Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☑
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
CommissionFile Number
Exact Name of Registrantas specified in its charter
State or Other Jurisdiction ofIncorporation or Organization
IRS EmployerIdentification Number
1-9936
EDISON INTERNATIONAL
California
95-4137452
1-2313
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON COMPANY
95-1240335
2244 Walnut Grove Avenue
(P.O. Box 976)
(P.O. Box 800)
Rosemead, California 91770
(Address of principal executive offices)
(626) 302-2222
(626) 302-1212
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Edison International:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par value
EIX
NYSE LLC
Southern California Edison Company: None.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Edison International
Yes ☑ No ☐
Southern California Edison Company
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-12 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer
Accelerated Filer
Non-accelerated Filer
Smaller Reporting Company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☑
Yes☐ No ☑
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Common Stock outstanding as of July 21, 2022:
381,431,985 Shares
434,888,104 Shares
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SEC Form 10-Q
Reference Number
GLOSSARY
iv
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
1
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
4
Part I, Item 2
MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Highlights of Operating Results
Cost of Capital Applications
5
Capital Program
6
Southern California Wildfires and Mudslides
7
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
9
Three months ended June 30, 2022 versus June 30, 2021
10
Earning Activities
Cost-Recovery Activities
11
Six months ended June 30, 2022 versus June 30, 2021
12
14
Supplemental Operating Revenue Information
Income Taxes
Edison International Parent and Other
15
Loss from Operations
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Available Liquidity
16
Regulatory Proceedings
Capital Investment Plan
18
SCE Dividends
Margin and Collateral Deposits
19
Net Operating Loss and Tax Credit Carryforwards
20
Historical Cash Flows
24
Contingencies
MARKET RISK EXPOSURES
Commodity Price Risk
i
Credit Risk
25
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND POLICIES
NEW ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Part I, Item 3
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
26
Part I, Item 1
Edison International Consolidated Statements of Income
Edison International Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
27
Edison International Consolidated Balance Sheets
28
Edison International Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
30
SCE Consolidated Statements of Income
31
SCE Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
SCE Consolidated Balance Sheets
32
SCE Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
34
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
35
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 2. Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
39
Note 3. Variable Interest Entities
42
Note 4. Fair Value Measurements
44
Note 5. Debt and Credit Agreements
47
Note 6. Derivative Instruments
49
Note 7. Revenue
51
Note 8. Income Taxes
52
Note 9. Compensation and Benefit Plans
54
Note 10. Investments
55
Note 11. Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
56
Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies
59
Note 13. Equity
69
Note 14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Note 15. Other Income
70
Note 16. Supplemental Cash Flows Information
Note 17. Related-Party Transactions
71
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
72
Part I, Item 4
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Jointly Owned Utility Plant
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Part II, Item 1
2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events
Environmental Proceedings
73
ii
EXHIBITS
74
Part II, Item 6
SIGNATURES
76
This is a combined Form 10-Q separately filed by Edison International and Southern California Edison Company. Information contained herein relating to an individual company is filed by such company on its own behalf.
iii
The following terms and abbreviations appearing in the text of this report have the meanings indicated below.
the Thomas Fire, the Koenigstein Fire, the Montecito Mudslides and the Woolsey Fire, collectively
2021 Form 10-K
Edison International's and SCE's combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021
AB 1054
California Assembly Bill 1054, executed by the governor of California on July 12, 2019
AB 1054 Excluded Capital Expenditures
approximately $1.6 billion in wildfire risk mitigation capital expenditures that SCE has excluded from the equity portion of SCE's rate base as required under AB 1054
AB 1054 Liability Cap
a cap on the aggregate requirement to reimburse the Wildfire Insurance Fund over a trailing three calendar year period which applies if certain conditions are met and is equal to 20% of the equity portion of the utility's transmission and distribution rate base, excluding general plant and intangibles, in the year of the applicable prudency determination
ARO(s)
asset retirement obligation(s)
BRRBA
Base Revenue Requirement Balancing Account
CAISO
California Independent System Operator
Capital Structure Compliance Period
January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022, the current compliance period for SCE's CPUC authorized capital structure
CAPP
California Arrearage Payment Program
CCAs
community choice aggregators which are cities, counties, and certain other public agencies with the authority to generate and/or purchase electricity for their local residents and businesses
CCC
California Coastal Commission
CDP
Coastal Development Permit
CEMA
Catastrophic Event Memorandum Accounts
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019
CPUC
California Public Utilities Commission
CSRP
Customer Service Re-platform, a SCE project to implement a new customer service system
Edison Energy
Edison Energy, LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Edison International, is engaged in the competitive business of providing integrated decarbonization and energy solutions to commercial, institutional and industrial customers
EIS
Edison Insurance Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Edison International, is licensed to provide insurance to Edison International and its subsidiaries.
Electric Service Provider
an entity that offers electric power and ancillary services to retail customers, other than electrical corporations (like SCE) and CCAs
ERRA
Energy Resource Recovery Account
FERC
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
FHPMA
Fire Hazard Prevention Memorandum Account
Fitch
Fitch Ratings, Inc.
GAAP
generally accepted accounting principles
GHG
greenhouse gas
GRC
general rate case
GS&RP
Grid Safety and Resiliency Program
Koenigstein Fire
a wind-driven fire that originated near Koenigstein Road in the City of Santa Paula in Ventura County, California, on December 4, 2017
Local Public Entity Settlements
settlements entered into in the fourth quarter of 2019 under which SCE paid $360 million to a number of local public entities to resolve those parties' collective claims arising from the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events
MD&A
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Montecito Mudslides
the debris flows and flooding in Montecito, Santa Barbara County, California, that occurred in January 2018
Moody's
Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
NERC
North American Electric Reliability Corporation
NRC
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
OEIS
Office of Energy Infrastructure Safety of the California Natural Resources Agency
PABA
Portfolio Allocation Balancing Account
Palo Verde
nuclear electric generating facility located near Phoenix, Arizona in which SCE holds a 15.8% ownership interest
PBOP(s)
postretirement benefits other than pension(s)
PG&E
Pacific Gas & Electric Company
PSPS
Public Safety Power Shutoff(s)
ROE
return on common equity
RPS
California's Renewables Portfolio Standard
S&P
Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC
San Onofre
retired nuclear generating facility located in south San Clemente, California in which SCE holds a 78.21% ownership interest
SCE
Southern California Edison Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Edison International
SCE Recovery Funding LLC
a bankruptcy remote, wholly owned special purpose subsidiary, consolidated by SCE
SDG&E
San Diego Gas & Electric
SEC
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
SED
Safety and Enforcement Division of the CPUC
SED Agreement
An agreement dated October 21, 2021 between SCE and the SED
Thomas Fire
a wind-driven fire that originated in the Anlauf Canyon area of Ventura County, California, on December 4, 2017
TKM
collectively, the Thomas Fire, the Koenigstein Fire and the Montecito Mudslides
TKM Subrogation Plaintiffs
the plaintiffs party to the TKM Subrogation Settlement, representing all the insurance subrogation plaintiffs in the TKM litigation at the time of the settlement
TKM Subrogation Settlement
a settlement entered into by Edison International and SCE in September 2020 in the TKM litigation to which the TKM Subrogation Plaintiffs are party
WCCP
Wildfire Covered Conductor Program
WEMA
Wildfire Expense Memorandum Account
WMP
a wildfire mitigation plan required to be filed under AB 1054 to describe a utility's plans to construct, operate, and maintain electrical lines and equipment that will help minimize the risk of catastrophic wildfires caused by such electrical lines and equipment
Wildfire Insurance Fund
the insurance fund established under AB 1054
Woolsey Fire
a wind-driven fire that originated in Ventura County in November 2018
Woolsey Subrogation Plaintiffs
the plaintiffs party to the Woolsey Subrogation Settlement, representing all the insurance subrogation plaintiffs in the Woolsey Fire litigation at the time of the settlement
Woolsey Subrogation Settlement
a settlement entered into by Edison International and SCE in January 2021 in the Woolsey litigation to which the Woolsey Subrogation Plaintiffs are party
v
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements reflect Edison International's and SCE's current expectations and projections about future events based on Edison International's and SCE's knowledge of present facts and circumstances and assumptions about future events and include any statements that do not directly relate to a historical or current fact. Other information distributed by Edison International and SCE that is incorporated in this report, or that refers to or incorporates this report, may also contain forward-looking statements. In this report and elsewhere, the words "expects," "believes," "anticipates," "estimates," "projects," "intends," "plans," "probable," "may," "will," "could," "would," "should," and variations of such words and similar expressions, or discussions of strategy or plans, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements necessarily involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated. Some of the risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause results to differ from those currently expected, or that otherwise could impact Edison International and SCE, include, but are not limited to the:
2
Additional information about risks and uncertainties, including more detail about the factors described in this report, is contained throughout this report and in the 2021 Form 10-K, including the "Risk Factors" section. Readers are urged to read this entire report, including information incorporated by reference, as well as the 2021 Form 10-K, and carefully consider the risks, uncertainties, and other factors that affect Edison International's and SCE's businesses. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and neither Edison International nor SCE are obligated to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements. Readers should review future reports filed by Edison International and SCE with the SEC. Edison International and SCE post or provide direct links to (i) certain SCE and other parties' regulatory filings and documents with the CPUC and the FERC and certain agency rulings and notices in open proceedings in a section titled "SCE Regulatory Highlights," (ii) certain documents and information related to Southern California wildfires which may be of interest to investors in a section titled "Southern California Wildfires," and (iii) presentations, documents and information that may be of interest to investors in a section titled "Presentations and Updates" at www.edisoninvestor.com in order to publicly disseminate such information. The reports, presentations, documents and information contained on, or connected to, the Edison investor website are not deemed part of, and are not incorporated by reference into, this report.
The MD&A for the six months ended June 30, 2022 discusses material changes in the consolidated financial condition, results of operations and other developments of Edison International and SCE since December 31, 2021 and as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. This discussion presumes that the reader has read or has access to Edison International's and SCE's MD&A for the calendar year 2021 (the "2021 MD&A"), which was included in the 2021 Form 10-K.
Except when otherwise stated, references to each of Edison International or SCE mean each such company with its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. References to "Edison International Parent and Other" mean Edison International Parent and its subsidiaries other than SCE and its subsidiaries and "Edison International Parent" mean Edison International on a stand-alone basis, not consolidated with its subsidiaries. Unless otherwise described, all the information contained in this report relates to both filers.
3
Edison International is the ultimate parent holding company of SCE and Edison Energy. SCE is an investor-owned public utility primarily engaged in the business of supplying and delivering electricity to an approximately 50,000 square mile area of southern California. Edison Energy is engaged in the competitive business of providing integrated decarbonization and energy solutions to commercial, institutional and industrial customers. Edison Energy's business activities are currently not material to report as a separate business segment.
Three months ended
Six months ended
June 30,
(in millions)
2022
2021
Change
Net income (loss) attributable to Edison International
$
302
359
(57)
449
655
(206)
(61)
(41)
(20)
(124)
(78)
(46)
241
318
(77)
325
577
(252)
Less: Non-core items
2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events claims and expenses, net of recoveries
(6)
—
(291)
(10)
(281)
Wildfire Insurance Fund expense
(38)
(39)
(76)
CSRP impairment
(34)
Employment litigation matter, net of recoveries
(16)
GRC track 3 impairment
(12)
Organizational realignment charge
Sale of San Onofre nuclear fuel
(7)
Total non-core items
(116)
(439)
(80)
(359)
Core earnings (losses)
418
397
21
888
735
153
357
356
764
657
107
Edison International's earnings are prepared in accordance with GAAP. Management uses core earnings (losses) internally for financial planning and for analysis of performance. Core earnings (losses) are also used when communicating with investors and analysts regarding Edison International's earnings results to facilitate comparisons of the company's performance from period to period. Core earnings (losses) are a non-GAAP financial measure and may not be comparable to those of other companies. Core earnings (losses) are defined as earnings attributable to Edison International shareholders less non-core items. Non-core items include income or loss from discontinued operations and income or loss from significant discrete items that management does not consider representative of ongoing earnings, such as write downs, asset impairments and other income and expense related to changes in law, outcomes in tax, regulatory or legal proceedings, and exit activities, including sale of certain assets and other activities that are no longer continuing.
Edison International's second quarter 2022 earnings decreased $77 million from the second quarter of 2021, resulting from a decrease in SCE's earnings of $57 million and an increase in Edison International Parent and Other's losses of $20 million. SCE's lower net income consisted of $78 million of higher non-core losses and $21 million of higher core earnings. Edison International's earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2022 decreased $252 million from the six months ended June 30, 2021, resulting from a decrease in SCE's earnings of $206 million and an increase in Edison International Parent and Other's
losses of $46 million. SCE's lower earnings consisted of $359 million of higher non-core losses and $153 million of higher core earnings.
The increase in SCE's core earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 from the same periods in 2021 was primarily due to the adoption of the 2021 GRC final decision in the third quarter of 2021, partially offset by higher operation and maintenance expenses. The year-to-date variance was also due to higher interest expense from increased borrowings.
The increase in Edison International Parent and Other's core losses for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 was primarily due to higher preferred dividends and unrealized losses on investment in 2022 compared to unrealized gains in 2021.
Consolidated non-core items for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 primarily included:
See "Results of Operations" for discussion of SCE's and Edison International Parent and Other's results of operations.
As discussed in the 2021 Form 10-K, in August 2021, SCE filed an application with the CPUC for authority to establish its authorized cost of capital for utility operations for 2022 and to reset the related annual cost of capital mechanism that can adjust the authorized cost of capital between SCE's cost of capital proceedings based on changes in Moody's utility bond rate index (see "Business—SCE—Overview of Ratemaking Process" in the 2021 Form 10-K for further information on the adjustment mechanism). In December 2021, the CPUC set an initial phase for the proceeding to determine whether extraordinary circumstances warrant a departure from the cost of capital mechanism for 2022 and, if so, whether the CPUC should leave the cost of capital components at pre-2022 levels for the year 2022 or open a second phase to consider alternative proposals. The outcome of the proceeding is uncertain. In the absence of a decision SCE is currently recording revenue using the pre-2022 cost of capital, subject to refund. If the CPUC ultimately finds that the cost of capital mechanism
adjustment should have been implemented effective January 1, 2022, revenue recorded in the first six months of 2022 would be reduced by approximately $85 million.
On April 20, 2022, SCE filed its application with the CPUC for authority to establish its authorized cost of capital for utility operations for a three-year term beginning in 2023 and to reset the related annual cost of capital adjustment mechanism. In its application, SCE seeks a return on common equity (ROE) of 10.53% (compared to its last authorized ROE of 10.30%), a cost of long-term debt of 4.27%, and a cost of preferred equity of 5.72%. SCE also seeks to maintain its current authorized capital structure, after CPUC-allowed exclusions, of 52% common equity, 43% long-term debt, and 5% preferred equity. Based on the capital structure and cost factors discussed above, SCE's weighted average return on rate base would be 7.60% for 2023. Additionally SCE has proposed that memorandum and balancing accounts required to be amortized over periods of greater than twelve months should accrue carrying charges at SCE's weighted average cost of capital rather than commercial paper interest rates, which are only applicable to short-term borrowing. If approved, based on SCE's 2021 GRC, including the post-test year ratemaking mechanism, this application would increase SCE's revenue requirements for 2023 by approximately $13 million compared to the cost of capital currently in rates. In July 2022, the CPUC set a schedule for the 2023 cost of capital proceeding that would result in a proposed decision in the fourth quarter of 2022.
Total capital expenditures (including accruals) were $2.6 billion and $2.3 billion for the first six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
SCE's capital expenditure forecast reflects planned CPUC-jurisdictional spending including amounts requested in SCE's GRC track 4 filing, WCCP and other programs outlined in SCE's WMP that are above amounts authorized in the 2021 GRC, CPUC-approved utility owned storage expenditures and planned FERC capital expenditures. See "Liquidity and Capital Resources—SCE—Regulatory Proceedings" for more information on the GRC track 4 filing.
Potential capital spending variability associated with future regulatory requests based on management judgment, potential for permitting delays and other operational considerations is reflected in the range case below. The completion of projects, the timing of expenditures, and the associated cost recovery may be affected by permitting requirements and delays, construction schedules, availability of labor, equipment and materials, financing, legal and regulatory approvals and developments, community requests or protests, weather and other unforeseen conditions.
SCE's 2022 – 2024 forecast for major capital expenditures is set forth in the table below:
Total
(in billions)
2023
2024
2022 – 2024
Traditional capital expenditures
Distribution1
4.5
3.7
3.9
12.1
Transmission
0.5
0.6
1.6
Generation
0.1
0.2
Subtotal
5.1
4.6
14.2
Wildfire mitigation-related capital expenditures
1.1
3.3
Total capital expenditures
6.2
5.6
5.7
17.5
Total capital expenditures using range case discussed above
6.0
5.2
16.4
SCE expects to make additional CPUC capital expenditures, the recovery of which will be subject to future regulatory approval. This includes expenditures from the 2025 GRC and non-GRC programs including the Building Electrification Program. These capital expenditures and expected FERC capital expenditures, excluded from the table above, are expected to be in a range of approximately $5.2 billion to $6.8 billion between 2024 and 2025.
Reflected below is SCE's weighted average annual rate base for 2022 – 2024 incorporating authorized CPUC-jurisdictional expenditures including utility owned storage, planned FERC capital expenditures, and planned non-GRC projects or programs.
Rate base for expected capital expenditures
38.7
42.1
44.5
Rate base for expected capital expenditures using range case discussed above
38.5
41.5
43.6
Including programs outlined in SCE's WMP subject to future cost recovery proceedings, rate base associated with wildfire restoration capital expenditures subject to future CEMA applications, and planned expenditures from the 2025 GRC, SCE's weighted average annual rate base could be up to $44.8 billion in 2024 and is expected to be between $46.6 billion and $49.4 billion in 2025.
Utility Owned Storage Projects
In October 2021, SCE contracted with Ameresco, Inc. ("Ameresco") for the construction of utility owned energy storage projects at three sites in SCE's service territory with an aggregate capacity of 537.5 MW and an in-service date of August 1, 2022.
In April 2022, SCE received a force majeure event notice from Ameresco in which Ameresco asserted that both manufacturing delays related to COVID-19 shut-downs in China and new shipping restrictions imposed by Chinese governmental authorities were then impacting the supply of batteries from China necessary for timely completion of the projects. SCE is continuing to evaluate the force majeure event notice. If there is a valid force majeure event under the contracts with Ameresco, subject to certain conditions, the project schedules and any related triggers of liquidated damages may be extended and the contract prices may be increased to account for the impact of the force majeure event.
Supply chain issues, permitting delays and engineering issues are impacting the projects, and the most recent project schedules provided by Ameresco show delays to the projects' anticipated in-service dates. Ameresco has advised SCE that it currently expects between 200 MW and 300 MW of capacity could be in-service in September 2022 and the remaining capacity will likely be in-service by the end of 2022.
SCE is entitled to liquidated damages under the terms of the contracts if, subject to any relief provided under the contracts, including any relief for a valid force majeure event, Ameresco does not achieve an in-service date of August 1, 2022. Once triggered, liquidated damages accrue daily for up to 60 days up to a maximum of $89 million in aggregate for all three projects.
Subject to reductions for any liquidated damages SCE is paid, SCE currently expects these storage projects to result in $1.0 billion of capital expenditures. In December 2021, the CPUC approved recovery of these expenditures and establishment of a balancing account for the associated revenue requirement, which have been reflected in rates beginning in the first quarter of 2022. Authorized revenue requirements will be included in the annual ERRA review proceeding and can only be disallowed upon a finding that SCE failed to prudently administer the contracts.
As discussed in the 2021 Form 10-K, multiple lawsuits and investigations related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events have been initiated against SCE and Edison International. As of June 30, 2022, in addition to the Local Public Entity Settlement, the TKM Subrogation Settlement and the Woolsey Subrogation Settlement, SCE had entered into settlements with approximately 8,000 individual plaintiffs in the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation. In addition, while SCE and the SED executed the SED Agreement in October 2021, SCE's obligations under the SED Agreement will only commence after CPUC approval of the SED Agreement is final and non-appealable.
Through June 30, 2022, Edison International and SCE have recorded total pre-tax charges of $7.9 billion, expected recoveries from insurance of $2.0 billion and expected recoveries through FERC electric rates of $326 million related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. The after-tax net charges to earnings recorded through June 30, 2022 have been $4.0 billion.
As of June 30, 2022, SCE had paid $6.9 billion under executed settlements and had $86 million to be paid under executed settlements related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. As of the same date, SCE had recovered $2.0 billion through insurance and approximately $192 million through FERC-jurisdictional electric rates.
After giving effect to all payment obligations under settlements entered into through June 30, 2022, Edison International's and SCE's best estimate of expected losses for remaining alleged and potential claims related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events and for the SED Agreement was $0.9 billion. As of the same date, Edison International and SCE had assets for expected recoveries through FERC electric rates of $134 million on their consolidated balance sheets and had exhausted expected insurance recoveries related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. Edison International and SCE may incur a material loss in excess of amounts accrued in connection with the remaining alleged and potential claims related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events.
SCE will seek rate recovery of prudently-incurred actual losses and related costs realized in connection with the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events in excess of available insurance, other than for any obligations under the SED Agreement. Based on Edison International's and SCE's current best estimate of expected losses for the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events, SCE currently expects to seek CPUC-jurisdictional rate recovery of over $5 billion by filing multiple future applications with the CPUC, the first of which SCE anticipates filing in 2023. These filings may be delayed if proceedings related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events do not progress as anticipated. SCE believes that, in light of the CPUC's decision in a cost recovery proceeding involving SDG&E arising from several 2007 wildfires in SDG&E's service area, there is substantial uncertainty regarding how the CPUC will interpret and apply its prudency standard to an investor-owned utility in wildfire cost-recovery proceedings for fires ignited prior to July 12, 2019. Accordingly, while the CPUC has not made a determination regarding SCE's prudency relative to any of the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events, SCE is unable to conclude, at this time, that uninsured CPUC-jurisdictional wildfire-related costs are probable of recovery through electric rates.
As discussed in the 2020 10-K, SCE uses PSPS to proactively de-energize power lines as a last resort to mitigate the risk of catastrophic wildfires during extreme weather events. The CPUC may assess penalties on SCE if it finds that SCE has not executed PSPS in compliance with applicable rules and regulations. In June 2022, the SED issued an Administrative Enforcement Order against SCE proposing penalties of $10 million for noncompliance with customer notification requirements related to PSPS events in 2020. In July 2022, SCE filed a request for a hearing to challenge the penalty, at which time the requirement to pay the penalty was stayed pending the hearing and rehearing process. SCE has made and continues to make significant investments and progress in improving its PSPS protocols, including through increased automation of customer notifications.
Wildfire Mitigation Plan
As discussed in the 2021 Form 10-K, SCE most recently submitted updates to its 2020-2022 WMP in February 2022 to, among other things, report on implementation of its plan, describe new and ongoing wildfire mitigation activities and report on its progress on remedying issues identified in an action statement issued by the OEIS in August 2021. In July 2022, the OEIS approved SCE's 2022 updates to its 2020 –2022 WMP.
For further information, see "Business— Southern California Wildfires," "Risk Factors," "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Initial and annual contributions to the wildfire insurance fund established pursuant to California Assembly Bill 1054" in the 2021 Form 10-K and "Notes to Consolidated Financial
8
Statements—Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies—Contingencies—Southern California Wildfires and Mudslides" in this report.
SCE's results of operations are derived mainly through two sources:
The following table is a summary of SCE's results of operations for the periods indicated.
Three months ended June 30, 2022
Three months ended June 30, 2021
Cost-
Earning
Recovery
Activities
Consolidated
Operating revenue
2,164
1,832
3,996
1,830
1,476
3,306
Purchased power and fuel
1,304
1,283
Operation and maintenance
790
549
1,339
512
223
Wildfire-related claims, net of insurance recoveries
53
Depreciation and amortization
596
600
532
533
Property and other taxes
117
119
Impairment, net of other operating income
64
(11)
Total operating expenses
1,622
1,859
3,481
1,204
1,507
2,711
Operating income (loss)
542
(27)
515
626
(31)
595
Interest expense
(227)
(234)
(196)
(2)
(198)
Other income
68
33
Income before taxes
349
461
Income tax expense
22
Net income
327
385
Less: Preference stock dividend requirements
Net income available for common stock
Less: Non-core expense
Core earnings1
Earning activities were primarily affected by the following:
Operating revenue and the corresponding operating expenses in cost-recovery activities were primarily affected by the following:
Six months ended June 30, 2022
Six months ended June 30, 2021
4,431
3,526
7,957
3,597
2,662
6,259
2,341
2,296
1,580
1,225
2,805
1,130
429
1,559
427
106
1,175
1,183
1,056
1,057
233
243
242
62
3,583
3,584
7,167
2,526
2,727
5,253
Operating income
848
(58)
1,071
(65)
1,006
(437)
(447)
(380)
(382)
139
67
136
482
760
Income tax (benefit) expense
(18)
500
708
Earnings Activities
13
SCE's retail billed and unbilled revenue (excluding wholesale sales) was $3.6 billion and $3.0 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $7.2 billion and $5.7 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The increase for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 is primarily due to the authorization to recover costs related to wildfire-related expenses that had been deferred prior to 2021 in the GRC track 2 and track 3 decisions, higher CPUC authorized revenue, additional expenses subject to cost recovery as part of the 2021 GRC implementation through various balancing accounts and higher FERC revenue due to expected recoveries for the FERC portion of wildfire-related claims. See "—Earnings Activities" and "—Cost-Recovery Activities" for further details.
As a result of the CPUC-authorized decoupling mechanism, SCE earnings are not affected by changes in retail electricity sales.
SCE's income tax expense decreased by $54 million and $70 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the same periods in 2021. The decrease for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was primarily due to lower pre-tax income. The decrease for six months ended June 30, 2022 was primarily due to lower pre-tax income partially offset by lower flow-through tax benefits.
SCE's effective tax rates were 6.3% and 16.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective tax rates were (3.7)% and 6.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. SCE's effective tax rate is below the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the CPUC's ratemaking treatment for the current tax benefit arising from certain property-related and other temporary differences, which reverse over time. The accounting treatment for these temporary differences results in recording regulatory assets and liabilities for amounts that would otherwise be recorded to deferred income tax expense.
See "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 8. Income Taxes" for a reconciliation of the federal statutory rate to the effective income tax rates.
Results of operations for Edison International Parent and Other include amounts from other subsidiaries that are not reportable as segments, as well as intercompany eliminations.
The following table summarizes the results of Edison International Parent and Other:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
Edison Energy Group and subsidiaries
(1)
(5)
Corporate expenses and other subsidiaries
(22)
(66)
(52)
Edison International Parent and Other net loss
(35)
(24)
(72)
Preferred stock dividend requirement
17
Edison International Parent and Other net loss attributable to common stock
The net loss attributable to common stock from operations of Edison International Parent and Other increased $20 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and increased $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the same periods in 2021 primarily due to higher preferred dividend expense as a result of Edison International's preferred equity issuances in 2021 and unrealized losses on investments in 2022 compared to unrealized gains in 2021.
SCE's ability to operate its business, fund capital expenditures, and implement its business strategy is dependent upon its cash flow and access to the bank and capital markets. SCE's overall cash flows fluctuate based on, among other things, its ability to recover its costs in a timely manner from its customers through regulated rates, changes in commodity prices and volumes, collateral requirements, interest obligations, dividend payments to and equity contributions from Edison International, obligations to preference shareholders, and the outcome of tax, regulatory and legal matters.
In the next 12 months, SCE expects to fund its cash requirements through operating cash flows, capital market financings, refinancing of existing debt, and equity contributions from Edison International Parent, as needed. SCE also has availability under its credit facility to fund cash requirements. SCE expects to issue bonds to finance or refinance eligible sustainable projects. For further information about eligible sustainable projects, see "Liquidity and Capital Resources—SCE" in the 2021 MD&A. SCE also expects to issue additional debt for general corporate purposes and to finance payments for future resolutions of claims related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events.
SCE has invested all $1.6 billion of the required AB 1054 Excluded Capital Expenditures. SCE issued securitized bonds in the amounts of $338 million in February 2021 and $533 million in February 2022 to finance a portion of these expenditures. SCE expects to securitize the remaining AB 1054 Excluded Capital Expenditures and related financing costs from amounts approved as reasonable in track 1 and track 3 of the 2021 GRC proceeding. For further information, see "—Regulatory Proceedings—Wildfire Related Regulatory Proceedings." SCE used the proceeds of the February 2022 securitized bonds to partially repay a $1.2 billion term loan due in May 2022. In May 2022, SCE extended the due date of the term loan to May 2023. SCE expects to repay the remaining balance of $730 million prior to the due date with the proceeds of future securitized bonds. For further details, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 5. Debt and Credit Agreements."
SCE's credit ratings may be affected if, among other things, regulators fail to successfully implement AB 1054 in a consistent and credit supportive manner or the Wildfire Insurance Fund is depleted by claims from catastrophic wildfires. Credit rating downgrades increase the cost and may impact the availability of short-term and long-term borrowings, including commercial paper, credit facilities, bond financings or other borrowings. In addition, some of SCE's power procurement contracts require SCE to pay related liabilities or post additional collateral if SCE's credit rating were to fall below investment grade. Incremental collateral requirements for power procurement contracts and environmental remediation obligations would result from a potential downgrade of SCE's credit rating to below investment grade. For further details, see "—Margin and Collateral Deposits."
At June 30, 2022, SCE had cash on hand of $66 million.
At June 30, 2022, SCE had approximately $3.1 billion available under its $3.4 billion revolving credit facility. In May 2022, SCE extended its credit facility through May 2026, pursuant to an option to extend, and may extend its credit facility for one additional year with the lenders' approval. The aggregate maximum principal amount under the SCE revolving credit facility may be increased up to $4.0 billion, provided that additional lender commitments are obtained. For further details, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 5. Debt and Credit Agreements." At June 30, 2022, SCE had $102 million outstanding commercial paper, net of discount, at a weighted-average interest rate of 1.98%.
SCE may finance balancing account undercollections and working capital requirements to support operations and capital expenditures with commercial paper, its credit facilities or other borrowings, subject to availability in the bank and capital markets. As necessary, SCE will utilize its available liquidity, capital market financings, other borrowings or parent company contributions to SCE equity in order to meet its obligations as they become due, including costs related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. For further information, see "Management Overview—Southern California Wildfires and Mudslides."
Debt Covenant
SCE's credit facilities and term loan require a debt to total capitalization ratio as defined in the applicable agreements of less than or equal to 0.65 to 1. At June 30, 2022, SCE's debt to total capitalization ratio was 0.55 to 1.
At June 30, 2022, SCE was in compliance with all financial covenants that affect access to capital.
Wildfire Related Regulatory Proceedings
2021 General Rate Case Wildfire Mitigation Memorandum Account Balances
In March 2021, SCE made its 2021 GRC track 3 filing with the CPUC. In its filing, SCE requested reasonableness review of approximately $1.2 billion of wildfire mitigation costs incurred prior to 2021, consisting of $476 million of incremental operation and maintenance expenses, and $679 million of incremental capital expenditures.
In June 2022, the CPUC issued a decision that authorized SCE to recover $385 million of incremental operation and maintenance expense and approved $465 million of incremental capital expenditures as reasonable. SCE did not obtain a determination of reasonableness for an additional $179 million of capital expenditures, associated with construction in progress and installation of current limiting fuses, portions of which were defective. SCE has the opportunity to support its request for these costs with additional information in future applications.
SCE expects to seek recovery of $45 million, subject to a $10 million deductible, for vegetation management-related operations and maintenance expenses not approved in this proceeding through other regulatory mechanisms.
The decision did not find reasonable certain capital expenditures related to vegetation management software purchased by SCE. As a result of the decision, in June 2022, SCE recorded a $17 million impairment of utility property, plant and equipment.
The decision resulted in a revenue requirement of approximately $400 million including a $15 million 2020 revenue requirement for capital expenditures previously found reasonable by the CPUC. The approved revenue requirements are required to be amortized over a 36-month period. SCE expects to seek recovery of the approved capital expenditures in a separate financing order application, along with additional wildfire mitigation capital expenditures approved as reasonable in the 2021 GRC.
2020 Emergency Wildfire Restoration
Multiple wildfires occurred during 2020 which caused damage within SCE's service territory and to SCE's Big Creek hydroelectric facility.
In March 2022, SCE filed a CEMA application requesting recovery of $207 million of operation and maintenance expenses incremental to authorized revenue requirements and $312 million of capital expenditures incremental to amounts authorized in the 2021 GRC primarily related to these restoration efforts. SCE has not yet filed for recovery of generation restoration costs, as repairs to hydroelectric generation facilities are not complete.
2021 General Rate Case Track 4
In May 2022, SCE made its 2021 GRC track 4 filing with the CPUC, requesting a revenue requirement of $8.6 billion for 2024. This represents an increase of $972 million compared to SCE's estimated revenue requirement of $7.7 billion for the 2023 attrition year. A significant component of the track 4 revenue requirement request relates to projects previously authorized by the CPUC, including those which were completed and put into service since the 2021 GRC final decision. The other primary drivers of the increase are inflation and SCE's 2024 vegetation management and wildfire mitigation spending forecasts. The schedule adopted by the CPUC for the 2021 GRC track 4 filing calls for a proposed decision in the fourth quarter of 2023.
In June 2022, SCE and TURN filed a joint motion for approval of a settlement agreement for SCE's CSRP proceeding filed in July 2021 for expenditures incurred through April 2021. The settlement agreement seeks the CPUC's approval to recover $436 million in capital expenditures and $33 million in operation and maintenance expenses. If approved the settlement agreement would result in a revenue requirement of $388 million through December 2024, the beginning of the 2025 GRC. CPUC approval of the settlement agreement would result in SCE permanently foregoing cost recovery for $47 million of capital expenditures, which SCE recorded as an impairment of property, plant and equipment in June 2022.
In May 2022, SCE filed a second CSRP application with the CPUC requesting recovery of $59 million of capital expenditures and $28 million of operation and maintenance expenses incurred from May 2021 to December 2021. SCE also proposed review and cost recovery for additional post-implementation CSRP costs incurred from January 2022 through December 2024 in the 2025 GRC filing.
2023 FERC Formula Rate Annual Update
In June 2022, SCE provided its preliminary 2023 annual transmission revenue requirement update to interested parties. The update reflects a $96 million decrease in SCE's transmission revenue requirement of $1.3 billion or 6.8% lower than amounts included in the 2022 annual rates. The decrease is primarily due to lower undercollections based on actual 2021 costs, lower administrative and general expenses related to the timing of inclusion of wildfire-related claims recovery in transmission revenue requirements and lower transmission operation and maintenance expenses related to vegetation management and inspections and maintenance included in transmission revenue requirements. SCE expects to file its 2023 annual update with
the FERC by December 1, 2022 with the proposed rates effective January 1, 2023.
2022 California Arrearage Payment Program ("CAPP 2022")
In June 2022, California's state assembly passed legislation to authorize, fund and implement the CAPP 2022, which is expected to reduce customer arrearages for certain residential customers of California's investor owned utilities (“IOUs”) by up to $1.0 billion. The CAPP 2022 funds have not yet been allocated between the IOUs, SCE received approximately 30% of funding allocated to the IOUs under the initial California Arrearage Payment Program, approved in 2021. To the extent SCE's uncollectibles expenses are offset by the CAPP 2022, recovery will not be sought through other mechanisms.
Riverside Transmission Reliability Project
The Riverside Transmission Reliability Project is a joint project between SCE and Riverside Public Utilities ("RPU"), the municipal utility department of the City of Riverside. While RPU will be responsible for constructing some of the project's facilities within Riverside, SCE's portion of the project consists of constructing upgrades to its system, including a new 230 kV substation; certain interconnection and telecommunication facilities and transmission lines in the cities of Riverside, Jurupa Valley and Norco and in portions of unincorporated Riverside County.
In May 2022, the Riverside City Council voted to review and advise on alternatives to the CPUC approved project, which could include other technologies or undergrounding. SCE has suspended all major activities on the project until SCE obtains more clarity on whether Riverside intends to proceed with the project as licensed or pursue an alternative approach. SCE is currently assessing the impacts any potential revisions may have on the total direct expenditures and the scheduled in-service date for the project. No change has currently been reflected in the capital expenditures table above.
Mesa Substation Project
The Mesa Substation Project consists of replacing the existing 220 kV Mesa Substation with a new 500/220 kV substation. The Mesa Substation Project will address reliability concerns by providing additional transmission import capability, allowing greater flexibility in the siting of new generation, and reducing the total amount of new generation required to meet local reliability needs in the Western Los Angeles Basin area. The 500 kV substation went into service in the second quarter of 2022.
As discussed in the 2021 Form 10-K, the CPUC regulates SCE's capital structure which limits the dividends it may pay to its shareholders. The CPUC issued a decision on SCE's application to the CPUC for waiver of compliance with its equity ratio requirement, that allows SCE to exclude, until May 7, 2022, from its equity ratio calculations (i) net charges accrued in connection with the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events and (ii) debt issued for the purpose of paying claims related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events up to an amount equal to the net charges accrued in connection with the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. In April 2022, SCE filed an application to extend the waiver of compliance with its equity ratio requirement and the permitted exclusion. Under the CPUC's rules, SCE is not deemed to be in violation of the equity ratio requirement while the waiver application is pending resolution.
Certain derivative instruments, power and energy procurement contracts and other contractual arrangements contain collateral requirements. In addition, certain environmental remediation obligations require financial assurance that may be in the form of collateral postings. Future collateral requirements may differ from the requirements at June 30, 2022 due to the addition of incremental power and energy procurement contracts with collateral requirements, if any, the impact of changes
in wholesale power and natural gas prices on SCE's contractual obligations, and the impact of SCE's credit ratings falling below investment grade.
The table below provides the amount of collateral posted by SCE to its counterparties as well as the potential collateral that would have been required as of June 30, 2022, if SCE's credit rating had been downgraded to below investment grade as of that date. The table below also provides the potential collateral that could be required due to adverse changes in wholesale power and natural gas prices over the remaining lives of existing power and energy procurement contracts.
In addition to amounts shown in the table, power and fuel contract counterparties may also institute new collateral requirements, applicable to future transactions to allow SCE to continue trading in power and fuel contracts at the time of a downgrade or upon significant increases in market prices. Furthermore, SCE may also be required to post up to $50 million in collateral in connection with its environmental remediation obligations, within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year in which the downgrade occurs.
Collateral posted as of June 30, 20221
198
Incremental collateral requirements for purchased power and fuel contracts resulting from a potential downgrade of SCE's credit rating to below investment grade2
96
Incremental collateral requirements for purchased power and fuel contracts resulting from adverse market price movement3
80
Posted and potential collateral requirements
374
Net collateral provided to counterparties and other brokers consisted of $168 million in letters of credit and surety bonds and $30 million of cash collateral, which was offset against derivative liabilities. In addition, SCE was required to post an additional $50 million cash collateral due to margin requirements on gas and power positions, which was accrued as of June 30, 2022 and posted on July 1, 2022.
Represents potential collateral requirements for accounts payable and market-to-market valuation at June 30, 2022. Requirement varies throughout the period and is generally lower at the end of the month.
Incremental collateral requirements were based on potential changes in SCE's forward positions as of June 30, 2022 due to adverse market price movements over the remaining lives of the existing power contracts using a 95% confidence level.
In the next 12 months, Edison International expects to fund its net cash requirements through cash on hand, dividends from SCE, and capital market and bank financings. Edison International may finance its ongoing cash requirements, including dividends, working capital requirements, payment of obligations, and capital investments, including capital contributions to subsidiaries, with short-term or other financings, subject to availability in the bank and capital markets.
At June 30, 2022, Edison International Parent had cash on hand of $56 million.
At June 30, 2022 Edison International Parent had $3 million outstanding commercial paper, net of discount, at a weighted- average interest rate of 2.10% supported by the $1.5 billion revolving credit facility. In May 2022, Edison International Parent extended its credit facility through May 2026, pursuant to an option to extend, and may extend its credit facility for one additional year with the lenders' approval. The aggregate maximum principal amount under the Edison International Parent revolving credit facility may be increased up to $2.0 billion, provided that additional lender commitments are obtained.
Edison International plans to issue securities containing $300 million to $400 million of equity content as viewed by rating agencies in 2022, to support SCE's capital investment needs and SCE maintaining the common equity component of its capital structure, after CPUC allowed exclusions, at 52% on a weighted average basis over the Capital Structure Compliance Period. In April 2022, Edison International Parent borrowed $600 million under a term loan agreement due in April 2023.
The term loan provides Edison International with the flexibility to defer its planned issuance to 2023, depending on market conditions. For further information, see "Liquidity and Capital Resources—SCE—SCE Dividends" in the 2021 MD&A and "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 5. Debt and Credit Agreements."
Edison International Parent and Other's liquidity and its ability to pay operating expenses and pay dividends to common shareholders are dependent on access to the bank and capital markets, dividends from SCE, realization of tax benefits and its ability to meet California law requirements for the declaration of dividends. Prior to declaring dividends, Edison International's Board of Directors evaluates available information to ensure that the California law requirements for the declarations are met. For information on the California law requirements on the declaration of dividends, see "Liquidity and Capital Resources—SCE—SCE Dividends" in the 2021 MD&A. Edison International intends to maintain its target payout ratio of 45% – 55% of SCE's core earnings, subject to the factors identified above.
Edison International's ability to declare and pay common dividends may be restricted under the terms of the Series A and Series B Preferred Stock. For further information see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 14. Equity" in the 2021 Form 10-K.
Edison International Parent's credit facility requires a consolidated debt to total capitalization ratio as defined in the applicable agreements of less than or equal to 0.70 to 1. At June 30, 2022, Edison International's consolidated debt to total capitalization ratio was 0.62 to 1.
At June 30, 2022, Edison International Parent was in compliance with all financial covenants that affect access to capital.
Edison International Parent's credit ratings may be affected if, among other things, regulators fail to successfully implement AB 1054 in a consistent and credit supportive manner or the Wildfire Insurance Fund is depleted by claims from catastrophic wildfires. Credit rating downgrades increase the cost and may impact the availability of short-term and long-term borrowings, including commercial paper, credit facilities, note financings or other borrowings.
Edison International consolidates for federal income tax purposes, but not for financial accounting purposes, a group of wind projects referred to as Capistrano Wind. A sale of the wind projects is expected to be consummated in the third quarter of 2022 following regulatory approval. The sale and cancellation of debt is expected to utilize approximately $115 million of tax attributes previously generated by the Capistrano entities. Remaining tax attributes not utilized in 2022 will be available for the Edison International consolidated group to utilize in the future. When the remaining Capistrano tax attributes are used in the future by Edison International, payments will be made to those entities under a tax allocation agreement.
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
1,317
(1,283)
Net cash provided by financing activities
1,096
3,689
Net cash used in investing activities
(2,626)
(2,411)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(213)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
The following table summarizes major categories of net cash provided by operating activities as provided in more detail in SCE's consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
Change in cash flows
2022/2021
Non-cash items1
1,326
1,189
1,826
1,897
(71)
Changes in cash flow resulting from working capital2
(136)
(309)
173
Regulatory assets and liabilities
372
(574)
946
Wildfire related claims3
(609)
(2,852)
2,243
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities4
555
(691)
2,600
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was impacted by the following:
Net income and non-cash items decreased in 2022 by $71 million primarily due to higher charges for wildfire-related claims, net of insurance recoveries, and higher interest expense from increased borrowings, partially offset by higher earnings due to the adoption of the 2021 GRC final decision in the third quarter of 2021.
Net cash outflow for working capital was $136 million and $309 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Net cash outflows for 2022 and 2021 were primarily due to net increases in unbilled revenue and customer receivables of $400 million and $523 million, respectively. The 2022 increase in receivables is lower mainly due to $185 million of CAPP funds received in January 2022. Both years' outflows were partially offset by an increase in payables.
Net cash provided by (used in) regulatory assets and liabilities, including changes in net undercollections recorded in balancing accounts, was $372 million and $(574) million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. SCE has a number of balancing and memorandum accounts, which impact cash flows based on differences between timing of collection of amounts through rates and accrual expenditures. Cash flows were primarily impacted by the following:
Cash flows (used in) provided by other noncurrent assets and liabilities were primarily related to an increase in wildfire insurance receivables of $139 million in 2022 and recoveries of $708 million in 2021. Cash flow for other noncurrent assets and liabilities also includes payments of decommissioning costs ($73 million in 2022 and $128 million in 2021, respectively), partially offset by SCE's net earnings (losses) from nuclear decommissioning trust investments ($25 million in 2022 and $(15) million in 2021, respectively). See "Nuclear Decommissioning Activities" below for further discussion.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
The following table summarizes cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. Issuances of debt are discussed in "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 5. Debt and Credit Agreements."
Issuances of long-term debt, including premium/discount and net of issuance costs
2,949
3,952
Long-term debt repaid or repurchased
(372)
(991)
Short-term debt (repaid) borrowed, net
(993)
751
Commercial paper repaid, net of borrowing
(499)
(551)
Capital contributions from Edison International Parent
700
Payment of common stock dividends to Edison International
(650)
Payment of preference stock dividends
(53)
Other
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities are primarily due to capital expenditures related to transmission and distribution investments ($2.7 billion and $2.6 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively). In addition, SCE had a net redemption of nuclear decommissioning trust investments of $65 million and $127 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. See "Nuclear Decommissioning Activities" below for further discussion.
Nuclear Decommissioning Activities
SCE's consolidated statements of cash flows include nuclear decommissioning activities, which are reflected in the following line items:
Net cash used in operating activities:
Net earnings (losses) from nuclear decommissioning trust investments
(15)
SCE's decommissioning costs
(73)
(128)
Net cash provided by investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of investments
2,106
2,542
Purchases of investments
(2,041)
(2,415)
Net cash impact
Net cash used in operating activities relates to interest and dividends less administrative expenses, taxes and SCE's decommissioning costs. Investing activities represent the purchase and sale of investments within the nuclear decommissioning trusts, including the reinvestment of earnings from nuclear decommissioning trust investments. The net cash impact reflects timing of decommissioning payments ($73 million and $128 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively) and reimbursements to SCE from the nuclear decommissioning trust ($90 million and $112 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively).
23
The table below sets forth condensed historical cash flow from operations for Edison International Parent and Other, including intercompany eliminations.
Net cash used in operating activities
(79)
(91)
93
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was impacted by the following:
Net cash provided by financing activities was as follows:
Dividends paid to Edison International common shareholders
(524)
(494)
Dividends paid to Edison International preferred shareholders
Dividends received from SCE
650
Capital contributions to SCE
(700)
(1,225)
Issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs
1,235
Issuance of term loan
Commercial paper financing, net
(105)
41
Edison International's and SCE's contingencies are discussed in "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies—Contingencies."
Edison International's and SCE's primary market risks are described in the 2021 Form 10-K. For further discussion of market risk exposures, including commodity price risk, credit risk, and interest rate risk, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 4. Fair Value Measurements" and "—Note 6. Derivative Instruments."
SCE records derivative instruments on its consolidated balance sheets as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value unless otherwise exempted from derivative treatment as normal purchases or sales. The fair value of outstanding derivative instruments used to mitigate exposure to commodity price risk was reflected as a net asset of $32 million and $44 million on SCE's consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. For further discussion of fair value
measurements and the fair value hierarchy, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 4. Fair Value Measurements" and "— Note 6. Derivative Instruments."
Credit risk exposure from counterparties for power and gas trading activities is measured as the sum of net accounts receivable (accounts receivable less accounts payable) and the current fair value of net derivative assets (derivative assets less derivative liabilities) reflected on the consolidated balance sheets. SCE enters into master agreements which typically provide for a right of set-off. Accordingly, SCE's credit risk exposure from counterparties is based on a net exposure under these arrangements. SCE manages the credit risk on the portfolio of counterparties based on credit ratings and other publicly disclosed information, such as financial statements, regulatory filings and press releases, to guide it in the process of setting credit levels, risk limits and contractual arrangements, including master netting agreements. Based on SCE's policies and risk exposures related to credit, SCE does not anticipate a material adverse effect on their financial statements as a result of counterparty nonperformance. At June 30, 2022, SCE's power and gas trading counterparty credit risk exposure was $32 million, all of which is associated with entities that have an investment grade rating of A or higher. SCE assigns a credit rating to counterparties based on the lowest of a counterparty's S&P, Moody's, and Fitch's rating.
For more information related to credit risks, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 6. Derivative Instruments."
For a discussion of Edison International's and SCE's critical accounting policies, see "Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies" in the 2021 MD&A.
New accounting guidance is discussed in "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—New Accounting Guidance."
Information responding to this section is included in the MD&A under the heading "Market Risk Exposures" and is incorporated herein by reference.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(in millions, except per-share amounts, unaudited)
Total operating revenue
4,008
3,315
7,976
6,275
1,361
754
2,848
1,595
601
1,184
1,058
120
246
63
61
3,504
2,730
7,213
5,291
504
585
763
984
(271)
(232)
(517)
(449)
66
134
148
Income before income taxes
299
380
683
Income tax expense (benefit)
(48)
292
361
428
651
Preference stock dividend requirements of SCE
Preferred stock dividend requirement of Edison International
Net income attributable to Edison International common shareholders
Basic earnings per share:
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
381
379
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Edison International common shareholders
0.63
0.84
0.85
1.52
Diluted earnings per share:
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, including effect of dilutive securities
383
382
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Edison International common shareholders
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(in millions, unaudited)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Pension and postretirement benefits other than pensions
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Comprehensive income
296
363
434
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Comprehensive income attributable to Edison International
271
337
602
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31,
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents
122
390
Receivables, less allowances of $347 and $193 for uncollectible accounts at respective dates
1,547
1,398
Accrued unbilled revenue
794
Inventory
438
420
Prepaid expenses
50
258
Regulatory assets
2,030
1,778
Wildfire Insurance Fund contributions
204
Other current assets
166
249
Total current assets
5,653
5,491
Nuclear decommissioning trusts
4,039
4,870
Marketable securities
Other investments
Total investments
4,097
4,921
Utility property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation and amortization of $11,926 and $11,407 at respective dates
51,485
50,497
Nonutility property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation of $106 and $98 at respective dates
210
203
Total property, plant and equipment
51,695
50,700
Receivables, less allowances of $34 and $116 for uncollectible accounts at respective dates
Regulatory assets (include $845 and $325 related to Variable Interest Entities "VIEs" at respective dates)
7,854
7,660
2,258
2,359
Operating lease right-of-use assets
1,751
1,932
Long-term insurance receivables
214
75
Other long-term assets
1,502
1,485
Total long-term assets
13,600
13,633
Total assets
75,045
74,745
(in millions, except share amounts, unaudited)
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Short-term debt
1,985
2,354
Current portion of long-term debt
2,175
1,077
Accounts payable
2,080
2,002
Wildfire-related claims
86
131
Customer deposits
165
193
Regulatory liabilities
523
603
Current portion of operating lease liabilities
607
582
Other current liabilities
1,641
1,667
Total current liabilities
9,262
8,609
Long-term debt (include $823 and $314 related to VIEs at respective dates)
25,143
24,170
Deferred income taxes and credits
5,889
5,740
Pensions and benefits
471
496
Asset retirement obligations
2,837
2,772
8,376
8,981
Operating lease liabilities
1,144
1,350
1,169
1,733
Other deferred credits and other long-term liabilities
3,079
3,105
Total deferred credits and other liabilities
22,965
24,177
Total liabilities
57,370
56,956
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Preferred stock (50,000,000 shares authorized; 1,250,000 shares of Series A and 750,000 shares of Series B issued and outstanding at respective dates)
1,977
Common stock, no par value (800,000,000 shares authorized; 381,397,456 and 380,378,145 shares issued and outstanding at respective dates)
6,129
6,071
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(54)
Retained earnings
7,716
7,894
Total Edison International's shareholders' equity
15,774
15,888
Noncontrolling interests – preference stock of SCE
1,901
Total equity
17,675
17,789
Total liabilities and equity
29
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Cash flows from operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by operating activities:
1,216
1,090
Allowance for equity during construction
(60)
Impairment and other expense (income)
Deferred income taxes
Wildfire Insurance Fund amortization expense
40
(127)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables
(81)
(293)
(19)
(3)
143
128
Tax receivables and payables
58
91
Other current assets and liabilities
(229)
(244)
Regulatory assets and liabilities, net
Wildfire-related insurance receivable
(139)
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities
(26)
1,238
(1,374)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Long-term debt issued, plus premium and net of discount and issuance costs of $34 and $36 for the respective periods
3,953
Long-term debt repaid
Short-term debt issued
Short-term debt repaid
(1,355)
Common stock issued
Preferred stock issued, net
Commercial paper repayments, net of borrowing
(497)
(656)
Dividends and distribution to noncontrolling interests
Common stock dividends paid
Preferred stock dividends paid
1,119
3,782
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures
(2,708)
(2,593)
Proceeds from sale of nuclear decommissioning trust investments
Purchases of nuclear decommissioning trust investments
(2,628)
(2,412)
(4)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
394
89
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
123
85
330
386
711
279
1,538
1,393
257
156
222
5,578
5,347
4,086
4,904
Nonutility property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation of $95 and $88 at respective dates
196
51,689
50,693
Regulatory assets (include $845 and $325 related to VIEs at respective dates)
1,745
1,925
95
Long-term insurance receivables due from affiliate
1,469
1,453
13,561
13,594
74,914
74,538
1,382
1,075
377
2,078
1,999
606
1,633
1,631
7,548
7,870
23,103
21,733
7,366
7,181
110
111
1,139
1,343
2,929
2,979
23,926
25,100
54,577
54,703
Preference stock
1,945
Common stock, no par value (560,000,000 shares authorized; 434,888,104 shares issued and outstanding at respective dates)
2,168
Additional paid-in capital
7,732
7,033
(28)
(32)
8,520
8,721
20,337
19,835
1,211
1,086
(288)
145
127
(224)
(236)
Short-term debt borrowed
Dividends paid
(707)
(703)
(2,591)
280
(Unaudited)
Note 1.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Basis of Presentation
Edison International is the ultimate parent holding company of Southern California Edison Company ("SCE") and Edison Energy, LLC ("Edison Energy Group"). SCE is an investor-owned public utility primarily engaged in the business of supplying and delivering electricity to an approximately 50,000 square mile area of Southern California. Edison Energy Group is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Edison International and a holding company for Edison Energy, LLC ("Edison Energy") which is engaged in the competitive business of providing integrated decarbonization and energy solutions to commercial, institutional and industrial customers. Edison Energy's business activities are currently not material to report as a separate business segment. These combined notes to the consolidated financial statements apply to both Edison International and SCE unless otherwise described. Edison International's consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Edison International, SCE, and other wholly owned and controlled subsidiaries. References to Edison International refer to the consolidated group of Edison International and its subsidiaries. References to "Edison International Parent and Other" refer to Edison International Parent and its competitive subsidiaries and "Edison International Parent" refer to Edison International on a stand-alone basis, not consolidated with its subsidiaries. SCE's consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SCE, its wholly owned and controlled subsidiaries and a variable interest entity of which SCE is the primary beneficiary, SCE Recovery Funding LLC. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements.
Edison International's and SCE's significant accounting policies were described in the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Edison International's and SCE's combined Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the "2021 Form 10-K"). This quarterly report should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in the 2021 Form 10-K.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of adjustments of a normal recurring nature, have been made that are necessary to fairly state the consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for the periods covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The results of operations for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.
The December 31, 2021 financial statement data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash equivalents consist of investments in money market funds. Generally, the carrying value of cash equivalents equals the fair value, as these investments have original maturities of three months or less. The cash equivalents were as follows:
Money market funds
329
230
Cash is temporarily invested until required for check clearing. Checks issued, but not yet paid by the financial institution, are reclassified from cash to accounts payable at the end of each reporting period.
The following table sets forth the cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash included in the consolidated statements of cash flows:
Short-term restricted cash1
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
SCE:
Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts
The allowance for uncollectible accounts is recorded based on SCE's estimate of expected credit losses and adjusted over the life of the receivables as needed. Since the customer base of SCE is concentrated in Southern California and exposes SCE to a homogeneous set of economic conditions, the allowance is measured on a collective basis on the historical amounts written-off, assessment of customer collectibility and current economic trends, including unemployment rates and any likelihood of recession for the region. At June 30, 2022, this included the estimated impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The following table sets forth the changes in allowance for uncollectible accounts for SCE:
June 30, 2022
June 30, 2021
Customers
All others
Beginning balance
353
226
Plus: current period provision for uncollectible accounts
Included in operation and maintenance expenses in earning activities1
Included in operation and maintenance expenses in cost-recovery activities2
Deferred to regulatory memorandum accounts
Less: write-offs, net of recoveries
Ending balance
364
³
254
270
36
293
309
175
188
60
Earnings Per Share
Edison International computes earnings per common share ("EPS") using the two-class method, which is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for each class of common stock and participating security. Edison International's participating securities are stock-based compensation awards, payable in common shares, which earn dividend equivalents on an equal basis with common shares once the awards are vested. See Note 13 for further information.
EPS attributable to Edison International common shareholders was computed as follows:
(in millions, except per-share amounts)
Net income attributable to common shareholders
Net income available to common shareholders
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic earnings per share
Net income available to common shareholders and assumed conversions
Incremental shares from assumed conversions
Adjusted weighted average shares – diluted
Diluted earnings per share
In addition to the participating securities discussed above, Edison International also may award stock options, which are payable in common shares and are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation. Stock option awards to purchase 3,990,270 and 11,327,374 shares of common stock for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 5,261,914 and 11,369,725 shares of common stock for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively were outstanding, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been antidilutive.
37
Revenue Recognition
Cost of Capital
In August 2021, SCE filed an application with the CPUC for authority to establish its authorized cost of capital for utility operations for 2022 and to reset the related annual cost of capital mechanism that can adjust the authorized cost of capital between SCE's cost of capital proceedings based on changes in Moody's utility bond rate index. In the absence of a decision SCE is continuing to recognize revenue based on its pre-2022 cost of capital, subject to refund. If the CPUC ultimately finds that the cost of capital mechanism adjustment should have been implemented effective January 1, 2022, revenue recorded in the first six months of 2022 would be reduced by approximately $85 million.
FERC 2022 Formula Rate Update
In November 2021, SCE filed its 2022 annual update with the FERC with the proposed rates effective January 1, 2022, subject to settlement procedures and refund. SCE requested an increase in SCE's transmission revenue requirement of $326 million or 30% higher than amounts included in the 2021 annual rates. Pending resolution of the FERC formula rate proceedings, SCE recognized revenue in the first six months of 2022 based on the FERC 2022 annual update rate, subject to refund.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
In June 2022, the CPUC issued a decision in track 3 of SCE's 2021 GRC proceeding. As a result of the decision, SCE recorded a $17 million impairment of utility property, plant and equipment which was disallowed by the CPUC, primarily related to the costs associated with vegetation management software purchased by SCE.
In June 2022, SCE and The Utility Reform Network filed a joint motion for CPUC approval of a settlement agreement for SCE's Customer Service Re-platform ("CSRP") proceeding filed in July 2021 for expenditures incurred through April 2021. As a result of the settlement agreement, SCE recorded a $47 million impairment of property, plant and equipment.
New Accounting Guidance
Accounting Guidance Adopted
In November 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update to require business entities that account for transactions with a government by analogizing to a grant or contribution accounting model to make certain annual disclosures. Edison International and SCE have adopted this standard on January 1, 2022 using the prospective adoption approach. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on Edison International's and SCE's annual disclosure.
38
Note 2.Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
The following table provides Edison International's changes in equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022:
Noncontrolling
Equity Attributable to Edison International Shareholders
Interests
Accumulated
Preferred
Common
Comprehensive
Retained
Preference
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Stock
Loss
Earnings
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021
Other comprehensive income
Common stock issued, net of issuance cost
Common stock dividends declared ($0.7000 per share)
(267)
Preferred stock dividend declared ($26.875 per share for Series A and $17.08333 per share for Series B)
(21)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests ($11.160 - $35.937 per share for preference stock)
Noncash stock-based compensation
Balance at March 31, 2022
6,090
15,731
17,632
267
Dividends to noncontrolling interests ($14.017 - $35.937 per share for preference stock)
(25)
Balance at June 30, 2022
The following table provides Edison International's changes in equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021:
Balance at December 31, 2020
5,962
(69)
8,155
14,048
15,949
263
290
Preferred stock issued, net of issuance cost
1,237
Common stock dividends declared ($0.6625 per share)
(251)
Preferred stock dividend accrued ($3.434 per share)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests ($15.625 - $35.936 per share for preference stock)
Balance at March 31, 2021
5,989
(67)
8,163
15,322
17,223
335
Preferred stock issuance cost
Preferred stock dividend accrued ($13.2882 per share)
(17)
Balance at June 30, 2021
6,013
8,229
15,412
17,313
The following table provides SCE's changes in equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022:
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Dividends declared on common stock ($0.7473 per share)
(325)
Dividends on preference stock ($11.160 - $35.937 per share)
Stock-based compensation
(9)
7,028
8,542
19,652
Capital contribution from Edison International Parent
Dividends declared on preference stock ($14.017 - $35.937 per share)
The following table provides SCE's changes in equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021:
5,387
9,191
18,650
323
900
Dividends declared on preference stock (15.625 - $35.936 per share)
6,286
9,162
19,522
Dividends declared on preferred and preference stock ($15.625 - $35.936 per share for preference stock)
6,616
9,196
19,887
Note 3.Variable Interest Entities
A VIE is defined as a legal entity that meets one of two conditions: (1) the equity owners do not have sufficient equity at risk, or (2) the holders of the equity investment at risk, as a group, lack any of the following three characteristics: decision-making rights, the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity. The primary beneficiary is identified as the variable interest holder that has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE. Commercial and operating activities are generally the factors that most significantly impact the economic performance of such VIEs. Commercial and operating activities include construction, operation and maintenance, fuel procurement, dispatch and compliance with regulatory and contractual requirements.
Variable Interest in VIEs that are Consolidated
California Assembly Bill 1054 ("AB 1054"), executed on July 12, 2019, requires SCE to exclude from the equity portion of SCE's rate base approximately $1.6 billion in wildfire risk mitigation capital expenditures ("AB 1054 Excluded Capital Expenditures"). SCE Recovery Funding LLC is a bankruptcy remote, wholly owned special purpose subsidiary, consolidated by SCE. SCE Recovery Funding LLC is a VIE and SCE is the primary beneficiary. SCE Recovery Funding LLC was formed in 2021 for the purpose of issuing and servicing securitized bonds related to SCE's AB 1054 Excluded Capital Expenditures.
In February 2022 and 2021, SCE Recovery Funding LLC issued $533 million and $338 million of securitized bonds, respectively, and used the proceeds to acquire SCE's right, title and interest in and to non-bypassable rates and other charges to be collected from certain existing and future customers in SCE's service territory, associated with the AB 1054 Excluded
Capital Expenditures ("Recovery Property"), until the bonds are paid in full and all financing costs have been recovered. The securitized bonds are secured by the Recovery Property and cash collections from the non-bypassable rates and other charges are the sole source of funds to satisfy the debt obligation. The bondholders have no recourse to SCE. For further details, see Note 5.
The following table summarizes the impact of SCE Recovery Funding LLC on SCE's and Edison International's consolidated balance sheets.
Regulatory assets: Non-current
845
Regulatory liabilities: Current
(8)
(14)
Long-term debt1
(823)
(314)
Variable Interest in VIEs that are not Consolidated
Power Purchase Agreements
SCE has PPAs that are classified as variable interests in VIEs, including agreements through which SCE provides the natural gas to fuel the plants, fixed price contracts for renewable energy, and resource adequacy agreements that, upon the seller's election, include the purchase of energy at fixed prices. SCE has concluded that it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs since it does not control the commercial and operating activities of these entities. Since payments for capacity are the primary source of income, the most significant economic activity for these VIEs is the operation and maintenance of the power plants.
As of the balance sheet date, the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in SCE's consolidated balance sheet that relate to involvement with VIEs that are not consolidated result from amounts due under the PPAs. Under these contracts, SCE recovers the costs incurred through demonstration of compliance with its CPUC-approved long-term power procurement plans. SCE has no residual interest in the entities and has not provided or guaranteed any debt or equity support, liquidity arrangements, performance guarantees, or other commitments associated with these contracts other than the purchase commitments described in Note 12 of the 2021 Form 10-K. As a result, there is no significant potential exposure to loss to SCE from its variable interest in these VIEs. The aggregate contracted capacity dedicated to SCE from these VIE projects was 3,366 MW and 3,889 MW at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and the amounts that SCE paid to these projects were $126 million and $153 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $207 million and $312 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts are recoverable in customer rates, subject to reasonableness review.
Unconsolidated Trusts of SCE
SCE Trust II, Trust III, Trust IV, Trust V, and Trust VI were formed in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, for the exclusive purpose of issuing the 5.10%, 5.75%, 5.375%, 5.45%, and 5.00% trust preference securities, respectively ("trust securities"). The trusts are VIEs. SCE has concluded that it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs as it does not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses or the right to receive the expected residual returns of the trusts. SCE Trust II, Trust III, Trust IV, Trust V and Trust VI issued to the public trust securities in the face amounts of $400 million, $275 million, $325 million, $300 million, and $475 million (cumulative, liquidation amounts of $25 per share), respectively, and $10,000 of common stock each to SCE. The trusts invested the proceeds of these trust securities in Series G, Series H,
43
Series J, Series K, and Series L Preference Stock issued by SCE in the principal amounts of $400 million, $275 million, $325 million, $300 million, and $475 million (cumulative, $2,500 per share liquidation values), respectively, which have substantially the same payment terms as the respective trust securities.
The Series G, Series H, Series J, Series K, and Series L Preference Stock and the corresponding trust securities do not have a maturity date. Upon any redemption of any shares of the Series G, Series H, Series J, Series K, or Series L Preference Stock, a corresponding dollar amount of trust securities will be redeemed by the applicable trust. The applicable trust will make distributions at the same rate and on the same dates on the applicable series of trust securities if and when the SCE board of directors declares and makes dividend payments on the related Preference Stock. The applicable trust will use any dividends it receives on the related Preference Stock to make its corresponding distributions on the applicable series of trust securities. If SCE does not make a dividend payment to any of these trusts, SCE would be prohibited from paying dividends on its common stock. SCE has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the payment of the trust securities and trust distributions, if and when SCE pays dividends on the related Preference Stock.
The Trust II, Trust III, Trust IV, Trust V and Trust VI balance sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of investments of $220 million, $275 million, $325 million, $300 million, and $475 million in the Series G, Series H, Series J, Series K and Series L Preference Stock, respectively, $220 million, $275 million, $325 million, $300 million, and $475 million of trust securities, respectively, and $10,000 each of common stock.
The following table provides a summary of the trusts' income statements:
Trust II
Trust III
Trust IV
Trust V
Trust VI
Dividend income
Dividend distributions
Note 4.Fair Value Measurements
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (referred to as an "exit price"). Fair value of an asset or liability considers assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about nonperformance risk. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, nonperformance risk was not material for Edison International and SCE.
Assets and liabilities are categorized into a three-level fair value hierarchy based on valuation inputs used to determine fair value.
Level 1 – The fair value of Edison International's and SCE's Level 1 assets and liabilities is determined using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are available at the measurement date for identical assets and liabilities. This level includes exchange-traded equity securities, U.S. treasury securities, mutual funds, and money market funds.
Level 2 – Edison International's and SCE's Level 2 assets and liabilities include fixed income securities, primarily consisting of U.S. government and agency bonds, municipal bonds and corporate bonds, and over-the-counter derivatives. The fair value of fixed income securities is determined using a market approach by obtaining quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument.
The fair value of SCE's over-the-counter derivative contracts is determined using an income approach. SCE uses standard pricing models to determine the net present value of estimated future cash flows. Inputs to the pricing models include forward published or posted clearing prices from an exchange (Intercontinental Exchange) for similar instruments and discount rates. A primary price source that best represents trade activity for each market is used to develop observable forward market prices in determining the fair value of these positions. Broker quotes, prices from exchanges, or comparison to executed trades are used to validate and corroborate the primary price source. These price quotations reflect mid-market prices (average of bid and ask) and are obtained from sources believed to provide the most liquid market for the commodity.
Level 3 – The fair value of SCE's Level 3 assets and liabilities is determined using the income approach through various models and techniques that require significant unobservable inputs. This level includes derivative contracts that trade infrequently such as congestion revenue rights ("CRRs"). Edison International Parent and Other does not have any Level 3 assets and liabilities.
Assumptions are made in order to value derivative contracts in which observable inputs are not available. In circumstances where fair value cannot be verified with observable market transactions, it is possible that a different valuation model could produce a materially different estimate of fair value. Modeling methodologies, inputs, and techniques are reviewed and assessed as markets continue to develop and more pricing information becomes available and the fair value is adjusted when it is concluded that a change in inputs or techniques would result in a new valuation that better reflects the fair value of those derivative contracts. See Note 6 for a discussion of derivative instruments.
The following table sets forth assets and liabilities of SCE that were accounted for at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy:
Netting
and
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Collateral1
Assets at fair value
Derivative contracts
Money market funds and other
Nuclear decommissioning trusts:
Stocks2
1,548
Fixed Income3
942
2,281
Short-term investments, primarily cash equivalents
167
247
Subtotal of nuclear decommissioning trusts4
2,657
1,419
4,076
2,661
1,467
4,134
Liabilities at fair value
Net assets
1,403
45
December 31, 2021
253
1,972
1,083
1,607
2,690
102
125
227
3,157
1,732
4,889
3,387
1,781
5,186
(47)
1,739
SCE Fair Value of Level 3
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in SCE's fair value of Level 3 net derivative assets and liabilities:
Fair value of net assets at beginning of period
108
Sales
Settlements
(29)
Total realized/unrealized gain (losses) 1,2
Fair value of net assets at end of period
46
The following table sets forth SCE's valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used to determine fair value for significant Level 3 assets and liabilities:
Fair Value
Significant
Weighted
Valuation
Unobservable
Range
Average
Assets
Liabilities
Technique
Input
(per MWh)
Congestion revenue rights
Auction prices
CAISO CRR auction prices
$(18.87) - $306.31
1.48
$(18.87) - $43.03
1.46
Level 3 Fair Value Uncertainty
For CRRs, increases or decreases in CAISO auction prices would result in higher or lower fair value, respectively.
Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts
SCE's nuclear decommissioning trust investments include equity securities, U.S. treasury securities, and other fixed income securities. Equity and treasury securities are classified as Level 1 as fair value is determined by observable market prices in active or highly liquid and transparent markets. The remaining fixed income securities are classified as Level 2. There are no securities classified as Level 3 in the nuclear decommissioning trusts.
Edison International Parent and Other assets measured at fair value and classified as Level 1 consisted of $6 million and $12 million in equity investments as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively and money market funds of $49 million and $99 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and classified as Level 2 consisted of short-term investments of $6 million at both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. There are no securities classified as Level 3 for Edison International Parent and Other.
Fair Value of Debt Recorded at Carrying Value
The carrying value and fair value of Edison International's and SCE's long-term debt (including current portion of long-term debt) are as follows:
Carrying
Fair
Value1
Value2
27,318
24,917
25,247
27,718
24,178
21,810
22,110
24,375
Note 5.Debt and Credit Agreements
Long-Term Debt
In January 2022, SCE issued $500 million of 2.75% first and refunding mortgage bonds due in 2032 and $700 million of 3.45% first and refunding mortgage bonds due in 2052. The proceeds were used to finance or refinance eligible sustainable projects.
In May 2022, SCE issued $300 million of 4.20% first and refunding mortgage bonds due in 2025, $600 million of 4.70% first and refunding mortgage bonds due in 2027 and $350 million of 5.45% first and refunding mortgage bonds due in 2052. The proceeds were used to fund the payment of wildfire claims above the amount of insurance proceeds and to repay commercial paper borrowings.
Senior Secured Recovery Bonds
In the first quarter of 2022, SCE Recovery Funding LLC issued $533 million of Senior Secured Recovery Bonds, Series 2022-A, in three tranches ("Recovery Bonds") and used the proceeds to acquire Recovery Property. The three tranches of Recovery Bonds consisted of $100 million, 1.98% with final maturity in 2030; $305 million, 2.94% with final maturity in 2044; and $128 million, 3.24% with final maturity in 2048. The Recovery Bonds are payable only from and secured by the Recovery Property. SCE Recovery Funding LLC is consolidated by SCE for financial reporting purposes, however, the Recovery Bonds do not constitute a debt or other legal obligation of, or interest in, SCE or any of its affiliates, except for SCE Recovery Funding LLC. SCE used the proceeds it received from the sale of Recovery Property to reimburse itself for previously incurred AB 1054 Excluded Capital Expenditures, including the retirement of related debt and financing costs. For further details, see Note 3.
Credit Agreements and Short-Term Debt
The following table summarizes the status of the credit facilities at June 30, 2022:
(in millions, except for rates)
Execution
Termination
Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR")
Outstanding
Amount
date
plus (bps)
Use of proceeds
Commitment
borrowings
letters of credit
available
Edison International Parent
May 2022
May 2026
Support commercial paper borrowings and general corporate purposes1, 3
1,500
1,497
Total Edison International Parent:
Support commercial paper borrowings and general corporate purposes2, 3
3,350
161
3,087
Total SCE:
Total Edison International:
4,850
105
4,584
48
Term loan and other short-term debt
In April 2022, Edison International Parent borrowed $600 million under a term loan agreement due in April 2023 that bears interest at either an adjusted term SOFR plus 0.70% or a base rate with no applicable margin. Edison International used the proceeds for general corporate purposes.
In May 2022, SCE amended its green term loan agreement to extend the maturity date from May 2022 to May 2023 and updated the interest rate from LIBOR plus 0.60% to SOFR plus 0.55%. As of June 30, 2022, the outstanding balance on the term loan is $730 million.
Note 6.Derivative Instruments
Derivative financial instruments are used to manage exposure to commodity price risk. These risks are managed in part by entering into forward commodity transactions, including options, swaps and futures. To mitigate credit risk from counterparties in the event of nonperformance, master netting agreements are used whenever possible and counterparties may be required to pledge collateral depending on the creditworthiness of each counterparty and the risk associated with the transaction.
Commodity price risk represents the potential impact that can be caused by a change in the market value of a particular commodity. SCE's electricity price exposure arises from energy purchased from and sold to wholesale markets as a result of differences between SCE's load requirements and the amount of energy delivered from its generating facilities and PPAs. SCE's natural gas price exposure arises from natural gas purchased for the Mountainview power plant and peaker plants, Qualifying Facilities contracts where pricing is based on a monthly natural gas index and PPAs in which SCE has agreed to provide the natural gas needed for generation, referred to as tolling arrangements.
Credit and Default Risk
Credit and default risk represent the potential impact that can be caused if a counterparty were to default on its contractual obligations and SCE would be exposed to spot markets for buying replacement power or selling excess power. In addition, SCE would be exposed to the risk of non-payment of accounts receivable, primarily related to the sales of excess power and realized gains on derivative instruments.
Certain power and gas contracts contain master netting agreements or similar agreements, which generally allow counterparties subject to the agreement to offset amounts when certain criteria are met, such as in the event of default. The objective of netting is to reduce credit exposure. Additionally, to reduce SCE's risk exposures counterparties may be required to pledge collateral depending on the creditworthiness of each counterparty and the risk associated with the transaction.
Certain power and gas contracts contain a provision that requires SCE to maintain an investment grade rating from the major credit rating agencies that have credit ratings for SCE, referred to as a credit-risk-related contingent feature. If SCE's credit rating were to fall below investment grade, SCE may be required to post additional collateral to cover derivative liabilities and the related outstanding payables. The net fair value of all derivative liabilities with these credit-risk-related contingent features were less than $1 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, for which SCE posted no collateral to its counterparties for its derivative liabilities and related outstanding payables for both periods. If the credit-risk-related contingent features underlying these agreements were triggered on June 30, 2022, SCE would be required to post $3 million of collateral, most of which is related to outstanding payables.
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
SCE presents its derivative assets and liabilities on a net basis on its consolidated balance sheets when subject to master netting agreements or similar agreements. Derivative positions are also offset against margin and cash collateral deposits. In addition, SCE has provided collateral in the form of letters of credit. Collateral requirements can vary depending upon the level of unsecured credit extended by counterparties, changes in market prices relative to contractual commitments and other factors. See Note 4 for a discussion of fair value of derivative instruments. The following table summarizes the gross and net fair values of SCE's commodity derivative instruments:
Derivative Assets
Derivative Liabilities
Short-Term1
Long-Term2
Short-Term
Long-Term
Net Assets
Commodity derivative contracts
Gross amounts recognized
Gross amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheets
(30)
Cash collateral posted and accrued3
Net amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets
Cash collateral posted3
Financial Statement Impact of Derivative Instruments
SCE recognizes realized gains and losses on derivative instruments as purchased power expense and expects that such gains or losses will be part of the purchased power costs recovered from customers. As a result, realized gains and losses do not affect earnings, but may temporarily affect cash flows. Due to expected future recovery from customers, unrealized gains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets and liabilities and therefore also do not affect earnings. The remaining effects of derivative activities and related regulatory offsets are reported in cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
The following table summarizes the components of SCE's economic hedging activity:
Realized gains
129
Unrealized (losses) gains
(88)
Notional Volumes of Derivative Instruments
The following table summarizes the notional volumes of derivatives used for SCE's economic hedging activities:
Unit of
Economic Hedges
Commodity
Measure
Electricity options, swaps and forwards
GWh
756
1,869
Natural gas options, swaps and forwards
Bcf
24,301
33,216
Note 7.Revenue
SCE's revenue is disaggregated by two revenue sources:
The following table is a summary of SCE's revenue:
Revenue from contracts with customers1,2
1,978
2,022
4,000
1,703
1,423
3,126
Alternative revenue programs and other operating revenue3
186
(190)
180
Revenues from contracts with customers1,2
3,963
3,397
7,360
3,407
2,618
6,025
468
597
190
234
Deferred Revenue
In July 2021, Morongo Transmission LLC ("Morongo") paid SCE $400 million for the use of a portion of the West of Devers transmission line transfer capability for a period of 30 years. SCE recognized the entire proceeds as deferred revenue and will amortize deferred revenue from the use of the transfer capability over the 30-year term on a straight-line basis resulting in revenue of $13 million per year. As of June 30, 2022, the deferred revenue is $387 million, of which $13 million and $374 million are included in "Other current liabilities" and "Other deferred credits and other long-term liabilities," respectively, on SCE's consolidated balance sheets. For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022, SCE has recognized revenue of $4 million and $7 million, respectively.
Note 8.Income Taxes
Effective Tax Rate
The table below provides a reconciliation of income tax expense computed at the federal statutory income tax rate to the income tax provision:
Income from operations before income taxes
Provision for income tax at federal statutory rate of 21%
90
Increase (decrease) in income tax from:
State tax, net of federal benefit
Property-related
(43)
(93)
(126)
Corporate-owned life insurance cash surrender value
Total income tax expense (benefit)
Effective tax rate
2.3
%
15.9
(12.6)
4.7
97
101
160
(13)
6.3
16.5
(3.7)
6.8
The CPUC requires flow-through ratemaking treatment for the current tax benefit arising from certain property-related and other temporary differences which reverse over time. Flow-through items reduce current authorized revenue requirements in SCE's rate cases and result in a regulatory asset for recovery of deferred income taxes in future periods. The difference between the authorized amounts as determined in SCE's rate cases, adjusted for balancing and memorandum account activities, and the recorded flow-through items also result in increases or decreases in regulatory assets with a corresponding impact on the effective tax rate to the extent that recorded deferred amounts are expected to be recovered in future rates. For further information, see Note 11.
Tax Disputes
Tax years that remain open for examination by the IRS and the California Franchise Tax Board ("FTB") are 2016 – 2021 and 2013 – 2021, respectively.
Note 9.Compensation and Benefit Plans
Pension Plans
Net periodic pension expense components are:
Service cost
Non-service cost (benefit)
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
(56)
(114)
(112)
Settlement costs1
Amortization of net loss2
Regulatory adjustment
Total non-service benefit3
(23)
(51)
Total expense recognized
(108)
(106)
(49)
Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions ("PBOP")
Net periodic PBOP expense components for Edison International and SCE are:
Amortization of net gain
Total non-service benefit1
Total expense
Future decommissioning costs related to SCE's nuclear assets are expected to be funded from independent decommissioning trusts.
The following table sets forth amortized cost and fair value of the trust investments (see Note 4 for a discussion of fair value of the trust investments):
Amortized Cost
Longest
Maturity Dates
Stocks
*
Municipal bonds
2058
843
875
905
1,033
Government and agency securities
2067
933
1,095
986
1,212
Corporate bonds
2070
371
446
Short-term investments and receivables/payables1
One-year
200
199
207
2,347
2,555
Trust fund earnings (based on specific identification) increase the trust fund balance and the asset retirement obligation ("ARO") regulatory liability. Unrealized holding gains, net of losses, were $1.5 billion and $2.1 billion at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Trust assets are used to pay income taxes arising from trust investing activity. Deferred tax liabilities related to net unrealized gains were $316 million and $517 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Accordingly, the fair value of trust assets available to pay future decommissioning costs, net of deferred income taxes, totaled $3.7 billion and $4.4 billion at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The following table summarizes the gains and losses for the trust investments:
Gross realized gains
140
251
Gross realized losses
Net unrealized (losses) gains for equity securities
(332)
(432)
Due to regulatory mechanisms, changes in assets of the trusts from income or loss items have no impact on operating revenue or earnings.
Edison International's Investments
Edison International holds strategic investments in companies focused on developing electric technologies and services. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, these investments consist of $6 million and $12 million of marketable securities, respectively, and $3 million of equity investments without readily determinable fair values for both periods (included as "Other investments" on Edison International's consolidated balance sheets). The unrealized loss for equity investments held is $3 million and $5 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, recorded as "Other income" on Edison International's consolidated statement of income. The unrealized gain for equity investments held was $12 million for both three months and six months ended June 30, 2021. For further information, see Note 4 and Note 15.
Regulatory Assets
SCE's regulatory assets included on the consolidated balance sheets are:
Current:
Regulatory balancing and memorandum accounts
1,824
1,591
Power contracts
168
Total current
Long-term:
Deferred income taxes, net of liabilities
4,947
4,770
Unamortized investments, net of accumulated amortization
113
114
Unamortized loss on reacquired debt
115
121
1,421
Environmental remediation
244
Recovery assets1
146
Total long-term
Total regulatory assets
9,884
9,438
Regulatory Liabilities
SCE's regulatory liabilities included on the consolidated balance sheets are:
506
553
Energy derivatives
Costs of removal
2,678
2,552
Re-measurement of deferred taxes
2,288
2,315
Recoveries in excess of ARO liabilities1
1,275
2,155
822
648
Pension and other postretirement benefits
1,289
1,281
Total regulatory liabilities
8,899
9,584
57
Net Regulatory Balancing and Memorandum Accounts
The following table summarizes the significant components of regulatory balancing and memorandum accounts included in the above tables of regulatory assets and liabilities:
Asset (liability)
Energy resource recovery account
759
Portfolio allocation balancing account
609
(183)
New system generation balancing account
Public purpose programs and energy efficiency programs
(1,340)
(1,066)
Base revenue requirement balancing account
1,528
849
GRC wildfire mitigation balancing accounts1
Residential uncollectibles balancing account
Greenhouse gas auction revenue and low carbon fuel standard revenue
(247)
(298)
FERC balancing accounts
Wildfire and drought restoration accounts2
308
Wildfire-related memorandum accounts3
633
1,456
COVID-19-related memorandum accounts
94
Customer service re-platform memorandum account4
Tax accounting memorandum account and pole loading balancing account
158
171
Excess bond and power charge balancing account5
(62)
Asset
1,917
2,287
Indemnities
Edison International and SCE have various financial and performance guarantees and indemnity agreements which are issued in the normal course of business.
Edison International and SCE have agreed to provide indemnifications through contracts entered into in the normal course of business. These are primarily indemnifications against adverse litigation outcomes in connection with underwriting agreements, indemnities for specified environmental liabilities and income taxes with respect to assets sold or other contractual arrangements. Edison International's and SCE's obligations under these agreements may or may not be limited in terms of time and/or amount, and in some instances Edison International and SCE may have recourse against third parties. Edison International and SCE have not recorded a liability related to these indemnities. The overall maximum amount of the obligations under these indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated.
In addition to the matters disclosed in these Notes, Edison International and SCE are involved in other legal, tax, and regulatory proceedings before various courts and governmental agencies regarding matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Edison International and SCE believe the outcome of each of these other proceedings will not materially affect its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Wildfires in SCE's territory, including those where SCE's equipment may be alleged to be associated with the fire's ignition, have caused loss of life and substantial damage in recent years. California has experienced unprecedented weather conditions in recent years due to climate change, and SCE's service territory remains susceptible to additional wildfire activity.
Numerous claims related to wildfire events have been initiated against SCE and Edison International. Edison International and SCE have incurred material losses in connection with the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events (defined below), which are described below. SCE's equipment has been, and may further be, alleged to be associated with several wildfires that have originated in Southern California subsequent to 2018, including the 2019/2020 Wildfires (defined below) and the Coastal Fire (defined below). Edison International and SCE expect that any losses incurred in connection with each of those post-2018 wildfires will be covered by insurance, subject to self-insured retentions and co-insurance, or third-party receivables, and expect that any such losses after recoveries will not be material.
Liability Overview
The extent of liability for wildfire-related damages in actions against utilities depends on a number of factors, including whether the utility substantially caused or contributed to the damages and whether parties seeking recovery of damages will be required to show negligence in addition to causation. California courts have previously found utilities to be strictly liable for property damage along with associated interest and attorneys' fees, regardless of fault, by applying the theory of inverse condemnation when a utility's facilities were determined to be a substantial cause of a wildfire that caused the property damage. If inverse condemnation is held to be inapplicable to SCE in connection with a wildfire, SCE still could be held liable for property damages and associated interest if the property damages were found to have been proximately caused by SCE's negligence. If SCE were to be found negligent, SCE could also be held liable for, among other things, fire suppression costs, business interruption losses, evacuation costs, clean-up costs, medical expenses, and personal injury/wrongful death claims. Additionally, SCE could potentially be subject to fines and penalties for alleged violations of CPUC rules and state laws investigated in connection with the ignition of a wildfire.
Final determinations of liability for wildfire events, including determinations of whether SCE was negligent, would only be made during lengthy and complex litigation processes. Even when investigations are still pending or liability is disputed, an
assessment of likely outcomes, including through future settlement of disputed claims, may require estimated losses to be accrued under accounting standards. Each reporting period, management reviews its loss estimates for remaining alleged and potential claims related to wildfire events. The process for estimating losses associated with alleged and potential wildfire related claims requires management to exercise significant judgment based on a number of assumptions and subjective factors, including, but not limited to: estimates of known and expected claims by third parties based on currently available information, opinions of counsel regarding litigation risk, the status of and developments in the course of litigation, and prior experience litigating and settling wildfire litigation claims. As additional information becomes available, management's estimates and assumptions regarding the causes and financial impact of wildfire events may change.
Wildfires in SCE's territory in December 2017 and November 2018 caused loss of life, substantial damage to both residential and business properties, and service outages for SCE customers. The investigating government agencies, the Ventura County Fire Department ("VCFD") and California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection ("CAL FIRE"), have determined that the largest of the 2017 fires in SCE's territory originated on December 4, 2017, in the Anlauf Canyon area of Ventura County (the investigating agencies refer to this fire as the "Thomas Fire"), followed shortly thereafter by a second fire that originated near Koenigstein Road in the City of Santa Paula (the "Koenigstein Fire"). The December 4, 2017 fires eventually burned substantial acreage in both Ventura and Santa Barbara Counties. According to CAL FIRE, the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires, collectively, burned over 280,000 acres, destroyed or damaged an estimated 1,343 structures and resulted in two confirmed fatalities. The largest of the November 2018 fires in SCE's territory, known as the "Woolsey Fire," originated in Ventura County and burned acreage in both Ventura and Los Angeles Counties. According to CAL FIRE, the Woolsey Fire burned almost 100,000 acres, destroyed an estimated 1,643 structures, damaged an estimated 364 structures and resulted in three confirmed fatalities. Four additional fatalities are alleged to have been associated with the Woolsey Fire.
As described below, multiple lawsuits related to the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires and the Woolsey Fire have been initiated against SCE and Edison International. Some of the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires lawsuits claim that SCE and Edison International have responsibility for the damages caused by debris flows and flooding in Montecito and surrounding areas in January 2018 (the "Montecito Mudslides") based on a theory alleging that SCE has responsibility for the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires and further alleging that the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires proximately caused the Montecito Mudslides. According to Santa Barbara County initial reports, the Montecito Mudslides destroyed an estimated 135 structures, damaged an estimated 324 structures, and resulted in 21 confirmed fatalities, with two additional fatalities presumed. One of the presumed fatalities has been confirmed.
The Thomas Fire, the Koenigstein Fire, the Montecito Mudslides (defined below) and the Woolsey Fire are each referred to as a "2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Event," and, collectively, referred to as the "2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events."
As of June 30, 2022, Edison International and SCE had paid $6.9 billion under executed settlements, had $86 million to be paid under executed settlements and had $0.9 billion of estimated losses for remaining alleged and potential claims and for the SED Agreement (defined below) reflected on their consolidated balance sheets related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. As of the same date, Edison International and SCE had assets for expected recoveries through FERC electric rates of $134 million on their consolidated balance sheets and had exhausted expected insurance recoveries related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events.
Edison International and SCE may incur a material loss in excess of amounts accrued in connection with the remaining alleged and potential claims related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. Due to the number of uncertainties and possible outcomes related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation, Edison International and SCE cannot estimate the upper end of the range of reasonably possible losses that may be incurred.
Estimated losses for the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation are based on a number of assumptions and are subject to change as additional information becomes available. Actual losses incurred may be higher or lower than estimated based
on several factors, including the uncertainty in estimating damages that have been or may be alleged. For instance, SCE will receive additional information with respect to damages claimed, particularly with respect to plaintiffs in the Woolsey litigation, as milestones in the litigation are met. Other factors that can cause actual losses incurred to be higher or lower than estimated include the ability to reach settlements through the ongoing claims mediation processes, uncertainties related to the litigation processes, uncertainty as to the legal and factual determinations to be made during litigation, including uncertainty as to the contributing causes of the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events, the complexities associated with fires that merge and whether inverse condemnation will be held applicable to SCE with respect to damages caused by the Montecito Mudslides, and the uncertainty as to how these factors impact future settlements.
The CPUC and FERC may not allow SCE to recover uninsured losses through electric rates if it is determined that such losses were not reasonably or prudently incurred. SCE will seek rate recovery of prudently-incurred actual losses and related costs realized in connection with the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events in excess of available insurance, other than for any obligations under the SED Agreement (as defined below). See "Loss Estimates for Third Party Claims and Potential Recoveries from Insurance and through Electric Rates" below for additional information.
External Investigations and Internal Review
The VCFD and CAL FIRE have jointly issued reports concerning their findings regarding the causes of the Thomas Fire and the Koenigstein Fire. The reports did not address the causes of the Montecito Mudslides. SCE has also received a non-final redacted draft of a report from the VCFD regarding Woolsey Fire (the "Redacted Woolsey Report"). SCE cannot predict when the VCFD will release its final report regarding the Woolsey Fire. The VCFD and CAL FIRE findings do not determine legal causation of or assign legal liability for the Thomas, Koenigstein or Woolsey Fires; final determinations of legal causation and liability would only be made during lengthy and complex litigation.
The CPUC's Safety and Enforcement Division ("SED") conducted investigations to assess SCE's compliance with applicable rules and regulations in areas impacted by the Thomas, Koenigstein and Woolsey Fires. As discussed below, in October 2021, SCE and the SED executed the SED Agreement (as defined below) to resolve the SED's investigations into the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events.
The California Attorney General's Office has completed its investigation of the Thomas Fire and the Woolsey Fire without pursuing criminal charges.
SCE's internal review into the facts and circumstances of each of the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events is complex and time consuming. SCE expects to obtain and review additional information and materials in the possession of third parties during the course of its internal reviews and the litigation processes.
On March 13, 2019, the VCFD and CAL FIRE jointly issued a report concluding, after ruling out other possible causes, that the Thomas Fire was started by SCE power lines coming into contact during high winds, resulting in molten metal falling to the ground. However, the report does not state that their investigation found molten metal on the ground. At this time, based on available information, SCE has not determined whether its equipment caused the Thomas Fire. Based on publicly available radar data showing a smoke plume in the Anlauf Canyon area emerging in advance of the report's indicated start time, SCE believes that the Thomas Fire started at least 12 minutes prior to any issue involving SCE's system and at least 15 minutes prior to the start time indicated in the report. SCE is continuing to assess the extent of damages that may be attributable to the Thomas Fire.
On March 20, 2019, the VCFD and CAL FIRE jointly issued a report finding that the Koenigstein Fire was caused when an energized SCE electrical wire separated and fell to the ground along with molten metal particles and ignited the dry
vegetation below. As previously disclosed, SCE believes that its equipment was associated with the ignition of the Koenigstein Fire. SCE is continuing to assess the extent of damages that may be attributable to the Koenigstein Fire.
SCE's internal review includes inquiry into whether the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires proximately caused or contributed to the Montecito Mudslides, whether, and to what extent, the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires were responsible for the damages in the Montecito area and other factors that potentially contributed to the losses that resulted from the Montecito Mudslides. Many other factors, including, but not limited to, weather conditions and insufficiently or improperly designed and maintained debris basins, roads, bridges and other channel crossings, could have proximately caused, contributed to or exacerbated the losses that resulted from the Montecito Mudslides.
At this time, based on available information, SCE has not been able to determine whether the Thomas Fire or the Koenigstein Fire, or both, were responsible for the damages in the Montecito area. In the event that SCE is determined to have caused the fire that spread to the Montecito area, SCE cannot predict whether, if fully litigated, the courts would conclude that the Montecito Mudslides were caused or contributed to by the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires or that SCE would be liable for some or all of the damages caused by the Montecito Mudslides.
SCE's internal review into the facts and circumstances of the Woolsey Fire is ongoing. SCE has reported to the CPUC that there was an outage on SCE's electric system in the vicinity of where the Woolsey Fire reportedly began on November 8, 2018. SCE is aware of witnesses who saw fire in the vicinity of SCE's equipment at the time the fire was first reported. While SCE did not find evidence of downed electrical wires on the ground in the suspected area of origin, it observed a pole support wire in proximity to an electrical wire that was energized prior to the outage.
The Redacted Woolsey Report states that the VCFD investigation team determined that electrical equipment owned and operated by SCE was the cause of the Woolsey Fire. Absent additional evidence, SCE believes that it is likely that its equipment was associated with the ignition of the Woolsey Fire. SCE expects to obtain and review additional information and materials in the possession of CAL FIRE and others during the course of its internal review and the Woolsey Fire litigation process, including SCE equipment that has been retained by CAL FIRE.
Litigation
Multiple lawsuits related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events naming SCE as a defendant have been filed by three categories of plaintiffs: individual plaintiffs, subrogation plaintiffs and public entity plaintiffs. A number of the lawsuits also name Edison International as a defendant and some of the lawsuits were filed as purported class actions. The litigation could take a number of years to be resolved because of the complexity of the matters and number of plaintiffs.
On October 4, 2018, the Los Angeles Superior Court denied Edison International's and SCE's challenge to the application of inverse condemnation to SCE with respect to the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires and, on February 26, 2019, the California Supreme Court denied SCE's petition to review the Superior Court's decision. In January 2019, SCE filed a cross-complaint against certain local public entities alleging that failures by these entities, such as failure to adequately plan for flood hazards and build and maintain adequate debris basins, roads, bridges and other channel crossings, among other things, caused, contributed to or exacerbated the losses that resulted from the Montecito Mudslides. These cross-claims in the Montecito Mudslides litigation were not released as part of the Local Public Entity Settlements (as defined below).
In the fourth quarter of 2019, SCE paid $360 million to a number of local public entities to resolve those parties' collective claims arising from the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events (the "Local Public Entity Settlements").
In the third quarter of 2020, Edison International and SCE entered into an agreement (the "TKM Subrogation Settlement") under which all of the insurance subrogation plaintiffs' in the Thomas Fire, Koenigstein Fire and Montecito Mudslides litigation (the "TKM Subrogation Plaintiffs") collective claims arising from the Thomas Fire, Koenigstein Fire or Montecito Mudslides have been resolved. Under the TKM Subrogation Settlement, SCE paid the TKM Subrogation Plaintiffs an aggregate of $1.2 billion in October 2020 and also agreed to pay $0.555 for each dollar in claims to be paid by the TKM Subrogation Plaintiffs to their policy holders on or before July 15, 2023, up to an agreed upon cap.
In January 2021, Edison International and SCE entered into an agreement (the "Woolsey Subrogation Settlement") under which all of the insurance subrogation plaintiffs' in the Woolsey Fire litigation (the "Woolsey Subrogation Plaintiffs") collective claims arising from the Woolsey Fire have been resolved. Under the Woolsey Subrogation Settlement, SCE paid the Woolsey Subrogation Plaintiffs an aggregate of $2.2 billion in March and April 2021. SCE has also agreed to pay $0.67 for each dollar in claims to be paid by the Woolsey Subrogation Plaintiffs to their policy holders on or before July 15, 2023, up to an agreed upon cap.
As of June 30, 2022, SCE has also entered into settlements with approximately 8,000 individual plaintiffs in the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation. In 2020 and 2021, SCE entered into settlements with individual plaintiffs in the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation under which it agreed to pay an aggregate of approximately $300 million and $1.7 billion, respectively, to those individual plaintiffs. In the first and second quarters of 2022 SCE entered into settlements with individual plaintiffs in the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation under which it agreed to pay an aggregate of approximately $700 million and $400 million, respectively, to those individual plaintiffs.
Edison International and SCE did not admit wrongdoing or liability as part of any of the settlements described above. Other claims and potential claims related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events remain. SCE continues to explore reasonable settlement opportunities with other plaintiffs in the outstanding 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events litigation.
In October 2021, SCE and the SED executed an agreement (the "SED Agreement") to resolve the SED's investigations into the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events and three other 2017 wildfires for, among other things, aggregate costs of $550 million. The $550 million in costs is comprised of a $110 million fine to be paid to the State of California General Fund, $65 million of shareholder-funded safety measures, and an agreement by SCE to waive its right to seek cost recovery in CPUC-jurisdictional rates for $375 million of third-party uninsured claims payments. The SED Agreement provides that SCE may, on a permanent basis, exclude from its ratemaking capital structure any after-tax charges to equity or debt borrowed to finance costs incurred under the SED Agreement. The SED Agreement also imposes other obligations on SCE, including reporting requirements and safety-focused studies. The CPUC initially approved the SED Agreement in December 2021. In response to a legal challenge by The Utility Reform Network, the matter was remanded for further analysis of the factors required to be considered for penalty assessments relative to the SED Agreement. In July 2022, the CPUC issued a revised resolution considering the penalty assessment factors and re-approving the SED Agreement. The deadline for The Utility Reform Network to file an appeal is August 15, 2022. SCE's obligations under the SED Agreement will only commence after CPUC approval of the SED Agreement is final and non-appealable. SCE did not admit imprudence, negligence or liability with respect to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events in the SED Agreement.
Loss Estimates for Third Party Claims and Potential Recoveries from Insurance and through Electric Rates
At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, Edison International's and SCE's consolidated balance sheets include fixed payments to be made under executed settlement agreements and accrued estimated losses of $1.0 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively, for the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events. The following table presents changes in estimated losses since December 31, 2021:
Balance at December 31, 20211
1,734
Increase in accrued estimated losses
416
Amounts paid
(1,171)
Balance at June 30, 20222
979
For events that occurred in 2017 and early 2018, principally the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires and Montecito Mudslides, SCE had $1.0 billion of wildfire-specific insurance coverage, subject to a self-insured retention of $10 million per occurrence. For the Woolsey Fire, SCE had an additional $1.0 billion of wildfire-specific insurance coverage, subject to a self-insured retention of $10 million per occurrence. Edison International and SCE record a receivable for insurance recoveries when recovery of a recorded loss is determined to be probable.
In total, through June 30, 2022, SCE has accrued estimated losses of $7.9 billion, has paid or agreed to pay approximately $7.0 billion in settlements and has recovered $2.0 billion from its insurance carriers in relation to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events.
Recovery of SCE's actual losses realized in connection with the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events in excess of available insurance is subject to approval by regulators. Under accounting standards for rate-regulated enterprises, SCE defers costs as regulatory assets when it concludes that such costs are probable of future recovery in electric rates. SCE utilizes objectively determinable evidence to form its view on probability of future recovery. The only directly comparable precedent in which a California investor-owned utility has sought recovery for uninsured wildfire-related costs is SDG&E's requests for cost recovery related to 2007 wildfire activity, where the FERC allowed recovery of all FERC-jurisdictional wildfire-related costs while the CPUC rejected recovery of all CPUC-jurisdictional wildfire-related costs based on a determination that SDG&E did not meet the CPUC's prudency standard. As a result, while SCE does not agree with the CPUC's decision, it believes that the CPUC's interpretation and application of the prudency standard to SDG&E creates substantial uncertainty regarding how that standard will be applied to an investor-owned utility in wildfire cost-recovery proceedings for fires ignited prior to July 12, 2019. SCE will continue to evaluate the probability of recovery based on available evidence, including judicial, legislative and regulatory decisions, including any CPUC decisions illustrating the interpretation and/or application of the prudency standard when making determinations regarding recovery of uninsured wildfire-related costs. While the CPUC has not made a determination regarding SCE's prudency relative to any of the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events, SCE is unable to conclude, at this time, that uninsured CPUC-jurisdictional wildfire-related costs are probable of recovery through
electric rates. SCE would record a regulatory asset at the time it obtains sufficient information to support a conclusion that recovery is probable.
In July 2019, SCE filed a CEMA application with the CPUC to seek recovery of, among other things, approximately $60 million of capital expenditures and capital related expenses incurred to restore service to customers and to repair, replace and restore buildings and SCE's facilities damaged or destroyed as a result of six 2017 fires, primarily the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires. In August 2021, the CPUC issued a final decision which denied without prejudice SCE's application to recover a revenue requirement of $8 million for all six 2017 wildfires on the basis that SCE did not demonstrate that it was prudent in relation to the Thomas and Rye fires and had failed to segregate the costs attributable to the other four fires. Of the $8 million revenue requirement that was denied, $6 million was for the Thomas and Rye fires. CAL FIRE has determined that the Thomas and Rye fires were caused by SCE equipment. The decision allows SCE to submit additional applications with the CPUC to recover the costs associated with the Thomas and Rye fires, does not specify a deadline for any such applications, and directs that SCE must prove it was prudent in relation to the Thomas and/or Rye fires, as applicable, in any such future applications. As required by the final decision with respect to the other four fires, SCE filed supplemental testimony in November 2021 segregating the restoration costs attributable to each such fire. In June 2022, the CPUC approved SCE's entire request with respect to the other four fires. As of June 30, 2022, SCE has $182 million in assets recorded in property, plant and equipment in relation to restoration costs related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events which may not be recoverable. These assets would be impaired if the restoration costs are permanently disallowed by the CPUC in future cost recovery proceedings. SCE continues to incur costs for reconstructing its system and restoring service to structures that were damaged or destroyed by the Thomas, Koenigstein and Woolsey Fires and plans to file additional applications with the CPUC to recover such costs.
Through the operation of its FERC Formula Rate, and based upon the precedent established in SDG&E's recovery of FERC-jurisdictional wildfire-related costs, SCE believes it is probable it will recover its FERC-jurisdictional wildfire and mudslide related costs and has recorded total expected recoveries of $326 million within the FERC balancing account. This was the FERC portion of the total estimated losses accrued. As of June 30, 2022, collections have reduced the regulatory assets remaining in the FERC balancing account to $134 million.
2019/2020 Wildfires
Several wildfires significantly impacted portions of SCE's service territory in 2019 and 2020 (the wildfires that originated in Southern California in 2019 and 2020 where SCE's equipment may be alleged to be associated with the fire's ignition are referred to collectively as the "2019/2020 Wildfires"). As of June 30, 2022, Edison International and SCE had estimated losses (established at the lower end of the estimated range of reasonably possible losses) of $269 million, and expected recoveries from insurance of approximately $214 million, reflected on their consolidated balance sheets related to the 2019/2020 Wildfires.
One of the 2019/2020 Wildfires, the "Saddle Ridge Fire," originated in Los Angeles county in October 2019 and burned approximately 9,000 acres, destroyed an estimated 19 structures, damaged an estimated 88 structures, and resulted in injuries to 8 individuals and one fatality. An investigation into the cause of the Saddle Ridge Fire is being led by the Los Angeles Fire Department. Based on pending litigation and without considering insurance recoveries, it is reasonably possible that SCE will incur a material loss in connection with the Saddle Ridge Fire, but the range of reasonably possible losses that could be incurred cannot be estimated at this time. SCE has not accrued a charge for potential losses relating to the Saddle Ridge Fire.
Another of the 2019/2020 Wildfires, the "Bobcat Fire" was reported in the vicinity of Cogswell Dam in Los Angeles County, California in September 2020. The United States Forest Service ("USFS") has reported that the Bobcat Fire burned approximately 116,000 acres in Los Angeles County, destroyed an estimated 87 homes, 1 commercial property and 83 minor structures, damaged an estimated 28 homes and 19 minor structures, and resulted in injuries to 6 firefighters. In addition, the USFS has estimated suppression costs at $80 million. A camera in the vicinity of Cogswell Dam captured the initial stages of a fire with the first observed smoke approximately six minutes before an SCE circuit in the area experienced an anomaly (a
65
relay). An investigation into the cause of the Bobcat Fire is being led by the USFS, and the USFS has taken a specific section of an SCE overhead conductor in the vicinity of Cogswell Dam into possession as part of its investigation. SCE understands that the USFS has also taken three tree branches in the area into possession. The SED is also conducting an investigation of the Bobcat Fire. SCE has accrued material charges for potential losses relating to the Bobcat Fire. The accrued charges correspond to the lower end of the estimated range of reasonably possible losses that may be incurred in connection with the Bobcat Fire and is subject to change as additional information becomes available. While Edison International and SCE may incur a material loss in excess of the amount accrued, they cannot estimate the upper end of the range of reasonably possible losses that may be incurred.
Coastal Fire
The "Coastal Fire" originated in Orange County in May 2022 and burned approximately 200 acres. The Orange County Fire Authority ("OCFA") has reported that the Coastal Fire destroyed 20 residential structures and damaged 11 residential structures. In addition, two firefighters reportedly sustained minor injuries. An SCE circuit in the area experienced an anomaly (a relay) approximately 2 minutes prior to the reported time of the fire. An investigation into the cause of the Coastal Fire is being led by the OCFA. The OCFA has retained SCE equipment in connection with its investigation. Based on pending litigation and without considering insurance recoveries, it is reasonably possible that SCE will incur a material loss in connection with the Coastal Fire, but the range of reasonably possible losses that could be incurred cannot be estimated at this time. SCE has not accrued a charge for potential losses relating to the Coastal Fire.
Wildfire Insurance Coverage
SCE has approximately $1.0 billion of wildfire-specific insurance coverage for events that may occur during the period July 1, 2022 through June 30, 2023, subject to $50 million of self-insured retention and up to approximately $13 million of co-insurance, which results in aggregate net coverage of approximately $937 million. Of this coverage, approximately $835 million is provided by commercial insurers and approximately $102 million is provided by Edison Insurance Services ("EIS"). SCE had approximately $1.0 billion of wildfire-specific insurance coverage for events that occurred during the period July 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022, subject to $50 million of self-insured retention and up to approximately $75 million of co-insurance, which resulted in net coverage of approximately $875 million provided by commercial insurers plus $28 million provided by EIS for part of the policy year.
Various coverage limitations within the policies that make up SCE's wildfire insurance coverage could result in additional material self-insured costs, for instance in the event of multiple wildfire occurrences during a policy period. SCE believes that its insurance coverage for the July 1, 2022 through June 30, 2023 period meets its obligation to maintain reasonable insurance coverage under AB 1054.
SCE's wildfire insurance expense for the July 1, 2022 through June 30, 2023 policy period, prior to any regulatory deferrals, will be approximately $450 million, of which $357 million is paid to commercial insurance carriers. SCE's wildfire insurance expense for the July 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022 policy period, prior to any regulatory deferrals, was approximately $437 million, of which $413 million was paid to commercial insurance carriers. The difference between the commercial insurance cost and total cost in both policy years was paid in premiums to EIS. Wildfire insurance premiums paid for the July 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022 and July 1, 2022 through June 30, 2023 policy periods are being recovered through customer rates. See Note 17 for further information.
While SCE's cost of obtaining commercial wildfire insurance coverage was lower in 2022 compared to 2021, SCE's cost of obtaining wildfire insurance coverage in recent years is significantly higher than costs incurred prior to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events due to, among other things, the number of significant wildfire events throughout California and the application of inverse condemnation to investor-owned utilities. While SCE is required to maintain reasonable insurance
coverage under AB 1054, SCE may not be able to obtain a reasonable amount of wildfire insurance, at a reasonable cost, from commercial insurers for future policy periods.
Employment Litigation Matter
In August 2017, Justin Page and Alfredo Martinez, brought a lawsuit against SCE and Edison International in Los Angeles Superior Court ("Page/Martinez Matter"). Both Mr. Page and Mr. Martinez brought claims of retaliation and failure to prevent retaliation based on allegations that while they were employees of SCE they were retaliated against for reporting harassment of various female employees of SCE. Mr. Page additionally claimed that he was subjected to sexual harassment during the course of his employment. In June 2022, a jury found in favor of Mr. Page and Mr. Martinez and awarded them aggregate compensatory damages of $24.6 million and aggregate punitive damages of $440 million. In July 2022 the parties entered into agreements to resolve Mr. Page's and Mr. Martinez's collective claims in the Page/Martinez Matter. Edison International and SCE did not admit wrongdoing or liability as part of the settlement. Edison International and SCE have accrued a liability, net of expected recoveries from insurance, of $23 million as of June 30, 2022.
Environmental Remediation
SCE records its environmental remediation and restoration liabilities when site assessments and/or remedial actions are probable and a range of reasonably likely cleanup costs can be estimated. SCE reviews its sites and measures the liability quarterly, by assessing a range of reasonably likely costs for each identified site using currently available information, including existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations, experience gained at similar sites, and the probable level of involvement and financial condition of other potentially responsible parties. These estimates include costs for site investigations, remediation, operation and maintenance, monitoring, and site closure. Unless there is a single probable amount, SCE records the lower end of this reasonably likely range of costs (reflected in "Other long-term liabilities") at undiscounted amounts as timing of cash flows is uncertain.
At June 30, 2022, SCE's recorded estimated minimum liability to remediate its 26 identified material sites (sites with a liability balance at June 30, 2022, in which the upper end of the range of expected costs is at least $1 million) was $259 million, including $166 million related to San Onofre. In addition to these sites, SCE also has 14 immaterial sites with a liability balance as of June 30, 2022, for which the total minimum recorded liability was $4 million. Of the $263 million total environmental remediation liability for SCE, $244 million has been recorded as a regulatory asset. SCE expects to recover $38 million through an incentive mechanism that allows SCE to recover 90% of its environmental remediation costs at certain sites (SCE may request to include additional sites in this mechanism) and $206 million through proceedings that allow SCE to recover up to 100% of the costs incurred at certain sites through customer rates. SCE's identified sites include several sites for which there is a lack of currently available information, including the nature and magnitude of contamination, and the extent, if any, that SCE may be held responsible for contributing to any costs incurred for remediating these sites. Thus, no reasonable estimate of cleanup costs can be made for these sites.
The ultimate costs to clean up SCE's identified sites may vary from its recorded liability due to numerous uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, such as: the extent and nature of contamination; the scarcity of reliable data for identified sites; the varying costs of alternative cleanup methods; developments resulting from investigatory studies; the possibility of identifying additional sites; and the time periods over which site remediation is expected to occur. SCE believes that, due to these uncertainties, it is reasonably possible that cleanup costs at the identified material sites and immaterial sites could exceed its recorded liability by up to $118 million and $9 million, respectively. The upper limit of this range of costs was estimated using assumptions least favorable to SCE among a range of reasonably possible outcomes.
SCE expects to clean up and mitigate its identified sites over a period of up to 40 years. Remediation costs for each of the next five years are expected to range from $7 million to $27 million. Costs incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $4 million and $5 million, respectively.
Based upon the CPUC's regulatory treatment of environmental remediation costs incurred at SCE, SCE believes that costs ultimately recorded will not materially affect its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. There can be no assurance, however, that future developments, including additional information about existing sites or the identification of new sites, will not require material revisions to estimates.
Nuclear Insurance
SCE is a member of Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited ("NEIL"), a mutual insurance company owned by entities with nuclear facilities. NEIL provides insurance for nuclear property damage, including damages caused by acts of terrorism up to specified limits, and for accidental outages for active facilities. The amount of nuclear property damage insurance purchased for San Onofre and Palo Verde exceeds the minimum federal requirement of $50 million and $1.1 billion, respectively. If NEIL losses at any nuclear facility covered by the arrangement were to exceed the accumulated funds for these insurance programs, SCE could be assessed retrospective premium adjustments of up to approximately $30 million per year.
Federal law limits public offsite liability claims for bodily injury and property damage from a nuclear incident to the amount of available financial protection, which is currently approximately $13.5 billion for Palo Verde and $560 million for San Onofre. SCE and other owners of San Onofre and Palo Verde have purchased the maximum private primary insurance available through a Facility Form issued by American Nuclear Insurers. SCE withdrew from participation in the secondary insurance pool for San Onofre for offsite liability insurance effective January 5, 2018. Based on its ownership interests in Palo Verde, SCE could be required to pay a maximum of approximately $65 million per nuclear incident for future incidents. However, it would have to pay no more than approximately $10 million per future incident in any one year. Based on its ownership interests in San Onofre and Palo Verde prior to January 5, 2018, SCE could be required to pay a maximum of approximately $255 million per nuclear incident and a maximum of $38 million per year per incident for liabilities arising from events prior to January 5, 2018, although SCE is not aware of any such events.
Upstream Lighting Program
From 2017 – 2019, SCE administered the Upstream Lighting Program, part of a statewide program administered by investor-owned utilities that offered discounted energy efficient light bulbs to customers through incentives to lighting manufacturers. The CPUC began investigating the programs administered by the investor-owned utilities based on reports that investor-owned utilities, including SCE, shipped a significant number of bulbs under the program that could not be tracked to customers. Beginning in January 2020, the CPUC has sought comments on remedies related to SCE's implementation of the Upstream Lighting Program from 2017 through 2019 program years. SCE undertook an independent investigation of bulbs shipped to retailers categorized as grocery and discount businesses during the 2017 to 2019 program years and found that there were overstocking of bulbs and program management shortcomings. Incentives paid to manufacturers for bulbs shipped to grocery and discount businesses during the relevant period, including those that were sold to customers, were approximately $91 million. In addition, SCE received incentives related to the bulbs shipped to grocery and discount businesses through an energy efficiency incentive mechanism ("ESPI Mechanism") of approximately $3.5 million related to the bulbs shipped in 2017 and 2018. SCE may also receive incentives of approximately $1.3 million under the ESPI Mechanism in 2022 related to bulbs shipped to grocery and discount businesses in 2018 and 2019.
In January 2021, the Public Advocates Office and The Utility Reform Network provided comments to the CPUC arguing that SCE imprudently managed the program. In March 2021, SCE filed comments arguing that remedies of approximately $21 million are appropriate. In May 2022, the CPUC issued an order directing SCE to show cause as to why SCE should not be required to: (i) refund ratepayer funding for the portion of the program budget associated with light bulbs that were unaccounted for, (ii) refund ESPI awards associated with unaccounted-for light bulbs, and (iii) pay penalties for misrepresenting program progress and results to the CPUC. In June 2022, SCE responded to the order, again arguing that remedies of approximately $21 million are appropriate. In July 2022, the Public Advocates Office and The Utility Reform Network responded to the order requesting: a refund of $33 million of ESPI awards, which includes incentives associated
with the Upstream Lighting Program and other energy efficiency programs; a refund of $92 million of incentives paid to manufacturers and associated program administrative costs; $98 million in fines.
SCE has accrued a charge for potential losses relating to the Upstream Lighting Program. The accrued charge corresponds to the lower end of the estimated range of reasonably possible losses that may be incurred in connection with the Upstream Lighting Program and is subject to change as additional information becomes available. While Edison International and SCE may incur a material loss in excess of the amount accrued, they cannot estimate the upper end of the range of reasonably possible losses that may be incurred.
Common Stock Issuances
Edison International continued to settle its ongoing common stock requirements of various internal programs through issuance of new common stock. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, 393,863 shares of common stock were issued as stock compensation awards for net cash receipts of $20 million, 64,531 shares of new common stock were issued in lieu of distributing $5 million to shareholders opting to receive dividend payments in the form of additional common stock and 31,000 shares of common stock were issued to employees through the 401(k) defined contribution savings plan for net cash receipts of $2 million as dividend payments.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, 784,832 shares of common stock were issued as stock compensation awards for net cash receipts of $31 million, 136,346 shares of new common stock were issued in lieu of distributing $9 million to shareholders opting to receive dividend payments in the form of additional common stock, 71,000 shares of common stock were issued to employees through the 401(k) defined contribution savings plan for net cash receipts of $5 million as dividend payments, 14,269 shares of common stock were issued to employees through the Employee Stock Purchase Plan for net cash receipts of $1 million and 12,864 shares of common stock were issued to employees through voluntary cash purchases for net cash receipts of $1 million.
In February 2022, Edison International terminated its "at-the-market" ("ATM") program established in May 2019. Edison International did not issue any shares during 2022 through the ATM program.
Equity Contributions
For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, SCE received a total of $700 million in capital contributions from Edison International Parent to support SCE's capital program, maintain the equity portion of SCE's capital structure at authorized levels and for general corporate purposes.
Edison International's accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, consist of:
Pension and PBOP – net loss:
Reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss1
Ending Balance
SCE's accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, consists of:
Other income net of expenses is as follows:
SCE other income (expense):
Equity allowance for funds used during construction
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies and life insurance benefits
Interest income
Net periodic benefit income – non-service components
Civic, political and related activities and donations
Total SCE other income
Other income (expense) of Edison International Parent and Other:
Net (losses) gains on equity securities
Total Edison International other income
Supplemental cash flows information is:
Cash payments (receipts):
Interest, net of amounts capitalized
408
375
345
Income taxes, net
(87)
(42)
Non-cash financing and investing activities:
Dividends declared but not paid:
Common stock
252
Preference stock of SCE
SCE's accrued capital expenditures at June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $609 million and $478 million, respectively. Accrued capital expenditures will be included as an investing activity in the consolidated statements of cash flow in the period paid.
SCE has previously purchased wildfire liability insurance from Edison Insurance Services, Inc. ("EIS"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Edison International. In July 2022, SCE purchased wildfire liability insurance for premiums of $273 million, from EIS. EIS fully reinsured the exposure for these policies through the commercial reinsurance market, with reinsurance limits and premiums equal to those of the insurance purchased by SCE, except for a contract for a premium of $93 million under which EIS provided insurance protection to SCE. SCE will record the premium as insurance expense and will record equal revenue due to customer funding through regulatory cost recovery mechanisms, therefore there will be no earnings impact on SCE's consolidated statement of income. EIS will record the premium as insurance revenue. On the Edison International consolidated statement of income, the EIS insurance revenue will eliminate with SCE's insurance expense, therefore the SCE customer revenues will impact the earnings of Edison International.
The related-party transactions included in SCE's consolidated balance sheets for wildfire-related insurance purchased from EIS and related expected insurance recoveries were as follows:
Prepaid insurance1
Long-term insurance receivable due from affiliate
Reflected in "Prepaid expenses" on SCE's consolidated balance sheets.
The expense for wildfire-related insurance premiums paid to EIS was $40 million and $44 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and $79 million and $87 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The management of Edison International and SCE, under the supervision and with the participation of Edison International's and SCE's respective Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officers, have evaluated the effectiveness of Edison International's and SCE's disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), respectively, as of the end of the second quarter of 2022. Based on that evaluation, Edison International's and SCE's respective Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officers have each concluded that, as of the end of the period, Edison International's and SCE's disclosure controls and procedures, respectively, were effective.
There were no changes in Edison International's or SCE's internal control over financial reporting, respectively, during the second quarter of 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Edison International's or SCE's internal control over financial reporting.
Edison International's and SCE's respective scope of evaluation of internal control over financial reporting includes their Jointly Owned Utility Projects as discussed in "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 2. Property, Plant and Equipment" in the 2021 Form 10-K.
As of July 21, 2022, SCE was aware of approximately 150 currently pending lawsuits, representing approximately 1,500 plaintiffs, related to the Thomas and Koenigstein Fires naming SCE as a defendant. Approximately 80 of the approximately 150 pending lawsuits also name Edison International as a defendant based on its ownership and alleged control of SCE. One of the lawsuits was filed as a purported class action. The lawsuits, which have been filed in the superior courts of Ventura, Santa Barbara and Los Angeles Counties allege, among other things, negligence, inverse condemnation, trespass, private nuisance, and violations of the public utilities and health and safety codes. SCE and certain of the individual plaintiffs in the Thomas and Koenigstein Fire litigation have been pursuing settlements of claims under a mediation program adopted to promote an efficient and orderly settlement process. Some individual plaintiffs have opted to pursue trial outside of the settlement program.
Approximately 30 of the approximately 150 pending lawsuits mentioned in the paragraph above allege that SCE has responsibility for the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires and that the Thomas and/or Koenigstein Fires proximately caused the Montecito Mudslides, resulting in the plaintiffs' claimed damages. Many of the Montecito Mudslides lawsuits also name Edison International as a defendant based on its ownership and alleged control of SCE. In addition to other causes of action, some of the Montecito Mudslides lawsuits also allege personal injury and wrongful death. A bellwether jury trial previously scheduled for October 12, 2020 was vacated due to the wide-spread disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
As of July 21, 2022, SCE was aware of approximately 370 currently pending lawsuits, representing approximately 4,500 plaintiffs, related to the Woolsey Fire naming SCE as a defendant. Approximately 110 of the 370 lawsuits also name Edison
International as a defendant based on its ownership and alleged control of SCE. At least one of the lawsuits was filed as a purported class action. The lawsuits, which have been filed in the superior courts of Ventura and Los Angeles Counties allege, among other things, negligence, inverse condemnation, personal injury, wrongful death, trespass, private nuisance, and violations of the public utilities and health and safety codes. SCE and certain of the individual plaintiffs in the Woolsey Fire litigation have been pursuing settlements of claims under a mediation program adopted to promote an efficient and orderly settlement process. Some individual plaintiffs may opt to pursue trial outside of the settlement program.
The Thomas and Koenigstein Fires and Montecito Mudslides lawsuits are being coordinated in the Los Angeles Superior Court. The Woolsey Fire lawsuits have also been coordinated in the Los Angeles Superior Court.
For further information, including regarding settlement activity related to the 2017/2018 Wildfire/Mudslide Events, see "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies—Contingencies—Southern California Wildfires and Mudslides."
Each of Edison International and SCE have elected to disclose environmental proceedings described in Item 103(c)(3)(iii) of Regulation SK unless it reasonably believes that such proceeding will result in no monetary sanctions, or in monetary sanctions, exclusive of interest and costs, of less than $1,000,000.
Exhibit Number
Description
10.1
Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of April 8, 2022, among Edison International, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties thereto (File No. 1-9936, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Edison International’s Form 8-K dated and filed April 8, 2022)*
10.2
Second Amendment, dated as of May 4, 2022, to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 17, 2018, as amended by the First Amendment, dated as of April 30, 2021, by and among Edison International, the several banks and other financial institutions party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (File No. 1-9936, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Edison International’s Form 8-K dated and filed May 4, 2022)*
10.3
Second Amendment, dated as of May 4, 2022, to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 17, 2018, as amended by the First Amendment, dated as of April 30, 2021, and as supplemented by the Commitment Increase Supplement, dated as of April 30, 2021, by and among Southern California Edison Company, the several banks and other financial institutions party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (File No. 1-2313, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Southern California Edison Company’s Form 8-K dated and filed May 4, 2022)*
10.4
First Amendment, dated as of May 9, 2022, to the Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of May 10, 2021, among Southern California Edison Company, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties thereto and Royal Bank of Canada, as administrative agent (File No 1-2313, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Southern California Edison Company’s Form 8-K dated and filed May 9, 2022)*
31.1
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Edison International pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
31.2
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Southern California Edison Company pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
32.1
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of Edison International required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
32.2
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of Southern California Edison Company required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
101.1
Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Edison International for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, filed on July 28, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
101.2
Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Southern California Edison Company for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, filed on July 28, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iii) the Consolidated
Balance Sheets; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
104
The cover page of this report formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101)
* Incorporated by reference pursuant to Rule 12b-32.
Edison International and SCE will furnish a copy of any exhibit listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index upon written request and upon payment to Edison International or SCE of their reasonable expenses of furnishing such exhibit, which shall be limited to photocopying charges and, if mailed to the requesting party, the cost of first-class postage.
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
By:
/s/ Kate Sturgess
Kate Sturgess
Vice President and Controller
(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
Date:
July 28, 2022