Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______to________
Commission file number 0-22208
QCR HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
42-1397595
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
3551 7th Street, Moline, Illinois 61265
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(309) 736-3580
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value
QCRH
The Nasdaq Global Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☒
Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date: As of May 1, 2026, the Registrant had outstanding 16,509,789 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share.
QCR HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PageNumber(s)
Part I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1
Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheets As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
4
Consolidated Statements of Income For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
5
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
6
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
7
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
9
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 2. Investment Securities
12
Note 3. Loans/Leases Receivable
16
Note 4. Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities
25
Note 5. Derivatives and Hedging Activities
Note 6. Income Taxes
29
Note 7. Earnings Per Share
30
Note 8. Fair Value
Note 9. Business Segment Information
33
Note 10. Regulatory Capital Requirements
34
Note 11. Commitments
35
Note 12. Legal Contingencies
Item 2
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Introduction
37
General
Critical Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates
Executive Overview
Strategic Financial Metrics
39
Strategic Developments
GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations
40
Net Interest Income - (Tax Equivalent Basis)
43
Results of Operations
45
Interest Income
Interest Expense
46
Provision for Credit Losses
Noninterest Income
47
Noninterest Expense
49
2
Income Taxes
50
Financial Condition
51
Investment Securities
Loans/Leases
52
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans/Leases and OBS Exposures
54
Nonperforming Assets
56
Deposits
57
Borrowings
Stockholders' Equity
59
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Special Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
60
Item 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
63
Item 4
Controls and Procedures
65
Part II
OTHER INFORMATION
Legal Proceedings
66
Item 1A
Risk Factors
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
67
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5
Other Information
Item 6
Exhibits
Signatures
Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we use certain acronyms and abbreviations, as defined in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
March 31,
December 31,
2026
2025
(dollars in thousands)
Assets
Cash and due from banks
$
80,038
76,494
Federal funds sold
950
23,150
Interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions
38,340
53,249
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (including securities pledged on other borrowings of $175,841 and $176,632, respectively, net of allowance for credit losses)
951,916
948,676
Securities available for sale, at fair value
290,106
279,777
Securities trading, at fair value
82,728
83,857
Total securities
1,324,750
1,312,310
Loans receivable held for sale
524,931
1,429
Loans/leases receivable held for investment
6,760,569
7,165,526
Gross loans/leases receivable
7,285,500
7,166,955
Less allowance for credit losses
(85,459)
(90,127)
Net loans/leases receivable
7,200,041
7,076,828
Bank-owned life insurance
113,774
112,937
Premises and equipment, net
225,376
215,411
Restricted investment securities
24,289
33,489
Other real estate owned, net
540
Goodwill
138,595
Intangibles
7,574
8,080
Derivatives
209,836
188,409
Other assets
249,592
258,702
Total assets
9,613,695
9,498,194
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing
987,514
950,977
Interest-bearing
6,783,336
6,463,221
Total deposits
7,770,850
7,414,198
Short-term borrowings
1,950
2,650
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
25,609
245,383
Other borrowings
107,457
107,395
Subordinated notes
234,217
234,122
Junior subordinated debentures
49,024
48,991
149,836
137,051
Other liabilities
152,288
196,093
Total liabilities
8,491,231
8,385,883
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, $1 par value; shares authorized 250,000 March 2026 and December 2025 - no shares issued or outstanding
—
Common stock, $1 par value; shares authorized 20,000,000 March 2026 - 16,496,102 shares issued and outstanding December 2025 - 16,690,603 shares issued and outstanding
16,496
16,691
Additional paid-in capital
368,522
372,851
Retained earnings
789,909
773,353
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Securities available for sale
(38,033)
(35,655)
(14,430)
(14,929)
Total stockholders' equity
1,122,464
1,112,311
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Interest and dividend income:
Loans/leases, including fees:
Taxable
76,657
74,088
Nontaxable
25,458
26,348
Securities:
4,962
4,588
11,068
9,212
1,488
1,804
385
534
73
99
Total interest and dividend income
120,091
116,673
Interest expense:
45,555
50,387
27
18
297
1,996
1,167
4,920
3,602
687
684
Total interest expense
52,653
56,687
Net interest income
67,438
59,986
Provision for credit losses
2,454
4,234
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
64,984
55,752
Noninterest income:
Trust fees
3,894
3,686
Investment advisory and management fees
1,539
1,254
Deposit service fees
1,973
2,183
Gains on sales of residential real estate loans, net
614
Capital markets revenue
10,701
6,516
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance
931
524
Debit card fees
1,659
Correspondent banking fees
693
Loan related fee income
898
Fair value gain (loss) on derivatives and trading securities
(869)
(1,007)
Other
867
439
Total noninterest income
22,952
16,892
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits
31,389
27,364
Occupancy and equipment expense
7,479
6,455
Professional and data processing fees
5,162
5,144
FDIC insurance, other insurance and regulatory fees
2,072
1,970
Loan/lease expense
106
381
Net cost of (income from) and losses/(gains) on operations of other real estate
(9)
Advertising and marketing
1,775
1,613
Communication and data connectivity
202
290
Supplies
233
207
Bank service charges
664
596
Correspondent banking expense
333
329
Intangibles amortization
506
661
Payment card processing
508
594
Trust expense
474
357
1,206
587
Total noninterest expense
52,125
46,539
Net income before income taxes
35,811
26,105
Federal and state income tax expense
2,428
308
Net income
33,383
25,797
Basic earnings per common share
2.00
1.53
Diluted earnings per common share
1.99
1.52
Weighted average common shares outstanding
16,651,808
16,900,785
Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding
16,741,541
17,013,992
Cash dividends declared per common share
0.10
0.06
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
Three Months Ended March 31,
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized losses on securities available for sale:
Unrealized holding losses arising during the period before tax
(3,134)
(3,301)
Unrealized gains on derivatives:
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period before tax
632
3,868
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax
(2,502)
567
Tax expense (benefit)
(623)
163
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
(1,879)
404
Comprehensive income
31,504
26,201
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
Accumulated
Additional
Common
Paid-In
Retained
Comprehensive
Stock
Capital
Earnings
(Loss)
Total
Balance December 31, 2025
(50,584)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
Common cash dividends declared, $0.10 per share
(1,674)
Repurchase and cancellation of 247,289 shares of common stock
as a result of a share repurchase program
(247)
(5,442)
(15,153)
(20,842)
Stock-based compensation expense
1,053
Issuance of common stock under employee benefit plans
112
Balance, March 31, 2026
(52,463)
Income/(Loss)
Balance December 31, 2024
16,882
374,975
665,171
(59,641)
997,387
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Common cash dividends declared, $0.06 per share
(1,015)
1,299
38
(1,163)
(1,125)
Balance, March 31, 2025
16,920
375,111
689,953
(59,237)
1,022,747
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation
2,317
2,208
Deferred compensation expense accrued
1,619
1,444
Gains on other real estate owned, net
(31)
Amortization of securities premiums/discounts, net
1,371
719
Fair value loss on derivatives and trading securities
869
1,007
Ineffectiveness on fair value hedges
Loans originated for sale
(25,697)
(16,211)
Proceeds on sales of loans
25,677
16,687
Gains on sales of residential real estate loans
(614)
(297)
Amortization of intangibles
Accretion of acquisition fair value adjustments, net
(891)
(184)
Increase in cash value of bank-owned life insurance
(837)
(524)
Increase (decrease) in other assets
8,881
(12,243)
Increase in other liabilities
(45,696)
(28,136)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
4,400
(3,554)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net decrease in federal funds sold
22,200
18,250
Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions
8,129
(73,374)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned
400
Activity in securities portfolio:
Purchases
(33,841)
(48,301)
Calls, maturities and redemptions
15,463
13,985
Paydowns
1,433
10,014
Activity in restricted investment securities:
(346)
(64)
Redemptions
9,546
6,174
Net increase in loans/leases originated and held for investment
(125,595)
(41,464)
Purchase of premises and equipment
(12,282)
(9,119)
Net cash used in investing activities
(115,293)
(123,499)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in deposit accounts
356,652
276,203
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings
(700)
250
Activity in Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
Term advances
226
Net change in short-term and overnight advances
(220,000)
(140,000)
Payment of cash dividends on common stock
(1,011)
(1,013)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
Repurchase and cancellation of common stock
Net cash provided by financing activities
114,437
134,315
Net increase in cash and due from banks
3,544
7,262
Cash and due from banks, beginning
91,732
Cash and due from banks, ending
98,994
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information, cash payments for:
Interest
53,290
57,886
Income/franchise taxes
11,402
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing activities:
Change in fair value of fair value hedges
1,246
(1,556)
Transfers of loans to other real estate owned
110
Transfer of loans to held for sale
522,868
Increase (decrease) in the fair value of back-to-back interest rate swap assets and liabilities
21,187
(4,952)
Dividends payable
1,674
1,015
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
March 31, 2026
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation: The interim unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2026. Accordingly, footnote disclosures, which would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, have been omitted.
The financial information of the Company included herein has been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting and has been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Such information reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. Any differences appearing between the numbers presented in financial statements and management's discussion and analysis are due to rounding. The results of the interim period ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2026, or for any other period.
The acronyms and abbreviations identified below are used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. It may be helpful to refer back to this page as you read this report.
ACL: Allowance for credit losses
GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
AFS: Available for sale
GB: Guaranty Bank
Allowance: Allowance for credit losses
GFED: Guaranty Federal Bancshares, Inc.
AOCI: Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
HTM: Held to maturity
ASC: Accounting Standards Codification
ICS: Insured Cash Sweep
ASU: Accounting Standards Update
ISDA: International Swaps and Derivatives Association
BOLI: Bank-owned life insurance
LHFS: Loans held for sale
Caps: Interest rate cap derivatives
LIHTC: Low-income housing tax credit
CDARS: Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service
m2: m2 Equipment Finance, LLC
CECL: Current Expected Credit Losses
NIM: Net interest margin
Community National: Community National Bancorporation
NPA: Nonperforming asset
Company: QCR Holdings, Inc.
NPL: Nonperforming loan
CRBT: Cedar Rapids Bank & Trust Company
OBS: Off-balance sheet
CRE: Commercial real estate
OREO: Other real estate owned
CSB: Community State Bank
PCAOB: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
C&I: Commercial and industrial
Provision: Provision for credit losses
EBA: Excess balance account
QCBT: Quad City Bank & Trust Company
EPS: Earnings per share
ROAA: Return on average assets
Exchange Act: Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
ROAE: Return on average equity
amended
SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board
SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
SPE: Special purpose entity
Federal Reserve: Board of Governors of the Federal
Swaption: Swap option
Reserve System
TA: Tangible assets
FHLB: Federal Home Loan Bank
TCE: Tangible common equity
FRB: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
TEY: Tax equivalent yield
FTEs: Full-time equivalents
VIE: Variable interest entities
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries which include the accounts of four commercial banks: QCBT, CRBT, CSB and GB. All four banks are state-chartered commercial banks and all are members of the Federal Reserve system. The Company has historically engaged in direct financing lease contracts through m2, a wholly owned subsidiary of QCBT. Since the third quarter of 2024, m2 has discontinued offering new loans and leases. Additionally, the Company also engages in wealth management services through its banking subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Derivatives: During the first quarter of 2026, the Company elected to present certain derivative assets and liabilities on a net basis when such instruments are subject to a legally enforceable master netting arrangement and the company has the intent to settle on a net basis or simultaneously, in accordance with ASC 210-20 “Balance Sheet – Offsetting”. This election applies to all derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under legally enforceable ISDA master netting arrangements and, where applicable, related cash collateral recognized under ASC 815. Certain derivative positions may remain presented on a gross basis even when subject to a master netting arrangement if they do not meet the balance sheet offsetting criteria as of the reporting date. Master netting arrangements give the Company the ability, in the event of default by the counterparty, to liquidate collateral and to offset receivables and payables with the same counterparty. This change affects the presentation of derivative assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets but does not impact net income or total stockholders’ equity. The reclassification of prior-period amounts was made to conform with the current-period presentation, as the derivative instruments were subject to legally enforceable master netting arrangements in prior periods and no changes occurred to the underlying contractual rights.
Netting adjustments represent amounts recorded to convert derivative assets and derivative liabilities from a gross basis to a net basis in accordance with ASC 815, consistent with the balance sheet presentation. Cash collateral receivables and payables are included in balance sheet netting when they meet the criteria for offsetting under ASC 815-10-45-5A. The net basis represents the aggregate of our net exposure to each counterparty after considering the balance sheet netting adjustments and any cash collateral. The Company manages derivative exposure by monitoring the credit risk associated with each counterparty using counterparty-specific credit risk limits, using master netting arrangements and obtaining collateral.
The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 presented herein reflects a reclassification of $77.3 million between assets and liabilities to match current period balance sheet presentation. See Note 5 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the gross and net presentation of derivative instruments.
Reclassifications: Certain amounts in the prior year’s Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified, with no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity to conform with the current period presentation.
Recent accounting developments:
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. Investors, lenders, creditors and other allocators of capital information will be able to use the expanded disclosures to better assess how an entity’s operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operation opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard was adopted for the year ending December 31, 2025, and newly required disclosures have been provided in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance improves GAAP by adding an illustrative example to demonstrate how an entity should apply the scope guidance of “Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation” for profits interest and similar awards. The illustrative examples will benefit investors and other allocators of capital by providing them with more consistent information. The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within those annual periods. The standard was adopted on January 1, 2025 and did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
10
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance improves disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses, and provides more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements; however, it will require expanded disaggregation of certain income statement expense captions in the notes to the financial statements in 2027.
In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidated (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance limits situations in which entities must identify the primary beneficiary as the accounting acquirer in certain business combinations and requires entities to consider the general factors in Topic 805 when a business combination involving a VIE is primarily effected through exchanging equity interests. The ASU is effective prospectively to annual and interim reporting periods after December 15, 2026. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance changes the cost capitalization threshold by eliminating accounting consideration of software project development stages; cost capitalization would begin when (1) management has authorized and committed to funding the project and (2) it is “probable” the project will be completed and the software used to perform its intended function; and enhancing the guidance around the probable-to-complete threshold. The standard also modifies the website development costs guidance. The ASU is effective for annual and interim reporting periods after December 15, 2027 and early adoption is permitted. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-07, “Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance refines the scope of Topic 815 (derivatives) by adding a scope exception from derivative accounting for contracts that (1) are not exchange traded and (2) have underlying variables based on operations or activities specific to one of the parties to the contract. The accounting guidance also clarifies that revenue guidance in Topic 606 applies initially to share-based noncash consideration received from a customer for the transfer of goods or services. The ASU is effective in interim and annual periods for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and may be applied either on a prospective or modified retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-08, “Purchased Loans.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance expands the use of the gross-up method to certain acquired loans beyond purchased financial assets with credit deterioration (PCD assets). The ASU is effective for interim and annual and reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and is applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, “Hedge Accounting Improvements.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance is intended to more closely align financial reporting with the economics of some of an entity’s risk management activities. The guidance is applied prospectively to all hedging relationships beginning on or after the date of adoption without dedesignation. The ASU is effective prospectively to annual and interim reporting periods after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, “Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements.” Under the standard, the accounting guidance clarifies the form and content choices for interim financial statements and accompanying notes, adds a comprehensive list of required interim disclosures, and introduces a disclosure principle that requires disclosure of events since the end of the previous annual reporting period that materially affect the entity. The guidance is not intended to significantly change interim reporting or expand or reduce interim disclosure requirements. The ASU is effective for interim reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
11
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-12, “Codification Improvements” Under the standard, the accounting guidance enhances the usability of the Codification by refining accounting guidance and streamlining its application through technical corrections, making standards more consistent and easier to interpret for preparers and users. The ASU is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
NOTE 2– INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are summarized as follows:
Allowance
Gross
Amortized
for Credit
Unrealized
Fair
Cost
(Losses)
Gains
Value
March 31, 2026:
Securities HTM:
Municipal securities
920,855
(272)
16,342
(129,073)
807,852
Corporate securities
30,293
1,556
31,840
Other securities
1,050
(1)
1,048
952,198
(282)
17,898
(129,074)
840,740
Securities AFS:
U.S. treasuries and govt. sponsored agency securities
16,847
(1,791)
15,059
Residential mortgage-backed and related securities
90,911
(4,799)
86,222
203,399
(43,152)
160,247
Asset-backed securities
3,985
91
4,076
25,073
(683)
24,502
340,215
316
(50,425)
December 31, 2025:
918,189
23,402
(117,074)
824,245
29,719
2,660
32,370
948,958
26,062
(117,075)
857,663
17,775
(1,755)
16,024
72,951
151
(4,247)
68,855
203,613
(40,555)
163,085
4,345
94
4,439
28,068
148
(842)
27,374
326,752
424
(47,399)
The Company's HTM municipal securities consist largely of private issues of municipal debt. The large majority of the municipalities are located within the Midwest. The municipal debt investments are underwritten using specific guidelines with ongoing monitoring.
The Company's residential mortgage-backed and related securities portfolio consists entirely of government sponsored or government guaranteed securities. The Company has not invested in private mortgage-backed securities or pooled trust preferred securities.
Gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, are summarized in the tables below. Securities AFS, for which an allowance for credit losses has been provided, are not included in these disclosures as there are no unrealized losses remaining after consideration of the ACL.
Less than 12 Months
12 Months or More
Losses
142,185
(33,906)
371,871
(95,167)
514,056
549
142,734
(33,907)
514,605
1,045
13,501
14,546
36,410
(1,075)
31,264
(3,724)
67,674
3,883
(32)
156,364
(43,120)
1,656
(23)
16,282
(660)
17,938
42,994
(1,130)
217,411
(49,295)
260,405
88,718
(52,445)
316,672
(64,629)
405,390
89,267
(52,446)
405,939
U.S. govt. sponsored agency securities
48
13,663
(1,754)
13,711
16,167
(592)
32,137
(3,655)
48,304
636
159,146
(40,546)
159,782
1,491
(25)
18,802
(817)
20,293
18,342
(627)
223,748
(46,772)
242,090
As of March 31, 2026, the investment portfolio included 669 securities. Of this number, 539 securities were in an unrealized loss position. The aggregate losses of these securities totaled approximately 13.9% of the total amortized cost of the portfolio. Of these 539 securities, there were 463 securities that were in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. Management has concluded unrealized losses as of March 31, 2026 were temporary due to the changing interest rate environment.
There was no allowance for credit losses for available for sale securities for each of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for held to maturity securities by major security type for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025
Securities HTM
Municipal
Corporate
securities
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance
272
1
282
254
263
Reduction due to sales
Provision
Balance, ending
Trading securities had a fair value of $82.7 million as of March 31, 2026 and $83.9 million as of December 31, 2025 and consisted of retained beneficial interests acquired in conjunction with Freddie Mac securitizations completed by the Company in prior years. The change in fair value on trading securities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was a net loss of $852 thousand and $809 thousand, respectively. See also Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these securitizations.
There were no transfers of securities between classifications during either the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
13
There were no sales of securities during either the three months ended March 31, 2026 or 2025.
The amortized cost and fair value of securities as of March 31, 2026 by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities of residential mortgage-backed and related securities and asset-backed securities may differ from contractual maturities because the residential mortgages underlying the securities may be prepaid without any penalties. Therefore, these securities are not included in the maturity categories in the following table:
Amortized Cost
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
389
390
Due after one year through five years
42,078
41,754
Due after five years
909,731
798,596
1,425
1,423
14,926
14,515
228,968
183,870
245,319
199,808
Portions of the U.S. government sponsored agency securities and municipal securities contain call options, which, at the discretion of the issuer, terminate the security at par and at predetermined dates prior to the stated maturity, summarized as follows as of March 31, 2026:
199,530
193,023
229,823
224,863
202,876
159,734
24,103
23,517
226,979
183,251
As of March 31, 2026, the Company's municipal securities portfolios were comprised of general obligation bonds issued by 80 issuers with fair values totaling $104.1 million and revenue bonds, issued by 161 issuers, primarily consisting of states, counties, towns, villages and school districts with fair values totaling $863.2 million. The Company also held investments in general obligation bonds in 18 states, including 9 states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million, and in revenue bonds in 31 states, including 14 states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million.
As of December 31, 2025, the Company's municipal securities portfolios were comprised of general obligation bonds issued by 80 issuers with fair values totaling $106.8 million and revenue bonds, issued by 164 issuers, primarily consisting of states, counties, towns, villages and school districts with fair values totaling $879.6 million. The Company held investments in general obligation bonds in 18 states, including nine states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million, and in revenue bonds in 31 states, including 14 states in which the aggregate fair value exceeded $5.0 million.
The Company monitors the investments and concentration closely. Both general obligation and revenue bonds are diversified across many issuers. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did not hold general obligation bonds of any single issuer, that in aggregate exceed 10% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity. Of the general obligation and revenue bonds in the Company's portfolio, the majority are unrated bonds that represent private issuances. All unrated bonds were underwritten according to the Company’s loan underwriting standards and have an average loan
14
risk rating of 2, indicating very high quality. Additionally, many of these bonds are funding essential municipal services such as water, sewer, education, and medical facilities.
The Company's municipal securities are owned by its four subsidiary banks, whose investment policies set forth limits for various subcategories within the municipal securities portfolio. The investments of each charter are monitored individually, and as of March 31, 2026, all were within policy limitations approved by the Company’s board of directors. Policy limits are calculated as a percentage of each charter's total risk-based capital.
As of March 31, 2026, the Company's standard monitoring of its municipal securities portfolio had not uncovered any facts or circumstances resulting in significantly different credit ratings than those assigned by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or in the case of unrated bonds, the rating assigned using the credit underwriting standards.
The following table summarizes the fair value of investment securities pledged and held under derivatives, public deposits, short-term borrowings and other borrowings as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
December 31, 2025
Derivatives:
11,210
11,268
36,316
36,565
138,695
142,065
186,221
189,898
Public deposits:
1,274
1,338
1,905
1,985
3,179
3,323
Other borrowings:
Municipal securities*
157,363
161,329
Total investments pledged:
12,484
12,606
38,221
38,550
296,058
303,394
346,763
354,550
* Municipal securities with an amortized cost of $175.8 million and $176.6 million were pledged on secured borrowings as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
15
NOTE 3 – LOANS/LEASES RECEIVABLE
The composition of the loan/lease portfolio as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is presented as follows:
C&I:
C&I - revolving
376,284
384,656
C&I - other */**
1,296,273
1,318,866
1,672,557
1,703,522
CRE - owner occupied
588,098
577,352
CRE - non-owner occupied
1,000,673
1,036,655
Construction and land development**
1,301,630
1,308,422
Multi-family**
1,937,922
1,769,331
Direct financing leases***
7,947
9,533
1-4 family real estate****
618,973
603,683
Consumer
157,700
158,457
Allowance for credit losses
Direct financing leases:
Net minimum lease payments to be received
8,417
10,076
Estimated unguaranteed residual values of leased assets
95
165
Unearned lease/residual income
(565)
(708)
(263)
(311)
7,684
9,222
* Includes equipment financing agreements outstanding through m2, totaling $152.9 million and $178.1 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
**
As of March 31, 2026, there were LIHTC multi-family loans held for sale in preparation for securitization totaling $315.6 million and C&I – other loans and construction loans totaling $129.6 million and $77.7 million, respectively, held for sale in preparation for a LIHTC loan sale. There were no loans held for sale in preparation for securitization or LIHTC loan sales at December 31, 2025. All loans held for sale are performing and pass rated.
*** Management performs an evaluation of the estimated unguaranteed residual values of leased assets on an annual basis, at a minimum. The evaluation consists of discussions with reputable and current vendors, which is combined with management's expertise and understanding of the current states of particular industries to determine informal valuations of the equipment. As necessary and where available, management will utilize valuations by independent appraisers. The majority of leases with residual values contain a lease options rider, which requires the lessee to pay the residual value directly, finance the payment of the residual value, or extend the lease term to pay the residual value. In these cases, the residual value is protected and the risk of loss is minimal.
**** Includes residential real estate loans held for sale totaling $2.1 million and $1.4 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Accrued interest on loans, which is excluded from the amortized cost of loans, totaled $31.2 million and $32.8 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and was included in Other Assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
The aging of the loan/lease portfolio by classes of loans/leases as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is presented as follows and all loans held for sale are current:
As of March 31, 2026
Accruing Past
30-59 Days
60-89 Days
Due 90 Days or
Nonaccrual
Classes of Loans/Leases
Current
Past Due
More
375,442
842
C&I - other
1,265,486
2,673
1,198
26,881
579,706
6,491
1,901
997,446
356
2,871
Construction and land development
1,283,647
13,865
4,118
Multi-family
1,928,981
6,608
2,333
Direct financing leases
7,895
1-4 family real estate
613,657
2,629
141
2,546
157,295
117
279
7,209,555
18,874
15,213
41,823
As a percentage of total loan/lease portfolio
98.96
%
0.26
0.21
0.00
0.57
100.00
As of December 31, 2025
C&I
363,820
19,972
864
1,284,558
3,755
1,915
28,635
575,669
1,277
406
1,033,991
2,664
1,304,238
1,735,026
31,972
8,346
1,133
597,924
2,760
192
82
2,725
157,962
24
58
413
7,061,534
60,893
2,231
85
42,212
98.53
0.85
0.03
0.59
NPLs by classes of loans/leases as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are presented as follows and all loans held for sale are performing and not included in this table:
Percentage of
with an ACL
without an ACL
Total NPLs
18,170
8,711
26,916
64
622
1,279
-
2,199
347
30,644
11,179
41,858
100
17
19,678
8,957
28,638
68
0
2,409
2,807
32,075
10,137
42,297
The Company did not recognize any interest income on nonaccrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
CRE
Construction
1-4
C&I -
Owner
Non-Owner
and Land
Multi-
Family
Revolving
Other*
Occupied
Development
Real Estate
Balance, beginning
3,747
27,684
6,324
11,457
15,397
18,860
4,986
1,672
90,127
Change in ACL for the transfer of loans to LHFS
(3,450)
(57)
(681)
108
268
2,498
438
96
2,688
Charge-offs
(3)
(4,401)
(34)
(4,447)
Recoveries
405
87
541
3,726
23,007
6,519
11,725
15,415
17,908
5,415
1,744
85,459
* Included within the C&I – Other column are ACL on leases with a beginning balance of $311 thousand, negative provision of $274 thousand, no charge-offs and recoveries of $226 thousand. ACL on leases was $263 thousand as of March 31, 2026.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
3,856
34,002
7,147
11,137
15,099
12,173
4,934
1,493
89,841
2,099
(6)
(76)
1,602
795
187
4,743
(4,878)
(26)
(40)
(4,944)
714
3,952
31,845
7,141
11,061
16,760
12,968
5,095
1,532
90,354
* Included within the C&I – Other column are ACL on leases with a beginning balance of $580 thousand, provision of $87 thousand, charge-offs of $191 thousand and recoveries of $9 thousand. ACL on leases was $485 thousand as of March 31, 2025.
The composition of the ACL on loans/leases held for investment by portfolio segment based on evaluation method as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are as follows:
Amortized Cost of Loans Receivable
Allowance for Credit Losses
Individually
Collectively
Evaluated for
Credit Losses
C&I :
3,998
372,286
23
3,703
C&I - other*
30,388
1,144,272
1,174,660
7,523
15,484
34,386
1,516,558
1,550,944
7,546
19,187
26,733
25,101
562,997
1,409
5,110
3,620
997,053
1,703
10,022
4,484
1,219,467
1,223,951
1,663
13,752
4,607
1,617,687
1,622,294
767
17,141
3,060
613,849
616,909
269
5,146
319
157,381
1,705
75,577
6,684,992
13,396
72,063
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $52 thousand with a related allowance for credit losses of $15 thousand and leases collectively evaluated of $7.9 million with a related allowance for credit losses of $248 thousand as of March 31, 2026.
5,726
378,930
3,708
30,579
1,297,820
1,328,399
6,566
21,118
36,305
1,676,750
1,713,055
6,605
24,826
31,431
23,711
553,641
1,464
4,860
3,419
1,033,236
1,642
9,815
4,485
1,303,937
1,664
13,733
4,619
1,764,712
429
18,431
1,966
600,288
602,254
300
4,686
454
158,003
1,622
74,959
7,090,567
12,154
77,973
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $54 thousand with a related allowance for credit losses of $16 thousand and leases collectively evaluated of $9.5 million with a related allowance for credit losses of $295 thousand as of December 31, 2025.
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, by the primary collateral type, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
Non
Commercial
Owner-occupied
Owner-Occupied
Owner Occupied
Securities
Equipment
C & I:
3,913
8,439
244
150
4,760
7,008
9,787
12,352
235
24,460
641
384
2,676
286
24,704
13,330
3,603
9,820
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $52 thousand with primary collateral of equipment.
19
5,487
239
7,001
7,610
11,208
12,488
23,065
646
3,358
3,395
444
12,799
4,448
11,218
76,388
* Included within the C&I – other category are leases individually evaluated of $54 thousand with primary collateral of equipment.
For all loans except direct financing leases and equipment financing agreements, the Company’s credit quality indicator consists of internally assigned risk ratings. Each such loan is assigned a risk rating upon origination. The risk rating is reviewed every 15 months, at a minimum, and on an as-needed basis depending on the specific circumstances of the loan.
For certain C&I loans (including equipment financing agreements and direct financing leases), the Company’s credit quality indicator is performance determined by delinquency status. Delinquency status is updated daily by the Company’s loan system.
20
The following tables show the credit quality indicator of loans by class of receivable and year of origination as of March 31, 2026, and all loans held for sale are included in the pass rated line:
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Loans
Internally Assigned
Risk Rating
2024
2023
2022
Prior
Cost Basis
Pass
344,559
Special Mention
27,727
Substandard
Doubtful
Total C&I - revolving
94,170
269,886
144,709
303,050
118,978
175,815
1,106,608
5,063
4,322
1,726
124
573
2,551
14,359
1,678
5,537
8,983
358
793
5,029
22,378
Total C&I - other
100,911
279,745
155,418
303,532
120,344
183,395
1,143,345
39,105
110,688
54,485
77,755
78,831
179,507
10,162
550,533
5,213
1,214
21
1,959
7,857
16,264
1,443
98
2,104
17,656
21,301
Total CRE - owner occupied
44,318
113,345
77,874
82,894
205,020
49,389
243,711
125,989
121,612
201,947
192,349
43,941
978,938
6,422
1,000
10,448
211
18,115
77
Total CRE - non-owner occupied
55,811
243,822
126,989
124,483
212,711
192,916
85,227
389,602
378,276
331,202
63,663
8,065
41,296
1,297,331
69
90
4,209
Total Construction and land development
382,415
331,293
8,134
76,405
489,394
167,145
239,870
376,445
578,319
1,555
1,929,133
4,182
2,265
Total Multi-family
78,670
491,727
380,627
578,328
61,371
114,183
84,492
83,451
69,190
195,290
5,918
613,895
477
2,018
623
298
1,844
Total 1-4 family real estate
61,419
115,676
84,760
84,074
69,488
197,611
5,945
5,784
11,741
3,624
2,324
1,635
128,607
157,318
74
167
318
Total Consumer
3,623
3,698
2,491
128,728
432,140
1,645,658
974,835
1,164,824
932,218
1,367,039
607,911
7,124,625
Delinquency Status *
Performing
432
67,842
51,614
22,071
4,298
146,257
Nonperforming
1,076
3,148
1,797
650
6,671
68,918
54,762
23,868
4,948
152,928
(310)
925
4,341
2,515
41
Total Direct financing leases
2,556
435
69,843
59,103
26,424
5,383
160,875
* Performing = loans/leases accruing and less than 90 days past due. Nonperforming = loans/leases on nonaccrual and accruing loans/leases that are greater than or equal to 90 days past due.
22
The following tables show the credit quality indicator of loans by class of receivable and year of origination as of December 31, 2025, and all loans held for sale are included in the pass rated line:
2021
352,945
25,985
300,721
171,903
288,321
144,943
61,157
137,083
1,104,128
6,659
1,881
351
1,552
2,285
1,385
14,113
5,520
11,195
126
755
84
4,838
22,518
312,900
184,979
288,798
147,250
63,526
143,306
1,140,759
109,608
55,117
80,181
81,512
91,330
110,939
11,091
539,778
8,280
1,864
17,689
1,222
111
825
696
17,031
19,885
110,830
80,314
89,860
100,306
129,834
281,076
126,112
152,953
210,062
129,932
75,744
42,996
1,018,875
5,173
1,006
201
5,380
2,387
214
14,361
78
286,327
127,118
155,818
215,761
132,319
76,316
365,346
409,811
350,290
95,684
44,865
255
37,801
1,304,052
70
160
92
4,210
414,019
350,382
44,935
500,378
145,022
225,730
350,851
187,331
355,047
354
1,764,713
2,273
4,618
502,711
187,343
357,320
135,947
90,638
88,216
70,462
96,075
110,623
6,017
597,978
1,507
526
2,393
281
617
1,492
3,312
137,454
90,924
88,851
71,079
97,237
112,121
15,483
4,161
3,964
2,870
698
1,426
129,337
157,939
220
174
4,184
3,044
129,461
1,731,051
1,021,340
1,194,077
973,529
626,364
820,578
612,376
6,979,315
1,001
74,605
60,869
27,697
5,885
628
170,685
1,135
3,308
2,161
764
7,422
75,740
64,177
29,858
6,649
682
178,107
203
665
4,883
3,043
557
128
9,479
3,092
562
1,204
69,060
32,950
7,211
810
187,640
The following table shows the gross charge-offs of loans and leases by class of receivable and year of origination for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Gross Charge-off by Origination Year
1,212
602
4,401
1,357
1,240
4,687
136
191
26
2,470
1,230
119
4,447
1,496
1,319
1,697
116
4,944
There were no loan and lease modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2026. Any loan and lease modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during 2025 were deemed immaterial.
Changes in the ACL for OBS exposures for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are presented as follows:
7,138
8,273
Provisions (credited) to expense
(234)
(509)
6,904
7,764
NOTE 4 – SECURITIZATIONS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
In prior years, the Company completed four Freddie Mac sponsored securitizations. The Company retained beneficial interests from each securitization which are classified as trading securities on the consolidated balance sheets. Details related to the securitizations and related VIEs can be found in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included under Item 8 of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
In August 2025, the Company securitized $200.3 million of HTM municipal securities. The securitization was comprised of Class A Certificates of $134.2 million and Class B Certificates of $66.1 million. The Class A Certificates were sold to third-party investors, and the Class B Certificates were retained by the Company. The Class B Certificates provide the first loss support and are subordinate to the Class A Certificates. In order to execute this transaction, the Company created a new bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (a “Sponsor SPE”), through which the transaction was executed, and which is consolidated by the Company. Based on the structure of the transaction, the Company retains effective control of the HTM municipal securities and accounts for the transaction as a secured borrowing. The full amount of HTM municipal securities remain on the balance sheet denoted as collateralizing the borrowing and the Class A Certificates sold to third-party investors are accounted for as a secured term borrowing and classified with other borrowings on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. No separate securitization SPE or other financing entity was created for this transaction, rather, a governmental entity securitized the securities and issued the certificates.
Evaluation and assessment of VIEs for consolidation is performed on an ongoing basis by management. Any changes in facts and circumstances occurring since the previous primary beneficiary determination will be considered as part of this ongoing assessment.
The Company’s total assets related to the consolidated sponsor VIEs related to securitizations to date as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were $82.7 million and $83.9 million, respectively, which are included in trading securities on the consolidated balance sheets and there were no liabilities recorded. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss associated with the consolidated securitization VIEs consists of the capital invested plus any unfunded equity commitments that are binding. As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss related to the VIEs was $85.5 million.
NOTE 5 – DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Effective January 1, 2026, the Company elected to apply the master netting provisions under ASC 210-20 and ASC 815. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding this election.
Derivatives are summarized as follows as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
Notional or Contractual Amount
Derivative Assets
Derivative Liabilities
Hedged derivatives
Cash flow hedges
Interest rate swaps
39,000
752
19,864
49,310
576
20,169
Interest rate collars
150,000
144
Fair value hedges
250,000
940
310,000
2,186
439,000
759
20,804
509,310
22,499
Unhedged derivatives
Swaptions
86,151
203,600
6,169,719
213,015
5,954,979
191,828
6,255,870
213,021
6,158,579
191,850
Total derivatives, gross
213,780
233,819
192,426
214,327
Netting adjustments
(3,944)
(4,017)
Cash collateral
(80,039)
(73,259)
Total derivatives, net
The Company uses interest rate swap, collar and swaption instruments to manage interest rate risk related to the variability of interest payments due to changes in interest rates.
Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent that they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded as a component of AOCI. Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as fair value hedges, to the extent that they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded as a component of interest income/expense.
The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of rising rates on one of its variable rate subordinated notes and its variable rate trust preferred securities. All of the interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:
Balance Sheet
Notional
Fair Value as of
Hedged Item
Effective Date
Maturity Date
Location
Amount
Receive Rate
Pay Rate
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust V
7/7/2018
7/7/2028
Derivatives - Assets
10,000
5.48
4.54
185
140
Community National Statutory Trust III
9/15/2018
9/15/2028
3,500
5.69
4.75
Guaranty Bankshares Statutory Trust I
4,500
Community National Statutory Trust II
9/20/2018
9/20/2028
3,000
6.12
5.17
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust II
9/30/2018
9/30/2028
6.81
5.85
196
QCR Holdings Statutory Trust III
8,000
157
115
Guaranty Statutory Trust II
5/23/2019
2/23/2026*
10,310
N/A
QCR Holdings Subordinated Note
3/1/2024
2/15/2028
Derivatives - Liabilities
65,000
4.02
(516)
(1,020)
114,310
236
(444)
* Matured in first quarter of 2026.
The Company uses interest rate collars in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure on variable rate loans. The collar hedging strategy stabilizes interest rate fluctuations by setting both a floor and a cap. The collar is designated as a cash flow hedge in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate collar is as follows:
Notional Amount
Cap Strike Rate
Floor Strike Rate
10/1/2022
10/1/2026
Derivatives - Assets (Liabilities)
50,000
4.40
2.44
The Company has executed a derivative strategy more commonly known as a swaption. The swaptions are designed to hedge the Company’s regulatory capital ratios against the adverse effects of a significant decline in long-term interest rates. The swaptions are designated as unhedged in accordance with ASC 815, therefore the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is recognized into current earnings. An initial premium of $4.5 million was paid upfront for the swaptions. The details of the swaptions are as follows:
Strike Rate
7/30/2024
1/29/2026*
20,750
2.63
41,700
2.13
1/30/2026*
36,546
2.14
18,453
2.64
7/30/2026
16,100
29,800
25,971
14,280
The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of declining interest rates on floating rate loans. The interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:
7/1/2021
7/1/2031
35,000
1.40
3.77
(3,864)
(3,798)
(5,520)
(5,425)
40,000
(4,424)
(4,348)
25,000
1.30
(2,780)
(2,734)
4/1/2022
4/1/2027
15,000
1.91
(276)
(285)
(920)
(948)
(644)
(664)
(947)
300,000
(19,348)
(19,149)
The Company uses interest rate collars in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure on variable rate deposits. The collar hedging strategy stabilizes interest rate fluctuations by setting both a floor and a cap. The collars are designated as a cash flow hedge in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate collars are as follows:
5/1/2025
11/1/2027
2.24
(18)
5/1/2028
2.34
(53)
11/1/2028
2.43
(72)
(143)
The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge against the risk of rising rates on loans. The interest rate swaps are designated as fair value hedges in accordance with ASC 815. The details of the interest rate swaps are as follows:
7/12/2023
2/1/2026*
4.21
4.38
(15)
20,000
(12)
8/1/2026
30,000
(55)
(119)
(28)
(59)
(37)
(79)
2/1/2027
32,500
4.08
(115)
(251)
(116)
(71)
(154)
8/1/2027
3.98
(148)
(352)
(68)
(162)
(113)
(271)
2/1/2028
3.90
(169)
(391)
(83)
(196)
(940)
(2,186)
The Company has also entered into interest rate swap contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivative contracts relate to transactions in which the Company enters into an interest rate swap with a customer while at the same time entering into an equal and offsetting interest rate swap with an upstream counterparty. Additionally, the Company receives an upfront, non-refundable fee from the upstream counterparty, dependent upon the pricing that is recognized upon receipt from the counterparty. Because the Company acts as an intermediary for the customer, changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative contracts, for the most part, offset each other and do not significantly impact the Company’s results of operations.
Interest rate swaps that were not designated as hedging instruments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are summarized as follows:
Estimated Fair Value
Non-Hedging Interest Rate Derivatives Assets:
Interest rate swap contracts
Non-Hedging Interest Rate Derivatives Liabilities:
The effect of cash flow hedging and fair value accounting on the consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are as follows:
Interest and
Dividend Income
Expense
Income and expense line items presented in the consolidated statements of income
The effects of cash flow hedging:
Loss on interest rate caps and collars on deposits
(117)
Loss on interest rate swaps on debt
(209)
Loss on interest rate swaps and collars on loans
(1,732)
(2,083)
The effects of fair value hedging:
Gain (loss) on interest rate swaps on loans
(127)
170
The Company’s hedged interest rate swaps and non-hedged interest rate swaps are collateralized with cash and investment securities with carrying values as follows, as of the dates presented:
Cash
84,081
81,131
270,302
271,029
The Company may be exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to its interest rate derivative agreements. The Company assesses the credit risk of its financial institution counterparties by monitoring publicly available credit ratings and financial information. Additionally, the Company manages financial institution counterparty credit risk by entering into interest rate derivatives only with primary and highly rated counterparties, and uses ISDA master agreements, central clearing mechanisms and counterparty limits. The agreements contain bilateral collateral agreements with the amount of collateral to be posted generally governed by the settlement value of outstanding swaps. The Company manages the risk of default by its borrower/customer counterparties through its normal loan underwriting and credit monitoring policies and procedures. The Company underwrites the combination of the base loan amount and potential swap exposure and focuses on high quality borrowers with strong collateral values. The majority of the Company’s swapped loan portfolio consists of loans on projects with loan-to-values, including the potential swap exposure, below 65%. The Company does not currently anticipate any losses from failure of interest rate derivative counterparties to honor their obligations.
28
NOTE 6 – INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of the expected federal income tax expense to the income tax expense included in the consolidated statements of income is as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
% of
Pretax
Income
U.S. federal statutory tax rate
7,520
21.0
5,482
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect (*)
1,029
2.9
448
1.7
Tax credits
Low income housing tax credits
(1,021)
(2.9)
(690)
(2.6)
Other credits
(49)
(0.1)
(195)
(0.7)
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Tax exempt income, net
(7,458)
(20.8)
(7,505)
(28.7)
Interest disallowance
2,916
8.1
3,115
11.9
(176)
(0.5)
(110)
(0.4)
Meals and entertainment
0.1
(130)
(142)
(0.6)
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits
0.5
Other adjustments
Excess tax benefit on stock options exercised and restricted stock awards vested
(584)
(1.6)
(490)
(1.9)
Provision adjustment
142
0.4
373
1.4
Effective tax rate
6.8
1.2
* State taxes in Iowa made up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the tax effect in this category.
The effective tax rate for the first three months of 2026 was at 6.8%, up from 1.2% in the first three months of 2025. The increase was primarily due to an overall increase in pre-tax income.
The following table summarizes the impact to the Consolidated Statements of Income relative to the Company’s tax credit programs for which it has elected to apply the proportional amortization method of accounting:
For the Three Months Ended
Tax credits recognized
2,943
2,707
Other tax benefits recognized
426
496
Amortization
(2,233)
(2,192)
Net benefit included in income tax
1,136
1,011
Other income
Allocated income on investments
Net benefit included in noninterest income
Net benefit included in the Consolidated Statements of Income
The Company did not recognize impairment losses resulting from the forfeiture or ineligibility of income tax credits or other circumstances during the three months ending March 31, 2026 and 2025.
NOTE 7 - EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following information was used in the computation of EPS on a basic and diluted basis:
Three months ended
Basic EPS
Diluted EPS
Weighted average common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and under the employee stock purchase plan
89,733
113,207
NOTE 8 – FAIR VALUE
Accounting guidance on fair value measurement uses a hierarchy intended to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy includes three levels and is based upon the valuation techniques used to measure assets and liabilities. The three levels are as follows:
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis comprise the following at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Quoted Prices
Significant
in Active
Markets for
Observable
Unobservable
Identical Assets
Inputs
(Level 1)
(Level 2)
(Level 3)
Securities trading
Total assets measured at fair value
582,670
499,942
Total liabilities measured at fair value
552,043
468,186
The securities AFS portfolio consists of securities whereby the Company obtains fair values from an independent pricing service. The fair values are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data, such as interest rate volatilities, SOFR yield curve, credit spreads and prices from market makers and live trading systems (Level 2 inputs).
Trading securities consist of retained beneficial interests from securitizations and are classified as a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Fair values are estimated using the discounted cash flow method, including discount rates which are deemed to be significant unobservable inputs. As of March 31, 2026, the discount rates ranged from 3.23% to 6.40%.
Changes in fair value of trading securities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, are presented as follows:
Balance at the beginning of the period
83,529
(44)
Premium amortization
(233)
(235)
Fair value gain
(852)
(809)
Balance at the end of the period
82,445
Interest rate caps, swaps, collars and swaptions are used for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk on various financial assets and liabilities, further described in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair values are determined by pricing models that consider observable market data for derivative instruments with similar structures (Level 2 inputs).
Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis; that is, the assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).
Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis comprised the following at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Loans/leases evaluated individually
44,105
OREO
583
44,688
47,183
47,766
Loans/leases evaluated individually are valued at the lower of cost or fair value and are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans/leases. Collateral may be comprised of real estate and/or business assets, including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable, and is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values are discounted based on management's historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management's expertise and knowledge of the client and client's business.
OREO in the table above consists of property acquired through foreclosures and settlement of loans. Property acquired is carried at the estimated fair value of the property, less disposal costs, and is classified as a Level 3 in the fair value
31
hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the property acquired is generally determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values are discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the property.
The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
Quantitative Information about Level Fair Value Measurements
Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Range
Appraisal of collateral
Appraisal adjustments
-10.00
to
-30.00
-35.00
For the loans/leases evaluated individually and OREO, the Company records carrying value at fair value less disposal or selling costs. The amounts reported in the tables above are fair values before the adjustment for disposal or selling costs.
There have been no changes in valuation techniques used for any assets or liabilities measured at fair value during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities carried on the Company's consolidated balance sheets, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis:
Hierarchy
Carrying
Estimated
Level
Investment securities:
HTM
AFS
Trading
Loans/leases receivable, net
40,838
43,688
7,159,203
6,934,233
7,033,140
6,794,019
Nonmaturity deposits
6,628,462
6,145,194
Time deposits
1,142,388
1,140,593
1,269,004
1,268,442
FHLB advances
24,512
244,237
100,155
100,634
237,610
237,648
43,443
42,997
32
NOTE 9 – BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
Selected financial and descriptive information is required to be disclosed for reportable operating segments, applying a “management perspective” as the basis for identifying reportable segments. The management perspective is determined by the view that management takes of the segments within the Company when making operating decisions, allocating resources, and measuring performance. The segments of the Company have been defined by the structure of the Company’s internal organization, focusing on the financial information that the Company’s operating decision-makers routinely use to make decisions about operating matters. The chief operating decision maker consists of the Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company. The chief operating decision maker reviews financial reports that detail the interest income, interest expense, provision for credit losses, noninterest income, salaries and benefits expense, occupancy expense, other noninterest expenses, income tax expense and net income from continuing operations and compares the actual results to the amounts budgeted and the reason for variances. The results of this review allow the Company’s chief operating decision maker to make operating decisions and allocate resources. Capital markets revenue is considered a significant source of noninterest income. Salaries and benefits expense and occupancy expense are considered significant noninterest expenses.
The Company’s Commercial Banking business is geographically divided by markets into the operating segments which are the four subsidiary banks wholly owned by the Company: QCBT, CRBT, CSB, and GB. Each of these operating segments offers similar products and services, but is managed separately due to different pricing, product demand, and consumer markets. Each offers commercial, consumer, and mortgage loans and deposit services.
The Company's All Other segment includes the corporate operations of the parent and operations of all other consolidated subsidiaries and/or defined operating segments that fall below the segment reporting thresholds.
Selected financial information on the Company's business segments is presented as follows as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Commercial Banking
Intercompany
Consolidated
QCBT
CRBT
CSB
GB
All other
Eliminations
Interest and dividend income
36,621
34,318
21,673
30,424
(3,014)
Interest expense
17,087
12,335
8,164
13,871
(3,411)
19,534
21,983
13,509
16,553
(4,538)
397
1,400
223
427
Noninterest income
9,029
Other segment revenue items
5,809
3,050
1,524
2,038
41,542
(41,712)
12,251
12,079
3,710
Noninterest expense
Salaries and benefits expense
8,057
9,113
5,369
7,629
1,221
Occupancy expense
1,941
1,460
1,690
895
Other segment expense items
4,071
3,391
2,001
3,006
1,350
(562)
13,257
13,621
14,445
8,830
12,325
3,466
Income tax expense
649
1,965
105
(312)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
9,673
17,429
5,755
7,429
33,850
(40,753)
2,791
14,980
9,888
110,936
330
7,244
3,105,984
2,848,359
1,740,480
2,418,895
1,475,099
(1,975,122)
35,937
31,932
20,008
29,343
(634)
17,313
12,466
8,102
15,562
4,286
(1,042)
18,624
19,466
11,906
13,781
(4,199)
408
1,412
86
1,362
1,374
5,603
62
851
5,211
2,395
1,502
31,716
(32,122)
10,376
7,998
1,564
2,525
7,409
7,861
4,873
6,504
717
1,596
1,238
1,597
485
4,034
3,552
2,105
3,076
598
(645)
12,720
12,982
13,009
8,216
11,177
1,800
897
(246)
(416)
(691)
8,544
13,605
4,138
4,171
26,408
(31,069)
568
733
9,099
10,400
2,771,498
2,559,768
1,582,972
2,326,244
1,354,539
(1,512,833)
9,082,188
Intercompany eliminations included in the selected financial information on the Company’s business segments consist of equity in net income of each subsidiary bank and investment in each subsidiary bank as follows:
Other segment revenue items:
Equity in net income of subsidiary bank
40,286
Total assets:
Investment in subsidiary bank
307,860
476,302
200,462
393,753
1,378,377
8,543
4,137
4,172
30,457
289,980
438,716
177,664
385,073
1,291,433
NOTE 10 – REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
The Company (on a consolidated basis) and the subsidiary banks are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company and the subsidiary banks' financial statements.
Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the subsidiary banks must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain OBS items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the subsidiary banks to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the following table) of total common equity Tier 1, Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to average assets, each as defined by regulation. Management believes, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, that the Company and the subsidiary banks met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.
Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, to be categorized as “well capitalized,” an institution must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, Tier 1 leverage and common equity Tier 1 ratios as set forth in the following tables. The Company and the subsidiary banks’ actual capital amounts and ratios as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are presented in the following tables (dollars in thousands). As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, each of the subsidiary banks met such capital requirements to be “well capitalized.”
For Capital Adequacy
To Be Well Capitalized
For Capital
Purposes With Capital
Under Prompt Corrective
Actual
Adequacy Purposes
Conservation Buffer
Action Provisions
Ratio
( dollars in thousands)
As of March 31, 2026:
Company:
Total risk-based capital
1,363,858
14.00
779,180
>
8.00
1,022,674
10.50
973,976
10.00
Tier 1 risk-based capital
1,075,998
11.05
584,385
6.00
827,879
8.50
Tier 1 leverage
11.44
376,080
4.00
470,100
5.00
Common equity Tier 1
1,026,974
10.54
438,289
4.50
681,783
7.00
633,084
6.50
Quad City Bank & Trust:
344,898
13.97
197,463
259,170
246,829
318,206
12.89
148,097
209,804
10.94
116,303
145,379
111,073
172,780
160,439
Cedar Rapids Bank & Trust:
500,763
14.64
273,616
359,121
342,020
473,856
13.85
205,212
290,717
16.68
113,618
142,022
153,909
239,414
222,313
Community State Bank:
217,053
12.62
137,540
180,521
171,925
202,927
11.80
103,155
146,136
11.92
68,119
85,149
77,366
120,347
111,751
Guaranty Bank:
311,027
14.18
175,510
230,358
219,388
286,109
13.04
131,633
186,480
12.43
92,061
115,077
98,725
153,572
142,602
As of December 31, 2025:
1,369,172
14.19
771,812
1,013,003
964,765
1,063,505
11.02
578,859
820,050
11.07
384,419
480,523
1,014,514
10.52
434,144
675,335
627,097
342,214
14.33
191,071
250,780
238,838
313,533
13.13
143,303
203,013
10.65
117,711
147,138
107,477
167,187
155,245
495,107
14.61
271,051
355,754
338,814
466,349
13.76
203,288
287,992
16.22
115,000
143,751
152,466
237,170
220,229
212,148
12.65
134,206
176,146
167,758
197,171
11.75
100,655
142,594
11.42
69,072
86,340
75,491
117,431
109,043
308,357
14.13
174,598
229,159
218,247
283,230
12.98
130,948
185,510
12.03
94,143
117,679
98,211
152,773
141,861
NOTE 11 - COMMITMENTS
The Company entered into a construction contract in 2024 for the construction of a new CSB facility in Ankeny, Iowa. The Company will pay the contractor a contract price of approximately $42.7 million, subject to certain agreed upon additions and deductions. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had paid $38.4 million of the contract price, resulting in a remaining future commitment of approximately $4.3 million. Construction on this facility is anticipated to be completed in the second quarter of 2026.
The Company entered into a construction contract in 2025 for the construction of a new corporate headquarters including a new branch facility for QCBT in Bettendorf, Iowa. The Company will pay the contractor a contract price of approximately $66.5 million, subject to certain agreed upon additions and deductions. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had paid $15.6 million of the contract price, resulting in a remaining future commitment of approximately $50.9 million. Construction on this facility is anticipated to be completed in 2027.
NOTE 12 - LEGAL CONTINGENCIES
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to pending and threatened litigation, claims investigations and legal and administrative cases and proceedings.
Under applicable accounting standards, reserves are established for legal claims only when losses associated with the claims are judged to be probable, and the loss can be reasonably estimated. When a material loss contingency is reasonably possible, but not probable, the Company does not record a liability, but instead discloses the nature of the matter and an estimate of the loss or range of losses, to the extent such estimate can be made. Significant judgment is required in both the determination of possibility or probability, and whether the loss or range of losses is reasonably estimable. The Company’s judgments are subjective and based on the status of the legal or regulatory proceedings, the merits of the Company’s defenses and consultation with in-house and outside legal counsel. Because of uncertainties related to these matters, accruals are based on the best information available to the Company and its advisors at the time, including, among other information, settlement agreements. As additional information becomes available, the Company reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation and may revise its estimates accordingly. Due to the inherent uncertainties of the legal and regulatory processes, such judgments may be materially different than the actual outcomes. Legal costs such as outside counsel fees are expensed in the period in which the services are rendered.
Assessments of litigation exposure are difficult because they involve inherently unpredictable factors including, but not limited to: whether the proceeding is in the early stages; whether damages are unspecified, unsupported or uncertain; whether there is a potential for punitive or other pecuniary damages; whether the matter involves legal uncertainties, including novel issues of law; whether the matter involves multiple parties and/or jurisdictions; whether discovery has begun or is not complete; whether meaningful settlement discussions have commenced; and whether the proceeding involves class allegations. In many lawsuits and arbitrations, it is not possible to determine whether a liability will be
incurred, or to estimate the ultimate or minimum amount of that liability, until the matter is close to resolution, in which case a reserve will not be recognized until that time. As a result, the Company may be unable to estimate reasonably possible losses with respect to litigation matters it faces.
In June 2025, CSB was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed in the Iowa District Court in and for Polk County. The plaintiff alleged, on behalf of himself and a proposed statewide class of consumers, breach of contract and unjust enrichment arising from the CSB’s alleged improper assessment and collection of multiple insufficient funds fees and/or overdraft fees specifically for representment transactions. The petition seeks an unspecified amount of monetary damages.
CSB initially filed a motion to dismiss, which was denied in February 2026. CSB filed an Answer and Affirmative Defenses to the petition on April 10, 2026. Management has engaged outside counsel experienced in this area to assist with defense and risk assessment. CSB continues to dispute the allegations made by the plaintiff, and intends to continue to defend itself vigorously. The Company believes a loss is not considered probable at this time.
The Company believes a material loss contingency related to the petition is reasonably possible, but not probable, based on currently-available information. However, the Company is unable to estimate the ultimate or minimum loss or range of losses, if any, at this time due to a number of uncertainties, including, but not limited to: (i) the current early stages of the proceedings and discovery not having commenced; (ii) the absence of specificity as to alleged damages; and (iii) the lack of resolution of significant factual and legal issues.
As of March 31, 2026, the Company did not have any accrued liabilities recorded for loss contingencies in its consolidated financial statements.
36
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
This section reviews the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries as of and for the three months ending March 31, 2026. Some tables may include additional periods to comply with disclosure requirements or to illustrate trends. When reading this discussion, also refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in this report. Page locations and specific sections and notes that are referred to in this discussion are listed in the table of contents.
Additionally, a comprehensive list of the acronyms and abbreviations used throughout this discussion is included in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
GENERAL
The Company was formed in February 1993 for the purpose of organizing QCBT. Over the past 33 years, the Company has grown to include four banking subsidiaries and a number of nonbanking subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had $9.6 billion in consolidated assets, including $7.2 billion in net loans/leases, and $7.8 billion in deposits. The financial results of acquired entities for the periods since their acquisition are included in this report. Further information related to acquired entities has been presented in the annual reports previously filed with the SEC corresponding to the year of each acquisition.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The Company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The financial information contained within these statements is, to a significant extent, financial information that is based on approximate measures of the financial effects of transactions and events that have already occurred. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance, determination of the fair value of loans acquired in business combinations, impairment of goodwill, the fair value of financial instruments, and the fair value of securities.
Based on its consideration of accounting policies that involve the most complex and subjective decisions and assessments, management has identified the following as critical accounting policies and estimates:
A more detailed discussion of these critical accounting policies and estimates can be found in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
The Company reported net income of $33.4 million and diluted EPS of $1.99 for the quarter ended March 31, 2026. By comparison, for the quarter ended December 31, 2025, the Company reported net income of $35.7 million and diluted EPS of $2.12. For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, the Company reported net income of $25.8 million, and diluted EPS of $1.52.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – continued
The first quarter of 2026 was also highlighted by the following results and events (see section titled “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” for additional information):
Following is a table that represents various net income measurements for the Company:
For the three months ended
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
35,664
2.12
16,858,506
The Company reported adjusted net income (non-GAAP) of $33.4 million, with adjusted diluted EPS (non-GAAP) of $1.99 for the three months ended March 31, 2026. See section titled “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” for additional information.
Following is a table that represents the major income and expense categories for the Company:
68,354
5,499
38,665
62,852
3,004
Following are certain noteworthy developments in the Company's financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2026:
STRATEGIC FINANCIAL METRICS
The Company has established certain strategic financial metrics by which it manages its business and measures its performance. The goals are periodically updated to reflect changes in business developments. While the Company is determined to work prudently to achieve these metrics, there is no assurance that they will be met. Moreover, the Company's ability to achieve these metrics may be affected by the factors discussed under “Forward Looking Statements” as well as the factors detailed in the “Risk Factors” section included under Item 1A. of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company's long-term strategic financial metrics are as follows:
The following table shows the evaluation of the Company’s strategic financial metrics:
Year to Date*
Strategic Financial Metric*
Key Metric
Target
Loan and lease growth organically**
Loans and leases growth
> 9% annually
8.0
11.7
2.3
Fee income growth
> 6% annually
(20.4)
(3.7)
(43.0)
Improve operational efficiencies and hold noninterest expense growth
Noninterest expense growth
< 5% annually
(2.4)
4.1
(9.3)
* Ratios and amounts provided for these measurements represent year-to-date actual amounts for the respective period that are then annualized for comparison to the prior year actual. The calculations provided exclude non-core noninterest income and noninterest expense.
** Excludes the runoff of the m2 portfolio.
It should be noted that these initiatives are long-term targets.
STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS
The Company has taken the following actions during the first quarter of 2026 to support its corporate strategy and further the strategic financial metrics shown above:
GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS
The following table presents certain non-GAAP financial measures related to the “TCE/TA ratio,” “adjusted net income,” “adjusted EPS,” “adjusted ROAA,” “NIM (TEY),” “adjusted NIM (TEY),” “efficiency ratio,” and “adjusted efficiency ratio.” In compliance with applicable rules of the SEC, all non-GAAP measures are reconciled to the most directly comparable GAAP measure, as follows:
The TCE/TA non-GAAP ratio has been a focus for investors, and management believes that this ratio may assist investors in analyzing the Company’s capital position without regard to the effects of intangible assets.
The following tables also include several “adjusted” non-GAAP measurements of financial performance. The Company’s management believes that these measures are important to investors as they exclude non-core or non-recurring income and expense items; therefore, they provide a better comparison for analysis and may provide a better indicator of future performance.
NIM (TEY) is a financial measure that the Company’s management utilizes to determine the tax benefit associated with certain tax-exempt loans and securities. It is standard industry practice to measure net interest margin using tax-equivalent measures.
The efficiency ratio and adjusted efficiency ratio are utilized by management to compare the Company to its peers. They are standard ratios used to calculate overhead as a percentage of revenue in the banking industry and is widely utilized by investors.
Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied, and are not audited. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by investors to evaluate a company, they have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analyses of results as reported under GAAP.
As of
GAAP TO NON-GAAP
RECONCILIATIONS
TCE/TA RATIO
Stockholders' equity (GAAP)
Less: Intangible assets
146,169
146,675
148,995
TCE (non-GAAP)
976,295
965,636
873,752
Total assets (GAAP)
TA (non-GAAP)
9,467,526
9,351,519
8,933,193
TCE/TA ratio (non-GAAP)
10.31
10.33
9.78
ADJUSTED NET INCOME
Net income (GAAP)
Less non-core items (post-tax) (*):
Income:
Fair value loss on derivatives, net
(13)
(88)
(156)
Total non-core income (non-GAAP)
Expense:
Loss on debt extinguishment, net
1,551
Total non-core expense (non-GAAP)
Adjusted net income (non-GAAP)
33,396
37,303
25,953
ADJUSTED EPS
Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) (from above)
16,756,717
Adjusted EPS (non-GAAP):
Basic
2.01
2.23
1.54
Diluted
2.21
ADJUSTED ROAA (non-GAAP)
Average Assets
9,550,010
9,758,848
9,015,439
Adjusted ROAA (non-GAAP)
1.15
Adjusted ROAE (non-GAAP)
11.76
13.37
10.20
ADJUSTED NIM TEY*
Net interest income (GAAP)
Plus: Tax equivalent adjustment
8,851
11,277
9,513
Net interest income - tax equivalent (non-GAAP)
76,289
79,631
69,499
Average earning assets
8,640,613
8,872,022
8,241,035
NIM (GAAP)
3.17
3.06
2.95
NIM TEY (non-GAAP)
3.58
3.57
3.42
EFFICIENCY RATIO
Noninterest expense (GAAP)
Noninterest income (GAAP)
Total income
90,390
107,019
76,878
Efficiency ratio (noninterest expense/total income) (non-GAAP)
57.67
58.73
60.54
Adjusted efficiency ratio (core noninterest expense/core total income) (Non-GAAP)
57.66
56.84
60.38
* Non-core or non-recurring items (after-tax) are calculated using an estimated effective federal tax rate of 21% with the exception of goodwill impairment which is not deductible for tax.
42
NET INTEREST INCOME AND MARGIN - (TAX EQUIVALENT BASIS)
Net interest income, on a GAAP basis, increased 12% for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, compared to the same quarter of the prior year. Net interest income, on a tax equivalent basis (non-GAAP) increased 10% for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, compared to the same quarter of the prior year. Net interest income changed primarily due to the Company’s loan and investment growth and continued expansion of loan and investment yields, which were partially offset by deposit growth with a lower cost of funds.
A comparison of yields, spread and margin as reported on the Company’s financial statements and on a tax equivalent basis is as follows:
GAAP
Tax Equivalent Basis
Average Yield on Interest-Earning Assets
5.50
5.75
5.66
6.02
6.21
6.20
Average Cost of Interest-Bearing Liabilities
3.00
3.27
3.44
3.25
Net Interest Spread
2.50
2.48
2.22
3.02
2.96
2.76
NIM TEY (Non-GAAP)
The Company’s management closely monitors and manages NIM. From a profitability standpoint, an important challenge for the Company’s subsidiary banks and leasing company is focusing on quality growth in conjunction with the improvement of their NIMs. Management continually addresses this issue with pricing and other balance sheet strategies which include better loan pricing, reducing reliance on rate-sensitive funding, closely managing deposit rate changes and finding additional ways to manage cost of funds through derivatives.
The Company’s average balances, interest income/expense, and rates earned/paid on major balance sheet categories, as well as the components of change in net interest income, are presented in the following tables:
Average
Earned
Yield or
Balance
or Paid
ASSETS
Interest earning assets:
8,003
3.64
9,009
167,670
3.60
166,897
Investment securities - taxable
410,342
4.84
400,779
4.59
Investment securities - nontaxable (1)
943,300
14,049
5.97
843,476
11,722
5.57
24,525
6.28
30,562
6.99
Gross loans/leases receivable (1) (2) (3)
7,183,312
108,881
6.15
6,790,312
107,439
6.42
Total interest earning assets
8,737,152
129,838
126,186
Noninterest-earning assets:
78,861
77,796
Premises and equipment
219,624
162,256
Less allowance
(89,955)
(90,045)
604,328
624,397
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits
5,451,672
35,494
5,005,853
37,697
3.05
1,208,298
3.71
1,204,593
12,690
4.27
3,244
3.36
1,839
3.97
41,827
2.84
177,883
4.49
107,416
4.35
234,155
3,920
6.70
233,525
6.17
49,002
5.61
48,871
5.60
Total interest-bearing liabilities
7,095,614
6,672,564
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
990,726
935,840
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities
327,363
389,548
8,413,703
7,997,952
Stockholders' equity
1,136,307
1,017,487
77,185
Net interest margin
3.13
Net interest margin TEY (Non-GAAP)
Cost of funds (4)
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
123.13
123.51
44
Analysis of Changes of Interest Income/Interest Expense
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
Inc./(Dec.)
Components
from
of Change (1)
Prior Period (1)
Rate
Volume
2026 vs. 2025
INTEREST INCOME
(316)
(374)
374
260
114
Investment securities - nontaxable (2)
2,327
879
1,448
(149)
(51)
(98)
Gross loans/leases receivable (2) (3)
1,442
(20,630)
22,072
Total change in interest income
3,652
(19,942)
23,594
INTEREST EXPENSE
(2,205)
(17,684)
15,479
(1,629)
(1,900)
271
(17)
(1,699)
(551)
(1,148)
Total change in interest expense
(4,036)
(19,843)
15,807
Total change in net interest income
7,688
(99)
7,787
The Company’s operating results are also impacted by various sources of noninterest income, including trust fees, investment advisory and management fees, deposit service fees, capital markets revenue, including swap fee income and gains on loan securitizations, gains from the sales of residential real estate loans and government guaranteed loans, earnings on BOLI and other income. Offsetting these items, the Company incurs noninterest expenses, which include salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment expense, professional and data processing fees, FDIC and other insurance expense, loan/lease expense and other administrative expenses.
The Company’s operating results are also affected by economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in interest rates, income tax rates, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. For a discussion of the factors that could have a material impact on the operations and future prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, see the “Risk Factors” section included under Item 1A. of Part I of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Interest income increased $3.4 million, comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of 2025. Interest income (tax equivalent non-GAAP) increased $2.8 million, comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of 2025. These increases in interest income were primarily due to higher loan and investment average balances and higher loan and investment yields.
The Company intends to continue to grow quality loans as well as its private placement tax-exempt securities portfolio to maximize yield while minimizing credit and interest rate risk.
Interest expense decreased $4.0 million, comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of 2025, primarily due to the lower cost of funds. The Company’s cost of funds was 2.64% for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, a decrease from 3.02% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025. The decrease was a result of the Federal Reserve lowering interest rates and the corresponding impact on the Company’s liability sensitive balance sheet.
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The ACL is established through provision expense to provide an estimated ACL. The following table shows the components of the provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Provision for credit losses - loans and leases
Provision for credit losses - off-balance sheet exposures
Total provision for credit losses
The Company had a total provision for credit losses on loans and leases of $2.7 million for the first quarter of 2026, a decrease from $4.7 million for the same period of 2025, driven primarily by the transfer of loans held for sale. The provision related to OBS was a negative provision of $234 thousand for the first quarter of 2026 compared to a negative provision of $509 thousand for the first quarter of 2025. The balance primarily fluctuates with changes in the balance of unfunded commitments. There was no provision related to HTM securities for the first three months of 2026 or 2025.
The ACL for loans and leases is established based on a number of factors, including the Company's historical loss experience, delinquencies and charge-off trends, economic and other forecasts, the local, state and national economies and risk associated with the loans/leases and securities in the portfolio, as described in more detail in the “Critical Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates” section of this report.
The Company had an ACL for loans/leases held for investment of 1.26% of total gross loans/leases held for investment at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, compared to 1.32% at March 31, 2025.
Additional discussion of the Company's allowance can be found in the “Financial Condition” section of this report.
NONINTEREST INCOME
The following table sets forth the various categories of noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
$ Change
% Change
208
5.6
285
22.7
(210)
(9.6)
317
106.7
4,185
64.2
407
77.7
171
11.5
79
12.9
5.8
138
13.7
428
97.5
6,060
35.9
The Company continues to be successful in expanding its wealth management client base. Trust and investment advisory and management fees continue to be a significant contributor to noninterest income. Assets under management have increased $702.6 million since March 31, 2025 due primarily to new relationships. Income is generated primarily from fees charged based on assets under administration for corporate and personal trusts and for custodial services. The majority of trust fees are determined based on the value of the investments within the fully-managed trusts. Trust fees increased 6% in the first quarter of 2026 as compared to the same period of the prior year due to growth in assets under management and market performance. The Company expects trust and investment advisory and management fees to be negatively impacted during periods of significantly lower market valuations and positively impacted during periods of significantly higher market valuations.
Investment advisory and management fees increased 23% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. Similar to trust fees, fees from these services are largely determined based on the market value of the investments managed. As a result, fee income from this line of business fluctuates with market valuations.
Deposit service fees decreased 10% in the first quarter of 2026 as compared to the same period of the prior year. The Company’s total deposits increased by $433.5 million, or 6%, when comparing March 31, 2026 to March 31, 2025. The Company continues to be successful in expanding its core deposit base with a targeted focus on growing the number of net new accounts in 2026.
Gains on sales of residential real estate loans, net, increased 107% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. The increase was due to higher volumes of client residential real estate purchase activity generating higher levels of gains.
Capital markets revenue totaled $10.7 million for the first quarter of 2026, compared to $6.5 million for the first quarter of 2025, which is in line with historical first quarter average. As discussed in the “Executive Overview” section of this report, demand for affordable housing remains strong. In the traditional commercial portfolio, the pricing is more competitive and the duration is shorter as compared to the LIHTC permanent loans. Therefore, the mix of loans with interest rate swaps continued to be heavily weighted towards LIHTC permanent loans. Future levels of swap fees are dependent upon the needs of our traditional commercial and LIHTC borrowers, and the size of the related nonrefundable swap fee may fluctuate depending on the interest rate environment.
The Company’s interest rate swap program consists of back-to-back interest rate swaps with two types of commercial borrowers: (1) traditional commercial loans of a certain minimum size and sophistication, and (2) LIHTC permanent loans. Most of the growth has been in the latter category as the Company has grown relationships with strong LIHTC developers with many years of experience. The LIHTC industry is strong and growing with an increased need for affordable housing. The back-to-back interest rate swaps allow commercial borrowers to pay a fixed interest rate while the Company receives a variable interest rate as well as an upfront nonrefundable fee dependent upon the pricing from an upstream counter party.
Earnings on BOLI increased 78%, comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year driven by BOLI exchanges in the first three months of 2025 resulting in surrender charges of $168 thousand. There were no purchases of BOLI in the first three months of 2026 or 2025. Notably, a portion of the Company's BOLI is variable rate whereby returns are determined by the performance of the equity markets. Management intends to continue to review its BOLI investments to be consistent with policy and regulatory limits in conjunction with the rest of its earning assets in an effort to maximize returns while minimizing risk.
Debit card fees are the interchange fees paid on certain debit card customer transactions. Debit card fees increased 12% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year as the Company continues to be successful in adding net new demand deposit accounts. The fees can vary based on customer debit card usage, so fluctuations from period to period may occur. As an opportunity to maximize fees, the Company offers a deposit product with a higher interest rate that incentivizes debit card activity.
Correspondent banking fees increased 13% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. The increase was primarily due to an increase in correspondent banking balances. Fees from correspondent banks generally increase when non-interest bearing account balances decrease due to lower associated earnings credits. Correspondent banking continues to be a core strategy for the Company, as this line of business provides a high level of deposits that can be used to fund loan growth as well as a steady source of fee income. The Company now serves 190 banks in Iowa, Illinois, Missouri and Wisconsin.
Loan-related fee income increased 6% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year primarily due to higher participation service fees.
Fair value losses on derivatives and trading securities were $869 thousand in the first quarter of 2026, as compared to $1.0 million in losses in the same period of the prior year. The Company uses swaptions to manage interest rate risk related to the variability of interest payments due to changes in interest rates. These derivatives are unhedged and are marked-to-market, with gains or losses recorded in noninterest income which was a contributing factor in the decrease in fair value losses on derivatives. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Other noninterest income increased $428 thousand, or 98%, in the first quarter of 2026 as compared to the same period of the prior year due to fluctuations on the market value of the Company’s equity investments. Income on equity investments is largely determined based on the market value of the investments managed.
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
The following tables set forth the various categories of noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
4,025
14.7
1,024
15.9
0.3
102
5.2
(275)
(72.2)
277.8
162
10.0
(30.3)
12.6
11.4
(155)
(23.4)
(86)
(14.5)
32.8
619
105.5
5,586
12.0
Management places a strong emphasis on overall cost containment and is committed to improving the Company's general efficiency and operating leverage as discussed in the “Strategic Financial Metrics” section.
Salaries and employee benefits, which is the largest component of noninterest expense, increased 15% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year primarily due to annual merit increases and capital markets revenue and its impact on variable compensation associated with performance.
Occupancy and equipment expense increased 16% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year due primarily to higher property tax expense with the opening of a new office in the Cedar Rapids market and an increase in service contract costs.
Professional and data processing fees remained stable comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. The increase was due primarily to higher professional fees related to the Company’s digital transformation projects. Generally, professional and data processing fees can fluctuate depending on certain one-time project costs. Management will continue to focus on minimizing such one-time costs and driving recurring costs down through contract negotiation or managed reduction in activity where costs are determined on a usage basis.
FDIC insurance, other insurance and regulatory fee expense increased 5% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year due primarily to asset growth.
Loan/lease expense decreased 72% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same quarter of the prior year due primarily to lower legal expense on loan workouts and higher recoveries of legal expenses incurred on loan workouts.
Net cost of (income from) and gains/losses on operations of other real estate includes gains/losses on the sale of OREO, write-downs of OREO and all income/expenses associated with OREO. Net cost of and gains/losses on operations of other real estate for the first quarter of 2026 totaled $16 thousand, compared to net income from and gains/losses on operations of other real estate of $9 thousand for the first quarter of 2025.
Advertising and marketing expense increased 10% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. The increase in expense was primarily due to an increase in sponsorships and other sales promotions in the first quarter of 2026.
Communication and data connectivity expense decreased 30% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to improvements to our data center connectivity channels and a reduction in cell phone and air card expenses as the Company continues to improve operational efficiencies.
Supplies expense increased 13% comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. These increases were primarily due to the timing of purchases.
Bank service charges, a large portion of which includes indirect costs incurred to provide services to QCBT's correspondent banking customer portfolio, increased 11% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. As transaction volumes and the number of correspondent banking clients fluctuate, the associated expenses are expected to also fluctuate.
Correspondent banking expense increased 1% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. These are direct costs incurred to provide services to QCBT's correspondent banking customer portfolio, including safekeeping and cash management services.
Intangibles amortization expense decreased 23% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year due to no longer needing to amortize an intangible at CSB as done in the prior year. These expenses are expected to naturally decrease as intangibles become fully amortized unless there is an addition to intangible assets.
Payment card processing expense decreased 15% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year due to a decreased volume of transactions.
Trust expense increased 33% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year due to increased assets under management when comparing March 31, 2026 to March 31, 2025.
Other noninterest expense increased 106% when comparing the first quarter of 2026 to the same period of the prior year. The increase was primarily due to increased insurance claim loss reserves at our QCRH Risk Management entity in 2025. Included in other noninterest expense are items such as meals and entertainment, subscriptions and sales and use tax.
INCOME TAXES
In the first quarter of 2026, the Company incurred income tax expense of $2.4 million, compared to income tax expense of $308 thousand in the same period of the prior year. The increase was primarily due to higher pre-tax income from higher capital markets revenue.
Refer to the reconciliation of the expected income tax rate to the effective tax rate that is included in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Following is a table that represents the major categories of the Company’s balance sheet:
Cash, federal funds sold, and interest-bearing deposits
119,328
152,893
262,885
1,220,717
Net loans/leases
75
6,732,813
172,231
759,740
767,754
693,542
80
7,337,390
Total borrowings
418,257
638,541
429,921
136,334
155,796
During the first quarter of 2026, the Company's total assets increased $115.5 million from December 31, 2025, to a total of $9.6 billion. The Company’s net loans/leases increased $123.2 million, or 2%, in the first quarter of 2026. Deposits increased $356.7 million, or 5%, during the first quarter of 2026. Borrowings decreased $220.3 million, or 34%, during the first quarter of 2026 due primarily to strong deposit growth.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The composition of the Company’s securities portfolio is managed to meet liquidity needs while prioritizing the impact on interest rate risk, maximizing return and minimizing credit risk. In recent years, the Company has continued to shift the mix of the portfolio by decreasing U.S. government sponsored agency securities, while increasing tax-exempt municipal securities. Of the latter, the large majority are privately placed tax-exempt debt issuances by municipalities located in the Midwest (with some in or near the Company’s existing markets) that require a thorough underwriting process before investment and are generated by our specialty finance group.
Trading securities had a fair value of $82.7 million as of March 31, 2026 and consisted of retained beneficial interests acquired in conjunction with loan securitizations completed by the Company in prior years. See also Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these securitizations.
Following is a breakdown of the Company's securities portfolio by type, the percentage of net unrealized gains (losses) to carrying value on the total portfolio, and the portfolio duration:
17,487
1,081,102
81
1,081,002
1,003,985
43,194
55,845
58,133
66,105
Trading securities
1,325,032
1,220,980
Securities as a % of total assets
13.78
13.82
13.44
Net unrealized losses as a % of Amortized Cost
(12.48)
(10.82)
(11.45)
Duration (in years)
5.4
Annual yield on investment securities (tax equivalent)
5.62
4.77
5.24
The Company has not invested in non-agency commercial or residential mortgage-backed securities or pooled trust preferred securities. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's investment securities.
LOANS/LEASES
Total loans/leases grew 8% on an annualized basis, when adding back the impact from the runoff of m2 loans and leases during the first three months of 2026. The mix of the loan/lease classes within the Company's loan/lease portfolio is presented in the following table:
C&I - revolving*
388,479
1,444,119
599,488
1,040,281
Construction and land development*
1,419,208
Multi-family*
1,178,299
14,773
592,127
146,393
Total loans/leases
6,823,167
(90,354)
* As of March 31, 2026, there were LIHTC multi-family loans held for sale in preparation for securitization totaling $315.6 million and C&I – other loans and construction loans totaling $129.6 million and $77.7 million, respectively, held for sale in preparation for a LIHTC loan sale. There were no loans held for sale in preparation for securitization or LIHTC loan sales at December 31, 2025 or March 31, 2025. All loans held for sale are performing and pass rated.
CRE loans are predominantly included within the CRE – owner occupied, CRE – non-owner occupied, construction and land development and multi-family loan classes, however, CRE loans can also be included in 1-4 family based on nature of the loan. As CRE loans have historically been the Company's largest portfolio segment, management places a strong emphasis on the underwriting and monitoring of the characteristics and composition of the Company's CRE loan portfolio. For example, management tracks the level of owner-occupied CRE loans relative to non-owner-occupied loans because owner-occupied loans are generally considered to have less risk. Additionally, the Company reviews CRE concentrations by industry in relation to risk-based capital on a quarterly basis. At March 31, 2026, approximately 47% of the CRE loan portfolio consisted of LIHTC loans, all of which are performing and all of which are pass rated.
Historically, the Company structures most residential real estate loans to conform to the underwriting requirements of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae to allow the subsidiary banks to resell the loans on the secondary market to avoid the interest rate risk associated with longer term fixed rate loans and to recognize noninterest income from the gain on sale. Loans originated for this purpose were classified as held for sale and are included in the residential real estate loans in the table above. Historically, the subsidiary banks structure most loans that will not conform to the underwriting requirements of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae as adjustable-rate mortgages that mature or adjust in one to five years, and then retain these loans in their respective portfolios. The Company also holds 15-year fixed rate residential real estate loans originated in prior years that met certain credit guidelines. The Company has not originated any subprime, Alt-A, no documentation, or stated income residential real estate loans throughout its history.
The following is a listing of significant industries within the Company's CRE loan portfolio. These include loans in the following portfolio segments as of March 31, 2026: CRE owner occupied, CRE non-owner occupied, certain construction and land development, multifamily and certain 1-4 family real estate. Within the CRE Loan portfolio, there is a low amount of office exposure, totaling $229.3 million or 3.1% of total loans at March 31, 2026.
As of March 31,
As of December 31,
Lessors of residential buildings - LIHTC
2,304,765
2,196,023
1,936,708
Lessors of nonresidential buildings
693,826
712,429
683,846
Lessors of residential buildings - non LIHTC
504,216
481,979
499,645
Hotels
190,472
182,383
136,990
New housing for-sale builders
93,169
89,011
68,617
Other *
1,157,682
1,129,364
1,126,551
Other - LIHTC
5,728
9,167
1,447
Total CRE loans
4,949,858
4,800,356
4,453,804
* “Other” consists of all other industries. None of these had concentrations greater than $62.6 million, or approximately 1.3% of total CRE loans in the most recent period presented.
The following table reflects credit quality indicators and performance of the Company’s CRE loan portfolio:
Delinquency Status*
4,870,668
4,729,162
4,729,199
4,366,351
350
4,366,701
40,790
34,712
35,017
26,793
11,607
38,400
26,923
9,522
36,445
42,652
9,434
52,086
4,938,251
4,790,797
9,559
4,444,020
9,784
As a percentage of total CRE portfolio
99.77
0.23
99.80
0.20
99.78
0.22
* Performing = CRE loans accruing and less than 90 days past due. Nonperforming = CRE loans on nonaccrual and accruing CRE loans that are greater than or equal to 90 days past due.
The Company’s construction and land development loan portfolio includes the following:
LIHTC construction
693,591
53
741,531
1,016,207
72
Construction (commercial)
532,039
486,156
316,916
Land development
69,107
73,732
78,550
Construction (non-commercial residential)
6,893
7,003
7,535
Total construction and land development
The Company's 1-4 family real estate loan portfolio includes the following:
The remaining 1-4 family real estate loans originated by the Company were sold on the secondary market to avoid the interest rate risk associated with longer term fixed rate loans and to recognize noninterest income from the gain on sale. Loans originated for this purpose were classified as held for sale and are included in the residential real estate loans above.
Following is a listing of significant equipment types within the m2 loan and lease portfolio:
Trucks, Vans and Vocational Vehicles
36,893
43,097
65,197
Construction - General
13,083
15,105
22,700
Computer Equipment
9,458
10,505
15,052
Trailers
8,998
10,613
17,267
Tractor
8,882
10,465
15,849
Marine - Travelifts
8,407
9,068
11,556
Food Processing Equipment
8,324
9,431
13,920
Manufacturing - General
7,180
8,472
13,405
Manufacturing - CNC
4,633
5,506
7,695
Freightliners
4,422
5,602
11,231
Concrete Equipment
4,281
4,662
5,897
Forklifts
4,037
4,507
6,147
42,277
50,607
79,067
Total m2 loans and leases
284,983
* “Other” consists of all other equipment types. None of these had concentrations greater than 3% of total m2 loan and lease portfolio in the most recent period presented.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's loan and lease portfolio.
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS/LEASES AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET EXPOSURES
The adequacy of the ACL was determined by management based on numerous factors, including the overall composition of the loan/lease portfolio, types of loans/leases, historical loss experience, loan/lease delinquencies, potential substandard and doubtful credits, economic conditions, collateral positions, government guarantees and other factors that, in management's judgment, deserved evaluation. To ensure that an adequate ACL was maintained, provisions were made based on a number of factors, including the increase in loans/leases and a detailed analysis of the loan/lease portfolio. The loan/lease portfolio is reviewed and analyzed quarterly with specific detailed reviews completed on all credits risk-rated less than “fair quality,” and carrying aggregate exposure in excess of $250 thousand. The adequacy of the allowance is monitored by the credit administration staff and reported to management and the board of directors.
Changes in the ACL for loans/leases for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are presented as follows:
Changes in the ACL for OBS exposures for the three ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are presented as follows:
The Company recorded a negative provision on credit losses related to OBS exposures in the first quarter of 2026 of $234 thousand. The balance primarily fluctuates with changes in the balance of unfunded commitments. At March 31, 2026, the allowance for OBS exposures was $6.9 million.
The Company's levels of criticized and classified loans are reported in the following table:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating *
82,819
74,765
55,327
Substandard/Classified loans***
63,491
64,142
85,033
Doubtful/Classified loans***
Criticized Loans **
146,310
138,907
140,360
Criticized Loans as a % of Total Loans/Leases
1.94
2.06
Classified Loans as a % of Total Loans/Leases
0.87
0.89
1.25
* Amounts above include the government guaranteed portion, if any. For the calculation of ACL, the Company assigns internal risk ratings of Pass (Rating 2) for the government guaranteed portion.
** Criticized loans are defined as loans except for direct financing leases and equipment financing agreements with internally assigned risk ratings of 9, 10, or 11, regardless of performance.
*** Classified loans are defined as loans except for direct financing leases and equipment financing agreements with internally assigned risk ratings of 10 or 11, regardless of performance.
Criticized loans as a percentage of loans and leases increased 5% while classified loans as a percentage of loans and leases decreased 1% from December 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 due to certain large loans that were paid off. The Company continues its strong focus on improving credit quality in an effort to limit NPLs.
The following table summarizes the trend in allowance as a percentage of gross loans/leases and as a percentage of NPLs:
ACL for loans/leases / Total loans/leases held for investment
1.26
1.32
ACL for loans/leases / NPLs
204.16
213.08
189.76
Although management believes that the ACL at March 31, 2026 was at a level adequate to absorb losses on existing loans/leases, there can be no assurance that such losses will not exceed the estimated amounts or that the Company will not be required to make additional provisions in the future. Unpredictable future events could adversely affect cash flows for both commercial and individual borrowers, which could cause the Company to experience increases in problem assets, delinquencies and losses on loans/leases, and require further increases in the provision for credit losses. Asset quality remains a cornerstone of the Company’s strategy. Sustainable, profitable growth depends on maintaining that quality. The Company consistently directs focused efforts across its subsidiary banks and equipment financing company to strengthen and improve the overall loan/lease portfolio.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's ACL.
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NONPERFORMING ASSETS
The table below presents the amount of NPAs and related ratios:
Nonaccrual loans/leases (1)
47,259
Accruing loans/leases past due 90 days or more
47,615
402
Other repossessed assets
500
122
Total NPAs
42,898
43,337
48,139
NPLs to total loans/leases
0.70
NPAs to total loans/leases plus repossessed property
0.60
0.71
NPAs to total assets
0.45
0.53
Nonaccrual loans/leases to total loans/leases
0.69
ACL to nonaccrual loans
204.33
213.51
191.19
NPAs at March 31, 2026 were $42.9 million, a decrease of $439 thousand from December 31, 2025, and a decrease of $5.2 million from March 31, 2025. The ratio of NPAs to total assets was 0.45% at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and a decrease from 0.53% at March 31, 2025.
The majority of the NPAs consist of nonaccrual loans/leases. For nonaccrual loans/leases, management has thoroughly reviewed these loans/leases and has provided specific allowances as appropriate.
OREO and other repossessed assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
The policy of the Company is to place a loan/lease on nonaccrual status if: (a) payment in full of interest or principal is not expected; or (b) principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more unless the obligation is both in the process of collection and well secured. A loan/lease is well secured if it is secured by collateral with sufficient market value to repay principal and all accrued interest. A debt is in the process of collection if collection of the debt is proceeding in due course either through legal action, including judgment enforcement procedures, or in appropriate circumstances, through collection efforts not involving legal action which are reasonably expected to result in repayment of the debt or in its restoration to current status.
The Company's lending/leasing practices remain unchanged and asset quality remains a top priority for management.
DEPOSITS
Total deposits increased by $356.7 million during the first quarter of 2026.
The table below presents the composition of the Company's deposit portfolio:
Noninterest bearing demand deposits
963,851
Interest bearing demand deposits
5,629,924
5,190,974
5,119,601
968,914
1,035,317
951,606
Brokered deposits
184,498
236,930
302,332
The Company actively participates in the ICS/CDARS program, a trusted resource that provides FDIC insurance coverage for clients that maintain larger deposit balances. Deposits in the ICS/CDARS program (which are included in interest-bearing deposits and time deposits in the preceding table) totaled $2.6 billion, or 33.1% of all deposits, as of March 31, 2026.
The Company’s correspondent bank deposit portfolio and funds managed consists of the following:
The Company had total uninsured and uncollateralized deposits of $1.9 billion and $1.6 billion as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Management will continue to focus on growing its core deposit portfolio, including its correspondent banking business at QCBT, as well as shifting the mix from brokered and other higher cost deposits to lower cost core deposits. With the significant success achieved by QCBT in growing its correspondent banking business, QCBT has developed procedures to proactively monitor this industry concentration of deposits and loans. Other deposit-related industry concentrations and large accounts are monitored by the internal asset liability management committees.
BORROWINGS
The subsidiary banks purchase federal funds for short-term funding needs from the FRB or from their correspondent banks. The table below presents the composition of the Company's short-term borrowings:
Federal funds purchased
2,050
The Company's federal funds purchased fluctuate based on the short-term funding needs of the Company's subsidiary banks.
As a result of their memberships in the FHLB of Des Moines, the subsidiary banks have the ability to borrow funds for short or long-term purposes under a variety of programs. The subsidiary banks can utilize FHLB advances for loan
matching as a hedge against the possibility of changing interest rates and when these advances provide a less costly or more readily available source of funds than customer deposits.
The table below presents the Company's FHLB advances as of the periods indicated:
Term FHLB advances
10,609
10,383
145,383
Overnight FHLB advances
235,000
The Company had a decrease in overnight FHLB advances of $220.0 million from December 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026. The decrease was primarily due to strong deposit growth resulting in lower overnight FHLB funding needs during the first quarter of 2026.
It is management's intention to reduce its reliance on wholesale funding, including FHLB advances and brokered deposits. Replacement of this funding with core deposits helps to reduce interest expense as wholesale funding tends to be higher cost. However, the Company may choose to utilize advances and/or brokered deposits to supplement funding needs, as this is a way for the Company to effectively and efficiently manage interest rate risk.
The table below presents the maturity schedule including weighted average interest cost for the Company's combined wholesale funding portfolio (defined as FHLB advances and brokered deposits):
Weighted
Maturity:
Amount Due
Interest Rate
Year ending December 31:
48,034
4.01
320,520
2027
42,363
4.05
42,348
2028
52,538
3.99
52,519
2029
66,946
3.30
66,926
2030
Thereafter
Total Wholesale Funding
210,107
3.79
482,313
3.92
During the first three months of 2026, wholesale funding decreased $272.2 million due to deposit growth.
The Company renewed its revolving credit note in the second quarter of 2025. At renewal, the available amount under the line of credit increased from $50.0 million to $60.0 million for which there was no outstanding balance as of March 31, 2026. Interest on the revolving line of credit is calculated at the greater of: (a) the effective Prime Rate less 0.50%, or (b) 3.00% per annum. The collateral on the revolving line of credit is 100% of the outstanding stock of each of the Company’s bank subsidiaries.
The Company had other borrowings totaling $107.5 million as of March 31, 2026. In August 2025, the Company pledged a portion of its HTM municipal securities in exchange for term borrowings through a repurchase agreement. The repurchase agreements are reported as secured borrowings as we maintain effective control of the financed assets. There were no other borrowings as of March 31, 2026.
The Company had subordinated notes totaling $234.2 million and $233.6 million as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
The Company had junior subordinated debentures totaling $49.0 million and $48.9 million as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
The table below presents the composition of the Company's stockholders' equity:
Common stock
Additional paid in capital
AOCI
TCE / TA ratio (non-GAAP)*
* TCE/TA ratio is defined as total common stockholders' equity excluding goodwill and other intangibles divided by total assets. This ratio is a non-GAAP financial measure. See GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations.
As of March 31, 2026 and 2025, no preferred stock was outstanding.
On October 20, 2025, the board of directors of the Company approved a new share repurchase program under which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time as the Company deems appropriate, of up to 1,700,000 shares of its common stock, or approximately 10% of the outstanding shares as of September 30, 2025. The new share repurchase program does not have an expiration date. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any shares of its common stock, and other than repurchases that have been completed to date, there is no assurance that the Company will do so. Under the share repurchase program, the Company may repurchase shares of common stock from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The number, timing and price of shares repurchased will depend on a number of factors, including business and market conditions, regulatory requirements, availability of funds, and other factors, including opportunities to deploy the Company's capital. The Company may, in its discretion, begin, suspend or terminate repurchases at any time prior to the program’s expiration, without any prior notice.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity measures the ability of the Company to meet maturing obligations and its existing commitments, to withstand fluctuations in deposit levels, to fund its operations, and to provide for customer credit needs. The Company monitors liquidity risk through contingency planning stress testing on a regular basis. The Company seeks to avoid an over-concentration of funding sources and to establish and maintain contingent funding facilities that can be drawn upon if normal funding sources become unavailable. One source of liquidity is cash and short-term assets, such as interest-bearing deposits in other banks and federal funds sold, which totaled $119.3 million and $262.9 million at March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company’s on-balance sheet liquidity position can fluctuate based on short-term activity in deposits and loans.
The subsidiary banks have a variety of sources of short-term liquidity available to them, including federal funds purchased from correspondent banks, FHLB advances, wholesale structured repurchase agreements, brokered deposits, lines of credit, borrowing at the Federal Reserve Discount Window, sales of securities AFS, and loan/lease participations or sales. The Company also generates liquidity from the regular principal payments and prepayments made on its loan/lease portfolio and on the regular monthly payments on its securities portfolio.
At March 31, 2026, the subsidiary banks had 26 lines of credit totaling $918.7 million with upstream correspondent banks, of which $477.9 million was secured and $440.8 million was unsecured. At March 31, 2026, the Company had the full $918.7 million available under these lines of credit.
At December 31, 2025, the subsidiary banks had 26 lines of credit totaling $930.7 million, of which $489.9 million was secured and $440.8 million was unsecured. At December 31, 2025, $930.7 million was available under these lines of credit.
The Company has emphasized growing the number and amount of available lines of credit in an effort to strengthen this contingent source of liquidity. Additionally, the Company maintains a $60.0 million secured revolving credit note with a variable interest rate and a maturity of June 30, 2026. At March 31, 2026, the full $60.0 million was available.
As of March 31, 2026, the Company had $1.4 billion in actual correspondent banking deposits spread over 190 relationships. While the Company believes that these funds are relatively stable, there is the potential for large fluctuations that can impact liquidity. Seasonality and the liquidity needs of these correspondent banks can impact balances. Management closely monitors these fluctuations and runs stress scenarios to measure the impact on liquidity and interest rate risk with various levels of correspondent deposit run-off.
Investing activities used cash of $115.3 million during the first three months of 2026, compared to $123.5 million for the same period of 2025. The net decrease in federal funds sold was $22.2 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to a net decrease of $18.3 million for the same period of 2025. The net decrease in interest-bearing deposits at financial institutions was $8.1 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to a net increase of $73.4 million for the same period of 2025. Proceeds from calls, maturities, and paydowns of securities were $16.9 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to $24.0 million for the same period of 2025. Purchases of securities used cash of $33.8 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to $48.3 million for the same period of 2025. There were no proceeds from the sale of securities for the first three months of 2026 and 2025. The net increase in loans/leases used cash of $125.6 million for the first three months of 2026 compared to a net increase in loans of $41.5 million for the same period of 2025.
Financing activities provided cash of $114.4 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to $134.3 million for same period of 2025. Net increases in deposits totaled $356.7 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to net increases in deposits of $276.2 million for the same period of 2025. During the first three months of 2026, the Company's short-term borrowings decreased $700 thousand compared to an increase in short-term borrowings of $250 thousand for the same period of 2025. Net decrease in overnight advances totaled $220.0 million for the first three months of 2026 as compared to net decrease of $140.0 million for the same period of 2025. Repurchase and cancellation of shares in the first three months of 2026 totaled $20.8 million, as compared to no repurchase and cancellation of shares in the first three months of 2025.
Total cash provided by operating activities was $4.4 million for the first three months of 2026, compared to net cash used by operating activities of $3.6 million for the same period of 2025.
Throughout its history, the Company has secured additional capital through various sources, including the issuance of common and preferred stock, as well as trust preferred securities and subordinated notes.
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the subsidiary banks remained “well-capitalized” in accordance with regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking authorities. Refer to Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding regulatory capital.
SPECIAL NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document (including information incorporated by reference) contains, and future oral and written statements of the Company and its management may contain, forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company
intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of the Company. Forward-looking statements, which may be based upon beliefs, expectations and assumptions of the Company's management and on information currently available to management, are generally identifiable by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “bode,” “predict,” “suggest,” “project,” “appear,” “plan,” “intend,” “estimate,” “annualize,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “likely,” “might,” “potential,” “continue,” “annualized,” “target,” “outlook,” as well as the negative forms of those words or other similar expressions. Additionally, all statements in this document, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any statement in light of new information or future events.
Forward-looking statements are not historical facts but instead represent management’s current expectations and forecasts regarding future events, many of which are inherently uncertain and outside of our control. Actual results may differ, possibly materially, from those currently expected or projected in these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated or implied by forward-looking statements. A number of factors, many of which are beyond the ability of the Company to control or predict, could cause actual results to differ materially from those in its forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to:
61
These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. For a discussion of the factors that could have a material adverse effect on the operations and future prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, see the “Risk Factors” section included under Item 1A. of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company, like other financial institutions, is subject to direct and indirect market risk. Direct market risk exists from changes in interest rates. The Company's net income is dependent on its net interest income. Net interest income is susceptible to interest rate risk to the degree that interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice on a different basis than interest-earning assets. When interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice more quickly than interest-earning assets in a given period, a significant increase in market rates of interest could adversely affect net interest income. Similarly, when interest-earning assets mature or reprice more quickly than interest-bearing liabilities, falling interest rates could result in a decrease in net interest income.
In an attempt to manage the Company's exposure to changes in interest rates, management monitors the Company's interest rate risk. Each subsidiary bank has an asset/liability management committee of the board of directors that meets quarterly to review the bank's interest rate risk position and profitability, and to make or recommend adjustments for consideration by the full board of each bank.
Internal asset/liability management teams, consisting of members of the subsidiary banks’ management, meet bi-weekly to manage the mix of assets and liabilities to maximize earnings and liquidity and minimize interest rate and other risks. Management also reviews the subsidiary banks' securities portfolios, formulates investment strategies, and oversees the timing and implementation of transactions to assure attainment of the board's objectives in an effective manner. Notwithstanding the Company's interest rate risk management activities, the potential for changing interest rates is an uncertainty that can have an adverse effect on net income.
In adjusting the Company's asset/liability position, the board of directors and management attempt to manage the Company's interest rate risk while maintaining or enhancing net interest margins. At times, depending on the level of general interest rates, the relationship between long-term and short-term interest rates, market conditions and competitive factors, the board of directors and management may decide to increase the Company's interest rate risk position somewhat in order to increase its net interest margin. The Company's results of operations and net portfolio values remain vulnerable to increases in interest rates and to fluctuations in the difference between long-term and short-term interest rates.
One method used to quantify interest rate risk is a short-term earnings at risk summary, which is a detailed and dynamic simulation model used to quantify the estimated exposure of net interest income to sustained interest rate changes. This simulation model captures the impact of changing interest rates on the interest income received and interest expense paid on all interest sensitive assets and liabilities reflected on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. This sensitivity analysis demonstrates net interest income exposure annually over a five-year horizon, assuming no balance sheet growth, no balance sheet mix change, and various interest rate scenarios including no change in rates; 100, 200, 300, and 400 basis point upward and downward shifts; where interest-bearing assets and liabilities reprice at their earliest possible repricing date.
The model assumes parallel and pro rata shifts in interest rates over a twelve-month period for the 100, 200 and 300 basis point upward and downward shifts. For the 400 basis point upward shift, the model assumes a parallel and pro rata shift in interest rates over a twenty-four month period.
Further, in recent years, the Company added additional interest rate scenarios where interest rates experience a parallel and instantaneous shift (a “shock”) upward and downward of 100, 200, 300, and 400 basis points. The Company will run additional interest rate scenarios on an as-needed basis.
The asset/liability management committees of the subsidiary bank boards of directors have established policy limits of a 10% decline in net interest income for the 200-basis point upward and downward parallel shift. For the 300 basis point upward and downward shock, the established policy limit is a 30% decline in net interest income. The increased policy limit is appropriate as the shock scenario is extreme and unlikely and warrants a higher limit than the more realistic and traditional parallel/pro-rata shift scenarios.
Application of the simulation model analysis for select interest rate scenarios at the most recent quarter-end available is presented in the following table:
NET INTEREST INCOME EXPOSURE IN YEAR 1
INTEREST RATE SCENARIO
POLICY LIMIT
300 basis point downward parallel shock
(30.0)
0.9
200 basis point downward parallel shift
(10.0)
0.7
200 basis point upward parallel shift
(1.0)
300 basis point upward parallel shock
(3.8)
With the shift in funding from non-interest bearing and lower beta deposits to higher beta deposits, the Company’s balance sheet is now moderately liability sensitive. Notably, management is conservative with the repricing assumptions on loans and deposits. For example, management does not model any delay in loan and deposit betas despite historical experience and practice of delays in deposit betas. Additionally, management does not model mix shift or growth in its standard scenarios which can be impactful. As an alternative, management runs separate scenarios to capture the impact on delayed beta performance and various shifts in mix of loans and deposits. Finally, management models a variety of scenarios including some that stress key assumptions to help capture and isolate the impact of the management’s more conservative approach to the assumptions in the base model.
The simulation is within the board-established policy limits for all four scenarios. Additionally, for all of the various interest rate scenarios modeled and measured by management (as described above), the results at March 31, 2026 were within established risk tolerances as established by policy or by best practice (if the interest rate scenario didn't have a specific policy limit).
Interest rate risk is considered to be one of the most significant market risks affecting the Company. For that reason, the Company engages the assistance of a national consulting firm and its risk management system to monitor and control the Company's interest rate risk exposure. Other types of market risk, such as foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity price risk, do not arise in the normal course of the Company's business activities.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act of 1934) as of March 31, 2026. Based on that evaluation, the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of the end of the period covered by this report, to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed and submitted under the Exchange Act was recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There have been no significant changes to the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 Legal Proceedings
There are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to their respective businesses.
Item 1A Risk Factors
Other than as set forth below, there have been no material changes in the risk factors applicable to the Company from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Please refer to that section of the Company’s Form 10-K for disclosures regarding the other risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s business.
Litigation and regulatory actions could subject the Company to significant fines, penalties, judgments or other requirements resulting in increased expenses or restrictions on the Company’s business activities.
The Company’s business is subject to increased litigation and regulatory risks because of a number of factors, including the highly regulated nature of the financial services industry and the focus of state and federal prosecutors on banks and the financial services industry generally. This focus has only intensified in recent years, with regulators and prosecutors focusing on a variety of financial institution practices and requirements, including foreclosure practices, compliance with applicable consumer protection laws, classification of “held for sale” assets and compliance with anti-money laundering statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act and sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
In the normal course of business, from time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries have in the past and may in the future be named as a defendant in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, arising in connection with their current or prior business activities. Legal actions could include claims for substantial compensatory or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages. The outcomes of legal actions such as these are unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties, and it is inherently difficult to determine whether any loss is probable or even possible. It is also inherently difficult to estimate the amount of any loss and there may be matters for which a loss is probable or reasonably possible but not currently estimable. Accordingly, actual losses may be in excess of any estimates, established accruals or the range of reasonably possible losses. It is possible that the ultimate resolution of any such matter, if unfavorable, may be material to the Company’s results of operations for any particular period. Any exposure of the Company to significant financial liability or reputational harm may adversely impact demand for the Company’s products and services or otherwise have a material adverse effect on its reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. For example, CSB was named as a defendant in a proposed class action lawsuit with respect to overdraft fees. Additional information regarding this litigation is included in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On October 20, 2025, the board of directors of the Company approved a new share repurchase program under which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time as the Company deems appropriate, of up to 1,700,000 shares of its common stock, or approximately 10% of the outstanding shares as of September 30, 2025. The new share repurchase program does not have an expiration date.
Total number of shares
Maximum number
purchased as part of
of shares that may still
Total number of
Average price
publicly announced
be purchased under
Period
shares purchased
paid per share
plans or programs
the plans or programs
January 1-31, 2026
36,069
86.10
185,525
1,514,475
February 1-28, 2026
29,576
90.28
215,101
1,484,899
March 1-31, 2026
181,644
83.68
396,745
1,303,255
Item 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable
Item 5 Other Information
During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2026, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted or terminated a contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule10b5-1(c) or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.
Item 6 Exhibits
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101
Inline XBRL Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the
three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025; and (vi) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104
Inline XBRL cover page interactive data file pursuant to Rule 406 of Regulation S-T for the interactive data files referenced in Exhibit 101.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
(Registrant)
Date
May 8, 2026
/s/ Todd A. Gipple
Todd A. Gipple
President & Chief Executive Officer
/s/ Nick W. Anderson
Nick W. Anderson
Chief Financial Officer
/s/ Brittany N. Whitfield
Brittany N. Whitfield
Chief Accounting Officer