No. 141 (Revised)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised), “Business Combinations” (SFAS No. 141(R)), which was subsequently amended by FASB Staff Position (FSP) FAS 141(R)-1 in April 2009. This Statement applies prospectively to all transactions in which an entity obtains control of one or more other businesses on or after January 1, 2009. In general, SFAS No. 141(R) requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize the fair value of all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction; establishes the acquisition date as the fair value measurement point; and modifies disclosure requirements. It also modifies the accounting treatment for transaction costs, in-process research and development, restructuring costs, changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances as a result of a business combination, and changes in income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date. Additionally, effective January 1, 2009, accounting for changes in valuation allowances for acquired deferred tax assets and the resolution of uncertain tax positions for prior business combinations impact tax expense instead of goodwill.

SFAS No. 160
Effective January 1, 2009, we implemented SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—an amendment of ARB No. 51,” which requires noncontrolling interests, previously called minority interests, to be presented as a separate item in the equity section of the consolidated balance sheet. It also requires the amount of consolidated net income attributable to noncontrolling interests to be clearly presented on the face of the consolidated income statement. Additionally, this Statement clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions, and that deconsolidation of a subsidiary requires gain or loss recognition in net income based on the fair value on the deconsolidation date. This Statement was applied prospectively with the exception of presentation and disclosure requirements, which were applied retrospectively for all periods presented, and did not significantly change the presentation of our consolidated financial statements. Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests did not change materially from year-end 2008 to June 30, 2009.

SFAS No. 161
Effective January 1, 2009, we implemented SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB No. 133.” This Statement does not affect amounts reported in the financial statements; it only expands the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” to provide greater transparency for derivative instruments within the scope of that Statement. Disclosures previously required only for the annual financial statements are now required in interim financial statements. In addition, we now must include an indication of the volume of derivative activity by category (e.g., interest rate, commodity and foreign currency); derivative gains and losses, by category, for the periods presented in the financial statements; and expanded disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features. See Note 13—Financial Instruments and Derivative Contracts, for additional information.

SFAS No. 157
Effective January 1, 2008, we implemented SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” which defines fair value, establishes a framework for its measurement and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. We elected to implement this Statement with the one-year deferral permitted by FSP FAS 157-2 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities measured at fair value, except those that are recognized or disclosed on a recurring basis (at least annually). Following the one-year deferral permitted by FSP FAS 157-2, effective January 1, 2009, we implemented SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The implementation covers assets and liabilities measured at fair value in a business combination; impaired properties, plants and equipment, intangible assets and goodwill; initial recognition of asset retirement obligations; and restructuring costs for which we use fair value. In the first six months of 2009, we did not have a business combination, impairment of goodwill or intangible asset, or restructuring accrual requiring the use of fair value. Because there usually is a lack of quoted market prices for long-lived assets, the fair value of properties, plants and equipment is determined based on the present values of expected future cash flows using inputs reflecting our estimate of a number of variables used by industry participants when valuing similar assets, or based on a multiple of operating cash flow validated with historical market transactions of similar assets where possible. Fair value used in the initial recognition of asset retirement obligations is determined based on the present value of expected future dismantlement costs incorporating our estimate of inputs used by industry participants when valuing similar liabilities. There was no impact to our consolidated financial statements from the implementation of this Statement for nonfinancial assets and liabilities, and we do not expect any significant impact to our future consolidated financial statements, other than additional disclosures.

EITF No. 08-6
In November 2008, the FASB reached a consensus on Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 08-6, “Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations” (EITF 08-6), which was issued to clarify how the application of equity method accounting is affected by SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160. EITF 08-6 clarifies that an entity shall continue to use the cost accumulation model for its equity method investments. It also confirms past accounting practices related to the treatment of contingent consideration and the use of the impairment model under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.” Additionally, it requires an equity method investor to account for a share issuance by an investee as if the investor had sold a proportionate share of the investment. This Issue was effective January 1, 2009, and applies prospectively.

We hold significant variable interests in VIEs that have not been consolidated because we are not considered the primary beneficiary. Information on these VIEs follows.

We own a 24 percent interest in West2East Pipeline LLC, a company holding a 100 percent interest in Rockies Express Pipeline LLC, operated by Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P. Rockies Express is constructing a natural gas pipeline from Colorado to Ohio. West2East is a VIE because a third party has a 49 percent voting interest through the end of the construction of the pipeline, but has no ownership interest. This third party was originally involved in the project, but exited and retained its voting interest to ensure project completion. We have no voting interest during the construction phase, but once the pipeline has been completed, our ownership will increase to 25 percent with a voting interest of 25 percent. Additionally, we have contracted for approximately 22 percent of the pipeline capacity for a 10-year period once the pipeline becomes operational. Construction commenced on the pipeline in 2006. The operator anticipates construction completion in late 2009 and estimates total construction costs of approximately $6.7 billion. Our portion is expected to be funded by a combination of equity contributions and a guarantee of debt incurred by Rockies Express. Given our 24 percent ownership and the fact expected returns are shared among the equity holders in proportion to ownership, we are not the primary beneficiary. We use the equity method of accounting for our investment. At June 30, 2009, the book value of our investment in West2East was $437 million. Construction cost estimates have increased significantly from original projections, and additional increases or other changes related to the investment may impact whether an other-than-temporary impairment of our equity investment in West2East is required.

We have a 30 percent ownership interest with a 50 percent governance interest in the OOO Naryanmarneftegaz (NMNG) joint venture to develop resources in the Timan-Pechora province of Russia. The NMNG joint venture is a VIE because we and a related party, OAO LUKOIL, have disproportionate interests. When related parties are involved in a VIE, reasonable judgment should take into account the relevant facts and circumstances for the determination of the primary beneficiary. The activities of NMNG are more closely aligned with LUKOIL because they share Russia as a home country, and LUKOIL conducts extensive exploration activities in the same province. Additionally, there are no financial guarantees given by LUKOIL or us, and LUKOIL owns 70 percent, versus our 30 percent direct interest. As a result, we have determined we are not the primary beneficiary of NMNG, and we use the equity method of accounting for this investment. The funding of NMNG has been provided with equity contributions, primarily for the development of the Yuzhno Khylchuyu (YK) Field. Initial production from YK was achieved in June 2008. At June 30, 2009, the book value of our investment in the venture was $2,061 million.

Production from the NMNG joint venture fields is transported via pipeline to LUKOIL’s terminal at Varandey Bay on the Barents Sea and then shipped via tanker to international markets. LUKOIL completed an expansion of the terminal’s gross oil-throughput capacity from 30,000 barrels per day to 240,000 barrels per day, with us participating in the design and financing of the expansion. The terminal entity, Varandey Terminal Company, is a VIE because we and LUKOIL have disproportionate interests. We had an obligation to fund, through loans, 30 percent of the terminal’s expansion costs, but have no governance or direct ownership interest in the terminal. Similar to NMNG, we determined we are not the primary beneficiary for Varandey because of LUKOIL’s ownership, the activities are in LUKOIL’s home country, and LUKOIL is the operator of Varandey. We account for our loan to Varandey as a financial asset. Terminal expansion was completed in June 2008, and the final loan amount was $271 million at June 2009 exchange rates, excluding accrued interest. Although repayments are not required to start until May 2010, beginning in the second half of 2008 and through June 30, 2009, Varandey used available cash to pay $40 million of interest. The outstanding accrued interest at June 30, 2009, was $23 million at June 2009 exchange rates.

We have an agreement with Freeport LNG Development, L.P. (Freeport LNG) to participate in a liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving terminal in Quintana, Texas. We have no ownership in Freeport LNG; however, we own a 50 percent interest in Freeport LNG GP, Inc. (Freeport GP), which serves as the general partner managing the venture. We entered into a credit agreement with Freeport LNG, whereby we agreed to provide loan financing for the construction of the terminal. We also entered into a long-term agreement with Freeport

LNG to use 0.9 billion cubic feet per day of regasification capacity. The terminal became operational in June 2008, and we began making payments under the terminal use agreement. In August 2008, the loan was converted from a construction loan to a term loan and consisted of $650 million in loan financing and $124 million of accrued interest. Freeport LNG began making loan repayments in September 2008, and the loan balance outstanding as of June 30, 2009, was $737 million. Freeport LNG is a VIE because Freeport GP holds no equity in Freeport LNG, and the limited partners of Freeport LNG do not have any substantive decision making ability. We performed an analysis of the expected losses and determined we are not the primary beneficiary. This expected loss analysis took into account that the credit support arrangement requires Freeport LNG to maintain sufficient commercial insurance to mitigate any loan losses. The loan to Freeport LNG is accounted for as a financial asset, and our investment in Freeport GP is accounted for as an equity investment.

In the case of Ashford Energy Capital S.A., we consolidate this entity in our financial statements because we are the primary beneficiary of this VIE based on an analysis of the variability of the expected losses and expected residual returns. In December 2001, in order to raise funds for general corporate purposes, ConocoPhillips and Cold Spring Finance S.a.r.l. formed Ashford through the contribution of a $1 billion ConocoPhillips subsidiary promissory note and $500 million cash by Cold Spring. Through its initial $500 million investment, Cold Spring is entitled to a cumulative annual preferred return consisting of 1.32 percent plus a three-month LIBOR rate set at the beginning of each quarter. The preferred return at June 30, 2009, was 2.51 percent. Also on that date, Ashford held $2.1 billion of ConocoPhillips subsidiary notes and $28 million in investments unrelated to ConocoPhillips. We report Cold Spring’s investment as a noncontrolling interest because it is not mandatorily redeemable, and the entity does not have a specified liquidation date. Other than the obligation to make payment on the subsidiary notes described above, Cold Spring does not have recourse to our general credit. On July 15, 2009, Ashford agreed to redeem the investment in Ashford held by Cold Spring. The difference between the redemption amount and the carrying value of the investment was not material.

Inventories consisted of the following:

In June 2009, we signed an agreement to sell our remaining interest in the Keystone Pipeline to TransCanada Corporation. Subject to final regulatory approvals, the transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of this year. As a result, at June 30, 2009, we reclassified $505 million from “Investments and long-term receivables” to “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on our consolidated balance sheet, and recorded a

LUKOIL
Our ownership interest in LUKOIL was 20 percent at June 30, 2009, based on 851 million shares authorized and issued. For financial reporting under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), treasury shares held by LUKOIL are not considered outstanding for determining our equity method ownership interest in LUKOIL. Our ownership interest, based on estimated shares outstanding, was 20.09 percent at June 30, 2009.

At June 30, 2009, the book value of our ordinary share investment in LUKOIL was $5,913 million. Our 20 percent share of the net assets of LUKOIL was estimated to be $10,471 million. A majority of this negative basis difference of $4,558 million is being amortized on a straight-line basis over a 22-year useful life as an increase to equity earnings. On June 30, 2009, the closing price of LUKOIL shares on the London Stock Exchange was $44.37 per share, making the total market value of our LUKOIL investment $7,548 million.

Because LUKOIL’s accounting cycle close and preparation of U.S. GAAP financial statements occur subsequent to our reporting deadline, our equity earnings are estimated based on current market indicators, publicly available LUKOIL information and other objective data. Once the difference between actual and estimated results is known, an adjustment is recorded. Net income attributable to ConocoPhillips for the second quarter of 2009 included a $192 million positive alignment of our first-quarter estimate of LUKOIL’s results to LUKOIL’s reported results.

Loans to Related Parties
As part of our normal ongoing business operations and consistent with industry practice, we invest and enter into numerous agreements with other parties to pursue business opportunities, which share costs and apportion risks among the parties as governed by the agreements. Included in such activity are loans made to certain affiliated companies. Significant loans to affiliated companies at June 30, 2009, included the following:

The long-term portion of these loans are included in the “Loans and advances—related parties” line on the consolidated balance sheet, while the short-term portion is in “Accounts and notes receivable—related parties.”

We have investments remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis to support certain nonqualified deferred compensation plans. The fair value of these assets at June 30, 2009, was $312 million, and substantially the entire value is categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

Our investment in properties, plants and equipment (PP&E), with accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (Accum. DD&A), was:

Expropriated Assets
In April 2008, we initiated arbitration before the World Bank’s International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) against The Republic of Ecuador and PetroEcuador (collectively, Respondents) as a result of the government’s confiscatory fiscal measures enacted through the Windfall Profits Tax Law, implemented in 2006 and 2007, and the government-mandated renegotiation of our production sharing contracts into service agreements with inferior fiscal and legal terms. In February 2009, PetroEcuador issued notices to seize oil production from Blocks 7 and 21 as part of Ecuador’s efforts to collect prior alleged unpaid taxes owed under the disputed Windfall Profits Tax Law. In March 2009, the ICSID Tribunal granted a temporary restraining order that commanded the Respondents to refrain from any conduct that aggravates the dispute between the parties or alters the status quo. However, the Respondents ignored the order, confiscated approximately 470,000 net barrels of crude oil and attempted to sell it through a public auction. In the second quarter of 2009, the ICSID Tribunal heard our motion for provisional measures and issued a second decision that ordered the Respondents to refrain from confiscating future production until a final decision has been rendered in the pending arbitration. The Respondents also ignored this decision by the Tribunal, continued to confiscate our crude oil production and sold the illegally seized crude oil to PetroEcuador at a 50 percent discount off the market value. As a result, our assets in Ecuador have been effectively expropriated.

In February 2009, we issued $1.5 billion of 4.75% Notes due 2014, $2.25 billion of 5.75% Notes due 2019, and $2.25 billion of 6.50% Notes due 2039. In addition, in May 2009, we issued $1.5 billion of 4.60% Notes due 2015, $1.0 billion of 6.00% Notes due 2020 and $500 million of 6.50% Notes due 2039. The proceeds from the notes were primarily used to reduce outstanding commercial paper balances and for general corporate purposes.

During the first six months of 2009, we used proceeds from the issuance of commercial paper to redeem $284 million of 6.375% Notes and $950 million of Floating Rate Notes upon their maturity.

At June 30, 2009, we had a $7.35 billion revolving credit facility, which expires in September 2012. The facility may be used as direct bank borrowings, as support for the ConocoPhillips $5.6 billion commercial paper program, as support for the ConocoPhillips Qatar Funding Ltd. $1.5 billion commercial paper program, as support for issuances of letters of credit totaling up to $750 million, or as support for up to $250 million of commercial paper issued by TransCanada Keystone Pipeline LP, a Keystone Pipeline joint venture entity. At both June 30, 2009, and December 31, 2008, we had no outstanding borrowings under the credit facility, but $40 million in letters of credit had been issued. Under both ConocoPhillips commercial paper programs, $2,211 million of commercial paper was outstanding at June 30, 2009, compared with $6,933 million at December 31, 2008.

Since we had $2,211 million of commercial paper outstanding, had issued $40 million of letters of credit and had up to a $250 million guarantee on commercial paper issued by Keystone, we had access to $4.8 billion in borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility at June 30, 2009.

Also at June 30, 2009, we classified $2,278 million of short-term debt as long-term debt, based on our ability and intent to refinance the obligation on a long-term basis under our revolving credit facility.

In July 2009, we arranged a new $500 million credit facility, which expires in July 2012, bringing our total borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facilities to $7.85 billion.

We are obligated to contribute $7.5 billion, plus interest, over a 10-year period, beginning in 2007, to FCCL Partnership. Quarterly principal and interest payments of $237 million began in the second quarter of 2007 and will continue until the balance is paid. Of the principal obligation amount, approximately $642 million was short-term and was included in the “Accounts payable—related parties” line on our June 30, 2009, consolidated balance sheet. The principal portion of these payments, which totaled $309 million in the first six months of 2009, are included in the “Other” line in the financing activities section of our consolidated statement of cash flows. Interest accrues at a fixed annual rate of 5.3 percent on the unpaid principal balance. Fifty percent of the quarterly interest payment is reflected as a capital contribution and is included in the “Capital expenditures and investments” line on our consolidated statement of cash flows.

At June 30, 2009, we were liable for certain contingent obligations under various contractual arrangements as described below. We recognize a liability, at inception, for the fair value of our obligation as a guarantor for newly issued or modified guarantees. Unless the carrying amount of the liability is noted below, we have not recognized a liability either because the guarantees were issued prior to December 31, 2002, or because the fair value of the obligation is immaterial. In addition, unless otherwise stated we are not currently performing with any significance under the guarantee and expect future performance to be either immaterial or have only a remote chance of occurrence.

Indemnifications
Over the years, we have entered into various agreements to sell ownership interests in certain corporations, joint ventures and assets that gave rise to qualifying indemnifications. Agreements associated with these sales include indemnifications for taxes, environmental liabilities, permits and licenses, employee claims, real estate indemnity against tenant defaults, and litigation. The terms of these indemnifications vary greatly. The majority of these indemnifications are related to environmental issues, the term is generally indefinite and the maximum amount of future payments is generally unlimited. The carrying amount recorded for these indemnifications at June 30, 2009, was $464 million. We amortize the indemnification liability over the relevant time period, if one exists, based on the facts and circumstances surrounding each type of indemnity.

In cases where the indemnification term is indefinite, we will reverse the liability when we have information the liability is essentially relieved or amortize the liability over an appropriate time period as the fair value of our indemnification exposure declines. Although it is reasonably possible future payments may exceed amounts recorded, due to the nature of the indemnifications, it is not possible to make a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount of future payments. Included in the recorded carrying amount were $260 million of environmental accruals for known contamination that are included in asset retirement obligations and accrued environmental costs at June 30, 2009. For additional information about environmental liabilities, see Note 12—Contingencies and Commitments.

In the case of all known contingencies (other than those related to income taxes), we accrue a liability when the loss is probable and the amount is reasonably estimable. If a range of amounts can be reasonably estimated and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, then the minimum of the range is accrued. We do not reduce these liabilities for potential insurance or third-party recoveries. If applicable, we accrue receivables for probable insurance or other third-party recoveries. In the case of income-tax-related contingencies, we use a cumulative probability-weighted loss accrual in cases where sustaining a tax position is less than certain.

Based on currently available information, we believe it is remote that future costs related to known contingent liability exposures will exceed current accruals by an amount that would have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements. As we learn new facts concerning contingencies, we reassess our position both with respect to accrued liabilities and other potential exposures. Estimates particularly sensitive to future changes include contingent liabilities recorded for environmental remediation, tax and legal matters. Estimated future environmental remediation costs are subject to change due to such factors as the uncertain magnitude of cleanup costs, the unknown time and extent of such remedial actions that may be required, and the determination of our liability in proportion to that of other responsible parties. Estimated future costs related to tax and legal matters are subject to change as events evolve and as additional information becomes available during the administrative and litigation processes.

Environmental
We are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These may result in obligations to remove or mitigate the effects on the environment of the placement, storage, disposal or release of certain chemical, mineral and petroleum substances at various sites. When we prepare our consolidated financial statements, we record accruals for environmental liabilities based on management’s best estimates, using all information available at the time. We measure estimates and base liabilities on currently available facts, existing technology, and presently enacted laws and regulations, taking into account stakeholder and business considerations. When measuring environmental liabilities, we also consider our prior experience in remediation of contaminated sites, other companies’ cleanup experience, and data released by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other organizations. We consider unasserted claims in our determination of environmental liabilities, and we accrue them in the period they are both probable and reasonably estimable.

Although liability of those potentially responsible for environmental remediation costs is generally joint and several for federal sites and frequently so for state sites, we are usually only one of many companies cited at a particular site. Due to the joint and several liabilities, we could be responsible for all cleanup costs related to any site at which we have been designated a potentially responsible party. If we were solely responsible, the costs, in some cases, could be material to our results of operations, capital resources or liquidity, or to those of one of our segments. However, settlements and costs incurred in matters that previously have been resolved have not been material to our results of operations or financial condition. We have been successful to date in sharing cleanup costs with other financially sound companies. Many of the sites at which we are potentially responsible are still under investigation by the EPA or the state agencies concerned. Prior to actual cleanup, those potentially responsible normally assess site conditions, apportion responsibility and determine the appropriate remediation. In some instances, we may have no liability or may attain a settlement of liability.

Where it appears other potentially responsible parties may be financially unable to bear their proportional share, we consider this inability in estimating our potential liability, and we adjust our accruals accordingly.

As a result of various acquisitions in the past, we assumed certain environmental obligations. Some of these environmental obligations are mitigated by indemnifications made by others for our benefit, and some of the indemnifications are subject to dollar limits and time limits. We have not recorded accruals for any potential contingent liabilities that we expect to be funded by the prior owners under these indemnifications.

We are currently participating in environmental assessments and cleanups at numerous federal Superfund and comparable state sites. After an assessment of environmental exposures for cleanup and other costs, we make accruals on an undiscounted basis (except for those acquired in a purchase business combination, which we record on a discounted basis) for planned investigation and remediation activities for sites where it is probable future costs will be incurred and these costs can be reasonably estimated. At June 30, 2009, our consolidated balance sheet included a total environmental accrual of $972 million, compared with $979 million at December 31, 2008. We expect to incur the majority of these expenditures within the next 30 years. We have not reduced these accruals for possible insurance recoveries. In the future, we may be involved in additional environmental assessments, cleanups and proceedings.

Legal Proceedings
Our legal organization applies its knowledge, experience and professional judgment to the specific characteristics of our cases, employing a litigation management process to manage and monitor the legal proceedings against us. Our process facilitates the early evaluation and quantification of potential exposures in individual cases. This process also enables us to track those cases which have been scheduled for trial, as well as the pace of settlement discussions in individual matters. Based on professional judgment and experience in using these litigation management tools and available information about current developments in our cases, our legal organization believes there is a remote likelihood future costs related to known contingent liability exposures will exceed current accruals by an amount that would have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Other Contingencies
We have contingent liabilities resulting from throughput agreements with pipeline and processing companies not associated with financing arrangements. Under these agreements, we may be required to provide any such company with additional funds through advances and penalties for fees related to throughput capacity not utilized. In addition, at June 30, 2009, we had performance obligations secured by letters of credit of $1,689 million (of which $40 million was issued under the provisions of our revolving credit facility, and the remainder was issued as direct bank letters of credit) related to various purchase commitments for materials, supplies, services and items of permanent investment incident to the ordinary conduct of business.

Derivative Instruments
We use financial and commodity-based derivative contracts to manage exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates, or to exploit market opportunities. Since we are not currently using hedge accounting, all gains and losses, realized or unrealized, from derivative contracts have been recognized in the consolidated income statement. Gains and losses from derivative contracts held for trading not directly related to our physical business, whether realized or unrealized, have been reported net in other income.

Purchase and sales contracts for commodities that are readily convertible to cash (e.g., crude oil, natural gas and gasoline) are recorded on the balance sheet as derivatives unless the contracts are for quantities we expect to use or sell over a reasonable period in the normal course of business (i.e., contracts eligible for the normal purchases and normal sales exception). We record most of our contracts to buy or sell natural gas as derivatives, but we do apply the normal purchases and normal sales exception to certain long-term contracts to sell our natural gas production. We generally apply this normal purchases and normal sales exception to

eligible crude oil and refined product commodity purchase and sales contracts; however, we may elect not to apply this exception (e.g., when another derivative instrument will be used to mitigate the risk of the purchase or sale contract but hedge accounting will not be applied, in which case both the purchase or sales contract and the derivative contract mitigating the resulting risk will be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value).

We value our exchange-cleared derivatives using closing prices provided by the exchange as of the balance sheet date, and these are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Over-the-counter (OTC) financial swaps and physical commodity forward purchase and sale contracts are generally valued using quotations provided by brokers and price index developers such as Platts and Oil Price Information Service. These quotes are corroborated with market data and are classified as Level 2. In certain less liquid markets or for longer-term contracts, forward prices are not as readily available. In these circumstances, OTC swaps and physical commodity purchase and sale contracts are valued using internally developed methodologies that consider historical relationships among various commodities that result in management’s best estimate of fair value. These contracts are classified as Level 3.

Exchange-cleared financial options are valued using exchange closing prices and are classified as Level 1. Financial OTC and physical commodity options are valued using industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors, and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. The degree to which these inputs are observable in the forward markets determines whether the options are classified as Level 2 or 3.

We use a mid-market pricing convention (the mid-point between bid and ask prices). When appropriate, valuations are adjusted to reflect credit considerations, generally based on available market evidence.

The fair value hierarchy for our derivative assets and liabilities accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis was:

The fair value of net commodity derivatives classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy changed as follows:

Commodity Derivative Contracts—We operate in the worldwide crude oil, refined product, natural gas, natural gas liquids and electric power markets and are exposed to fluctuations in the prices for these commodities. These fluctuations can affect our revenues as well as the cost of our operating, investing and financing activities. Generally, our policy is to remain exposed to the market prices of commodities. However, we use futures, forwards, swaps and options in various markets to balance physical systems, meet customer needs, manage price exposures on specific transactions, and do a limited, immaterial amount of trading not directly related to our physical business. These activities may move our risk profile away from market average prices.

The fair value of commodity derivative assets and liabilities at June 30, 2009, and the line items where they appear on our consolidated balance sheet were:

The gains (losses) from commodity derivatives incurred during the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2009, and the line items where they appear on our consolidated income statement were:

Currency Exchange Rate Derivative Contracts—We have foreign currency exchange rate risk resulting from international operations. We do not comprehensively hedge the exposure to movements in currency exchange rates, although we may choose to selectively hedge certain foreign currency exchange rate exposures, such as firm commitments for capital projects or local currency tax payments and dividends.

The fair value of foreign currency derivative assets and liabilities open at June 30, 2009, and the line items where they appear on our consolidated balance sheet were:

The impacts from foreign currency derivatives during the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2009, and the line item where they appear on our consolidated income statement were:

Our financial instruments that are potentially exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, over-the-counter derivative contracts and trade receivables. Our cash equivalents are placed in high-quality commercial paper, money market funds and time deposits with major international banks and financial institutions.

The credit risk from our over-the-counter derivative contracts, such as forwards and swaps, derives from the counterparty to the transaction, typically a major bank or financial institution. Individual counterparty exposure is managed within predetermined credit limits and includes the use of cash-call margins when appropriate, thereby reducing the risk of significant nonperformance. We also use futures contracts, but futures have a negligible credit risk because they are traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange or the ICE Futures.

Certain of our derivative instruments contain provisions that require us to post collateral if the derivative exposure exceeds a threshold amount. We have contracts with fixed threshold amounts and other contracts with variable threshold amounts that are contingent on our credit rating. The variable threshold amounts typically decline for lower credit ratings, while both the variable and fixed threshold amounts typically revert to zero if we fall below investment grade. Cash is the primary collateral in all contracts; however, many also permit us to post letters of credit as collateral.

The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with such credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position on June 30, 2009, was $406 million, for which we posted $15 million in collateral in the normal course of business. If our credit rating were lowered one level from its “A” rating (per Standard and Poors) on June 30, 2009, we would be required to post no additional collateral to our counterparties. If we were downgraded below investment grade, we would be required to post $391 million of additional collateral, either in the form of cash or letters of credit.

We used the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of financial instruments:

Certain of our commodity derivative and financial instruments at June 30, 2009, were:

ConocoPhillips’ comprehensive income was as follows:

As a result of the current business environment’s impact on our operating and capital plans, a reduction in our overall employee work force is occurring during 2009. Various business units and staff groups recorded accruals in the fourth quarter of 2008 for severance and related employee benefits totaling $162 million. The following table summarizes our severance accrual activity:

Significant transactions with related parties were:

We have organized our reporting structure based on the grouping of similar products and services, resulting in six operating segments:

Corporate and Other includes general corporate overhead, most interest expense and various other corporate activities. Corporate assets include all cash and cash equivalents. We evaluate performance and allocate resources based on net income attributable to ConocoPhillips. Intersegment sales are at prices that approximate market.

Our effective tax rate for the second quarter and first six months of 2009 was 45 percent and 51 percent, respectively, compared with 44 percent and 45 percent for the same two periods of 2008. The change in the effective tax rate for the first six months of 2009, compared with the same period of 2008, was primarily due to a higher proportion of income in higher tax jurisdictions in 2009. The effective tax rate in excess of the domestic federal statutory rate of 35 percent was primarily due to foreign taxes.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140.” This Statement removes the concept of a qualifying special purpose entity (SPE) from SFAS No. 140 and the exception for qualifying SPEs from the consolidation guidance of FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (FIN 46(R)). Additionally, the Statement clarifies the requirements for financial asset transfers eligible for sale accounting. This Statement is effective January 1, 2010, and we do not expect any significant impact to our consolidated financial statements.

Also in June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R),” which amends FIN 46(R) to address the effects of the elimination of the qualifying SPE concept in SFAS No. 166, and other concerns about the application of key provisions of
FIN 46(R). More specifically, SFAS No. 167 requires a qualitative rather than a quantitative approach to determine the primary beneficiary of a VIE, it amends certain guidance pertaining to the determination of the primary beneficiary when related parties are involved, and it amends certain guidance for determining whether an entity is a VIE. Additionally, this Statement requires continuous assessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. This Statement is effective January 1, 2010. We are currently evaluating the impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles—a replacement of FASB Statement 162,” in late June 2009. The FASB Accounting Standards Codification will become the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and will supersede all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards on the effective date, September 15, 2009. The Codification will not change GAAP, but consolidates it into a logical and consistent structure. We will be required to revise our references to GAAP in our financial statements beginning with the third quarter of 2009.

In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets,” to improve the transparency associated with disclosures about the plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. This FSP requires the disclosure of each major asset category at fair value using the fair value hierarchy in SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” This FSP is effective for annual financial statements beginning with the 2009 fiscal year, but will not impact our consolidated financial statements, other than requiring additional disclosures.

We have various cross guarantees among ConocoPhillips, ConocoPhillips Company, ConocoPhillips Australia Funding Company, ConocoPhillips Canada Funding Company I, and ConocoPhillips Canada Funding Company II, with respect to publicly held debt securities. ConocoPhillips Company is wholly owned by ConocoPhillips. ConocoPhillips Australia Funding Company is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of ConocoPhillips Company. ConocoPhillips Canada Funding Company I and ConocoPhillips Canada Funding Company II are indirect, wholly owned subsidiaries of ConocoPhillips. ConocoPhillips and ConocoPhillips Company have fully and unconditionally guaranteed the payment obligations of ConocoPhillips Australia Funding Company, ConocoPhillips Canada Funding Company I, and ConocoPhillips Canada Funding Company II, with respect to their publicly held debt securities. Similarly, ConocoPhillips has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the payment obligations of ConocoPhillips Company with respect to its publicly held debt securities. In addition, ConocoPhillips Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the payment obligations of ConocoPhillips with respect to its publicly held debt securities. All guarantees are joint and several. The following condensed consolidating financial information presents the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for:

This condensed consolidating financial information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes.