UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 29, 2025
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-40117
COMPLETE SOLARIA, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
45700 Northport Loop East, Fremont, CA 94538
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(510) 270-2507
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of August 11, 2025, 83,108,708 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, were issued and outstanding.
COMPLETE SOLARIA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may constitute “forward-looking statements” for purposes of the federal securities laws. Our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our and our management team’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may include, for example and without limitation, statements about:
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Actual events or results may differ from those expressed in forward-looking statements. You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that may affect our business, financial condition and operating results. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and we cannot predict all risks and uncertainties that could impact the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.
In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. While we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.
The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands except share and per share amounts)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
Includes revenue and commission expense attributable to related party of $0.1 million, and $0.1 million in the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025. There were no similar related party transactions included the thirteen and twenty six week periods ended June 30, 2024. Refer to Note 16 – Related Party Transactions for details.
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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit
(in thousands except number of shares)
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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Includes related party expense of zero and $1.0 million in the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, respectively.
Includes related party non-cash income of $0.1 million in the twenty-six week period ended June 29, 2025.
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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(1) Organization
(a) Description of business
Complete Solaria, Inc. (the “Company” or “Complete Solaria”) is incorporated in Delaware and is a residential solar installer that offers storage and home energy solutions to customers in North America. The Company was formed through Complete Solar Holding Corporation’s acquisition of The Solaria Corporation (“Solaria”). The Company is headquartered in Fremont, California.
Complete Solar, Inc. (“Complete Solar”) was incorporated in Delaware on February 22, 2010. Through February 2022, the Company operated as Complete Solar, Inc., a single legal entity. In February 2022, the Company implemented a holding company reorganization (the “Reorganization”) in which the Company created and incorporated Complete Solar Holding Corporation (“Complete Solar Holdings”). As a result of the Reorganization, Complete Solar Holdings became the successor entity to Complete Solar, Inc. Subsequently, Complete Solar Holdings changed its name to Complete Solaria, Inc.
On July 18, 2023, the Company consummated a series of merger transactions contemplated by an Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement entered into with wholly-owned subsidiaries of Freedom Acquisition I Corp. (“FACT”) entered into on May 26, 2023 (“Mergers”), equating to a reverse recapitalization for accounting purposes. Under the reverse recapitalization of accounting, FACT was treated as the acquired company for financial statement reporting purposes. This determination was based on the Company having a majority of the voting power of the post-combination company, the Company’s senior management comprising substantially all of the senior management of the post-combination company, and the Company’s operations comprising the ongoing operations of the post-combination company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Mergers were treated as the equivalent of a capital transaction in which Complete Solaria issued stock for the net assets of FACT. The net assets of FACT were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.
On August 5, 2024, Complete Solaria entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “APA”) among Complete Solaria, SunPower Corporation (“SunPower”) and SunPower’s direct and indirect subsidiaries (collectively, the “SunPower Debtors”) providing for the Company’s purchase of certain assets relating to the Blue Raven Solar business, New Homes Business and Non-Installing Dealer network previously operated by the SunPower Debtors (“SunPower Acquisition”). The APA was entered into in connection with a voluntary petition filed by SunPower under Chapter 11 of the United States Code, 11 U.S.C.§§ 101-1532. The sale by SunPower was approved on September 23, 2024, by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. The Company completed the acquisition on September 30, 2024.
(b) Liquidity and going concern
Since inception through June 29, 2025, the Company incurred recurring losses and has incurred negative cash flows from operations. The Company’s loss from continuing operations was $14.3 million in the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025. The Company had an accumulated deficit of $425.7 million, total debt of $152.9 million, and cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash, of $11.1 million as of June 29, 2025. The Company believes that operating losses and negative operating cash flows will continue into the foreseeable future. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Management plans to obtain additional funding when necessary. Historically, the Company’s activities primarily have been financed through private placements of equity securities, the issuance of convertible notes and debt, cash generated from operations, and proceeds from the Mergers.
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As a result of not timely filing its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, the Company is not currently eligible to use a registration statement on Form S-3 that would allow the Company to continuously incorporate by reference its SEC reports into the registration statement, to use “shelf” registration statements to conduct offerings, or to use its at-the-market offering facility until approximately one year from the date the Company has regained and maintained status as a current filer. The Company’s inability to use Form S-3 may significantly impair its ability to raise necessary capital to fund its operations and execute its strategy. If the Company seeks to access the capital markets through a registered offering during the period of time that it is unable to use Form S-3, the Company may be required to publicly disclose the proposed offering and the material terms thereof before the offering commences, the Company may experience delays in the offering process due to SEC review of a Form S-1 registration statement, and the Company may incur increased offering and transaction costs and other considerations. If the Company is unable to raise capital through a registered offering, the Company would be required to conduct its equity financing transactions on a private placement basis, which may be subject to pricing, size and other limitations imposed under the Nasdaq rules, or seek other sources of capital. The foregoing limitations on the Company’s financing approaches could prevent the Company from pursuing transactions or implementing business strategies that would be beneficial to its business.
If the Company is not able to secure adequate additional funding when needed, the Company will need to reevaluate its operating plan and may be forced to make reductions in spending, extend payment terms with suppliers, liquidate assets where possible, or suspend or curtail planned programs or cease operations entirely. These actions could materially impact the Company’s business, results of operations and future prospects. While the Company has been able to raise multiple rounds of financing, there can be no assurance that in the event the Company requires additional financing, such financing will be available on terms that are favorable, or at all. Failure to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, raise additional capital or reduce certain discretionary spending would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to achieve its intended business objectives.
Therefore, there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue to operate as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. They do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from uncertainty related to its ability to continue as a going concern.
(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Basis of presentation
The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared by the Company in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of June 29, 2025, and the results of operations for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any other future period. These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 30, 2025.
On March 10, 2025, the Company’s board of directors approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end to a 52-to-53-week fiscal year that ends on the Sunday closest to December 31. This change was effective for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024. The Company’s first fiscal quarters for 2025 and 2024 in this report on Form 10-Q ended June 29, 2025 (“Second Quarter 2025”) and June 30, 2024 (“Second Quarter 2024”), respectively.
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(b) Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
The Company reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets that aggregate to the beginning and ending balances shown in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as follows (in thousands):
(c) Estimated credit losses
The Company recognizes an allowance for credit loss at the time a receivable is recorded based on the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses, historical write-off experience, and current account knowledge, and adjusts this estimate over the life of the receivable as needed. The Company evaluates the aggregation and risk characteristics of a receivable pool and develops loss rates that reflect historical collections, current forecasts of future economic conditions over the time horizon that the Company is exposed to credit risk, and payment terms or conditions that may materially affect future forecasts.
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition when deemed necessary. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses based on the expected collectability of all accounts receivable, which takes into consideration an analysis of historical bad debts, specific customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. The Company believes that its concentration of credit risk is limited because of the large number of customers, credit quality of the customer base, small account balances for most of these customers, and customer geographic diversification. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure relating to its customers.
The following table summarizes the allowance for credit losses as follows (in thousands):
(d) Contract assets and contract liabilities
Contract assets consist of unbilled receivables which represent revenue that has been recognized in advance of billing the customer. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer advances, which represent consideration received from a customer prior to transferring control of goods or services to the customer under the terms of a sales contract. Total contract assets and contract liabilities balances as of the respective dates are as follows (in thousands):
The Company typically invoices its customers upon completion of set milestones, generally upon installation of the solar energy system with the remaining balance invoiced upon passing final building inspection. Standard payment terms to customers range from 30 to 60 days. When the Company receives payment, or when such payment is unconditionally due from a customer prior to delivering goods or services to the customer under the terms of a customer agreement, the Company records this deferred revenue as a contract liability. As installation projects are typically completed within 12-months, the Company’s contract liability is reflected within current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
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(e) Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business when a customer obtains control of promised products and services and the Company has satisfied its performance obligations which is the date by which substantially all of its design and installation is complete for a fully functioning solar power system to interconnect to the local power grid.
Installation includes the design of a solar energy system, the delivery of the components of the solar energy system (i.e., photovoltaic system, inverter, battery storage, etc.), installation services and services facilitating the connection of the solar energy system to the power grid. The Company accounts for these services as inputs to a combined output, resulting in a single service-based performance obligation.
The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for the products and services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps:
Residential Solar Installation revenues
The Company’s Residential Solar Installation segment sells products through a network of installing and non-installing dealers and resellers, as well as its internal sales team. The Company’s contracts with customers include three primary contract types:
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New Homes Business revenues
The Company’s New Homes Business segment sells through a network of home builders as well as its internal sales team. The Company’s contracts with customers include two primary contract types:
The Company’s performance obligation for both of these reportable segments is to design and install a fully functioning solar energy system. For all contract types (with the exception of New Homes Business Lease agreements), the Company recognizes revenue over time. The Company’s over-time revenue recognition begins when the solar power system is fully installed (as it is at this point that control of the asset begins to be transferred to the customer, and the customer retains the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the solar power system). The Company recognizes revenue using the input method based on direct costs to install the system and defers the costs of installation until such time that control of the asset transfers to the customer (installation). For New Homes Business Lease agreements, the Company considers the performance obligation to be satisfied at a point in time upon acceptance of the system by the customer.
Revenue is generally recognized at the transaction price contained within the agreement, net of costs of financing, or other consideration paid to the customers that is not in exchange for a distinct good or service. The Company’s arrangements may contain clauses that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. Variable consideration is estimated at each measurement date at its most likely amount to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and true-ups are applied prospectively as such estimates change.
The Company records deferred revenue for amounts invoiced that are received in advance of the provisioning of services. In certain contracts with customers, the Company arranges for a third-party financing partner to provide financing to the customer. The Company collects upfront from the financing partner and the customer will provide instalment payments to the financing partner. The Company records revenue in the amount received from the financing partner, net of any financing fees charged to the homeowner, which the Company considers to be a customer incentive. None of the Company’s contracts contain a significant financing component.
Costs to obtain and fulfill contracts
The Company’s costs to obtain and fulfill contracts, when recognized, associated with systems sales are expensed as sales commission and cost of revenue, respectively. In addition, incentives the Company provides to its customers, such as discounts and rebates, are recorded net to the revenue the Company has recognized on the solar power system.
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Disaggregation of revenue
Refer to the table below for the Company’s revenue recognized (in thousands):
All revenue was generated in the United States.
Remaining performance obligations
The Company elected the practical expedient not to disclose the remaining performance obligations for contracts that are less than one year in length.
Incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts
Incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts consist of sales commissions, which are costs paid to third-party vendors who source residential customer contracts for the sale of solar energy systems by the Company. The Company defers sales commissions and recognizes expenses in accordance with the timing of the related revenue recognition. Amortization of deferred commissions is recorded as sales commissions in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024, deferred commissions were not material.
(f) Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The objective of ASU 2023-09 is to enhance disclosures related to income taxes, including specific thresholds for inclusion within the tabular disclosure of income tax rate reconciliation and specified information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public companies starting in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company will adopt this ASU in its annual report for the fiscal year ending December 28, 2025. The Company is assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires the disaggregation of certain expenses in the notes of the financial statements to provide enhanced transparency into the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. The FASB subsequently issued ASU 2025-01 “Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date”, which amends the effective date of ASU 2024-03 to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in ASU 2024-03 in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption of ASU 2024-03 is permitted. The Company is assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-04, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) (“ASU 2024-04”). The guidance in ASU 2024-04 clarifies the requirements related to accounting for the settlement of a debt instrument as an induced conversion. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted as of the beginning of a reporting period if the entity has also adopted ASU 2020-06 for that period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2024-04 may have on its disclosures in its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02 “Codification Improvements-Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements”, which removes various references to concepts statements from the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company expects the new guidance will have an immaterial impact on its consolidated financial statements and intends to adopt the guidance when it becomes effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2026.
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(g) Correction of an immaterial error
During the preparation of the financial statements for the quarter ended June 29, 2025, the Company identified an immaterial classification error in its previously issued financial statements for the thirteen week period ended March 30, 2025. Specifically, due to a misclassification of certain payroll expenses, the Company understated Cost of revenue and overstated Gross profit by $7.6 million and understated Sales and marketing by $1.6 million and overstated General and administrative expenses by the aggregate of these amounts. The correction had no impact on net income (loss), earnings per share, total assets, total liabilities, or accumulated deficit for any period presented.
(h) Changes in related parties
During the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, CRSEF Solis Holdings, LLC and its affiliates (“Carlyle”), a related party, ceased to be a significant shareholder in the Company. Transactions previously reported with Carlyle have been disclosed as related party transactions. Following the change in the current quarter, beginning in the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, transactions with Carlyle are no longer disclosed as related party transactions.
During the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, the Company concluded that Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund (“Polar”) ceased to be a related party. Transactions previously reported with Polar have been disclosed as related party transactions. Following the change in the current quarter, beginning in the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, transactions with Polar are no longer disclosed as related party transactions.
(3) Business Combination
SunPower acquisition
On September 30, 2024, commencing the Company’s fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of certain assets and assumption of certain liabilities of SunPower for an aggregate cash consideration paid of $54.5 million, net of $1.0 million of cash acquired. SunPower Corporation is a solar technology and energy services provider that offers fully integrated solar, storage, and home energy solutions to customers in the United States through an array of hardware, software, and “Smart Energy” solutions. The financial results of the SunPower acquisition have been included in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements since the date of SunPower acquisition. This transaction was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations.
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Transaction costs incurred in connection with the close of the SunPower acquisition totaled $7.2 million and were expensed by the Company and included in general and administrative expenses within the fourth quarter of the Company’s fiscal year ended December 29, 2024.
The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were based upon a preliminary valuation, and the Company’s estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period. Due to the complexities of acquiring assets out of bankruptcy the purchase accounting remains open for certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed. As of June 29, 2025, the Company identified a remeasurement of the fair value of acquired inventory resulting in a downward revision to the inventory with the offsetting adjustment to goodwill. Further adjustments to the Company’s inventory are anticipated within the 36 week period ending September 28, 2025, as the Company finalizes its provisional accounting for the business combination. The primary areas that remain provisional in addition to the measurement of the inventory acquired include the fair value of intangible assets and goodwill. The following table summarizes the provisional fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
(4) Fair Value Measurements
The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, on a recurring basis (in thousands):
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Includes zero and $1.3 million due to related parties as of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024, respectively.
Subsequent to issuance, changes in the fair value of the derivative liabilities, liability classified warrants, forward purchase agreements and SAFEs are recorded within Other (expense) income, net in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Derivative liabilities
The Company issued derivative liabilities in conjunction with the issuance of certain convertible notes in July 2024 and September 2024 (refer to Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities). The Company valued the derivative liabilities as of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024 using a binomial lattice model, which includes Level 3 unobservable inputs. The key inputs used were dividend yield, the Company’s common stock price, volatility, risk-free rate and the expected term of the derivative liabilities.
The July 2024 Notes derivative liability valuation included the following inputs:
The September 2024 Notes derivative liability valuation included the following inputs:
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Public warrants
The public warrants are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The public warrants were valued based on the closing price of the publicly traded instrument.
Private placement and working capital warrants
The private placement and working capital warrants are measured at fair value. The Company valued the private placement and working capital warrants, based on a Black-Scholes Option Pricing Method, which included the following inputs:
Forward purchase agreement liabilities
FPAs are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using a Monte Carlo simulation analysis. The expected volatility is determined based on the historical equity volatility of comparable companies over a period that matches the simulation period, which included the following inputs:
SAFE agreement with related party
The SAFE Agreement was valued based on a conversion probability of 50% based on historical SAFE agreements and a 50% discount rate at the time of conversion as of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024.
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Financial liabilities not measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
The following table sets forth the Company’s financial liabilities that were not measured at fair value, on a non-recurring basis (in thousands):
35,001
22,567
As of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024, the July 2024 Notes and the September 2024 Notes were fair valued using a binomial lattice model, which includes Level 3, unobservable inputs. The key inputs used are consistent with those used to fair value the derivative liabilities as discussed under Derivative Liabilities above.
(5) Other Intangible Assets
The Company’s other intangible assets were acquired in connection with the SunPower Acquisition on September 30, 2024. The following table represents the Company’s other intangible assets with finite useful lives as of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024 (in thousands):
Aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets was $0.7 million $1.4 million for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, respectively. Amortization expense was zero in each of the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 30, 2024. Amortization expense is recognized within general and administrative expenses in the accompany unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
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(6) Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilitiesconsist of the following (in thousands):
Includes related party accrued interest of $2.9 million and $2.2 million as of June 29, 2025 and December 29, 2024, respectively.
(7) Other (Expense) Income, Net
Other (expense) income, net consists of the following(in thousands):
Includes gain of zero and $0.1 million due to related parties for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, respectively. Includes gain of $1.0 million and loss of $1.0 million due to related parties for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 30, 2024, respectively.
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(8) Capital Stock
The Company has authorized the issuance of 1,000,000,000shares of common stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock as of June 29, 2025. No preferred stock has been issued and none are outstanding as of June 29, 2025.
Common stock purchase agreement
On July 16, 2024, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement with White Lion Capital, LLC (“White Lion”), as amended on July 24, 2024 (“White Lion SPA”), and a related registration rights agreement for an equity line of credit financing facility. Pursuant to the White Lion SPA, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to require White Lion to purchase, from time to time, up to $30 million in aggregate gross purchase price of newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to the caps and certain limitations and conditions set forth in the White Lion SPA, including terms that restrict the ability of the Company to issue shares of common stock to White Lion that would result in White Lion beneficially owning more than 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.
On August 14, 2024, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 to the White Lion SPA (collectively with the White Lion SPA “White Lion Amended SPA”). The White Lion Amended SPA provides that the Company may notify White Lion to exercise the Company’s right to sell shares of its common stock by delivering an Hour Rapid Purchase Notice. If the Company delivers an Hour Rapid Purchase Notice, the Company shall deliver to White Lion shares of common stock not to exceed the lesser of (i) five percent of the Average Daily Trading Volume on the date of an Hour Rapid Purchase Notice and (ii) 100,000 shares of common stock. The closing of the transactions under an Hour Rapid Purchase Notice will occur one Business Day following the date on which the Hour Rapid Purchase Notice is delivered. At such closing, White Lion will pay the Company the Hour Rapid Purchase Investment Amount equal to the number of shares of common stock subject to the applicable Hour Rapid Purchase Notice multiplied by the lowest traded price of the Company’s common stock during the one-hour period following White Lion’s consent to the acceptance of the applicable Hour Rapid Purchase Notice. Under the White Lion Amended SPA, the Company did not issue any shares of common stock in the periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024.
The Company has reserved shares of common stock for issuance related to the following:
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Warrants
The potential number of shares of the Company’s common stock for outstanding warrants were as follows:
Ayna warrant
On June 17, 2024, a warrant to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock (“Ayna Warrant”) was issued to Ayna.AI LLC (“Ayna”) for the purchase of 6,000,000shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price per share of $0.01, subject to the provisions and upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Ayna Warrant. At issuance, the fair value of the Ayna Warrant was determined to be $9.2 million, based on the intrinsic value of the Ayna Warrant and the $0.01 per share exercise price. The Ayna Warrant was set to expire on June 17, 2029. The issuance of the Ayna Warrant by the Company to Ayna was in satisfaction of the compensation for services provided to the Company by Ayna under the terms of a statement of work (“Ayna SOW”), signed May 21, 2024 (and effective as of March 12, 2024), as incorporated into a master services agreement dated March 12, 2024. Under the Ayna SOW, Ayna provided services in connection with the anticipated return of the Company to cash-flow positive performance.
The Ayna Warrant was accounted for under ASC 718 as it met the conditions for equity classification and therefore, the Ayna Warrant was not subsequently remeasured in future periods. The Company recognized the full amount of the fair value of $9.2 million as an expense between the date of issue and December 29, 2024.
The Ayna Warrant became fully exercisable for the 6,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock on September 9, 2024. The Ayna Warrant was exercised in full for cash of $0.06million in January 2025.
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Cantor warrant
In July 2024, the Company issued a warrant (“Cantor Warrant”) to a third-party service provider to purchase 3,066,141 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange for services provided in the issuance of the July 2024 Notes (refer to Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities). The Cantor Warrant was immediately exercisable at a price of $1.68 per share and has an expiration date in July 2029. At issuance, the fair value of the Cantor Warrant was determined to be $1.4 million, of which $0.9 million was recorded as a debt discount and $0.5 million was attributable to the convertible notes issued in the Exchange Agreement (as defined in Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities) and reduced the gain on the troubled debt restructuring recognized in its annual consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for fiscal 2024 as described in Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities. The fair value of this warrant was derived using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions: expected volatility of 55%; risk-free interest rate of 4.2%; expected term of 5 years; and no dividend yield. The fair value of this warrant was recorded within additional paid-in capital on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and has not been subsequently remeasured in future periods as it met the conditions for equity classification.
Carlyle warrant
In February 2022, as part of a debt financing arrangement with Carlyle , the Company issued Carlyle a warrant to purchase 2,886,952 shares of Legacy Complete Solaria Common Stock at a price per share of $0.01. The warrant contained two tranches, the first of which was immediately exercisable for 1,995,879 shares of common stock. The second tranche expired on December 31, 2022, prior to becoming exercisable. In December 2023, Carlyle was issued a warrant to purchase an additional 2,190,604 shares of the Company’s common stock related to an anti-dilution provision under the then-existing debt arrangement with Carlyle.
In July 2023, and in connection with the closing of the Mergers, the Company entered into the Carlyle Warrant Amendment (as defined in Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities), Based on the exchange ratio included in the Mergers, the 1,995,879 outstanding warrants to purchase Legacy Complete Solaria Common Stock prior to modification were exchanged into warrants to purchase 1,995,879 shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock. The Carlyle Warrant Amendment required the Company to issue to Carlyle a warrant to purchase up to 2,745,879 shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock at a price per share of $0.01, which was inclusive of the outstanding warrant to purchase 1,995,879 shares at the time of modification. The warrant, which expires on July 18, 2030, provided Carlyle with the right to purchase shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock based on (a) the greater of (i) 1,995,879 shares and (ii) the number of shares equal to 2.795% of Complete Solaria’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock, on a fully-diluted basis; plus (b) on and after the date that was ten (10) days after the date of the agreement, an additional 350,000 shares; plus (c) on and after the date that was thirty (30) days after the date of the agreement, if the original investment amount had not been repaid, an additional 150,000 shares; plus (d) on and after the date that was ninety (90) days after the date of the agreement, if the original investment amount had not been repaid, an additional 250,000 shares, in each case, of Complete Solaria Common Stock at a price of $0.01 per share. The modification of the warrant resulted in the reclassification of previously equity-classified warrants to liability classification, which was accounted for in accordance with ASC 815 and ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation.
Changes in the fair value of the Carlyle Warrant were recorded within Other (expense) income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The change in the fair value of the Carlyle Warrant resulted in expense of $3.6 million and income of $2.9 million in the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2024, respectively.
As of June 30, 2024, the Carlyle Warrant had a fair value of $6.6 million. On July 1, 2024, in connection with the Exchange Agreement, the Carlyle Warrant was modified, and the modification fixed the number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the Carlyle Warrant at 4,936,483. At the July 1, 2024, modification date, the Carlyle Warrant had a fair value of $7.3 million, and the Company recognized $0.7 million of expense related to the remeasurement of the liability which was classified within “Gain on Troubled Debt Restructuring” within the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss in its fiscal 2024 consolidated results. The modification of the Carlyle Warrant also resulted in the reclassification of the Carlyle Warrant from liability to equity classification, resulting in an increase to additional paid-in capital of $7.3 million and a reduction in the warrant liability of $7.3 million.
Carlyle exercised the warrant for shares of the Company’s common stock in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024.
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(9) Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities
The Company’s borrowings and derivative liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
12% senior unsecured convertible notes
In July 2024, the Company issued $46.0 million of senior unsecured convertible notes (“July 2024 Notes”) to various lenders. Of the July 2024 Notes, $10.0 million were issued to a third party, $18.0 million were issued to a related party affiliated with the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and a director, Rodgers Revocable Trust, and $18.0 million were issued in exchange for the cancellation of indebtedness as discussed below of which $10.0 million were issued to Carlyle which was also deemed to be a related party at the date of the exchange. During the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, Carlyle was no longer deemed a related party with the Company. Refer to Note 2 (h) – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – “Changes in related parties” for details. The July 2024 Notes bear interest at 12% per annum, and the principal is payable in full at maturity on July 1, 2029. The interest is payable in cash on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on July 1, 2025. The interest rate increases by 3% in the event of default. The July 2024 Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of the holder at a conversion rate of $1.68 per share. Holders of the July 2024 Notes may convert at any time. The July 2024 Notes may be declared due and payable at the option of the holder upon an event of default and upon a qualifying change of control event. The conversion option was required to be bifurcated as a derivative liability, and the Company recorded an initial derivative liability of $28.7 million on the issuance date with a corresponding debt discount.
In connection with the issuance of the July 2024 Notes, the Company issued the Cantor Warrant, as described in Note 8 – Capital Stock, to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. At issuance, the Cantor Warrant had a fair value of $1.4 million, of which $0.9 million was recorded as a debt discount, and $0.5 million was included in the calculation of the Company’s gain on the troubled debt restructuring as further described below in the Exchange Agreement. The effective interest rate is 33.4% and 31.7% on the July 2024 Notes’ principal amounts of $28.0 million and $18.0 million, respectively.
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There are no financial covenants. The July 2024 Notes are not in default. However, due to the Company’s delayed filing of its Form 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2024, the Company was required to accrue incremental interest of 0.5% beginning April 16, 2025 through April 30, 2025, the date upon which the Form 10-K was filed.
The carrying amount of the convertible July 2024 Notes, inclusive of the fair value of the derivative liabilities was as follows (in thousands):
Contingent interest payable upon default and included in the July 2024 Notes was as follows (in thousands):
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount cost were as follows (in thousands):
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7% senior unsecured convertible notes
In September 2024, the Company issued $66.8 million of senior unsecured convertible notes to various lenders (the “September 2024 Notes”), $4.0 million of which were issued to Rodgers Family Freedom and Free Markets Charitable Trust (“Massey Charitable Trust”), a related party and $4.0 million were issued to Rodgers Revocable Trust (collectively with Massey Charitable Trust, “Massey Trusts”), also a related party. The September 2024 Notes bear interest at 7% per annum, and the principal is payable in full at maturity on July 1, 2029. The interest is payable in cash on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2025. The September 2024 Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of the holder at a conversion rate of $2.14 per common share. Holders of the September 2024 Notes may convert at any time. The September 2024 Notes may be declared due and payable at the option of the holder upon an event of default and upon a qualifying change of control event. The conversion option was required to be bifurcated as a derivative liability, and the Company recorded a derivative liability of $91.5 million on the issuance date. As the fair value of the derivative liability exceeded the proceeds received, the Company recorded a corresponding financing loss of $24.7 million and debt discount for $66.8 million as of the issuance date as further described below in the Exchange Agreement. In December 2024, the Company issued an additional $13.0 million of September 2024 Notes for cash. The Company recognized a $10.9 million debt discount in connection with these additional proceeds. The Company issued an additional $0.2 million of September 2024 Notes in the thirteen week period ended March 30, 2025. The effective interest rates are 27.6%, 47.3% and 7.0% on the September 2024 Notes’ principal amounts of $66.8 million, $13.0 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
There are no financial covenants. The September 2024 Notes are not in default. However, due to the Company’s delayed filing of its Form 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2024, the Company was required to accrue incremental interest of 0.5% beginning April 16, 2025 through April 30, 2025, the date upon which the Form 10-K was filed.
The carrying amount of the convertible September 2024 Notes, inclusive of the fair value of the derivative liabilities was as follows (in thousands):
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Exchange agreement
On July 1, 2024, the Company entered into an Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) with Carlyle, which was deemed to be a related party beginning in fiscal 2024 and ended as of March 30, 2025 as described in Note 2 (h) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Changes in related parties, and Kline Hill (as defined below) providing for:
At the date of the cancellation under the Exchange Agreement, the Company’s indebtedness to CS Solis was $37.2 million and the indebtedness to Kline Hill was comprised of the 2018 Bridge Notes of $11.7 million, Revolving Loan balance assigned to Kline Hill of $3.9 million, and the Secured Credit Facility balance of $13.1 million.
The Company concluded that the transactions entered into in the Exchange Agreement represented a troubled debt restructuring as the Company was experiencing financial difficulty, and the new terms of the July 2024 Notes resulted in a concession to the Company. As the carrying amount of the debt exceeded the future undiscounted cash payments under the new terms on the date of the exchange, the Company recorded a gain on the troubled debt restructuring of $19.8million in the thirteen week period ended September 29, 2024 and an additional $2.5 million gain in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 for an aggregate gain of $22.3 million in fiscal 2024.
Debt in CS Solis
As part of the Reorganization described in Note 1(a) Organization – Description of Business, the Company received cash and recorded debt for an investment by Carlyle. The investment was made pursuant to a subscription agreement, under which Carlyle contributed $25.6 million in exchange for 100 Class B Membership Units of CS Solis and the Company contributed the net assets of Complete Solar, Inc., in exchange for 100 Class A Membership Units. The Class B Membership Units were mandatorily redeemable by the Company on the three-year anniversary of the effective date of the CS Solis amended and restated LLC agreement (February 14, 2025). The Class B Membership Units accrued interest that was payable upon redemption at a rate of 10.5% (which was structured as a dividend payable based on 25% of the investment amount measured quarterly), compounded annually, and subject to increases in the event the Company declared any dividends. In connection with the investment by Carlyle, the Company issued to Carlyle a warrant to purchase 5,978,960 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $0.01 per share, of which, the purchase of 4,132,513 shares of the Company’s common stock was immediately exercisable. The Company accounted for the mandatorily redeemable investment from Carlyle in accordance with ASC 480 and recorded the investment as a liability, which was accreted to its redemption value under the effective interest method. The Company recorded the warrants as a discount to the liability.
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On July 17 and July 18, 2023, and in connection with obtaining consent for the Mergers, Legacy Complete Solaria, FACT and Carlyle entered into an Amended and Restated Consent to the Business Combination Agreement (“Carlyle Debt Modification Agreement”) and an amended and restated warrant agreement (“Carlyle Warrant Amendment”), which modified the terms of the mandatorily redeemable investment made by Carlyle in Legacy Complete Solaria. Refer to Note 8 – Capital Stock for a description of the Carlyle Warrant Amendment. The Carlyle Debt Modification Agreement accelerated the redemption date of the investment to March 31, 2024, subsequent to the modification. The acceleration of the redemption date of the investment resulted in the total redemption amount to be 1.3 times the principal at December 31, 2023. The redemption amount increased to 1.4 times the original investment as of March 31, 2024. At the date of the Exchange Agreement, the balance owed under this agreement was $37.2 million.
For the thirteen-week period ended June 30, 2024, the Company recorded accretion of the liability as related party interest expense of $1.3 million, and made no payments of interest expense. For the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the Company recorded accretion of the liability as related party interest expense of zero and $3.9 million, respectively, and made no payments of interest expense.
2018 bridge notes
The Company’s senior subordinated convertible secured notes originally issued in 2018 (“2018 Notes”) were settled as part of the Exchange Agreement.
Interest expense recognized on the 2018 Notes was zero and $0.4 million in the thirteen week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. Interest expense recognized on the 2018 Notes was zero and $0.7 million in the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, respectively.
Loan with related party
In October 2023, the Company entered into an Assignment Agreement whereby Structural Capital Investments III, LP assigned its revolving loan (“Revolving Loan”) due from the Company to Kline Hill and Rodgers Revocable Trust, a related party, for a total purchase price of $5.0 million. The Revolving Loan had an annual interest rate equal to the greater of 7.75% or Prime plus 4.5%. In connection with the Exchange Agreement in July 2024, $3.5 million of the Revolving Loan, plus accrued interest owed to Kline Hill, was exchanged for a portion of the July 2024 Notes. The principal balance of $1.5 million owing to the Rodgers Revocable Trust (plus accrued interest) remained outstanding as of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024. There are no financial covenants.
Interest expense recognized on the Revolving Loan was less than $0.1 million and $0.2 million in the thirteen week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. Interest expense recognized on the Revolving Loan was $0.1 million and $0.4 million in the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, respectively.
Of the total interest expense recognized on the Revolving Loan, related party interest expense recognized was less than $0.1 million in each of the thirteen week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, and $0.1 million in each of the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024.
Secured credit facility
The Company had a secured credit facility agreement (“Secured Credit Facility”) with Kline Hill to borrow up to 70% of the net amount of its eligible vendor purchase orders. The repayment terms under the Secured Credit Facility were (i) the borrowed amount multiplied by 1.15x if repaid within 75 days and (ii) the borrowed amount multiplied by 1.175x if repaid after 75 days. At the date of the Exchange Agreement, the balance owed under this secured credit agreement was $13.1 million.
Interest expense recognized was zero and $0.4million in the thirteen week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, respectively. Interest expense recognized was zero and $1.0million in the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.
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(10) SAFE Agreements
First SAFE
On January 31, 2024, the Company entered into a Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“SAFE”) (the “First SAFE”) with the Rodgers Massey Freedom and Free Markets Charitable Trust (the “Purchaser”), a related party, affiliated with Thurman J. Rodgers, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and a director, in connection with the Purchaser investing $1.5 million in the Company. The First SAFE did not accrue interest. The First SAFE was initially convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, upon the closing of a bona fide transaction or series of transactions with the principal purpose of raising capital, pursuant to which the Company would have issued and sold shares of its common stock at a fixed valuation (an “Equity Financing”), at a per share conversion price which was equal to the lower of (i) (a) $53.54 million divided by (b) the Company’s capitalization immediately prior to such Equity Financing (such conversion price, the “SAFE Price”), and (ii) 80% of the price per share of its common stock sold in the Equity Financing. If the Company consummated a change of control prior to the termination of the First SAFE, the Purchaser would have been automatically entitled to receive a portion of the proceeds of such liquidity event equal to the greater of (i) $1.5 million and (ii) the amount payable on the number of shares of common stock equal to (a) $1.5 million divided by (b)(1) $53.54 million divided by (2) the Company’s capitalization immediately prior to such liquidity event (the “Liquidity Price”), subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the First SAFE. The First SAFE was convertible into a maximum of 1,431,297 shares of the Company’s common stock, assuming a per share conversion price of $1.05, which is the product of (i) $1.31, the closing price per share of the Company’s common stock on January 31, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%.
On April 21, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment (“First SAFE Amendment”) that converted the First SAFE investment of $1.5 million into 4,166,667 shares of the Company’s common stock based on a conversion price of $0.36 per share, defined in the First SAFE Amendment as the product of (i) $0.45, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on April 19, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%. Upon conversion, the Company recorded a debit to the First SAFE Agreement of $1.5 million, a credit to Additional paid-in-capital of $1.9 million and recognized expense of $0.4 million within Other (expense) income, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations in the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 30, 2024.
Second SAFE
On February 15, 2024, the Company entered into a second SAFE (the “Second SAFE”) with the Purchaser, in connection with the Purchaser investing $3.5 million in the Company. The Second SAFE did not accrue interest. The Second SAFE was initially convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock upon the initial closing of an Equity Financing transaction at a per share conversion price which was equal to the lower of (i) the Second SAFE Price, and (ii) 80% of the price per share of the Company’s common stock sold in an Equity Financing transaction. If the Company consummated a change of control prior to the termination of the Second SAFE, the Purchaser would have been automatically entitled to receive an amount equal to the greater of (i) $3.5 million and (ii) the amount payable on the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to $3.5 million divided by the Liquidity Price, subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the Second SAFE. The Second SAFE was convertible into a maximum of 3,707,627 shares of the Company’s common stock, assuming a per share conversion price of $0.94, which is the product of (i) $1.18, the closing per share price of its common stock on February 15, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%.
On April 21, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment (“Second SAFE Amendment”) that converted the Second SAFE investment of $3.5 million into 9,722,222 shares of the Company’s common stock based on a conversion price of $0.36 per share, defined in the Second SAFE Amendment as the product of (i) $0.45, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on April 19, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%. Upon conversion, the Company recorded a debit to the Second SAFE Agreement of $3.5 million, a credit to Additional paid-in-capital of $4.4 million and recognized expense of $0.9 million within Other (expense) income, net in its unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 30, 2024.
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Third SAFE
On May 13, 2024, the Company entered into a third SAFE (the “Third SAFE”) with the Purchaser, in connection with the Purchaser investing $1.0 million in the Company. The Third SAFE is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock upon the initial closing of a bona fide transaction or series of transactions with the principal purpose of raising capital, pursuant to which the Company issues and sells shares of its common stock in an Equity Financing transaction, at a per share conversion price which is equal to 50% of the price per share of the Company’s common stock sold in an Equity Financing. If the Company consummates a change of control prior to the termination of the Third SAFE, the Purchaser will be automatically entitled to receive a portion of the proceeds of such liquidity event equal to $1.0 million, subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the Third SAFE. The Third SAFE is convertible into a maximum of 2,750,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, assuming a per share conversion price of $0.275, which is the product of (i) $0.55, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on May 13, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 50%. Given that the Third SAFE may be settled in cash or a variable number of shares, the Company has accounted for the instrument as a liability at its fair value.
The estimated fair value of the Third SAFE was $0.4 million and $0.4 million as of June 29, 2025 and December 29, 2024, based upon the assumptions disclosed in Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements.
The change in the fair value of the Third SAFE is recorded within Other (expense) income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The change in the fair value of the Third SAFE was expense of less than $0.1 million and zero in the thirteen week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. The change in the fair value of the Third SAFE was expense of less than $0.1 million and zero in the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.
(11) Stock-Based Compensation
In July 2023, the Company’s board of directors adopted and stockholders approved the 2023 Incentive Equity Plan (the “2023 Plan”). The 2023 Plan became effective immediately upon the closing of the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement. Initially, a maximum number of 8,763,322 shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock may be issued under the 2023 Plan. In addition, the number of shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2023 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, starting on January 1, 2024 and ending on January 1, 2033, in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) 4% of the total number of shares of Complete Solaria’s Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding year, or (2) a lesser number of shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock determined by Complete Solaria’s Board prior to the date of the increase. The maximum number of shares of Complete Solaria Common Stock that may be issued on the exercise of incentive stock options (“ISOs”) under the 2023 Plan is three times the number of shares available for issuance upon the 2023 Plan becoming effective (or 26,289,966 shares).
Historically, awards were granted under the Amended and Restated Complete Solaria Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2022 Plan”), the Complete Solar 2011 Stock Plan (“2011 Plan”), the Solaria Corporation 2016 Stock Plan (“2016 Plan”) and the Solaria Corporation 2006 Stock Plan (“2006 Plan”) (together with the Complete Solaria, Inc. 2023 Incentive Equity Plan (“2023 Plan”), “the Plans”).
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Under the Plans, the Company has granted service-based stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”). Compensation expense for stock options under the Company’s cliff vesting schedule is generally recognized equally over the vesting period of five years. RSUs granted during the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024 are also recognized equally over the vesting period of five years.
The information below summarizes the stock option activity under the Plans.
The information below summarizes the RSU activity.
Stock-based compensation expense
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense and its allocation within the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss (in thousands):
As of June 29, 2025, unrecognized stock-based compensation costs related to service-based options and RSUs was $1.7 million and $3.6 million respectively, and such compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.0 years and 4.8 years, respectively.
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(12) Commitments and Contingencies
Warranty provision
Activity by period relating to the Company’s warranty provision was as follows (in thousands):
Indemnification agreements
From time to time, in its normal course of business, the Company may indemnify other parties, with which it enters into contractual relationships, including customers, lessors, and parties to other transactions with the Company. The Company may agree to hold other parties harmless against specific losses, such as those that could arise from breach of representation, covenant or third-party infringement claims. It may not be possible to determine the maximum potential amount of liability under such indemnification agreements due to the unique facts and circumstances that are likely to be involved in each particular claim and indemnification provision. Historically, there have been no such indemnification claims. In the opinion of management, any liabilities resulting from these agreements would not have a material adverse effect on the business, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company.
Settlement of dispute with SunPower Bankruptcy Estate
Following the consummation of the acquisition of certain assets and assumption of certain liabilities of SunPower on September 30, 2024, certain matters pertaining to the acquisition were under dispute which included 1) amounts owed to and from the buyer and seller with respect to amounts in escrow related to the consideration transferred, 2) the right to the cash acquired in the acquisition, and 3) the right for the Company to sell and collect for certain solar systems that were acquired as a part of the acquisition that were sold or are to be sold to homebuilders within the New Homes Business. On June 25, 2025, all matters under dispute were resolved by the Company and the Sunpower Bankruptcy Estate. Matters 1) and 2) were resolved such that no amounts will be paid (or received) by the Company. Matter 3) was resolved such that the Company has the right to sell the related inventory acquired and collect the underlying sales price for the sale of the solar system. In connection with each system sold, the Company is required to remit a portion of the sales price to the Bankruptcy Estate. The impact of the related settlement is not anticipated to be material.
Legal matters
The Company is a party to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company records a liability when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If the Company determines that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the reasonably possible loss. The Company adjusts its accruals to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Legal costs are expensed as incurred. Although claims are inherently unpredictable, the Company is not aware of any matters that may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The Company has a loss contingency for legal settlements of $8.1 million and $7.7 million recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets at each of June 29, 2025 and December 29, 2024.
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SolarPark litigation
In January 2023, SolarPark Korea Co., LTD (“SolarPark”) demanded approximately $80.0 million during discussions between the Company and SolarPark. In February 2023, the Company submitted its statement of claim seeking approximately $26.4 million in damages against SolarPark. The ultimate outcome of this arbitration is currently unknown and could result in a material liability to the Company. However, the Company believes that the allegations lack merit and intends to vigorously defend all claims asserted. No liability has been recorded in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as the likelihood of a loss is not probable at this time.
On March 16, 2023, SolarPark filed a complaint against Solaria and the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (“the court”). The complaint alleges a civil conspiracy involving misappropriation of trade secrets, defamation, tortious interference with contractual relations, inducement to breach of contract, and violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law. The complaint indicates that SolarPark has suffered in excess of $220.0 million in damages.
On May 11, 2023, SolarPark filed a motion for preliminary injunction to seek an order restraining the Company from using or disclosing SolarPark’s trade secrets, making or selling shingled modules other than those produced by SolarPark, and from soliciting solar module manufacturers to produce shingled modules using Solaria’s shingled patents. On May 18, 2023, the Company responded by filing a motion for partial dismissal and stay. On June 1, 2023, SolarPark filed an opposition to the Company’s motion for dismissal and stay and a reply in support of their motion for preliminary injunction. On June 8, 2023, the Company replied in support of its motion for partial dismissal and stay. On July 11, 2023, the court conducted a hearing to consider SolarPark’s and the Company’s respective motions. On August 3, 2023, the court issued a ruling, which granted the preliminary injunction motion with respect to any purported misappropriation of SolarPark’s trade secrets. The court’s ruling does not prohibit the Company from producing shingled modules or from utilizing its own patents for the manufacture of shingled modules. The court denied SolarPark’s motion seeking a defamation injunction. The court denied the Company’s motion to dismiss and granted the Company’s motion to stay the entire litigation pending the arbitration in Singapore. On September 1, 2023, the Company filed a Limited Notice of Appeal to appeal the August 2023 order granting SolarPark’s motion for preliminary injunction. On September 26, 2023, Solaria filed a Notice of Withdrawal of Appeal and will not appeal the Court’s Preliminary Injunction Order. Between August 2023 and March 2024, the parties were engaged in discovery negotiations and the Company produced documents to SolarPark. The Company produced its last set of documents on March 14, 2024. Since then, SolarPark has been reviewing the documents, and the case has remained stayed.
No liability has been recorded in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as the likelihood of a loss is not probable at this time.
Siemens litigation
On July 22, 2021, Siemens Government Technologies, Inc. (“Siemens Government Technologies”) filed a lawsuit against Solaria Corporation in Fairfax Circuit Court (the “Court”) in Fairfax, Virginia. On July 27, 2023, Siemens Government Technologies moved to amend the complaint to add Siemens Industry Inc. as a co-plaintiff. This motion was granted on August 25, 2023. On October 23, 2023, Siemens Government Technologies and Siemens Industry Inc. (collectively, “Siemens”) and Solaria Corporation stipulated to add Solar CA, LLC as a co-defendant. Solaria Corporation and Solar CA, LLC (collectively, the “Subsidiaries”) are both wholly-owned subsidiaries of Complete Solaria, Inc. In the lawsuit, Siemens alleged that the Subsidiaries breached express and implied warranties under a purchase order that Siemens placed with the Subsidiaries for a solar module system. Siemens claimed damages of approximately $6.9 million, inclusive of amounts of the Subsidiaries’ indemnity obligations to Siemens, plus attorneys’ fees.
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On February 22, 2024, the Court issued an order against the Subsidiaries which awarded Siemens approximately $6.9 million, inclusive of the amounts of the Subsidiaries’ indemnity obligations to Siemens, plus attorneys’ fees, the amount of which would be determined at a later hearing. On March 15, 2024, Siemens filed a motion seeking to recover $2.67 million for attorneys’ fees, expenses, and pre-and post-judgment interest. The Company opposed Siemens’ motion for attorneys’ fees, expenses, and pre- and post-judgment interest on April 5, 2024. On June 17, 2024, the Court entered a final order which awarded Siemens a total of $2.0 million in attorneys’ fees and costs. The Company has appealed these judgments.
In addition to the above, on August 19, 2024, Siemens applied for the enforcement to a sister state judgment in the Superior Court of Alameda, California and the court entered a judgement in favor of Siemens. On December 9, 2024, Siemens moved to amend the judgment to add Complete Solaria, Inc. as a judgement debtor. The subsidiaries opposed the Siemens motion. On June 30, 2025, the California court found that Complete Solaria, Inc. should be added as a Judgment Debtor party in California. The Company plans to appeal the California court’s decision. IN addition, the parties argued the appeal the of the underlying Virginia litigation on July 24, 2025. There is no projected date for the appellate court’s decision at this time.
The Company recognized $6.9 million as a legal loss related to this litigation in 2023 which amount is included in the $7.7 million legal settlements disclosed above.
The Company recorded an additional expense of $2.0 million within discontinued operations in its unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive (loss) in the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2024, for attorneys’ fees, expenses, and pre-judgment interest, and this liability was recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 29, 2025, and December 29, 2024.
Letters of credit
The Company had $3.5 million of outstanding letters of credit related to normal business transactions as of June 29, 2025 and December 29, 2024. These agreements require the Company to maintain specified amounts of cash as collateral in segregated accounts to support the letters of credit issued thereunder. As discussed in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the cash collateral in these restricted cash accounts was $3.8 million at each of June 29, 2025 and December 29, 2024.
(13) Income Taxes
As a result of the Company’s history of net operating losses, the Company has provided for a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. For the thirteen week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company recognized income tax expense of zero and ten thousand dollars, respectively. For the twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company recognized income tax expense of zero and eleven thousand dollars, respectively.
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(14) Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
The Company uses the two-class method to calculate net loss per share. No dividends were declared or paid in the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024.
The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024 (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):
(0.18
The computation of basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is inclusive of warrants with an insignificant exercise price. The Company’s calculation of the weighted average shares outstanding is inclusive of 236,196 warrants with an insignificant exercise price (which assumes that the warrants were outstanding as of the beginning of the period or the date of the grant, whichever is earlier) for each of the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, respectively. The computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is inclusive of the impact of the Company’s FPAs (which were dilutive) using the if-converted method for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025. The computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is also inclusive of the impact of the Company’s dilutive stock options, RSUs, and warrants as calculated using the treasury stock method for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025.
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The following table presents the potential common shares outstanding that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share of common stock as of the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive:
(15) Segment Information
The segment information is presented on a basis that is consistent with the Company’s internal management reporting. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM manages the Company and reports financial results based on two reportable segments which are the same as The Company’s operating segments. The CODM evaluates the performance of these reportable segments and allocates resources to make operating decisions based on certain financial information, including segmented internal income/(loss) prepared on a basis consistent with U.S. GAAP. The measurement criteria is based on their operating revenue and operating income (loss) and excluding any corporate costs which are not allocatable to the operating segments. The CODM’s measurement criteria does not include segment assets. During the periods presented, the Company reported its financial performance through the following two reportable segments; Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business.
Residential Solar Installation. This segment performs solar system, storage and battery installations for residential homeowners.
New Homes Business. This segment is new in the thirteen week period ended March 30, 2025, as a result of the SunPower Acquisition which occurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024. The Company developed a method to allocate direct expenses for the respective reportable segments. This segment performs solar system installations for new home builders.
Total
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Assets by segment are as follows (in thousands):
(16) Related Party Transactions
Refer to the following notes to the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for details regarding the related party transactions entered into by the Company; Note 1(a) – Description of Business; Note 2(h) – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Changes in related parties; Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements; Note 6 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities; Note 7 – Other (Expense) Income, Net; Note 8 – Capital Stock; Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities, Note 10 – SAFE Agreements; and Note 17 – Subsequent Events. All other related party transactions are described herein.
The Company determined that SameDay Solar became a related party in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 with which the Company does business. Revenue and commission expense with SameDay Solar were $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the thirteen and twenty-six week periods ended June 29, 2025, respectively.
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(17) Subsequent Events
One Big Beautiful Bill Act
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted on July 4, 2025. The OBBBA contains significant changes to corporate taxation, including accelerated deductions for capital expenditures, expensing of research and development costs incurred in the US, and increased deductibility of interest expense The Company is currently evaluating the impact of OBBBA.
Issuance of 12% convertible senior unsecured convertible note to related party
On July 10, 2025, the Company issued a convertible promissory note (the “July 2025 Note”) to the Rodgers Revocable Trust in exchange for $5.0 million proceeds received by the Company in the period ended June 29, 2025. Upon issuance, these July 2025 Note had a fair value of $5.9 million.
The July 2025 Note bears a 12% interest rate. The July 2025 Note is a general unsecured obligation of the Company and will mature on July 1, 2029, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. Interest on the July 2025 Note will accrue at a rate of 12.00% per year from July 1, 2024 and will be payable semiannually in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2026. The July 2025 Note is convertible at the option of the holder at any time prior to the payment of the payment of the principal amount of the July 2025 Note in full. Upon conversion of the July 2025 Note, the Company will satisfy its conversion obligation by delivering shares of common stock and paying cash in respect of any fractional shares. The conversion rate of the July 2025 Note is initially equal to 558.6592 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount due under the July 2025 Note. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment from time to time pursuant to the terms of the July 2025 Note.
Amendments to FPAs
On July 15, 2025, the Company and Meteora Special Opportunity Fund I, LP (“MSOF”), Meteora Capital Partners, LP (“MCP”) and Meteora Select Trading Opportunities Master, LP (“MSTO”) (with MSOF, MCP, and MSTO collectively as “Meteora”) entered into an amendment to the FPA between Meteora and the Company, on July 16, 2025, the Company and Sandia Investment Management LP (“Sandia”) entered into an amendment to the FPA between Sandia and the Company, and on August 1, 2025, the Company and Polar entered in an amendment to the FPA between the Company and Polar (collectively, the “FPA Amendments”).
The FPA Amendments extend the valuation date applicable to the Forward Purchase Agreements (the “Valuation Date”) to the earliest to occur of (a) July 17, 2026, (b) the date specified by Meteora or Sandia, as applicable, in a written notice to be delivered to the Company at their discretion and (c) 90 days after delivery by the Company of a written notice in the event that for any 20 trading days during a 30 consecutive trading day-period that occurs at least six months after the closing date of the transactions under the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement entered into on May 26, 2023, the applicable volume-weighted average price (“VWAP Price”) is less than the then applicable reset price, provided that a registration statement was effective and available for the entire measurement period and remains continuously effective and available during the entire 90 day notice period.
The FPA Amendments further amend the definition of “Settlement Amount Adjustment” to provide that if the expected Settlement Amount (as defined in the FPA Amendments) determined by the VWAP Price over the 15 scheduled trading days ending on but excluding the valuation date exceeds the Settlement Amount Adjustment, then the Settlement Amount Adjustment shall be deemed to be zero, and that if the Settlement Amount Adjustment exceeds the Settlement Amount, then the Settlement Amount Adjustment shall be paid, at the Company’s option, in cash or shares of the Company’s common stock.
The FPA Amendments also amend the definition of “Cash Settlement Payment Date” to provide that if the Settlement Amount Adjustment exceeds the Settlement Amount, the Company shall remit to the applicable seller the difference between (i) the Settlement Amount Adjustment and (ii) the Settlement Amount. The FPA Amendments further provide that the Settlement Amount will be used solely as a calculation mechanism to determine any liability the Company may owe to the applicable seller via the Settlement Amount Adjustment, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the applicable seller shall not be required to remit the Settlement Amount to the Company or return any portion of the Prepayment Amount.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2025, and related management’s discussion and analysis in Item 7 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed below. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those identified below and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Please also see the section titled “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Overview
Complete Solaria was formed in November 2022 through the merger of Complete Solar and The Solaria Corporation. Founded in 2010, Complete Solar created a technology platform to offer clean energy products to homeowners by enabling a national network of sales partners and build partners. Our sales partners generate solar installation contracts with homeowners on our behalf. To facilitate this process, we provide the software tools, sales support and brand identity to our sales partners, making them competitive with national providers. This turnkey solution makes it easy for anyone to sell solar. On September 30, 2024, upon approval by the Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, we completed the acquisition of certain assets relating to the Blue Raven Solar Business, New Homes Business and non-Installing Dealer network previously operated by SunPower Debtors.
We fulfill our customer contracts by using in-house installation experts and by engaging with local construction specialists. We manage the customer experience and complete all pre-construction activities prior to delivering build-ready projects including hardware, engineering plans, and building permits to our builder partners. We manage and coordinate this process through our proprietary software system.
As further discussed below and above (Note 15 – Segment Information), we have two reportable segments: Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business.
There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared assuming the Company will continue to operate as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. They do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from uncertainty related to its ability to continue as a going concern.
Growth strategy and outlook
Our growth strategy contains the following elements:
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Mergers
We entered into an Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement with FACT, First Merger Sub, Second Merger Sub, and Solaria on October 3, 2022. The Merger was consummated on July 18, 2023. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Merger, (i) First Merger Sub merged with and into Complete Solaria with Complete Solaria surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of FACT (the “First Merger”), (ii) immediately thereafter and as part of the same overall transaction, Complete Solaria merged with and into Second Merger Sub, with Second Merger Sub surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of FACT (the “Second Merger”), and FACT changed its name to “Complete Solaria, Inc.” and Second Merger Sub changed its name to “CS, LLC” and (iii) immediately after the consummation of the Second Merger and as part of the same overall transaction, Solaria merged with and into a newly formed Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of FACT and changed its name to “The SolarCA LLC” (“Third Merger Sub”), with Third Merger Sub surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of FACT (the “Additional Merger”, and together with the First Merger and the Second Merger, the “Mergers”).
The Mergers between Complete Solaria and FACT has been accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Under this method of accounting, FACT was treated as the acquired company for financial statement reporting purposes. This determination was primarily based on the Company having a majority of the voting power of the post-combination company, the Company’s senior management comprising substantially all of the senior management of the post-combination company, and the Company’s operations comprising the ongoing operations of the post-combination company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Mergers have been treated as the equivalent of a capital transaction in which Complete Solaria is issuing stock for the net assets of FACT. The net assets of FACT have been stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.
Disposal transaction
In October 2023, we completed the divestiture of our solar panel business to Maxeon (“Divestiture”), pursuant to the terms of a disposal agreement (“Disposal Agreement”). Under the terms of the Disposal Agreement, Maxeon agreed to acquire certain assets and employees of Complete Solaria, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $11.0 million consisting of 1,100,000 shares of Maxeon ordinary shares. We determined that the criteria were met for discontinued operations classification as the divestiture represented a strategic shift in our business. In connection with the Divestiture, we recognized a loss from discontinued operations of $2.0 million and $173.4 million in the fiscal years ended December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. We also sold all the Maxeon shares in the year ended December 31, 2023, and recorded a $4.2 million loss on the sale of these shares in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Below we have discussed our historical results of operations, which excludes our product revenues and related metrics, as all results of operations associated with the solar panel business have been presented as discontinued operations, unless otherwise noted.
SunPower acquisition transaction
On August 5, 2024, we entered into the asset purchase agreement among us and the SunPower Debtors which provided for the sale and purchase of certain assets relating to the Blue Raven Solar business, New Homes Business and Non-Installing Dealer network previously operated by the SunPower Debtors (the “Acquired SunPower Assets”). The sale by SunPower was approved on September 23, 2024, by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. We completed the acquisition (“Acquisition”) of the Acquired SunPower Assets (“SunPower Businesses”) effective September 30, 2024.
We financed the Acquisition by issuing 7% convertible senior notes (“September 2024 Notes”) in September 2024, which are due in 2029. The September 2024 Notes mature on July 1, 2029 and are convertible into shares of our common stock at the option of the holder at a conversion rate of $2.14 per share. The September 2024 Notes will become immediately due and payable at the option of the holder in the event of default and upon a qualifying change of control event.
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Key financial definitions/components of results of operations
Revenues
Revenue is recognized for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business when a customer obtains control of promised products and services and we have satisfied our performance obligations which is the date by which substantially all of our design and installation is complete for a fully functioning solar power system to interconnect to the local power grid.
Installation includes the design of a solar energy system, the delivery of the components of the solar energy system (i.e., photovoltaic system, inverter, battery storage, etc.), installation services and services facilitating the connection of the solar energy system to the power grid. We account for these services as inputs to a combined output, resulting in a single service-based performance obligation.
The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for the products and services. To achieve this core principle, we apply the following five steps:
Step 1. Identification of the contract(s) with a customer;
Step 2. Identification of the performance obligations in the contracts(s);
Step 3. Determination of the transaction price;
Step 4. Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations;
Step 5. Recognition of the revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation.
Our Residential Solar Installation segment sells products through a network of installing and non-installing dealers and resellers, as well as our internal sales team. Our contracts with customers include three primary contract types:
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Our New Homes Business segment sells through a network of home builders as well as our internal sales team. Our contracts with customers include two primary contract types:
Our performance obligation for both reportable segments is to design and install a fully functioning solar energy system. For all contract types (with the exception of New Homes Business Lease agreements), we recognize revenue over time. Our over-time revenue recognition begins when the solar power system is fully installed (as it is at this point that control of the asset begins to be transferred to the customer and the customer retains the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the solar power system). We recognize revenue using the input method based on direct costs to install the system and defer the costs of installation until such time that control of the asset transfers to the customer (installation). For New Homes Business Lease agreements, we consider the performance obligation to be satisfied at a point in time upon acceptance of the system by the customer.
Revenue is generally recognized at the transaction price contained within the agreement, net of costs of financing, or other consideration paid to the customers that is not in exchange for a distinct good or service. Our arrangements may contain clauses that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. Variable consideration is estimated at each measurement date at its most likely amount to the extent that it is probably that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and true-ups are applied prospectively as such estimates change.
We record deferred revenue for amounts invoiced that are received in advance of the provisioning of services. In certain contracts with customers, we arrange for a third-party financing partner to provide financing to the customer. We collect upfront from the financing partner and the customer will provide installment payments to the financing partner. We record revenue in the amount received from the financing partner, net of any financing fees charged to the homeowner, which we consider to be a customer incentive. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component.
Our costs to obtain and fulfill contracts, when recognized, associated with systems sales are expensed as sales commission and cost of revenue, respectively. In addition, incentives we provide to our customers, such as discounts and rebates, are recorded net to the revenue we have recognized on the solar power system.
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Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of cost of material, internal labor costs, third-party subcontractors, design services, engineering personnel and employee-related expenses associated with permitting services, associated warranty costs, freight and delivery costs, depreciation, and amortization of internally developed software. Cost of revenues from these services is recognized when we transfer control of the product to the customer, which is generally upon installation.
Operating expenses
Sales commissions
Sales commissions are direct and incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts. These costs are paid to internal sales teams and third-party vendors who source residential customer contracts for the sale of solar energy systems.
Sales and marketing
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of personnel related costs, including salaries and employee benefits, stock-based compensation, and other promotional and advertising expenses. We expense certain sales and marketing, including promotional expenses, as incurred.
General and administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel and related expenses for employees, in our finance, research, engineering, and administrative teams including salaries, bonuses, payroll taxes, and stock-based compensation. It also consists of legal, consulting, and professional fees, rent expenses pertaining to our offices, business insurance costs and other costs.
Interest expense
Interest expense primarily relates to interest expense on the issuance of debt and convertible notes and the amortization of debt issuance costs.
Other (expense) income, net
Other (expense) income, net consists of changes in the fair value of our derivative liabilities in connection with our convertible notes and changes in the fair value of common stock warrant liabilities, forward purchase agreements, and SAFE Agreements.
Income tax expense
Income tax expense primarily consists of income taxes in certain jurisdictions in which we conduct business.
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Supply chain constraints and risk
We rely on a small number of suppliers of solar energy systems and other equipment. If any of our suppliers was unable or unwilling to provide us with contracted quantities in a timely manner at prices, quality levels and volumes acceptable to us, we would have very limited alternatives for supply, and we may not be able find suitable replacements for our customers, or at all. Such an event could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
The global supply chain and our industry have experienced significant disruptions in recent periods. We have seen supply chain challenges and logistics constraints increase, including shortages of panels, inverters, batteries and associated component parts for inverters and solar energy systems available for purchase, which materially impacted our results of operations. These shortages and delays can be attributed in part to the broader macroeconomic conditions and have been exacerbated by the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Israel. If any of our suppliers of solar modules experienced disruptions in the supply of the modules’ component parts, for example semiconductor solar wafers or inverters, this may decrease production capabilities and restrict our inventory and sales. In addition, we have experienced and are experiencing varying levels of volatility in costs of equipment and labor resulting in part from disruptions caused by general global economic conditions. While inflationary pressures have resulted in higher costs of products, in part due to an increase in the cost of the materials and wage rates, these additional costs have been offset by the related rise in electricity rates.
We cannot predict the full effects the supply chain constraints will have on our business, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations at this time due to numerous uncertainties. Given the dynamic nature of these circumstances on our ongoing business, results of operations and overall financial performance, the full impact of macroeconomic factors, including the conflicts in Ukraine and Israel, cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. In the event we are unable to mitigate the impact of delays or price volatility in solar energy systems, raw materials, and freight, it could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. For additional information on risk factors that could impact our results, please refer to “Risk Factors” located included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Critical accounting policies and estimates
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Estimates” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024 for accounting policies and related estimates we believe are the most critical to understanding our consolidated financial statements, financial condition and results of operations and which require complex management judgment and assumptions, or involve uncertainties. These critical accounting estimates include revenue recognition, accounting and accounting for business combinations. There have been no changes to our critical accounting estimates or their application since the date of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024.
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Results of operations
We have derived the following data from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This information should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The results of historical periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any future period.
Thirteen-weeks ended June 29, 2025 compared to the thirteen-weeks ended June 30, 2024
The following table sets forth our unaudited statements of operations from continuing operations for the thirteen weeks ended June 29, 2025, and the thirteen weeks ended June 30, 2024.
Includes expense of $1.6 million on the change in the fair value of derivative liabilities with related parties in the thirteen weeks ended June 29, 2025. Refer to Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities for details.
Other (expense) income, net includes related party transactions of $1.0 million of income due to the change in the fair value of a forward purchase agreement, $1.3 million loss on the conversion of SAFE Agreements and $3.6 million loss due to the change in the fair value of Carlyle warrants in the thirteen week period ended June 30, 2024.
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We disaggregate our revenues based on the following types of services (in thousands):
The revenue increase is primarily attributed to the acquisition of SunPower assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024. As a result, installations increased compared to the same period in the prior year by approximately 977 and 1,502 for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business reportable segments, respectively.
Cost of revenues increased attributed to the acquisition of the SunPower assets as installations increased the over the same period in the prior year period by approximately 977 and 1,502 for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business reportable segments, respectively.
Gross margin
Gross margin for the thirteen weeks ended June 29, 2025 was 43% compared to a negative gross margin of 20% for the thirteen weeks ended June 30, 2024.
Sales commissions for the Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business reportable segments increased due to the increase in revenue arising from the acquisition of the SunPower assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024.
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Sales and marketing expenses in the Residential Solar Installation reportable segment increased due to the acquisition of SunPower assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024.
General and administrative expenses for the Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business reportable segments increased due to the acquisition of the SunPower assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024.
Interest expense inclusive of amortization of debt issuance costs was $7.7 million in the thirteen-weeks ended June 29, 2025. Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs primarily consisted of $2.4 million attributable to the July 2024 Notes and $5.1 million attributable to the September 2024 Notes, with the remainder attributable to interest expense on our $1.5 million principal obligation owed to T. J Rodgers and finance lease interest expense. The July 2024 Notes and September 2024 Notes were issued in fiscal 2024 and replaced our then existing debt.
Interest expense was $2.3 million in the thirteen weeks ended June 30, 2024, and consisted of $1.3 million of interest expense relating to our obligation to Carlyle, $0.4 million relating to our secured credit line, $0.4 million related to our 2018 Bridge Loan and $0.2 million attributable to the $5.0 million revolver balance. Except for $1.5 million of the revolver balance, these obligations were fully settled in the Exchange Agreement that we entered into in July 2024.
Other (expense) income net, for the thirteen weeks ended June 29, 2025, was $12.0 million. The main drivers consist of $11.5 million expense due to the remeasurement of the fair value of derivative liabilities associated with our July 2024 Notes and September 2024 Notes and $2.0 million of expense associated with the change in the fair value of our public, private placement and working capital warrants which are accounted for as liabilities. These expenses were partially offset by $1.3 million of income arising from the change in the fair value of our forward purchase agreements and other income.
Other (expense) income, net in the thirteen-weeks ended June 30, 2024 was expense of $2.1 million and was comprised of $3.3 million of expense arising from changes in the fair value of warrants issued for our common stock, $1.3 million loss incurred on the conversion of two SAFE Agreements to shares of our common stock and $0.3 million of other costs, partially offset by $2.8 million of income relating to changes in the fair value of our forward purchase agreements.
Net loss from continuing operations
As a result of the factors discussed above, our net loss from continuing operations for the thirteen-weeks ended June 29, 2025 was $22.4 million, a $8.5 million increase in our net loss as compared to a net loss from continuing operations of $13.9 million for the thirteen weeks ended June 30, 2024.
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Twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 compared to the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024
The following table sets forth our unaudited statements of operations from continuing operations for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025, and the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024.
Other (expense) income, net(3)
Includes a gain of $2.1 million on the change in the fair value of derivative liabilities with related parties in the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025. Refer to Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities for details.
Also includes $0.1 million of other income, net due to a change in the fair value of a forward purchase agreement with a related party in the twenty-six week period ended June 29, 2025.
Includes related party transactions of $1.0 million loss due to a change in the fair value of forward purchase agreements, $1.3 million loss on the conversion of SAFE Agreements and $2.9 million gain due to the change in the fair value of Carlyle warrants in the twenty six week period ended June 30, 2024.
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The increase in revenue is primarily attributed to the acquisition of the SunPower assets. As a result, installations increased compared to the same period in the prior year by 1,777 and 4,102 for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business reportable segments, respectively.
Cost of revenues increased primarily attributed to the acquisition of the SunPower assets. As a result, installations increased compared to the same period in the prior year by approximately 1,777 and 4,102 for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business reportable segments, respectively.
Gross margin for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 was 41% compared to a gross margin of 10% for the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024.
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Interest expense inclusive of amortization of debt issuance costs was $15.1 million in the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025. Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs primarily consisted of $4.7 million attributable to the July 2024 Notes and $10.2 million attributable to the September 2024 Notes, with the remainder attributable to interest expense on our $1.5 million principal obligation owed to T. J Rodgers and finance lease interest expense.
Interest expense was $5.9 million in the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024, and consisted of $3.9 million of interest expense relating to our obligation to Carlyle, $1.0 million relating to our secured credit line, $0.7 million related to our 2018 Bridge Loan and $0.3 million attributable to the $5.0 million revolver balance.
Other (expense) income net, for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025, was income of $2.5 million. The main drivers consisted of $3.7 million of gain on the remeasurement of the fair value of derivative liabilities associated with our July 2024 Notes and September 2024 Notes and $1.6 million of income arising from the change in the fair value of our forward purchase agreements partially offset by $3.0 million of expense associated with the change in the fair value of our public, private placement and working capital warrants which are accounted for as liabilities.
Other (expense) income, net in the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024 was expense of $0.6 million. We incurred expenses of $2.8 million relating to changes in the fair value of our forward purchase agreement and $1.3 million loss incurred on the conversion of two SAFE Agreements to shares of our common stock and $0.4 million of other expenses. These expenses were partially offset by $3.9 million of income arising from changes in the fair value of warrants issued for our common stock.
As a result of the factors discussed above, our net loss from continuing operations for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 was $14.3 million, a $9.2 million increase/decrease, as compared to a net loss from continuing operations of $23.5 million for the twenty-six week period ended June 30, 2024.
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Liquidity and capital resources
Since inception, we have incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations. We had a net loss from continuing operations of $14.3 million in the twenty-six week period ended June 29, 2025. As of June 29, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $425.7 million, total debt, including derivative liabilities of $152.9 million, and cash and cash equivalents (excluding restricted cash) of $11.1 million which was held for working capital expenditures. We believe our operating losses and negative operating cash flows will continue into the foreseeable future.
Our material cash requirements include cash required to fund our operations, to meet our working capital requirements and to fund our capital expenditures.
We have financed our operations primarily through sales of equity securities, debt, issuance of convertible notes, cash generated from operations and the proceeds from the Mergers. As a result of not timely filing our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, we are not currently eligible to use a registration statement on Form S-3 that would allow us to continuously incorporate by reference our SEC reports into the registration statement, to use “shelf” registration statements to conduct offerings, or to use our at-the-market offering facility until approximately one year from the date we have regained and maintained status as a current filer. Our inability to use Form S-3 may significantly impair our ability to raise necessary capital to fund our operations and execute our strategy. If we seek to access the capital markets through a registered offering during the period of time that we are unable to use Form S-3, we may be required to publicly disclose the proposed offering and the material terms thereof before the offering commences, we may experience delays in the offering process due to SEC review of a Form S-1 registration statement and we may incur increased offering and transaction costs and other considerations. If we are unable to raise capital through a registered offering, we would be required to conduct our equity financing transactions on a private placement basis, which may be subject to pricing, size and other limitations imposed under the Nasdaq rules, or seek other sources of capital. The foregoing limitations on our financing approaches could prevent us from pursuing transactions or implementing business strategies that would be beneficial to our business.
Our cash equivalents are on deposit with major financial institutions. Our cash position raises substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern for 12 months following the issuance of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
We will receive the proceeds from any cash exercise of warrants for shares of our common stock. The aggregate amount of proceeds could be up to $257.2 million if all the warrants are exercised for cash. However, to the extent the warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” the amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of those warrants will decrease. The Private Warrants and Working Capital Warrants, as so identified in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless basis.” The Public Warrants and the Merger Warrants may only be exercised for cash provided there is an effective registration statement registering the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of such warrants. If there is not a then-effective registration statement, then such warrants may be exercised on a “cashless basis,” pursuant to an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act. We expect to use any such proceeds for general corporate and working capital purposes, which would increase our liquidity. As of August 11, 2025, the price of our common stock was $1.55 per share. The weighted average exercise price of the warrants was $10.02 as of June 29, 2025. We believe the likelihood that warrant holders will exercise their warrants, and therefore the amount of cash proceeds that we would receive is dependent upon the market price of our common stock. If the market price for our common stock remains less than the exercise price, we believe warrant holders will be unlikely to exercise.
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Debt financings
12% unsecured convertible senior notes
In July 2024, we issued $46.0 million of senior unsecured convertible notes (“July 2024 Notes”) to various lenders in connection with the exchange agreement transactions summarized below. Of the July 2024 Notes, $18.0 million were issued in exchange for the cancellation of existing indebtedness, which amount included $10.0 million issued to CRSEF Solis Holdings, LLC and its affiliates (“Carlyle”), identified by us as a related party at the transaction date. During the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, Carlyle ceased to be a significant shareholder and therefore is no longer deemed a related party with the Company. The July 2024 Notes also include $18.0 million initially issued to a related party affiliated with the Company’s CEO, Rodgers Massey Revocable Living Trust (“Rodgers Revocable Trust”). The July 2024 Notes bear interest at 12% per annum and mature on July 1, 2029. The interest rate increases by 3% in the event of default. The July 2024 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock at the option of the holder at a conversion rate initially equal to 595.2381 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the July notes. The July 2024 Notes may be declared due and payable at the option of the holder upon an event of default and upon a qualifying change of control event.
7% unsecured convertible senior notes
In September 2024, we issued $66.8 million of senior unsecured convertible notes to various lenders (the “September 2024 Notes”), $8.0 million of which were issued to a related party. In December 2024, we issued additional September 2024 Notes for cash proceeds of $13.0 million, and we issued an additional $0.2 million of the September 2024 Notes in the thirteen week period ended March 30, 2025. The September 2024 Notes bear interest at 7% per annum and mature on July 1, 2029. The September 2024 Notes are initially convertible into 467.8363 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of September 2024 Notes. The September 2024 Notes may be declared due and payable at the option of the holder upon an event of default and upon a qualifying change of control event.
Loans with related party
We have a fixed principal balance of $1.5 million outstanding as of June 29, 2025, due to the Rodgers Revocable Trust, a related party. In the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, $5.0 million was deposited into our Company by the Rodgers Massey Revocable Trust, and on July 10, 2025, this $5.0 million deposit was converted into the July 2025 Note. See Note 17 – Subsequent Events, “Issuance of 12% convertible senior unsecured convertible note to related party”.
Forward purchase agreements
In July 2023, FACT and Legacy Complete Solaria, Inc. entered into FPAs with each of (i) Meteora Special Opportunity Fund I, LP (“MSOF”), Meteora Capital Partners, LP (“MCP”) and Meteora Select Trading Opportunities Master, LP (“MSTO”) (with MSOF, MCP, and MSTO collectively as “Meteora”); (ii) Sandia Investment Management LP (“Sandia”) , and (iii) Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund (“Polar”) (each individually, a “Seller”, and together, the “FPA Sellers”).
Pursuant to the terms of the FPAs, the FPA Sellers may purchase through a broker in the open market, from holders of Shares other than the Company or affiliates thereof, FACT’s ordinary shares, par value of $0.0001 per share, (the “Shares”). While the FPA Sellers have no obligation to purchase any Shares under the FPAs, the aggregate total Shares that may be purchased under the FPAs shall be no more than 6,720,000 in aggregate. The FPA Sellers may not beneficially own greater than 9.9% of issued and outstanding Shares following the Mergers as per the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement.
The key terms of the forward contracts are as follows:
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We entered into four separate FPAs, three of which, associated with the obligation to issue 6,300,000 Shares, were entered into prior to the closing of the Mergers. Upon signing the FPAs, we incurred an obligation to issue a fixed number of shares to the FPA Sellers contingent upon the closing of the Mergers in addition to the terms and conditions associated with the settlement of the FPAs.
On December 18, 2023, we and the FPA Sellers entered into separate amendments to the FPA (the “Amendments”). The Amendments lowered the reset floor price of each FPA from $5.00 to $3.00 and allow us to raise up to $10.0 million of equity from existing stockholders without triggering certain anti-dilution provisions contained in the FPA; provided, the insiders pay a price per share for their initial investment equal to the closing price per share as quoted on the Nasdaq on the day of purchase; provided, further, that any subsequent investments are made at a price per share equal to the greater of (a) the closing price per share as quoted by Nasdaq on the day of the purchase or (b) the amount paid in connection with the initial investment.
On May 7 and 8, 2024, respectively, we entered into and executed separate amendments to the FPAs (collectively the “Second Amendments”) with Sandia (the “Sandia Second Amendment”) and Polar (the “Polar Second Amendment”). The Second Amendments lowered the reset price of each FPA from $3.00 to $1.00 per share and amended the VWAP Trigger Event provision to read as “After December 31, 2024, an event that occurs if the VWAP Price, for any 20 trading days during a 30 consecutive trading day-period, is below $1.00 per Share”. The Sandia Second Amendment is not effective until we execute similar amendments with both Polar and Meteora.
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On June 14, 2024, we entered into and executed an amendment to the FPA with Sandia (the “Sandia Third Amendment”). The Sandia Third Amendment set the reset price of each FPA to $1.00 per share and amended the VWAP Trigger Event provision to read as “After December 31, 2024, an event that occurs if the VWAP Price, for any 20 trading days during a 30 consecutive trading day-period, is below $1.00 per Share.”
On July 17, 2024, we entered into an amendment to the FPA with Polar pursuant to which we and Polar agreed that Section 2 (Most Favored Nation) of the FPA is applicable to all 2,450,000 shares subject to the FPA.
On July 15, 2025, we and Meteora entered into an amendment to the FPA between Meteora and us, on July 16, 2025, we and Sandia entered into an amendment to the FPA between Sandia and us, and on August 1, 2025, we and Polar entered in an amendment to the FPA between Polar and us (collectively, the “FPA Amendments”).
The FPA Amendments extend the valuation date applicable to the Forward Purchase Agreements (the “Valuation Date”) to the earliest to occur of (a) July 17, 2026, (b) the date specified by Meteora or Sandia, as applicable, in a written notice to be delivered to the Company at their discretion and (c) 90 days after delivery by us of a written notice in the event that for any 20 trading days during a 30 consecutive trading day-period that occurs at least six months after the closing date of the transactions under the Amended and Restated Business Combination Agreement entered into on May 26, 2023, the applicable volume-weighted average price (“VWAP Price”) is less than the then applicable reset price, provided that a registration statement was effective and available for the entire measurement period and remains continuously effective and available during the entire 90 day notice period.
The FPA Amendments further amend the definition of “Settlement Amount Adjustment” to provide that if the expected Settlement Amount (as defined in the FPA Amendments) determined by the VWAP Price over the 15 scheduled trading days ending on but excluding the valuation date exceeds the Settlement Amount Adjustment, then the Settlement Amount Adjustment shall be deemed to be zero, and that if the Settlement Amount Adjustment exceeds the Settlement Amount, then the Settlement Amount Adjustment shall be paid, at our option, in cash or shares of the our common stock.
The FPA Amendments also amend the definition of “Cash Settlement Payment Date” to provide that if the Settlement Amount Adjustment exceeds the Settlement Amount, we shall remit to the applicable seller the difference between (i) the Settlement Amount Adjustment and (ii) the Settlement Amount. The FPA Amendments further provide that the Settlement Amount will be used solely as a calculation mechanism to determine any liability we may owe to the applicable seller via the Settlement Amount Adjustment, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the applicable seller shall not be required to remit the Settlement Amount to us or return any portion of the Prepayment Amount.
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Simple agreement for future equity (“SAFE”) agreements
On January 31, 2024, we entered into a SAFE (“First SAFE”) with the Rodgers Massey Freedom and Free Markets Charitable Trust (the “Purchaser”) in connection with the Purchaser investing $1.5 million in the Company. The First SAFE is convertible into shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, upon the initial closing of a bona fide transaction or series of transactions with the principal purpose of raising capital, pursuant to which we issue and sell common stock at a fixed valuation (an “Equity Financing”), at a per share conversion price which is equal to the lower of (i) (a) $53.54 million divided by (b) our capitalization immediately prior to such Equity Financing (such conversion price, the “SAFE Price”), and (ii) 80% of the price per share of our common stock sold in an Equity Financing transaction. If we consummate a change of control prior to the termination of the First SAFE, the Purchaser will be automatically entitled to receive a portion of the proceeds of such liquidity event equal to the greater of (i) $1.5 million and (ii) the amount payable on the number of shares of our common stock equal to (a) $1.5 million divided by (b)(1) $53.54 million divided by (2) our capitalization immediately prior to such liquidity event (the “Liquidity Price”), subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the First SAFE. The First SAFE was convertible into a maximum of 1,431,297 shares of our common stock, assuming a per share conversion price of $1.05, which is the product of (i) $1.31, the closing price of our common stock on January 31, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%.
On April 21, 2024, we entered into an amendment (“First SAFE Amendment”) that converted the First SAFE investment of $1.5 million into 4,166,667 shares of our common stock based on a conversion price of $0.36 per share, defined in the First SAFE Amendment as the product of (i) $0.45, the closing price of our common stock on April 19, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%. Upon conversion, we recorded a debit to SAFE Agreement of $1.5 million, a credit to Additional paid-in-capital of $1.9 million and recognized expense of $0.4 million within Other (expense) income, net in results of operations in the thirteen and twenty six week periods ended June 30, 2024.
On February 15, 2024, we entered into a second SAFE (the “Second SAFE”) with the Purchaser, in connection with the Purchaser investing $3.5 million in the Company. The Second SAFE did not accrue interest. The Second SAFE was initially convertible into shares of our common stock upon the initial closing of an Equity Financing transaction at a per share conversion price which was equal to the lower of (i) the Second SAFE Price, and (ii) 80% of the price per share of our common stock sold in such Equity Financing. If we consummated a change of control prior to the termination of the Second SAFE, the Purchaser would have been automatically entitled to receive an amount equal to the greater of (i) $3.5 million and (ii) the amount payable on the number of shares of our common stock equal to $3.5 million divided by the Liquidity Price, subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the Second SAFE. The Second SAFE was convertible into a maximum of 3,707,627 shares of our common stock, assuming a per share conversion price of $0.94, which is the product of (i) $1.18, the closing per share price of our common stock on February 15, 2024, (ii) 80%.
On April 21, 2024, we entered into an amendment (“Second SAFE Amendment”) that converted the Second SAFE investment of $3.5 million into 9,722,222 shares of our common stock based on a conversion price of $0.36 per share, defined in the Second SAFE Amendment as the product of (i) $0.45, the closing price of our common stock on April 19, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 80%. Upon conversion, we recorded a debit to SAFE Agreement of $3.5 million, a credit to Additional paid-in-capital of $4.4 million and recognized expense of $0.9 million within Other (expense) income, net in our results of operations in the thirteen and twenty six week periods ended June 30, 2024.
On May 13, 2024, we entered into a third SAFE (the “Third SAFE”) with the Purchaser, in connection with the Purchaser investing $1.0 million in the Company. The Third SAFE is convertible into shares of our common stock upon the initial closing of a bona fide transaction or series of transactions with the principal purpose of raising capital, pursuant to which the Company issues and sells shares of its common stock in an Equity Financing transaction, at a per share conversion price which is equal to 50% of the price per share of our common stock sold in such Equity Financing transaction. If we consummate a change of control prior to the termination of the Third SAFE, the Purchaser will be automatically entitled to receive a portion of the proceeds of such liquidity event equal to $1.0 million, subject to certain adjustments as set forth in the Third SAFE. The Third SAFE is convertible into a maximum of 2,750,000 shares of our common stock, assuming a per share conversion price of $0.275, which is the product of (i) $0.55, the closing price of our common stock on May 13, 2024, multiplied by (ii) 50%. Given that the SAFE could be settled in cash or a variable number of shares, we have accounted for the instrument as a liability at its fair value.
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As June 29, 2025, we estimated the fair value of the Third SAFE at $0.4 million based upon the assumptions disclosed in Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cash flows for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024
The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 and June 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations of $7.1 million in the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 was due to net loss from continuing operations of $14.3 million offset by $15.6 million of favorable noncash adjustments and $8.5 million of cash outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities. Significant movement in non-cash adjustments consisted of favorable non-cash adjustments of $9.3 million of amortization of debt issuance costs, $4.0 million of stock-based compensation, $3.0 million of depreciation and amortization, $3.0 million for the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, $1.2 million for the provision of credit losses and $0.6 million of non-cash lease expense, partially offset by $3.7 million gain on the change in the fair value of derivative liabilities and $1.6 million change in the fair value of forward purchase agreement liabilities and net other adjustments of $0.2 million. Cash outflows from changes in operating assets of $8.5 million consisted of a $14.5 million increase in accounts receivable, a $25.7 million increase in contract assets, a $1.2 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets and noncurrent assets, a $2.3 million decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities and a $0.7 million decrease in the operating lease obligations, partially offset by an $15.6 million decrease in inventories, $9.3 million increase in accounts payable and a $11.0 million increase in contract liabilities.
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations of $7.6 million for the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024 was primarily due to the net loss from continuing operations, net of tax of $23.5 million partially offset by non-cash charges of $12.3 million and net cash inflows of $3.6 million from changes in our operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash charges in our operating results consisted of $1.6 million of non-cash expense in connection with warrants issued for vendor services, a $2.8 million adjustment to our forward purchase agreement liabilities, $2.6 million stock-based compensation expense, $3.9 in million accretion of interest attributable to the CS Solis Debt, $2.0 million of other non-cash interest, $1.3 million loss arising from the loss on conversion of two SAFE Agreements to shares of our common stock, $0.7 million of depreciation and amortization, $0.3 million of non-cash lease expense, and $0.9 million of provision for credit losses, partially offset by $2.6 million of income from the change in the fair value of our warrant liabilities and a $1.2 million decrease in our reserve for excess and obsolete inventory. The main drivers of net cash inflows derived from the changes in operating assets and liabilities were related to a decrease in accounts receivable, net of $12.4 million and a decrease in inventories of $2.3 million, partially offset by an increase in prepaid and other current assets of $1.4 million, a decrease in accounts payable of $2.1 million, a decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities of $6.1 million, a decrease in operating lease liabilities of $0.3 million and a decrease in contract liabilities of $1.2 million.
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Cash flows from investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations was zero and $0.9 million for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025, and June 30, 2024, respectively, and attributable to additions to internal-use-software.
Cash flows from financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations was $4.8 million for the twenty-six weeks ended June 29, 2025 and consisted of $5.0 million deposit received from a related party and we subsequently issued a July 2025 Note to such related party (See Note 17 – Subsequent Events, “Issuance of 12% convertible senior unsecured convertible note to related party”), $0.2 million in proceeds from the issuance of September 2024 Notes, and $0.6 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants in exchange for the issuance of shares of our common stock partially offset by $1.0 million of finance leases payments.
Net cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations of $7.8 million for the twenty-six weeks ended June 30, 2024 was primarily due to $6.0 million in net proceeds from the issuance of SAFE agreements to a related party, $2.0 million deposit received from a related party in connection with a financing transaction, and less than $0.1 million in net proceeds from the exercise of stock options, partially offset by a $0.3 million final payment on the settlement of the a note payable.
Emerging growth company status
Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can choose not to take advantage of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, and any such election to not take advantage of the extended transition period is irrevocable.
Complete Solaria is an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act and has elected to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period for new or revised financial accounting standards. Following the closing of the Mergers, our Post-Combination Company remains an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the end of that year’s second fiscal quarter, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we has total annual gross revenue of $1.235 billion or more during such fiscal year (as indexed for inflation), (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt in the prior three-year period, or (iv) the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of our IPO. Complete Solaria expects to continue to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period, although it may decide to early adopt such new or revised accounting standards to the extent permitted by such standards. This may make it difficult or impossible to compare our financial results with the financial results of another public company that is either not an emerging growth company or is an emerging growth company that has chosen not to take advantage of the extended transition period exemptions because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 29, 2025, such disclosure controls and procedures were not effective, solely as a result of previously reported material weaknesses.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, there were no changes to previously issued financial statements. Our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer believe that the interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The material weaknesses are as follows:
The Company did not maintain controls to execute the criteria established in the COSO Framework for (i) the control environment, (ii) risk assessment, (iii) control activities, (iv) information and communication, and (v) monitoring activities.
Each of the control deficiencies identified below constitute material weaknesses, either individually or in the aggregate.
Control Environment. The Company did not maintain an effective control environment and identified the following material weakness: the Company lacked appropriate policies and resources to develop and operate effective internal control over financial reporting and a lack of appropriate and consistent IT policies given the significant volume of financially relevant IT changes, which contributed to the Company’s inability to properly analyze, record and disclose accounting matters timely and accurately.
This control environment material weakness also contributed to the other material weaknesses identified below.
Risk Assessment. The Company did not design and implement an effective risk assessment and identified a material weakness relating to: (i) identifying, assessing, and communicating appropriate objectives, (ii) identifying and analyzing risks to achieve these objectives, and (iii) identifying and assessing changes in the business that could impact the system of internal controls.
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Control Activities. The Company did not design and implement effective control activities and identified the following material weakness:
Information and Communication. The Company did not design and implement effective information and communication activities and identified the following material weaknesses:
Monitoring Activities. The Company did not design and implement effective monitoring activities and identified the following material weaknesses: (i) failure to adequately monitor compliance with accounting policies, procedures and controls related to substantially all areas of financial reporting; and (ii) failure to properly select, develop and perform ongoing evaluations of the components of internal controls (including the monitoring of service providers’ control environments).
These material weaknesses described in the paragraphs above contributed to material accounting errors identified and corrected during the audit of the Company’s financial statements. If we fail to adequately remediate these material weaknesses, there could be material misstatements that may not be prevented or detected.
Remediation Plan and Status. As previously described in Part II, Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, management is in the process of implementing its remediation plan. The Company is committed to remediating the material weaknesses identified above, fostering continuous improvement in internal controls and enhancing its overall internal control environment. Since identifying the above material weaknesses, the Company has begun the process of implementing the remediation activities described below. The Company believes that these activities, when fully implemented, should remediate the identified material weaknesses and strengthen its internal control over financial reporting. These remediation efforts remain ongoing, and additional remediation initiatives may be necessary.
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Accordingly, as management continues to monitor the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, the Company will continue to perform additional procedures prescribed by management, including the use of certain manual mitigating control procedures and the employment of additional tools and resources deemed necessary, to ensure that our future consolidated financial statements are fairly stated in all material respects. The following planned remediation activities highlight the Company’s commitment to remediating the identified material weaknesses:
If we are not able to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and Disclosure Controls, or if material weaknesses are discovered in future periods, a risk that is significantly increased in light of the complexity of our business, we may be unable to accurately and timely report our financial position, results of operations, cash flows or key operating metrics, which could result in late filings of the annual and quarterly reports under the Exchange Act, restatements of financial statements or other corrective disclosures, an inability to access commercial lending markets, defaults under its credit facilities and other agreements, or other material adverse effects on our business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.
The material weaknesses will not be considered remediated, however, until the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time, and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
Other than the remediation efforts described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) that have occurred during the twenty-six period ended June 29, 2025, that have materially impacted, or are reasonably likely to materially impact, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on effectiveness of controls and procedures
We do not expect that our Disclosure Controls will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure Controls, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the Disclosure Controls are met. Further, the design of Disclosure Controls must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all Disclosure Controls, no evaluation of Disclosure Controls can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of Disclosure Controls also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information with respect to legal proceedings is set forth under Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies, in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We are subject to a number of risks that if realized could adversely affect our business, strategies, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Some of the more significant risks and uncertainties we face include those summarized below. The summary below is not exhaustive and is qualified by reference to the full set of risk factors set forth in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 30, 2025. Please carefully consider all of the information in this Quarterly Report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 30, 2025 (including, without limitation, the full set of risks set forth in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 30, 2025, and the disclosures in this Quarterly Report included in Note 1(b) – Liquidity and going concern – of the notes to the financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and capital resources” section of this Quarterly Report) and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission before making an investment decision regarding us.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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